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THE PETTSBURG- DISPATCH. SUNDAY. FEBRTJAET 7r 1892.
18
GERMS IITHE MILK,
Process of Sterilizing as It Hay Be
Carried on at Home Described
by an Authority.
CLEAMJNESS THE FIRST POINT.
The Bsme Cloth or Brash for washinr the
Eeceptacles Hnst Kot Be Used
Uorc Than Once.
HOW THE KICR0BE3 MTJIiTIPLT.
X Scientific Discussion of Long Tern and Colis by
Ephraim Cutler, U.D.
TmiTTZN TOS. IHS DISPATCH.!
The most important element of the do
mestic sterilization of milk, is the knowl
edge that it Trill not be completely sterile.
5o milk can be really sterilized after It is
Ten an honr old, unless it is steamed twice,
on two successive days, and each time sub
ject to intense and prolonged heat.
I have during the past three years, had
from hundreds of mothers, communications
upon the subject of sterilized milk, and
have myself experimented every day for
one whole vear, to ascertain how thorough
ly, and under what conditions milk could
be sterilized at home. As a result, I have
never round anyone who could perfectly
sterilize city milk in an ordinary kitchen,
so that it would keep. I have used every
apparatus in the market, tried all grades of
milk, and experimented with various de
grees of heat, and never could at home
produce sterilized milk, that would uni
formly keep any number of weeks. It is
frequently, and quite irrelevantly, urged
that it is not necessary to keep milk for
long periods, since one can easily prepare
a fresh supply every day. I do not sterilize
milk to test if it will keep, but keep milk
to test if it is sterile. Eeally sterile milk
will keep unchanged for years.
Milk Sterile Only In Xnme.
The fact that one cannot produce perfect
ly sterilized milk at home, is not an argu
ment against the domestic preparation, bnt
it is in reality the strongest of all pleas for
a careful steaming of all the milk that is to
be ued in the family. If the germs are so
difficult to destroy, so active and prolific,
then the greater the necessity for killing as
many as possible, before introducing them
into the digestive system of man or child.
I have known cases where mothers, who
had lost children from intestinal troubles,
reassured themselves by saying, "X felt ab
solutely confident that all would be well
with my child, because I used sterilized
milk " Inquiry often develops the fact
that the milk was prepared by a domestic,
who thought the whole process superfluous
and paid little attention to the decree or
duration of heating; or that the quality and
Ege of the milk was unknown, or the tem
perature at which it was administered a
varying quantity. The milk was sterile
only m name, bat the mere name had lulled
the'mother into a false stcuritv, and tempted
her to neglect other and more important
precautions.
"With this qualification in mind, we may
with clear conscience proceed to discuss the
best methods of home sterilization. First,
the age of the milk must receive careful
consideration. Everv honr the milk re
mains exposed to the atmosphere, or is
shaken by the motion of transportation, it
deteriorates, and the bacteria, (which find
lodgment in the milk almost as soon as it
leaves the cow's udder,) multiply in geo
metrical ratio. The common hay bacillus,
found in all stables, and consequently in all
imlk, multiplies so rapidly that at the end
of 24 hours its descendants number 10,000,
000,000. Eat All the Fit In Four Days.
These germs live upon the milk, and the
microscope demonstrates that under their
operations the fat globules, or cream, grad
ually disappear, few or none remaining
after the fourth day. Whereas, with
sterilized milk no change is visible, even
with the microscope, except a tendency of
the fat globules to coalesce, a process pop
ularly known as a condensation of the
cream. Therefore, in fresh milk we find
fw microbes and many fat globules; iu old
milk many microbes and few fat globules.
Second, the quality of the milk is to be
considered. Cow's milk differs from moth
er's milk, in that it contains more cheesy
matter and less of the necessary fat To
restore the natural proportions we need to
usp milk richest in cream, as the Jersey or
Guernsey. It is sometimes assertedthat
these breeds are less desirable than
common cows. They are occasionally"
cccused of unusual nervousness, and
of being susceptible of tuberculosis.
2o statistics have, however, ever
been given to support this statement, and
none can be produced, even in answer to the
Asthmatos Ciliaris, Magnified.
A As usually seen. B Same with
young growing within. C Young nearly
separated from parent
repeated challenge of Jersey breeders for
facts to support such accusations. It is well
known that in the Isle of Jersey, where all
cattle are of pure breed, they are singularly
free from disease. Proofs are constantly of
fered that both children and invalids thrive
on good Jersey milk, who have wasted on
the ordinary red cow's milk. The fact is
that nervousness and disease belong ex
clusively to no one breed. In my own herd
of Jerseys, the cows are gentle, quiet and
affectionate. They live in stables as clean
as a parlor, are always carefully fed and
groomed, and hence not the slightest taint
of disease has even manifested itself.
Clm'inrs Jlin First Principle.
The process of sterilizing milk is simple
In detail, and easy to describe. The burden
of the work lies in the effort to maintain
uniform and absolnte cleanliness through
out the whole process, not only visible dirt
must be abolished, but the cleanliness of
every articiethat is to be used must, even
to the searching eye of the microscope, be
unimpeachable.
We need first to discard any apparatus
that is complicated in structure," or has parts
Inaccessible to air and light and any instru
ment that might furnish favorable focus lor
the propagation of germs. All bottles to
be used either for sterilization or nursing
should be spherical in shape. Sharp corners
y in the interior of a bottle are difficult, if not
Impossible to clean. Short nipples that are
easily turned inside out alone are allow
ablebut there is no virtue in sterilized
n vjnilk, which must pass through a long rubber
, 'tube often lined" with colonies of germs.
