TUje Bf&.
ESTABLISHED FEBRUARY 8,
1846,
Vol. 47. So. CS. Entered at Pittsburg Fostofflce
X ovember, 1887. as second-class matter.
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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13, 1892.
TWELVE PAGES
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ANARCHY AT HOME.
Two self-styled Anarchists have been
placed under arrest for arson in Brooklyn.
Time was -when the horror in which An
archists were held was tempered to some
slight extent by an admiration for the
strength of political principles which led
men to defy the law" and declare war on
civilization at the risk of their lives. To
day society is confronted on all sides with
men too idle to -work, who simply prefer
to cover the nakedness of their criminality
with a political clothing.
Ravachol, the Parisian Anarchist, was
a common murderer and pilferer whose
cunning was only equaled by his
cowardice, and whose disregard of public
safety was only surpassed by his general
moral obliquity. The men who have been
making use of chemical knowledge in
Brooklyn to secure insurance premiums
by fraud, thus endangering the lives of
their fellow beings, are no more moved by
principle than is the pickpocket or the
sneak thief.
One of .the gang, whose scientific knowl
edge was the most dangerous feature of
the organization, is still at large. He is
said to be a Portuguese, and it will prob
ably be found that he has sought this
country because he was too urgently
wanted in his own. This should be a
fresh warning to exercise special care at
this time to exclude intending immigrants
fleeing from the law of their own land.
"We havejnore criminals than is.good for
us now. There are enough of them bom
in our country to provide occupation for
our police, and we neither need nor desire
the refuse of Europe.
GORMAN'S PKESIDENTAL IDEA.
It is interesting to find evidences In the
political literature of the day that Senator
Gorman, of Maryland, continues to take
himself seriously as a Presidental quality.
The fact that the Calumet Club of Balti
more, one of the leading political organi
zations of -the Senator's State, has pro
nounced for Cleveland was at first taken
as evidence that Gorman has "followed the
advice of Wolsey and laid aside ambition.
But it is gravely explained that while
Gorman is not in the race for the nomina
tion this year, he is acting with a view to
his chances in 1896. If Cleveland Is nom
inated and elected which comprises a
rather large "if he cannot expect
another term. But if Hill were nomina
ted and elected an equally large contin
gencyhe would expect to be re-elected.
Therefore Gorman favors Cleveland in
order to keep the track clear for himself,
four years hence.
This exhibits a peculiar idea of the pos
sibilities of politics. Gorman, as a Presi
dental candidate, would have all of Hill's
faults without any of the excuses for put
ting him in such a.position of leadership.
He is at the bead of a political ring as un
scrupulous as Tammany and only less
notorious because it has not such a wide
and rich field of political plunder. He
has all of Hill's shiftiness and insincerity
on such public questions as the coinage,
and has the same reliance on the arts pf
wire-pulling and the distribution of pat
ronage for political rewards and punish
ments. The only thing that ever gave
nill any prominence as a Presidental pos
sibility was his supposed control of the
Democratic machine in a State whose
electoral vote is large and pivotal. But
this pretext is wholly .absent in the case of
Gorman, who carries in his pocket the
vote ot a State with but eight electors
which are certain to be given to any
Democratic candidate.
The nomination of Hill would be
suicidal for the Democracy. But the nom
ination of Gorman would be evidence that
the Democracy is so determined on suicide
as to resort to it without provocation.
COMMERCIAL, AGENCIES' LIABILITY.
If the verdict rendered in New York in
the case of the City National Bank of
Birmingham against R. G. Dun & Co. is
to stand as a precedent, the commercial
agencies must change their methods of
business or put up their shutters. The
case was one in which the plaintiff asked
the defendant for a report on the standing
of a man, and, the rep'ort being favorable,
the bank discounted paper and when the
debtor failed sued the agency for the
amount and recovered judgment
This puts the commercial agency in the
light of an guarantor of the liabilities
of those whom they report to be worthy
of credit The impossibility of such an
attitude is plain from the fact that there
, is no definite limit to the credit which
may be extended after the favorable re
port has been made. It should be said
that the charge of Judge Shipman in the
case was clearly that the claim against the
agency could not be upheld except on
proof that its report was made fraudulently
or negligently. 'Whether the jury found
any evidence of fraud or negligence does
not appear in the reports; but after such
a charge it can be presumed that the
verdict for the full amount of the claim
with interest was. simply one of those
peculiar eccentricities of the jury system
that are observed at occasional intervals!
If this verdict establishes the rule the
commercial agencies will have their choice
between voluntarily winding up their
affairs or having it done for them by the
Sheriff. It would place on their shoulders
the burden of paying for a large share of
..
it need not be concluded in a hurry either1
that this verdict will stand as law or that
the agency will have to pay this partic
ular" claim. It will be less hazardous to
expect that the verdict will be set aside
and a new trial ordered.
PRATER AND PERQUISITES.
A flurry was caused in the Ohio Legisla
ture the other day by the too urgent prayer
of a clergyman whose turn it was to open
the proceeding. Legislators are prone to
criticise the prayers with which their pro
ceedings are inaugurated, thus indicating
a new point of conflict between thescience
of politics and the church. But this
flutter has its distinctive features.
The Rev. Francis Marsten, one of the
Columbus clergymen who share the gra
tuitous duty of praying for the Legisla
ture, touched in his invocation on a point
which the legislators seem to regard as a
forbidden topic H i asked the Deity to
remember those statesmen "gathered here
in this maelstrom of iniquity," fraud and
'corruption;" referred to the fact that the
Legislature was looked upon with sus
picion by the people; asked for a delivery
from "the bribes, bribers and bribe-takers
in our midst," and prayed that the mem
bers be "kept from the way of tempta
tion." And the legislators were very
wroth.
