"DRY OH ROGUE,
e Maa Without a Becord
Who .Made Himself a
National Character.
S WHOLE LIFE A LIE.
the Prestige of Bank Invented a
Birthplace for Himselfi
ICK WITH THE BRIGADIERS
Became the Medium for Their Dealings
With General Hayes.
DNIFORH CAUSED MS DOWNFALL
iiWEinrs ron the dispatch.)
is story of a rogue has never been told.
rogue was never discovered to the
iral public. Skilled in the art of de
ion, he made a great place for himself
at one time was a historical figure at
national capital. He had much
gination, a fair address and a good
aory. He .was not satisfied with his
tion in life nor his own history. By
force of will and his powers of
gination he crca ted for himself a new
tion, based entirely upon ialsehood,
through his adroitness he reached a
idential position under the Government
was accredited abroad with letters of
highest officials, so that the most ex
ie circles of Europe were open to him.
he other day I saw him, broken, gray
worn, on one of the back streets of
shington. He is now in the last stages
ivalidism and has been under treatment
The End of the Rogue.
some time iu the Government insane
pitaL As he is now harmless and beyond
ability to deceive any one, it will not
necessary to give his full name. It will
enough to call him "the Colonel" He
always known as the Colonel, even in
most brilliaut days although he had
er served in any army and had never
snielled gunpowder.
le Bamboozled the War Department.
"hrougb. mere force of assumption he
le the grave and dienified War Depart-
ntcrant bim the honors due to a full
lone! of the regular army, and it was
ough the Adjutant General of the United
ites Army that the Colonel was intro
ccd in England to Lord Wolseley as an
cer of rank and consideration in the
ticeofthe War Department. 'This suc
.stul adventurer plaved a great part in
r liistorv during the eventful winter of
'C and lbi, the jear of the Tilden-Hayes
ipute. At one time the Colonel was ab
utely the arbiter ot the situation, and
hi iii his hand all the threads of those
licate negotiations which were carried on
ween the managers of the Republican
rtv in the iforth and the political leaders
the South.
t aw the Colonel at short range during a
ruber of years and was an eyewitness
some of the principal phases of
' caieer. I sat at the same table with him
the hotel where he stopped when he first
lie to Washington and received at various
nes enough of his confidence to keep me
11 informed concerning his career. After
trd, when he became so successful, I he
me sufficiently interested to make an in
stigation and" learn the exact truth of his
il hidturv.
He came to Washington early in the
nter 01187G as a newspaper correspondent
nreenting a daily newspaper in the city
'ew Orleans. The Colonel was then in
e neighborhood of 43 years of age. There
is nothing particularly striking about his
pearance; there was nothing to suggest
e military character that he afterward so
Il played. He was a small, undersized
in with a slight stoop and a rheumatic
up.
A Distinguished Looking Face.
His face, however, was rather disingnished
oking. His head was large, his foretiead
is very tun aua broad; his iron gray hair
is cut verv short; his color was good; his
es nere very dark brown and most per-
asive in their expression; his nose was a
lall aquiline: a slight gray mustache
aded his mouth. In front of each ear
as a small dab of English whiskers. The
iloncl came to Washington unknown and
iheralded. He seemed chiefly remarka-
e in the early days forhis ability to adapt
meelf to every situation. He had not
en in Washington more than a month
hen he adopted the most careful and pre-
se dress ot what he called 'le haut
onde." He discarded the soft black hat
the South lor the stiff high hat of the
orth and East. He attached himself very
on to the Louisiana Lottery Company,
id s-o had a larger income to'gratify his
.stcs, which were extremely social.
2fo one eier saw the Colonel drunk. He
as very careful and abstemious in hishab-
s. He devoted almost his entire attention
Washington sooiety. He made as many
ills as the wife of a cabinet officer. In the
isy-goiug society of Washington any one
ho is well dressed and deports himself
ith decorum and dignity can go very near-
,- where he likes. The Colonel had evi-
ently never found so inviting a field. He
ttached himself to the diplomats by telling
icra remarkable stories of his power and
lfluence in the South. He made many
-lends cmong the Southern men because he
'presented a Southern paper, and when
ith them he was the most unreconstructed
bel living. The wife of the Spanish Jlin-
;tcr was please! with his formal politeness
ml attention, and honored him at nearly
very entertainment with her special favor.
ll.Uaia Brilliant Imitator.
It was during this winter that the Colonel
lecided the role he was to play. He saw
lie attention given to officers in society at
.Vnshinzton and decided at once that he
hould become an officer. As he was then
laving the role of being an extreme South
rn gentleman, he could begin by being
othlng less than an ex-Confederate officer.
o ape was ever more imitative. He studied
he wavs of the Southern Brigadier and the
notation was so perfect that I never heard
SoJth;rn gentlemen at that time dispute
lie ventv of bis assumption of being an ex
onledcrate. The Colonel had a fine liter
rv mind and such powers of imagination
'ist if he had applied his talents in the
irection of literature alone he certainly
ould have made a name for himself. He
I read ut all of the histories of the war, de
j tails of each noted battle, and there was no
real veteran who could anord to dispute
with him concerning these same details.
Ills descriptions of engagements in which
he participated were so much more dramatic
and so much more true to life that the real
veterans blushed and
sat back when the
Colonel had the floor.
It must be remembered that this artist
never was in the South in his life till after
the War of the Rebellion. He' had never
had a real uniform on his back, not eyen
that of a militia company, up to the day he
set up in Washington the role of an ex-Confederate,
which he played with such skill
and such address that noted"ex-Confederate
Generals referred to him in disputes concern
ing strategic points involved in the South
ern campaigns. The Colonel, instead of
coming from a military family, was the son
of a Presbyterian divine and was born and
brought up in Peru, Ind. He received at
the hands ofihis father a good education and
afterward studied law. His father was too
poor, however, to do more than launch him
in the world, and the Colonel after vainlv
seeking to make a place for himself in the
legal profession in the village of Harrods
burg, Ky., drifted South after the war as
an adventurer eager to seize upon the first
opportunity to better his fortunes.
Invented a Pedigree for HImielf.
The Colonel was at first content to play
the role sloiply of an ex-Confederate, but
he was so often asked about his family that
he saw It would be necessary to invent
another chapter in his history. In the
South everybody is known, and a fictitious
family would be only too soon discovered.