No sponge or brush should be employed
for cleaning the bottles, for after they are
c used, they themselves furnish more germs
' than all our cleaning can remove. Every
-Bil bottle emptied of milk should be rinsed in
caiIirtoCold water and then submerged in a pail of
mtU&iyrti.ter in which has been dissolved an ounce
ssWf common baking soda. When the day's
collection of bottles, are to be thoroughly
washed, preparatory 'for refilling, it facili
tates the process to have ready at hand a
bottle containing white :astile soap dis
solved in water, to which has been added a
tablespoonful of ammonia. With this one
may use a cleyi bit of cloth, tied on the end
to a wire or stick; or may shake in the bot
tle pieces of raw potatoes, small pebbles,
sand or rice grains. Cloth, potato, pebbles
or rice, should, however, not be used a sec
ond time. Wnatever is employed must be
renewed each day. After washing, the
bottle should be carefully rinsed and then
immediately filled with the milk to be
sterilized.
The Principle of Sterilizing.
The principle of sterilizing is simply to
keep the bottles of milk in boiling water
or live steam long enough to kill the germs.
This mav be accomplished with an ordinary
tin kettle or steamer used for eooking, but
is more conveniently done with some one of
Ciliate Epithelium, lalural and -Deformed.
the numerous sterilizers which are offered
for sale in all of our large towns. Of these
the best known are one in which the bottles
are partially submerged in boiling -water,
and another which furnishes, as a receptacle
for the milk, a chamber of live steam.
Both these sterilizers now come fur
nished with round bottomed bottles, which
are not only more easily cleaned, but
are less readily broken by repeated heatings
than the flat bottles.
A variety of stoppers have been success
fully used; rubber, cork or cotton, but for
home use nothing equals for convenience
and efficiency the double cork of rubber and
glass. The initial expense is greafer, but
the saving of time and, the superiority of
result more than compensates for this ex
penditure. There is an apparatus for sale
in Germany, and in America another is in
private use at a sterilizing farm, which
obviates the necessity for double stoppers,
by corking the bottles during the process of
sterilization, without opening the machine.
But these even if they w ere offered for sale
in this country, would be very expensive,
and therefore "not available tor family use.
Details of the Process.
The water that is put into the sterilizer
must be cold; it should be raised in temper
ature gradually, or there is danger that the
bottles will break. The bottles are to be
filled only to within an inch of the top, in
order to leave room for the milk to expand
under the heat The slotted or perforated
corks, whichever are used, should be put
into the bottles before they are placed in
the sterilizer. Having closed the apparatus
place it over a gentle fire, and allow it to
remain about 20 minutes, at the end of that
time the slotted corks may be pushed firm
lv down into the mouth of the bottles; or
the perforated corks should have the glass
point pressed into the opening, after which
the sterilizer may be closed again for the
final bottling. Forty minutes additional
heating, one honr in all, will usually be a
fair average for milk in a tolerably good
condition.
If no sterilizer can be procured, a fair
substitute may be improvised with a com
mon double steamer, such as is used to cook
potatoes, empty ginger ale bottles thor
oughly washed will answer to hold the
milk, and ordinary raw cotton made into
solid wads will serve as corks. In an emer
gency ordinary fruit jars will serve to
steam the milk in. None of the devices are,
however, any permanent gain, as the break
age is necessarily great and the results less
favorable.
The length of time necessarv to sterilize
milk depends upon its age ana1 varies with
the apparatus that is used. The time as
given by various experimenters runs from
30 minutes to three hours. It is wise in the
beginning of the work for a mother to set
aside one bottle every day to test the effi
ciency of the process. The bottle should
be placed in a warm room of from 40 to
70 Fahrenheit If the milk tprns within
48 hours the steaming is insufficient If it
remains good for from four to seven days,
it is safe to feed to the child. Milk ster
ilized at home which will keep longer than
this is usually overheated, and thereby so
much changed in composition as to lose
some of its value as food.
To dilute sterilized milk one should al
ways use water that has been boiled; for
water is, after milk, one of the most favor
able elements for the propagation of bac
teria, and may any time add to the milk
just those germs which we have been at
such pains to eliminate.
Fit vxces Fishee Wood.
GO TO BED FOR A COLD.
It Rests the Body and Gives It Strength to
Fight Dlnrase The Animals That Are
Responsible for Grip Dr. Ephraim Cot
ter's Ideas of Treatment.
f WRITTEN FOK THjE DISFATCH.l
Ton can stop a fire at first, when you can
not easily after it is in full blaze. Inflam
mation of the lungs means lungs on fire.
This is the concensus of medical opinion.
If old and young would keep in bed for a
day or two when they "take cold," a much
less number would die from lung fever and
bronchitis.
In bed the body is free from the environ
ing bands and girths of clothing. IJemem
ber that in colds there are impediments to
the circulation in the air passages and lungs
that produce congestion; hence it is a good
plan to have no body fittings that make cir
culation still more difficult and cause btill
more congestion. Again, in bed the body
is at one uniform temperature. Erect, the
head may be warm and the feet cold. I
have observed a difference of 16 F. be
tween the temperature of the floor and a
common mantelpiece in a sick room. This
is enough to keep up local congestion or to
prevent its natural dispersion in a body
vhich is half sick. Still again, in the hori
zoutal position the heart has less work to do
in forcing the blood to remote parts of the
body and back again than in the erect posi
tion. This is a great relief and expiains,for
one thing, why we find rest in bed. The
stomach may rest, hut the heart never rests
or rests only between the beats. There is a
difference between a heart beating 120 times.
a minute with body erect, and a heart beat
ing 60 times a minute, body supine.
