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ESTABL.1SHF.D 1TBBCAUY 8. IMS
1 Vol. 44, ?... vtiirJ at nttsbnrg PostoSre
f Ncvt-mocr. 1ST. cs i-ecana-elass ma'tir.
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riTTSnUBG. MONDAY. JANUARY 11.
PITTSDCKfi'S EACH VNGES.
The rank of Fittsbun; in commercial
traDsactions is indicated, but not fully
shown, by the return of bank clearings for
the vcar 1S9L The returns for the nine
leading cities place Pittsburg seventh in
the list, ber total of ?7SG,C94,231 of busi
ness passing throuch the Clearing House
being 33,000,000 in excess of Baltimore
and over ?250,O90,0O0 in excess of New
Orleans. This showing is accurate as proving that
Pittsburg's business importance is greater
than is indicated by her insufficient show
iag in the census, which places her on a par
with cities of the rank of Cleveland and
Buffalo, while she is really the rival of
Baltimore, St. Louis and San Francisco.
Every Pittsburger knows that this is due
to the exclusion of Allegheny and the
suburbs from our census total. The
clearing returns partially rectify this dis
advantage, but not wholly, as will appear
when we consider the character of the
business. The Clearing House transac
tions in Pittsburg grow largely out
of transactions in our manufact
ured products. In Baltimore, St
Louis and San Francisco they arise mainly
from wholesale business, with a large
speculative element "With that fact in
view it is easy to see that 51,000,000 of
exchanges through the Pittsburg Clearing
House represents as much capital em
ployed, as large a population supported,
as great an amount of money put in cir
culation as 1,000,000 or $3,000,000, in
the clearings of the cities named. "With
dtte allowance for this fact the returns
place Pittsburg above St Louis and San
Francisco in business importance.
It is also notable that this position is
held, notwithstanding Pittsburg has
suffered the greatest contraction in the
volume of her exchanges, the decrease
from I'SSO being 13.7. New York, Boston
and Philadelphia show a decrease of from
7.3 :o 11 2 per cent Tittsburg's shrinkage
rep-iei-ents the falling off from the excep
tionally active business of 1890 rather than
any actual retrograde in trade.
STEAD AND THE CZ K.
From the attention attracted by the
present famine, Mr. Stead's character
sketch in ihe BetUw of Retiews "The
Czar and .Russia of To-day" is interesting.
"VJifle Stead was editor of the Pall Mall
Gazette that journal was often said to be
subsidized by Russia. Improbable and
often denied as is this accusation, there
can be no doubt that Stead is, and always
lias been, so remarkably prepossessed in
favor of Russia and its Government as to
lie led to defend the latter upon every
possible occasion.
The sketch resolves iiself into an ad
verse commentary on George Kennan's
book, and a eulogy of Alexander 1IL, tem
pered by special pleading that where all
is in a far from ideal condition from cir
cHnistanccs surrounding him the Czar is
snore to be pitied than blamed. Some of
lb writer's statements seem contradic
tory. His remark, for instance, that the
Czar is the most Russian of Russians
hardly tallies with his vigorous beatifica
tion of Alexander IIL as the very em
bodiment of truthfulness. The general
verdict of those who have seen much of
Russians is that, while they are among
th most versatile and pleasant of social
companions, they are the greatest liars on
the face of the earth.
However much one may be inclined to dis
believe all that Stead vays, simply on ac
count of the prejudices he has shown in
the past on this matter, there can be no
doubt that there are enormous obstacles
to reform in Russia, such as its enormous
area and lack of-means of communication,
the extreme ignorance and poverty of its
peasantry, and the unanimity of their
belief in'and dependence on an absolutely
despotic Czar.
V
THE ALUMINUM AGE.
That we live in an age of rapid progress
is a platitude, but the reiteration is neces
sary as an occasional reminder to incredu
lous scoffers that the idea they ridicule
as visionary to-day mn l-e the basis of
actual practice net n car "'! c progress in
the chansjeof initeT,a!-!i..s N-fii from cast
iron Jo rollediroiihi'iH-otos-telandbeiore
long is likely to be from .tecl to aluminum
aad its alloys. The properties of alumi
. mini eminently fit it forvanous and in
numerable uses in the arts. Its extreme
tluetility and high capacity as a conductor
of electricity, together v.ith its lightness
are likely to lender it a formidable rival to
copper for oteihad wire;, in the near fu
ture An experiment on aluminum for
shipbuilding purj oses is already under
way, ?nd the huoj aney of the metal makes
ilaveiy suitable substitute for the older
materials in this uireclion. The result of
Ike older given sometime agofor tbeman
"ttfacture of an aluminum yacht will be
-watched with extreme interest
Owe the cost of producing aluminum
has teen brought low enough to compete
"Kith iron and steel, there is no doubt that
it 1111 do so for use in structural purposes.
