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THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH, WEDNESDAT, NOVEMBER 16, 189a.
8
1 p .f-c .
SWEEPING THE SK!
The Engineers' Society Con
siders Plans to Abate
1 the Smoke Nuisance.
AK INTERESTING REPORT
Coverins: the Entire Subject Fnllj
Discussed and Adopted,
COLONEL BOBERTS HAS IlOfES,
Ihongh the Evil Is Admitted to Ee One
5 hat Is Hard to Teach.
REMEDIES THAT WORKED ELSEWHERE
The Encineers Society of Western Penn
sylvania, with many conspicuous figures in
the industrial world of the two cities, and
many ladies from the local Health Protect
ive Association, last night considered the
smoke nuisance. The report of the
committee named some months ago
to consider the smoke question
was presented and was liberally discussed.
The committee was appointed last spring
and had made an exhaustive investigation
of the matter. The members are Colonel
T. P. Kobcrts, chairman; AV. L. Scaife,
Charles Hyde, Prof. John Langley, Daniel
Ashworth, T. 1L Johnston and Captain A.
E. Hunt. Considerable discussion of the
subject followed the reading of the report.
AVhen some regular business had been
disposed of, President Hunt called lor the
report. It was read by Jlr. W. L. Scaife.
The discussion on the report was started
by President Hunt He said his impres
sion was that one of the most important
thiogs to remedy was the lack of steam
capacity to do the work required, resulting
in driving boilers to their utmost and pro
ducing the most smoke. Especially was
this the case in smaller plants using boilers
of 100-horse power or less.
Colonel Kolierts Hopeful.
Colonel Roberts said the report showed
that smoke can be abolished under steam
boilers and in most all cases greatly re
duced. It was only a question of time until
smoke would be abolished in the business
section of the city. The East End district,
he said, covers an area of about five square
miles. It is surrounded by hills and doesn't
get the benefit of the rivers. In
consequence, with less smoke, fogs are
more frequent than in other parts of the
city. In this respect the East Liberty
valley in its conditions much resembled
London. "There in the chosen place ol
our city is the last place we will have to
fight smoke. I think the inventor who
comes forth with an invention for the im
provement of our domestic fireplaces will
get the biggest crumb."
John A. Brashear told of some investi
gations he had made in London when there,
at the request of the committee. The Lon
don grates, he found, are the worst con
stituted of any for smoke consumption.
"Laws," he said, "have been laid down for
perfect combustion. It is done in our
everyday work, and I think the fact that
we caunot get it into our fireplaces is a dis
grace to our American inventors."
Colonel W. A. Herron spoke of the good
results from the use of an automatic stoker
under boilers.
J. McGeary referred to the constrnction
of furnaces and various appliances to de
crease smoke.
Emil Swensson said that as to domestic
fires the use alternately of hard and soft
coal did away with smoke and was an eco
nomical fire.
Opposed to Gas.
It. If. Clark, secretary ot the society,
said that many people in the East End use
hard coal'aud gas coke in their furnaces.
There is no smoke and there is no cheaper
fuel in the world when properly used.
Mr. Cotton said the essential thing in
getting rid of smoke was a proper mixture
of air at a right temperature with the gases
as emitted. One important point, he said,
is that architects have not learned in mak
ing plans for buildings to leave proper
space lor boilers, leaving them to be erected
wherever they can be put alter the plans
have been completed.
Mr. Brashear, alter referring to the waste
of gas and coal as luel, suggested that tht-y
go to the source of all heat, the sun, and nn
ticinatc the years to come by utilizing its
heat, thus preparing lor the future, when
coal will be exhausted.
"When the discussion ended a motion was
adopted to approve the report, print it and
send copies to the Mayors and Councilmen
of Pittsburg and Allegheny.
The Smoke Committee's Report.
The report of the committee was compre
hensive and interesting, and its reading was
listened to with marked attention. The re
port says:
Your committee, appointed at the March
meeting of the society, have had neither the
time nor tlie opportunity to make a detailed
or experimental Investigation of tlio general
subject of smote abatement. We believe
wo have, however, obtained sufficient facts
directly bearinc on our local conditions to
show that there is in this respecta chance
tor considerable impiovement at the pres
ent time in Pittsburg and Alieneny. As
Hie subject is one or general lnteiesl, nnd ns
nil nennanent smoke abatement is depend
entonthe public demand for it, you Mill
probably pardon us foruivlnc some histori
cal and technical details with which most
of von are latnlllar.