A Warm Skin Is Gool Armor.
And, still again, the skin is kept warm in
bed and you can't catch colds with a warm
skin. Kemember that in colds the skin is
chilled, the blood vessels contract and drive
the blood in too great a quantitie onto some
weak inside orgin the lungs in pneumonia.
If the skin cancoax back the blood that
belonsrs to itself then the congestion of the
lungs may be relieved, provided ,there has
been no pouring out of the blood elements
in the substance of fhe lung; the usual
condition in colds is not effusion. This is
the philosophy of the use of mustard plas
ters, hot baths, taking a sweat, or inhaling
ether, to relieve internal congestion by
drawing the blood outside and to extrem
ities. "When the cold is fresh, on going to bed
it disappears- magically. The superficial
congestion is relieved and the mass meeting
of the corpuscles is bruken up and-dispersed.
The usual diet should be kept up in bed.
Gruels are not so good as beefsteak or eggs,
or boiled milk, or indeed any kind of ani
mal food. I know the popular idea is that
animal food furthers congestion, but there
never was a greater mistake. I speak ad
visedly. Health Proof Against Lung Fever.
A perfectly healthy person will not take
lung fever. That is to say, when the blood
THE TABLE, TH
is in a normal condition its form-elements
will not mass nor adhere together in any
organ, no matter though the skin be con
tracted and deprived ot blood bv the appli
cation) of cold. ' It is supposed that the
capillaries of the elasticlungs are contracted
by cold at the same time with the skin in
"colds;" but it the blood corpuscles do not
adhere to each other, nor are embarrassed
by clots, crystals, fibrin strings and fila
ments, they will not congest the lungs or
cause pneumonia.
A good many call themselves well who
are not well; they who are carrying about
hidden in their blood the physical causes of
disease. Such people are loaded like a
gun, ready to "go off" when the trigger is
pnlled. The explosion is what is called
"disease." In perfect health one can be
freely exposed to cold and not take "cold,"
as is sppn in prprr-dav life. Of course we
refer to ordinary and every-day exposure to
cold. .Long continued, unusual ana severe
cold paralyzes the body and causes disease
of itself. The cramp of men swimming is
due to the steady chilliness and partial
paralysis of nerve" centers by water colder
than the body temperature.
Cold Proves the System Disordered.
A cold is positive proof that the system
is out of order. Not much it may be, but
enough to be dangerous. It does not do to
trust to one's feelings' alone. It wonld be
well to have blood experts examine for
health just as guarantee companies examine
real estate titles. The best way to avoid,
pneumonia is to eat .and drink properly,
work and exercise and dress comfortably,
so that the blood will be normal. For to
repeat, if your gun is not loaded it cannot
go off.
But still to repeat, if you do have a cold,
keep still; stay in bed; send for your doctor;
calm your mind; let good old nature have
vital force or dynamos to cure with; eat
good food plentifully; for when a machine
goes hard it takes mors force to run it A
good many sick people starve and die from
starvation; don't overdo in work, worry or
pleasure.
The colds that are called la grippe differ
from ordinary colds in as much as they are
caused by an" animal which comes low down
in the scale of life and is near to an ambcea
which is the lowest form of animal life
known. These grip animals have appen
dages like eye lashes and hence are called
cilia; these appendages differ from "eye
lashes in that they move ot themselves,
sometime with such force as to make the
animal ro'ck backwards and forwards.
Imagine a human eye removed from its
socket and nerves, furnished with eye
lashes arrangedgnot in line but in a cluster
or bunch, and you will have a very good
idea of the grip parasite.
Anlms'i Responsible for the Grip.
It is not a microbe. In general terms a
microbe is a vegetable organism, micros
copic in.size, while this parasite is an ani
mal organism. It is a ciliate infusoria
(asthmatos ciliaris) and as such catalogued
in "Kent on Infusoria." These parasites
have been claimed to be merely deformed
ciliate epitbelia, but the writer does not J
take this view; epithelia are miscropic cells
covering the skin and mucous membrane;
in the air passages they are ciliated or hairy
to prevent dust entering the lungs. Cili
ated epithelia never were found in the eye
ball, nor in the air, as the asthmatos ciliaris
have been.
I have found in my practice that the
breathing of sulphur fumes, the nascent
chloride of ammonium, the vapor of men
thol, the atomization of benzoate of soda,
will deprive these formB of their life, stop
their movements and propagation, and cure
the case as a rule.
The irritation caused by these parasites
aggravates pneumonia. The writer bases
these remarks on years of experience of his
own and others. The detection of the
asthmatos ciliaris depends on the use of the
microscope. Those who will not use the
microscope deny the physical causes of la
grippe; it is not a new disease. In,my
opinion la grippe should be' treated byre
moving its causes not by treating its re
sults. Scaring People Into Sickness.
In closing let me say that physicians are
sadly hindered by the fear awakened by the
word "pneumonia;" newspapers are partly
to blame in having-aroused the people's
anxieties by publishing so much upon the
dangers of La grippe and pneumonia, and
so little about the recoveries.
Both grip and pneumonia are serious con
ditions; but as the navigation of a vessel
across the ocean requires expert seamanship,
so are physicians educated and trained to
treat people that are seriously sick. Pneu
monia means business for physician and
nurse: but a household of distressed, agon
ized and gloomy people will create an at
mosphere that is enough to depress and
make sick a well man.
Again, disobedience of orders, such as
changing clothes, allowing a patient to
write a letter, to receive a friend, some
times causes most serious results.