At first there was a disposition to dis
cinline Mr. Marsten at least to the extent
of calling on him for an explanation of
his language. But a conference on the
subject decided not to take that course
and let the matter drop. We cannot suf
ficiently applaud the discretion of that
course. The legislators might claim that
the prayer placed them in a false position
before the Deity to which it was ad
dressed; but the embarrassing rejoinder
might be made that the falsity of the
position was due to their own acts. Be
yond that when the real point of the peti
tion was that the law-makers be delivered
from bribes and bribers, and kept out of
temptations an objection to it might
provoke the crushing inquiry whether
they were afraid that the prayer would be
answered.
The legislators had better let the clergy
men pray for them in any terms the latter
may choose. It cannot barm the members
at all; but it may be regarded as an in
teresting prayer test to wait and see
whether such petitions produce any visible
mitigation of the ways of boodle.
ECONOMY -WITHOUT STINT.
Several strong arguments in favor of
Representative Duburrow's bill appro
priating $7,000,000 to carry into effect the
World's Fair Act were advanced before
the World's Fair Committee yesterday.
The whole question resolves Itself into
one of how much money careful and
business-like estimates show to be
necessary for the purpose. Thn national
credit has been pledged to individual
States and to foreign nations. No stint
'must be allowed to interfere with the suc
cess of -the project as now planned,
though thorough economy should be ob
served, and It Is to be regretted that the
scheme has been allowed to reach such
vast proportions.
The estimated cost should be Itemized
in detail as far as possible, that no open
ing may be left for wastefulness under
such heads as "miscellaneous expenses."
Properly managed the expenditure may
be made a profitable investment simply as
an advertisement of national'industries
and products. It is this advertising aspect
of the Fair which should never be lost
sight of by Pittsburg. A good representa
tion of our commerce at Chicago will far
more than repay the most strenuous efforts
put forth to secure It.
AN ABSURD CONSTRUCTION.
There is need for Impressing on some
official minds that common sense goes to
the enforcement of laws as well as to a
good many humbler occupations., A strict
enforcement of the laws against making
any "imitation" of bills or coins, for the
purpose of preventing counterf eits, Is to
be approved. When it was announced
recently that the law would be so con
strued as to forbid the printing of a pic
ture of a silver dollar it was supposed that
the climax of absurdity was reached.
But it seems this was a mistake, A Chi
cago sign-painter has been arrested for
painting on a sign-board a picture four
feet long of a $20 greenback. Judging
from the average efforts of sign-board art
it is in one sense a high testimonial to this
artist's skill to call his effort an imitation.
But common sense applied to the construc
tion of law might perceive the absurdity of
imagining that anyone would attempt to
pass off a newspaper portraiture of a
Bland dollar as the actual coin or try to
purchase twenty dollars' worth of goods
with the four-foot Chicago sign-board pic
ture. This remarkable method of pushing th
law against counterfeiting to extreme con
clusions appears in a more unfavorable
light' when contrasted with the actual
absence of enforcement for other laws of
the United States. There Is a statute
against trusts and another Important en
actment Known as tne inter-state com
merce law, which are violated with im
punity and to the public injury every day
in the year. There is legislation touching
the civil service which influential politi
cians find no difficulty in evading. Does
it not present a singular picture of the in
fluences which inspire official action when
there is this absolute supineness concern
ing the illegal acts of great corporate com
binations or of powerful politicians while
sign painters are laid by the heels for the
awful crime of reproducing on wood the
counterfeit presentment of United States
legal tenders?
Common sense, honesty and Impartiality
are good things to use In the enforcement
of law. Their application is conspicuous
by its absence in the enforcement of this
absurd construction.
A QUESTION OF RETURNS.
A local cotemporary arguing with re
gard to the relative merits of lake gun
boats and a ship canal as a means of defense
makes this statement as against a deep
water canal. "The gunboats would not
cost more than a million dollars apiece
while the outlaying for a ship canal would
run into the hundreds St millions."
Tho assertion is made with especial
reference to the canal between the lakes
and the Hudson river one of the least
efficient projects for lake defense, although
of great importance commercially. But a
Pittsburg newspaper should have been
aware that the engineers' estimates have
placed the- cost of connecting the Ohio
river with Lake Erie by a ship canal at
$30,000,000.
So far as the question of economy is in
volved, the advantage is all on the side of
the ship canals; because a large invest
ment which yields a constant return is
much better than a small one which yields'
the liabilities disclosed by commercial
agencies. With the peril on the other
hand of being sued for damages in case
tbey make unfavorable reports on Incor
rect grounds, our friends like Bradstreet
and Dun & Co. may aptly be described
as between Satan and the deep sea. But
no return at all except' in an' improbable
event, and then an Inadequate one.--Eyery
million dollars put into lake war vessels will
be dead capital exespt in the case of war
with Engiand. If the United States should
get into a war with any other government
its lake vessels would be utterly unavail
able. If it should get into a war with
England it would have an equal force to
ours already on the lakes and could rein
force It at once while ours would have no
reserve to draw on... On the other hand,
every million dollars put into ship canals
will through all the long years of peace
yield a constant return from the cheapen
ing of 'transportation.
Both in peace and war the ship canals
will be far more jiseful to the country than
any such half-way and foolish expedient
as 'disturbing the settlement of 1819 for
the sake of building a few vessels to lie
idle until we get Into a quarrel with Eng
land. The corporate influences may be
loth to have this fact recognized, but it is
too manifest to be ignored.
The first spadeful of earth has been dug
In preparing a wigwam for the Chicago Con
vention. The grave digging for Tariff "re
form's" representative was begun In earnest
by the Rhode Island election.
Some enterprising publisher should com
pile a Presidental letter-writer. There Is
abundant material for the purpose, and
future candidates would be saved mucli
labor by a perusal of the good, bad and in
different effusions of their predecessors.
The tendency is so great toward an increase
of aspirants to the occupation of the Execu
tive Mansion that a wide circulation for
such a book is almost a foregone conclusion.
World's Fair appropriations or loans
are to be judged by the items necessary and
the returns expected rather than by tne
mere grand totals with their appalling vast
ness. Befobe the "World's Fair Commission
yesterday, In speaking of expenses neces
sary forjudges and examiners, John Boyd
Thatcher said: "In this country it would
not be fair to ask competent men to aot
without recompense." This is perfectly
true, and it is a sad Indication of tho preva
lent American patriotism which almost uni
versally demands a monetary return for its
service!