The Colonel by a bold stroke transferred
his birthplace from this countrv to Paris.
He built up in that country a thoroughly
consistent story, which was accepted by all
of his Confederate friends as tier would
the gospel. In this beautiful story, which
he carefully compiled, the Colonel was
formerly a petted officer at the Imperial
court, where his mother was a maid of
honor to the Empress Eugenie, The Colonel
himself was a Graduate of the great military
school of St. Cyr. The Coionel also served
as a military" attache in the Austrian
German campaign of '66, and was slightly
wounded in his right leg. This accounted
for his l'mp. The Colonel could not speak
over a halt dozen words of French, and this
would have instantly stamped him as an
impostor, but in the easy going society of
Washington no one cared very much
whether the Colonel was what he said he
was or not The Colonel might have mar
ried almost anyone of the great matches of
the day in Washington if he had been free,
but earlier in his career in New Orleans he
had married. There he had a wife and two
children which he never mentioned, but
some of his friends living iu that town
knew her and made known to their Southern
associates iu Washington that the Colonel
was married.
During his second winter the Colonel set
up as a mentor to various sons of high
officials who came to Washington from
what the Colonel called the provinces.
This polished graduate of the society of
Peru, Ind., instructed all these youug peo
ple as to the ins and outs of high society,
lleei en purchased the clothes lor a small
army of youngsters who looked up to the
Colonel as the glass of fashion. He was
also a great authority on duels. He had
fought at least six, and had left his man on
the cround twice. In the last four cases
he had grown weary of blood, and gave
back the lives of the men who met him on
the field of honor.
Tho Cause or One Woman's Dpatb.
There was something so artistic about the
Colonel, such an absence ot swagger and
such an apparent reluctance to talk about
himself that lew ever dreamed of disput
ing anything he said. He told his stories
modestly and with such a minutenssa of de
tail that it was inconceivable to the aver
age mind that his inventions were mere
fantastic lies. He became a final authority
on social matters as well as military. Iu
his posing as a hero he captured the heart
of the wife ot a ery distinguished official.
Her devotion to this little insignificant man
was one ot the most inexplicable and no
torious facts in Washington society at that
time. Her death soon alterwards can be
directly traced to ber unfortunate attach
ment for this colossal humbug.
The Colonel reached the pinnacle in his
success in the early period of the Hayes ad
ministration. His great stroke was made
when the, deal was made with Mr. Hayes
whereby the Southern people were given
their State governments in the three dis
puted States in the South in return for their
yielding their claims on the Presidental
count This alone made the Electoral Com
mission compromise possible.
The Colonel had by this time so allied
himself to the strongest men in the South
and had to such an extent even the confi
dence of Mr. Lamar, now Justice of the
Supreme Court, that he was able to go to
Mr. Murat Halstead in Cincinnati, who was
then a spokesman lor Mr. Hayc, as the
fully accredited representative ot the South
ern Brigadiers. Then he went to Mr.
Hayes at Columbus.
He Took In Sir. Hares Completely.
To what extent Mr. Hayes gave him his
confidence can be judged "only by the fact
that the Colonel went'back to the Southern
Brigadiers the accredited representative of
Mr. Haves. Of course he had no docu
mentary credentials, but from the conver
sation had with him then he was able to
prove that he was in active communication
with the future President. Everything
now was easy. He would return to Mr.
Hayes as the representative of the South
ern people, and then in the shortest possi
ble time would return to them again as the
agent of Mr. Hayes. In this way he played
a most important part Neither side dis
credited him, and when the agreement was
actually made in Wormley's Hotel by Mr.
Foster with the Southern leaders to de
liver to them their State Governments, un
doubtedly the Colonel is to be credited with
the preliminary work which led up to this
meeting and agreement
.Up to this time his deceptions had harmed
no one. I do not think underneath the
Colonel was a man of bad propensities.
Within a very short time after Mr. Hayes'
inauguration the Colonel was appointed to
one of the best civilian appointments in the
War Department Here, it he had been
quiet and content with the good fortune
thus far secured, he might have remained
undisturbed until the end of his life. But
his actually being in the service of the War
Department revived all of his military fic
tions and he sought at once the right to "wear
the uniform ot an officer of the United
States army. He now went to the Governor
of Louisiana and through his newspaper
connections obtained a staff appointment
The Colonel then went to work and had a
uniform devised, copied after one of the
most brilliant in the Austrian army. He
appeared in it upon manv public occasions
and in so doing'excited the attention of an
army officer, Colonel Bacon, then a member
of the slafl of General Sherman, but the
Colonel captured lolly the regard and es
teem of Townsend, the Adjutant General of
the army.
The Favored Onest of Lord Ttolseley.
It was about this time that the Colonel
had the happiest period of his romantic ca
reer. He had obtained a leave ot absence
of two months from the War Department,
and, armed with a letter of introduction
frdhi the Adjutant General of the United t
Tlie Rogue in Conference With Hayeu
THE
States, went to Europe, taking with him in
his trunk this special uniform which he
had made, and whioh was covered with
more gold lace and braid than any uniform
ever made before or since. He found noth
ing in his pathway in Europe; he was
accredited to Lord Wolseley, the actual
Commander in Chief of the British army,
and was his guest at the annual maneuvers
at Wimbledon. A personal friend of mine
saw him one day in full militarv rig, seated
at the right hand of Lord Wolseley, his
most honored guest, and heard afterward
compliment alter compliment from English
officers who admired the correct knowledge,
the modesty of this officer of the United
States.
It was a great pity that he ever returned.
Fortified as he was lie might have remained
in Europe for years, but he oame back to
his fate, which was, of course, disoovery
and exposure. Colonel Bacon had nothing
poetic in his nature. He could not appreci
ate the. ideal character which the Colonel
had built up for himself, and so with coarse
rudeness he took upon himself, through
very proper military channels, to find out
just who the Colonel" was. A friend of his,
a distinguished ex-Coufederate officer, then
in charge of the Bureau ot Bebellion Rec
ords, was then engaged in making up the
roster of the Confederate army. Colonel
Bacon's attack upon the Colonel was very
indirect.
The Rogan's Great Bunder.
