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Towanda, Wedaralav, illarch 17
NOZILINATIONS
•
ron Go. 1..u30n,
rrtANcts it. SHUN
YOn C*Nll. C0V.415.3107 ' 1:11, I
MORRIS LONGSTREWH,
ne MCINTG , IM'CUT CAt Tr.
No 31.1staLe
ET arr prepar nz all auco,:w.s no nor I il4. .1 10,
Man one 1 , 11111 . Erind , n7.. eolletn on. nod a +o6n w
prraw,b: them they w:11 he placed in Ur- :.ands cu:s mac etraw
for im date pros.cut.on. ti et w•il maJe
span posa.vel) STE EV; •o
YT n
NOW: THAN
ONE YI:AR OLD Thu, w:m knots them. l;ves tit trod
for mere think to year. will -do xv,ll to ;my up and sale rots
We'are compelled to he thus r';; 4 .l—s.mplybsent;re we owe
notary. and mast pap it ; and our fully wsot.ree is the numunt
doe trona d-litiquent subscribers. for Isl.:maw no. job work Ae
To Tilt' few who have been prompt tutd panetnat m pa} tug
their fines--wedvntlei our thmilits
MIZE
Tim under. em•' ',turn tlic.r lwartiedt ackamitli-,1 , p0.n05 to
Most: tnilividards—nod particularly to the I.iiitner4—v.ilai w 1,11,1-
f r an d ia 64061 to s-cure o.rr projp•rty trot
von on Ili, ot•cas:on.oi Pic d sast•ous tire of Friday loot. Th.-r
rhecrial and proinpr ondinivors to kr.cii the callint i) are
u. grawild I,lll,tubrutlt,c. Towanda. March Id. 1-17.
:tIONTTAN yr.g
MONTANIT k yox:
-1. s I3ETTS.
11. S. S M C. NlEll4'lll.
• ,i l:!\ Jtt.
nom Dash]. Willuot , 4 Speech
We publioh Ibis wee,t, the 4peceh of out Represent I.
tire in Congress, delivered on[the celebrated - petty'. to
the three million bill. proposed ) by hint. We find the
following commentsupon his speech in the 'Wilkes .rre
Farmer There has been an attempt to produce the
impression, that Mr. W. is animated in this movement
by a sympathy with the abolitioniAs.. No representa
tion could be more unjust or untrue. We know him
to be so much opposed to that fanatical:sect or party.
and to their principles and purposes, as any man living.
lie is merely a thorough and true . democrat, imbued
'with a deep love of the soil, even beyond his affections,
for the artificial denizen, who assumes t lord over it,
called man. Ile sees that the cursed piesence of the
slave. blights and mars the beauty of Nature, and im
measurably contracts ita prductions. And while he
denies the right of the citizens of the free, to in
terfere in any respect with the institutions of the slave
States, either by word or deed, he yet claims their right
as constituting a majority of thirteen seventeenths of the
whole free population of the llnian, to declare that ter
ritory which is now free, shall rennkin so. This is as
for from abolitionism 33 Heaven' frotn,Earth, for by it
nothing is proposed to be abolished. Dy it, things are
merely left as they are found. In short, it is a mere ac
knowledgment that to the tt bounteous mother of man-
kind" wan owes every thine. and by nn act of his
shunt.' her bcauty, harmony and fruitfulness, be
i.bed."
The Nomlnalioni:
We Cm.l in the last Democratic Union, the . following
very appropriate and eeas.mable article in relation to the
nomination. lately made by the Democratic State Con
tention. We cheerfully commend them to the attention
of,our readers
In oterlience to the unanimous expression of the
Democracy of Pennsylvania, in State Convention a.
sembled, we nail to our mast-head the flag agreed upon
by the party, with emotions of unalloyed satisfaction.--
It will bo observed, by reference to the proceedings of
the Delegates to the 4th of March Convention, that
FRANCIS R. SHUNK has been. re-nominated as the
Democratic candidate for Governor with sigwil unani
rnity,and Mounts LONOSTIIETU, for the office of Canal
Commissioxer.
The re-nomination of our present patriotic Executive
will be hailed by every Democrat throughout the length
and breadth of the Keystone State, as an act eminently
duo that distin6uishrd statesman, for ; the faithful and
honest manner in which he has discharged his public
duties as Chief Magistrate of the Statt, • We defy even
the.viperous tongue of Federal slander, to find one sear
in his character, on which to fasten far a moment. Ills
straight-forward course has ever been far above the
Truckling meannes ►~ of hypocrisy. flattery, or the hope of
reward, other than the approval of a pure conscience, and
the just plaudits of a di:criminating and grateful De
m:Far-yr. In every station in which the people have
seen fit to place Lim, he has truly and faithfully served
them,`and withourwavering or hesitancy, has done his
wants. DCTT. 'When his merits and qualifications
shrill come up in remembrance before the Democracy of
the Keystone State, on the second Tnesday of Octohor
reit, he will be sustained by an old fashioned , Democratic
majority.