The rapid strides made of late years in
cheapening the process of reducing the re
fractory ores, crowned by the last success
of the Thou le'-s syndicate, points to no
distant future for th.3 commencement of
litis competitive strife.
The lightness of the white metal and its
high power for the ieistancc ot tensile
strains will make it first enter the field in
those cases where the leading difficulty of
tl.e designer is duo to stresses induced by
v ttae weight t f the structural material
itself. Under this head come all large
spans for bridges and roofs. The intro-
a. detion of aluminum for these purposes
I y,Hl aive such scope to the engineer of the
"future as will enable hira to far surpass
the present triumphs of his art Imagina
tion paints glowing pictures of the erec
tions of the years to come their airy
grace and lace-like fabrications lending
thera an elegance, without loss of sta
bility and safeness, which is unapproach
able now.
SUPPRESSED BY EGATf.
The difficulty of securing accuracy con
cerning tho Chilean affair is illustrated
by the statement of a "Washington tele
gram to yesterday's Dispatch that a
change has come over the tone of the
Chilean communications in referring to
the Valparaiso riot "Minister Matta,"
it says, "in his reply to Minister Egan
October 29 last, spoke ofJthc attack on the
Baltimore as an 'affair' and as 'the dis
orders in Valparaiso.' Senor Pereira,
the present Minister, regretfully speaks of
'the deplorable incident' and 'the un
fortunate incident' "
This assertion is evidently made in
good faith and is due to accepting the
version of tho Chilean communications
sent to Washington by Egan without tak
ing pains to ascertain what their language
really was. If the expressions referred to
as used by Senor Pereira are conciliatory
it is important that exactly the same
view of them was taken by Senor Matta
In the note which ha been so systemat
ically represented as insolent and defiant
In the full version of Senor Matta's note
of October 29, the second paragraph refers
to the riot as "the lamentable occur
rence" and thenext paragraph speaks of It
as "the very deplorable event" It is true
that these expressions were carefully
suppressed by Mr. Egan in the abstract of
Senor Matta's reply which he sent to this
country, together with the assurances
that the guilty parties would be punished;
but they will bo found in the full copy of
the document
The disparity between the account of
the riot given by the sailors of the Balti
more and that given by the Valparaiso
police is serious. The truth can only be
positively arrived at by a public hearing
at which the testimony of both parties
can be presented. But the persistent mis
representation which has been spread in,
this country concerning the attitude of-
the Chilean authorities toward the affair'
is illustrated by the fact stated above.
THE PENDING JOB.
In an interval of rest from its late occu
pation of demanding the gore of Chile, the
New York Press reverts to its earlier
function of organ for the Nicaragua Canal
job. It elucidates that subject -with the
assertion that "there is no partisan poli
tics behind the measure that provides for
a Government guarantee of the Nicaragua
Canal bonds," and adduces for proof
the introduction of Senator Morgan's reso
lution in the Senate.
Quite true. The great jobs which are
counted by the tens of millions nearly
always rise above partisan politics. The
Credit Mobiher and Pacific Railway busi
ness took in both Republicans and Demo
crats in the policy of placing the money
where it would do the most good; and
there is no reason why a canal job, which
starts out on a still larger scale, should not
exhibit the same impartiality.
The organ of the canal ring further as
serts, thatthe enterprise "courts the fullest
publicity." Yet up to date it has failed to
give any publicity to an explanation of
how the surplus is to be used from a Gov
ernment guarantee of 5100,000,000 on a
work which the engineer estimates to cost
SGo,000,000.
HARD ON ITSELF.
"We regret that the Philadelphia 2feies
in the pursuit of its quarrel with John
"Wanamakeris led to making assertions
which go far to prove, if not that Mr.
AVanamaker is right, that the News is all
wrong. The interesting reading matter
which "Wanamaker's firm furnishes to
most of our Philadelphia cotemporaries
has been withdrawn from the jfews, as
that journal asserts, because it has been
guilty of booming Blaine, which the other
members of the harmonious Cabinet re
gard as a capital offense.
But it is in the further discussion of this
discontinuance of the profitable andpleas
ing advertisement that the News hurts it
self as much as "Wanamaker. To demon
strate the ingratitude of the latter it as
serts that it has at various times sup
pressed items of public news at the re
quest of "Wanamaker or his agents. Thus
it specifics the fact that it abstained from
publishing sworn testimony in the Key
stone bank affair which would have been
damaging to him, and that this was done
at his request
If this is so it goes far to justify Mr.