It is a. matter of common remark that the
few years of comparative freedom trom coal
smoke due to the use of natural pas have
riven tbe people of this community a strong
desire to avoid the evil now menacing us
from the rapidly increasing consumption of
son coal. It is. therefore, not so surprising
that the English people of the fourteenth
centuiy should have enacted a law making
It a capital offense tq burn coal and pollute
the atmosphere within the precincts of
London.
Over three centuries were lcqulied to re
move the prejudice of the Knidlali people
against the use of soft coal. It Is related
tliat an ambassador at Paris, early in the
present century, sent out invitations for a
large party, but was astonished to Una that
none but gentlemen attended. The ladies
declined to come because they had heard
that His Lordship used English coal to warm
his house. Even at the present day In Paris
very little coal Is nsed, the price of gas coke
being kept M n9 to make it cheaper than
coal. The result is that while Paris even In
t-.iii- nnd forirv weather is well-liichted dur
ing the day, London, at noon. Is sometimes
shrouded in tho darkness of night.
What England lias Pone.
Xevertheless, during the present century.
England has done considerable to abate the
nuisance. In August, 185 Parliament passed
a bill "to abate the nuisance aiislngfrom
the smoke of furnaces in the metropolis and
from steam vessels abovo London Bridge."
This act applied only to London. It pro
vided for official Inspection under the au
thority of the Commissioner or Police.
As illustrating the great advantage of
placing the execution of such a law In the
tiroper bands, we may add that the Inspec
tor appointed under tnls act discharged his
duty with such zeal and efficiency tnat in
thewords of our English historian, "A clean
shirt, which formerly lasted only one day,
now lasts four days In good condition."
About a century ago ourown Franklin was
perhaps the best-known expert on smoke
production and prevention. Although his
writings deal more with 'smoky" than with
"smoklnE" chimnevs, yet he describes two
"smoke-consuming1' stoves designed br him
self. One was shaped like a vase placed on
a pedestal. It was completed In 1771 and sat.
lfactorily ued by him for three winters In
London and ono winter afterward in
AmflHpjL It Iintl a ilnimwnnl rlrnffc thrnuffh
I the grate and was practically smokeless.
iut ibaYiueiiiiy reqnireu&ll oApcrfc iowuuih
a lire In it without filling the room with
smoke. This difficulty led Franklin to de
sign another stove which, although not so
smokeless as the preceding, was more prac
tical and may contain the germ of future
smokeless stoves and fireplaces. It con
silted essentially of a cylindrical grato sus
pended In a fireplace and movable about on
hoiiznntal and vertical axes.
How Franklin Worked His Stove.
Franklin thus descrlDes Its use : ''In mak
ing tho first fire in a morning with tnls
grato there is nothing particular to bo ob
served. It is made as in other grates, the
coals being put In above, nfter taking out
the upper bar and replacing it when they
are in. The round figure of the flro when
thoroughly kindled is agieealile; it repre
sents the great giver of warmth to onr sys
tem. As it burns down and leaves a vacancy
above, which vou would fill with fresh coals.
the upper bar is to he taken out and after
ward replaced. The fresh coals, while the
grate contlnnes in the same position, will
thiow up as usual a body of thick smoke.
But everyone accustomed to coal fires
In common prates must have observed
that pieces of fresh coal stuck in below
among the red coals have their smoke so
heated as that it becomes flame as fast as it
is produced, which flame rises among the
coals and enlivens tho appearance of the
fire. Hero then is the use of this swivel
grate. By a push with your tongs or poker
you turn It over on its axis gently till it
again faces tho room, whereby all the fresh
coais will be lound under the live coals, and
the greater part ot the smoko arising iroin
fresh coals will in its passago through the
live ones be heated so as to be converted
in to a flume: whence you have mucn more
heat from them and your red coals are
longer preserved from consumption.
Since Franklin's time our manulnctnres
and population have grown enormoufly,
and witn them the un of coal and the pi o
duction 01 smoke. Yet until recently no
successful efforts appear to have been
made, on a lance scale, to abate the prodnc'!
tion 01 smoke witu its attendant, evm. um
cago and Cincinnati have passed ordinances
forbidding the emission or black smote ex
cept fro-ii dwellings. St. Louis is seriously
considering the question, but has as yec
taken no legal steps.
Due to tho Effort of Women.