. Monate LIINGITTIZTR, the Democratic candidate for
Canal Cyrnmi.sioner. is a man truly of the people--
kinoten of the people, and loved by the people.. His
"private as well as public life will bear the teat of the
.strictest scrutiny. A firm and consistent Henttoccat from
Lis earliest youth, hi. nomination cannot fail to meet
with the cordial approbation of the Democracy of the
whole State.
We shall seize ad early opportunity to speak more
fully of the Merits of this gentleman—hut fur the pie
sea,, let it suffice, that he will receive. the largest vute
ever given for Canal Commissioner in Pennsylvania."
Etat-T.lbl tt Nzw !hareem sr. —An 'election was
held on Tuesday 9th inst. in New Hampshire, for mem
bers of the State Legislature, four members of Congress,
Governor, Lieut 4 Governor. For Governor,. Anthnny
Colby, the present incumbent, was candidate of the
v;laigs, Hon. Nathaniel S. Berry, of the Independents,
and Jared W. Williams of the Radical Democrats. For
Congress, the following were the candidates:
:; ;Whig.—fuhabod Goodwin, Joe/ :Eastman, James Wil
t in, H. A. Bellows
Independent—Amos Tucker, G. W. SteVenit, John
Preiton,-Jared -Perkins.
Radical Democrats.—B. W. Jenne:s, C. H. Brasier,
S. Dinsmoar, J. H. Johnson.
We le'Mn by the N. Y. ttun of the 12th inst., that the
Democrats have carried ertryi hing. The average De
mocratiC majority in the State is-from 1,500 to 2,500,
being a' aery large gain.
NPOR7►IT rICIR •Itsaito.—The New York papers
e ',main • rumor to the effect that Gen. Taylor tunl Santa
Anna had 'a battle at Monterey, and Santa Anna was
driven from the field. The report needs confirmation,
and is not very generally credited.
ecrioy, it I...aid, refuses to accept theappoint-
Meat of .Msjoe General, unless Eleott, TA) tor . and Butler
are re-callcd from Mexico. We hardly credit it.
Tremendous Conflagration in Towanda.
Great destruction of propertyr-The
Court House, "Claremont house,”
Stores, Shops mid dwellings burned.
On Friday last our town ,witnessed a most awful
and ttestruive cenllagration, raging for hours un
becked, and sweeping before it building after
building until there were none within i s reach.
The fire was first discovered about 2-o'clock, and
oti!finated in the roof of a building occupied as a
store by N. N. Betts, and' in a very few moments
conununiewed with the contiguous buildings on
either side. 'the large three story store owned and
occryied by the Nlessrs: chic.
/now Home and adjacent buildings, and the CoUlt
House were.soon enveloped in one sheet of flames.
In less than two hours more than twenty buildings
\VCts consumed by the insatiate element.
Every building on the south side of the public
square, and east side of Mum street as fm down as
M. C. Arnow..s Brick house, Was destroyed. The
beautiful Brick Block on the well side of Main
street was several times on fire. but ultimately sav
ed through the almost superhuman exertion of our
citizens. The Bridge was at one time considered
in the most imminent dam;es . the roof being on
fire in several places.
The wind blew from the Ndrthwest, which threw
the force of the blaze partly toward the river, and
was a fortunate circumstance, for had the tire cross
ed Main street, Heaven only knows where it could
have been stopped.
We will not pretend to estimate with accuracy
the loss: but it cannot be less than 30 or $40,000.
More than twenty-five families have, by this ca.
lamity,been left houseless : and many have lost all
they possessed.
The buildings south of the scat of the tire, situated
ea Bridge street, were seveial time.• on tire, the
air being filled with burning fragments of shingles,
which alighting on the roofs communicated tire to
a number of buildings.
The Brick dwelling house of Barton' Kingsbery - ,
Esq., was on fire, and only saved through great ex
en ion, after the wooden cornice was partly destroyed-
The building in which the fire communicated was
owned by J. Kingsbery, Mrs. Rice, and David Cash,
and occupied by J. Kingsbery Jr,, N N. Betts and
Montnnye & Fox, with Dry Goods' stores, and L.
Bachelor tailor shop. -The goods in the stores were
mostly saved. Mr. Betts is nearly or quite covered
by an insurance; the others were not insured.
The large wooden building occupied by the
Messrs Mereufs, was owned .by them, and Dr.
Carter. It was occupied by them as a Dry Goods
store, and by the latter as a Grocery store, by Hen
ry Mereur's Hat store and dwelling, and by J. B.
