(iHislHEHifl9flR f iMBIjBMBBifiBnMBSMKl&vJiM 3g? PPPPffP STnif .T-3t ""VC -v-"t THE FJTTSBUBB ,DISPl.TGH, -WEDNESDAY, JONBJ' 29 1891 !fP? jW PP$r ' ' ,'.1X5 "" , 'jBb 4 iJHSBf. ' r THE SILVER RATIO. Stand Taken by Congressman Dal zell in a Friendly Debate. HE PEEFEES THE FRENCH IDEA.- President Gorapers Gives His Tiews on Labor's Attitude in THE PEESENT POLITICAL CAMPAIGN In the Xorth American ifcriew for July the qnestion ot the ratio of gold and silver fa dis cussed by Senators Stewart and Hans- brongh and Congressmen Springer, Bland' and John DalzelL Sir., Dalzell says: If the leading monetary powers of the world shall enter Into an agreement for the coining of both silyer ana cold without re striction, and for mating them severally or Jointly full local tender for the payment of all debts, the practical business question Is, what shall be the ratiot The question of the relations of the precious metals to each other and to com merce is recognized as a difficult one, abont which It is wise not to hazard any too posi tive opinion. The qnestion as to an international ratio is very different from the question as to a ratio for the establishment of bi-metalllsin in one country alone. In the determination of the latter question the existing gold urice of silver would be a material factor, while in the determination of the former It is not of so much importance. Prior to 1673 the commercial ratio of silver to goldjnaiutained a remarkable uniformity. Up to that year from the beginning of the Christian era the points of variance were at the one extreme li.10 of silver to 1 of gold, and at the other 15.25 of silver to 1 of gold. From the time when France, in 1803, began the free coinage of gold and silver at a ratio of 15 to 1, until 1873, when silver was de monetized by Germany, and Its coinage re stricted by the Latin Union, the relative value of gold and silver In use in Europe did not vary appreciably from the ratio fixed by French law. In the United States the legal ratio was fixed at first at 15 to 1, and subsequently at 16 to 1. But in 1ST? a change ensued. Be tween that date and the nresent the relative commercial value of silver to gold has varied from 159.2 to 1 in the lormer year to 20.92 to 1 In 1891. Cntise of the Drctfne of Silver. "The great underlying cause of the decline, in the price of silver," says Mr. Leech, Di rector of the Hint, "has been very accu rately and concisely summed up in the re port of the Royal Commission on Gold and Silver, 1883: ,'The action of the Latin Union in 1873 broke the link between silver and gold which had kept the former, as measured by the latter, constant at about the legal ratio; and when this link was broken, the silver market was open to the influences of all the factors which go to effect the price of a. com modity.. These laotors happen, since 1873, to nave operated in the direction of a fall in the gold price of that metal." It would appear, then, that the practical fixity of the relative value or gold and sil ver at a ratio of 15V to 1 from 1803 to 1873 was due principally to legislation, and that the separation of the metals thereafter in rela tive value was likewise dne in largest part to legislation. The proposition that an in ternational agreement shall be made to re establish bimetallism is a practical conces sion to that effect, since its purpose is to re store, if possible, the "broken link." The link that bonnd gold and silver to gether as money was a law (or an agree ment equivalent thereto! that the colnsurn of both should be free at a fixed ratio of 15 toL The action that broke that link, and destroyed that heretofore existing mone tary equilibrium between the metals, was the repeal in practice of the operation of that law. "Would not a re-enactment of the law in its entirety by International agree ment restore the link and with it the old time monetary situation? In other words, is not either the French or the American ratio a ratio heretofore proven practicable of maintenance by experience the true one to be returned to? If it be assumed that the relative value of the two metals depends more than anything else on theirvalne for the purposes of money as fixed by law it would seem that the strongest argument exists for the adoption or one or other of these ratios. All the world's experience has demonstrated that the true ratio lies somewhere In the neigh borhood of the French or the American, and between them there is not any fundamental difference. If the ehoice be limited to these two the French ratio would seem to be pre ferable. Silver Coined