12
THE PITTSBUEG DISPATCH, SATURDAY. JANUARY 16. 1892.
THE T1D PARTY
Making Enough IS'oisc jftow to
Attract TuWic Atten
tion and
TMBAXT AX ANALYSIS.
Reasons i'cr the Growth of Tolitical
Independence.
rar such movements must fail
The Idealists Generally Tackle the Wrong
Ind of Things and
DO.VT KEEP IX TOUCH WITH TIIETEOPLE
trr.oM A STAFF COERECrOVDEVr.l
2Cew York, Jan. 15. There is quite
enough talk of a "third party movement"
to warrant the attention of the present poli
tical leaders. Not that there is imminent
dancer to the two great parties but because
unheeded, these siens of diintegration pre
sage political revolution and an entirely
new alignment. Third party movements
have been s-o recnlarly and persistently
sprung upon the country and have been so
unilormly noisy and threatening at first and
so ridiculous at the last that the effect of
such acritation is naturally next to nothing
on the popular mind. There are existing
conditions, however, that render the present
talk of a third party more thaa usually in
teresting. The recent conference in this
citvand the luptisnial services previously
beld in Massachusetts invite something
mors than the analysis of the motives of
that particular class of political reformers.
Let us set at the subject as a whole
rirst, as to existing conditions. It will
probably be adnrtted by even the most
rigorous party man that the thing called
rjartv fealt r sits more loosely upon the
national elector- than ever before since the
organization of the Republican party. This
fact is shown in the independence of
thought expressed on every hand, in the
shifting majorities, in the political up
heavals ami startling snrprises in the
various States. Massachusetts, Pennsyl
vania. Illinois, little Uhode Island, Michi
gan. Ohio, Indiana have given us repeated
examples of political independence of
thought and of individual action. The
South alone appears with a solid front, hide
bound; but this is almost a necessarv con
dition, from the mistaken policr of the Re
publican leaders in insisting that the South
ern negroes and Republicanism are identi
cal, and in repeated attempts to emphasize
this bv governmental antliorin-. Yet even
in certain Southern States the Farmers Al
liance has indicated an independence hither
to unknown in that region. Taken all
round, the South eliminated, it is more
difficult to prognosticate -what the Ameri
can oter will 'do in a political campaign
than ever it was.
Reasons for Political Independence.
There are a rreat manvieasons fortius
i growth and annual exhibition or political
independence. Of the strength of these
reasons people may and do honestly and
widely differ. In my own judgment the
principal reason is a negative rather than a
positive one. That is to sav. it is chiefly
due to the present structural weakness of
the two great parties. The cohesive power
of public office is alone insufficient to hold
a trreat political organization together intact.
There are not enough offices. Xothing but the
power of accustomed party ties the strength
of time-honored associations and the natural
rmrvrTntism that resists the idea of change,
lakc the grand armies of Democracy and
Republicanism possible. "We are Demo
crats snd Republicans for general and not
for specific reasons. A man who is a Pro
hibitionist has something tangible, specific.
The Prohibitionist is used here merely for
illustration. Specific reasons for being a
Democrat or Republican now will not stand
strict analysis. The record of both parties
is too full of inconsistencies to give the
voter any neli secure foothold.
Under these conditions a third party
would unquestionably at once gain tre
mendous accessions Irom the ranks of the
old organizations, provided the new stood
for something more definite, i ital and gen
erally satisfactorv than is offered by the ex
isting political bodies. Great parties are
not founded bv a coie or two of gentlemen
in swallow -tailed coats st a political dinner
who are dissatisfied with the present con
duct of public ailairs and pats resolutions
that it ought to be be'ter. For while a
great many honest peonle will unhesitating
ly agree with them, the nunlxr who will
actually turn in attcr the new leaders will
not be likely to create a panic anywhere
else. There must be one powerful, Vitaliz
ing motiie a moral centripetal force, that
will at once not only attract and bind to it
the separated particles thrown ofi by the
other bodies but will tend to complete the
iroik of disintegration.
Issues 011 lVJiich Opinion Is Divided.
There is no such motive now apparent.
There is no such iorce in sight. There is no
single, grand, central, vital idea like that
which iorrued the nucleus and became the
backbone of the Republican party. There
is no combination of principles and no pos
sible compromise of practices that will even
gather the discordant particles into one
told.
Omitting the Democratic and Renubhcan
parties and the organizations having their
existence in prohibition, socialism and
similar fundamental differences, we have
designated bv generally accepted terms the
iollowing reasonably clear divisions of
opinion:
1. The civil service reformers.
2. The Farmers' Alliance. sub-Treasury
wing.
3. The Farmers' Alliance, anti sub
Treasury. 4. The Greenback-Labor party.
j. The Columbian party.
G. The Independents, or Mugwumps.
7. Protection Democrats.
8. Fiec trade Republicans.
" 9. Free coinage, or free silverites.
10. Anti-tree coinage, or those favoring a
gold basis.
It is true that all of these divisions are
numerously represented in the two great
political organizations that alternate in the
control of public afiairs and that completely
overshadow all others; but it -is equally
true that where they do so appear they be
long to the dissatisfied class and come
under the head of what is vulgarly known as
"kickers." It is among and because of these
"tickers" that we hear so much about the
so-called "third party movement." Those
who have already courageously broken old
party ties and are flocking by themselves
under more exclusive and se"lect political
banners look hopefully forward to the
wholesale desertion of the "kickers" and
the accession of the entire body of deserters
to their own particular ranks. If such a
thing were possible if any one of the
political divisions or sub-divisions could
concentrate the entire body of the dissatis
fied"on itself there would be a "third party"
indeed, and one which might hold the
balance of power if it did not actually com
mand a plurality or majority of votes. It
would make very little difference what such
a party was called. "The Columbian," or
"The Kickers" would do as well as any
thing. Courageous and Obstinate Kickers.