Ford as a dwelling, and Mrs. Lewis, Tailoress.—
Messrs. Mercurs had lately erected a large and
commodious store house in the rear of their store,
which was tilled with grain, flour, &e. Their goods
were mostly removed, and their loss, though very
heavy, is, we are glad to say, in some:measure,
covered by an insurance of tit6,ooo. Dr. Carter is
fully insured. The remainder are sufferers to va
rious amounts.
The old harness-shop of M.- C. Amout was also
burned ;--the fuss we could not ascertain, though it
must be trilling.
The large dwelling house, occupied by Mrs.
Spalding, and owned by J. Kingsbern was not in
sured, and is a total loss. Mrs. S., we regret to
say, suffered the loss of most her household goods.
The large and newly erected building owned by
Montanye S.: Betts, on the corner, was occupied by
Montanyes' 6; Cu., as a store; C. PraU's Grocery•;
A. Moody, Meat Market; Powell & Penepacker,
Tailor shop; I.'. Mercur's Law office, and Mrs.
Kipp, Tailoress. in the third story was the Sons
of Ten - irerance Hall. The moveable articles in the
building were very generally carried out. Mes4.rs.
Montany - e7s are partially insured, and the building
was also insured a portion. of its value. Tlie Sons
of Temperance lose the fixtures of their Hall, Sc.,
amounting to some 171
D. F. Barstow's building, occupied by D. C. llalFt
Tin shop, east of Itlontanye's, was consumed. The
building is a total loss. Mr. Hall was insured, :mil
his loss will be trifling,_
The two small buildingsadjacent Were owned by
J. Kingshery, and occupied by Solomon. Cooper,
barber, and Capt. J. M. Gillson's Grocery. Mr.
Cooper loses considerable, and Capt. G. a small
amount.
The-" Claremont Home, - and much of the fur.
•ture, with the barn, was owned by J. D. B loutanye,
and occupied by G. W. Mersereau. The former
was partially insured.
N. Tuttle's Boot & Shoe Store, and 11le building
adjacent,•Occupied as a dwelling 'by S. Bowles,
were burned ; the property being removed.
Messrs. Montanye's & Co's.large store house was
consumed with moat of its contents, consisting of
grain, flour, Sc.; loss considerable:
In the rear was Win. Trout's blacksmith shop,
which was also consumed. Building total loss.—
&c., saved.
The Court House wasnext destroyed by the fire,
and as if in revenge for being stopped in its pro
gress, slowly and steadily devoured it. Mr. Black,
the Jailor, is a loser to a small amoim s t , .. The prison
ers were conveyed to a place of safety by the
Sheriff.
No estimate can be correctly formed of the ag
gregate or individual losses. The goods which
were removed ivere many of them injured or mis
sing ; so that the merchants theniselves are as yet
unable to tell the amount they have actually suf
fered.
PLAISTIILD Bassr,.-...The receivers of the Plainfield
Bank announce that they are now in possession of
sets, consisting of real-estate, money, stocks in other cor
porations, and principally in notes and bills receivable,
to an amount-which they believe more than sufficient to
redeem at par the whole amount of bills of that Bank
now in circulation. They further my that theyi.. Have
not yet been able to ascertain with entire certainty the
amount of bills in circulation, nor can they foresee what
losses may be incurred in the collection of debts, nor on
the sales of stock they now bold. Unless this should be
much greiter than they anticipate, the bill-holders, they
think, will eventualiy be paid in full."
Dzczttren.—The telegraphic despatch of the Ledger
- from Washington, dated March 10, says, that "The
CSbinet yesterday, after a session of siz hours, refused
to Sae& to the demand of Major General Benton, that
Generals Scott, Tayliir, Butler and - Patterson should be
recalled.". -
Mr. Benton has this morning sent into the President
a declination of his commission as Major General. _
Tax PeasaTLT•ai& Liataaaacitz, aajountea yea:
tertlay at 1 . 2 o'clock,
amore of that l'ittala.”
We find the followmg parsipiiphs in the'Danville
to
telligencer. Comment is needless:—" The Iron Duel
maw, in Columbia county, is Its very flourishing condi
tion. The Montour Rolling Mill is in full and success
ful operation, making railroad iron, with plenty of work
to do for a long period of time. The Montour Company
now have three Furnaces in blast, and are just heating
and preparing the large new stack for its immense use
of pig metal. • The Company aro also enlarging their
Mill. end adding several additional Ptieldjing Furnaces
to their stupendous works. In addition to the four Fur
-1 maces of the Company, there are four other'Anthracite
Furnaces in the vicinity, sending forth pig-Mefal on a
age scale. In all parts of the county the Furnaces are
flied up, and yielding large supplies of good iron.,
We understand that a company is now formed to start
another Rolling Mill at this place, to be got ready for
work by next fall. It will be on the Canal at the upper
end ()flown. Here will be another jeb for our foundries
and machine shops, to prepare the engines and all the
castings and machinery for the new mill. 'This will
make the third Rolling Mill at Danville. We now have
fire Anthracite Furnaces in blast at'the wall, and three
in the vicinity of it-8 in all.