Since Its Demonetization. The demonetization of silver did not take I from the world's circulation the silver coin age. Silver has been coined since and at the same ratio. It is estimated that there are, in round numbers, $1,000,000,000 of European silver in use as money at the ratio of 15 to 1. The report of the Secretary of the Treas ury shows our stock of silver to have biwn on November L 189L (539.211,621, coined or to be coined at the ratio of 16 to 1. Now, bimetallism Is a desideratum because of the growing need or money in-the world's constantly increasing commerce. Any change in the ratio toward cheapening the gold price of stiver mnst result in contrac tion of the world's ourrencyand defeat to that extent the object sought to be obtained by an International conference. The adop tion of the ratio of 18 to L Instead or 15 to 1 for instance would make a difference of 8 per cent In the aggregate of European sil ver; that is to say, the European stock when Teoolned, as It would have to be, would lose from Its aggregate currency valne $33,000,000, and there would be the cost of reooinage in addition. I The adoption of the ratio of 15 to L on the other hand, would be, ipso facto, are monetlzatlon of the entire European stock of silver. True, the adoption of this ratio would necessitate the reooinage or the American stock, but the margin between its legal ratio 16 to 1, and the French ratio 15 to 1, amounting to 8 per cent, would suffice to pay the cost or reooinage. As the United States are the largest silver producers In the world. It goes without say ing that the French ratio would suit their material interests better than the ratio now in use by themselves. The objections that could be raised to any particular ratio that may be suggested may be conceded to be numerous; in other words, bimetallism can only be established internationally in the face of opposition and by mutual con cessions on the part of its friends; but it is to be hoped that such concessions may be made and that that the cause may triumph at whatever the ratio may be fixed. LABOR IN THE CAMPAIGN, Samuel Gompers on the Probable Action of "the Working Voters. Samuel Gompers, President of the Amer ican Federation of Labor, has a paper on "Organized Labor in the Campaign" in the current number of the North American Review. Amongother things he says: It is with some trepidation that I begin writing this article, for while it may be true that I have as good opportunities as any other man In the country of conjecturing the probable action ot the worklngmen of America, and particularly those affiliated with the American Federation of Labor In the coming Presldental campaign, I am certain that mv article will please but very few. I have bad to say and write some things in my more than 25 years' connection with the labor movement for which I have Incurred the displeasure of some very earnest, though, in my opinion, mistaken men who differ with our movement and myseir, a one of its representatives, as to methods, but not as to the ultimate end and aim of the social, economic and political struggle or the tolling masses. I feel sure that this production will in no wise tend to lessen this difference of opin ion. Why should the attitude of the Fed eration be different in the coming Presldental campaign from what it has been In the past? In what way does the coming campaign differ from those ot 1876, 1880, 1831 or 1888? Is there any particular principle involved in the Krty issues In which the wage workers ve a deep or keen Interest? There Is in deed none. Was there any real Improvement or de terioration in the condition or the working people, as a result of the changes, when Mr. Cleveland succeeded the' late Mil Arthur, or when Mr. Harrison succeeded Sir. Cleve. land? I think not, and I (eel satisfied that I will not lose my reputation as 'a "prophet" in venture to predict that, so far as the wage workers are concerned.it will matter little if President Harrison or some other Bepubllcan on the one side, or any member of the Democratic party on the other, should be elected to succeed the present Incumbent, or even inould the People's party .inccesd (though I doubt that they even entertain the belief that they will aha ceed) in electing their candidate to the Presidency. The members of the organizations affili ated with the Federation will no doubt. In large measure, as citizens, vote for the can didate of the party of their own political predilections. Bnt the number Is ever on the increase who disenthral themselves frcm partisan voting and exerolso their