Unfortunately for the success of the third
party movement it usually not only lacks a
great central, vitalizing principle, but it
pivots upon minor considerations that do
not attract and hold more than are at
tracted and held by the declarations of any
other of the minor political sub-divisions.
There are just as radical differences be
tween the Columbian, and free coinage man I
as there are between tho civil service re
former and the spoilsman. Tho gulf that
exists berween tho Mugwump and thick-and-thin
partisan is not less broad than that
which separates the protectionist from the
free trader. The same independence of
political thought and action which prompts
men to brepk away from Democracy and
Republicanism prompts them to keep aloof
from other political organizations with
whose carainal principles they also disagree.
Men with courage enough to sever obi party
ties do not join another organization be
cause the latter is onnosed to what they left.
but because it represents a principle which
they consider of more importance than the
principles of the organization they have de
serted. For this reason the various minor
political sub-divisions of onr public are
naturally composed of tlie most courageous,
hopeful obstinate, uncompromising patriots,
purblind theorists and independent political
thinkers to be found in the American body
politic. The man who votes a minority
ticket from 21 till death from old age is not
to be despised though he uselessly sacrifices
his political entity for a principle.
There aie tens of thousands of voters who
regularly vote the Prohibition ticket with
out the slightest expectation or hope that
they will ever elect their candidates. Such
are the examples of modern political inde
pendence. It is the courage and obstinacy
winch underlie the actions ol tnese practi
cal dissenters that prevent the concentra
tion of the same in one political body under
the banner of a third part-.
Idealists Who Tackle the Wronj End.
The knowledge of these conditions does
not appear to disturb those eminent gentle
men who are solemnly discussing and "re
solving" a third party. Not at all. In
trenched behind the moss-covered redoubts
of their own political idealitv they appar
ently view the outside worlil through re
versed glasses. It is a small and
insignificant affair. Practically, they
know little or nothing about
it In the serene confidence of their own
high grade intellectuality and purity of
motives they willingly waive the rest of the
world. They are not in touch with it. They
recoil in mild horror at the idea" of march
ing abreast with the human froth and scum
and dregs in political affairs. They do not
grasp the social conditions. They do not
wish to grasp the social conditions because
in doing so they would get their-hands
dirtv.
The political purist abominates the "prac
tical politician. Sow the "practical poli
tician" is in touch w ith the world and makes
use of it as he finds it, without worrying be
cause it ish't better. The politil purist,
generally speaking, is not elbowing the
commouherd and knows very little about
it his plane of operations, therefore, is
wholly above the grasp of those
whose support is necessary to
render those operations successful.
We look upon him and his efforts in a meas
ure as we look upon the Socialist and his
ism as an idealist, the successful applica
tion of whose principles to ordinary polit
ical and social life depends upon the entire
remodeling of human nature and the com
plete revolution of existing social condi
tions. To accomplish substantial results all
reformers should unquestionably begin at
the other end.
"Must Stick Close to the People.
As a theorist of my own political reform
school, allow mt to express the opinion, in
conclusion, that the most substantial and
practical political and social results are to
be obtained by sticking close to the people
as a mass, forming a part and parcel of the
real every-day world, and assisting and
guiding governing mankind in the direction
of the higher and nobler planes of human
action. 2Jo holy roan ever made the world
better by going off and living by himself.
In the "same sense no political reformer
ever reforms anything by cutting loose from
those who are to be reformed and who pos
sess the powers of reformation. He simply
and effectually destroys his own influence
in order to attain the desired results. Stick
close to the moving masses. Keep elbow
to elbow with the common people. Accept
the world as it is as your solid ground.
The most corrupt and notoriously immoral
"practical politician" sets you an example.
By a strict observance of these rules
of action he can accomplish more in a single
campaign than you can accomplish in a lite
time. It is the secret of his personal
power and political autocracy. If you
would successfully dispute control with
him you must get close to the people and
enthuse them with your better and higher
ideas.
Attack political evils at their source. It
does no good to stand off and rail at him
begin reform with those who make him.
When the people demand something better
and somebody purer he will supply the de
mand without extraneous influences. The
soldier who wants to fight keeps to
the front with the real contesting
forces he doesn't get mad and fall
out of the ranks with the stragglers and try
to get a little army of his own. This is
meant in a broad and liberal sense. It
doesn't mean bigoted partisanship, a
straight ticket, a thick-and-thin party man
but to be always with the effective fight
ing forces, one way or another, and always
with the people and of them. That is my
theory. I'll back it for practical results
against all the factional issues that have
been born within the last quarter of a cen
tury, or that are to be visited upon ns in the
next. Charles Tiieodoke Murkay.
SHE WAS HIS SLAVE.
A Bold Sconndrel Eun Down in Buffalo
no Abducted a Pennsylvania School
Girl, lint Accident Lands Him in the
Clutches of the Law.
BurPAl.0, Jan. 15. Special William
J. Benson, a handsome young man, was ar
rested here this afternoon on a charge of
abduction. Edith S. Cook, a fragile girl of
18, is his accuser, and she savs that Benson
abducted her from school, and at the point
of a revolver compelled her to accompany J
Mm to Bunalo. At the time Miss Cook was
attending a boarding school near her home
n Rutland, Tioga county, Pa.
On December 1 Benson, whom she had
met several times at social gatherings, drove
up to the schoolhouse and asked her to take
a short ride with him. She readily com
plied, and after she had stepped into tho
carriage Benson drew a revolver and threat
ened to blow the girl's brains but if she re
fused to go with him. The young woman
was terribly frightened, and promised to go
without resistance. They went to the near
est station and came here.