Brnj. Fetiy,Juhn Foley, and Wm. lianc...clc, are re
ported to be some of the capitalists who are abut start
ing the mill. All of them are men of experielice in the
iron businesi, and amply responsible. Susses to their
enterprise.
GOrtIINMENT ViISXLI FOR Instssn.—The follow•
ing is the resolution passed by both Houses of Congress
authorizing government vessels to transport provisions to
Ireland.
Resolved, By the Senate and House of Representa
tives of the United Stated of America in Congress as
wmililed, That the Secretary of the Novy be and he is
hereby authorized to place at the disposal of Captain
Geo•ge C. De Kay, of New Jersey, the United States
chip Macedontan, for the purpose of
- transporting to the
famishing poor of Ireland and Scotland such contribu
tions as may be made file their relief; and that the said
Secretary be also authorised to place at the disposal of
Captain Robert B. Forbes, of .J3usion, the United States
slop of war Jamestown, for the like purpose ; or, if the
the Secretary shall be 14 opinion that the public interest
will be better subserved thereby, he is • authorized to de.-
*patch said vessels upon the service aforesaid as public
ships.
Haw IT lITIND.I •attosn.—We find in the money
article of the Philadelphia Ledger, the following signi
ficant paragraph :—" The Lancai.ter Tribune 'aye, a
large amount of the notes of the Susquehanna;Cuunty
Bank are in circulation in that quarter. Them notes
were some time since selling at a discount of fifty per
cent. ; and by the last report of the Auditor General, it
appears the circulation of this Sank was n 5,625; for
the redemption of which they hand $4,873 14 in specie,
being almost twenty dollars circulation for one dollar
in specie ! - The public should be ciutious about touch
ing the notes of this concern."
Tuz Remonen BATTLE: 7 Nya_ find in the North
American, of the 12th inst., Ida following paragraph in
relation to the rumored battle between Gen. Taylor and
Santa Anna There was no confidence in the report
through the city yesterday, and the Hun. Lewis Cam,
who arrived in our city yesterday, states that he left Mr.
Buchanan at Baltimore in the morning. From a con
versation with him he learned that despatches bad been
received at Vashiogton from lien. Taylorolated thirty
six hours after the supposed battle, and there is nothing
in reference
_to an actual collision. The inference there
fore is irresistible that the intelligence is prematurr."
COmron-r son :rat °spear rtos."—The elections
in New York Weal to bo going hard against the Feder.
slims. Rochester is Democratic by 300 malority.—Utica
by 212 majority—and Buffalo goes Federal by a reduced•
majority. If the Federalists will " aid " and " comfort"
the Mexicans, the people will not " aid " and •• comport"
the Federalists.
liawsesein Porrsoc.—lt should be remembered by
individuals who are in the habit of sending newspapers
to friends, that under the law adopted by last session of
Congress, newspapers, circulars, iSec., witless sent from
the publication office, have to pay three cents postage.
Under the late law, they paid bat one cent.
GUILTY Or aURDLR ' IN Till FIRST DLORLYe—Jas.
Riggs, a colored man, was tried in the Oyer and Ter
miner at Pottsville last week, fur the murder of Charles
Gemder,a German. The jury found him guilty of mur
der in the first degree, and the Judge sentenced him to
be hung.
(VITT. Pos.' act !—We find in the Argue, in an ar
ticle giving the result of the Dem-Krone State Conven
tion, the following prediction Overfield. a loco
loco member of the Senate, declared in the Convention
that if" Mr. Shush was nominated, ho would moat eel ,
tiinly be nominated—depend upon it."
Fancast. Scars Cosrestrrios.—This body asvem
sembled at Harrisburg on the 9th inst., and after •
stormy session, nominated Gen. Jaines Irvin, of Centre
county, as ; a candidate for Governor, and Joseph W.
Patton, of Cumberland county, for Canal Commissioner.
cO"' Gov. Shunk has again nominated to the Senate
John M. Forster, to be President Judge of the 15th Ju
dicial district, composed of the counties of Chester and
Delaware.
Mr'. John H. Steck, of Philadelphia, has just
published a likeness of Governor Shunk,lithographed
from a Daguerreotype, by Wagner and lll*Guigan. It
is a-faithful likeness.
CosrrintiaTtox or Juane annnouee,
with real pleasure, the confirmation, by,: the Senate. of
lion. THOMAS S. BELL, recently nominated to the Su
preme Bench, by Guy. Shut*.
Oj'' The Rani James Buenas An has sent a donation
of one hundred dollars for thatcher of the eugcring Irish,
to his friends in Lancaster.
o The Legislature of New Jersey adjourned eine .
die un Friday last, after s session of eight weeks.