"Wanamaker so far as the withdrawal of
his advertisement is concerned. An ad
vertisement is a business contract in
which the newspaper undertakes to give
the advertiser value received in the pub
licity of his announcements. If the ad
vertiser is convinced that the newspaper
does not furnish such a value good busi
ness policy requires him to stop the adver
tisement AVe do not know any way to
furnishing more convincing" proof of the
worthlcssness of a newspaper than by
suppressing important and legitimate pub
lic information; and an advertiser who
finds that a newspaper will do that is
pointed to the legitimate conclusion that
as the sheet is worthless as a newspaper
advertising in it is money thrown away.
That Keystone Bank affair has covered
nearly everyono connected with it with
the reverse of credit
It is necessary to remark that the es
teemed New York Advertiser commits an
error in saying that it is unfortunate for
Hill that ex 5cnntor Waftace champions his
cause iu Pennsylvania becauso "Mr. Wal
lace 1 not regarded in that State as apurifier
of politics." While William A. Wallace is
not by any means a civil service reformer,
it is far too severe to Fay that Ms advocacy
can damage the reputation of David B. Hill.
If anyone sulfcis fiom the association it will
be Wallace.
Since Garza has levied war on the United
States as well as Mexico, our Government
should cither suppress him or let the Mexi
can troops cross thoborderfor that purpose.
That precedent was set by Mexico in the
cafe of the Apaches, and it is somen hat dif
cult to sec hon-an outlaw i ho defies both
Governments is much better than tho In
dians. Sharp as needless trill not express the
air wo arc getting in the night watches.
A needle doesn't go far enough. The cold
is moie suggestive of an ice-pick -which, to
qnote another, penetrates six inches into
the marrow.
A new cause of war between Hew York
and Chicago is the relusal of a committee of
the Cnicigo Exposition to purchase the
Diana statue now surmounting tho Madison
Squaro Gaiden, for $2,500. The New York
papers insist that tho statuo is a triumph
of art and would be cheap at donble tho
money. But they omit to explain why in
thatcae tbcyaio desirous of having the
artistic goddess leave New York for Chicago.
As a new departure the Yale-Harvard
contest in debate and oratory, to be held at
Cambridge next Wednesday, -will have
many watchers. The idea or intcr-collcgiate
contests other than those of bone and
muscle is not a new one historically, but it j
Is new to modern times, and the experi
ment should evoke a good deal of interest.
The report that a telephone has been
perfected to admit the transmission of
whispers over 500 miles does not include the
statement that the voice can be carried over
a mile of city wire Intersecting electric car
lines.
There appears to be a political necessity
fororompt denial of that story that Secre
tary Blaine's indigestion was caused by eat
ing too much corn broad. At the time when
we are proposing to leed Europe on Indian
corn nothing could bo more undiplomatic
than for tho Secretary of State to fall ill from
that viand. The great American product
should not be permitted to play the part
of a second Burchard.
Br.ooM manuiactnrers far-sighted enongh
to lay in stock are making a clean sweep of
profits from the short crop of broom corn.
The French Government has declined to
lend any money to the Panama Canal
project. This seems to set a good ex
ample for the United States to follow with
reference to tho proposition that it shall
lend its credit for $100,000,000 to a canal pro
ject estimated by the engineer to cost
$05,000,050.
From the number of crank cases re
corded recently it would seem that there is
something in tho theory that there aie at
mospheric or other conditions productive
of epidemics of insanity.
The progress in the introdnction of a
new metal that may yet revolutionize in
dustry is shown by tho reduction of the
price or aluminum in Germany to seventy
cents per pound. American manufacturers
have talked of selling the metal down to
fifty cents; but whether thoy have backed
up the talk by actual sales is a matter on
which public information is lacking.
The retort of the Omaha World-Herald
to Labouchere's remarus on the Indian Bu
reau in connection with tho annexation of
Canada is only of the low tu quoque or
der. It seems unpatriotic, too, to concede
priority in office grabbing and general po
litical crookedness to any country under tho
sun.
IT is tobe noticed thatMr. Cleveland came
bravely to tho front on Jaokson's Day, but
the very mild celebration of that anniver
sary, so tar as the mass of the Democracy is
concerned, conveys a hint that Jacksonian
principles are no longer predominant influ
ences in the Democratic organization.
The proposals of Congressman Stump, of
Maryland, to mako steamship companies
responsible Tor the class of immigrants they
carry are quite in tho right direction.
There is a decided and amusing signifi
cance in Senator Sherman's interview which
expresses tender fears for the health of
Messrs. Blaine, McKinloy and Palmer, and
apprehension that they might he unable to
stand the strain of an exciting campaign.
Senator Sherman, it is to bo observed, has
Just finished an exciting contest without
even turning a hair.
Pittsburg- has probably more homeless
young men in proportion to its population
than most other cities, and the undertaking
to build a residential club for the accom
modation of five hundred such in London
might be copied here on a smaller scale with
great advantage.