Benson at first took the girl to a disreput
able resort- He told the woman in charge
to keep her closely confined. She was not
allowed to communicate with her people.
After a short stay Benson took Edith tol X
Main street, where they commenced light
housekeeping.
The illain had the girl completely
cowed, and she was afraid to let her friends
know her whereabouts. Yesterday her
lather was told that his daughter was in this
city. He at onee invoked the aid of the po
lice, who captured Benson late this after
noon. He has a wife and two children in
Elmira.
GEBHAED TO TEY BI-CHLOBIDE.
The Lily's Dear Boy Said to Have Taken
Itooms at a Keeley Concern.
Km'l'oitK, Jan. 13. Special People
in White Plains say that Fred Gebhard,
clubman and turfman, is about to take the
bi-chloride of gold cure. He has already
secured accommodations at the Bronson
House, in White Plains, and is expected
there to-morrow. He has changed his
mind several times, however, and may do so
again.
At the Bronson House to-night nobody
would admit that he knew anvthinz about
Mr. Gebhard's proposed arrival. Dr. Hay-v
nor, wno nas cnarre oi tne iveeley .institu
tion at White Plains, lives at thisibteL
, I'abst Blue Itibbon Beer.
Parties wishing to get the Blue Ribbon
should not be deceived by dealers who are
handling cheaper and inferior grades. None
genuine without the blue ribbon.
Pabst Bbewing Co.
I0YEL MECHANISMS.
A fiew System by Which logs Are
Turned Into Barrels and Tubs.
LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONING.
Fafcs
Which Defy the Most Daring and
Skillful hnrglars.
LATE GOSSIP LV SCIENTIFIC CIRCLES
By a new system of cutting logs into
boards and veneers, manufacturers in Ger
many are now mak
jjYlfTgEDTTrYP iiff "barrels, tubs
.. fiT-"Ta, lii, and similar pack
UAAJsyUM ages in a single
-"' piece. The log is
first steamed and thoroughly softened, and
then it is placed in a machine and -rotated
against a knife, which shaves off a continu
ous veneer or board until the log is con
sumed. In making barrels, a strip thus made is
notched on each edge, as shown in the illus
tration, and then it
can be rolled into
cylindrical form,
ready for hoops and
heads. There are
factories at Bremen, Frankenthal and Ant
werp, and arrangements are being made to
establish similar works in England for the
manufacture of veneers of various woods.
In an interesting experiment in long-distance
telephoning made in Australia dur
ing October last, when the Postmasters
General of Victoria and South Australia,
with their principal executive officers, suc
ceeded in conversing by wire between Mel
bourne and Adelaide, a distance of 500
miles, the instruments of Hunnings and
Berthon are said to have been more effective
than those of Berliner and Blake. Ani
mated conversation was carried oa for over
an hour during which the chimes of the
postoffice clock in Melbourne were distinct
ly heard in Adelaide, the chimes in the lat
ter postoffice as distinctly answering back.
The governments of the two colonies have
just completed the suspension ot a No. 12
copper wife, over which these experiments
were made.
Here is the very latest idea in burglar
proof safes, consisting of a ball within a
ball, which is figured by the St. Louis
Globe-Democrat, and which is in use in one
of the banks of that city. The safes weigh
18 tons each, and of chilled steel or some
material known onlv to the inventor.
When locked this globe looks like a
screw-door contrivance. It is anything but
that, how-fever. First, there are" two com
binations. Then a little lever is turned,
which acts wjth it, pressing a spring into
the portions of the lock operated by the
combinations, just as .you would place the
ends of three fingerf together and press
them apart by inserting a finger of the
other hand between them. Then there is a
large crank, which must be turned to make
alllhese parts work together. Any one of
these operations mav be gone through with
separately and to the letter, but they will
not badge the door. Fully unlocked, the
inside globe is swung on a pivot, turning to
different compartments, inclnding one in
which the lock works are placed. In this
is clearly seen the mechanism which might
have been thought of in the days when the
watch dog was safer than the safe, but
which was not then even dreamed of Then
the globe is turned around to the different
compartments, showing a most surprising
amount of space.
t
It has been known that an incandescen
electric light immersed in a quart of water
will cause the latter to boil within half an
hour. The heat appears to proceed mostly
from the lamp socket. These lamps will
also set fires in about the same time, when
imbedded in inflammable material so closely
that radiation is checked.
A very effective letter-scale can be made
cheaply from the most primitive materials.
A piece about 12 inches long is cut from a
broomstick, and to one end of it is nailed
with a tack a piece of card-board. A small
weight, says the Post-Dispatch, a stone or a
piece of metal is attached to the other end.
Then a glass with a wide mouth is procured,
a preserving glass, for instance, filled with
water, and the weight adjusted in such a
way that ahout eight inches of the stick is
submerged by the water.
Then mark the place on the stick directly
above the water mark, and lay upon the
pasteboard tray art ounce weight, again
marking the place to which the stick sinks
in the water.
This can be repeated, if desired, to two,
three or more ounces. It the ounce mark i9
not passed the letter is below the rate
weight, if it is passed it is over, and extra
postage must be allowed.
This simple letter-scale has one advantage
over others, in that it never varies; it will
never show a lesser weight, as is frequently
the case with other letter scales.