A St:victim Srmerscir..--The Maryland
Statesman a new Democratic paper recently
started in Baltimore. says:
The singular spectacle is now presented to
the world or the three senior officers of our ar
my keeping up a fire both •• in their rear and
in their front," warring, at the same time, against
their own government. We do not wonder
that the President should want a Lieutenant
Genetal."
A 118888808,—.There ill 8 Colonel in the
Mexican army, named Torrey, who is an
Atherican by birth, and wile formerly in the U.
S. Army.
- Goon iron Ptrunnao.—Six hundred and
twelve steamboats have been built at Pittsburg
in the last sixteen yearn—thirty-one the put
year. -
SCARCITY OF StAXEN.—Sailore are very
searce,at this port at the present time.. As high
Jts 822 per , month Cora yoyake to the . West
!tidies - , has tken given the put week.--,Elpst.
Later from the Army of Occupation.
G. TAYLOR ' S ADVANCE UPON SAN• LUIS.
—The New Orleans h ßullpiin has conversed
freely with officers 01-the army recently from
Monteiey, who give-iho following intelligence
rerpectill Taylor's movements, who'it ap
peva, is about to advance upon :San Luis Yo-
11101 : -
As regards the actual position of affairs there,
it is believed Santa Anna has no idea of advan
cing from San - Luis, with a view to attack Gen.
Taylor at 11;altillo, or rather twenty miles in
advance of that place, where he is now posted
with the main body of his army. The fdrce
under the actual command of Gen. Taylor, is
about 6000 men, all volunteers, except four
batteries of artillery, and two squadrons of dra
goons—the former üboul 300 men, and the lat
ter 150 in all. The force at Monterey iaabout
2000:men—also volunteersi Gen. Taylor has
no: a regular infantry soldier with him, the
whole havingdpeen withdrawn for the opera
tions on the sea soast. under Gen. Scott—he
however, to be retnforced by five or six re
giments of the volunteers, actually arrived or
shortly expected, and when joined by them.
his intention, and indeed his orders are, to
move forward, and he is• making all his ar
rangements to do so by the Ist of A pril.—
Among other preparations. he is constructing
small water tanks, to be carried on pack mules,
with a supply of that necessary, to enable the
army to cross the desert, where 'for a distance
of 90 miles there is only one watering place.
and-that only for a limited number at a time—
mule will carry two of these miniature tanks,
each containing ID or 20 gallons.
At the present moment, Gem Taylor has a
must ample supply of provisions. and also full
means of transportation, all of which 'atter is
actively employed in bringing up full supplies
of everything from Camargo, preparatory to
the intended forward movement, for which the
most extensive and active preparations are be
ing matte.
The force concentrating, under Gen. Scott
and intended for the attack on Vera Cruz, will
be from 13 to 14.000 men, at least one half of
which will be regulars—it is thought they can•
not he before Vera Cruz until the last of ibis
month—the city, it is, believed, will be aban
doned, but the castle defended. The opinions
are various, not as to the final result, but as to
die time that will be required to reduce it. 11
the. resistance is any way serions,it is thought
some weeks. if not months, will be required.
As regards the subsequent operations, all
agree as to the difficulties and absence of any
decisive results in penetrating into the interior,
even if it could be done in the most successful
manner.
The policy of Santa Anna will be to let us
advance into the interior, should such be the
intention, without risking a general battle, but
to harass our march—cut off our supplies and
stragglers, and where an opportunity occurs,
crush a detachment and destroy our foraging
parties.
All those from whom we have obtained the
information on which our present remarks are
founded, unite in the opinion that the capture
of the city of Mexico would have no more bear
ing on the result of the war, or tend to procure
a peace, than the capture of Monterey, and that
if we attempt - . to march there, no general battle
would be risked to preserve the capita!, ex
cept it could be given on terms that would ren
der success certain ; but that the Mexicans
would- depend upon harassing us upon our
mareli—defending the passes and defiles, so as
to occasion us severe losses, and, after, we got
to the city to cut oft all supplies, as well as
further reinforcements, and let the army grad
ually melt away and become reduced by na
tural causes, disease and the easualtties which
attend every army in an enemy's country.
Resolntim of tile State Convention.
Mr. J. GLANCY JONES, from the Committee on
Resolutions, reported the following resolutions, which
were adopted t
1. Resolved, That the members of this conven
tion are deeply impressed with a sense of grail
lode for the abundalice with which a bountiful
Providence has filled this land of freedom. and
for the great prosperity that pervadetthecountry
In its mom' and social condition. and in all the
industrial and productive pursuits of the people,
agricultural, commercial, manufacturing and
mechanical.
2. Resolved, That we, in common with the
people of the country. deeply sympathize will'
those of Ireland and other parts ofEurope, on
whom t h e h a rd and withering hand of famine is
laid, and whose miseries are aggravated by
despotic rulers, who rob labor of its just reward
and impoverish the many fur the benefit of the
few.