Still again, there are incompetent and
dishonest men engaged in the practice of
medicine, as well as in journali m, politics
and banking. If people would select their
family physician with' the investigating
care they employ in buying a horse or a
sealskin sack, never forgetting that "the
man makes the doctor," and wonld dis
charge their selection only after serious
consideration, the practice of medicine
would be more satisfactory to patient and
physician. Epheaim Cdttek, M. D.
A K0VELTT IH BAHB00.
By Steaming Stalks Can Be Made Into a
Graceful Flower -Holder.
A novel and pretty holder suitable for
fresh or artificial flowers or grasses can be
made at slight expense from bamboo stalks
of various sizes, the largest and longest
piece doing duty as a stem from which spring
the other surrounding ones as well as the
legs. Thecurvedpiecessupportingthe whole
Solder for Artificial Flowers.
can be bent to the proper shape by steam
ing and then fastening them down in such a
manner that when dry and hard they will
retain the requisite form. It can be made
of any size, small enough for the table or
mantel-shelf or large enough to stand in the
corner of a room.
What Mrs. Grundy says: Take lit.
Bull's Cough Syrup. It is lure to cure your
cold.
AW
Ml;
HOVE
IT IS THE AGE OF GUSH.
Sickly Scntlmentallsm Among Modern
Writers Women Not the Only Offend
ers A Shattered Ideal From Washing
ton Advlco to Practical Housekeepers
and Wives.
rWBITTEX FOR THE DISPATCH, f
There is getting to be a wonderful amount
of namby-pamby ism in the world of books
and manners. Somebody says that this has
become vastly more prominent since so
many women became writers. That there
is some truth in this cannot be denied.
Still, what is "weakly sentimental and
affectedly sweet" is not confined to them
alone. Witness the "slush" sent from the
correspondents in Washington who are
mainly men. Bead the stuff they write as
to the beauty, the talents, the sweetness,
the angelio manners of the wives and
daughters of distinguished men.
Such women as described never existed.
They couldn't exist, - because, as repre
sented, they are not made of human stuff.
Such daughters of the gods, as portrayed,
are travesties upon good women. They are
simply bedizened with fine words and flat
tering phrases. They are covered with
taffy and smeared with sugar. They are
made ridiculous by being shown up as im
possible angels or impossible hypocrites.
If the prominent women were anything like
the descriptions given of them by the pen
men who write up the fashions . and the
doings of social life, they would be poor,
silly creatures, indeed, in mind and of de
cided vulgarity in manners.
A Case in Point
Some years ago a woman whose husband
was in great prominence at the time was
one of the stock themes of the correspond
ents. To the 60,600,000 of people in the
United States she was described as a beauty
of the type of Juno. Her dark brown hair,
with glints of gold, shaded a brow fraught
with rare intelligence. Her eyes beamed
with sweetness and benevolence, and the
ncti, ripe lips space none but the kindest
words, and gave utterance to none but senti
ments of purity and love. We remember
her figure was "statuesque and stately;" she
had "regal shoulders" and "lovely rounded
arms" that, judging by the glowing descrip
tion thereof, must have been like those the
Venus di Milo lost Her dresses were
dreams, poems, symphonies; her diamonds
were those of a princess; her manners Buch
as drew to her the affection and devotion of
every one she met
As late would have it, and things hap
pened, we came to see her at close quarters
and saints and angels, what a shock.
Talk of shattered idols, statues knocked
off their pedestals, the destruction of ideals,
the knocking out of old-time cherished
heroes. Actually that beautiful woman of
the Juno type if she had been bereft of her
rich dresses and gorgeous diamonds would
have answered to the description of a com
mon huckster. She was as homely as the
proverbial mud fence.
The Ideal and the Real.
The beautiful rippling hair that shaded
her brow was a bane whose falsity was so
unmistakable that the least observing eye
could not fail to see it as disfiguring, be
cause so unnatural. The mouth was as
large as that of Soldene, which when dis
played here in her singing of French opera
was described by a Pittsburg critic of such
dimensions that an ecstatic listener
"might fall into it and get drowned." The
rich, ripe lips from which came only kind
words were full to coarseness, and the kind
words Being admitted, they were given in
such English as would have laid out Iiind
ley Murray upon the spot could he
have heard it The "recral shoulders"
may have been regal. Those
of Queen Victoria are probably as
beefy and broad.. The "rounded arms"jnay
have resembled those of Venus di Milo, but
if so it is lucky for our ideals that the arms of
the famous statue have been lost in an
tiquity. It may be, however, that after all
she possessed the power over men's minds
as spoken of, and that her chief attraction
and virtue was the answer to the prayer of
Socrates' "beauty within." But, if so, there
was no occasion for anyone to falsely set
forth a personal beauty she did not possess.
Talking of such gush and slush brings to
mind the late reports as published of a
Presidental reception where the rich gowns
were described at length and held up to ad
miration as being chiefly of French impor
tation. Even the President's daughter is
said to have worn a "confection" yes that
is the word a "confection," composed by
the genius of Worth,and other"confections"
by Parisian dressmakers it was said would
be exhibited in the course of the season.
Protection in Confections. x
This hardly speaks well for an adminis
tration given over to the pretective policy
and the encouragement of home manu
facture. Men in prance are employed to
make the rich gowns and garnitures for the
administration women of the United States.
Is it not strange that while it is claimed
that the Yankees have genius and" skill
enough to make anything a foreigner can,
that to make gowns for the women in power
in America is something that no ono in
America either man or woman has the
skill to do? Cannot the powers of patriot
ism and protection be invoked, and
premiums be offered to secure in this great
nation some dressmaker who can compose
"confections" to clothe the forms of Amer
ican women?