Those who are interested in having good
roads in. towns and cities, as well as in the
country, will rejoice to know that the city
of Kingston, If. Y., having passed a "wide
tire ordinance," to prevent its paved and
macadamized streets from being cut to
pieces by heavily loaded watpns carrying
their loads upon narrow tires, has come off
victorious in a legal contest in which the
validity of the ordinance was attacked. It
is an undoubted fact i that the
width of the tires upon wagons
can be so proportioned to the
loads carried as to do no harm to roads, and
in fact so that every such wagon passing
over the road will improve it rather than
injure it in most cases. It is to thle best in
terests of all that such ordinances should be
passed and enforced everywhere. 'The im
portance of good roads is becoming quite
generally recognized, and it is not fair that
the people's money should betaken tTlhnilri
them, only to have them cut to piecss by
wagons carrying joaus on sucn narrow'
us i luuive me pressure per ami oi area more
than any road can stand. .Mechanics ha veTong-
-
wii','-'ffif
ago grappled with this problem in various
ways, so far as it applies to.machinery.and
have found that, when a given weight is to
be sustained, enough beari'ng surface must
be provided, so that the pressure will not
become too great for the material to be em
ployed. If it is a locomotive, enough pairs
ot drivers are put under it to attain the de
sired total weight upon drivers, without ex
ceeding the desired weight upon any single
pair. Wagon makers should adopt the same
plan, and if they are not willing to do this,
then the law should compel them to do it.
Mr. Simon Sterne, whose interest in and
work on behalf of. the Greathead system of
tunneling already referred to, is quoted as
saying recently, at a meeting of the Com
monwealth Club, that "The electric system
of traction used in London on the Great
head system cost less than 7 cents per mile
per train, which is about one-third the cost
per mile of the steam traction used on your
elevated roads." If this is true, says an ex
change, it is rather remarkable, and we
think there must be tome mistake about it.
There is good reason to believe that if the
elevated road management could get an
electric fraction system which would be
even 10 per cent cheaper than the present
steam propulsion, they would not be long in
adopting it, for it would have other ad
vantages for their purposes. But so far as
electricity has been tried there, it has been
far more expensive, and it seems hardly
possible that the science of electric traction
has progressed so far within a short time
without its being generally known.
The new steam motor bought by Mr.
Yeikes in Belgium has been set up in tha
shops of the company at Chicago. Its ap
pearance is well shown in the accompanying
cut.
BBSS"
The motor is built entirely of steel, noth
ing but the ceiling and the window-sashes
being of wood. It is 12 feet long, 7 feet 8
inches wide, and 9 feet high, ft weighs
nearly seven tons and costs SG,000. The
engine is of 23-horse power. It is of the
double cylinder pattern and can be run
either forward or backward. The wheels
are four in-number and measure 31 inches
in diameter. They are not clearly shown
in the cut, being concealed by the steel
plates which extend to within a "few inches
of the ground. The motor was built by
Cards Bros., Ghent, Belgium, and em
bodies many original ideas of Mr.
Yerkes. It can run at almost any rate
of speed and neither smoke nor steam
are thrown out Similar motors are
largely used in Paris. It is not intended
that these nlotors, even if thoroughly suc
cessful, shall supplant the cable. Th'ey are
intended for use on the outlying and
suburban lines. The motor will" be thor
oughly overhauled and painted, and in
about two weeks it will be tried on the
northern end of the Clark street line. The
experiment will be looked forward to with
great interest.
The company has begun the work of lay
ing a trial track for the Love system of
underground conduit wires bv the use of
which electricity as a motive power may be
made feasible for large cities. The channel
through which the underground wire runs
is made of cast iron. A cut of one of
the yokes, which are placed four feet
apart, is shown herewith.
3 ---
If this system of carrying underground
wires proves successful, "it w ill probably
take the place of horses on all the branch
lines of the west and north sides of Chicago.
AKT of .Japan, by Sir Edwin Arnold, In
TIIE DISPATCH to-morrow.
MRS. BLAINE WANTS MOKE.
Sho Has Instructed Hor Lawyers to Get
Ilijlier Alimony Ont of Jimmy.
Dead-wood, S. D., Jan. 15. Special.
Martin & Mason, the Deadwood attorneys
lor Mrs. Marie Kevins Blaine, received a
notice to-day of a motion that will be made
before Judge Thomas here on January 20,
by her Sioux Falls attorneys for ali
mony increasing the allowance here
tofore made. A copy of tho com
plaint was served on the defendant
at Bar Harbor on August 10, and he made
answer on September 30, under oath, that
he was receiving an income of 2,000 per
year and was willing and'able to support the
child, notwithstanding the fact that on Sep
tember 16 he had made oath that he had no
means and that his total income was 5G0 per
month from the Pennsylvania Railroad.
The affidavit furthe'r bays the expense
of procuring testimony by,the plaintiff has
exceeded the amount allowed for alimony,
and none of such alimony ordered by Jud"-e
Thomas has been paid by the defendant.
The case is set for trial before Judge
Thomas in this citv on February 9, and
will be tried by affidavits now being taken
in New York.
PBEPABING FOB AN EMSBGEHCY.
Significant VTork nt Ordnance Worlcs and
on the Torpedo Boats.
Providence, It. I., Jan. 15. Special
The activity at the Hotchkiss Ordnance
Company's factory in this city for the last
few weeks, and the tests of the Howell tor
pedo by the Ordnance Board at Newport at
this unseasonable time of year, have given
color to the rumor that the administration
was preparing for an emergency.
The torpedo boat dishing has been puf in
repair, and it is understood" that orders were
received at Newport to-day fur the Cus'uing
to proceed to the New York Navy Yard as
soon as possible. She will be fitted with
one Whitehead torpedo discharge apparatus,
which will be arranged to fire directly from
the bow. She will also be equipped with
two Howell torpedo discbarge tubes, one
on either quarter. This will place the boat
in fighting trim, as was originally intended.
Her only firing apparatuses are rapid firing
guns.
PLUMB'S. WILL PB0BATED.
His Widow and His Son, Both Invalids,
Aro Made Sole Executors.
Empokia, Kan., Jan. 15. The will of
the late Senator -Plumb was, entered for pro
bate and shows some queer features. The
will does' not show definitely the value of
the -estate, but wjll probably amount to
about 5500,000. .
