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-THE PlTTSBUKGr DISPATCH, SUNDAT, MARCH 20. 1892.
ft REVIEW OE SPORTS
Comment on the Proposed Battle
Between J. L. Sullivan and
James J. Corbett.
THE CHAMPION'S TAIL TALK.
Tleaslnt: Snccess of the Local Dog Ehotr
and the Amateur Athletic Contests.
ABOUT A 25-CENT BASEBALL
rettana el the General Outlook of tie "rational
Cine for This Season.
Jackson superior to Sullivan. If they
never fight, then we'll never know whether
or not Suliivau is the best fighter of this gen
eration. And Mitchell -must not be forgotten.
After all that is done and said he is a factor
in the matter, and to tell the truth I would
sooner have seen him against Sullivan than
Corbett, that is, I think Mitchell would
make a better stand against Sullivan than
would Corbett I had a long talk with
"Denver" Smith the other day. "He was
just back from Canada, where he met
Mitchell and Slavin. Smith declares that
Mitchell is certainly eager to fight Sullivan
for a reasonable stake, and he (Smith) is
alsi of opinion that Mitchell can defeat
Slavin. The latter, Smith argues, is to a
great extent a one-handed fighter, and is
likely to be beaten by Jackson.
General Pazilistlc Allaire.
There is considerable safety In saying that
this is destined to be a remarkable year in
the history of pugilism in this country.
Without all signs fail, we are going to have
the great John L. Sullivan in the ring again
and with a native born. Articles of agree
ment have been signed and each party has
put np a forfeit of 52,500. People who are
interested in such matters will know all
about the conditions. The latter, to say
the least, are remarkable because of the en
ormous amount of money there is at stake.
If the conditions are fully carried out there
will be $45,000 at -issue. The Olympio
Club gives ?2o,000 and each fighter puts up
510,000 as stake money. Just fancy that,
ye old timers, who were accustomed to
stand on the turf and see champions fight
for $100 or $150 a side. Just think of two
men going to contest with biggloves for the
fortune of nearly 550,000.
Surely we are leaving the past a long way
behind. Our modern pugilist of a front
rank kind can spend more money in one
night thau some of the old-time champions
fought for in a year. There must be a tre
mendous amount of money in the boxing
business in this country, because the $45,000
at issue must come out of the public's
pocket eventually. The Olympic Club di
lectors must expect that they will receive
more than 525,000. In fact, by giving such
an amount they cannot do other than ex
pect at least $35,000 in return. And all
that money to see a clove fight!
&ome Features of the Slatch.
It is not surprising that almost everybody
interested in boxing and pugilism in this
country should think that Corbett won't be
"in it" when he meets John"L. S. Kor is
It very surprising to me to hear a consider
able number of people stating that Corbett
will never meet the big fellow. I am, in
deed, not surprised at this There never
was a pugilist in any country who had such
a great hold of the public sentimentas John
"L. has of the public sentiment of the United
States. Thousands who have never seen
bullivan and who have little or no idea of
pugilism believe him to be the greatest man
that has ever lived as far as fighting is
concerned. He has been the theme of ser
mons, the subject of pages and pages of
newspaper matter and the burden of talk and
conversation in every nook and corner of
the country. In short, the name of John L.
Sullivan is as much a fireside name as any
name that I know of.
No wonder then that there should be such
a popular notion of the man's prowess, and
tucli an implicit faith in his ability to de
eat anything that is human. This patriotic
feeling"is to 'a very great extent to be ad
mired; personally, I am very glad of it. But
there is such a thing as being too extrava
gant in our belief. Our faith can be so
strong, and we may hold it so blindly that
we may be Jed astray. There ought cer
tainly to be reason in this as in other things,
and if we just reason the matter a little
we'll find that there is no occasion to think
that Corbett will decline to fight Sullivan,
and that the latter will kill Corbett in
if they do meet.
very distinctly what
opinion was when
matched to fizht Sullivan.
Why, some of the most prominent public
writers acciarea mat Aiitcneu would never
go into the ring. Others stated that if he
did go into the" rin- that in two or three
rornds Sullivan would literally kill him.
Sullivan himself talked very extravagantly
regarding what he was going to do with
Mitchell. "Well. I recall things to point
out that none of them happened. Mitchell
ten minutes
I remember
the popular
-Mitchell was
went into the ring and nobody was killed.
And it U safe to say that matters will be
similar this time.
Chances of the STen.
Of course Corbett will be in the ring if all
goes well, and I am inclined to believe that
he will stand much longer before Sullivan
than many people think. To be sure Sulli
van's chances of victory arc much better
than those of Corbett, but it is much too
soon to figure out results yet. There are,
however, tuo or three things that we might
say a few words about. There are sure to
be many people who will bet that
Sullitaa will not defeat Corbett; that
is, a draw will win the money,
for them. Were I to bet on the result and
look the Corbett end this is the only way I
would bet I cannot get it into my head
that Corbett is a fighter, and certainly a
fighter will be needed to knock Sullivan
out Corbett's style of fighting or boxing
is just that kind that will enable him dodg
ing round for two or three hours. If he can
atoid Sullivan's rushes, which he is sure to
do. then it is haid to say what the result
will be.
During the last few days we have all,
doubtless, read of the very tall talk of John
U In one instance he is quoted as saying
that it is just like going out on the street
and picking up 35,000 his fighting Corbett
There is nothing like confidence, but talk of
this kind is nothing more or less than "blow
ing" of the tallest kind, and had any body
else indulged in it he would have been
roundly called ddwn for it It is
talk of this kind that leads to such
unpopular results. These lrothy vauntings
lead the public to expect extraordinary
things, and when these extraordinary things
donot come the public mind is disappointed
into disgust, and the man who has tailed is
won buried beneath public censure. As a
result, therefore, if Corbett makes a. draw
he will be a winner, and a good one, while
Sullivan's stock will fall very low, and if
he cannot defeat Corbett he must not lay
claim to being the "best man who has ever
lived."
It may also happen that Corbett will be
charged with foot racing, just as everybody
has w horn Sullivan couldn't hit. If Corbett
can either by jumping or running keep out
of tbe big man's way, more power to him.