The present agitation of the smoke ques
tion In Pittsburg is due to the Women's
nealth Protective Association of Allegheny
county in the hopo of that the benefits of u
comparatively unpolluted atmosphere en
joyed during the use o natural gas may not
be lost as that vnluaDle gilt of nature
disappears.
All commercial fuels contain the elements
carbon and hydrogen as essential constitu
ent?, and in addition others, chiefly min
eral, which enter only Indirectly into the
process of combustion, usually with the re
sult of retarding It- They lorra the ash of
the fuel, and hence are objectionable but
unavoidable portions or it.
Carbon is a solid. When it burns it be
comes incandescent and glows after tho
familiar manner or a charcoal or a coke fire,
and when the combustion is rapid and com
plete it does not yield any visible flame.
Hydrogen is a gns. It burns always with
a flame, absolutely free from smoke, bnt its
incandescence IS so so slight that in bright
daylight it is very difficult to see the flame
w hich, indeed, emits only a faint bluish
light in a darkened room.
It follows from the above statements that
the hydrogen Is the flame producing in
gredient ot fuels, while carbon is the incan
descent or light giving one. For practical
purposes, fuels may be divided into those
which burn with very little flame or smoke,
and those which burn chiefly with a flame
and which may emit mucn smoke. The
smokeless fuels are charcoal, coke and an
thracite coal; these contain very little hy
drogen and usually upward ol 80 per cent
of their weight is carbon. The flaming fuels
are wood, bituminous coal, petroleum,
pitch, natural gas, and all forms of oils and
fats, whether derived lrom fishes, animals,
or vegetables. In tliese the hydrogen may
range from 8 to 25 percent.
An Explanation of Combustion.
Combustion is a process of oxidation, and
consists in a chemical union between the
carbon and hydrogen of the fuel with the
oxygen of the air. Hydrogen and oxygen
unite to form water. Carbon may unite in two
proportions, forming two oxides called re
spectively carbon monoxide and carbon
dioxide. This latter is Oi ten called carbonic
acid, and represents the final result ot the
complete comuustion oi caruon. xneso pro
ducts are fixed gases, and, since at the
temperature of the flame, water can only
exist as steam, we may consiuerall the pro
ducts ot the complete combustion of a uel
as being invisible gases, whicli escape into
the atmosphere. A Jet of illuminating gat
burning in an apartment very nearly
realizes this condition. But the nydrogen
and cat Don of a fuel are not simply mixed
together; they are combined, forming a class
of compounds known as hydro-carbons, of
which natural gas aud petroleum nre
familiar examples.
Now, hydrogen ignites at a lower temper
ature than carbon. Moreover, being a gas it
mixes readily with the air, and hence is
more combustible than carbon. When a
hydro-carbon is heated to a tempeiature
considerably abovo a red heat it begins to
separate into gaseous hydiogen and solid
carbon, the chemical oxidation which con
sumes combustion cannot take pluce until
this preliminary separation begins. Sow it
will Lo seen that if the supply of air 4s
ample, both the hydrogen una carbon will
burn completely Into curbon dioxide and
water, and only odorless and invisible
pi oducts of combustion will result; but if
the air supply is not ample or,what amounts
to the same thing, ii the air is not nearly in
stantaneously mixed with the vapor ot the
hydro-carbon, then the hydrogen being
more combustible than the carbon wilt
take most ot the oxygen present aud leave
tho cat bon iu the lorm ot small particles,
which, while hot, radiate light, but winch
soon float outside the borders oi the flame,
cool down and appear as soot and smoke.
The Cause of Black smoke.
Improper supply of air is then the sole
cause of the production of black smoke.
But there is another kind, a light yellow
smoke which is produced from another
cause. If oil or fat is dropped on the top of
a stove which isbaiely led-hot, much light
white smoke will result, but there will be
uo flame and no combustion; this is because
the oil 1b vapoiized, or in technical lan
guage, suffers uestiuctive distillation. All
the elements or the oil are still present and
if alighted match Id applied to the column
of smoke it -will Ignite and burn with a
blight llame. feimllaily, when bituminous
co.tl is cnarged on the top of a Are it caunot
ull bo lieaied instantaneously, but portions
01 it will suffer destructive distillation as it
Krudually approaches a dead heat, and a
tnick yellow smoke will be given off iruui
all parts ot tbe freshly added luel where the
temperature Is not high enough to ignite it.
Tills yellow smoke consists mainly of
small globules ot oily ana tarry bodies,
which stive to coal smoke its adhesive and
jjrrasy character.
