12
BRITISH ELECTIONS.
Peculiarities of Canvassing in Lon
don and the PrSvinces.
CURIOUS METROPOLITAN CUSTOMS.
Contrasts With the Campaign Methods in
the United States.
BA1TLE OKIES THAT AEE BOUNDED KOW
IiOXDOx; July 10. A stranger to Lon
don landing at Charing Cross and walking
eastward to the bank by the way of the
Strand and Fleet street, or from Hyde Park
to the bank along Oxford street, Holbom
and Cheapside, would see little or nothing
on either route to remind him that just now
Great Britain 'is without a Parliament, and
that the general election is in progress. On
these main arteries ot traffic there are few
outward indications of the contest. Here
and there on a boarding in front of a build
ing in course ot construction or alteration
there may be a candidate's electioneering
placard, but that is alL
There are no portraits of the leaders of
the political parties strung on network
screens across the streets', as is the case in
American cities when aPresidental election
i in progress. There are no people on the
Etreets wearing campaign badges or cam
paign uniforms, and no brass bands heading
political demonstrations on their way to a
rendezvous. The ballot act of 20 years ago
and the corrupt practices act of 1885 hare
tended to rob elections of much that was
picturesque and noisy, and have brought
the proceedings at a general election down
to a much more sober and matter of fact
level. And nowhere has all this change
been more obvious than in London.
' Londoner Display Little lntrrt.
The metropolis is the last place in the
country in which to look for mnch life and
Etirat an election. There is still a good
deal of excitement in connection with con
tested Parliamentary elections, but this is to
be seen to much better advantage in the com
pact manufacturing towns ot the second
rank in theprounces and in some ot the
country tonus, where the old spirit still
Jingers, thaD in Lioaaon, in ana immedi
ately around which between 60 and 70 mem
bers of Parliament hare to be elected.
Very lew of the London candidates lire
in the constituencies which they contest,
and in most of the divisions of London
there is no local spirit nor local pride worth
speaking about In London a contested
election is soon orer and soon forgotten. In
provincial constituencies like those men
tioned, the election itself does not take
much longer than it does in London; but the
work ot prejaring for itt occupies n
much longer time than in the
metropolis. "When the candidates are
local men, they are longer in the
field than is the cae in the London constit
uencies; the excitement is always more in
tense and more widely shared in the pro
vincial than in the London constituencies,
and the feelings of exultation which follow
triumph at the'polls or those of depression
and sullenness following defeat last very
much longer in a small and self-contained
constituency than they do in a metropolitan
division, n here as a rule people have no
neighbors in the ordinarv sense of the word,
and where on the day following the election
everybody goes aoout his business in the
usual way as though nothing had happened.
Too Many Foregone Conc.usions.
One has to get away from the down-town
centers and strike north or sonth to the
nearer suburbs to get an idea of how a gen
eral election outwardly aflects the metro
polis. The esentiallr business parts of
London the City, the Strand, Holborn,
Oxford street, and Piccadilly are very lit
tle disturbed by it, mainly for the reason
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ASH or
rJ35XIT.
No. Difference What
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OFFICE
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appearance.
that London business people are so largely
conserratire that in the Parliamentary divi
sions which embrace the thoroughfares
named, there are nowadays seldom any con
tested elections. The sitting members are
usually returned without opposition. "When
there is a fight Its result is so much a fore
gone conclusion that no one but the candi
dates and their actiTe friends take any
serious interest in the matter.
An American risitor staying just now in
any of the great hotels near Charing Cross
and desiring to see what an English con
tested election is like, and to note the mode
of procedure at an English political meet
ing in order to compare it with that of an
American meeting, would hare to go a
good distance afield. He would have to
cross the Thames at "Westminster' Bridge
and get into Southwark, where there are
several contests in the constituencies
largely occupied by the poorer class of
voters; or go westward to Chelsea or nbrth
ward to St. Pancras or Islington, where
some of the best foueht contests in the
whole of the CO metropolitan divisions are
being waged. If he chose St. Pancras or
Islington, he would begin to note signs of
the contest as soon as he got north ot Hol
born. In a journey on the top of a street
car from Gray's Inn Koad to Hampstead or
Higbgate he would pass the committee
rooms of half a dozen Parliamentary candi
dates. How to 1ocate the Headquarters.