Mrs. Plumb and her son, both invalids,
were made sole executors. Mrs. Plumb will
attend to all the business of the estate.
A .neglected cough often leads to con
gumption, therefore take Dr. Bull's Cough
Syrup. Trhssu
Certain to satisfy you. One bottle of
Piso's Cure for Consumption will convince
you of its wonderful efficacy. Druggists,
25 cents.
zus
A TRAMP IN PORTUGAL.
Third Letter of Edgar Wakeman's
-New Series of Foreign Travel.
SOME INCIDENTS OP THE BOAD.
Charming Pe,n Pictures of Processionals
and Ancient Inns.
A DISSERTATION ON TIIE DONKEYS.
f connrspo-sDEKCE or the disp wcn.-i
Beja, Portuoai,. Dec 31. We came to
ancient Evora, where are found the most
striking Roman remains in Portugal, by
rail. But I can never forget the look of
anguish and commiseration which came
over the face of Dobrado, my good Gallegan
guide and servant, as I announced that
henceforth our journey was to be pursued
on foot. The honest fellow finally wept so
copiously that a compromise was effected
upon donkeys as far as Beja, when should
he not wish to accompany me on foot he
was to return to Lisbon.
The gennine grief of Dobrado drew my
attention to two facts of some importance
to travelers in Portugal. One is that such,
firm suspicion of the character of anyone
groveling enough to travel on foot is so
fixed and prefixed in the Portuguese mind,
that the sentimental tramp labors under the
greatest possible disadvantage. The hum
blest farmer is attended by his still humbler
servant; and there is not a peasant in the en
tire kingdom so desperately impoverished
as to be without this patient beast of bur
den. Donkeys by the Dozens.
The other stubborn fact is the Portuguese
donkey itself, and the variety of uses to
which'the little animal is put. Thousands
of them can be found in all the larger
cities, doing all manner of labor and ser
vice. Every human being in the country
districts seems to possess from one to a
score. In front of every church, in every
praca or square, and huddled in every
crumbling archway, are dozens and scores,
the most of them accompanied ,by f a
barefooted driver with an iron-pointed
goad as long as a hoe handle, caparisoned
with a rope around its shaggy neck, in lieu
of halter or bridle, and a huge wooded sad
dle, with upturned wooden yokes at front
and back.
You do not sit astride these little beasts.
You ride them something a you do the wild
and vaulting Irish jaunting car, sitting
sideways with your legs dangling over the
donkey's right side, and, in moments of
peril, with your two hands violently clutch
ing the front yoke. You will made sad
business of it if "you undertake a rigid and
stately posture; but observing the native
Portuguese doubled upon his donkey into
the form of a printer's reversed mark of in
terrogation, and faithfully copying his' rid
ing, which is chiefly upon the tinder sides
of the knee joints, you may always do al
most as vxell as to walk.
A Donkey's Odd Harden.
The oddest burden of all was overtaken
as we were nearing Beja having wended
our way past fountains where donkeys,
peasants and water-carriers all loitered to
bray, babble and gosssp, over hills, down
valleys, past roadside shrines, and through
a half dozen straggling sleepy villages. It
was a patient having met with some acci
dent with which village skill was unable to
cope, being transported to "da Misericordia"
at Beja, where a- surgical operation must
be performed. Two timbers were fastened
lengthwise along the donkeys' backs. From
the ends of these, other timbers extended
across from back to back, securely fastened
with thongs, and from the latter, ropes de
pended, sustaining a rude hammock of pine
staves, which were covered with the stout
linen woven by the peasantry. The suflerer,
smoking a cigar withi great relish and con
sciousness of his temporary importance,
was thus being quite comfortably borne to
the hospital, accompanied by a large dele
gation of neighbors and relatives, all upon
donkeys and all prompted by their sympa
thetic natures to continually give expression
to grievous moanings and lamentations.
On the way many interesting experiences
and incidents illustrative of the customs of
the country and the characteristics of the
people were enjoyed. Near one little ham
let named, I think, Yianna, we met the pro
cession of "Nosso Senhor," as the host or
last sacrament to the dying is called.
Solemnity or n Processional.
We dismounted from our donkeys and
knelt with the peasants about us as the sol
emn procession went by. It was preceded
by villagers who scattered aromatic leaves
in the road before it. A white-frocked
acolyte was in advance tolling a strangely
toned bell in measured strokes. The priest,
clad in a gorgeous chasuble, walking under
a red silk canopy held in its place by four
supporting youths, followed. Heboreinhis
hand a silver vessel'containing the sacred
emblem of consolation. At his side marched
white surpliced choristers and acolytes
carrying censers; while following these were
members of some irmandade in scarlet
stoles, each carrying a long wax candle.
All were chanting at intervals a uirge-liKe
hymn. The entire procession was, out of
sound and sight bpfore we who knelt in the
roadway arose; and Dobrado told me that
a Portuguese superstition rcntered this
kneeling until the dolefHl throng had
passed from sight of the direst importance.
Else "Nosso Senhor" would next be re
quired at the bedside of him who should so
lail.in meet and complete reverence.
A spot full of quaint little Portuguese
pictures of their ,kind was an ancient inn
of a still more ancient and slumberous
town where we were compelled to pass the
night. I saw little but its huge archway
entrance and the strong iron gates closing
nemnu, as we emeieu, iur 11. was jute unu
I w ent directly to my little alcoba above.
It had once been an inn of some importance,
and the structure which was already hun
dreds of years old, and had been in the
hands of one family for over 300 years, was
good for more than another half a thousand.
The walls of the entire structure were capa
ble of withstanding siege; and the alcobas
or tiny sleeping rooms were no larger than
prisoners' cells of modest size. Indeed the
prison effect was enhanced by the riveted
and bolted doors of chestnut, six inches
thickl in which were iron latticed gratings
with little slides behind; while where win
dows shouldhave been were only tinvgrated
holes splayed outwardly through the huge
stone wall.