It we could always liave a flame Dlaying
over all portions of the ton ot a lire, and at
the same time an ample supply or hot air
thoroughly mixed with tho luel Kaes, there
wuulu never be any notable quuutlty of
either yellow or blacK tmoke passing up the
chimney. Theoretically the complete aboli
tion ol smoke can be secured by baving a
top flame and a top supply or hot air, but
Justheieis wheie the practical difficulties
uegin, lor However ample may ue me admis
sion of nir to the ashpit, and however well
cleared may be the sut aco ot the grate bars,
the passage of air tbiough four or Ave
inches of incandescent fuel completely de
prives it of free oxygen, so there is none
available to Ignite ti.o freshly charged coal.
Mixing the Air With the Oases.
But air admitted simply through slits in
the fire door, while helping to keep up a top
flame, yet being cold aud imperfectly dls
ributed, will chill some portions of the fuel
pases below the igniting point, and conse
quently Imperfect combustion, with the pro
duction of black smoke, will result. Hence,
an essential requirement or devices for
smoke-prevention Is: an ample, timely and
tuoiougu mixtuie of air witn the combust
ible gates distilling from tbe fuel.
Tbe style of lurnace known as tbe "regen
erative" Is the be.-t known plan for pie
beatlng the air which Is to be supplied to the
luel through tbe air door. It, nowever, is
notsuKed for boileis and for many other
applications of luel. The former are prob
auiy the greatest smoke producers in Pitts
burg ana JUlegueny anu are uauy Decornlng
more numerous, owing to the increasing use
or steam for elevators, beating, lighting and
power in buildings throughout these cities.
Much of their smoke Is due to badly con
ducted furnaces and to the fact that the
boiler capacity Is Insufficient to properly
fulrhltiiH duty required oi'tnein.
In order to preheat the top air before It
reaches the fuel gases it Is sometimes ad
mitted through openings In the brickwork
at tbe side or the nre, or through silts in tbe
lire bridge. This Is a partial remedy only,
because tbe air Is rarely sufficiently heated
or mixed thoroughly enougli with tbe dis
tilling products of the coal.
Boilers Most Not Be Crowded.
These are mechanical arrangements, more
or less complicated and costly, designed to
supply tbe fuel not Intermittently but con
stantly and to spuead It In thin layers over
the flre. There aro several very good
stokers noV on tho market which accom
plish the desired result with greater or less
sncofitL according as tbev aro permitted ta
feed the coal slowly or rapidly. If tbe teed-
ing is made slow enough tho suppression of
smoke may be theoretically complete. But
to feed slowly means that a boiler must not
be crowded. Hence the use of a mechanical
stoker and the suppression of smoke may
mean an Increase of the number of boilers
to do the work formerly done under hand
stoking with the generation of smoke.
Mechanical stokers are especially adapted
for large plants -where thoy can be no ar
ranged as to displace manual stoking.
Their cost will prevent their adoption in
many small plants, although here and else
where numbers have been applied to single
boilers. Where either vertical or horizontal
space is restricted, it Is sometimes Impossi
ble to apply mechanical stokers. Llko all
plans of successful firing, thev require in
telligent manipulation or they will smoke
and give trouble. Pittsburg coal, in the
form of nut or slack, is well adapted for au
tomatic stokers. Ono of their advantages is
that an Interior luel can be successfully
burned by them.
There are in use a number of devices by
which jets of steam are arranged to force
currents or air above or below the Are. Thoy
iio simply In construction, inexpensive in
first cost and repairs, require very little
space and can be readily applied to existing
iurnace). The best of them even when slack
is used can reduce to an almost lnvlslblo
vapor. In less than half a minute, dense
black smoke from a boiler.
The Use of Steam Jets.