There is no mistaking these places. There
are no large-sized portraits dangling across
the streets, but the part of the house used
as the candidates' headquarters is usually
corered from sidewalk to roof with election
eering literature in colored ink or on col
ored paper. The j ob and color printer still
gets in a large amount of work, but not
nearly so much as he did before Sir Henry
James, when Attorney General in Mr. Glad
stone's 1880-1885 government, passed the
corrupt practices at elections act. This
measure strictly limits the amount of money
which a candidate may spend upon a con
tested election. It is regulated on a rigidly
fixed scale accordingto the number o( voters
on the electoral roll, aud nnder the pro
visions of the act eiery penny which a can
didate spends while he is in the constitu
ency contesting an election has to be sched
uled and submitted in a sworn statement to
the returning officer within a few days after
the election takes place.
Before this act was passed, the candidate
with a long purse had immense advantage
over the candidate who was not equally
wealthy, eren though the richer candidate
did not resort to bribery. There was no
limit to a candidate's printing bill, and
prior to 1885' the proprietors of newspapers
and of job printing establishments made
small fortunes out of a contested election.
LKowadays a candidate has to apportion at
the outset ot his contest the amount he can
expend in printer's ink, and having once
made that apportionment, he has to adhere
to it. And the amount a candidate may
thus expend Joes not go so far as it did
three years ago, for at the present time
street'advertising in London has been de
veloped and systematized to such an extent
that there handy exists a boarding or a
blank wall anywhere upon which a Parlia
mentary candidate can post a placard with
out having to pay heavy toll for the priv
ilege. Badges Find Little Favor.
It is this fact, coupled with the limited
printer's bill allowed under the corrupt
practices act, which accounts for the great
profusion of electioneering literature in the
candidate's committee rooms and the thin
ness of the display up and down the constit
uency. English people are little disposed toward
the wearing of election badges; the mem
of the Primrose League are the only people
who donned them so far in this campaign in
London; but Londoners show their loyalty
to party and to their political candidates by
means equally noticeable uith the wearing
of badges, and in a way which must have
impressed itselt on visiting Americans.
Although a Londoner does not care to wear
a political badge when he is about on busi
ness or pleasure, he will stick a placard half
EDMTTNDSON &
$26
For this handsome XVI.
Century Suit.
. 24X30-inch
Beveled Mirror.
CIC For a large Bed Lounge, fine figured cover
10 nE soft springs, worth $23.50.
THE PITTSBURG
the size ot The Dispatch in Jhe front win
dows of his house, in order that the neigh
bors and passers-by may know with which
political party he is associated.
As soon as one fairly penetrates into the
suburbs these placards in the windows of
dwelling houses make their appearance.
DozenB of them can be counted in any street
in suburban London. On some streets there
are a half dozen nouses together in the win
dows of every one ot which there is one of
these placards. All classes of people dis
play them. They are to be seen in detached
villas renting at fromJglOO to 160 a high
rental for suburban London and in the
windows of tenement houses occupied by
the humbler class of working people, who
pay 8 or 10 shillings per week tor three
or four rooms. The effect in some of the
tenement blocks is a little curious when the
politics of the occupiers are of different
complexions.
Placards Displayed In tbe Windows.
A Torv nlacard'is freauentlv to be seen
in one window and a Home Bute placard in
the window immediately above. On some
of the streets in the' nearer suburbs, where
a house renting for 70 per annum is occu
pied by two families, it frequently happens
that ode family displays the Tory colors in
its room windows while the second family
exhibits those of the Liberals. i
There fs another noteworthy feature
about the electioneering literature now on
the walls and boardings of London. The
placards and addresses emanating from tbe
Conservatives and Unionists show howcom
pletely'the Conservatives have adopted not
only the planks of former Liberal plat
forms, but a's0 the battle-cries of the Lib
eral party of ten years ago. One of the divi
sions of St Pancras is placarded with Tory
bills calling upon 'the electors to vote for
"B. G. "Webster and Peace, .Retrenchment
aud Reform."
Less than ten years ago "peace, retrench
ment and reform" was the battle cry of the
old school of Radicals of Uhe party which
was represented in the House of Commons
by the late Mr. John Blight and the late
Mr. Peter Bylands, and which was repre
sented in the Parliament whioh expired
yesterday by men like Mr. IUingworth, of
Bradford, th'e late Mr. Dillwyn, of Swansea,
and Mr. J. A. Pictou, of Leicester. "When
this party was a power in English politics
and its standard was a rallying point for the
electors of towns like Manchester, Birming
ham, Bradford, Leicester and Rochdale, a
Conservative candidate at a Parliamentary
election would as soon have thought of
stealing his opponent's watch or of forging
his name as ot stealing the Radical battle
cry ot "peace, retrenchment and reform."