franohise to reward or ohastise those parties and candidates,' that deserve either their friendship or resentment. With ns It is not a question or parties or men; it is a question or measures. Dissatisfied With Both Parties. That there exists a feeling or dissatisfac tion with, and bitter antagonism to, both the Bepubllcan and Democratic parties Is not to be gainsaid. Broken promises to labor, insincere, half-' hearted support and even antagonism of legislation In the Interest of the tollers on the one hand, and the alaority and devotion with whloh the interests of the corporations and the wealth-possessing class are nurtured, protected and advanoed on the other, have had their effect, and the result is that many tollers have forever severed their connection with the old parties. That the number will continue to grow larger year by year I have not the slightest doubt. To me this party defection of the waije workers is one of the signs of the dawn of a healthier publto opinion, a sturdier man hood and independence, and a promise to maintain the liberties that the people now enjoy, aB well as to ever struggle on to at tain that happy goal toward whlcb.tbrougb outits entire history, the human family have been perpetually pushing forward. Bnt in leaving the old parties, to whom, to what shall former Democratic or Bepubllcan workmen turn? To the People's party? Are suoh changes and improvements promised there that the workers can with any degree of assurance throw in their political fortunes with that party? Of course, acting upon the princi ple "of all evils choose the least," they will more generally co-operate with the People's party than with any similar party hereto fore gracing the Presldental political arena. As a matter ot fact, however, to support the Peonle's party under.the belief that it is a labor party is to act under misapprehen sion. It Is not and cannot, in the nature of its make-up, be a labor party, or even one in whloh, the wageworkers will find their haven. Composed, as the People's party Is, mainly of employing farmers without any regard to' the interests or the employed farmers of the country districts or the meohanics and laborers of the industrial centers, there mnst of neoessity be a diver gence of purposes, methods, and interests. I am persuaded that all who are more than superficial observers, or who are Keen students oi ine past Btmggies oi ins proletariat or all countries, will with one accord unite in declaring the union impossi ble, because it is unnatural. Let me add that, before there can be any hope of the unification or labor's forces of the field, farm, factory and workshop, the people who work on and In them for wages must be or ganized to proteot their interests against those who pay them wages for that work. Will Be Inactive as a Body. Then, if as an organization, the American Federation of Labor will take no official part in the coming Preslddhtal campaign of a partisan character, it may, with a fair de gree of reason, be asked what we will do? Some have asked whether we will have a candidate 'of our own In the field. I can answer both by saying that, apart from the acts already referred to above, we shall maintain as a body a masterly inactivity. As organized trade unionists, we have had some experi ence with a Presldental candidate, and in campaigns of our own, the lessons of which have not been forgotten by us. As an organization, the American Federa tion of Labor is not in harmony either with the existing or projected political parties. So deep-seated is the conviction in this matter that, long ago, it was decided to hold the conventions of the Federation after the elections. Thus freed from party bias and campaign crimination, these gatherings have been in a position to declare for gen eral principles, and to Judge impartially upon the merits or demerits of each party, holding each to an accountability for its perfidy to the promises made to the working teonle. and at the same time keeping olear ana distinct tne economic cnaraoier oi ine organization. By our non-political partisan characters an organization we tacitly de clare that political liberty with economic independence Is illusory and deceptive, and that only in. so far as we gain' economic independence can our political liberty become tangible and, important, xnis may souna line political heresy, but it is economic truth. As time goes on we discern that the or ganized worklngmen place less reliance upon the help offered by others, and It is a spark upon the altar of progress thattbey have learned to more firmly