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18
CHASED By HORSES,
Thrilling Adyentnre
Leopard Hunter on
Plains of Thibet.
of
the
a
LED OK BY A FINE STAG,
He Bode Into the Power of a Herd of
.Wild Eashmire Steeds.
THEN CAME A EACE FOR LIFE.
A. Rnmltr of the Animals Shot
Turing the Fearful Kide.
lead
BATED BY A GOOD AIM AT THE LEADER
fWTUTTEV FOB THE PISPATCII.S
There are tome kinds of sport about which
the world of hunters and game stalkers are
still in blissful ignorance, and which is
seasoned with a dash of danger. I know
this by experience. The time was August,
1889, and the place was the southern border
of Little Thibet, just where the silver Indus
winds around the base of the Himalayas,
whose shining tops are lifted beyond the
clouds like towering crystal monuments set
to mark the boundary between the blissful
Tales of Cashmere and that territory known
to geographers as Chinese Toilet, the
mystic laud whose secrets are yet forbidden
to European eyes by the magnificent
despotism of its priesthood.
Ten years before my adventure I had
traveled extensively in Khorasan, portions
of Afghanistan and alons the southern
boundarv of Independent Tartary as the
purchasing agent of a Philadelphia firm of
morocco leather manufacturers. A few
years previous to mv adventure on the In
dus I was placed in a financial position to
gratify my desire to renew my acquaintance
with my old friends in Khorasan. At that
time I was in Calcutta. Au intimate friend,
Mr. Alexander Salski, of Tiflis, suggested
that I go overland with him, passing
through Punjaub, thence to Cashmere,
and on over into Caboose and on up to
Hero.
A Ilnnt for Forty Days.
I almost instantly accented the proposal,
although I was aware that I would be com
plied to separate from Salski at Jelalabad
aml pursue the most difficult, lonesome
iind dangerous part of the journey with
only my hired attendants to accompanyme.
But I accomplished the journey, occupying
nearly a vear in doing so, and having no
more thrilling adventure than a brush with
Afghan robbers in a Paropomisan pass just
outside the villaue of Dhurgan. It was
while waiting at Srinagar, that splendid
city of the old JIaharajas, that we made the
acquaintance ot Captain Haliwell Sajrre, of
Her Majesty's Thirty-seventh, and Colonel
Sir Joseph Captall. the latter being tne
Government's representative at Srinagar
irom juarcn to .November. We had six
weeks before us to get over the Himalayas
in our wav to Jelalabad, and knowing thi,
'antain Haliwell suggested that a hunting
trty to Ladak be organized, the trip to
cupv 40 days. 3Ir. Salski was at ihis
me Eufleriug Irom an intense vertigo, the
csult ot the extreme altitude, 6,000 feet
bove the tea level, and I was left alone to
present our partv.
"Splendid spot, Jlr. Eaton," said Sir
oseph the night before we started lor
.jinagar, "some of the finest shooting over
in Ladak that is to be found in the world,
oil of which, thank God sir. is owing to the
lact that jour persevering Yankee country
men haven't put in any "ilectric light
plants or started locomotives whistling
down the banks of the Indus to frighten off
the game. Last year I brought down a
Thibetan sta, sir, that had as much fire in
his e cs as any dying leopard I ever saw.
And, by the way, sir, there are some mighty
prettv leopard skin loot rues running
through those Ladak foot hills."
Off for the Land or 3Ij stery.
Our party as we filed out of Srinagar, the
capital city of the Seven Bridges, on August
N
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tTE MADE A PICTURESQUE PARTT.
2, 'fi9. consisted of Sir Joseph, Captain
Haliu ell and myself, six pack horses and
their drivers, three body servants, and lour
mountaineers to act as guides and men of
all work. There never was a more pictur
esque party. On one of the pack horses
there were heavy iur overcoats for use in
passing through" the Zoji-lapass, with its
.snow-paved roads, at an altitude of 13,500
cet
The Koshniiris from the mountains whom
Sir Joseph had secured as euides were
Bturdv fellows with legs bound in gaudy
woolen rags to protect them In traveling,
abey looked for all the world like comic
opera banditta, though they were -not quite
go garrulous as that class of citizens.
Until we reached the Zoji-la pass we
spent the nights in Cashmere huts along
the main road to Ladak, but after that the
gaudily-striped touts of the Kashmir were
the only coverings we knew. The trip
through the pass, which occupied two days
and a half, was cot half as bad as I had
anticipated, the,vicw of the sweeping val
leys on the northern slope of the Hima
lajas, and the magnificent expanse of roll
in'" countrv beyond the Indus, as I stood
one afternoon looking over it from a spur
ot the El-Kobigan, repaid me for all the
trouble and vexations I had endured in the
three days previous.
Settled In a Stucco Bungalow.
In 14 days from the time we left Srinagar
we were comfortably installed in the low,
rambling stone and stucco bungalow, inn,
lesidence, or whatever you may choose to
call it, of a composite xaclal curiosity
named Lo Singh Mong, a very grave and
reticent man with a bad eye and a gorgeous
tunic. He was accustomed to harboring
such caravans as ours.
The morning following our arrival, leav
ing evervthing but two pack horses and
three mountaineers with our, friend, the
Caravansarv keeper, we started for the
hunting grounds westward on the penin
sula which is lormed by the junction of the
Indus and its northe branch. The first
three hours' ride was f
a rolling plain with hi
Jungle along thetiTer
most part over
'here a dense
"licit doped J
upward on the southside into the foothills
ot the Himalayas. Thirty miles from Lu
the road disappeared and we found our
selves following a mere bridle path through
a light growth of timber which debouched
into a wide prairie-lika plain sown with
long grass and bordered to the north and
east by a sort of low chapparal, while to thb
south the Indus wound its shining length
leaving the entire west unbroken by tree
or shrub as far as we could see to the hori
zon's edge.