He asked the chief of this bureau to call
upon the Colonel to give his regiment aod
the rank occupied by him in the Confed
erate service, as he wag then sending out to
every available ex-Coufederate officer for
information necessary to complete the
roster. The Colonel made the mistake of
giving a definite and explicit answer. It
was found after examination that there were
five men of his name in the Confederate
service, and if he had been a little more
careful in building he might have taken the
rank of one of these gentlemen without so
great a chance of discovery, as three of
them were then dead. But not knowing
this, he gave his lormerranK and position
as tha't ot Lieutenant Colonel of the Fourth
Arkansas Cavalry.
I am at a loss to account for this great
blunder on the part ot the Colonel. He had
been so artistic up to date that he should
have been better prepared. He made the
tremendous blunder of giving the former
rank and position of a gentleman then liv-
The Guest of WoUelry.
ing. The bureau had in its possession the
correct roster of the Fourth Arkansas Regi
ment Even then this cruel fact might not
hae been pushed too sharply against the
Colonel if it had not been for an incident
which occurred the following day after the
roster was examined. The occasion was a
fashionable wedding in St. John's Church,
in Washington. It was at the wedding of
an officer of the army. General Sherman,
out of compliment to the bridegroom, was
present, with his staff, among the invited
guests. They all came in full uniform.
The Colonel also came in his uniform and
marched to the part of the church where
General Sherman and his staff" were placed
and took his position so near them as to
carry the idea that he was a member of
General Sherman's military family.
BoiroTrrct S80O From an Editor.
This was too much for Colonel Bacon.
He even spoke to the Colonel about it at
the wedding and said: "Where the douce
did you get that uniform, and by what
authority are you rigged out as a toy sol
dier?" The Colonel to this made no an
swer and, of course, there was no occasion
for any extended conversation on the sub
ject. The facts were laid before the President
with such a strong recommendation by Gen
eral Sherman that the President could not
do less than approve his dismissal. The
Colonel's career from then- on was down
ward; for some time, upon the credit of his
former position, be Mas able to borrow
money, although he could not ob
tain any regular position anywhere.
I heard of him in New York
several weeks after. He performed
the unparalleled feat then of borrowing
?S00 of the editor of agreatNewYork news
paper. This perhaps was a greater triumph
and shows more clearly his powers of per
suasion than anything he did at Washing
ton. He was a short tinjp afterward the
guest of the editor of a great
Boston newspaper, and he gave a
garden party in his honor at his
country home. A notice of this was printed
in Boston, and this brought out a dispatch
from a Washington correspondent which
put an end to his New England career.
T. C. CRAWrOKD.
Cats In Their Dreams.
A lady in Portland, Me., relates a curious
experience in regard to dreams that both
she and her father had dreamed several
times. She would wake in the morning with
the memory of hideous, snarling cats. This
happened occasionally for some time, and
the same was true of her father. Finally,
when traveling a long way from home, she
entered a picture gallery and there were the
cats of her dream. She recognized the pic
ture immediately, though she had never
seen it before and did not know that it
existed. Soon after her father saw it and
exclaimed: "There are the cats ot my
dream!"
HOTV THET GO ON.
IWKITTIV TOR THE PISrATCH.l
Did ye ever take note uv the difieientway
That men nn' wimmln go on when thev
Wake up an' diskiver that lnv Is gone t
Sa, hov ye ever took note how they go on?
This here's what's struck me a right good
bit,
She tries tor remember, be tries ter ferglt:
An' the things she reineinoers they make
him cuss,
An' say, "Gieat ScotI what a fool I wuzl"
She keeps all his fiicters an' letters an'
slch,
An' hides 'em away in sum safe-like niche,
An' brings 'em all out fer a quiet cry
Sum time when she kalkerlates no one
is by.
Then she ties 'em with ribands and puts 'em
away
Ter retch a good cry sum lonesnm-llke day,
An' sez she, lieavin' sighs ez blgez she cun,
"Law mc! how I did useter luv that there
man."
i
An' he, when bo's tossin thru collar and cuff
An' necktie and kei chief an sock an' slch
stuff.
If he finds sum ol' cnrl er ol' riband er glur
That wuz glv by tire woman he once usetor
luv,
Scz he, ez he glvs It a keerle ss-like fling,
"Why where on earth did I git that there
thing?" f
An' snigg'rin', fool-like, terhlsself, sez he,
"My land! how that woman did useter lur
me!"
Now that's 'bout the way that they both go
on
When they wake and olsklvcr that tar Is
nnnp..
.An' this here's the main pint of difference,
ye see,
Sez she, "I luved him!" sez he, "she lnved
mel"
AlfJTE VlBOrSU. COXBEBTSOlT.
Note The dialect will be 'recognized as
that ot Southeastern Ohio. )
PJTTSBURG- DISPATCH,
PURPOSE AND METHOD
A Sermon Upon Christianity From
These Two Points of View.
QUESTIONS THE APOSTLES ASKED.
Sometimes the Progress Feems Discourag
ing to the Worker.
THE INSPIRATION OF AX EXAMPLE
fWBITTKX FOR 1HI PISrATCIt.l
The apostles asked the Master on the day
of his ascension into heaven a question
about the coming of the kingdom: Dost
Thou at this time restore the kingdom of
Israel?
It is not likely that they were still think
ing their old ambitious thoughts. They
had grown wiser than that. The time had
been when tpey lobked forward to a day of
temporal authority. Christ, they thought,
was to reign as a king in Jerusalem, and all
the rnlers of the earth were todo Him rev
erence and to pay Him tribute. He was to
sit upon a splendid throne, and there were
to be six thrones only less splendid upon
each side of Him, and upon them the 12
fishermen and peasants of Galilee. The
whole nation had that idea about the Mes
sianic Kingdom, and the apostles naturally
shared in it. But little by little hrist bad
led them out of that, above that. They had
learned at last that the greatest of all king
doms is the kingdom of the truth, and that
the most exalted rule of all is that which
holds not the allegiance of the lips only,
but of the will and of the heart. When
would that kingdom como? When would
the Lord Christ be the accepted ruler of the
race?
The Coming ot the Kingdom.
We, too, ask that question! The king
dom seems a long time coming. We pray
daily that it may come; that the rebellious
devil may be driven out and the victorious
Christ come in, and the reign of universal
righteousness begin. No more disobedience
to the law of God, no more turning away
from the divine invitation, no more lying,
stealing, impurity, injustice, unbrotherli
ness when will "it come, the triumph of
the truth and of the right?
Whenever we look hack over a year of
Christian work, and then lookout, as e
must, into the world about us, the kingdom
of God seems to bo coming very slowly.