It will be his business, I suppose, to keep
out of the way just as much as it may be
Sullivan's to try and hit him. This notion
of calling a man down because he is not
stupid enough to stind up and allow either
Sullivan or anybody else to knock him out
is the veriest nonsense under the sun.
There is also another matter worthy of
remark. I hold that the contest is not for
the championship of the world. Sullivan
has not won the title nor has he defeated a
man who has. Corbett certainly has no
claim to it The contest is it for'anv title
at all, for the championship of the United
States.
A Few Probabilities.
But the winner of the Sullivan and
Corbett contest will have to fight somebody
else just as sure as we live. If he does not
I fail to see how he can retain the title of
champion at all. For instance, if Sullivan
defeats Corbett the winner of the Slavin
and Jackson contest is sure to want to fight
Sullivan. And there may be a difficulty on
this point if Jackson is the winner. Sul
livan rigidly declines to meet a colored
man, although ha is willing to fight a man
who has contested against a colored man.
I still fail to &ee how Sullivan
has any sound reason for refusing
to fight Jackson. Bnt if the latter defeats
Slajin, which he may do, there will be a
Ia.Ce number of people who will think
t A
KAiii I Fitzsimmons is still without a match, al
though there is a strong nrobabilitv of his
meeting Ted Pritchard. The latter wants
to face the Australian and 'the Australian
wants to tackle the Englishman. This be
ing so they ought certainly to get together.
A contest between-them would certainly be
an interesting one, as it would test Fiti
simmons beyond a doubt Pritchard is a
fighter, and to defeat him Fitzsimmons
would have to stand a deal of punishment
So far in this country Pitz has escaped that,
and until he proves that he can stand a good
thumping we will be at a loss to know what
ho really is.
Maher is to have another try, and this
time with a man something like his class,
viz., Joe Lannon. Maher ought to make a
good showing against a man like Lannon,
and it would have been better lor every
body concerned if Maher had started out in
the Lannon class or even a bit below it
There is little or nothing going on
among the lightweights and bantams. The
Olympic Club still declines to offer a purse
tor Gibbons and Meyer, and I am not sur
prised at that My readers will know what
i naa to say aDom uiooons wnen ne ue
teated Bowen, and the resolution of the club
fully bears out what I then taid. Gibbon is
not "in the Meyer class.
Once more I have a word or two to say
regarding "Denver" Smith. It is strange
that no good club will offer a purse for him
to fight any of the middle-weights or light
heavy-weights. He is in earnest when he
says lie wants to meet Jim Hall or Fitzsim
mons, and has good backing.
The Recent Dog Show.
Pittsburg has fully established its name as
a dog show city. Last year the Duquesne
iiennei jiuo naa a really nrst-ciass ex
hibition, but this year all previous
shows have been eclipsed The show
just held was certainly a good one
in all respects. The dogs were mors
numerous than ever and the quality was
better. The judging too was highly satis
factory and though there were some sur
prises everybody admitted the fairness of
the awards. The immense crowds enjoyed
the show thoroughly.
And let me say that the gentlemen who
have had the management of the show de
serve lots of credit The public little knows
of the trouble and anxiety of getting a suc
cessful dog sho;v established and I'm sure
such Trojans as President Boggs, Secretary
Littell, Treasurer Lvsle, the Denny Bros.
and John Moorhead deserve the thanks ot
all interested in dogs. Mr. Kaper, the
English judge who was here, told me that
he was delightfully surprised at the excel
lent appearance of things here. He spoke
very highly of the arrangements and also of
the quality of the dogs exhibited. But I
am glad to say that the affair was a financial
success and that is the great feature.
The East End Contests.
It is some time since I had a more inter
esting time at athletic contests than that of
Thursday evening at the East End Gym
nasium. Those East End chaps are always
busy with something, and they certainly had
the liveliest and best indoor sports the
other night that they ever had. One
pleasing leature was the crowded house,
and that despite the very miserable
weather. Taking the contests as a whole
they were probably all that could be ex
pected except the boxing.
Somehow or other we, in Pittsbure. can
not get hold of a good amateur boxer; we
haven't very good ones ot any kind, bnt our
amateurs have always been bad. On Thurs
day evening we had a very poor sample,
and really there wasn't much glory in giv
ing a gold medal to the better of the two
who contested. As far as boxing was con
cerned, both Fillenger and Welsh were
deficient in almost everything, and this
has always been the condition
of things whenever I have seen
local amateurs box. To me there,seems to
be one chief reason for this, viz., lack of
good teaching. Every day it is becoming
more apparent that the amateur athletes of
the city should get together and secure a
first-class instructor. Then they would
know the difference between rough and un
cultured slugging and really good boxing.
Thursday evening the contest simply de
generated into a question of who could
stand up and swing his arm hardest It
caused lots of fun, but it was not boxing by
any means. But the next contests the Gyms
hold the boxing contests will certainly pack
the house for them.
The jumping and fencing were all toler
ably fain and very close. There are some
good athletes in the city, and the East End
Gyms deserve all the credit they can get for
keeping these young men before the public
If the Gyms did not exist, I doubt whether
we would have half the young athletes here
that we have.
done it is hardly fair to demand a thorough
going 25-cent rate.
All Are Getting In Line.
Neit week all our players are expected to
be in the city, and then things will begin to
look just as If there had been no break in the
sport between last fall and now. As usual,
everv player who writes to the local club
officials states with the ntmost seriousness
that be never felt better in bis life. To a
very great extent, repetition has weakened
the force of this declaration, because there
hare been so many instances where ball
players have been so broken up as to be al
most unable to write, and still they state
"I never felt better."
But I have hopes that our players, those
whom we expect to be our prinoipal play
ers, are all right I know that they are all
trying, to get into the best possible condi
tion, and I hope they will succeed.
There is still considerable speculation as
to the players who will be retained here.
The other day President Temple assured
me that Denny will be here if suitable
terms can be made with him. The Presi
dent reasons very wisely on this point, as he
said:
"It is just this if Denny comes here and
does not fill the bill we'll lose nothing, and
it ne comes nere ana piars in anything iiko
his own form we will be very big gainers."