As Austere as Monk's Cell.
, No moilk's cell could have been more se
cure or austere, and Dobrado told me that
this sort of a structure was greatly in favor
in the time of such grand robbers as Giraldo,
of Alfonso Henrique's time, who often se
cured large booty at less defensible inns,
when abbots, friars or merchants were
traveling with treasure. The belongings of
my odd room comprised a huge pewter wash
basin, set upon the floor, a coarse linen
towel ample enough for a toga in lieu of other
garments, one chair or stool constructed of
rawhide thongs stretched over a hollow
framework, a bed of four legs' set into a
huge frame with staves bound across the
thongs, on which were a shapeless sack of
sweet corn husks and woolen blankets hand
woven by the peasant women of the district;
while at the'head of the bed, hanging from
an iron spike embedded in the stone wall,
was a little pewter crncifix.
When morning came I found the interior,
the pateo or court of the old inn, most odd
and charming. All sorts of quaint utensils
and furniture were scattered along its sides.
A narrow gallery ran around the entire
second story, with here and there a bird in
'cage and a semi-tropical plant. On one of
its sides some pretty vines crept up against
the old walls in a vagrant, luxurious way;
while the roof of halfround tiles extended
a distance over the galleries, leaving gen
erous opening to the sky above.
A Sort of Structural Compromise.
The whole interior, while a picture of
medieval quaintness, was a structural com
promise between the closed abodes of north
em climes and the lovely half garden house
.court of the tropics; a suggestion of snug-J
ness and protection from whistling winds,
andas true a tribute to zephyrous airs and a
genial sky and sun.
But opposite my chamber, along the
shadowy end of the court was the surest
sign of equable clime and summery days.
That was my breakfast cooking in the op'en
air not upon a stove, nor in 3 fireplace,
nor yet by any of the ruder devices our
American grandmothers knew. Heavy flat
stones furnished a sort of'raised rocky dais as
high as the knees of the ancient senhora who
was hustling about the court. On this dais
furze fagots were burning in twa fires no
bigger than your fists. Above one of these
on a triangular piece of iron something was
grilling. Above the other in a copper pot
held there from a longdistance by a wooden
pike beneath its bale or handle," something
was stewing.
For an hour came song and smoke and
strange dissolving views of cookery, women
and fire, when I was most ceremoniously
conducted to my almoco or breakfast. The
table was bare of covering, but amends
were made in dishes and their contents. A
tremendous frasca para vinho or wine flagon
or glass with a pewter goblet at its sido con
tained fully two gallons of the cheap wine
ot'Alemtcjo. A brown earthen plate be
fore me held a slice of grilled Portuguese
bacon of mighty proportions. A sweet
potato or yam, big as a cuspidor, stood
steaming alongside. A basin containing
some mysterious stew flanked the yam; and
piled before me in an actual recklessness of
munificence was a mountain of cornmeal
bread, yellow as saffron and hard as rock.
For all this service, including my night's
lodging and the care of Dobrado and the
other donkeys, with'the countless blessings
of God and "Good Voyages !" showered
upon us at departure, I was only called
upon to pay a sum equal to about 40 cents
in American money.
The Country Gentleman's Home.
At a villeggiatura or gentleman farmer's
home as all farmers in Portugal above the
grade of peasants are called morgados or
gentlemen farmers where we sought shel
ter from a shower and affer the custom of
the Portuguese we're not permitted to de
part for a day, I had opportunity of briefly
studying the Portuguese country gentle-man's-home.
Near all large cities the mor
gado only comes to his country home in
summer. But at this distance Irom Lisbon
many live at their villas the year round,
visiting Lisbon in the gay winter season.
The villas of the better class are all on
one general pattern. A high-walled court
yard in front, filled with ancient orange
trees, half hides alow, large house of heavy
architecture, whose walls extend far to th
rear ana iorm anotner coursyaru oi vast
proportions, filled with home and farm
belongings. This is generally the
lounging and play spot for numerous
servants and children. The interiors are
quaint in huge rooms, strangely con
structed staircases, odd galleries and in
variably a tiny chapel where mass is said
for the "family and dependents on Saints'
day. These homes will possess many ob
jects of refinement, but seldom any books.
Occasionally beautiful statuary is seen.
Odd ornaments in metal and gargoyle water
spouts and fountain pieces are common.
Cnrious old paintings and extraordinary
specimens of china are in every home; and
the guitar, though seldom any other musical
instrument, will be found in nearlyevery
room in the house. In every villeggiatura
in Portugal the stranger and the friend are
alike welcome.
Its exterior and surroundings are quaint,
dreamful and charming. In this portion of
Portugal verdure is never absent, the roses
never cease blooming and the songs of the
birds are never done.
Edgar L. Wakeman.
CIiUH3 for women discapsed by Hessie
Bramble for Till: DISPATCH to-morrow.
M'KINLEY WANTS GOOD KOAD
Ho Repeats the Sentiments Expressed In
His Message.
Columbtts, Jan. 15. special Gover
nor McKinley, in his address before the
Ohio Agricultnral Convention, to-day, said:
What I have on my mlna most at this
time, In connection with the interest of
agriculture, is good roads throughout Ohio.
I know of no single need so great and so
pressing- as to have onr nublio highways
made passable in winter as well as in sum
mer, and there is no doubt in my mind from
the investigation I have given the subject
that the advantage and economies to tho
agricultural pcopfo would very lar exceed
the expense that will bo attendant upon
such improvements.