The kingdom is like leaven, the Master
said, which a woman took and hid in three
measures of meal until the whole was leav
ened. But the leaven seems to make
very little impression on the lumps. The
veast does not seem to cet a good hold upon
the dough. The church is the yeast, and all
the irreligious community is the dough. Is
the dough rising at all? Is this city better
to-day than it was a year ago, is it any more
the city of Christ than it was, after all the
Christian ministry of the twelve-month? Is
the neighborhood better for the existence of
the church in the midst of it? What have
we really accomplished?
The Record Seems Discouraging.
It is discouraging to think of all the ser
vices and all the sermons, and ail the
Christian ministrv of the parsons and the
people, and to ask ourselves what it has
actually effected. Is the kingdom of God
any farther along in the great fight which
it is waging with the kingdom of the devil?
At first, we are inclined to answer "no."
The truth is, however, that God sees a
great deal clearer than we do. In the midst
of any battle, the soldiers who are in the
thick of it beneath the cloud of blinding
smoke can only guess at the fortunes of. the
day. They may be beaten back, but on the
Other wing their comrades may be wiuning
victories. The General on the top of the
hill, who sees the whole long line, knows
how the day is going. Elijah beat an
ignominipus retreat once, and accounted
the battle utterly lost; but God showed him
that he had won tue victory.
The battle, too, is longer than we realize.
A year is bnt'a momentary incident in it
We share in the impatience ot the apostles.
We want the kingdom of God to come to
day. But the great conflict of the church
and the world goes slowly.
Heating the Kin? Too Badly.
In the Puritan Revolution, Cromwell ac
cused the parliamentary generals of an un
willingness to beat the king too badly.
Again and again they forbore to reap the
full harvest of their virtory. That is true
in God's fight against the devil. God is not
willing to beat even the devil too badly.
Ppr the devil is the personification of the
sin of the world, and that sin abides in the
hearts of human beings and these human
beings God loves. He is their Father, and
they" are His children. He feels as David
did'when his army was waring against re
bellious Absolom. He wants to put down
the rebellion,. but he wants to spare the
rebel. God wants to drive sin out of the
world, but He wants to save the sinners.
And that is a long and difficult process.
There is a great difference between extirpa
tion and conversion.
Nevertheless, looking back not a year but
longer than that, we can see that' God is
really gaining his blessed purpose. The
world is unspeakably better for the presence
of the Church in it. And the Church is
stronger to-day, more ready and competent
to help God in the conquest of sin, in the
individual heart and in the whole life ot the
community, than ever before- in all her his
tory. The kingdom ot God has more sub
jects, the army of God has more soldiers,
and the forces ot the devil are fewer and
weaker, than has been ever known before.
Our part is first to thank God and take
courage, and then to go on with braver
hearts to do the will of God.
Tho Work or tho Witnesses.
"Ye shall be my witnesses." That is the
message. Jesus Christ standing with the
apostles upon the Ascension Hill, said
that,and lifted up His hands in benediction,
and was taken away out of their sight He
had given them their work. They were to
go now and do it And the work was
summed up in that sentence: Ye shall be
witnesses unto Me.
The great purpose of Christianity is to
make men better, and one of the chief ways
in which men are made better is by the pe'r
suasion and the inspiration of other men's
example. That is what Christ meant by his
charge to the apostles to be witnesses to
Him; they were to follow His example and
so, little by little, as the leaven works into
the meal, the whole world might become
the kingdom of the Lord and of Christ
So that the words suggest both the purpose
and the method of Christianity.
We ought to understand what all our
work is for, and why it has been done. And
if we are to estimate it rightly, we ought
to nave an ideal to measure it oy. it will
be well for us to consider a little, and get
clearly into our minds, the ideal purpose
and the ideal method ot Christianity. .
TUb Gospel With the Greeks.
Christianity is a religion. It is not primarily
either a philosophy or a fraternity. When
the gospel was carried to the speculating
Greeks, it not only cave them something,
but it received something from tbem. There
was brought into' it by their influence the
notion that the most important part of
Christianity is the answer that can be' de
duced from it to certain philosophical ques
tions. Men have always been interested
and will always be interested, in three great
problems: The problem ot God, the prob
lem of sin, and the problem of pain. Among
the Hebrews these great problems were con
sidered practically, that is, religiously: The
thought of the men of the Bible was to find
out God that they might draw near to Him,
snd to get rid of sin, and to translate pain
out of malediction into blessing.
But to the Greek these profound ques
tions appealed not on the side of religion
but of-philosophy. They were interested
in them not so mnoh morally as intellectu
ally. They were not so anxious to find out
God tor the satisfaction ot their souls as for
the satisfaction of their minds. They busied
SUNDAY,- JULY 17. '
themselves with definitions of God. They
were not so much concerned with getting
rid of sin as with discovering how sin could
be forgiven, how an -atonement for sin was
philosophically possible. They cared less
for making spiritual use' of pain than tor
pondering the origin of pain, and how a
good God could rightly reign over a suffer
ing world. The result of the Greek influ
ence upon Christianity was the emphasis
that was laid upon the creed, that is, upon
the philosophical statement of religion.
The Gospel With the Bomans.
When the gospel was carried farther, to
the Bomans, here again it not only gave but
took. There was brought into it by their
influence the notion that the most import
ant part of Christianity is the regulation of
the details of ritual and of government
The Bomans had a genius for administra
tion. They were practical They cared
little for speculation, but a great deal tor
authority, for obedience, for" order. Thev
delighted in arranging things, in prescrib
ing exactly what men should do, and how
they should believe and dress, even how
they should think, and were especially de
sirous to secure uniformity. The result of
the Boman influence upon Christianity was
the emphasis that was laid upon the church,
that is, npon the organization of the relig
ious society.
Accordingly, as was natural, during the
Greek supremacy, while Christianity was a
religion of the East, the great purpose that
was reached after was the settlement of the
doctrine. The first era of church- history
was the era of the great councils which met
to date the creeds. Then, during the
Unman supremacy, when the West became
the center of the streneth of 'Christianity.
the great aim of the leaders of the Christians
was the settlement of discipline. The
second era of church history was the era of
the great popes who ruled over the church.
Thn Two Eras of tlie Church.
That is, lor five hundred years, a Christian
was accounted a good Christian in propor
tion to the accuracv with which he was able
to recite certain philosophical definitions.