I cannot imagine a more beautiful scene
than was presented to me that midsummer
morning. The wide plain sown with wild
flowers, the silver line of the Indus to the
left, and beyond it the magnificent heights
and distances of the mighty Himalayas.
Traces of Leopards and Stass.
'We camped at a point about a mile from
the eastern edge, while the guides, who had
been joined at Lu by three well mounted
halt-Tartar Kasmiris from that place, went
pouuding away toward a clump of timber in
the north to see if there were any traces 'of
leopards. They were absent fully three
hours, and announced on their return that
they had found traces of both leopards and
stags, but they advised that the hunt be
postponed uutil daylight, in the belief that
the game would be more readily sur
prised. Onr supper that evening was a very un
pleasant one. It was merely a cold snack
N,
VflTH A SNORT OF TERROE SHE BURST FORWARD AGAIN.
of maize cakes and dried meat, for under
instructions Irom our guides we neither
kindled a fire nor spread our tents. We
slept on the earth with the tent cloth under
us and our skin overcoats thrown over us
in lieu of blankets. A tremendous dew fell
that nisht, and by morning the tent cloth
was as wet as if it had been dipped in the
Indus.
The pale crescent of the moon was just
touching the western edge of the plain
when the guides shook us gently and urged
us to hurry into our saddles. Before we
got our feet in the stirrups there were long
shafts of pearly light leaping up from the
woods to our Tear, telling us that the day
was at hand. Half an hour later, with the
full glory of the sun silvering the summits
of the mountains, we three, Sir Joseph,
Captain Haliuell and myself, were in the
shadow of the forest.
Lying In Walt for Leopards.
And it was at this point that the incident
which led up to my adventure began. Act
ing under the instructions of the leadine
guide I took my position within the forest
about 300 yards from the edge ot the plain.
Sir Joseph, I noticed, was led away to the
eastj while Captain Haliwell was led still
further Irom where I was stationed. The
scheme, as explained, was to wait there till
the leopards came creeping out on their
way to the river to lie and wait for ante
lopes and other four-footed game which
passed on the way to drink.
I was left absolutely alone in the silence
of the forest, and despite mv surroundings
I soon grew deadlv tired. My horse, a bay
mare, small, but with slender legs, clean
cut head and good shoulders, was tied a
little distance away, for even our poor
brutes were to be used as a decoy for the
wily leopards.
Three hours and more must have passed
when through the trees to my right, too far
awav for a shot, I saw a splendid Thibetan
stag go i sailing past like a meteor. In an
instant I forgot the caution of the guide
and leaping into the saddle I broke through
the cover and out into the plain with the
wild hope of getting a shot at the flyiug
beauty. The .stag made directly for the
river and with my knees pressing tightly
the sides of my bay mare I rushed headlong
and heedlessly alter. "With wonderful rap
idity he drew away from me, although I
pounded along hoping for something to oc
cur to stop his flight long enough forme to
get a shot.
A Surprise in the Rear.
I had gone half the distance toward the
river, a good two miles at least, when see
ing that it was useless to maintain the chase
I gave it up, reined in my mare and turned
her head toward the distant lorest line.
At that instant I detected some moving fig
ures between me and the border of trees.
I was surprised at their number, a dozen or
more, perhaps, but I threw my bridle rein
on the neck of the bay and let her walk to
recover her wind. It" was fortunate that I
did so; it saved my life.
At the end of 15 minutes my mare, which
had been walking slowly with her nose to
ward the ground, raised her head and gave
a quick snort of alarm, at the same time
pitching her small ears forward and plant
ing her forefeet firmly on the ground. The
moving spots were much nearer now and I
made them out to be a troop of horses.
"Ob, for a lasso," was my mental com
ment. Suddenly, a kind of shiver seized
my mare; she trembled in every limb, but
stood as till as a rock. The troop of horses
paused abruptly almost at the same instant
with their heads held high in the air and
looking in my direction. There -were a few
impatient tossings of the head and mane
and then the whole herd, spreading out like
a fan, came toward me. I had heard often
ot the wild horses of Thibet, -the sturdy
little brutes, which various zoologists bare 1
THE
tried to idenliy as the progenita of the
modern domestic horse.
A Pretty Sight at the Start
I was intensely interested in their ma
neuvers, not dreaming that they were at all
harmful or dangerous. On they came,
though, in a gallop, the leader, a gray
stallion larger than his companions, halting
every few moments to toss 'his head and
sniff the air.
They had approached within a quarter of
mile of where I sat on the bay mare, which
trembling in every limb, had stood like a
bronze casting with eyes and ears pointed
toward the herd, when before I could
check her the mare with a snort of terror
wheeled with a violence that nearly un
seated me and set off at a frenzied break
neck pace toward the river. In'vain did I
saw at the hide lines of the rnde Kashmir
bit, but I might just as well hare tried to
check a locomotive with a clothes line.