When the daughters of Victoria get mar
ried, pr appear at drawing rooms, a howl
"would be heard around the world that
would Ehake the throne if they wore other
than gowns of English manufacture. Such
occasions are seized upon to create a boom
in silks or laces for the benefit of English
labor. When the Queen was married she
set the fashion of Honiton lace to encourage
the trade at Honiton. Soitalsfield's labor
weaves all of the silks and brocades of the
royal family. Scotland furnishes all of the
tweeds and tartans. To encourage Irish
labor Princess Beatrice had her trousseau
laces woven in Ireland and in a shamrock
pattern. But no such patriotism is shown
by our American royal families, who must
have Parisian gowns, and that fact is pa
raded not only without a scruple, but with
pride. Protection to American labor, for
sooth! f
Taste in Homo Decoration. "
Another piece of namby-panbyism that is
growing to excess is the constant increasing
ding-donging at women to be tasty to show
in their homes that they have souls for
higher things to put in'the little touches
of color that show the artistic sense. They
are told that none are so poor but they can
so decorate their domiciles in esthetic style
and in such manner that their husbands will
love them better and find in their homes
more enjoyment Then follow directions to
the dear sisters to secure this desirable state
of affairs. As a consequence there are found
almost everywhere ta;rdry fans nailed to the
wills, toiled prints and flaring exposition
cards stuck all around little jiggers hung
here and there with dirty ribbons and all
manner of toggery and trumpery.
The chairs are iraug with ridiculous tidies
and slumber rolls that never stay put; and
only serve to worry. Tidies were invented
in the days when men. saturated their heads
with hair oil, but now when bear's grease
has gone out of fashion, they have no ex
cuse for being, save as she who makes them
fondly indnlges" the delusion that they are
pretty. Then ribbons are tied on the chairs,
and scarfs are stuck all around, and draper
ies distributed here and there, so as to se
cure what is deemed the proper artistic and
picturesque effect called for by the namby
pamby prophets. It is not too much to say
that the very most of them looklike the
dickens. They are a delusion and a snare.
No husband is the happier for them be
sure of that Everyone of the beloved
brethren are more fond of practical com
fort than picturesque effect
Not Much Solid Comfort Xft,
i Borne one said to a man the ether
7.
"What a beautiful home you have?" He
replied: "Yes, but there is hardly a spark
of comfort in it My wife has a passion for
art, and everything is so done up with ex
clusive regard for what is consistent with
tone, harmony of color and picturesque pro
priety, that cmtort is a dream only of de
luded souls. With two sets ot lace curtains
at the windows, in addition to shades, the
gas has to be lighted at midday to say
nothing of keeping out the blessed sunlight
Draperies, 'throws,' ribbons and fol-de-rols
generally are in such profusion as to cor
rode the'soul of a man and make life hardly
worth living. Great Ca:sar, wny can
women be so foolish?" he crossly ended.
No man ever was, or ever will be, made
happier by "throws" or "tides" or afgbans
for effect, not use, and women should real
ize that fact
Then there is the missionary sentimental
ism becoming more and more prevalent
Women are now being inspired with great
thoughts and burning desires for the ad
vancement and enlightenment of pagans
and ravages. Little girls are being con
stantly urged to spend fheir play time and
save their pennies for the heathen. Poor
little souls how they are blackmailed out of
their good times and the enjoyment of their
little pin money to throw them away in the
mistaken and useless effort of converting
the heathen. The last thing in tms line
heard of is an organization to make
"things" for the Sandwich Islanders who
would doubtless be much happier in their
native sphere without them.
Nonsensical Advice for Women.
Another phase of the weakly sentimental
order comes up regularly in directions to
wives. One writer savs they should always
dress in white in the morning, and the
children should appear at the breakfast table
neatly attired, fresh and beautiful. A very
desirable thing, no doubt, but will some
body please calculate at what time in the
morning a woman who"does her own work
would have to get up to neatly array Her
self in a white morning gown, wash and
dress three or four children, get the break
fast ready and the house in order, that her
husband may be pleased? And the majority
of women do their own work.
In a cheap magazine ostensibly for the
benefit of the million is found the rule
prescribed, that where fresh fruit is on the
table finger bowls must be used. The in
fraction of thisruleis, to be sure, lamentable,
but when the millions of people who live
happily, comfortably and cheerfully with
out a finger bowl in the house are consid
ered, the deep mourning over such a short
coming may be somewhat mitigated. Still,
after reading that, some women will doubt
less think they have been living in sin and
under the bonds of iniquity in allowing
their families to eat peaches or grapes at the
table without finger bowls.
Another of the Kamby-PamDylsmt.
The Delsartean fad is another phase of
the sentimental. Women must do thus and
so to exercise their muscles. They must
wriggle so and so to unlimber their nerves.
They must walk so and so to got the proper
swagger, when really what they most need
is, very likely, what has been prescribed to
cure the Queen of Sweden of nervous pros
tration to do the chamber work every day,
and work in the garden in the summer.
Her physicians say that the muscles of the
chest and arms are healthily exercised by
making the beds throwing the bed clothes,
turning the mattresses, and so on. The
lower part of the body is appropriately ex
ercised by the required work in walking
around the beds, and in doing the dusting,
while the mind is occupied by the changes
incident to the variety of the occupation.