That is a sensible way to look at the mat
ter. Most assuredly if Jerry Denny conld
come here and play as he used to play Pitts
burg will have the best third baseman in
the country. That is worth trying for,
particularly when there is no penalty to
follow if the trying is not successful.
Well, if Denny comes we'll have Farrell
in the outfield most of the time. I hold
that Farrell is no better fielder than Cork
hill, while he is undoubtedly superior in
other respects.- But Corkhill is such a
reliable fielder that I don't expect he will
be released for a time at least, if at alL
And still the fact remains that quite a num
ber will be released and I will not be sur
prised if a certain player whom many peo
ple tninK an ngnt turns out not to oe ciass
enbugh. Oh, no! he is not a regular out
fielder. About the General Outlook.
When President Byrne, of the Brooklyn
club, was here the other day, he spoke very
encouragingly of the general baseball out
look. I never met our very genial friend,Mr.
Byrne, without hearing the most cheering
effusions abontthe immediate future of the
National game. Charles always tells of a
bright side, no matter how black he may in
wardly think the future.
But along with his glowing story of the
prospects of this year, he remarked that in
future magnates are going to keep all their
troubles to themselves. He said: "We
are not going to inform the public of all our
little misunderstandings." This is, indeed,
a wonderful resolye on the part of baseball
magnates, and reminds me of a party of
card-players who would retire to privacy
and play. They resolved to make no noise
and simply talk all differences of opinion
over in a quiet and secret way. In a short
time oae or two of them were thrown out of
the windows regardless of resolves to ''be
quiet Just fancy men like Von der Ahe
being "mum" when he thinks he is getting
the worst of it WJiy, even gagging would
not silence him.
But there is, I believe, a general desire
among the magnates to have things go
pleasantly along. They all want to clear a
profit this year beyond nil others, and the
probability is there will be no trouble if
the financial conditions keep all right If
reverses come we may look out for squalls.
Regarding the general onttook I notice
that Al Johnson still maintains that the
present 12-Club League will render itself
into two organization, such as an Eastern
and Western League. There may be con
siderable truth in this prediction, but
whether" it comes true or not I am still in
clined to think that we'll see some im
portant changes sooner or later.
The Western League is rapidly getting
into shape, and no men in this country are
more hopeful of success than the magnates
of that organization. Considering the small
salaries they are paying they ought to
make a success this year as far as finances
are concerned. Peejgle.
THE MODERN MILLER.
His Process Very Different From That
of Old Time Fellows,
THfi HUNGARIAN BOILER PE0CESS.
American Improvements on Methods Im
ported From Europe.
HOW A GRAIH,0F WHEAT IS TREATED
rWBlTTXX VOEJTHI DISPATCH.
Hardly any manufacture' of a generation
ago was so simple as flour milling. The miller
dropped his wheat into a hopper, millstones
beneath swiftly grqund it into a product
from which, there and then, flour was
separated by bolting cloth. Fragments of
wheat that had been only partly ground,
and so could not pass through the meshes of
the cloth, were passed between the mill
stones a second time. The meal obtained
by this latter operation was again sifted,
yielding a flour which varied a good deal in
quality. Sometimes it was fair in grade,
but usually it carried so much bran as to be
quite dark in color, and the bread baked
from it was darker still.
Contrasted with this simple, direct way of
making flour is the elaborate roller process,
first brought to the point of practical suc
cess in Hungary. , Imported thence, it was
developed and improved by American inge
nuity in the great riills- of Minnesota, and
from that State has spread to every other
in the Union. Simplicity is so important
a feature in machinery that had. the old
time mill been as economical as it was sin
pie, its quick and ready methods would
never have been discarded. '
A Machine May Be Too Simple.
The fault in these methods was that, con
sidering the real complexity of the work to
be done, they were too simple. Millstones,
especially when they ran, as they usually
did, very close together, wasted some of the
wheat's best elements and left sticking to
the bran no small percentage of good flour.
What a miller's task is becomes plain when
we closely examine a grain of wheat The
first thing to meet the eye is its branny en
velope. At one eod of this is a little bunch
of delicate hair or fuzz; at the other appears
an. embryo or germ for the grain, it must
be remembered, is a seed. Next is to be
noticed the deep crease which runs along
the length of the grain; this is very tightly
greater effect than is possible with wire'of
ordinary round form.
Unfolding the Wheat Grain.
Cleaned and nrenared. the wheat is now
ready for the first pair of rollers. These
are usually 21 inches long, 9 inches in diam
eter and bear 12 corrugations to the inch.
In contour these corrugations resemble the
teeth of a saw, and vary with the kind of
wheat to be treated. For the hardest varie
ties of grain they are not so sharp as for
soft wheats. To prevent their interlocking
with each other they wind around the roll
ers in a gentle spiral; to avoid splintering
the bran they are no aearer than is abso
lutely necessary to accomplish the work of
each reduction. They are compactly boxed
in so as to be breast high, and through a
little glass window the miller can see now
their work is going on.
As a rule the rollers are of chilled iron,
tough' enough not to need recutting until
after two to fire years' use. Porcelain
iRT FOR THE FAIR,
: s . X&
Details of the Great Fountain Now
Being Chiseled in Paris.
FHOMHS IS HIKING FAME.
The Two Awards to Ee Made by the Society
of American Artists.
BALI 07 THE CUTTING COLLECTION
Purifier or Middlings.
The Hungarian Rollers.
Next Saturday's Contest
It may be worth while to say a few words
about tile proposed football contest that is
to take place at Becreation Park next Sat
urday between tbe local and New Castle
teams. That the match is of great import
ance there is no doubt as it will beyond a
dispute settle the Question of the chammon-
ship iu this part of the State.
Those interested in it tell me that only
bona fide members of each team will be
allowed to play, and that is a condition
which the articles of agreement demand
and it is a condition that ought to be rigidly
stuck to. The match is causing considerable
Interest, not only here but in other cities,
as the Pittsburg team have become known
throughout the 'United States. If they win
this match they are almost sure to have an
other with the Canadian champions, and
that would be more interesting than any
match I know of. At any rate I trust that
next Saturday's contest will come off all
right and that the better team will win.