Oneof the most varied and suecesoful ap
plications or steam jets may be seen at a
Well-known mill in this city. After several
years of use of natuial sas, the ow ners were
lorced to return to coal. They found, how
ever, that with coal their boilers would not
supply a sufficient steam. Accordingly they
concluded to try steam jets to increase com
bustion, and evaporation. After some ex
perimenting they finally adopted n Jet some
what of the Bunsen burner type, which is
rtnw in successful op- ration on two batteries
of flue boilers the jots being placed above
the tire doors aud immediately below the
boilers. The fluel is slack, aud yet almost
no smoke is visible, even during heavy
firing. The same firm have also applied to
IS puddling aud 4 heating furnaces steam
jets ot a different design. In these
the ashpit is mude tight and the steam and
air enter belcw the mutes. These turnaces
are or tho U3ual type, except that special
openings arc made fur air above the fit e and
through the bridge wall. When the Are
doors are closed no black smoke is visible
while the steam jets are In opeiatlon. The
smoke appears above the stack whenever
the fire Unur is opened, but disappears im
mediately on closing the door. Each pud
dling furnace has two jets or steam and each
hCHtlng lurnace five Jets, all about one
tenth of au inch in diameter, Nut coal can
now be used In the heating turnaces and
slack in the puddling furnaces, whereas
lump was used formerly in both. The Jets
have been in use lor nearly a J ear, nnd the
mill owners state that they have not injured
the boilers, nor the turnaces, nor the iron,
but have Saved monev bvreducinir the Quan
tity and quality o, the iuel required. Un
fortunately tli3 steam Jet makes a great
noise. This is not very objectionable in a
rolling mill or machine shop, but will prob
ably pie von t its Introduction into office
buildings, where othci wise it might be use
lul. Objections to Lima OIL
Lima oil Is at present used in various
kinds of furnaces, being fed into the com
bustion chambers by means of air under
considerable pressuie. It makes an easily
regulated, smokeless Are, but has not re
ceived much application in Pittsburg owing
toils cost being equal to or greater than
coal. Its disagreeable odor is also an ob
jectionable feature. Electricity is prouo-ed
tor heating purposes, but at present it finds
little or no application here.
Every city has its peculiar needs and
activities which must be recognized in at
tempting to apply to it general results appli
cable elsewhere. Of no city Is till- more true
than of Pittsburg, with its varied industries,
its natural resources and enormous produc
tion. Hitherto smoke has been the blacken
sign of the ceaseless warfare carried on here
with the lorces and materials of nature.
It is estimated that belore tho introduc
tion of natural gas Pittsburg consumed
about 10,1100 tons of coal daily and that the
present consumption is about 7.000 tons. In
Pittsburg and Allegheny about 25.000 houses
are still supplied with natural gas, amount
ing to sever.il hundreds ot millions of cubic
leet daily, and probably representing more
than halt the present coal consumption.
If, tbereiore, our skies are darkened now,
what may we expect when tho present
almost smokeless natural gas fires become
smoke producers? Our finest residence dis
trict, the East End, will especially suffer by
the change. Already, on ing to the peculiar
topography of Pittsburg, and in spite of the
special smoke ordinance recently passed,
tho East End Is often covered by clouds of
smoke, mostly pi oduced in the lower parts
or the city. Ol tho 10,000 houses probably
ocoupying the district, it is estimated that
four-fifths ubo natural gas at present.
Black Prospect for the Future.
Were the latter to return to coal and the
manufactories to their former smoke emis
sion, we can readily imagine tho increased
blackness of the skies. Allegheny would
likewise suffer, though possibly to a less ex
tent. We must confess that up to the pres
ent time, outside of coke or a gaseous fuel,
there has appeared uo practical solution ot
tho smoke pioblom In dwellings, although
with a return to sott coal thoy will increase
the quantity of smoke as the city grows.
Steam boilers are probably ttie principal
cause oi smo&e in me city, hug mere ap
pears to be no reason why they should not
Uo rendered almost bmokeless except lor a
few minutes dully. As many arc put in
buildings erected in the heart of the city,
where their fires emit dense volumes ot
smoko, because uo adequate provision has
bean made by the architects or builders for
proper stoking apparatus, furnaces or flues,
wo believe that building Inspectors should
in the future be Instructed to see tliat the
needs ot smokeless combustion have been
attended to, at least in so lar as sufficient
flue and furnace space are concerned.
Locomotives and steamboats are lm-
Sortant smoke producers here. The latter
avo turnaces which can be treated like
those ol ordinary stationary boilers. Hence
their smoke can be abated readily.
What Can Be Done.
We cannot hope to Iree our citv from all
tbe smoke now poured from stacks and
chimneys. But it is within tbe range of
present possibilities to abate the greater
part of tbe nuisance. To this end we would
lecommend that the Women's Health Pro
tective Association or some similar organ
ization continue their efforts toward smoke
prevention by educating the community in
its principles and advocating the use of
smokeless fuels in dwellings, and the best
stokers or other devices in manufactures
and steam plants; that our City Councils
should pass an oidinunco lor tbe abatement
of tho smoke nuisance, insisting on the ab
sence of dense smoke from stationary,
steamboat arid locomotive boilers, except
when fires are started, but recognizing tbe
necessities of puddling and other luinaces
which require a small excess of carbon for
Eloper working; that one of the duties of
ulldlng inspectors or of persons appointed
for the purpose should be to see that newly
elected buildings have properly designed
flue and turnaces with particular reference
to ecocomlcal combustion and the non-emission
of smoke.