Such a mode of physical culture would
hardly suit the esthetic women of this
country. It would savor too much of house
work. Gymnasiums and Delsartean cul
ture, with high prices attached, are more
highly esteemed. But considering the
strained condition of the domestic labor
market at present, this Queen's remedy
might be turned to very useful account by I
tnose wno now groan unaer servitude ana
moan over their miseries as to hired help.
Another thing noted in the weakly senti
mental line is the advice given that it is
better to love God than to go out to an en
tertainment with a voung man alone. This
recalls the shepherd advertisement for "a
governess who loves Jesus, and will eat
with the children." This subject is so wide
it will need another chapter.
Bessie sBrahbub.
CHABA0TEB IK THIMBLES.
Enough Variety In the Makes ta Give
Woman Nature a Chance to Show.
Maybe you never stopped to think about
it, but there are heaps of character in thim
bles. If vain, a woman buys gold gor
geous, gaudy and often so small that it
pinches cruelly a finger nature never meant
to be taper. Contrariwise, if she be of
sober mind she aims for an easy
fit with good deep markings and a needle
threading attachment Such a dear soul
is apt to prefer silver, and put the differ
ence into something for somebody else.
The selfish woman strictly in the possessive
case gets her thimble set with diamonds or
turquoise, or else half covered with precious
enamels. And the airy, fairy she who
trifles with fancy work for the air it gives--goes
and buys her a china thimble whose
white and pink and pearl harmonize per
fectly with her own Dresden shephe'rdess
prettiness.
LIKEH GOES WITH SIIX
A Pretty Cushion Made From a Comblnm
tlon or the Two materials.
One of the best of all decorative effects is
gained by a combination of linen and silk.
The surface of the linen material is pecu
liarly well adapted to both embroidery .and
painting. The cushion or pillow given in
the illustration is made of the heavy
gray twilled material which all em-
A Bandsome Pillow,
broiderers "like so well and in it is
worked the simple conventional design in
olive and gold. The figures, which are
simply sections of a circular dise, aro em
broidered in solid Kensington with a single
thread df blue floss and the lines which con
nect them combine with the same silk a
thread of gold. They are worked in simple
stem stitch and when completed are finished
with a couching of Japanese gold thread.
The result is truly a delightful one and the
pillow, when backed with either a bit of
plain linen or olive China Bilk, Is not only
of genuine beauty but of use as well. .
Cv ' IvfeAJ riaraled anc
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HSH Jeweleo
(2-s "jp4 rOTktmble)
HYGIENE.
WE ARE TO BE RUSSIAN.
Designs From the Bleak Land or Famine
for Spring Wear Just as Snitable for
ZJght as Heavy Goods The Sleeve Pat
terns, New Fabrics.
rwr-rran- fob tot DtspATcn.1
Russian designs and thin fabrics will be
asked to reconcile themselves in the spring
garments. If there
exists anybody
naive enough to
wonder whether
.fashion ever Btag
gers at incongrui
ties, by this an
nouncement they
are answered. "A
woman's will is
God's," says the
French proverb.
Fashion is its ex
pression,and every
day sees the lamb
and lion lie down
together. TheMu
jiks might stare
some to see their
blouses, which they
wear of fur and
merely turn inside
out in summer,
made up in gauze,
but they won't
know anything
Decidedly Russian. about it any more
than they know about the restless desire for
novelty that sends us Westerners to the
ends of the earth for a new design, ana per
suades us to choose for our splendid fashion
garden forms evolved out of the hard neces
sities of climate and poverty.
Well, why.not Russian forms? Some of
them are intrinsically beautiful, and as
snitable to thin texture as to thick. Of the
blouse this is certainly true. It is elemen
tary in design. It is the Russian modifica
tion of the Greek chitone. We have fallen
on nothing so good in a long time; let us
take it and be thankful.
The Rnssian Blouse Is Comlns.
For weeks the blouse has been making its
way to favor, and spring will see it in full
bloom. It is a long, belted over-garment
reaching nearly to the knee. It has no
seams at back or front, and is double
breasted, or fastened invisibly. Some
times the skirt is slashed twice in the front
and twice in the back, but never in the
middle of the back. The long sleeve
wrinkles along the arm and is close to the
wrist, and there may be a loose hanging up
per sleeve. The mo'diste wiU tax ingenuity
to produce variations upon it She will at
times cut it open down the front, over a
long vest, and 'this will necessitate fitted
seams in it She will box plait the back;
and she will gather it on the shoulders.
When heat forbids the high muffled neck,
she will make a turn-over collar, or one
that lies flat and spreads out over the shoul
ders. Finally, the upper sleeve, which the
peasant devised lor warmth, she will slash,
and puff, and catch up about the shoulder,
and transform into an ornament
But if we are to believe the modistes the
blouse is not all of dress that will be Rus
sian, some oi
them go so far
a3 to show pat
terns of a bead
dress looking
like a truncated
cone set base
upward, but the
hat importers
have thus far
failed to show
advance sam
ples of any such
extreme. What
we may perhaps
believe is, that
the devotee to
f a s h i o n can
best spend time
in the study of
native Russian
costume with a
rem arkable
amount of cer
tainty that her
time "will not be
lost A fashion
runs about two
years, and as the
Russian craze
set in after
France and Rus
sia exchanged
political com-
TilimpTit.fl- not
long ago, there Loose, Swinging Sack.
is considerable time ahead for knowledge
gained to be utilized.
Will Flange at the Bottoms.