About the 25-Cent Seats.
During the week there have been quite a
number of objections published in The
Dispatch regarding the proposed 25-cent
seats at Exposition Park. There is nothing
like ventilating one's objections on publio
matters of the kind, because sometimes
these objections are very instructive. But
as far as I have been able to learn the ob
jectors forget one or two important points.
j. nave always been an advocate of Z5-ccnt
ball, but it is useless to argue for an out
and out 25-cent rate here it other clubs
agree to do otherwise. That the local club
is going to have 25-cent seats at all is a
privilege to the public that has been volun
tarily given, and even if the seats are not
accepted by the publio the latter are no
worse off now than last year. It is
quite true that the proposed seats are
to be in a very bad location as far as seing
the game is concerned, but those who want
a 25-cent rate certainly cannot expect to get
things as convenient and as comfortable for
25 cents as others do for 50 cents. There
has been a suggestion made to the eflect
that part of the present "bleachers" be
utilized for 25-cent seats. Thissuggestion
seems plausible enough hut, if 'one-halt of
the bleachers were 25-cent seats,depend upon
it, there would never be anybody in the
other half, cover or no cover. And the
directors do not want a result of this kind
simply because the salaries ot their players
and all other expenses have been estimated
on a 60-cent admission.
Doubtless every season the question of a
25-cent rate is coming more to the front, but
I hold the opinion that an admission fee of
25-cent will not yield to the players as large
salaries as they'are getting now. It then in
fairness to the stockholders becomes a
question of regulating salaries to meet the
reduced admission price, and until that is
TOTAX ABSTINENCE NEWS.
Awothxr rally Is spoken of at the Cathed
ral. The Labor Bureau meets this afternoon at
St. Mary's, Forty-sixth street
The Diocesan Union meets next Sunday at
St Kleran's, Fifty-fourth street, at 3 r. ic
Ma. Tnos. MOClosket will labor for the
spread of Total Abstinence in Clarion county.
The Total Abstinence circnlar sent Out by
Father Lambing, of Scottdale, will bring in
many recruits.
The pledge cards for Catholic school chil
dren are now ready. They can.be had by
addrerslnfr P. W. Joyce, Secretary, 17 Crystal
Bow, Pittsburg, S. S.
All societies should follow the example of
St. Bridget's and secure some good orator,
such as Dr. Leeming or Father Klttell, and
have a lecture before Lent Is over.
The sentiment of the C. T. A. U. is strongly
.gainst increasing the number of saloons.
Bemonstrances wonld have been more
numerous but for the decision of the Court
that no general objection would be consid
ered. SAVE THIS AND WAIT
Until Wednesday, March 83, at 0 A. M.
In consequence of the late fire of the large
wholesale clothing house that recently
burned, over 1500,000 worth of men's and
boys' fine clothing, hats and. other goods
have been saved and removed to the large
building known as 49 Sixth, between Lib
erty and Penn avenue, one door east from
Hotel Anderson. This building has been
closed for one week to arrange for this
great fire insurance sale, and this great fire
insurance sale will commence on Wednes
day, March 23, at 9 A. M. Everything will
be sold at retail 50 per cent less than the
actual cost of manufacture. As the stock
must be sold in ten days, everything will
go rapidly. The appraiser for' the insur
ance company, after carefully examining
the stock of clothing, ooncluded it was not
so badly damaged as claimed by the as
sured manufacturers, and, failing to agree
as to the actual loss, they were' forced to
take the same and turn it into money. Con
sequently the goods must be sold at once in
order to make a final settlement
Below we quote a few of the extraordi
nary bargains that will be offered, and bear
in mind that there are over 30,000 different
articles we cannot mention here:
Men's ribbed diagonal suits, $2 75, posi
tively worth $12 50. You may keep this
suit home during the sale, and if it is not
worth $12 50 "return the same, no matter
what the cause maybe, and we hereby scree
to return the 52 75. Men's fine suits in cheviot
and Scotch plaids, $5 85, positively worth
$18, or your money returned any time dur
ing the sale. '
Men's "Koyal" kerseys silk and satin
lined overcoats in tan and dark blue, $7 99,'
pusiuveiy worm co. xou may Keep mis
coat home five days, and, if not worth $28,
return the same and your money will be re-
iunaea, no matter wnat the cause may be.
Men's fine spring overcoats in several
different shades, latest style, well made,
$4 89, and well worth 518 50 or money re
turned. Meu's suits in fine, fancy andplain worst
eds in several different shades, $7 89, worth
$22. Men's English cutaway suits, $7 99,
valued at $26. j"bu have the same privi
lege on these suits as on the above men
tioned garments.
Men's cassimere pants, worth $3, for 98c
Men's all wool cheviot pants, 25 styles,
light and dark colors, $1 49, worth $5.
Boys' pants, 5,000 pairs in all, at 19o a
pair.
Boys' suits, $1 08, worth $4 50; good
socks, 6c per pair, worth 40c; fine embroid
ered suspenders, 9c, worth 60c; fine flannel
underwearP?o per suit, worth $2 50; men's
has,' 99c, worth $3 75, all shapes.-nova'
hats, 15c, worth $1 CO, and 30,000 different
articles we cannot mention here. "
It will pay you to come 100 miles to visit
this great sale. If you value money don't
miss it Everything sold as advertised.
Now is your chance to get clothing for
almost nothing. We advise you to out this
out and bring it with you, so you get exact
ly the goods mentioned here. This sale will
positively commence Wednesday, March 23,
at 9 a. M-, at 49 Sixth, between Liberty and
Penn avenues, first door east of Hotel An
derson, Pittsburg, Pa,
and snugly folded together. In getting at
the flour within the grain the miller has to
remove hair, bran, and germ, and must
thoroughly-unfold the crease.
This last part of his work was the most
troublesome of all until rollers took the
place of millstones. They open out the
grain's crease so completely that the separa
tion of the flour is an easy matter, even
whenspring wheat, with its hard, brittle
.covering, furnishes the grist
Separation Is the Great Point.