3. Resolved, That it is a source of gratifica
tion to the benevolent and and philanthropic, to
witness the christian and republican s i drit which
animates the people of these United States in
extending aid to their suffering brethern in other
countries, and that we recommend to our friends
throughout the Commonwealth to make the
most liberal contributions •in money and pro
visions according to the extent of their ability,
fur their relief.
4. Resolved, That the increased prosperity
and power of our great country, the result of It-r
free institutions, and the faithful administration
of the government, are Satisfactory evidence that
the accustomed War-cry of our opponents as to
the ruin to be accomplished ht - the tariff of 1846,
will fail to have any other effect than to excite
a feelinz of ridicule towards the authors of these
senseless predictions. Oar farming, manufatur
ing and other industrial interests, are in the
highest state of prosperity, and are not injitrons
ly affected-by the operations of the present tariff
5. Resolved, That we have undiminished
confidence in the integrity and purity of the
President and Vice President of the several heads
of departments, and recognise in the performan
ce of their high constitutional duties the just
evidence of the ability and energy with which
they have performed the duties of the high star .
tions entrusted to them.
6. Resolved, That it is with pride and grati
fication we present Francis R. Shuck, as our
candidate for Governor ; his private 'character is
irreproachable. and his long public services af
ford the surest guaranty of his future fidelity
and devotion to the public interests, and to sound
Democratic principle's. During hie present
term. his administration has been distinguished
for an inflexible adherence to the cardinal prin
ciples of Democracy, sound economy and a
rigid maintenance of the public - faith; his whole.
conduct; as well as the usages the party, em
phatically pointed to his renomination, and his
re-election will be sustained by the suffrages of
an honest and intelligint people.
7. Resolved. That -we heartily approve of
the just end decided course of Governor Shook
In- 111 , 8 rFs!rictioris and reeptinsiffilities which he
has so-repeatedly *god, ipoo.tlie - Lagialatora to
.
be applied to Banking Institu lions ; the establish
ment of these just securities to property. t and
the profits of labor in reference to 'the _Banks
chartered at the last session receives our decided
approbation, and as we believe, the approbation
of the people ; and we entirely approve of the
able, hottest and upright course which he has
pursued in interposing his veto to all corpora
tions-chartered fin- individual gain by witch - an
exemption was thus asked and conferred from
the ordinary responsibilities of individual enter
prize.
8. Resolved, That in the Hon. Morris Long
stre"th we have a candidate for Canal Commis
sioner of whom the Democracy may well be
proud. His inflexible integrity, high order of
talents; and sound Democratic principles, com
mend him to the cordial support and affection
of every Democrat - in Pennsylvania.
9. Resolved, - That -the recent action of the
Skmate of the United States, in the expulsion of
Thomas Ritchie, the able and faithful exponent
of the doctrines of democrary, whose long life
has evinced his fearless devotion to the main
tenance of the great principles of free govein
mem. meets with our decided condemnation.—
The entire freedom of die press in the examina
tion of the conduct of public inetAt relation to
iblic measures. is essential to fhelireservation
of our liberties, and any attempt to coerce silence
by punishment, will not fail to visit the authors
of such a. measure with the reprobation of every
citizen who values the inestimable privileges
of Americtin freemen.
10. Resolved. That James R. Snowden the
late efficient State Treasurer, is entitled to the
grateful thanks of the Deinociacy,,for the servi
ces he has rendered the Commonwealth, in the
successful performance of his official duties, and
that his reinov,al by the federalists, shows how
hypocritical were their shallow arid fraudulent
pretences put forth during the campaign of
1844. that they would proscribe proscription. ,
11. Resolved, That we pledge ourselves to
give an midi% ided and hearty support to the
noniiiiatunis.of this convention. Our candi
dates are eminently worthy of the support of
the Democratic party and the people. and no
Democrat who is true to his profession will
permit himself, directly or indirectly, from any
caut.e, to oppose them.
12. Resolved. That we are in favor of a
vigorous and energetic prosecution of the exist
ing war with Mexico, repudiating the master
ly inactivity" policy, as unwise and impolitic.
and only calculated to prolong the war, and
cheek the patriotism Which the justice of our
case has, in such an eminent degree produced
throughout the United States.
.13. Resolved, That the removal from the
various offiees at Washington of every opponent
of the National Administration, or of Democratic
principles and measures, has been lung called
for and is alike demanded by the voice of the
Democratic party, and the best interests of the
country, and ought not to be longer postponed
or delayed.
Ir. 4 s C. Ilale, from the Committee on Ad
drevs. made report.
(The address will appear hereafter.]
Speech of Hr. Wilmot, of Pennsylvania,
[CONCLUDED (I]llt . 9T PAO E .