According to rumors and prophesyings,
the spring girl at the top notch of fashion
will look something like this: Her bell
demi-train will have on it a fluffy silk
border, reminiscent of discarded fur, with
bands above of galoon, in true Russian
feathers, and it will flange very much at the
bottom; her blouse will also flange at the
bottom, like a bias edge that has been
stretched; her collar will spread out over
her shoulders and cut a horizontal wedge
in her profile; the upper sleeve will flange
out at the elbow, and the hat may cut the
outline after the same manner. The general
effect of the whole will be a succession of
flares. It will be confined at the waist by
the costliest cincture her pocket will buy,
After Russian Peasant Patterns.
for the belt will be the fashionable jewel of
the season. '
Everything will flare the skirt, the
blouse, the sleeve, the collar, the hat. The
flare is a part of the physiognomy of the
coming style, just as the sheath-lice effect
was ot tho" style heretofore; and if you want
to be chic next spring this is the expression
yon will have to cultivate.
The flare is not Russian; there is no trace
of any such lightness as it indicates in the
Ktissian mind. It is the soul of the French
playing through the forms of the sturdier
Northerners whom they have, by adopting
their costume, elected to flatter.
Foreshadowed by Worth.
Other motifs prophesied for spring have
other sources. One of them is the loose
swinging back foreshadowed by "Worth in
his latest evening cloaks. The long street
wraps ot spring will, it is said, "hare a
Watteau back, whose fullness will hang
loose from the shoulders down to mingle
with the folds of the skirt A cape will be
over the front and shoulders. This "Wat
teau effect will also influence house gowns,
as indicated last week, by shirrings between
the shoulders, and in evening gowns it is
suggested by the knit of ribbon with long,
ends.
Sleeves will be developed along the
course already indicated in the winter cos
tumes. They will be full at the shoulder
rather than high, and they will wrinkle
down the arm, just u do the ileeres of the
hd
MjSk
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Mill-
Russian peasants. This is an ideal sleeve,
such as an artist loves, and if one wants an
artist's expression of it they will find it in
the pictures of Bume-Jones. To produce
the effect the dressmaker will curve at top
so that the fullness droops, or else she will
gather it full along the inside seam,
which is the only seamor, bet
ter yet, she will cut it much longer than
the arm and pull it up onto the lining and
fasten it there.
Wrinkled Surfaces Are Coming.
The wool fabrics for spring yet and for a
month on are to be seen only in manufac
turer's samples. They lie between mysteri
ous book covers and are drawn forth hesita
tingly for profane eyes. The facts are
wortn finding out. however, while they are
still a secret, for they will add an element
or two to the character of the coming styles
as well as be pointers for prospective shop
ping. Wrinkled surfaces have been feeling their
way through the present season and have"
gained a solid
foothold.
Therefore,
wool crape or
creponwillbe
first choice in
the spring fa
brics. It is
soft and fine,
and its sur
face is as var
ied as the
sand wrinkled
by the wash
ingwave. One
choice sample
of it looks as
though it had
been pressed
down on a bed
of ferns and
retained the
mould. It
will be charm
ingly colored
in two tones,
one on the
surface and
the other in
the depress
ion. This fa
brie will be
The Coming Blouse.
in tints for street, for house and for even
ing wear. In colors there will be the usual
ton or mode, not quite as yellow in cast as
it is sometimes; grays, greenish blues, helio
tropes and pale gray-greens. Some have
silk dots of contrasting colors. For street
wear cripons will be made up with both
velvet and bengaline. The illustration
shows a mode colored cripon, with blouse of
velvet, having a wide collar faced with
crepon.
The Best Challie Is French.
Challies will be the next fabric in im
portance. The best challie is a beautiful
product Unfortunately this best is pro
duced at present only in a single factory in
France, where alone, it is said, the chemi
cal conditions are supplied to perfect it
You must, therefore, it you want perfect
challie, have a French one.
Bedford cord is not new, but it has come
to stay. It willtake the place of ladies' cloth
for early .
spring. It
will be
light in
quality and
the cords be
but slightly
raised. It
will be col
or e d in
mixtn res
that hide
the cord;
also in lines
that accent
the cord; it
will also be
in grounds
of plain col
or wi t h
boucle lines
of colored
silk, and it
will have
scroll pat
terns in
tones of self
color.
Camel
hair em
broidered
with silk
dots will ba
among the
fashions,
and there A Succession of Flares.
will be one other exquisite wool that has
spread over its dyed surface a white, trans
lucent film, into which figures are wrought
French mixtures will be in two colors, or in
two shades of the same color. There will
also be Scotch mixtures.
There will be fabrics with a side baud
along one selvedge, indicating the continu
ance ot flat borders for ornamentation.
These bands are of a darker shade and have
lines of silk worked into them.
AdaCotx.
A Pretty Home Gown.
One of the designs for an in-door gown
that is attracting attention just now is
Beauty in Bspose.
shown In the illustration. Any woman will
know what material to select for it
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Well Understood.
T
It is well understood by reliable dealers that
Dr. Price's Delicious Flavoring Extracts have
constituted for years past the standard flavors
in all the markets of this country. That they
are regarded as among the most successful
and creditable products and are unquestiona
bly, if the opinion of the . best class of con
sumers is worthy of acceptance, the- purest
strongest and finest flavoring extracts in trie
world.
COM MEAL DISHES.
Octave Tfcanet Tells of Puffs, Breads,
Griddle Cakes, Etc.
A BECIPE FB0H THE SOUTH.
Tie Authorities Kxt Eadly Off as to Hixiiis
Hour and Liquid.
HUSH JOE 1IISSISSIPPI Eim EOlTa
rWBlTTEX TOR THE DISPATCH.!
A thin, wafery cake, all crispness, like
the Scotch oatmeal cake, can be made by
scalding cornmeal with water until it is
thin enough to pour and lie smooth in the
pan. Ofcour3e'there is a pinch of salt and
you may add butter or not, according to the
taste. The pan should be barely covered.