On, on, with the fresh free a'r whistling
past me the mare bounded as if the fiend
incarnate was at her heels. After awhile
I let her have her war and settled down for
a long race, or until she tired herself com
pletely out. Then I thought ot looking be
hind me. It took my breath, Jbr there, less
than an eighth ot a mile away was the herd
of wild horses dashing along with mane and
tails streaming. For the first time I recalled
some stories I had heard of adventures with
wild horses, and it flashed over me with
r
almost sickening force that I was being
hunted bv the fierce, untamed Thibetan
horse, and that to be overtaken meant deaih
for me and my mare by being trampled to a
pulp on the plain.
Shooting Into the Flying Horses.
I never thought and schemed so hard and
fast as I did in the next ten minutes. I
gave my mare up for lost instantly; the
question was how to save myself. My plans
were lormed with almost marvelous rapid
ity. About a mile ahead, and as I judge, a
quarter of a mile this side of the tree-bordered
river, stood a white beech tree with
low branches. If.I could reach that tree I
was saved. I seized the bridle reins and by
dint of great exertion I swung my frenzied
mare's head toward it But as I did so the
thunderous beat of the hoofs ot the flying
herd came to me for the first'time. I turned
and saw that they were not "00 yards dis
tant Almost mechanically, by the pure in
stinct of self-preservation, I raised my
Parker rifle ana, aiming as best I could,. I
fired three shots into the mass ot flowing
manes and streaming tails. There was wild
confusion, halt a dozen horses seemed to be
tangled up on the ground, and .then the
gray stallion, followed by four others, broke
lro'fl the mass and came'tcaring after me.
Half a mile to the tree now. Again did
the thunder of the feet of the enraged stal
lions sound with awful distinctness in mv
ears. As I turned to fire again I saw that
two horses were struggling in the distance
to rise from the ground while the rest ot the
herd were strung out in the wake of the
gray leader and his four attendants. Again
did I fire, four times, aiming every time
for the gray fiend which led the pursuit;
three horses stumbled and fell and two
others went pitching on them, but the gray
was unhurt
The Death of the Leader.
The psce of the bay mare was slackening
noticeably. Fear, frenzy and exhaustion
from her "mad pace were showing on her.
The birch tree was less than an eighth of an
mile away, thouglu Suddenly a snort of
terror burst from the little mare; she gave a
wild leap forward and then as she settled
down to a fresh wild burst of speed I half
turned to my lett to encounter the blazing
eyes and tossing forelock and mane of the
gray stallion almost at mr elbow. It was
done in an instant so Quickly that I can only
recall this part of the adventure as a sort of
nigntmare action; there was a quick aim
straight for a spot between those two blaz
ing eyes, a flash, and the gray stallion
plunged torward on his knees and rolled
over as my mare dashed ahead with un
packed speed.
I reached the tree after seeing that the
rest of the herd had halted and were cir
cling around their prostrate leader. The
little mare seemed to realize this and stood
trembling with the sweat rolling from her
in a perfect rain. Beaching the lowest
branch I clambered into the tree and pre
pared for a siege.
Took to Flight Under Fire.
I did not wait for the enemy to begin the
attack. Through an opening in the foliage
I took rather shaky aim, I confess, and
within two minutes two more of the wild
stallions were lying beside the gray. It
was too much for the remaining half-dozen
of the herd, and alter a few circlings and
.whinneys the survivors dashed off to the
west, and in half an hour were nothing but
moving dots the size of pinbeads on the
horizon.
We rested, lhe sturdy little mare and my
self, for two hours and then rode back to
camp. She took the bit in her teeth when
I tried to ride her up beside the dead ani
mals and not only "refused to approaoh near
them but made a detour of half a mile to
avoid them, and I was powerless to control
her. Those Kashraire horses were bred
from this wild stock originally, but genera
tions of domestication have filled them
with terror lor tueir untamed kindred.
J. Selfeidge Eaton.
The Pavement of the Future
H. L. Weber expresses his conviction
that the vitrified paving brick is the nearest
approach hitherto made to the ideal pave
ment for city streets. It is not as dusty ai
asphalt, which in this respect is highly
objectionable. Brick pavement, too, is
practically as smooth as asphalt and will
retain an even surface, which no other
pavement does so satisfactorily as brick. It
is easily repaired, and when it is necessary
to take it up for the purpose ot tapping or
repairing the sewerj, water or gas pipes, or
ior any other purpose, the work can be
done by ordinary workmen, while a limited
number only ot skilled and high-priced
workmen can repair asphalt pavement and
only, moreover, in certain kind of weather.
It has been truly said that "the best pave
ment is the one most easily repaired."
New Method of Gun Adjustment
A fact which is not generally known out
side of sporting circles is that a gunner who
seeks to do the best work he is capable of,
requires to be measured tor his gun in the
same way as he would be for hit suit of
clothes. To facilitate this operation a new
adjustable gun has been devised. The bend
and ,cast-off ot the gun are adjusted by
means of screws,.
Fon that "out o' sort! feeling"
Take Brotno-Seltzer-lOo a bottle.'
PATCH.
rz
THE PEOPLls'S PALACE.
A Noble Institution That Is Shedding
Light Into Darkest London.
ENJOYING ITS ART AND MUSIC.
Whltechapel'a Fallen Humanity Loolcs Up
ward to a letter Life.
A SATURDAY RIGHT IN THE SLUMS
I W KITTEN FOB TlIK DISPATCIt.1
Forty years ago Hawthorn traversed the
'streets of Loudon with a keen eye to the
civic grandeur of the great city. Like the
American of to-day he revelled in sights
that recalled his historic and literary asso
ciations. He felt the thrill that is known
only to Americans as he trod the streets
whose names were familiar to him in Eng
lish letters. He gloried in the imposing
palaces' of West End, and then, in an evil
moment for his peace of mind, he found his
way to the unsavory East
No words can picture a scene more abso
lutely hopeless than is his view of human
ity in this now widely known district Of
one group of unfortunate children he ex
claims: If there be a spark ot God's lire in their
souls, the only possible modo of keeping it
aglow is that ovoiy one of them should be
drowned to-night by their best friends.