While mills of the Hungarian type em
ploy series of rollers to reduce the wheat,
their efficiency and economy are equally
due to their separating machinery. This
machinery takes the different products suc
cessively let fall by the rollers and assorts
them with nicety. If flour from an old
fashioned mill, such as still may be found
lingering in a frontier settlement, be scrutin
ized carefully it will be found to consist of
flours of more than one kind. These flours,
if freed from their admixture of bran add
other impurities, and divided into fair,
good, and best, would be muoh enhanced in
value. To effect this separation would be
impossible, and yet modern milling accom
plishes What is practically the same task.
This it does by indirect attack. Instead
of attempting to separate and purify flours
in their ground ana mixed state, it sepa
rates and purifies each distinct product of
wheat oeiore nour is made at alt When
wheat is granulated, step by step, it can be
easily rid of its impurities and divided
kind from kind, as it cannot at a later stage
when as flour it rises before the breath like
so much dust Both croups of inventions.
rollers for reduction and purifiers and sepa
rators for treating wheat as reduced, owe
their development to the study bestowed
upon what, not very long ago, millers were
wont to regard as a mere bye-product
A Bye-Product the Miller's Mainstay.
Millstones run in the old, crude way used
to turn out 3 to 5 per cent of their grist in
the form of middlings wheat finely broken,
but still far short of the powderiness of
flour. Formed from the part next the husk.
bard in texture and refractory to the mill
stones, these middlings were at the same
time the. wheat's richest substance, the por
tion most sensitive to the action of leaven.
Millers were quite well aware of their
value, but mixed as the middlings were
with bran, germ and fiber, they were either
run into the refuse heap for oattle feed or
made into a low-' quality of flour. When
the middlings purifier was invented its
cleansed and separated product yielded a
flour so superior to any brand previously
manufactured that millers began to study
how the percentage of middlings might be
increased. This fed to the introduction of
"new process milling," which was simply
high grinding on millstones, the upper
millstone being at an increased height from
the lower.
The process was in turn discarded for
the Hungarian roller system. A very strik
ing transformation has resulted. Whereas
tbe miller's aim had been to make as much
flour at one operation as he could, and as
little middlings, he endeavors to-day to
make all the middlings possible, and. at his
earlier operations, as little flour as he can.
To produce this larqest possible yield of
middlings he uses a series of rollers to break
up his'wheat. That done, rollers in a sec
ond extended series reduce the middlings to
flour.
The Result of Improved Processes. '
Uncounted experiments have shown that
in both operations it is best to proceed de
liberately. Gradual reduction permits
graaiuu purincation, ana no punncatlon
can be thorough which is not gradual. In
abandoning methods that seemed simple,
and which were really too simple, millers
have built up what looks like a roundabout
process. Their justification is in its splendid
results. To-day out of 100 pounds of flour
they will have some seventy to seventy
five pounds of a whiteness and bread-making
quality such as the old mills knew not,
20 pounds or so as good as the old mills'
best, and only the remainder, five to ten
pounds, of low grade.
Let us enter a roller-process mill First
of all we are shown the machines which, -by
means of sieves and air blasts, remove from
the wheat its admixture of cockles, tares,
chips and dirt Next "come the scouring
machines, stoutly framed and covered with
cases of perforated cast iron. These are fed
from the cleaners we have just seen, and
their duty is to cut off the beard of the
grain, leaving it in a perfeotly scoured and
polished condition for reduotion by the
Tollers. Some millers prefer eases mads of
very heavy rolled wire of square section,
wnoss snarp, impinging cages exert ai
rollers give satisfactory results, but their
employment is limited; chilled iron is
easier to manufacture and repair. As we
watch the first pair of rollers at work we
observe that one of them revolves faster
than its mate, so that a grain of wheat
caught on the projection of a slow roller is
stretched out or unfolded by the projection
of the quick one. This action it is which
opens the grain o as to shell out the mid
dlings, without at tbe same time making
more than a trifling quantity of flour. A
point just here to which, the miller pays
particular attention is keeping these rollers
at the right distance apart
The Size or the Grains.
If too far from eaeh other they take no
hold of the wheat; if too nearthey mash it
into flakes which resist the floor-preparing
process following up the "roller's work.
Clearly, then, it is desirable that the grain
submitted to the rollers should be as nearly
of a size as possible. As a rule spring wheat
is small, and winter wheat large, but what
ever the variety of the grain it is usual to
divide it into two sizes before reduction be
gins. For this purpose a rotating sieve, or
revolving cylinder, Is employed. Through
its meshes the smaller grain falls into a
trough leaving the-larger witheut
When wheat has passed throueh the first
pair of rollers the product is conducted to a
scalping reel. This reel is a revolving
cylinder, covered with wire having about
324 openings to the square inch. As the
meal is carried up" its ascending side Ihe
flour and middlings fall through. The axis
of the cylinder is 'inclined, and the portions
of wheat stock which cannot get through its
meshes gradually find their way to the
cylinder's end or "tail," there to be taken
to a second pair of rollers for a second re
duction, in principle essentially the same
aa the first To the second pair of rollers
succeed others, until a fifth or even a sixth
pair is reached. Each pair has more corru
gations to the inch than its predecessors,
and has its two rollers placed nearer to
gether. Fine Ei:m Used tax Bolting;
In following the partly broken wheat to
the second pair of rollers, we left behind us
for a moment the flour and middlings "due to
the first pair's aotion. These two products,
the miller reminds us, were delivered by
the scalping reel as a mixture. He now
submits them to a bolting reel, a frame clad
with silk, having hundreds of thousands of
apertures to the square inch. This reel is
cylindrical, a form much preferable to the
six-sided shape of old patterns. Through
its apertures the flour readily passes, leav
ing the middlings in the reel. In this way
scalping and bolting reels follow up each
successive pair of rollers, their meshes
gradually becoming finer and finer. How
much finer depends upon the character of
the wheat and the general conditions under
which a mill is operated. As a rule the
silks run one number or size finer at each
reduction.