The characteristic word of that era is the
word "creed." Then, for a thousand yearn,
a Christian was accounted a good Christian
in proportion to his allegiance to the estab
lished system of government The char
acteristic word of that era is the word
'church. "
But to Christ, the Christian religion cen
tered not, in a creed, not in a churoh, but in
a character. The purpose of it was to teach
men not so much to think right as to do
right. Christianity, as Christ taught it, is
profoundly ethical. It is not of the least
value, in his sight, to hold the Catholic
faith whole aud undented unless we live the
life of which true faith is the seed. It is
not of the least value to belong to the Apos-
ioiic imurcn, and to obey the ecclesiastical
authorities, unless we also and before all
else give our loving obedience to Christ
"Not every one that saith unto me Lord,
Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of
heaven, but he that doeth the will ot My
Father which is in heaven." The real voice
of the age in which we live is "Back to
Christ!"
Th- Heart or the Church.
Thank God for the Church, and all that
it has done for the preservation and the
strengthening of religion; and thank God
for the creed, aud all that it has done tor
the emphasizing of the chief truths of re
ligion; but thank God, chief of all, for
Christ, who is the heart of the Church and
of the creed. Accordingly, fpr now these
several hundred years, we have been get
ting closer to the simplicity of Christ; we
have been putting the emphasis where He
put it, upon Christian character; we have
been learning to account all people as in
the best sense Christians who are bearing
witness in their lives to Him.
We are still remote from the ideal. There
are still those who think that the most im
portant part of our religion is its philo
sophical part; they put the creed In tffe
fore front There are still those who think
that the most important part of our reli
gion is its ecclesiastical part; they set the
Church in the foreground. -But the num
ber is all the time increasing who hold that
the chief part of our religion is to bear
witness in our own lives to the influence of
Jesus Christ, and to make men better. The
religion of the future, like the religion .ot
the .New Testament, will be .profoundly
oiuicai. i win lay stress on conduce
Ihe Method or Christianity.
But how is it that men are to be made
"Setter? The great purpose of Christianity
we have seen, but what is the ideal Chris
tian method? The secret of it is in this
word "witness." Men are to be made bet
ter by the influence of other men who are
better than they are." The source of amend
ment is in the inspiration ot example.
Reformation is accomplished by great meas
ures personified in great men. It is the
man who stirs the hearts of the multitude.
Let the great truth be taught by lesser
men, and it will nass unheeded. But when
the saint or the hero preaches it all our
hearts take fire. History, it has been said,
is but a collection of the biographies of
eminent men. And that is true. The
world is moved by men.
. Thus God, desiring to move the world, not
by compulsion but by inspiration, not from
without by force but from within by per
suading the free will of man, was mani
fested here among us as a man. He might
have let down a great book out of the sky,
halt of it occupied with answers to our in
tellectual questions and the other half with
the details of ecclesiastical polity, half of it
a creed-book and the other half a drill
book. But how would that have helped us
in the hard task of living right? Instead
Of that, God clothed himself with visible
and audible personality, and so appealed to
men.
Allegiance to a Person.
Christianity is an allegiance to a person.
It is a following oi the Lord Jesus Christ
That is the beginning, and the middle, and
the end of it And then Jesus Christ sends
us out to be Christs. Not only to be Chris
tians, contenting ourselves with our own
growth in love and knowledge, but to be
Christs; that is, to live, as well as we can,
the kind of life he lived, and to do, as well
as we can, the kind of work he did. He was
a witness to the Father, and we are to be,
in our turn, witnesses to Him.
The Christian religion, then, has for its
great purpose the bettering of men, and for
its method the inspiration of a good ex
ample. Accordingly, the purpose of every
thing that is done iu a parish, ought to be
the upbuilding of Christian character. The
ideal aim is to approach the lite of Christ
Everything which looks in any other direc
tion than that is an impertinence. We
ought to take that as the test of all the
services. We ought to measure all the ser
mons by it, and all the singing. It ought
to be our guide in estimating the value of
our work.
Ihe Crucial Qn.stinn Statrd.
Will this help? It ought to be the
crucial question. There ought not to be
anything tolerated in any parish which can
not answer "yes" to that question. Nor
ought anything to be objectionable to any
ot us that does not answer "no." Not that
everything will help evybody. We are
not all alike. That which does not help
one may help another. Any way to help
anybody is a good motto for a Christian
parish.
And we help by being helpers. We bear
witness t6 Christ not onlv by trying not to
say anything that we would not like to have
Him bear us say, and by trying not to
do anything that we would not like to have
Him seo us do, not only bv trying to bo
good Christians in the lamily, iu business
and in society, but by laying especial stress
Upon our Christian ministry to the needs of
others. No parish bears witness to Christ
which is not a working parish. The test of
Christianity is not only the looks ot the
church on Sundays, but the looks ot the
parish house between Sundays. Ihe con
gregation met for worship and the congrega
tion met lor work, together make up the
real life of the parish. Any way to help
anybody and everybody helping 1 is a
description of the purpose and the method
and the spirit of the ideal parish.
Geoege Hodges.
i ,
An Immense U
Harry Williamson, of Liverpool, Feny
connty, O., recently caught an' eel in the
Juniata' river which measured 4f feet and
weighs between 12 and 13 pounds. It has
been kept alive in a watering trough ever
since.
1892.
HOOKED 1 WILD CAT.
Adventure of a Trout Fisherman in
the Pennsylvania.Henilock Belt.
HE MADE AN UNLUCKY CAST,
And It Cost Him a 'ierriflc Struj-Rle in six
Feet of Cold Water.
IT WAS A MATTEB OP ,LDXG P0V7EB.
WKITTEJI FOB TIIE DISPATCH. J
F you should ever
go trout fishing on
the "dead water" of
Alder run, in the
Pennsylvania hem
lock belt, be careful,
as you make your
casts, and don't
hook a wild cat, for
It you do you may
be put to ft good
deal of annoyance,
Jn Dead Water. and as like as not
have your day's fishing spoiled. That is,
if your wildcat should happen to have
a disposition like the one my friend
Harry Cavanaugh hooked the time he was
fishing in those dead waters. He was at the
time in charge of a gang of men who were
at work constructing one of the tram roads
that the big lumber operators of the hem
lock belt had then just begun to build in
the isolated and mountainous forest tracts.