Much sin and misery exist in East Lon
don to-day, but it is doubtful if Mr. Haw
thorne would take so hopeless a view of
the situation now as he did when he wrote
those despairing words. The pain which
he felt on beholding the wretchedness of
those on whom the sins of the fathers bad
been so heavily visited has been felt by
others, and has at last been transmuted into
an active force, and is now month by
month being more wisely directed toward
the bettering of their condition.
Whltcchapel on a Saturday Night
Many times as I rode through White
chapel and Mile End on a recent Saturday
evening his words recurred, and the wish
arose that he might be cheered by simply
reading, in passing, the names of the
countless philanthropists on this one thor
oughfare, whose purpose is to brighten the
lives and strengthen the good purposes of
those who dnell round them.
The evening was clear and pleasantly
cool. Over our heads the stars were shin
ing, but this serene light was quite inef
ficient ior the vast human throng that
surged ip and down, out and in that unique
avenue, with ceaseless activity. The crowd
was so dense on either side, the faces so
weird in the flickering torchlight by which
various salesmen sought attention to their
wares, that at times the stream of humanity
assumed the likeness of some huge writhing
Sight Hon. J. O. Gotchcn.
monster, and a second thought was neces
sary to realize that within each form there
existed a complete individuality more or
less intense.
As often as I passed a cross street I fol
lowed with my eyes the overflowing throng
that seemed struggling toward the main
thoroughfare. Whitechapel is a wide
street and on the broad spaces between the
sidewalk and carriage driveway various
market people had set up their booths.
The variety merchant was making his dis
play of wares attractive. Within the en
closure of large screens various games of
skill were in progress, and there were many
indications that Saturday evening was the
festival hour of the week.
Tec-to-tnms and Salvation Army.
The Tee-to-tum clubs were open and as
far as I could see from the carriage were en
tertaining quite as many people as their
limited space permitted. The Salvation
Army shelters afiorcl their usual warm hos
pitality, the churches and mission rooms
were lighted, and still the street processions
and circles seemed to know neither diminu
tion nor rest
The women of this locality show the lines
of care, hardship and degradation more
plainly and more uniformly than do the
men. There were many evidences of the
drinking habit, and alas, many evidences of
ill-usage. Some faces seemed fairly bat
tered from their encounters with the storms
of life. But whatever they were, they were
not down-trodden, at least, in their own es
timation. I did not see a woman that
looked in any way crushed or discouraged.
Most countenances expressed a sturdy de
termination to meet the experiences of life
bravely and to get from them as full a
measure of happiness as possible.
My objective point was the picture exhi
bitio'n at tne People's Palace, and I rode
through the broad, busy, well-lighted street
with as strong a sense of safety and as little
thought of Jack the Hipper as if I had been
driving out Fifth avenue in Pittsburg.
A Feep Into the Fcople's Palace.
A previous morning visit to this beautiful
edifice that so cordially welcomes "all sorts
and conditions of meu" to assemble beneath
its vast roof, had acquainted me with some
thing of its purposes and possibilities. I
bad visited its large library; had seen scores
ot men availing themselves of access to the
numberless trades journals and the valuable
bonks which it contains. I had seen the
natatonum in which the luxury of swim
ming baths can be enjoyed; had seen its
various technical schools, in which there
are at present more than 5,000 pupils learn
ing various trades. And I had enjoyed a
dinner in its refreshment room.
To-night I was, for the first time, to see
Queen's Hall, one of the most beautiful
audienoe rooms in London. I was to see
the winter garden, of which descriptions
had given me but a vague idea, and I
was to see the people for whom this great
beneficence had arisen. A great journalist
says:
The People's Palace provides a place
where people of all classes and conditions
can congregate, and gives them opportuni
ties to associate themselves together, and
learning tile hardly-remembered truth that
they are "members ono of another." The
chat with a stranger who belongs to another
class, or who follows nnother trade, or who
holds otlior opinions, maybe far below the
best intercourse possible to men, but It is
thionch suclvchats that men reach the com
mon Immunity which lies underneath all
differences, and they may give the first im
pulse toward taking an interest in subjects
which have hitherto been too big for their
small homes or narrow circles. In tho
yneen's Hall, in tho rotunda, in the dining
saloons, in the smoklns lounges, and in tho
rooms put aside for social lnteicoursennd
meetings of friendly and other socle ties, men
unite to promote the causes they cara for,
and as they work or take pleasure together,
learn the trust which "sets loose the Divlno
In man.
c'oschen's Conception oftho'objeet
East London had previously no center of
learning where its multitudes could be
trained. Apart from the churches and
other places of religious training men and
women who desired a higher mental culture
could gain little help, and now. in th e
words ot the Bight Hon. G. J. Goschen,
the founders ot the People' Palace lay to
the people
Our objeot Is to introduce! xou to wider
PITTSBUKG-
I fiH
SUNXAT. NOVEMBER
Holds of thought and to open np vistas of
other worlds, whence refreshing and brae
ing breezes will stream upon jour minds
and souls.