Horses and Mules.
Seventy-five head or draught and general
purpose horses Just arrived at the Arnheim
Live Stock Companv, Limited. Stable, Bi
Second avenue, Pittsburg, Pa.
Among the lot are seveial matched teams
of draught horses, weighing from 1,4S0 to
1,700 pounds eacn; some extra good road
sters and coach teams and Canada cobs.
Anyone wishing to purchase a horse should
not fail and call, ns the Arnheim Live Stock
Companv, Limited, guarantees to sell better
quality lor !es money than any other deal
eis in Pennsylvania.
Their mule yards are filled with 100 head
of choice mules, from the smallest pit to
the heavy draught mule. Coal and coke
operators, please give them a call.
Captain Andrews In England.
A dispatch from London announces tho
arrival there of Captain William A.Andrews
with his little dory, the Supollo, In which he
recently crossed the ocean from Atlantlo
City. K. J., to Huelva, Spain. The captain in
tends to exhibit his boat through the streets
of London. He has crossed the ocean three
times in tbe smallest boats that ever made
the passage. The Sapolio is only 11 leet 6
Inches in length, with a breadth of Deain of
only 5 leet 5 inches. Her depth is less than
3 leet.
Special Notice.
We'have Just opend up a largo line of din
ner sets, ccamber sets, bric-a-brac, etc., di
rect from leading potteries of Europe, which
we are offering to the trade at very low
prices In connection with our flre sale,
which Is now going on. Now Is your chance
to ony your Christmas presents cheap. All
goods first-class. T. G. Evaks & Co.,
Market and Third avenue.
Take Tour Flck
Of any suit or overcoat in our entire grand
stock on Thursday for $16. Walt for Thurs
day. P. C C. C, cor. Grant and Diamond
streets.
The best way to olean your laon curtain
Is to take them to Plelfei's.
Tel. I US Smlthfleld street.
MCS 100 Federal street, Allegheny.
1261 ItlS Carson street, Southslde.
Coim.ro line of men's winter underwear
at James H. Aiken A Co.'s, 100 fifth avenue.
The Genuine Imported Carlsbad
Sprudel Salt
is of great benefit in temporary and
habitual constipation, liver and kid
ney diseases, chronic catarrh of the
stomach and bowels, rheumatism,
gout, etc., and should be used in the
morning before breakfast. Obtain
the genuine article, imported in
round bottles. Write for pamphlet.
Eisner & Mendelson Co., New York,
w
&
FIRST FLOOR
Customers like good light to
buy Cloaks. We have the best,
and have it on the first floor.
However, that is a small mat
ter. We also have the goods.
Our prices have made a big
business, and we want your
trade to keep this big business
going, and we know how to
get it. Good goods and low
prices will do it
125 genuine Clay Diagonal
Tailor-made Jackets the kind
you have been paying $15 for.
Our price only
9.7
100 extra fine Box Reefers,
in blue, black and tan, with
pearl buttons and fine finish, at
$10.
75 Mixed Cheviot Jackets,
regular $7.50 grade, our price
5.
We have one rack of broken
sizes of Ladies' and Children's
Long Wraps. The price has
been $3 to $15. We are clos
ing them at
75c to $5.
Children's Long Wraps, 4
to 1 2-year sizess,
$2.50 to $25.
Misses' Wraps, 12 to 18
year sizes,
$3,50 to $35.
Infants' Wraps, long and
short,
$1.25 to $15.
Successors to John P. Knable
& Co.,
35 FIFTH AVENUE.
noli-MW
Tt
"And ye sail walk In silk attire
Aud siller hae to spare."
Susanna Blamlre.
Solid
Sterling
Silver
Bridal Gifts.
No end to our variety of items in
solid silverware. From the smallest
of saltcellars to the largest bowl or
dish. Our silver stock includes them
all. See these suggestions of the
larger silver pieces:
Bowls, Berry Sets,
Platters, Ice Cream Sets,
Steak Dishes, Tea Services,
Cake Dishes, Coffee Services,
Vegetable Dishes, Fruit Dishes,
Etc., Etc, Etc., Etc.