"Xheee is plenty of money in the
country," says a contemporary. Of course
there is. The only tronble is that it is a good
deal too gregarious. It flocks together too
much.
Cleveland's letter to a Chattanooga
supporter is worthy the attention of cer
tain other Presidental possibilities. A man
with modesty bold enough to admit doubts
as to the wisdom of his party, should it nom
inate him, is well on tho way to the philos
ophy which abolishes disappointment by
an absence of that expectation which is its
most fruitful source.
FEOJI one point of view the small mi
nority which voted against the Chinese ex
clusion bill was so select as to be more ex
clusive than the majority which supported
it.
Professor Garnieb studies the Simian
tongue by means pf a phonograph charged
"in one cage of monkeys and discharged in
another. He should try the effect of filling
an instrument with volapuk and then let
ting it loose among the monkeys. But it is
probable that the Humane Society would od
Ject to such cruelty even in the interest of
linguistic science.
Pittsburg has won the first ball game of
Its season. Last year's record prompts the
warning that a good beginning must not be
regarded as an excuse for a bad finish.
Since State Legislatures are supposed to
be elected by popular suffrage, it is bard to
understand why they should be better
qualified to elect United States Senators
than are the voters whom they represent.
Yet it appears to be Senator Chandler's
opinion that the people are not to be trusted
with the direct power of choosing Senatorial
representatives.
Since Mr. Cleveland's last testament
was addressed to a Bible it should be spoken
of with proper respect as "The first Epistle
to the Chattanoogans."
Oan it be that the dark ages of onr
councilmanio World only ended four years
ago, since objections are raised to the search
light investigation of an audit extending
further back than that! There must be
some reason for the limit, and it can only be
found in an insidious distinction discredit
able either to things before 18SS or after.
Habrisburg is full of Democratic dele
gates to-day. It is to be hoped the latter
will be full of nothing worse than politics.
Ix is natural that the younger members
of the Senate should have been the strong
est objectors to Clerk Young's expulsion.
'Until the farce of Executive sessions be
abolished Mr. Young's character will be vin
dicated by as full an account of their pro
ceedings now as before.
Lubricators for political machines are
in demand in Harrisburg to-day.
Horrible sufferings from starvation and
disease are reported from a suburb of At
lanta, Ga. It is difficult to believe that such
a state of affairs can exist) without the
knowledge of Atlantans and without sncli
assistance from them as would remedy the
evils.
Harrison takes an unusual interest in
spring hoosiery this year.
It is said that Pritts, one of the hunted
Hochstetler murderers, succeeded in escap
ing to the Westjsome ten days ago. By this
time he should have found congenial oc
cupation and companionship with the
belligerent rustlers of Wyoming.
FAT0E1TBS OP FORTUNE.
The Queen ot England never goes to.bed
before midnight.
"The composer, Verdi, told his admirers on
Sunday that he had finished his latest work
"EalstafT."
Mb. Gladstone is. a believer in paper
money, and would like to see one-pound
notes in circulation.
, Governor Brown, of Georgia, wears a
pair of cuff links made ot brass buttons cut
from a Confederate soldier's coat.
'Congressman Cubtis, the one-eyed
Representative from New York, is known
about AVashington as the Cyclops of the
House.
The nearest living relative of Shakes
peaie is probably Thomas Hart, a resident
of Australia, who is eighth in descent from
Shakespeare's sister, Joan.
Pbof. Abthub S. Hardy, of Dartmouth
Colleie, the well-known author, and Mrs.
Haidy, aro making, a tour through Italy,
having recently visited Egypt, Constanti
nople, Greece and Spain.
Lo Sessions, once a powerful New York
State Senator, but now a very much disap
pointed politician, is frequently seen flitting
though the corridors of the House of Repre
sentatives at Washington.
Ashbel Fitch and Colonel Fellows ap
pear to have been the only Congressmen
who had the courage of their' habits, and
confessed, that they had been taking cold
tea In the House restaurant.
Senatob Cablisle recently received a
125,000 fee for winning a suit involving $200,
000 .before the Kentucky Court of Appeals.
It is probable that the able Senator will not
be reduced to 75 cents again in a long while.
Watterson In a New Role.
Boston Herald. .
Hon. Henry Watterson says he is simply
awaiting developments. This is a new role
for Henry.
OF NATIONAL .INTEREST.
Arguments for the World's Fair Approprla-
' Hon of 87,000,000 The Rank of'Llea.'
tenant-General May Be Recreated The
Cool Nerve of CousIn'Ben.
"Washington, April 12. The "World's
Fair Committee held a special -meeting to
day to hear arguments favoring Represent
ative Durburro w's bill appropriating $7,000,000
to carry' Into effect the World's Pair act.
John Boyd Thatcher spoke in behalf of the
Committee on Awards, asking for $700,000
to payjudges and examiners and to secure
awards and diplomas.
Vice President O'Dell.of the local directory
spoke of the plans of the exposition. He
said the Commission had decided that the
scope of the exhibition should be such as to
require the expenditure of more than $10,
000,000. It had determined that the Fair
should be produced on suoh a scale as to re
quire seventeen and a half or eighteen mil
lion dollars, hence the necessity of the Ex
position Comnany for funds beyond the $10,
000,000 required by tho original act. The
further appropriation was asked for because
the great Exposition was going to redound,
not to the benefit of any single locality, but
to the benefit of the entire country.
There was no city so large, no hamlet so
small that it would not receive some advan
tage. The scope of the Exposition had been
enlarged wisely and Judiciously with due
deference to the highest aspirations of man
kind. There Should Be No Curtailment.