depend upon their own efforts to secure those obanges and Improvements which are theirs Ty right. or course, it must not be imagined that we have no interest in the political affairs or onr country; on tne contrary, we believe that It Is our mission to gather the vast numbers of the wealth-producers, agri cultural. Industrial and .commercial, Into a grand army of organized labor, and, by our struggles for Improved conditions and emancipation, instil into the minds of tho workers a keener appreciation of their true position in society and of their economic, political and social duties and rights as citizens, and workers. Every advantage gained in the economic condition of the wage workers must necessarily have its political and social effect, not only upon themselves but upon the whole people. Hence for the present, at least, nearly all our efforts are concentrated upon the field as indicated aoove. New Departures Dangerous. Many may find fault In our refraining from direotly entering the political arena by the nomination of candidates' for national and State offices and will point to results In Eng land and otber countries for onr emulation. In considering this question it must be borne in mind that the bona fide labor movement, as expressed in the trades unions of America, is muoh younger, both in years andexperience, than It is abroad, and that the element of time is an important factor for the rank and file to mature that confidence in the wisdom and honesty of their leaders, which is as necessary a pre requisite to the party entering the field of polltios, as it has been In that of eoonomics. Whatever has been gained for the tollers in onr country has been the achievement or the trades unions, and it would be most un wise, not to say anything harsher, to aban don the organization, position and methods of past snocess to fly "to others we know not of." More than half of the battle of labor has already been won. No really Intelligent man to-day disputes the olalms of labor. The stage of ridicule is happily past; the era of reason has taken'lts place; and what is now needed is the means and the power to enforce onr claim. To that end we are marshalling onr forces, and we will demonstrate to the world that the demands and struggles of the toiling masses, while ostensibly and immediately concerned with their own im provement and emancipation, will develop the possibilities, grandeur and true nobility of the human family. Having mapped out bur course, the mem bers of the American Federation of Labor can look on the coming Presldental cam paign with a degree of equanimity not often attained by the average oltlzen. The ex citement and turmoil, criminations and re criminations will not rend our organization asunder, as it has done so many others; and during it all, and when the blare of trumpets has died away, and the "spell-binders" have reoelved their rewards, the American Fed eration of Labor will still be found plodding along, doing noble battle in the struggle for the uplifting of the tolling masses. HOBSFO'hDS ACID PHOSPHATE For Sunstroke. It, relieves the prostration and nervous derangement. It Saves tbe Children. Jlr. G H. Shawen, "Wellsville, Kao., says: ' "It is with pleasure that I speak of the good Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and Diarrhoea Bemedy has done my family dur ing the last fourteen years. In the most obstinate cases of summer complaint and diarrhoea among my children it acted as a charm, making it never necessary to call in a physician. I can truthfully say that in my judgment, based on years of experience, there is not a medicine in the market that is its equal;" WThsu Prndent People Who look toward provision for old age, giv ing them an Income during their unpro ductive period. Investigate the dividend en dowment policy of the Home Life Insurance Company. For an illustration send age, name and address to H. B. Moeser, Manager, 531 Wood street, Pittsburg, Pa. wssn Are Ton Going Out ot Town? If so, do not leave silverware or other valu ables in tbe house, but store them in tbe safe deposit vaults of the Farmers' -Deposit National Bank, 66 Fourth avenue, where, at a small cost, you can have absolute protec tion, d Alkali In soap irritates and roughens thn skin. Avoid this by using Walkers Family Soap. It contains no alkali. It is all soap. ' Small In size, great 'In results;. De Witt's Little EarlyBlsers, Best pill for constipation best for Hole headaone aad sour slum nil LAWYERS LOCKHORNS; A Tilt Between Two Attorneys During the Trial of a Case. WANTED TO SEE HIM