Meetings at the fetreet Corners.
Yet this has been done quite openly
in other places besides St. Pancras during
the present election, and has occasioned no
outcry. A midsummer general election has
one advantage for Londoners. It admits of
a large number of electioneering meetings
being held in the open air. This circum
stance in itself tells somewhat to the ad
vantage of the Gladstonians. It saves
money which would otherwise go in the
rent of halls, and allows a candidate a pro
portionately larger fund for postal ex
penses, for tbe distribution of campaign
literature, and also for advertising.
In the long summer evenings, when it is
light until 9 o'clock, it also enables the can
didate to attend in one evening two or three
meetings convened at street corners and
other open spaces most convenient to the
electors he desires to reach. London
electors do not turn out in great numbers
for political meetings of any kind. During
the present election no massmeeting has
been held anywhere in the metropolis at
which more than 10,000 people were pres
ent. The biggest electioneering crowds
were seen in Fleet street on the nights
when the bulletins were being received at
the newspaper offices.
There is much less machinery and organi
zation about an English political meeting
than there is about a political massmeet
ing in America. The organization is sim
ple in the extreme.
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for biliousness, sick headache, malaria.
Prices or
KARPETS.
If only for the hints to be gained,
any woman of taste will enjoy walk
ing through our Carpet Rooms.
Hints in styles ! Hints in economy!
The very latest possibilities in every
grade. The price ranges will delight
you.
Ingrains, 25c. to 65c.
Tapestry Brussels,65 to 90c
Body Brussels, $1 tos$l.25.'
Velvets, $1 to $1.40.
s Moquettes, $1 to $1.50.
Axminsters, $1.50 to $1.75.
You can rely upon our Carpets;
they are all honest. And as for
variety in designs and colors, for
great extent of stock, and for low
ness in price, no other house in the
city can come anywhere near us.
Never, before have we had such bar
gains to offer in Velvets, Body
Brussels, Tapestries, Moquettes, all
the Ingrains, etc. We have also a
full line of Art Squares, Rugs, Mat
tings, Coverings, Oil Cloths, etc.
They are now ready for display upon
the finest exhibition floor in town.
Give us a call.
HOW YOU PAY.
We wait for our money, and yet
our prices are the, lowest. Credit is
gladly extended. Remember this,
anything you see elsewhere can be
found here at lower prices.
Our Weil Offer
Each Person who purchases goods from
us to the value of ONE DOLLAR is en
titled to ONE RED TICKET; when you get
4 Red Tickets you get
1 White Ticket;
- 4 White Tickets to 1 Blue Ticket;
DISPATCH, MONDAY,
OCCULTATION OF MARS
The. Moon Will Hide the Planet for
the Space of an Hoar Tonight.
DISCOVERIES MAY BE MADE
Became of the Increase in'.Power of Optical
Instruments. , '
THE LEADING FEATURES OP THE EYENT
Tonight the moon will pass between us
and the planet Mars, when both objects
will be above the horizon of most of the
dwellers of the Mississippi valley and of
all those in the Eastern States. The phe
nomenon is called an occultation, and it
will be unusually interesting froin the fact
that both are prominent in the evening sky.
Th,moon will, be abont two days past the
full, and Mars only 40,000,000 miles distant
from the earth, his disk then being 24 sec
onds of an arc in apparent diameter. The
moon .will be in the northeastern quarter of
the heavens.
At illh. BJm. p. M., Chicago time, Mars
will be on the left or eastern side of the
moon, and the two will seem to be in con
tact, as in the illustration. During the
next 70 seconds the planet will creep further
and further towards obscurity, and at .the
end of that time will be completely behind
the moon. At llh. 2m. P. M. he will peep
out from behind the dark limb of the moon,
and in about 70 seconds more will have com
pletely passed from behind her, resuming
his proper appearance except in so far as
his light will be paled by tbe lunar bright
ness. Details or the Event.
As referred to the astronomically north
point on the moon's disk the position at im
mersion will be 34 eastward, and at emer
gence 69 westward from the north point.
The difference between tbe two sets of posi
tions may be understood by reference to the
fact that the parallactic angle will be nearly
40 at the time of beginning; a line from
north to south drawn through the moon
being that much inclined from a perpendic
ular to the horizon at the time of occulta
tion, while it coincides with a perpendicular
when the moon is on the meridan, or dne
south.