Mr. Fred S. Winston, a member of the
Chicago Directory of' the Exposition, re
ferred briefly to the extent to which the
Fair enterprise had grown and to the fact
that more money (about $8,000,000) was ab
solutely necessary to carry on the work so
as to insure the openinsr of the gates of the
Fair. How to get the additional amount re
quired was therefore the question confront
tne management. Some persons might sug
gest curtailing certain features of the entor
Srise, but this would not be done. Chicago
ad raised the amount specified in the act
or Congress. The citizens of the city had
done what lay in their uowor as they always
did in matters of this kind. They did not
want and did not expect to make money out
of the enternrlse. If Congress in its wisdom
thought that under all tho circumstances it
should not make' the appropriations asked
for by the bill, and share with the citizens
the proportionate receipts of the Fair, he
had another proposition to make.
A Second Mortgage for the Money
It was in effect that Congress pass a bill
making an appropriation of $5 000,000, with a
provision that would not di3bar the man
agement from borrowing on bonds the
money necessary above the amount. The
management would mako the bonds issued
to secure the extra amount a first mortgage
on the gate receipts and make the $5,000,000
appropriated by Congress a second mort
gage on the gate receipts.
Replying to Representative McCreary. Mr.
Winston said this proposition had been
agreed upon by the members of the delega
tion now before the committee after they
left Chicago. It had not been brought be
fore the local Uoard, but he (Mr. Winston)
was satisfied the proposition would be
agreed to. Mr. Winston suggested an altern
ative proposition to the effect that Congress
appropriate the money found necessary by
the snb-Commlttee on Appropriations (In
vestigating the World's Fair expenditures)
to finish the Fair, said appropriation to be a
first mortgage on tie gate receipts. Another
meiuueroi me unicago airectory, nowever,
said he was -opposed to this alternative
proposition, and the matter was for the
time dropped. The committee then ad
journed until to-morrow morning.
Big Money Advanced to Foreign Tourists.'
The examination of Mr. Sutherland of
the Treasury department by a sub-committee
of the House appropriation com
mittee showed that out of the money
appropriated for the Government building
at tho Fair, the disbursing clerk of the
Treasury had received $1,100 In commissions.,
The sub-committee will inqulie into this
matter to see whether there "be any
authority of law for the payment of com
missions to a Government disbursing agent.
Chief Clerk Stock, of the Treasury Depart
ment, testified with rcfeience to the ex
penses for foreign exhibits and gave a
statement showing that the larger part of
the $10,000 apnropriated for this purpose had
been exponded in sending abroad about a
dozen persons who each received advances
to cover expenses. -
The effort to revive the grade of
Lieutenant General, which is being actively
supported by Secretary Elkins, .has brought
to light the interesting fact that the rank
has been held by only four officers since the
establishment of the Government. It was
nrst created py law in 1793, and George
Washington, then living in retirement at Alt.
Vernon, was appointed by President Adams.
He held it from July 3, 1793, until his death,
December 14, 1799, at which time it lapsed.
General Washington never held the fall
rank of General of thearmies'ofthe United
States, according to the records of the
Adjutant General's office. After his death
tho rank of Lieutenant General was not re
vived nntil the War of the Rebellion, when,
on March 2, 1864,- General Grant was ap
pointed. He was lollowed by General Sher
man, whose commission ran Irom
July 25, 1866 to March 14, 1669. Sheridan held
it nntil June 1, 1SS8, when being on his death
bed, he was promoted to the rank of general
which he held until his death, August 5,
1883. Shortly before the war General Scott
was made Brevet Lieutenant General and
with that rank-placed on the retired list.
Among army officers there is a feeling that
the commanding general of the armies
should be of higher rank than any ot his
subordinates, and the movement to re-establish
the grade of Lieutenant General will
meet general approval in military circles,
and all will rejoice that the promotion if it
Is provided for will fall upon General
Schofleld, whose devotion to the best inter
ests of officers and men has endeared him
to them in no common measure.
"Cousin Ben" Folsom's free and easy
application to the administration of Piesi
dent Harrison for promotion from the con
sulate of Sheffield, England, whioh he now
holds to that of Birmingham, which in the
it ay of fees pays a little better, recalls some
breezy correspondence which took place a
few years ago. Mr. Folsom was commis
sioned to the position of Consnl to Sheffield
by President Cleveland in October, 18S6,
nearly six years ago, more than the average
lifetime of an officeholder in the United
States. He had not been at his uost of duty
three weeks before he astonished good, easy
going James D. Porter, then the Assistant
Secretary of State,having charge of consular
matters, by a cool suggestion that his salary
ought to be increased at least a thousand
dollars. "I find myself," he wrote, "in the
center of such a social circle that for the
honor of the Stars and Stripes I must enter
tain in a style befitting my position, and I
cannot do it on my present salary.
Please see that it is Increased a
thousand dollars, ir possible bat
$500 at the least." Greatly perplexed what
answer to make to this missive, bearing in
mind the Consul's relationship to the powers
at the White House, Mr. Porter sought coun
sel of his chief. Secretary Bayard, and was
much relieved when that astute statesman
suggested that Mr. Folsom be advised to
make his anplicatlon to Congress. Nothing
abashed, "Cousin Ben" addressed an almost
similar letter to the Chairman of the Com
mittee on Foreign Affairs of the Hoase, and
was no donbt painfully disappointed by re
ceiving a reply that the House committee
only aated in such matters on the recom
mendation of the State Department. The
estimates lor the year 1SS7, as prepared in
Secretary Bayard's office, contained no rec
ommendation for an increase in the salary
of the Sheffield Consul, and "Cousin Ben" has
struggled along uncomplainingly at the old
salary of $2,500 a year until now.
Kepbesentative LANE,of Illinois,from
the Committee on Military Affairs, to-day re
ported to the House a bill authorizing the
Secretary of War upon the application of the
Governor of a State, or Territory to issue
for tho sole use of the National Gnard of
such 8tate or Territory, any 3 inch muzzle
loading rifled field guns, wrouzbt Iron, or
3 2-10 inch breech-loading rifled field guns,
steel or machine (Hotchkiss or Gatling) or
rapid fire guns, with Implements and har
ness for the same, which may be on hand
and not needed immediately for the service
of the regular forces.