When southern ' ocntlemen sit down and revise
their estimates of the value of the Unidb, no
fears need be entertained of a dissolution from
dint quarter. Not that I doubt the bravery of
the South. I.know that they dare do all :hat
brave men dare do, in vindication of their
rights. I would be afraid to invade their rights.
I would expect, from their known character,
and from the stand they have heretofore taken
in defence of State-sovereignty & State-rights.
a manful and spirited resistance. But, sir, I
am not afraid to do right. The South dissolve
the Union without just cause ! The Union is
valuable to all, especially valuable to the South:
The Union dissolved, sir, and it is my deliber
ate conviction that southern slavery could not
exist twenty years. The South. sir, equally
with the North, places a proper estimate upon
the value of the Union.
Sir, there is Mother reason, and a most sub
stantial one, why this Amendment should he
made now, and to this Bill. For what is this
appropriation to be made ? To make peace.
Flow to make peace, I inquire, sir? Not to
purchase a humiliating peace. .No one suppo
ses this. What return, then, are we to have
for tlys money ? Territory, sir, territory.—
My friend, the chairman of the committee on
Foreign Relations (Mr. C. J. Ingersoll.) howl;
he admits it, sir ; I thank him fur the adints
sism, it is frank, it is true. The chairman of
the same committee in the Senate, (Mr. Se•
vier,) makes the same distinct admission.—
His language on this subject is explicit. He
says :
" The intelligence possessed by the Presi
dent, gives them reason to believe, that upon a
certain advance to be made, to pay the expen
ses of their army; (the Mexicans,) and other
expenses, they would be willing to Cede that
portion of their territory which he had named."
[Upper California and New Mexico.]
Why are we to pay the expense of their ar
my 1 It is hard er °ugh to fight them, and to
pay the expenses of our own artily, as the war
is going on. Av, sir, the Mexicans " would
be willing to cede Upper California and New
Mexico." This, sir, is the return we are to
have for " paying the Mexican army." Yet,
when the Bill is before the House, appro
priating
the very money which is to purchase
territory, northern men, as an excuse to vote
against my Amendment, tell us they believe
no territory is to be acquired ; that the move
ment is untimely and out of place ; that it is
throwing an agitating and distracting question
into our councils—breaking the unity of the
party. An agitating question, sir ! If the
South, - the minority, will yield, there will be
no "agitation" upon this subject. I implore
my friends of the South to stop the " agitation
of this delicate question." They have it in
theirown hands.
Sir, my reasons for moving in this matter at
tiAb time I did. have been given. I saw the
rfplicy of the Administration -as clearly then.
as I see it now. Every man with his eyes
open must see it. Territory is to be acquired.
and money is asked to aid in its acquisition.—
I ani ready, I am anxious to give the money ;
but I seek in the act which appropriats it, a
guarantee that free territory shall be preserved
from the aggreision of slavery—that it shall
be sealed up and held sacred for freedom.—
This is what I seek.
One gentleman from South Carolina, Mr.
Rhett ) submitted a long constitutional argu
ment on this question, and one, which_ it seem
ed to me, frittered away all the powers of this
Government. ' I tried to follow him in his
ideas of envereignty, but his regneinents'were
too nice for my comprehension. I became lost
in the mists and clouds of constitutional refine
ments. I understand by sovereignty, the pow
er that-makes laws—.,a power that demands of
the' citizen entimission to its authority batexecutes the prerogative of enforcing obedience.
I could not understand the distinction the gm
demon was pleased
,to make, when he s a id
the powers of sovereignty, are one thi or ,
and its being another." I know of no sore;
eignty distinct from its attributes. Sovereign.
ty is known liyOte i oributes and its pnw erc ....
The thefiry of our Oovernntnent•places aim
ereignty in the hands of the people. Th uy,
sir, are the true source of tints which we
call sovereignty. Rut in a political and legal
sense. sovereignty resides in the Statesanwditii:
this Government. Within the limits of th e
Constitution, and in the exercise of the powers
given, this Government is sovereign ;
and
in the litriits of their respective constitutions
the governments of the States are sovereign..,
They exercise different and distinct powers,
yet each in the powers exercised are sorer.
eign. The right of the people to alter or re.
model their,constitntions, is a right *hies d ie
theory and practice of our Government mi n .
tains. That part of the argument of %hetet).
tleman front South Carolina, which places the
sovereignty exclusively in the people, w ou ld
strongly conflict with the opinions held by that
school of constructionists, in the case of Rhod e
Island. I recollect that they denied the so.