"I had heard," says he, "a good deal
about the dead water of Alder run and the
big trout that had .their home there, and
which were likely to always have their
home there, because of the difficulties that
lay in the way of anyone who sought to
fish those waters. The dead waters extendi
for nearly a mile over a level stretch ot the
stream's bed, and were nowhere less than
four feet deep.
One ot Nature's Wildest Spots.
'They were bordered on each side bv an
almost impenetrable thicket of alders grow.
Critical Moment,
ing close to the edge, and in some places,
where the stream was narrow, closing over
it and hiding it from view. There were
many narrow openings in this thicket where
deer sought the creek to drink and stamp,
and among the alders many hemlocks and
other trees grew along the stream. In some
places the dead waters were 50 feet wide,
but most of the stretch was narrow.
"In those days I enjoyed nothing so much
as trout fishing. I had found excellent
sport in the many wild streams in that lo
cality, but I felt'that I could never go away
from" those woods entirely satisfied without
trying what the dead waters ot Alder run
were capable of. and as the season grew my
determination to get into those waters grew
with ic At last I had one of my men make
me a small, flaUbottoni boat out of hemlock
boards, had It carried to the head of the
dead waters, two miles distant, and one
humid, overcast June dav I started, in the
rather unsteady and not entirely water
tight craft, to fish through the virgin trout
ground. The capacity ot the dead waters
was even greater than I had anticipated,
and before I had finished a quarter of the
way through the dark stretch of stream I
had landed a score ot more of the biggest
trout I had ever seen come from any brorfk
all ot them of a dark color, witn the crim
son spots almost as brilliant as sparks of
fire.
He Hooked Dangerous Game.
"My boat had drifted, aided by an occa
sional movement of the paddle, into a part
of the creek where the alders were at least
SO feet apart This big pool grew very nar
row at its lower end, a hundred ice; irom
its head, and there the thick alders inter
locked their branches over and in the
water, and the creek disappeared from view
as completely as if it had been swallowed np
by .the earth. un the right side oi tms
broad extent of water was one of the deer
openings in the thicket, and the soft dirt
on the edge of the creek showed by the
myriad tracks that the deer were frequent
visitors there. Just above that opening a
hemlock tree reared its big stem. Some of
the lower branches on the upper side ex
tended several feet out over the water.
"I drifted along beneath these branches,
and 20 feet below the tree. There I stood
up to make a cast at tlie edge of a bunch of
alders, some of whose limbs were stretched
ont upon the surface of the water. 'As I
threw my rod forward, my book stopped
suddenly in the air behind me, and my reel
hummed at the resistance. Simultaneously
with the .stopping of the hook a blood curd
ling screech rent the air. I turned quickly
about I was just in time to see to see a big
wildcat leap from the lower limb of the
hemlock, aud he was pointed straight for
me, although there was a watery space be
tween us, and woodsmen have always held
that an intervening stretrfh of water is a
snre barrier against the attacks of all fierce
animals of the cat kind. My hook had
caught somewhere in a tender spot on the
wildoat, which had been crouching on the
limb unknown to me, and the pain of the
puncture had worked him instantly into an
uncontrollable fury.
A Dnel Begun In a Boat.
"I was standing near the bow of the boat,
but moved quicklv to the other end, and
none too quickly, for the wildcat pounced
into the boat on the spot where I had stood
before I'd time to steady myself in my new
position. Then I saw that the hook was fast
in one of the animal's ears, and a cat's ears
are the most sensitive part of its body. The
book had gone clear through the tender
membrane, and the blood was trickling
down in quite a stream. Fortunately the
paddle was in the stern of the boat. As the
big'cat struck the boat it almost upset the
clumsy craft, The enraged beast came for
me again without an instant's delay. I met
him with a blow from the paddle. The
paddle flew into a dozen pieces. The dis
turbance in the boat was too much for the
boat's equilibrium, and over it went, 'tumb
ling the wildcat and me into the water. We
floundered there close together, and instead
of the bath cooling down the wildcat's tem
per it seemed .to make it hotter, and the
ugly beast renewed the fight in the water.
"The boat when it upset was within a
few feet of the foot of the pool, where the
water disappeared behind the tangle of al
ders. I had nothing to defend myself with
against the wildcat bnt .my. fisti. and I
pounded it with them with very little ef
fect except to their own damage. The
wildcat could swim like a duck, kept its
head well out of water, and struck at me
$. i5tt
ymUgm
A
with such quickness and ability that my
sleeves were torn in strips in a very short
time, and the blood began to flow from deep
gashes in my bauds and arms. I saw that
lrt the struggle the hook had torn loose
from.the wildcat's ear, leaving a long and
bleeding slit. The persistent animal kept
up an unearthly yelling as it fought
' Another Cat to the Eesca'e.
"We soon worked our way down azainst
the wall of alders, and the struggle went on
for a moment against it I heard another
screech, and presentlr another wildcat came
tearing through the thicket to the edge of
the pool. As this second uzlr customer
crouched as if to leap upon me to the aid of
its mate, the alders gave way, and my eat
and I floundered through the maze. Behind
it the creek was ten feet wide between the
alders, which cloied above it iu a regular
canopv of netted branches nowhere more
than three feet high. It was almost as dark
as night in that low-vaulted water tunnel.
The channel was straight, and far below I
cdnld sec a small circle of light, where the
creek emerged again into open water.
"As we disappeared through the dense
alders, the other wildcat bounded into the
thicket and made toward the spot, I could
hear him crashing through, screeching as
he came, and finally saw the tall bushes
swaying before him as he drew nearer. I
had changed my tactics in my struggle
with my wildcat, and wa trying to force it
The Male Appeared in the Aiders.
beneath the surface and hold it there long
enough'to drown it, but the cat was too
active and supple, and about all I succeeded
in doing was to lessen the quantity of my
clothing and add to the slashings in my
flesh. I had not been strnggling with the
wildcat a mjnute, perhaps, in that close,
dark passage, where the water was fully six
leet deep, when I saw the two fiery eyes of
its mate appear in the alders, where he had
thrust his head through, on the opposite
side.
Resolved on. Desperate Tactics.