A Newspaper's, Gift to Russia.
New .Tore, April 12. About 200 people
attended this afternoon. at the pier of the
Inman line, on the. invitation of Rev. Dr.
Talmage, to assist in asking God's blessing
on the 280,000 pounds'of flour representing
the - first installment of 1,000,000 pounds
which the Christian Herald. has piormsed to
send to the famine distiicts of Russia on tho
steamship Coneinaugh. vThe Concmaugh
will sail in a few days for Riga.
Russell as an Interesting Lover. .,
Chicago News. J . ""
Governor Russell is" very interesting as
the pale and disappointed" lover of fickle
Massachusetts,
THI0BIES OF BAIN PRODUCTION.
Rarefaction of Air May Be a Powerful
Factor In Condensation.
New Tork Herald.
An interesting discussion In the New Eng
land Meteorological Society, touching some
what the practicability of produoing rain by
explosions, has recently been reported. The
question, In one form or another, Is an old
one. But neither time nor discussion seems
to have settled it. Still the controversy may
be useful if it leads to clearer views of how
important rainfalls are generally produced
in nature's laboratory. The eonclusion to
which, it would appear, the New England
"weatherologists" Incline is that of Espy,
that the chief cause of rainfall is the cooling
of vapor in the nir due to an ascensional
movement. Mr. B. H. Soott, Secretary of
the Roval Meteorological Society of Eng
land, also, in a recent address, advances this
view, urging that "the most effective mode
of lowerine the temperature of air and of
restoring the snspended moisture to the
earth again in the form of rain is to cause
the air to rise above the earth." And this
may be regarded as the prevailing view
among scientists.
-,.1!? lt. ' questionable whether this expla
nation IS ,.- ii tha fnll and the final one.
.m!S 't0 nossible to see how heavy preclpi
L" may resnlt from the cold of expansion
mm 'he rapid indraught of moist air in
fyil'ely horizontal lines from regions of
SJ pressure into areas of low birometer.
01 in that case, by expansion solelv. the
J'rjjor laden air undergoes rapid chilling
jVf its vapor may be profusely condensed,
ji 'he degree of rarefaction taking place in
"j higher part of a cyclono conld be at all
B80ertained, it might be found sufficiently
-reat to account for an expansion of the
Tapor masses reaching it quite adequate ro
produce torrential .rains, without any re
course to the theory of ascending currents.
The oft observed dlreot relation between
the amount of a cyclone's rainfall and the
fall of the barometer at the base of the
cyclone is a strong presumption that the
rarefaction of air in the invisible upper
portion of the storm center may be a power
ful factor in causing condensation.
TOO SACRED TO SELL.
An
Attempt to Bispose of the Grave of
Washington's Mother Frustrated.
Richmond, Va., April 12. The Virginia
Supreme Court of Appeals to-day heard ar
gument of counsel in the case involving the
allegation that an option had been given on
the lot upon which is tho grave of the
mother of George Washington. The records
show that the defendant, Shepherd, gave
Kirtley A Kalbert, a real estate firm of
Fi ederlcksburg, an ftption for thepurohase
of tho lot. The sum mentioned was $2 500,
which was to include also the monument
and shaft, which had been contributed by a
New Tork gentleman, but never completed.
The real estate firm claim, and the records
bear out that claim, that they fonnd a pur
chaser for $20,000.
The lesnltwas tbatthe people of Fred
ericksburg held a mass meeting, at which
resolutions disapproving the proposed sale
oi tne sacreo, spoc were naopteu. .air. anep
herd refused to accept the $2,500 and to make
a deed for the lot. The result was a damage
suit Instituted by the real estate firm in the
Circuit Court at Fredericksburg. The de
cision was against the plaintiffs, the Court
holding that the spot containing the grave
of the mother of Washington could not be
the subject of a sale. This opinion will, it is
believed, be substantially approved by tho
Supreme Court, as this tribunal intimated
to-day by refusing to hear argument.
PATTIS0VS intentions.
Now, note the appearance of the little
Pattlson boomlet over the Rhode Island
grave of Cleveland's aspirations. New York
Recorder.
If Pattison refuses to permit himself to be
trotted out as a dark steed some of the
Jockeys are going to be badly unhorsed.
Philadelphia Times.
Governor Pattison enjoys the distinction
of not being a candidate either for first
or second place on the Presidental ticket.
That clears the ground a little, at any rate.
New York Commercial-Advertiser.
Tot: fact that Senator Wallace came ont for
Pattison for President does not necessarily
mean that the ex-Senator Is for the Governor
first, last and all the time. It means that he
is "agin" Cleveland, perhaps. Philadelphia
Call.
It seems to be the idea that favorite sons,
such as Gray and Pattison, may pull away
from the ex-President some of the more
important states and that thus he may fail
in the pinch to receive the expected two
thirds. Washington Star.
A FRiESD of Governor Pattison now
announces that Pennsylvania's favorite
Democratic son is not in the Presidental
race. Cleveland seems to have got rid of
Campbell, Russell and Pattison, but Boles,
Gray, Palmer and Carlisle still think the
nomination should go to a Western man.
And Hill and Flower continue to saw wood.
Buffalo Express.
MONET WISELY EXPENDED.
Great Good Accomplished by the Establish
ment of Trade Schools.
Brooklyn Eagle.
Mr. J. Fierpont Morgan has recently made
himself known in the best way by giving
$500,000 to the New Tork trade schools under
tho direction of Colonel Auchmuty. The
object of this beneficent institution is to
provide yonng, industrious and ambitions
men with instruction at trlflng cost in man
ual and scientific trades. The good which
may be accomplished by such a scheme
wisely carried ont is well nigh incalculable.
What an impetus to this good work will be
imparted by this liberal gift anybody can
conjecture, but the real value of the act of
generosity can be better estimated by those
who are engaged in the undertaking.