The chances are a little against the pas
sage of Mars behind tbe moon being risible
from -Chicago, owing to the fact that the
moon will then be only a few degrees above
the horizon. There is more likelihood of
being able to see the emergence of the
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A CHANCE FOR
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,15c Paper for
25c Paper for
Terms Others Quote We Will
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DECORATED.
Toilet Sets, 12 pieces, 5.89.
Dinner Sets, 100 pieces, $10.98.
Fruit Plates, 10c.
Individual Butters, 4c.
Bone Dishes, 9c.
Fruit Dishes, 5 c.
Cuspidors, 7c, 15c, 24c.
:
Silver-plated Knives and Forks,
No. 2, $1.19.
Silver-plated Teaspoons, doz.,
49c.
Silver-plated Tablespoons doz.,
98c.
Steel Scissors, 25c.
' Steel Shears, ' 25c.
Steel Knives, set, 30c.
Steel Forks, set, 30c.
,' Triple Plated Casters, $1.98.
, -.Triple Plated Butter Dishes,$i.oo.
1 8iDay Clocks, $2.98.
Stand Lamps, $1.25.
to All. Onr Patrons!
JULY 11, 1892.
planet from behind the moon, and the sight
will be a more imposing one than the im
mersion, as the planet will coma out from
behind the dark edge of our satellite, seem
ing to burst into 'view out of darkness in
stead of light
The effect of parallax is a lowering of t the
place of the object as seen from a point on
the earth's surface, compared with what
would, be the position if seen from tho
earth's center. The nearer the object the
greater the parallax, ior whioh reason the
displacement of the moon is muoh greater
than that of a planet At the time of this
occultation Mars is so tar south of the moon
that an observer in- 21 of south latitude,
that nearly corresponding to the declina
tion of 'the planet, would see him below the
moon at the date of nearest approach.
It may Interest some readers to know that
at the time ot beginning at Pittsburg the
difference of parallaxes of the two objects
will be 2,303" of aro in right ascension and
2,656" in declination. At the close the
differences will be 1,883 and 2,820. If the
parallax in right ascension be multiplied
into the cosine of the' declination the'result
will be a small are of a great circle of the
sphere, the arc being so small that it may
be treated as a right line. Then the sura
of the squares of this reduced quantity, and
of the difference in parallax in declination,
will be the square of the relative displace
ment in a line that is perpendicular to the
horizon of the observer.
The 40,000,000 miles separating us from
Mars at the time ot his occupation by the
moon is not far from being his least possible
distance from the earth. It will decrease to
35,100,000 the first Saturday in August, when
the planet will be in opposition to the sun
and in about equally favorable position for
study throuzh the telescope as he was 15
years ago. Since then the planet has made
eight circuits of the sun while the earth has
caught up with the planet seren times, or
rather will bare completed the seventh
synodical lap a few davs hence. At the
opposition of August, 1877, the two moons
of Mars were first seen by mortal eye,
though they had been talked of 150 years
earlier by Dean Swift in his "Gulliver's
Travels." Of course they will be seen
again this month and their positions meas
ured, possibly with the result of a small
correction to the distances and periods of
motion as complete as Prof. Asaph Hall,
their discoverer.
Greater Optical Pewer Now.
It can hardly be hoped that one or more
additional moons will be seen circling
around the planet, though that is not im
possible, as the largest optical power at
command flow is nearly double the best
available only 15 vears ago. The planet
himself will be studied with renewed inter
est under tbe rarely attained condition of
nearness to the earth. He will be exam
ined for those mysterious markings on his
surface, which are attempted to be described
in some of tbe later published text books,
and the doubling of his equatorial canals
will be mapped out with probably
5c.
8c.
12Kc,
50c
$1
PERRINE
NECESSITIES
Scrub Brushes, 5 c, 8c, 10c.
Clothes Lines, 10c, 15c, 20c.
Water Buckets, 15c, 20c, 25c
Clothes Baskets, 69c, 89c, $1.
Large tubs, 50c to 75c.
Carpet Beaters, 10c, 15c.
Carpet Tacks, ic per package.
Tack Hammers, 5c, 10c.
Tack Lifters, 10c. .
Chamois Cleaners, 5c
.Whitewash Brushes, 15c, 29c, 41c.
Shoe Brushes, 10c, 25c.
Tin Cups, 2C
Bread Pans, 4c.