Meantime I have paid my three-penny
entrance fee, have been thoughtfully warned
by the official who received it to look to my
purse, have ascended the broad stone steps
and am standing at last under the vaulted
roof of Queen's Hall. The breadth of the
vast room is broken to-night by a central
wall or partition, rising to a height of 10
or 12 feet, the purpose of which is to dis
play the pictures which have been loaned
for this annual exhibition. Above this,
however, and around on all sides the view
is unobstructed it you look over the heads
of the people.
Over the entrance, and opposite the great
organ, upon which some master in now play
ing, is a collossal statue of Her Majesty,
Queen Victoria. This, however, is not the
entire reason why this fine room is called
Queen's Hall. Above the galleries, at in
tervals defined by the windows, are statues
of 22 Queens.
The sides and central partitions of this
vast hall, and also the walls of several
smaller rooms, are covered with paintings.
The larger portion of them are repreenta
tive of the modern school of art. and not a
few are paintings that have hung on the
Avails of the Boval Acndemy during the
present year, there are a few oil paint
ings; one rare pUce of coloring by Titian is
receiving its due meed of attention, if one
may judge by the groups who are constantly
standing before it
The Peoplo'g Appreciation ot Art.
During my slow progress around the hall
I came upon a ballot box and learned from
its guardians that one may vote for his
favorite picture. Due inquiry developed
the fact that of the three favorite pictures
of the past week two were scriptural, and
the third a swprd exercise. I go at once to
see them, hoping in this way to gain some
indication ot the trend of prevailing senti
ment "Christ Healing the Sick" is a sub
ject appealing to the tenderest of human
sympathies in this or in any assembly. If
there is an additional note of pathos in the
leeling.that holds this quiet circle around
it to-night the reasons lie in the
greater need of the promised heal
ing. The second picture is one
representing that tragic flight into
a strange country that took place nearly 19
centuries ago. Overhead the stars are
glittering in. the Egyptian sky. Far away
the pyramids rear their sharp outlines to a
point hieii above the broad plain. And in
the foreground Mary with the Christ-child
on her bosom, and "Joseph beside her, is
fleeing from the wickedness of man to she
knows not what There is, however, in
finite trut in her sweet young face, and
with the baby in her arras there is every
reason why the picture should be a favorite
one. The third, the sword exercise, fully
explains itself. Nothing but a genuine
encounter at fisticuffs could be more popu
lar in a British (or American) assembly.
I passed a large portion ot the evening in
the picture gallery. The people were all
clean, which is saying, much in Loudon,
and comfortably dressed, and many of them
seemed trying to make an intelligent study
of the works of art before them. The ap
parent good teeling and the auiet behavior
of the visitors n ere all that could be desired.
I did not bear au undignified expression or
see a coarse look, which, considering the
presence of a few examples of the "nude in
art," might possibly have been expected.
Listening to the Music.
Later, I walked through the winter gar
den, seated myself at a refreshment table
and listened to the playing of the band in
the gallerj above my head. Here smoking
was permitted, to the delight of the mascu
line element And throughout the length
of this spacious room quiet groups of
young men and maidens, husbands and
wives, and also ot men and
women in separate circles, were talking or
listening, and certainly were gaming some
thing in the way ot social life and aesthetic
enjoyment quite impracticable in their own
homes.
Beholding all this, I find it easy to be
lieve that the encouragement of social
unity, high thought and pure pleasure are
tne reasonable hope of the founders of the
People's Palace, and that here the lonely,
the ignorant and the joyless may come and
find delights beyond their previous expecta
tion. This beautiful center, .with all that it im
plies, is but a finger pointing in the direc
tion of a brighter future for the unfortunate,
and a warmer sense of brotherhood that
shall bind together the interests of all
classes. Its beneficence is not by any
means confined to the poor. Like mercy,
it is twice blessed, and the prosperous peo
ple of this great city are at least learning
that "the whole world must be cleansed be
fore one man or woman of us all can be
clean."
A Great Work for Good.
I did realize, as I left the cheerful hall
for the crowded street, that a genuine bond
of brotherhood had been established here,
and, as I passed again through the restless
throngs of Mile End and Whitechapel, it
seemed not only possible but probable that
by the multiplication ot such centers the
whole mass might become leavened; that
higher ideals and more hopeful conditions
for the industrial people, and a kindlier
spirit of brotherhood among all classes,
might soon prevail.
There is a faith so strong that it often
goes far toward creating that in which it
believes. And the trustees of the People's
Palace have drawn generously on this sub
stance ot things hoped tor in their appeal
to the public. "We appeal," they sav, "to
the rich and all who can give (however
little) for the money without which these
plans and hopes can never be realized; to
both the leisured and workers for time and
for pe.sonal assistance; to those who have
talent ior making music, or the gift ot a
beautiful voice, for service; to those who
believe in the great teacher art, for
sympathy, and the loan of their objects of
beauty or interest; and to all those who
love the people, and look for their emancipation-
from the thralldom of loneliness,
ignorance, or dullnes, for help in various
ways in the various undertakings of the
Eeople's Palace."
' Adele M. Gareigues.
A HOVELTT IN CLOCKS.
It Tolls tho Time by Means or the Weight
of a Burning Candle.
A candlestick, a lighted candle and a
transparent dial-plate have been united in
to the clover novelty of a useful night
clock. Upon the burning candle devolves
the rotation of the hand which indicates the
hour. The sectional cut shows the mechan
ism of the contrivance. The candle rests
in a cylinder oa a round disk supported by
a spring, which, as the candle burns lower,
pushes it upward, drawing along a. small
chain which at one end is fastened to the
hand of the clock. This chain runs in the
groove of a pulley attached to the lower
part of the apparatus. The dial oan be
turned by hand,, and before going to bed the
band is placed opposite the hour of retir
ing. As the candle burns lower and lower,
it pnlls the hand on the dial mechanically
which, illuminated in the rear bv the burn
ing light, shows the hour until 'day break.