Sympathy is a warm and commendable
quality, but unless it is Judiciously directed
the emotion is often wasted. It might be
inconsiderately nsked, why did not Mr. Mor
gan spend his money in buying food and
.fuel lor tne suffering poor or tne city; xnis
sort of icllefis sometimes necessary, but,
wnlving the question how much of this char
ity might be ill-bestowed, a little reflection
will show that muoh more good may be done
in the way proposed by furnishing employ
ment by and by, which will prevent future
distress, by helping ineu to help themselves,
the most fruitful of aid.
ABUSES IB THE Y0SEMITE VALLEY.
Their True Inwardness to Be Brought Out
by an Investigation.
San Francisco, April 12. Special. There
is a good prospect that the facts in regard to
the management of Yosemite "Valley will
soon be brought to the Government's at
tention, and that the valley will soon pass
from under the control of the Stato
Commission. Last night Captain Wood,
of the Fourth Cavalry, and Special
Agent Speers, of the United States land
office, started for Yosemite. The captain's
mission is to select a camp for his cavalry
troop that will patrol the National pane
surrounding tne xosemite vaney. speers'
duty is to ascertain the abuses that have
giown up in the valley and against which
eastern and foreign tourists have com
plained. Some of the principal abuses aro these:
Exaction or tolls on all roads leading Into the
valley, which is a heavy tax on camping par
ties and travelers, allowing squatters to re
tain ranches in the south w estern part of the
reservation. In the valley itself abuses
are numerous, but tho most flagrant abuse
of the prettiest part of the valley is to grow
hay for horses, and exorbitant prices are
charged for-saddle norses and guides. The
State Commission has winked at the very
monopoly in the valley that bears heavily
on tourists.
Not Meant" for a First Class Missionary.
Boston Herald.
It is to be feared that Rev. Dr. Parkhurst
of New Tork was never Intended for a first
class missionary among the wicked.
DEATHS HERE AND ELSEWHERE.
CnARi.ES Bexnett Holt, for many years busi
ness manager of the Weston, W. Vs. Republican,
and brother of Dr. Holt, a leading Republican, and
editor of the paper, died In PaKersburg yesterday
of consumption. He will be burled at Weston.
Mrs. llANNAn W. Boctelle. of Defiance. O..
Is dead, aged 101 years. Her centenary was cele
brated with much ceremony on March 21, 1891.
Mrs. Boutellc was married In 1312. Her husband
and all bat one of her six children are dead.
CnARLES O. Wells, of the Cleveland Plain
dealrr, died of typhoid ferer in Cleveland Monday.
He was an A mherst graduate and held the mile
running championship of the Inter-Collegiate As
sociation for three years.
Dr. Edgar Parker, the well-known portrait
painter of Boston, died at his home In Brldgewater,
Mass.. Monday, aged SI years, after a painful Ill
ness, which lasted two years.
JOXA8 LAUEENSTEIU, an extensive screen man
ufacturer of MinersTlUe, Pa,, Is dead, aged 65
years.
LIFE'S BRIGHTER SIDE.
A Golden Wedding Celebrated in the "East
End Interest In the Free Kindergarten
System Commencement Exsrclses of
Trained Norses Gossip of Society..
On the 12th of April, 1842, George Berry
led to the altar a famous belle, whose name
was Miss Llppincott. Last evening the bride
and groom of SO years ago smiled upon each
other in the presence of their children and
grandchildren and about a thousand friends.
It is so seldom that the span of human life
is extended so that a golden wedding can be
celebrated that suoh an occasion is always
Interesting. It was particularly so last
night. Mr. and Mrs. Berry are among the
most honored and prominent of Pittsburg's
people, and there is not a couple in the city
who have more warm friends and admirers.
The reception took place in the handsome
residence of Mr. and Mrs. George W. Dil
wortb, on Fifth avenue, MrsDilworth being
the eldest daughter ot the golden bride and
groom. The house was full ot flowers. The
idea of the "golden' wedding was carried
ont in the floral decorations, the blossoms
being generally of a golden hne. There
were daffodils, yellow roses, narcissus, etc..
with all sorts of modest spring flowers, sug
gesting that the spring of life can last to the
end of it, provided the heart is kept young.
TJio musicians were hidden in the grand re
ception hall by a screen of gigantic palms
at the back ot which was a lattice work in
which trailing passion flowers were en
twined. In the dining room the center
piece was of daffodils in a basket. Below
them was maiden hair fern, resting on a bed
of lavender primroses. On the mantel
piece were two tall vases containing yellow
and white narcissus, while here and there
thronghout the room were large
vases of white and yellow roses.
The reception room, where the bride
and groom received the congratulations of
their friends, was tastefully decorated. In
one corner of the apartment were palms
that reached nearly to the lofty celling,
while among them was a vase filled with
gloire de perl standing on a pedestal. The
rest of the house possessed its share of the
beautiful yellow and white flowers and deli
cate terns, and the atmosphere was laden
with the flagrance of blossoms. Messrs. A.
M. and J. B. Murdoch were the decorators.
There were a number of handsome toilets,
too many to be described. Mrs. Berry wore
a black velvet gown, with beautiful white
lace. Mrs. Dllworth, the rostess, was at
tired in a heliotrope silk brocade. Mrs.
Childs (who was Miss Dllworth up to last
November), wore her white silk wedding
gown. The religious service in the horse was
very simple, Rsv. Mr. Holmes, of the SUady
slcle Presbyterian Church, offering a short
prayer and making an appropriate address.
Afterward the guests gave themselves up to
enjoyment of a social nature, and it was
into the morning wbon the lastoarriaze
rolled away with its freight of happy vis
itors. Mr. and Mrs. Berry reside at the Ken
mawr. The free kindergarten system is awaken
ing muoh interest in Pittsburg. It culmi
nated last night In a very enthusiastic
gathering at Curry University to listen to
an address on the subject by Mrs. Ada M.