False Economy
Is practiced by many people, who buy in
ferior articles of foo'd because cheaper than
standard goods. Surely infants are entitled
to the best food obtainable. It is a fact that
the Gail Borden "Eagle" Brand Condensed
Milk is the best infant food. Your grocer
keeps it
A Happy, Healthful Family
Goes a wonderful way toward making a man
prosperous in business.
The way to have a happy, healthful fam
ily is to see that nothing but pure food
reaches your table.
This applies to crackers.
Marvin's crackers are absolutely pure.
They'll make your children fat arfd ro
bust. They'll make your wife good natured.
They'll make you less cranky.
They'll go a long way toward making
your home happy and attractive.
"vi trmnal Voono Alortnn a ffnntrara n-ntl
bread. Don't take any substitutes.
HEAL ESTATE SAVINGS BAJfK, iTM.
401 Smifliflelrt. Street, Cor. Fourth Avenue.
Capital, 100,000. Surplus, 575,000.
Deposits of $1 and upward received and
interest allowed at 4 per cent. its
Slaughter Sale cf Cloaks.
To-day all our fur-trimmed jackets, plush
jackets, wraps, newmarkets and fur capes
will be sold at prices that will astbnish bar
gain seekers. The assortment is still large
and everybody can be suited.
Bosenbaum & Co.
EYQULDNGING
FOR
DON'T
WHAT V0U
POSSESS?
A good, ""warm, comfortable Slercliant
Taitor-Made Overcoat or a Suit? If you have
the prico you need long no longer, for you
will find them in ample variety on onr
countors for less than half of the original
prices they were made up to order for.
$10 TO $20
rt'ill buy nny Overcoat in
our houso that was origin
ally made up to order
for $25 to $C5.
Cin TH COK ttiu buy any Suit in our
vDIU lU CpZy house that was originally
made up to order for $25
to $55.
co Kn Tn tfi WiU buy any palr of
vPliJU IU CpU Trousers-in our house
that was originally
made up to order tor $6
to $15.
A Perfect Fit Guaranteed.
Tate elevator for Overcoat Department.
Opposite City Hall:
RATES WILL NOT GO UP.
Pittsburg Insurance Men Do Not Favor an
Increase Fremlnms Will Only Be In
creased on Certain Hazards The
Chances Anticipated at Present.
There is considerable talk about an in
crease of fire insurance rates about Pitts
burg, since other cities have raised these
rates, but there will be but little increase
here. Several members . of the Board of
Underwriters were seen yesterday and from
their statements it;'s not likely that any
general increase will be made in Pittsburg
and Allegheny.
Captain W.' P. Herbert, of the Western
Insurance Company, said: "Compared with
other cities, Pittsburg insurance men have
been able to maintain much better rates
and there is no necessity for a general in
crease. The large number of fires we have
been having lately may result in increasing
the rate in a certain line of mercantile
hazards, but not enough to make l
an average of 10 per cent. In many other
cities competition has kept rates away
down, and the result is seen in the disband
ment of many companies including some of
the old established concerns. Chicago has
increased her rates 25 to 30 per cent, Boston
Philadelphia and Baltimore each 20 per
cent, and the New York Board of Under
writers have a Ttating Committee at work
on a general increase. These cities have
suffered much worse in actual loss from the
recent extraordinary large number of fires
than Pittsburg. Our Board of Underwriters
has had three inspectors at work for a year
making investigation preparatory to a re
vision of rates, but I don't anticipate there
vision will change rates, except a3 I have
indicated."
W. M. Gates, of Cleveland, a traveling
insurance man, was in the city yesterday.
He said Cleveland and all the big towns in
Ohio have had an extraordinary large fire
loss during the past two months. A general
revision and increase of insurance rates will
result. In Chicago, he said, the insurance
people had lost so heavily that many of the
Western companies have retired from busi
ness. Those remaining will put up rates so
that their losses hereafter will be easier to
bear and the chances for profit increased.
Major W. C. McCandless. President of the
Board of Fire Underwriters, charges the
increase in Pittsburg fire losses to careless
ness of tenants in leaving rubbish and wa te
lying about, and in other matters. He does
not think an increase of rates so necessary
as a decrease of hazard and suggests more
fire plugs down town as a step in that
direction.
CHKISTI,tXlTY In liuslnes., by the Her.
George Hotfgon, in THE- DISI'ATCII to
morrow. I.ast sermon of a series tliit has
stirred op the business world of rittsburjr.
Pleurisy pains, and all asthmatic and
bronchial affections are soon relieved by
that certain remedy for coughs and colds,
Dr. D. Jayne's Expectorant.
T-adies Going South
In need of light-weight dresses in challie
and India silk or traveling costumes will
find some very nice things greatly reduced
in price, preparatory to stock taking, at
Parcels & Jones', 29Fifth avenue. tts
Crayons, 53 CO; best cabinets, 1 per
dozen. Aufrecht's Gallery, 77 Fifth avenue.
3ITUWS
THE SANITARY COMMISSION
Of Berlin, during tho last prevalence of La
Grippe, highly recommended tho Soaen Min
eral Pastilles as a very convenient and ac
tive preventative and cme to bo used by all
persons predisposed to colds and coughs.
These Pastilles (troches) will cure the
most obstinate catarrh, cold in tho head
cough. hoareness, sore throat, etc.
Beware of imitations. Tne genuine im
ported must have the sicrnatnre of "Eisner
& 31endelson Co.," Now York, around each
box. a
SPECIAL
PULLmAPJ
CAR SERVICE
THROUGH TO
On Tuesday, January 19th, at 7:10 a. m., Cen.
tral Time, 8 JO 3. m., Eastern Time, a Special
Pullman Sleeping Car, In charge of competent
attendants, will leave Pittsburgh Union Sta
tion and run through on Fastest Trains to
San Francisco, California, over the Pennsyl
vania, Northwestern, Union Pacific and
Southern Pacific Lines, via Chicago, Omaha,
Cheyenne and Ogden. Due at San Francisco,
Saturday, January 23d, 11:15 a. m.