The candles of course are made of a corres.
ponding sire.
13, 1891"
HOW. BERLIN IS RUN.
The Government Paternal to the Ex
treme but Results Are Good.
POLICEMEN ARE LIKE PEACOCKS
And the Eye of the law is on Everyone as
It Is in llussia.
A LAW THAT CATCHES TEE DEBTORS
COERISrONDEKCE Or THE DISFATCn.
Berlijt, Nov. 2.
EBLIN is enlarging its
boundaries, and subur
ban towns are to be
; taken into the city
within a short time
which will give it a
population of more
than 3,000,000. This
will make it the second
city in the world, for
Paris has less than
2,500,000, and New
$? gether counted up by
the last census only
2,250,000. Berlin has grown like a green
bay tree since the Franco-Prussian war,and
there is no city in the United States which
has increased so fast in population.
There is no place in the world where you
will find such a uniformity of good build
ings. The houses are of vast size and you
can drive for miles and miles through
broad well-paved streets, which are
walled with three, four and five
story houses, all substantially built and all
looking clean and new. The most of these
houses are of brick, coved with stucco, and
it is only in the old parts ot the city that you
find any monstrosities in architecture. Ber
lin is the best managed city in the world,
and its city fathers regulate the stvle of the
buildings which shall be put up. You can't
build a dog kennel without showing a de
sign of it at the city hall, and no man can
put up a signboard on his own house until
he has shown a diagram of it and has gotten
the permission of the Government
The Sidewalks Are for Pedestrians.
In building the house you are not allowed
to litter the street with your bricks and
mortar, and all the materials for building
must be kept inside of the lot You have to
fence off the street while the building
is going on, and when your house has
reached the height of the second-story you
must build a roof out over the sidewalk to
prevent the bricis or mortar falling on
those passing below. The building is done
much better than with us and much more
economically. Nearly all the mortar is
mixed at one place, and there is a mortar
company here which sells the mortar ready
mixed to the builders, and which carries it
about in iron wagons and delivers it just
where it is needed,
I don't know how much New York runs
behind every year, but there is scarcely a
city of the United States which is not stead
ily increasing its debt Consul General Ed
wards tells me that Berlin makes a profit'of
5,000,000 marks every year over all of ber
expenses, or of 51,250.000. The city owns
two-thirds of the gas stock and it sees that
its people have good light There are gas
lamps on the corners of every street and the
Eosts are of a tasteful pattern. Each post
as tour burners and the lamps are so aided
by reflectors Irom above that their power is
doubled. The posts are higher than ours
and 1 note that some of them hare Argand
burners. Thh gas stock is very valuable
and the gas company furnishes private
houses as well as the city.
The City's Insurance Department.
It is the same with fire insurance. The
city insures its own buildings, and it is
against the law for another insurance com
pany to give out policies on buildings. The
city, in the first place, sees that the build
ings are properly put up and that the pro
tection against fire is of the best character,
and it then makes every man take out au
insurance policy to prevent loss in case of
fire. The insurance stock is good and the
city, of course, makes money by it The
only other insurance companies of Berlin
are those of life insurance and those whic.i
insure personal property. You can have
your furniture insured by a private com
pany, but the police are likely to step in
here and see that you don't overinsure it,
and all foreign insurance companies have to
own enough city bonds to guarantee any
losses which their subscribers might sus
tain. The Equitable, the New York Life
and other American companies have offices
A Snap Shot in the Streets.
here, and they do quite a large business.
They decidedly object to this emulation as
to the investment of a part of their funds,
but they can't help themselves.
The streets are well kept Berlin is fust
becoming a city of asphalt, and you can
drop .your handkerchief almost anywhere
and pick it up without soiling it. The
city takes care of its own sewers and it has
a number of farms on its Outskirts over
which these street sweepings are scattered
by the paupers of the city. The senerage
is pumped out of the sewers onto the farms,
and through this the land has become the
most fertile in Germany. A large part of
the cleaning ot tne streets is done by boys,
who get something like 25 cents a day and
who are at work on every block gathering
up the dirt as it falls, and on a wet day
scrubbing off the streets with rubber brooms
or a sort of rubber hose. The civil service
rules obtain even as to these boys and their
wages are raised alter they have' been work
ing on the streets for three years.
How the Advertiidns Is Managed.
The buildings are kept as clean as the
streets and every man has to wash down his
house about so often, and it is against the
law to put up bill boards or to paste posters
on the houses. When Buflalo Bill was here
he-was almost crazy because he could not
get any place to plaster up his big posters,
and the only arrangement by which posters
can be put up is in connection with round
sheet iron tubes which are on the corners
of the streets and which are about 15 feet
high and of the diameter of a hogshead.
These are especially for the pasting of bills.
Thev are not unsightly and on them you
find the theater advertisements and busi
ness posters.