"Tiat wildcat, though, hesitated to take
to the water, even to help his mate, but I
didn't know how long he would be of that
mind, and consequently saw the importance
of getting the best of one fierce contestant
before another joined in the fight I re
solved on a desperate move, but one that
would be decisive if successfuL Watching
my opportunity, I seized the wildcat with
both hands by the throat, and, holding it at
arm's length, dove for the bottom, taking
the wildcat witb me. My breath was short
owing to the long and hard struggle in the
water, but I had good lungs. I put all my
strength in that clutch on the wildcat's
throat. The cat struggled desperately, but
at about the time I found I must return to
the surface, it gave one tremendous kick,
and hung heavy and motionless in my
hands. I knew it was dead, and I dropped
the carcass and rose to the surface, with
just about strength enough left to grab an
aider ousu aud hold myself up.
"If that wildcat's mate had tackled me
then he would have- found an easy victim,
for I could have made no defense. He was
plunging and yelling about in the thicket,
evidently puzzled over the disappearance
of his mate and mvself. Pretty soon I
heard him tearing back toward the spot
where he had thrust his hea 1 through the
alders and glared at me, and could feel my
blood turn cold. It was all I conld do to
bold fast to the alder. He reached the
spot, pushed his head and half his body
beyond the edge of the bushes, and his eves
almost lit up the place, they blazed so when
they fell on me. I shut my eyes, for I be
lieved the beast would be at my throat the
next second. X could feel those flaming
eyes fixed on me, and the suspense was ter
rible. Suddenly the 'wildcat raised a yell
that would have been frightful enough
heard m the open woods, but which in the
close confines of that water tunnel was
simply indescribably terrible; and if, while
the yell was still ringing in my ears, I
hadn t heard the wildcat turn and go crash
ing away through the thicket, 1 would
surely have'dropped limp and lifeless, and
gone down without a struggle.
Better Lack the Jfext Tlmr.
"But with the retreat of the wildcat my
strength gradually returned, and after a
while I was able to make my way back
through the alders at the head of the dark
narrow channel and out into the open pooh
My upturned boat was lodged against the
alders. I pushed it to the deer opening,
righted it, aud with a long pole, poled it
baok to the starting place and started for
home. My fish and tackle were lost Al
though the gashes and scratches on my
hands and arms w ere numerous, they were
not as serious as they seemed, and in a
week or so I was able to repeat my fishing
trip, much to my great enjoyment
"I also spent an evening with a jack and
a rifle at that deer opening, and got a fat
and juicy buck and a doe. I believe, also,
that the big wildcat I tumbled from that
hemlock branch just at dnsk that same
evening was the mate of the wildcat I
drowned in the alder tunnel, and the one
that came within a secod of scaring me to
death. He was lurking there, as his mate
had been I have no doubt, with the hope of
springing on a fawn that might come down
to the creek at that watering place."
Ed. Mora.
A DEVOTEE OF MOBPHETJi
The Dale of Devonshire Begnlarly Sleeps
' In the House ol lordi.
San Francisco Call.
It is said the Duke of Devonshire goes to
sleep in the House of Lords. What else is
he to do should that august House sit late,
as it does three or four times a year? Be
sides, it is the custom to go to sleep in Par
liament when you have a mind to. The
rules forbid the perusal of a newspaper, a
magazine or a book. If a peer or a member
ot tbe Commons desires to read he must go
to the reading room or the library. There
fore, when a bore is on his legs about 10 or
11 o'clock, and his diffuse and uninteresting
commonplaces are running out in turgid
verbosity) what better thing can a states
man do than go to sleep?
When in the Lower House as Lord Hart
ington the Duke was a confirmed sleeper,
with his legs against the clerk's table, his
hat tilted down over his eyes, his mouth
open and arms folded, of balancing his body
upon the seat At times His Lordship was
guilty of an approach to snoting. People
who go to oed about a or 4 in tue morning
must take their sleep somewhere.
Hints on Care of the Bye.
Dr. L. Webster Pox closed his late im
portant lecture on the eyesight, which has
already been referred to in this column, by
some injunctions which should be carefully
proserved. These golden rules numbet half
ascoie, andare as follows: Avoid sudden
changes from darkness to brilliant light;
avoid tho uso'of stimulants and drugs which
affect tho nervous system; avoid reading
nhen lying down or when mentally and
physically exhausted; when the eyes feel
tired rest them by looking at objects at a
longdistance; pay special attention to the
hygiene or tbe body, tor that u hlch tends to
promote tho general health acts beneficially
upon the eye; up to 40 years of age bathe the
eyes twice daily witH cold water; do not de
pond upon your own judgment iu selecting
spectacles: old persons should avoid read
ing much by artificial light; be guarded as
to diet and avoid sittinu tin late atf-hf
'after 50 bathe the eyes morning and evening
wita water so not mat yoa wonuer now you
stand it: follow this with cold water, that
n ill make them glow with warmth: do not
give up in despair when Informed that a
cataract is developing; remember that la
these days of advanced surgery it can be re
moved with little or no danger to vision.
'v'sPri? JSSStPf-v
CREMATION FIGURES.
Stroii? Arguments Presented by Ad
vocates of Incineration.
THE BEST FOOD TO GIVE HORSES
A Enggestion That Ducks Ee Tsed Instead
of Carrier. Pigeons.
DRINKING AIR IN ITS IJQOID FOEH
IW3UTTXW TOR TIIB DISPATCH.!
The advocates of cremation have in their
favor some strong arguments. They say
the mandate that "dust shall return to
dust" is irrevocable, and its fulfillment ia
inevitable; that we can in no way prevent
it; we may obstruct or we may assist, and
reason dictates the latter course. Since tho
longer the process is delayed the greater is
the danger to the health of the living, cre
mation is a beneficent institution. Its
growth in Europe has been surprising, and
ic Italy there are large numbers of crema
tories, and in this country the prejudice
against the movement is decreasing-.
It is only 11 years since the formation of
the New York Cremation Society, the first
institution of the kind in the United
States, and not until the year 1885 was the
first operative creamatory established, yet
there are now in various parts of the States
nearly a score of these incinerators in more
or less continuous service. The number of
cremations which have been conducted
each year in one of these temples in Buffalo
frives a fair idea of the progress which tlia
sentiment in favor of this method is mak
ing. Durlrur 13SC eisht bodies were inciner
ated, and in each successive year to the end
of 1891 the numbers were, respectively, 17,
16. 23, 30 and 37. In this tomplo everything
possible has been done to mitigate the sad
ness of the last ritual. The temple is built
of dark, brown sandstone, and Us square)
tower and deep slanting roof are covered
with Ivy and surrounded by sloping lawns.