Then perhaps the most useful and
handsome of all gifts in solid silver
are
Oak Silver Chests.
They make a splendid gift for the
family to give. Something that will
give tone to the new household and
will stay in the family for generations.
&
i
529 SMITHFIELD STREET.
' noU-xir
ABLE
COO
CLOAK
fill
mm
GO
lY
HAY
KEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
B.&;B.
A Great Chance for
HANDSOME
VELVETS
When every lady wants them.
An importer wanted money
and he sold us a case LYONS
SILK FACE CHANGEA
BLE or PRISMATIC VEL
VETS, in 20 Evening and
Fancy Shades, real value $2.50,
and bought away down so we
can sell at
$1.50 a Yard.
Elegant line LYONS SILK
FACE VELVETS, in Plain
and Changeable, in fifty differ
ent combinations and Plain
Colors Evening shades to
Darkest shades and ultra
shades in Greens and Olives
from lightest tint of Yellow
Green to richest Emerald and
Myrtles,
$2.50 a Yard.
Our Velvet Department makes'
a specialty of odd and ultra
shades, so that almost any com
bination or color can be matched.
Three large lots PLAIN
SILK FACE VELVETS all
colors and extra good ones, 19
inches wide,
75a $1 and $1.25.
All-Silk Colored Velvets and
Black All-Silk Velvets an un
usually large collection, and
sold for less money than you
pay generally you see for
yourself.
New BLACK SILK CRYS
TAL VELOUR VELVETS
for sleeves and millinery pur
poses four qualities,
$1.50, $2, $2.50 & $3.50.
ALLEGHENY.
nolG-47
Economical
Practical and
Dainty Dishes
BY use or
Liebig
COMPANY'S
Extract of Beef.
Send a postal for the Company's
Cook Bqok to Dauchey & Co.,
27 Park Place, New York.
THE GENUINE
Lie! Coijany's. Extract
lias Justus YonUeblg's
signature across the
label In bine.
BE SURE THAT YOU GET IT.
Fiftf learsjettles It
CONSUMPTION
CAN BE CURED."
If Dr. Schenck's treatment and cure of
Consumption were something new anil un
tried, people micht doubt: but what has
proved Itself throush a trial as old as onr
grandfathers, means Jnst what it U
A Specific for Consumption
nmlforall diseases of the Lungs. No treat
ment in the world can place as many per
manent cures of Consumption to Iti credit as
Dr. Schenck's. Nothing- in Nature acts 50 di
rectlv and effectively on the luntr membranes
and tiaues,am1 so quickly dliposos of tuber
cles, congestion, inflammation. colds,coaghs
and all the seeds ot Consumption as
Dr. Schenck's Pulmonic Syrup
When all else fails It comes to the rescue. Not
until it fails, aud only after faithful trial,
should any one despond. It has brought tne
hopeless to Hie and health. It lias turned the
despair of ten thousand homes in to Joy. It is
dolne It no w.I t will continue to do it through
out the aces. Dr. Aeftenefc' Practical Treatite
on Ooitumption, lAver and S.'omach Diseases
moiled free lo all ajmlieants. Or. J. H. Schenck
&8on, PhUadelohia, Pa. no9 60-MWT
ACTUAL RESULTS
Show DISPATCH adlets to be
BOGGS & BUHL,
most profitable
Try them
to
adYertiaera
NEW ADVERTISE3EENTS.
mo LniRfliniJuiLrii
SPECIAL SALE
THIS WEEK!
See Our Window Display.
LADIES' HOSIERY:
Ladies' Seamless Balbriggan Hose, i2jc, 15c, 18c, 22c, 25c,
35C 38c, 45c, 56c and upward.
Ladies' Black Cotton Hose, 10c, i2jc 15c. 18c 20c, 25c; 35c,
38c, 40c, 45c, 50c, 56c, 75c, 88c and upward.
Ladies'. Black Onyx Hose, with white feet, 40c, 50c and up
ward. Ladies' Black Lisle Hose, 38c, 50c, 56c, 63c, 75c and upward
Ladies' Black Silk Hose, 75c, 88c, $1, $1.25, $1.50, $2.
Ladies' Fancy Cotton Hose, i2c, 15c, 18c, 20a 25c, 35c 38c,
40c 50c and upward.
Ladies' Fancy Lisle Hose, 40c, 44c, 50c, 56c, 63c, 75c and up
ward. Ladies' fine Fancy Silk Hose, $r, $1.50 and upward.