We are shown a variety of cloths, all of
Enropean make, ranging from 576 to 28,900
meshes to the square inch. The durability
of hese silks is astonishing. With soft
wheat a reel will serve six or seven years
and remain in good condition. Wheat
attracts moisture so readily from the
atmosphere that its dampness foretells a
coming storm as certainly as a falling
barometer. On muggy days bolting is so
much retarted that, if possible, the miller
slows down operations. Under his guidance
we now retrace our steps to where we left
the bolting reels delivering their middlings.
We are now to see what becomes of them.
Mixed as they are with particles of bran,
fiber, and other impurities they go to a
separator, contrived upon a principle as
simple as it is effective.
The Process ot Purification.
In windy weather if we inspect the dust
borne to he window-sills at the various
levels of a tall building we will find a de
cided difference in its quality. The dust
which has risen to the top story is much
nner man me oust aepositea at the ground
floor. The wind has carried light particles
farther than heavy ones." This action is im
itated in the aspirators and purifiers of our
mill. A sharp blast ot air is directed against
the mixture of middlings, bran, and fiber; as
the finer and lighter fragments can be'blown
farther than the heavier and coarser they
are separated into their special boxes or
chutes. Purifiers are made in a variety of
designs; the illustration gives an idea of' the
main features in which they agree. Machines
of this type are also set at the task of divid
ing middlings into coarse, fine and low
grades, incidentally freeing them from any
admixture of brau and germ they may eon
tain. These repeated operations are neces
sary because no single one of them is ner-
fect in its results. The processes of separa
tion and purification thus go on hand in
hand, but there remains an important olass
of them to whioh we are now brought
As the rollers have gradually turned out
a finer and finer product a point is reached
where middlings, 'germ and bran are de
livered in partioles very similar in their
minute size and weight The differences
whioh exist between them are too slight lor
any process of separation to seize upon.
The silk of the bolting reel can divide
small particles from large; the aspirator, or
purifier of other type,-can disunite light
particles from heavy ones. Here the ef
fective working limit of both is passed.
ThM Use of Smooth Bolls.
rcoxsxsroanxRca or the msrATcn.l .
Hew Yobk, March 19. Tle most inter
esting things I have seen for a long time are
some photographs recently sent from Paris
by Mr. McMonnies, who, as everyone
knows, was once a pupil of St Gaudens',
and, after St Gaudens had refused the task,
was commissioned to make the great foun
tain for the Chicago Fair grounds. These
photographs show the central feature of the
fountain partially complete 7 of the 11
figures which will compose it being finished
and in their places. The sub-structure is in
the form of an ornate barge, with an eagle's
head at the prow and a range of dolphins
encircling its bulwarks, and on either side a
horn of plenty emptying itself over the
edge. On tbe prow, with one foot planted
well In advance of the other, stands a
winged figure, which we may call Victory,
or Progress, or Success, or something of
that sort, her chin uplifted, her right
hand holding a trumpet near
her mouth and her left extended
with a laurel wreath. Father
Time, with his wings and his beard and his
scythe, stands on the high poop steering the
craft Near him, along one of its sides,
stand four maidens, stymbol'zing the arts
and sciences, and each wielding a great oar,
which rests in a tall ornaraental.rtwloek;
and a similar series of four, not yet com
pleted, will hold the same positions on the
other side. Between these two groups rises
a massive pedestal with the national shield
on its forward face. From this rises a sec
ond, smaller pedestal, encircled by four
children bearing garlands, and on this, high
above the other figures, enthroned in a
curule chair, sits America. Father Time
and the children are nude; the Victory and
the lateral figures are partially draped in
thin, clinging garments, and the America is
undraped above the waist
The first thing that strikes us is the dig
nity, combined with great decorative effect
iveness, of the composition as a whole. The
next is its freshness and spirit, its fire and
"go." Then we note the admirable treat
ment of the figures their beauty of form
and purpose and the vigor and grace of their
draperies. And finally we realize, that in
these classic-seemingfiguresMr. McMonnies
has been surprisingly original. He has ex
pressed American nationality more clearly
than It has ever before been expressed in
purely idealistic art No one who has ever
seen American women could mistake the
birthplace of any of his women. Eaoh of
the six heads differs from all the others; but
each is a clear and strong portrayal. of a
genuine American type.
The four rowers are spirited and charm
ing, but the Victory is more remarkable.
She is daring, energetio and inspiring.
There is youthful power and the ardor
of life and progress in every line of her
slight, yet vigorous form and in
her noble face, rightly conceived in
a more serious mood than those ot her
less important companions. The blood
rnns so quickly in her veins that even the
tips of her outspread wings curl defiantly
upward. And yet the most interesting
figure of all is the America. With her
feet on the globe she sits erect and alert
bnt very quiet, a torch proudly extended
in her lef( hand and her right arm lifted to
rest on the high back of her chair. There
is no need for her to exert herself. Every
thing is being done for her all she has to
do is to sit aloft and exult, to show her-
self to the world and go where Victory and
Time are conducting. The flame of her
torch is blown by the wind of her swift
advance, her draperies are swirled around
her feet and a long scarf floats out behind
her. But she is impassive a haughty
young queen on her throne who knows that
her people adore her and fears nothing
whatsoever from the outer world. It may
look if it will, and may criticise if it chooses
but it can't stop her or hurt her, and she is
very sure that it will not even try.
The figure is just what one the crowning
statues of a great national and international
exhibition ought to be an apotheosis of
national pride. And yet its serenity and
dignity are so great that it does not seem too
self-assertive. And judged merely as a
piece of sculpture it is beautiful enough to
delight even those who care nothing for
meanings in a work ot art
In the photograph only one fault can be
pointed out I cannot think that it was a
good idea to make Father Time use his
scythe as a rudder. This is not true sym-'
bolism but a mechanical effort at symbolism
unworthy of the hand that could infuse so
much meaning into the figures of Victory and
America. Naturally, the scythe could not
be dispensed with, and it was easier to make
tbe figure s action simple and right if It
held nothing except tbe rudder. But Mr.
McMonnies is too intelligent and too imagin
ative to have allowed a difficulty like this to
daunt him.
Of course this part of the fountain is to
stand in the middle of a large basin, and
many accessory figures will Complete the de
sign. I believe it is to be executed, like the
Paris decorations, in some more cheaply
worked and less permanent material than
marble. But it is impossible that, when
the Fairis over, it will be allowed to perish.