First Class Tickets reading over above
named Lines to any point in California, be
yond or rfo Sacramento, will be accepted in
this car upon payment of regular Sleeping Car
rates. Meals en route In Dining Cars. For
reservations and further particulars, address
promptly or call upon Samuel JIoodv, Dis
trict Passenger Agent, Pennsylvania Lines,
U27 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh.
jal5
The Most Eflcctlvo Tonic in
LA GRIPPE
IS
DUGRO'SALIMENTAEY ELIXIR.
This piepamtion strikes at the eat of the
evil by restoring quicklynnd eirectiully tho
nntritivelunctionsotthedebilitatcdsystem.
oll by II Dmcgists.
E. FOCGEKA & CO., Agents for U. S.,
20, 38 and 30 North William st T.
ja2 41-Ths
r
JkAAAjaAAAJhAAAAAAAAjfl
Tii,wsp "s
ifanmarnade il in20jnalss"
fihispiedefidoir
II
J In paper boxes; enough for two large pies. J
4 "" ' '-zz'rlJ "
i
THE ORIGINAL
g ana only wompietc ana aatisuitiurjr .
and
, r- i.i j o-:-f--
J condensed Mince Meat in the Market. :
J Cheap Substitutes and Crude Imitations :
! are offered with the aim to profit by the i.
j popularity of the New England. I
g Do not be deceived but alwaj-3 insist on :
SUliU UX illib UKUUttlCS.
J SOLD BY AI.I. GROCERS. fS
44v i ucjna i iVMmm vuian
'SEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
AT $1.49.
Special Sale in Our Hat
Department.
Clothiers, Tailors, Hatters
. and Furnishers,
954 and 956 Liberty St
jaU-i'-Traa
IiCnresCcId5.Coiirj:ha.EcreThroatCroa?.Iri2iicn
za,VShMpin;Cough3roncuus&ndAstiiia. act
t&m cure for Consumption In first iti-cs, sad a sore rriiet
in advanced atages. Uneatonce. Yoa vnll see tho
excellent effect after taking- the r3t dose. PnLl
tjricilerTurjwier. Lar jo toltfed, W caai)U J1J30.
Uc;4-!-TVTh: 1
Cactus Blood Cure.
BETTER THAN SARSAPARILLA.
Purifies the blood by expelling the
impurities through the proper chan
nels and never causes eruptions upon
the skin.
Regulates the bowels. Cures dys
pepsia, liver and kidney troubles,
tones up the system and gives you an
appetite.
Never fails to cure any condition
produced by impure or impoverished
blood, or a disordered state of
stomach, liver or kidneys.
Sold by JOSEPH FLEMING & SOX, Drug
gists42 , MarKet St., Pittsburg. sel9-T
JlfcTABl.ISIlED 1371;.
BLACK GIN
KIDNEYS,
Si Is a relief and sure cure for
sp Htlie Urinary Organs, Gravel
""-Tnml (Jlironie Catarrh ortha
ZZ Tr'e &wIs Stomach Bitters
"-" are a sure enre for Dyspepsia,
tbadesiauk Liver Complaint and every
species of indigestion.
Wild Cherry Tonic, the most popularprep
aration for euro of Conglis. Colds, Bronchitis
and lung troubles.
Either or the above, $1 per bottle, or 6 for
$3. If your di turgid does not handle these
floods write to WM. t ZOELLEB, 3 ole MT r
Pittsbnrc, Pa. Ja;-57TT3
"Liebig Company's
Extract of Beef,
BEST
Purest fxf a EH Cheapest
INVALUABLE
In flic Kitchen for Soups, Sauces
and Slutlc Dishes.
DiHEffJi
Or the Liquor lliLit I'ositively Cured by
Administering Dr.IIalce&
Golden specific.
Itlsmannfactnretl zsa powder, which can b
riven in ;. giasd of beer, acupof coffee or tea, or la
food, without the knoTvlcdRe of the patient It la
absolutely harmless, and Till ettect a permanent
and speedy cure, whether the patient L a moderate
drinker ornn alcoholic wrcik. It has been given
tn thousands ofcoes, and in every Instance a per
fect cure has followed. It never falls. The system
once Impregnated with the specific; it becomes aa
MttirlmpcssibiUty for the liquor appetite to exist.
tVpdpp book of particulars frte. To be had of A.
J, JtANKIN, iixth and lrnn av Pittsbar.
Trxde supplied by GEO. A. KELW i CO. Alle
Caea7 agents, 1Z. IIOLDEX S. CO., C3 Federal st.
. jy2-80-TT3
GE3UI3E
. Essence of Health
Itv.A A rraro familT
medicine for
toning up and re
hnlldinir the sys-
fera. One ot tna
'reatcst blood
pnrifiers known
Unexcelled for
the cure of ltheu-
matisin, Coughs
and Colds, Catarrh
Asthma. Throit
Diseases, Torpid
LWer, Dizziness and Sick Ilendache, Palpi
tation of the Ileart, Cramps, Dysentery, II
arrhoca. Scrofula and diseased ari-in? from
imperfect- and depraved state of the blood.
Pile, Cotivencsss. Xervonsuoss, Atrections
of the Bladder and Kidneys. It properly
taken we guarantee a enre. For sale by
druggists, and
The Danner Medicine Co.,
212 Federal St., Allezhenv.
Price $1 00 per bottle; six bottles for $J00.
Write for Testimonials.
oc29-49-TT3 '
SI DESKS.
OFX'ICE
OUTFITTERS.
pOiice Specialty Co.,
53aKRias
jjpljl
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'WA
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