You bake in a hot oven until crisp and
done which is easy enough to telL Twenty
minutes to half an hour is ample time. Fif
teen minntes will do in most cases. The
wafer should not be thicker than paste
board. You can bake it in the covers of
baking powder tins or in any kind of pan.
It is delightful to eat with a glass of milk,
as a luncheon disbyor for a tea dish.
For breakfast a cornmeal puff is not to be
despised. It is made precisely like the hoe
cake with a difference. You make a thin
ner mnsh than in hoe coke, a mush that is
just thin enough to drop on the battered
pan and to assume a nice round shape with
out losing the ragged look on the top.
Puffs require a very hot oven and should be
served immediately.
Corn Bread of the Sonth.
Down South, a favorite corn bread Is a
bread without a special name; they call it
"corn-bread,"as if there were no other kind
of corn bread in the universe. It is ail the
same a wholesome and agreeable corn bread.
And here is Aunt Cindy's direction for its
concoction, exactly as we received it
Well, I does be pllntedly surprised you all
doesn't know how to make conn "breadl
Why, it i Jest cohn bread, dat's all dar Is
bout it. I takes a little cohn meal 'nun fo
de family, we all don' jrot a misthty large
family, yon know. If de family ben larper
I pot t' take ino' cohn meal. I jest takes ac
co'din'J Den I soalt3 de meal up wid b'illn
water or milk I doesdatacco'din', too. An
fat ofco'rse, an' mabbe a mite er bntter an'
mabbe not jest acco'din. An' if tne chick
ens does be layin' right smart, I puts in two,
tree aigs. But I don't put in de aUs when I
don't got dem. Beckon dat'bout all yes'ni,
I puts in bakln' powder ir I don't sot 'nntf
aigs oh, 'nufT powder t' raise it. but don't
yon all go for t be keerless wid baking pow
der, dat ar's fie mos' reskies' "way t' lool
wid cake or aay, you got to go acco'din'!
From this lucid rule we have invented a
working recipe of our own. It runs as fol
lows: Two teaspoonfuls of baking powder mixed
thoroughly in one quart of corn meal which
has been sifted twice; two eggs, one table
spoonful of melted butter, boiling milk:
enough to make a cake batter, try a pint
and do not put too much in; one-half tea
spoonful of salt, one tablespoonful of sugar.
Sake in good oven, an Inch or two
being the thickness of the cake in the pan.
There is a peculiarly delicious griddle
cake made from corn meal.
Corn 3Ieal Griddle Calces.
These are very simple but, like other
simple things, require a decided "knack.
To a small cup of the meal (finest and
whitest you can get) add boiling mils:
cnongh to make a, stiff batter. Scald the
meal with the milk, and add a pinch of salt;
Let tho batter get cold. Now add one-naif
pint of sour milk and one-half teaxpoonfnl
of soda, and last the yolks of two or the
white and yolk of one egg, well beaten. Ton
can use boiling water instead of milk and
add a spoonful of cream or of melted butter.
Cream is always more delicate than butter,
but is not always so attainable. These cakes
must be fried at once after mixing to secure
them in their best estate.
Boiling water, cornmeal and a pinch of
salt are all tne ingredients for cornmeal
mush. The favorite method of the good old
fashion Is to neat tne water and when is
boils to throw in the meal a handful at a
time, stirring rapidly, but I washed my
hands of the authorities and deliberately
poured boiling water on to the meal until IS
was thin and I put the thin mush on tho
stove and cooked it lor a weary space of
time, hours, until it became owing to the
laws of chemistry and evaporation of the,
desired thickness. Ana everybody delight
In my mush very much!
Mixing Liquid With Tlonx.
I may say here that no doubt there affl
people that can fling a dab of solid Into a
fluid and stir or beat the resulting eosiM
pound Into evenness: but I am not one oi
them; and I make bold to believe that thera
are not many of them. Such a course takes
too much time and patience for this wloked,
and hurried world. Over and over again X
have admired the recipes of these superior
spirits, and over and over again I have ex
actly reversed them, mixing my liquid with,
my flour, instead of flour with liquid, al
ways with a happy result. In most cases it
Is necessary also to pour in a little liquid as
a time and mix thoroughly before pouring
more. I may add, however, that the nobla
Dover egg beater will help any one who has
done the other way, and, in obedience to the
authorities, defied natural laws.
Ten years ago fried mush was one of the
specialties on the Mississippi river steam
boats. Make a mush of fine white meatj
Four it Into square rectangular pans to the'
depth of cno or two inches. Cut It into
Bmall squares. JTry these squares In deep
fat lard is best, Just as you would fry
doughnuts. That is all there Is to It. The
crust Is crisp and golden brown, the Interior
Is snowy white. Eaten with maple synrp
there are few more satisfying breakfast
cakes. Octavi ThjUtx
OAITX ZSZ? A GUT.
One of the Deprivations BoyaSy
Upon Queen Tic tori.
The deprivations of Queen "Victoria! Hf
i are pathetically illustrated by an lncldeai
which occurred not long ago. An Amen
can lady Bent Her Majesty an Immense col
lection of the flowers of this country,
pressed and mounted. The Queen was de
lighted with the collection and kept it for
three months, turning over the leaves fre
quently with great delight At the end of
tnat time, which was as long as she was
allowed bv court etiquette to keep it, sha
had it sent back with a letter saying that,
being Queen of England, she was not al
lowed to have any gifts, and that she parted
from it with deep regret
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