It not Chicago, then some other city will
surely see that it is put in lasting shape, for
it promises to be one of the most remarkable
of all the many remarkable things that
workaof sculpture and architecture, $100,
000 to the American Geographical Society
for the erection of a fireproof building for.
its use, ana , to the United States
Government for the ereotion at West Point
of a memorial hall in which "souvenirs of
the military history of the United Stes"
may be preserved, with $20,000 more as a
fund for the purchase of objects to be
placed in this hall and another -$20,000 for
the purchase of a site if' the Government
refuses the bequest
These bequests show not only publio
spirit bnt much intelligence. The will was
drawn only a few months ago, and General
Cullum evidently took pains to inform him
self where his money could "be placed to do
.the most good. There is only one para-
grapn in tnis will mat gives rise to regret.
A few works of art bequeathed as a nucleus
of tbe future collections at West Point
hardly deserve the name, and, we must sin
cerely hope, will not set the standard for
future acquisitions. They include a por
trait ot General Halleck, painted by Laza
rus, who was not a good painter; a bust of
ty same soldier by Ball, whose busts are
not admirable, and a portrait of General
Galium himself, painted by Eliot Gregory,
who has done some of the worst things ever
seen in New York.
The Superior
remedy
for all diseases
originating in
impure blood; -
the
EDICINE
A Spopge Spoils a Pine Picture.
Eighty-nine pictures, which belonged to
the late Bobert L. Cutting, are to be sold by
auction at Chickering Hall on the evenings
of the 22d and 23d. They are now on exhi
bition at the Fifth Avenue Art Galleries,
where each looks at its very best, as the wall
is not crowded and they have been arranged
with a proper regard for contrasts and har
monies. Few of them are large and an un
usual number are very small, but there is
scarcely any rubbish among them, and a
number of works by members of the Spanish-Roman
school give the collection a cer
tain individuality.
Fortunyfthe leader of this school, is not
fully represented. But none of his produc
tions are unimportant, and a water-color of
a melancholy Arab and two sympathetic
dogs, reveals his vigor of hand 'though not
coloristio power, while the interest of a
small painting is increased by its history. It
was bought by Mr. Cutting at a sale got up
by the artists of Paris to help the sufferers
by the great Chicago fire, but before it
reached his home someone bad seen fit to
pass a sponge over it, and as it was painted
partly in oil, and partly in aquarelle, Mr.
Cutting got only the ghost of his gay Span
ish interior. When he afterward took it
back to Paris Fortnny retouched it, erasing
two of tbe figures and putting in a new one,
but he did not think it wie to attempt a
cuiupicte restoration. j e vertneiess me
picture is not incomplete in any unfortunate
sense. Though the background is vague the
figures are not, and though the color is not
brilliant the tone is delightful.
A. Bit or Sober Coloring.
A much finer thing, however, is an early
Madrazo, which shows a group of beggars
and devotees gathered around the door of a,
Spanish church on a particularly rainy day.
Injrecent years Madrazo has painted with a
Very broad and rapid brush and in a very
prononnced scheme of color, sometimes
doing admirable work, but sometimes very
Kempty and superficial work. When he
painted this picture he was much more
sober in his mood, more careful in his work
manship and more reticent in his use of
color. And he painted something a great
deal better than most of the pictures which
we are accustomed to think characteristic
examples. A rainy atmosphere and a gray
yet not dingy light have rarely been better
rendered than they are on this canvas; it is
extremely well composed; it is detailed and
yet broad and vigorous in handling; and the
quiet scheme oi color is enlivened by the
very skilful introduction of a ftr bright
notes. There is no better picture than this
in Mr. Cutting's collection, and I am not
sure that there is another as remarkable.
The four Eicos are interesting to compare,
as they illustrate different periods in the
artist's development Villegas is repre
sented by a strong and clever little canvas
an Oriental armorer's shop, with two
figures. And then if we have had enough
of the Spaniards, Beraud takes us back into
the heart of Paris with an admirable little
picture of the Opera House in winter.
Vollon is almost as superb as he was in
Mr. Schaus "Pumpkin" in a rich-toned
painting of fruit and a gorgeous one of roses
and cherries where a big red macaw tops the
luscious heap. Among the landscapes the
most interesting, perhaps, is a rapid study
of green foliage by Daubigny, bought at the
posthumous sale ef bis works. A Vibert is
especially good for it is another early work.
An Auguste Bonheur, too1' is exceptionally
gooa almost ax gooa as a xrovon in its por
traiture of a flock of sheep and its rendering
of the blue sky, dark blue sea and long, low
coastline. A picture of pigeons in a cage by
Phillippe Bousseau came, like the Fortuny,
from the Chicago relief fund sale in Paris.
The most important event announced for
April is the sale of ail the possessions of the
American Art Association, of Madison
Square. M. G. VAX Bessselaee.
which
may always
be relied upon
to give the best
satisfaction,
is
AVER'S
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MEDICAL.
DOCTOR
WHITTIER
814 PKNN AYENTE, PITTSBCKO, PA.
As old residents know and back flies ot
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dty.devotins special attention to all cnronla
ftStt.N0 FEE UNTIL CURED
sponsible yrnr 1Q and mental dlj
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STftiBLOOD AND SKINS
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Dr. whlttler's life-Ions extensive experi
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ment on common sense principles. Consulta
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treated as If here. Office hours, 9 a. . to i
r. X. Sunday, 10 a. m. to 1 r. x. only. DR.
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Treatment, a guaranteed specific for HrterU.