OUTSIDE. Application for the Incorporation of & New Borough. THE NEWS OP THE COUNTY COURTS Dennis Mc Aleer was tried in the Criminal Court yesterday for malicious trespass in taking flowers from the garden of Attorney .John Marron and acquitted, the costs being placed on Mr. Marron. The attorneys in.the case, William Bear don for the prosecution and A. H. Bowand for the defense, had quite a tilt during the trial Mr. Beardon, in speaking to the jury, .remarked that Mr. Bowand had a queer idea as to what constituted larceny. Mr. Bowand at this jumped up and ap pealed to the Court. He said Mr. Beardon had said such things before, and he wanted it stopped. Mr. Beardon went on with his address as if there had "been no interrup tion, but Mr. Bowand banged his fist on the table and said if he couldn't stop Mr. Beardon in court he would stop him out side. He said ho would see him outside, and Mr. Beardon replied, "You can see me anytime." "We must have order; I'll commit you both," exclaimed Judge Magee. "You can't commit me," said Mr. Bear don. "I haven't done anything but address the jury." "You are adding to it," replied the Court. The attorneys finally subsided and the case was finished. Six Months for Bigamy. Thomas Thompson, charged by Agnes Millward, of the Twenty-third ward, with bigamy, pleaded guilty, and was sentenced six months to the workhouse. Ted Hershey pleaded guilty to assaulting Anna Thomas, aged IS years, of Sawmill alley, Allegheny. He was sentenced five years to the peniten tiary. AdamGilmore pleaded guilty to tbe larceny of some chickens from John Gilllng ham, orsnnnyslde. He was sent 30 days to the workhouse. Z. T. Heiiman was acquitted of assault and battery on John Popadln at MoEeesport. Michael Bill pleaded guilty to assault and battery on Alfred Dearden, of the Third ward. He was sent' ten days to the work house. .Andy Aufdenwez pleaded guilty to aggravated assault and battery on John Block, at Bankln station. He was sent one year to the workhouse. Howard Server pleaded guilty to tbe larceny of some watehes from Lizzie Brethaner, of Fifteenth street. He was sent six month to the work house. William .A. Stair pleaded guilty to assault and battery on G. W.-Beck, of Mill vale. He was sent ten days to the work house. Julia Seedelskv pleaded guilty to assault and battery on Kularina Hebar, and was sent one day to the workhouse. Thirty Days for Two Dollar. Jacob Begg pleaded guilty to the larceny of $2 from Peter Bentmyer; of Allegheny. He was sent 30 days to tbe workhouse. Ida Klrkpatrick, -alias Mr. Joe Hays, pleaded guilty to selling liquor without lioense at Ellsworth avenne, Allegheny. She was fined (Sdo and sent three months to the workhouse. John Gorman, on two charges of laroeny of clotntnjr, was sent one year to the workhouse. Joseph Dougherty, for assault and battery on Frank Mauelll, of Lawrencevllle, was sent SO days to the work house. Edward Bettko was acquitted or pointing firearms at Ellen Welsh, oi Brad dock, The jury-Is out in the case or George Gaub, tried for assault and battery on, James Byers, on Liberty street. TBACTI05 E0AD SUITS. Trouble Caused by a Silver Dollar and by an Accident. , Henry White entered snlt for $1,000 dam ages yesterday against the Central Traotlon Company and J. C.Warren a conductor. It is alleged that on last Friday White boarded a Center avenue car and tendered Warren a silver dollar out of which to take the fares for himself and two companions. Shortly afterward the conductor olalmed that the boy had given him a counterfeit dollar and bad him arrested. ' At the hearing the next morning White was discharged, and it 1 olalmed tbe coin in question proved to be a genuine. ' James Gammon wants $500 from tbe same company for being injured on a oar at tbe Fifth avenue powerhouse on May 0. He was a passenger and the car lodged ill the vault, throwing him against ths grip lever. iHo filed bis claim for damages yesterday. Damages for False Arrest. John Miller entered a suit for $10,000 dam ages yesterday against W. E. Smith, On September 15, 1891, Smith sued Miller before Magistrate Succop on a charge of pointing fire arms. Tho defendant was held for. court, but at the trial of the case was ac quitted and now wants damages for false arrest. All tbe Stolen Goods Bold. The County Commissioners' sale of stolen goods was concluded by Auctioneer Smith son and W. W. Murray yesterday. The pro ceeds for the silks, dress goods, etc. sold amounted to $640. CBEATIKO A HEW BQB0UOH. The Grand Jury Also Passes Upon a Pe tition for Annexation, Tbe grand jury yesterday favorably