Monty of the people of Rhode Island to re•coo•
struct anJ remodel their organic law. hone
breath, the gentleman makes sovereignty reside
in the people ; and the next in . the States. h.
deed, lie makes it reside everywhere and any.
where, except in this Government. Re tells
us that this Government stands as a naked trim
tee for the States, and that the States are joist.
tenants and co-sovereigns over the territories of
the Union. This, sir, is novel. I confess
can form no idea of a copartnership M surer.
eignty. Suppose, sir, that the State do own
the territories. and that this Government holds
them merely as trustee, will the gentleman i s .
form me what acts these " joint -tenants and
co-sovereigns" can exercise over their proper . :
ty ? Can South Carolina legislate fur it and
if so, for how much, or to what extent 1 A n d
how large is the control of Pennsylvania orer
it 1 W idiom stopping to inquire where the
right of property is, one thing is clear he
States can act upon territory only through tint
General Governinent. I inanitaln that this Go.
vernment, so far as the territory of the Union
is concerned, sovereign within the limits of the
Constitution.
Every argument of 'the gentleman from Sarah
Carolina, (Mr. Rhea.) against my amendment,
applies with equal force against the
. Ortlinanse
of 1787, and against the ;Missouri communise,
Great quesitcfns of constitutional right—el the
rights of the people and the States—are made.
termined by parallels of latitude and !animal's.
If this proposition invades the constitutional
rights of the South, then did the Missouri coo.
promise. If we have no right in say, that
slavery shall not exist in New Mexico and
California, than we had no right to say that
should not go north of the Missouri comp.
raise line.
I would have been glad, as objections bare
been rude to the manner of introducing thu
question. to have had an opportunity of init.'.
ducing an independent proposition," standint
isolated and alone. But every man knows that
no such opportunity has or can be offeredone
der the rules of this House. Those who in
they would support such a proposition, butnt•
pose my Amendment, know that it is overly
impossible to get it before-Abe !louse. A reso
lution of that character can only he brought be
fore the House by suspending the rules, end
that requires a vote of two-Marls. Amy)
might bellied upon it, by offering ii onnsolo•
tion day, and immediately demanding the pre
%nous question ; but such a day we hare not
had since the early part of the session, and sill
not again have to its close ; and, again, I wool!
not attempt to force through so important'
proposition under. the press of the prima
question, and without opportunity for one wool
of debate. had a resolution drawn lomat
than three weeks, and could not adr . ance so for,
as to obtain the floor and make a motion
the rules be suspended to receive is. 'I abao-
doned it as idle and useless, and came bark
to this bill as the proper and only place abet.
I could bring toy Proposition before the Hoof.
Sir, I. have said befi.re, that - I have no mot
bid sympathies upon the subject of shut!:
still, I regard it as a great social and political
evil-4 blight and' deadly mildew upon tot
country or State in which it exists: I regard
it as the most difficult and dangerous problem
which we will have to work null in this five
Government. If we go back to the perical: 4
the establishment of our Constionine, we bid
there were six slave and seven free States
slave States containing an area of some eq
thousand square miles more that the free sit
about an equal population. Now, these Ire
States have double the population of theriare.
Why is this ? In the Revolution, Itli?sa°Sa•
setts furnished more men for carrying on
War than the entire slave States. 'Hug
pened this ? Not from any want of Tomos
on the part of the South, but from the avid
ability, growing out of this institution, Whirr
the men who labor are slaves, you cannot pi
arms in their hands ; 'and it is the free Ibv
tug man who constitutes the strength. and d^ e
fence of his country on t he field o f battle. I.-
this ,war continue, Pennsylvania will, if per,
mined, I believe, send more n en into (WO
than the entire six original slave States.
yd
that Pennsylvania - would be inure forward°
they in the . vindication of the honor DO
country ; but because she has the men. l2
owing to this peculiar institution of the SC 1 h
they have them not. Their laborers alO
take tip arms ; indeed,' they dare not font
them into military organizations, and l:
them the use of the weapons of war. I ° 7
it that Virginia:the " mother of S t ates"^ 4 ,
State which has ever been foremost M 1.4
cation of the rights of the States , and Of
liberties of the People—wh is it that the
of the glorious Old Dominion" is nota.
the ascendant 1 She stood first—before ?ii;
York, before .Pennsylvania—and 1100
outstripped by States that have grow° vP
rid
in the memory of the preset generatio::
Why is it Can - any doubt that slavery wv
cause 1
Again, 'contrast Ohio with Kentucky. ",
has the former left 93 far behind the 11 1 1 . 0
the race of prosperity and greatness r
wholly owing to slavery in the one .410
the other. There is always a. lack of IN! er ,
ergy and enterprise in slave labor. whi ch
belound in Itee labor. I verily belie,
thej laborer of the North, who goes 6 „,
wilderness to heW himself out a llow e ' or
more wotk than three slavesi whir ° ' 2 _ 1 %01
Comes or wastes less. Nothing is of
by him ;. his eye sees seervibing that req i
attention. It is the enterprise, the dilfs,
and the eronomy'of free labor. that hoLy
u new Empires in the West, while th en,
has been falling back into decrepitude ssa'