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To enr any ease. With each order received ror
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e. STUCKY. Druggist. Sole Agent. Nos. M01 aal
1701 Penn avenue, corner Wjlle avenue and Fnltoa
street. PJttiburg. Pa. Use Stu ckr's Diarrtta A
Cramp Cure. 3 and 50 eta. ja-182-eoda
Now, by bringing his final mixture of
middlings, germ and bran to rolls of smooth
surface the miller sets up precisely such a
difference of structure among them as a
separating prooess demands, fie breaks up
the middlings into still finer fragments,
flattens the germ and thoroughly detaches
the bran from the middlings. This last and
fiuest yield of middlings can now be sepa
rated by bolting reels of somewhat coarse
mesh. "When the wheat is of the hard,
spring variety grown on the prairies of
Minnesota, Dakota and the. Northwest gen
erally, the middlings in the last reduction
are sometimes too fine and tough for rollers,
either corrugated or smooth, to have any
usetul effect upon them. At this point
there is nothing to do but have recourse.to
the millstone to effect the final manufacture
into flour. Boilers do quite as well on
mellowed wheats, less tough in texture, and
on winter wheats. A good many large
Minnesota mills rely entirely 'on rollers;
the employment oi millstones for the last,
redaction is, taking the Union as a whole,
steadily declining.
Although millers have succeeded in taking
from their bran almost every particle of
flour, bran still has value as horse and cattle
feed. At first this was not understood, and
many thousand tons of it were cast into the
Mississippi from the mills at Minneapolis.
As now sold throughout the country it la
delivered in two brands, one very fine and
light in color, the other darker and almost
as coarse as pine sawdust The prices for
these products vary from $14 to $16 per ton.
Because they are light and chaffy, they do
not bear transportation to a distance with
profit. That is, with bran compressors ai
costly in operation aa those of to-day.
Geobob Ixxs.
Chicago will have to show next year.
Awards of tbe American Society.
The ,Society of American Artists an
nounces that at Its exhibition in May the
"Webb prize of 9300 will be awarded as usual
for the best landscape, and also that the
new Shaw fund prize of $1,000 will "be de
voted for the first time to the purchase of
one figure composition painted in oil by an
American artist." As this picture will be
selected by the society's jury the award
will in so far be in the nature of a prize,
but, more accurately speaking, ,it will be
purchase money, for the picture li to be
come Mr. Shaw's property; and if a figure
piece is of large size $1,000 is not a very
prize-like price. However, the artist will
eujoy the distinction of being approved by
his mates, and will sell a picture which
otherwise might remain unsold.
Mr. Shaw has hit upon an excellent plan
for forming a good collection, and what
American art needs most just now is an in
crease in the number of intelligent patrons.
The supply of excellent American pictures
is largely in excess of the demand for them,
and I am sure if there were the slightest
chance that good work of a more ambitious
sort than is now common would meet with
practical encouragement we should quickly
see it produced in surprising quantities. No
artist lices oest to paint small "salable"
fiictures only, or to make his living by 11
ustrating while his palette lies on the
shelf. But this is what almost all our clever
painters are driven to for the lack of more
patrons as intelligent aa Mr. Shaw.
. '
Another Intelligent Art Patron.
General George W. Cullum loved his
country well and wisely, and has left a will
thatahoFsit. With neither wife nor chil
dren to inherit a fortune of about $1,000,
000, he bestowed part of it upon friends
and relatives, and part upon hoepitals and
other oharitable associations. But tba
main bequests were 130,000 to the Metro
politan Museum for the purchase of casta of.
-F,j'kwJVmi
1 1 M-il
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BOOT
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take them. It removes false adipose
tissue, and replaces it with that mus
cle and bone which is absolutely nec
essary for comfort and health. Look
out for counterfeits. The genuine
have the name, Eisner & Mesdelson
Co., N. Y., Sole Agents, on every
bottle. su
fits
XBSOItrORTHeMILLlOlf FTJCff".
QME TREATMENT
Vf ITM MEDICAL ELECTRICtTT''
iNMsmk&yw
Bar Blt till YM Mad thfsi hsu.tr AAA-mmM
PEftU CHEMICAL OOu, MH.WAUUE.W13
TO WEAK MEN
iarlrd
I vdttse:
flULl
the effects ot
youthful errors
', wasting weakness, lost manhood, eta.
a valnaEla treatise (sealed) containing
nil Trarmlam for homo cure. PRBE Of cbarffe.
A splendid medical work t should be read by every
man who la nervon and debilitated. Address,
Prof", F. C. FO WXHB, Oloodus, Coon
ael-sx-Dauwlc
WEAK MEN
Baflerhig: from !
Power. Tterveas De-rtny.Ltt,-
CONSUMPTION.
I hava a positive remedy for th above disease; by its
naa thousands of eases of the wont Usd and of long
tending have bees cured. Indeed so strong limy faith
ta its affloacy, that I will sand TWO BOTT121 nn, with
a VALUABLE TREATISE onthisdbeaastoaarsuf.
rarer who will send ma thmr ExTrees and P. O. address.
T. A. Slocnm, H- C, 183 Pearl a"., N. Y.
deZJ-U-wksu
FREE TO MEN
have a DMltfVss eturt) for tbe
vMMMa. TTmliaww nemmaPs
effects of nlTatxasi
LAMorBoaas
Power.Impoteneyfte. Bognatlaourfalfhlnour
we will send one fall snnfb'a madlelae am
Mloatxs Information JTmSB. Address
-9, M, Ce MstoMt'wny, XartfTork.
t&Tll'.lS'a
WawIUsendyonavalnabli book (sealed)
of charge containing rail particulars for a
permanent cure. Address: HAN MATE"
304 Ollv
tngf
Lddi
. Sf . T rm Vft.
DB. SANDKS'S
ELECTRIC BELT
With Electro-Magnetic Suspensory I
Latest Patents! Best Improvements!
Will ears without medicine aU Weakness resulting
from over-taxation of brain, nerve forces, ei
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bility, sleeplessness, languor, rheumatism, kid
ney, liver and bladder complaints, lame back, lum
bago, sciatica, general Ill-health, etc. This Elec
trio Belt contains wonderful Improvements over
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by wearer or we forfeit 15.000, and will eura allot
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other remedies failed, and we give hundreds of
testimonial! In this and every other State.
Our Powerful IMPROVED ELECTRIC SUS
PENSORY, the greatest boon ever offered weak
men. FREE with ALL BELTS. Health and vigor
oua strength GUARANTEED In CO to SO days. Send
for Illustrated pamphlets, mailed, sealed, free.
Address.
BAJOXEX XXECTBIO CO,
fell Mi 1IW. Mo. m Broadway. Hw Tsr
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