Hughes. She was brought here through the
Influence of Mrs. Cutten, who has a class of
yonng women desirous of becoming kinder
garten teachers. It is the intention to es
tablish kindergarten schools all over the two
cities. A number of places in which the
schools can be conducted have been offered
to the projectors of tho movement, so tnat
there will be no difficulty about procuring
buildings. The members of the Fourth
Avenue Baptist Church, for instance, say
that if a teacher can be found, tbey will
open a kindergarten shool in that edifice at
once. The chief difficulty is to get teachers.
It takes a young woman a year to
qualify for this work, and she must bo
a graduate of a normal shool to bogin
with. Mrs. Hughes is chairman of
the international Educators' Association of
Bnffa lo. Mrs. Hughes is a pleasing speaker
and is thoroughlv conversant with her
subject, as well as'being most enthusiastic.
She gave an outline of the work of the so
ciety of which she is President, and told of
the great good she had accomplished by kin
dergarten schools in other cities. She en
couraged the people of PlttsDurg who are
about to organize a society for .the estab
lishment of iree kindergarten schools, and
expressed the belief that Pittsburg would
have a number of them before this time next
year. She thought the only reason they did
not exist hi this city now was that the sub
ject had not oeen Drougnt up. jurs. ungues
was frequently interrupted by upplause, and
at the conclusion ot her remarks n bearty
"vote of thanks was tendered her. It is the
intention of the ladies and gentlemen act
ively interested in the movementto give en
tertainments and to use other means to raise
money for the education of the teachers, and
for neoessary expenses, such as furniture for
the schools, etc. The idea i3 to take poor
children off the streets and alleys, wash
them and give them different views of life
from those they have had. By this means it
is hoped that the parents will be reached
through the children, and tbat much good
will result in more ways than one.
The annual literary contest for the presi
dent's gold medal will take placo to-morrow
evening at Curry Univeisity Hall.
The commencement exercises of the
Training School for Nurses will take place in
the chapel of the HomOBopathio Hospital to
morrow evening at 8.30. Miss Wright, the
superintendent, says, that she has had a
great many applicants for entrance to the
school who are obviously unfitted ior the
work. She wants intelligent, refined women
people that the sick naturally like to have
around them. She says she has had women
only fitted for the lowor order of domestic
service call upon her In the hope of being
made trained nurses. The work demands
that nurses shall be ladies in every sense of
the word. It is a good-paying business, and
hence there are more applicants than there
would be otherwise.
The Holy Trinity E. C. Church, Fulton
street and Center avenue, will have its an
nual tea party on Easter Monday and Tuos
day. This is always an enj oyable occasion.
The students of King's School of Oratory
gave1 a creditable entertainment at Lyceum
Hall last night.
Miss Kate Conway Macon was to be
come the bride of Mr. Frank G. Paulson nt
Orange, Va.,yesterday afternoon at 4 o'clock.
Some score of Plttsburgers went to Orange
to attend the ceremony.
Bet. Geobge T. Pubves, D. D., made
an address last night in the Grace M. P.
Churoh, Sbarpsbnrg. It was the occasion of
the tenth anniversary of the T. M. C. A. of
8harpsburg and Etna.
BLAIR'S CHISE6E EEI1TI0XS.
The objections of China to receiving ex
Senator Blair as Minister were objections to
our laws rather than to his personality. But
this fact will have no effect on his Presi
dental aspirations. Toledo Blade.
Ma. BLAra can spread his facts before tho
country in the press; and it is his duty as a
patriotic citizen to do so if in his Judgment
these disclosures would tend to the better
ment of our relations with China. Phila
delphia Mtcord.
CoifsnEBuro that Mr. Blair is still a candi
date ior Presidental honors, the administra
tion is displaying a good deal of magnanim
ity in taking up tho cudgels for him
against the Chinese. Is it desired to send
Mr. Blair abroad prior to June? Boston
Herald. '
Ann now Mr. Blair wants the Senate to
"investigate" the Chinese Government's
rooted dislike of him, aud Incidentally to
inquire the reasons for the dislike felt for
him by persons in this country. Mr. Blair 1
getting to be comic New York World.
It Mr. Blair feels any embarrassment over
his ineligibility, from tho Chinese stand
point, to be a representative of the United
States in celestial climes, he can at least
comfort hlmselt with the vefleotion that- he
has a great deal of company. Washington
Star.
The New Hampshire statesman is a candi
date for the Republican Presidental nomi
nation, and no donbt he expects to stampede
tub Minneapolis convention by making be
fore that body one of his famous seven-day
speeches on excluding the Chinese. The
melancholy outcome, however, will be that
Blair himself will be excluded. Syracuse
Herald.
'One of Reld's Hankerings.
Boston Globe.
Whitelaw Held says he is going to retire
from the world of action. We always did
think he had a hankering after the Vice
Presidency.
COBIOUS CONDENSATIONS.
A quarter of Scotland Is owned by
12 persons.
The first mention of writing is found In
Exodus xvli. 11.
It is estimated that there are 1,300,000
Irish in Australia.
A Bank of England note measures fire
inches by eight inches.
A man obtains hismaxlmumheight&t40
years of age, a woman at 50 years.
All Fools Day is traced through every
country of Europe to the Hindoos.
The natives o Damascus are said to
call drunken men victims of "the English
disease."
It cost the present Emperor ot China to
get married no less a sum than tw o millions
of pounds.
Edinburgh "University is one of the
chief medical centers in the world. It was
founded In 1282. t
Fleet street, London, the center of th?
British newspaper world, is never lonely at
any hour of tne li.
The average age of the policeman is 35J
years; averaro service, BJg years; average
height, 5 feet 10 inches.
A paper published in Greenland can
boast of the longest name in existence. It
is ArrangaglioUo Natinginnavnik Busaraminai
Binik!
Germany possesses 24,843 miles of rail
ways: France, 21,393; Great Britain and
Ireland, 19,811; Russia, 17,823; and Austria,
15,442 miles.
In London more fires occur on Saturday
than on any other day of the week, and
more in August and December than In any
other months.
The smallest spots that we can see on
the moon with the unaided eye occupy about
one-twenty-fourth of Its visible area, J. e.,
some 150,000 square miles.