Within the last few months the Urania
Company have been putting up advertising
pillars all over the citv altera plan which
lorms perhaps the best advertising scheme
in existence. These pillars are about 15
feet hieh and they are bv no means unorna-
mental. They are as big around as, a flour1
barrel, but are- octagonal in snape, anatney
are the most valuable guide that any city can
hart. They ar connected with the ob-
miiliC Tic
l,SftTfe7Ri
AMIS aim
verratorv- of the city land there U a clock
on each of them that auways gives the cor
rect time. Above the
i clock there is a star
showing the points of
lie compass, ueiow
ibe which moves by
this star there is a cl
machinery and which t
Kits you the positions
of the stars Irom day t
stands the clock, which
in different sides of the
day. iiesiae tms
fcas lour round disks
iillar. One of these
elves the time at Berli
Another gives
the world time and a thi
shows how the
earth stands in the solar system from day
to day. Below this, with shades throwing
an electric light upon tnem at night, are
places ior advertisements, which are in
frames under glass. These revolve every
minute and mfxed nn wi"th the advertise
ments are tables of information about the
city, time tables, etc.
The Police Put on Airs.
Speaking of the German police, they put
on more airs and are far more obnoxious to
strangers than the policemen of St Peters
burg. The Berlinese re said to have been
very modest and unassuming before the
Germans whipped the French, but since
then their conceit has grown immeasurably.
and a German soldier or a German police
man struts around with more airs than a
village drum major. It is the boast of the
Government here that it knows every night
jrist where every one of its subjects sleeps,
and the moment you arrive at a hotel you
are asked for your name, yourplacs of resi
dence, your profession, and this is forward
ed by the hotel keeper to the police. If you
take'a lodging in the city outside of a hotel
you are asked for you passport, and if you
A Policeman of Berlin.
stav any time in the city an investigation
will be begun of your antecedents and your
biography thus gathered will be filed aw3y
here.
"I was surprised," said an American now
living in Berlin, "to find how much the
police know. Alter I had lived in my house
three months I got a notice to come and pay
my taxes, and I went to the tax office. I
was asked whit my name was and where I
lived and they found me in a moment, and
one of the clerks pulled out a book and
said: 'Yes, Mr. Blank, you came to Berlin
August 1 and registered at the Central
Hotel. You staved there a week, when you
went to a pension on Friedrichs strasse and
stayed there two weeks. Then you went
back to the Hotel 'Central, and it 'was' just
three months ago that you took your pres
ent rooms, paying 150 marks for them.' I
was thunderstruck at what the man knew,
but he had everything right, and he had
gotten the amount of my rent from the
landlord, which had been turned in accord
ing to law. They tax you here on your in
come by looking at your style of living. It
is generally estimated that a man spends
one-third of his income for house rent, and
as I paid 150 marks lor rent they estimated
that I made 450 marks a month."
Tho Kaiser Bans Berlin.
You are not in Berlin long before von find
that the Emperor runs the city. The sol
diers of his army are more dictatorial and
offensive in their manners than those of Rus
sia. Germany is supposed to have a tree
press, but a correspondent cannot write any
thing against the Kaiser here any more
than he could against the Czar in St Peters
burg. He may have one or two letters pub
lijned, but as soon as they get back to Ger
many he will be invited to leave the coun
try. I heard to-day of an instance in which
a Knssian wrote something about the Sultan
and the Czar which was not pleasing to the
Germans. He was told to leave Berlin and
be had to go. It is important to have a
passport on yon here in Germany, espe
cially if you are moving about in places
that are at all questionable. There was a
man arrested for murder here not long ago.
His' arrest was unjust and unwarrantable
and be tried to get damages, but the courts
said he could have none because he didn't
happen to have his passport with him at the
time he was arrested.
Speaking of the Kaiser, there is a good
deal ot the politician about his nature and
he is alwars coddlin? the working classes.
and he tries to make capital with them as
much as. a bnncombe Congressman does
with his constituents. It is not many
months since by his orders Berlin got new
Sunday laws and the stores are now only
open from 10 A. M. until 12, whereas tney
used to be open all day long. Now only
the cigar stores and the eating establish
ments are open, and though the servants
and laborers have a rest the people are dis
gusted. A great many familicshere have
been accustomed to buying their Sunday
dinners from cook shops or of getting parts
of them, such as the ice cream and the
roasts, from such places. Now they have
to make them themselves or order them on
Saturday.
The Sunday Closing Law.
The closing is a good thing, for in the
past the clerks had to work in nearly all
the stores until 10 o'clock at night anil in
the factories the laborers were forced to
put in Sunday morniues in the cleaning of
machinery. The police now enforce the
closing of the stores and the people, though
they growl, submit
You can't hire a servant cirl here in Ber
lin without going to the police, and you
have to make out two statements whenever
you hire a servant One of these state
ments is for your landlord and the other is
fof the police. They describe the girl just
as a passport does, giving ber age, size and
the color of her eyes and hair. You have
to state where she came from and when she
leaves you Have to send iu another state
ment saying she has gone. If you say she
is a good girl and honest and the reverse is
true and jihe eoes somewhere else and shows
herself to be a thief you are liable to be
fined for giving her a false recommenda
tion. This is the same with all sorts ot
servants, and a dishonest person cannot get
a place here under false pretenses, nor can
a roan here easily escape the payment of
his debts. One of the curious institutions
of the city is an intelligence office, as it
might be called, where records of these
passports are kept and where you can go
and find one just where anv man or woman
is stopping. If John Smith, who owes you
a bill, moves to another part of Berlin to
escape you, yon have only to go to this office
and by paying a few cents you will get are
port which will tell vou just where he has
lived in, the city and where you may find
him at present
Toxsk G. Carfenteb,
TotT cannot deny facts, and it is a fact that
Salvation Oil la the greatest pain cure. 2io
DR. Sitoxbt's Angottura Bitters, Indorsed
oy physicians for purity.
i .1
wHfPm
I II 1
FAT'S USE AS A FOOD.