con sidered the application for tho incorpora tion of the borough of Oakdale. It will be Created out of North Fayette township. They also passed favorably on the petition for the annexation of land of .Shaler town ship to MUlvale borough. The following true bills were returned: Andy Aurdenwajr,' aggravated 'assault and battery; Edmonla Banks, John McCaffrey, assault and battery; Ludwig Eisen, Arthur Portxer, Charles Stewart, entering a build ing with felonious intent; Adam Gllmore, larceny; Otto Mornig, John-Koch, Henry St. Clair, malicious mischief; Max Schneider, furnishing llqnor to minors; Thomas Thomp son, bigamy. The only ignored bill was Henry Ochsen hlrt, aggravated assault and battery. IISTE5INQ TO APPEALS. Exceptions Taken to the Assessment Hade by the County. Appeals from oounty assessments were continued before Judges Ewlng and White yesterday. In the matter of the Lincoln township appeals an order was made dis missing at the costs of tbe appellants tbe ap peals or Jaoob Dlebl, John Dale, David Fin ney, M. Friedhoffer, Kaler heirs, C. Weisert, J. McCarthy, J. Hays, Keystone Land Im- Srovement Company, John Linn, Henry riot, John Hook, B. O'Neil, John MoClure, W. a Pollock, F. A. MoClare, and William Woods. The assessment of K. IL Couguey was reduced from $31,000 to $15,000, and that of Sarah C. Edmundson was reduced from $13,000 to $10,600. r A Friend Indneed Me To try Hill's Pile Pomade, whiohl did with more than satlsiaotory results, as one paok age has wrought a complete cure after IS year of suffering. I advise all sufferers from piles to try what I believe Is tbe only Bosltive cure for piles Hill's Pile Pomade, has. Anderson, Ogdensburg, N. Y. Bememner, it is the only remedy sold with a printed guarantee with each paokage. Price, $1 00; six for $9 00, by mail. For sale by Job. Fleming & Son, 413 Market street, w A New Kind of Insurance. ' For twenty-five cents you can insure yourself and facsily against any had results from an attack df bowel complaint daring the summer. One br two doses of Chamber lain's Colic, Cholera and Diarrhcoa Bemedy will oure any ordinary case.. It never fails and is pleasant and Bafe to take. Ho family can afford to be without it. For sale at 25 and CO cents per bottle by druggists. WTnSU Da Witt's Little Early Blsers. Best pill for biliousness, slok headache, malaria. KEW ADVERTISEMENTS. VtGLAIRD claims our patronage on the following points of superiority, which no other house in our line dan gainsay; THE LARGEST STOCK, THE BEST SELECTION, THE LOWEST PRICES, THE BEST G00iS. LAIRD'S SHOE STORES. SPECIAL BARGAIN PRICES. " tfH . Fine Cloth Top Boots, Patent Tips, latest style, fi.So, $2, $2.50 to $4. Ladies' Oxfords, tip or plain,, Over 150 styles, 74c, 99c, $1.25103.50. Fine Cloth Top, Spring Heels, "Misses' and Children's, 99C, x.5, $1.50, $2. ' -9flflKy29C 4bibH jZ 2L jul Jul JUL 32 3L JUL 3 3 jZ i V DnrDflpr vnnpcn wrc m V .V., V rVr, V Vl rV, rVn V 1V.1 .V.i .V. uun n RT ihIbV Gents' Summer Ties, in Kangaroo, Dongola, Patent Leather, $2.90, $3.90, $$. IP YOU VALUE YOUR DOLLARS CATCH ON IHKD tit, $15, $12 m W SMS FOE IB SJ1LL SIM OF "U WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, MM I Boys' and Youths' Bals Or Buttons (warranted), 99c, 1.24, $1.48, $2. tY ' " ' TT u - - ""TsssV "'M jm Choice of our entire stock of LIGHT COLORED SUITS between the prices of $10 and $18 for $7.75. Don't miss this opportunity to get a stylishly cut and handsomely made suit for a song. They are cheap in nothing but price. SACKS, FROCKS and CUTAWAYS. BOYS' CLOTHING. 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LAIRD, Wholesale and Retail Dealer, 433-435 WOOD STREET AND 406-408-410 MARKET STREET. Wholesale Department Over Our Wood St Retail Stord DEALERS SUPPLIED AT LOWEST PRICES. Je28-lorwTn $10.00. Great value these. LADIES' MUSLIN UNDERWEAR: Four bargain specimens : Ladies Corset Covers, 7c. Ladies' Drawers; Hamburg ruffling and tucks, 23c. Ladies' Skirts, tucked and deep hem; 24C. Ladies Gowns, Mother Hubbard style, tucked and embroidered, 49c. , UNDERWEAR: Your Choice from an immense line of Summer Underwear, in plain and fancy colors, regular 75c goods for 49 C. MEN'S SHOES: Men's Canvas Baseball Shoes; just the thing for picnic and "outdoor wear, only 98c Tennis Shoes for ladies, -misses, boys and children. GIT Q XT VC 300 TO 40Q 'MARKET STREET WELL BRED, SOON WED." GIRLS WHO USE SAPOLIO ARE QUICKLY MARRIED. TRY IT IN YOUR NEXT ap8-65-im HOUSE-CLEANING. DON'T be misled by low- prices sometimes they're too low. 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