In 1870 the Loudon School Board began
their work with not a single school under
tbelr control. In 1891 they possessed 410
schools, affording accommodation for 428,000
children.
Prof. Biley, whose opportunities for
observation place him among the highest
authorities on the subject, estimates the
loss of food crops by injurious insects alone
at X 100,000,000 per annum.
Burmah must be a heavenly place for
women. In tbat country the members of
the fair sex select their own husbands, and
when they tire of them procure a divorce
for the asking and marry again.
The Empress of Austria lately ordered
that 50,000 rose trees should be planted
around the statue of Heine, to be erected on
her property at Corfu, on a rock over 2,000
feet above the level of the sea.
Judge "Wellhouse, of Tremont, Kan., is
said to be the proprietor of the largest
orchard in the world. lie has 1,078 acres in
fruit trees, and it is claimed that no other
grower on the face of the globe can mako a
similar showing.
One of the presents which is to be
presented to the King and Queen of Den
mark on the occasion of their golden wed
ding on May 23 is a crown of gold, the gift of
over 100,000 school children in Denmark, who
have each contributed a penny.
Earwigs diner from all other insects in
both their origin and structure: they are
hatched from eggs.like chickens. Naturalists
often report seeing the maternal earwig
with her newly hatched brood crowded
under her like chickens under a hen.
It is computed that if the traffic of the
city of London were to be dispatched by a
procession of trains, each with the engine
touching the preceding guard's van, as far
as Liverpool and back, tho first to return to
Euston would find 214,000 persons waiting to
start.
In the Sahara region all the creatures
assume a sandy hue, which, of. coarse, ren
ders them Inconspicuous in their native
home, and among the fishes, especially in
thoe groups of flat forms which llo among
the sand, the skin is all speckled in charac
ter, like the surface on which they rest.
In 1662 a royal decree of Louis XIV.
authorized the establishment of a line of
"twopenny-halfpenny" omnibuses, or "Car
esses a cinq sous." The company had at its
head tho Duke do Roanes and a braco of
marquises and no lea a person than the
gentle Pascal was among the shareholders.
Italian-boot factories are manufacturing
boots of a singular pattern. The heels and
soles are not" sewn on, but riveted to the
uppers in suoh a way that if the heels are
worn down on one side they can bo taken
off and turned round; worn soles can be re
moved in the same way and new ones put
on.
Sir"SV. Hunter mentions a man-eater
who v as Known to have killed 103 people in
three years, and another, which killed an
average of 80 persons a year far the same
period. A third caused 13 villages to bo
abandnned.and 250 square miles ot land to be
thrown out of cultivation. A fonrth killed
127 persons in a year, and stopped a public
road for many weeks.
The Bayanzi, who live along the XTpptr
Kongo, have a strange custom which makes
lite a burden to the married women. Bras3
rods are welued Into great rings around the
nocks of the wives. Many or these rings
worn bv tho women, whose husbands are
woll-to-do, weigh as much ns 30 pounds, and
this burden must be carried by the wretched
creatures as long as tbey live.
In Italian cities the cleaning of streets
is sold to the highest bidder at a public auc
tion. The bidder puts every 400 yards of
street in charge of one man with a hand-cart,
who is kept constantly at work from sunrise
to sunset nnd in the twilight At intervals
largo carts go around and receive the con
tents of the hand-carts. The dirt Is taken to
a factory, where it is pressed into blocks of
about a cubic yard in dimension. These are
placed on the market, and are sold for fertil
izing purposes.
The first battalion of the Argyll and
Sutherland Highlanders (91), after seeing IS
years of foreign service, have Just come
home from Hongkong. The regiment is a
famous one, having been formed so far back
as 1794 at Stirling bv Colonel Duncan Camp
bell, of Lochnell. The men werelongknown
as the "Campbell Highlanders." Among tho
mnny memorable events in its history are
tho foundering of the Birkenhead, 44 mem
bers of the regimentbelng among thedrown
cd; and the fact that it was stationed at St.
Helena when the body of Napoleon 1. was
Temoved to Paris, and took part in the dis
interment. In 1870 the "gallant 91st" were
on duty at the wedding of the Marquis of
Lome and Princess Louise at Windsor.
BHTNKXES AND RHT3IELETS.
"Is your clock on time?"
"It ought to be that Is the waymyhuaoand
bonglit it." Smith. Qray& Co.'t Monthly.
'lis leap year; in his lonely room
The dade sits dreaming of the hour
When beauty In Its bluslilng bloom
Shall strive to make him feel Its power.
And there he stays the while time alts
And sits and waits and waits and sits.
Washington Star.
Interviewer Who is your favorite char
acterln history?
Great Man Well er yon see he hasn't been
written up as yet. New TorkEveninj San.
"What is your husband doing now?"
'Nothing. He has been appointed to an office."
Sew lork Prat.
In his tin cup the blind man a button had
found.
And he sighed as he felt its smooth face.
While a tear dimmed his eye as he murmured,
"Oh. 3e
On th' man wot has acted so base I"
Then a bright Idea struck him and he glanced
swiftly 'round.
Climbed on to the scales, and for pay
Dropped the bat. in the slot. like the Arab of old.
As he "silently stole" a weight
Judge
"Papa," inquired the little boy, "how big
a hailstone did you ever see?"
I've seen hailstones," replied Deacon Iron
sides, with animation, "as big as-a blg-nol
This Is Sunday I Bead another page of yer cate
chism, Samuel VCMeaso tribune.
Ethel Dick, my new bonnet cost 575.
Dick (taking her in his arms)-Ethel. my dear
dear Ethel. Brooklyn Eagle.
So many years ago she burst in bloom,
And still tne parent stem her beauties tax.
She seems a flower that fates unkindly doom
Never to wane, bat evermore be wax.
Sew lork Herald.
Magistrate I must commit you, for you
have no means of support.
Prisoner-Bat I work for s Uvlng. your honor.
"Ha, ha! What do you work atr
"Iwork everybody I can, your tenor. " Detroit
Free Press.
!
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