Liebig's Theory That, It Was Con
sumed by the Lungs DisproTed.
BACON IN A SOLDIER'S RATIONS.
Professor Tirchow's Ideas as to the Train
in? of the Youthful Hind.
NEW THINGS IN APPLIED SCIENCE
rwnrrTET roa tub dispatch.1
Llebig taught that fat split up in the
body, and that the free carbon combined
with the oxygen taken in in respiration
to produce carbonic acid, and that it was
by the act of respiratory combustion that
the body heat was maintained. Fatty
foods were hence considered necessary aa
heat producers. Recent investigations,
however, show that though fat is split up
and combined with oxygen in the produc
tion of heat, especially during mucular ex
ercise, the process iseffected in the tissue
by the action of the cells, and not in ths
lungs as formerly taught
The use of the fat is now regarded u
threefold, L To maintain the body heat
In cold latitudes, where the body is subject
to rapid cooling, fatty foods become a ne
cessity, so that the carbon may be easily
supplied ior combination with oxygen in
consumption. Hence the Greenlander con
sumes large quantities of blubber and oiL
2. To produce force. As muscular tissHa
is only produced at the cost of oxidation in
the tissues, fat is rapidly burned ofl during
exercise. If absent, the tissues themselves
would be wasted. 3. To prevent the use of
albumen. A purely albuminous diet is ex
tremely wasteful. It has been proved ex
perimentally that a small amount of meat
food taken in combination with bread and
fat suffices to maintain the albuminous
structures of the body better than an ex
clusively lean meat diet
Fat stored in the body as adipose tissue
is a bank on which the body may draw for
supplies of energy and heat when required.
It is stated- that in the Franco-German war
of 1870 the German Emperor, acting on the
strongly expressed opinion ot Ebstein that
muscular fatigue could best besupported on
fat, gave orders that each soldier shonld
have served out to him 250 grammes of fat
bacon. It is also a well-known fact that fat
animals bear privation of food better than
thin ones.
A Mechanical 31athematlclan.
An attempt has been made in a new me
chanical calculator to provide a means of
saving time for contractors, engineers,
machinists, surveyors and accountants in
fact, for all who have occasion to solve
numerical problems. This device is a kind
of slide rule, which has, however, all its
figures in a single plane. It consists of a
wooden base, about nine inches square,and a
quarter ot au inch thick, bound with nickel
plated metaL Within a circle eight inches
in diameter are a series of circular scales on
the face of two metal plates, the inner
plate revolving on a central hub. The in
ner circle is provided with two nickel
plated knobs, by which it is revolved, while
on the under side of the board is a metal
point by which the revolving of the outer
plate of the table or disk is facilitated.
Pivoted at the center is a lens which mag
nifies the finer lines. The base of the frame
of the lens forms a notched edge to bring
the required figures into line. A remova
ble thumb screw regulates the set of the
frame. The inner set of scales, called the
slide, is on a white ground, and the outer
set, called a rule, is on a green ground.
Problems are set and their solution effected
by bringing a mark of value that is on the
scale of one part to a line with a mark or
value on the scale of the- other part, the rev
olution of the slide within the rule render
ing this possible. The inventor claims that
the device shows at a glance the squares,
cubes and the reciprocals of any numbers,
obtains proportions, directly and inversely,
also roots and powers, and when used in
conjunction with tables of natural sines,
tangents, etc., effects the solution of trig
onometrical equations.
The Training of Students.
The eminent authority, Profi Virchow, la'
an address in Berlin, has called into ques
tion the study of grammar as a means of
progressive development in schools. He
recommends rather mathematics, philoso
phy and the natural sciences, which give so
firm an intellectual preparation to youths
that they can easily make themselves at
home in any department of learning sub
sequently undertaken. No schoolboy, he
said, will be the worse for being able to
name and distinguish a certain number ot
plants, animals and stones,, and the essen
tial discipline should consist in the train
ing of the senses, especially those of sight
and touch. Dr. Virchow says that a largo
number of pupils have no exact knowledgo
of color, make false statements about the
forms of things they see, and show no un
derstanding for the consistency of bodies
and for the nature of their surfaces. Ho
advocates the general teaching of simple
drawing and painting, than which nothing
is better calculated to develop accuracy t
juuuicut fei;uruju color anu lorm.
Gaaging the Quality or Air.
An instrument has been invented by
which the degree of impurity which may
exist in the air of any room or place can be
determined easily and accurately. This in
vention involves a modification of Mr.
Aitken's invention for counting the dust
particles held in snspension in the air, both
of them being based on the Ascertained fact
that a particle of dust at a certain tempera
ture and degree of moisture in the atmos
phere becomes a free surface, which attracts
the moisture and thus turns into a cloud
particle. By passing a jet of steam through
a tube containing air impregnated with
dust, colors varying from a delicate green
to deep blue ara developed. Each of these
tints indicates the relative degree in which
the air is impregnated with dust particles.
Porpotnal Indicator.
A useful time indicator for business and
professional men has been patented. It it
fixed on the outside of the door in the usual
way, bnt the face is covered with glass, and
the hands are moved by means ot a hollow
tube running through the door. The face
of the indicator is made like a clock face,
with hour and minute hands. In addition
to this there is a slot where additional or
special instructions, such, for instance, as
"Out ot town," "Is within," "Is engaged,"
can be displayed.
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