Ladies' Fleece-lined Balbriggan Hose, 20c, 25c 35c, 40c, 50a
Ladies' Black Cotton Fleece-lined Hose, 25c, 35c, 40c, 50c and
upward.
Ladies' Woolen Hose, 25c, 35c, 40c, 50c and upward.
Ladies' Cashmere Hose, 40c, 50c, 63c, 65c, 68c, 75c, $1 and
upward.
GENTLEMEN'S HOSIERY:
Gentlemen's Brown and Gray Mixed Cotton Half Hose, seam
less, IOC
Gentlemen's English Cotton Half Hose, seamless, gussetted,
worth 20c, at i2c.
Gentlemen's Slater Cotton Half Hose, I2c, 18c, 25c per pair.
Gentlemen's Fancy Cotton Half Hose, seamless, 15c, 25c,
35. 50
Gentlemen's fine Lisle Half Hose, 35c, 50c and upward.
Gentlemen's Gray Mixed Woolen Hose, 20c.
Gentlemen's Natural Wool Half Hose, 25c, 35c and upward.
Gentlemen's Camel's Hair Half Hose, 25c, 35c and upward.
Gentlemen's Black Wool Half Hose, 25c, 35c and upward.
Gentlemen's Blue Mixed Woolen Half Hose, 35c
Gentlemen's Merino Half Hose, 25c, 35c, 40c, socand upward. .
Gentlemen's Cashmere Half Hose, 35c 40c, 50c, 75c and up
ward. CHILDREN'S COTTON HOSIERY:
Children's Black Ribbed Cotton Hose, seamless, all sizes, i2a
Children's Black Cotton Hose, guaranteed stainless, at 18c.
Children's Black Ribbed Cotton Hose, double knees, double
heels and double soles, the best stocking for school wear
ever sold in this city. Price per pair 25c
Children's Black Ribbed Cotton Hose, extra long, guaranteed
stainless, all-sizes. 38 c.
Children's Onyx Black Ribbed Hose, double knees, guaranteed
stainless; from 35c to 75c
CHILDREN'S WOOLEN HOSIERY:
Children's Black Ribbed Wool Hose, all sizes from 5 to 8 j; our regular
25c quality at 20c.
Several numbers extra quality All-Wool Hose, sizes from 5 to oj, at 25c.
Black Cashmere Hose 1 and 1 ribbed, seamless, double knees, all sizes,
at 35c
Children's Heavy Black Cashmere Hose, fashioned, all sizes, 35c
Black Cashmere Bicycle Hose, extra heavy, extra long, at 40c
Extra heavy Black Cashmere Hose, very serviceable, at 50c
Children's Genuine English Black Ribbed Cashmere Hose, 4 threads, spliced
knees and heels; worth 75 c. We sell them as an advertisement only
at 50c.
Children's Medium-Weight English Ribbed Black Cashmere Hose, all
sizes, at 50c
Black Hose, positively fast dye, guaranteed all wool, at 40c and 50c
Extra fine Black Cashmere Hose, 35c, 40c and 50c, according to size.
Children's English Black Cashmere Hose, spliced knees, at 50c, 55c and
60c, according to size.
Misses' Ribbed Black Cashmere Hose, spliced knees, 50c, 60c, 70c and
80c, according to size.
Misses' Black Silk Hose from 1 to $1.75, according to size.
INFANTS' HOSIERY:
Infants' Black Cotton Socks, 25c.
Infants' Black Cotton Three-Fourth Hose, 38c.
Infants' Black Cashmere Three-Fourth Hose, 380,500,560 and upw'd.
Infants' Black Cashmere Hose, 18c, 25c, 40c and upward.
Infants' White Cashmere Hose, 38c, 50c, 56c and upward.
How to Make One Pair of Stockings Wear as Long as Five.
The advent of our "STANDARD KNEE PROTECTORS" will be ap.
predated by parents. That something of the kind is needed has long been
admitted, and there have been many attempts to fill this want, but all made
hitherto have been so clumsy and unsightly that their use has been -very
limited. THESE KNEE PROTECTORS are made of strong and durable
Jersey Cloth or Leather; are adjusted to the knee in a simple manner, and
fit so perfectly that the above objection to their use is entirely obviated.
ddipfs- i Stockinette Knee Protectors, 25c a Pair.
HHibts. J Leather KneB protectors, 38c a Pair.
FLEISHMAN & CO.,
504, 506 and 508 Market Street.
JiMail Orders Promptly Attended to.
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