Quart Buckets, 4c
Dinner Buckets, 19c.
Tea Canisters, 6c and 90
Coffee Canisters, 6c and 9c.
Jap. Dust Pan, 5c
Dust Brush, 15c.
Crumb Tray and Brush, 24c.
Wash Basins, 5c.
A Free Trio to
-rt r
Till'
Blue Ticket
4 Red, White and Blue Tickets to
I Round Trip
ing the Worlds
with the people?
greater accuraoy than possible in less
than 18 years from date, or well along into
the twentieth "century.. Soma of the more
enthusiastic observers through the telescope
will study the planet for possible signs that
Its inhabitants are endeavoring to communi
cate with us bv means of signals, and if
they find anything of the sort our world
may be agitated with o completely new
problem for more than a single generation
namely, how to so return the compliment
that our response will be understood and
lead pp to a systematic conversation with
the people of our relatively near neighbor
in space. '
About four weeks have yet to elapse be
fore the planet is at hts best point for ob
servation, but the instruments will be
turned on him long ere that In fact jnst as
soon as the moon is out of the way, less
than a week hence, the astronomers will be
gin to peer at him, each one hoping to be
the first to discover something new the an
nouncement of which will start the name of
the fortunate watcher on a career of fame,
or crown him with- additional glory in case
he already1 oecnpies a place on the list of
"distinguished" ones in the hunt among the
stars. So tbe curious reader may prepare to
see during the next few weeks plenty of
real or alleged news about tbe planet Mars,
and may experience some difficulty in tell
ing which ot it is true, and what simply be
longs to the domain of guess work. For it
is true in -astronomy, as in some other de
partment of research, that many things are
claimed to be discovered by ambitious work
ers which subsequent observation fails to
verify.
Increase of Cholera Infantum.
The local physicians sre busy with their usual
July cases of cholera infantum, which have been
increasing rapidly the last few days. 'This fearful
cause of infantile mortality," safd a prominent
physician yesterday, "can be prevented easier
than It can be cured. I have about 20 babies
on lactated food, and none of them show any signs
of cholera Infantum, but the disease is common in
families where this food Is not used."
The LADIES
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As the one remedy that will positively
REMOVE-
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so disfiguring to tbe face divine. No lady need be
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simple and unfailing remedy.
Sold by Druggists, or sent by mail at
Send for
50 Cents per Box.
"Hints foTkltcnen and Sick Room, Free."
JOHWSTON, HOILOWAY cV CO.,
631 Commerce Street Philadelphia.
Paper for 25c
Paper for 50c.
Jyll-7-MW
Every Trunk and Traveling Bag
in our store goes this week at cost.
Prices from $2.75 up to $20.
Look in our North Window.
If you want a Refrigerator that
will preserve the ice, is guaranteed
to be a non-conductor of warm
air, and that is first-class in every
way, you will buy the Glazier.
Prices S8.75, $12, $15, $s.
Cash or Credit.
We made a big purchase at a
big reduction. You can buy them
40 per cent below regular prices.
tie Ms Fair.
TRUNKS-SATGHELS
8llllS!lia.
...Ml! -H
Imwrn.
Mi; Bides.
4 clue JLlCKets ro 1 rs.ea, vvuiieanu
t T J iin -. J
to Chicago and Return dur
rair m i93- Won t you go
NEW A BTETI3EKTS.
IID. IMUL
COLUMBUS DISCOVERED AMEHIGJL
This is nothing new to
yoit. The cry lias been
land, land ever since, but
he never discovered any
thing like our honest home
made Cheviot Suits. A
good many strange things
have happened since he
first caught sight of this
Continent, and a good
many strange things are oc
curring every day. One
of tlie strangest is that we
are offering these Hand
some Ho?ne-Jfade $15.00
Suits in light colors 10 per
cent off, which makes the
price $13.50, a very low
-price indeed. Our $12.00
Light Suits jo per cent off,
$10.80; our $10.00 Suits,
10 per cent off, or$p.oo
net cash. That's what
ready money will do for
you at
Clothiers, Tailors, Hatters & Furnishers,
954 and 956 Liberty Street
Jyl046-JfWTSU
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FURNITURE.
's-tst-
C 0 1 'or k's ecSant Secretary ana
4)ul Bookcase. Our line is .the best
in the city.
( I -jr For this Parlor Table.
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MATTRESSES.
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635 AND 637 SMITHFIELD STREET. 635 AND 637
K.A.s: ok
jy.Si8lU