Tho chancel and. nave are artistically carved,
and decorated and the windows are of rich
stained class. The Incineration takes placs
privately after the funeral service, and ths
ashes aie delivered to the undertaker to be
disposed of as the family may direct, or
they may be left at the crematory.
A society formed after the organization of
tho pioneer societv has reduced to ashes
Mhee the year 1SS5 upward of 730 bodies.
The process as carried out at one of their
principal temples is as follows: The fur
nace Is of firebrick throughout and sepa
rated into two distinct Dut similar compart
ments. The body is placed in a chamber di
rectly above that in which the luel is con
sumed. The bottoms of the. retorts are
solid, but the sides and ends are pierced
with holes, thronsh which the heated air of
the farnace has direct access to the body,
while the flames are not permitted to ap
proach ic The heat or the retort soon lib
erates everything; volatile in the body, and
these emanations are conducted through
another highly heated chamber, and thus
rendered odorless and absolutely innocuous
before they pass to the chimney whioh.
forms their means or egress to the air. The
time taken up in reducing a body to ashes
depends somewhat npon tho size and condi
tion ot the person when alive. In this fur
nace it is about two hours; In many others
it is a little over an hour. The fuel usedis
coal, and in five or six hoars from the start
ing or the tires a temperature of from 2,000
to 2,5003 Fahrenheit can be obtained.
Horse Feedin; Experiments
All horsemen wUl be interested in the re
ports of a feeding trial with horses, which,
has oeen carried out bft Professor J. W.
Sanborn. Horsemen have generally been la
the habit of believing that when grain,
especially meal and more especially such,
meal as cornmeal, is fed the horses alone or
minced with bay, it tends to form a compact!
mass in tbe stomach and produce indiges
tion. In o lots of horses we. ro fed for nearly
three months, one with bay and grata
mixed, the other with bay' and grain sepa
rately. At the end of tlyia period the food,
rwas reversed, and the horses were fed soma
two months more. The (division of the bay
and grain into separate feeds gave, better
results than the mixed iiay and grain feeds,
an which tbe horses dlq not maintain their
weight so welL Prof. Sanborn accounted
for this by the lact that the timothy hay
when cnt fine with its sharp solid ena'S'lrri- ''
tated and made sore the months of tha
horses, and possibly induced too rapid
eating, and when the hay and craln wera
moist, the animals would be likely to eat
more rapidly than when fed dry. Ia another
trial, whioh covered feeding cut agalpse
whole hay to horses, tbe result was de
cislvaly in favor of the cut hay. The differ
ence In weight of the horses was US pounds
In favor of cut clover for the four months
and a half of the test. Clover hay and
lucern, unlike timothy hay, do not present
onsrp, soiiu culling euges.
A Variation In Metf enger Service.
Major Allatt, who is an authority on tba
subject of carrier pigeons, warns the publlo
against prevalent stories of long flights by
trained pigeons; notably that in which a
pfcreon is recorded as having flown 1,500
miles In America. Major Allatt believes tbe
greatest distance pizeons have flown of
which an accurate record has been made Is
in the races which have taken place two or
three times from Rome to Belgium, a dis
tance of between SCO and 900 miles. He also
suggests that If the present intention of tbe
Navy Departments of the different nations
is to be carried out, and a regular marina
carrier pigeon service is to be established,
ducks would be better for the service than
pigeons, because when a duck gets tired ha
drops and sits in the water until he is rested
and then L'oes on again. Ducks, moreover,
can fly by night, while pigeons cannot
Major Allatt thinks that sea gulls might
with advantage be trained for message bear
ing purposes.
A Baggage Saving Invention.
A now way of obviating the necessity for
the carrying around by commercial travel
ers in the boot and shoe business of the
cumbersome samples of their wares has re
cently been patented. The inventor claims
that by his invention all tbe samples that
any traveler is likely to require can Da
carried In a small case, and that by Its
means be will be able to convoy 200 or 300
different designs, showing shapes of toes,
designs of toe caps, welts, colors of uppers,
etc. It is also claimed that a saving to tbe
manufacturer of 20 to CO per cent is
effected in clearing off his samples at tha
end of the season. Another Improvement
lately adopted in the shoe industry is s web
for Increasing the ease of putting on and
taking off tbe shoe. This web is msda
rouoh on the same principle as satin cloth,
and has a ?eryflne and close texture, and
much more elasticity than the web ordi
narily used.
A Glass of X,!qafltd Air.
Prof. Dewar, in lecturing before the Boyal
Institution, London, handed around to tbe
audience an entirely new thing in tba way
of tipples, in the shape of claret glasses
filled with liquefied air. The bollinz point
of liquid air is 194 centigrade, or 10 lower
than that of oxygen. After liquefying oxy
gen. Prof. Dewar said that It is not true, as
has been supposed, that tho oxygen in tha
air liquifies before tbe other elements in the
air; on the contrary, the air liquefies as air,
and is not resolved into its elements before
liquerving. If this globe were cooled down
to 200"below zero of centir"-de it would ba
covered witb a sea of liqueneu gas 35 teet
deep, orwnicn aooui seven. leec would Do
liquid oxygen.
A Possible BUsslng in Disguise.
The average Londonerla fairly case hard
ened in the matter of fogs and accepts tbem as
.matter of course. They are.ln fact,regarded
as a necessary evU. It is now asserted, bow
ever, nnd by no less an authority than the
President of the Institute of Ciyil Engineers,
that log Is the chief cau-e of the low death
rate in London. He says the fog is caused
by sulphur emanating from combustion of
soft coal: that In London about 350 tons are
tlirowu in the air on one winter's day, and
that it Is this large qnantlty of sulphur
which counteracts the effects or the deadly
germs discharged from refuse heaps and
sewers, by its deodorizing andantiseptio
properties.
A New Qolclc Tiring Can.
The new Kordenfeldt qnlck firing gun has
giyen good results of testing in France. By
a special zueohanlsm tbe recoil has been
almost entirely obviated. Tbe breach is
simple and easily worked, and rounds a.
minute can be fired. The stability and pre
cision of the piece are said to be to great
that several shots can be fired In succession
through the hole made by the first shot la
the target wittrout repolntlng the gun. Tha
trajectory curve Is very slight, the Initial
velocity being 2,132 feet per second.