The misapprehension that this country
is run for the especial use and behoof of the
naval officers is in a fair way to receive a
thorough and convincing correction.
HOW little is known of Garza may be
Judged by the contradictory descriptions of
mm given by two jnow xork papers. Ac
cording to ono he is a stalwart man, 6 feet
8 inches tall, and has a fine military car
riage. The other account is of a man of
slight physique and bad horsemanship, -who
relies more on his pen than aught else for
his leadership.
FAMILIAR NAMES.
Emperor "William inherits the an
cestral love for the corn flower, hut he pre
fers the red rose above all others.
Colohel A. K. McCltjbe, the new
President of the Philadelphia Clover Club,
drinks apolllnarls only and is G feet 2 inches
in height,
James Payk says that, like other
dogmas, this one is "false and mischievous,"
viz.: "A woman-is as old as she looks and a
man as old as he feels."
The Duke of Clarence, oldest son of the
Prince of Wales, is seriously 111 at Sandring-
hani. He is suffering from a severe attack
of Influenza, complicated with pneumonia.
Catakiso Garza, who has set all the
southwestern border by the ears, is a young
man of slender physique, nervous and
fidgety, with dark hair and eyos and a
swarthy complexion.
There is in the United States but one
railway president who Is a female. That is
Mrs. Charles D. Haines of Kinderhook, X.
Y., the executive head of the Hamilton and
Kingston Bailroad.
I'rau Materna, the opera singer, has
recently lost her husband, Herr Frederich,
ono of the most popular comedians In Vi
enna. She is therefore living in comparative
retirement for a time.
Herbert Ward demonstrates his use
fulness as the husband of a literary woman
by taking entire charge of the literary
affairs of his wife, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps,
and making all business arrangements for
her.
Louise Micheii, the noted I"reneh revo
lutionist, was recently observed working
among the books of the British Mnscum.
Her face is large, marked with heavy lines
and pale and" worn, showing the traces of
suffering. She dresses qnite shabbily.
Frank Vincent, Jr., the American
traveler who has Just 'started from Malta
on a three years' ramble through the re
moter regions of Asia, is a handsome man of
some thirty-eight years of age and a resi
dent of Peekskill, N. Y., when at home.
Clark E. Carr, Minister to Denmark,
is traveling In Russia. He says that what
has struck him most forcibly in the Czar's
domains, next to seeing the poor people all
clad In sheepskins to ward off the cold, was
the feeling of order and perfoct security
that prevails.
Gtrr de Maupassant, whose mind has
given way, according to report, is a man of
medium height, solidly built, with the bear
ing of a soldier. Ho has a "Norman" hoad
a head with the line at the back extending
straight up from tho neck and his hair is
brown and wavy.
COLIMA AGAIN IH EBuT-nOIf.
The Mexican Volcano Hurls Stones a Dis
tance of Over Four Mllrs.
City op Mexico, Jan. 10. The Volcano de
Fuego, known as Collma, in tho southern
part of Jalisco, is again active. Explosions
occur frequently. Theo have not occurred
before during the activity of the volcano.
Viewed from a distance at night the scene
is a grand one, but those In the vicinity of
the fiery mountain have llttlo regard for its
beauty or grandeur.
The explosions are of such force that large
stones have been hurled a distance of four
miles. Ashes from tho mountain have fallen
in the streets of Collma and Z ipotlan. Per
sons living near the volcano are frightened,
and if the eruptions continue there may be
a panic among them.
BED TAPE AT THE BAEGE OFFICE
Keeps Immigrants Prisoners on Shipboard
Saturdays and Sandajs.
New Yoke, Jan. 10. In compliance with
the instructions of the Secretary of the
Treasury no immigrants arc allowed to laud
to-day fioin tho European steamships w hich
arrivedHn port late Saturday afternoon and
this morning. Including the steamships Um
bria, Adriatic and La Bourgogne. -
The steamship companies are very indig
nant at the sudden carrying out of the new
orders, and the probable outcome will be
that they will so arrange the sailing days on
tho other side as to liuvu their vessels arrive
here on- other days than Saturday or bun-Cay.
THE PROBLEM OP POVERTY.
rWROTXN TOR THE D 13 PATCH. 1
I.the Oriental legend, when the corner of
the new bouse full down, the owner hauled
the contractor berore the magistrate. There
was no denying the fact that the angle of the
house had tumbled down, but the contractor
blamed the mason.
Thereupon, tho contractor being released
and the mason summoned, the mason ad
mitted that he did make a blunder in tho
laying of a stono or two at the corner of tho
house, but pleaded in extenuation that as
he was in the act of setting that course in
position, there passed along the street a
very pretty girl in a most wondrously blue
dress, and he lookod away from his work for
a moment to gaze, as was natural, at that
particularly azure garment and its wearer.
Accordingly, the Judges sent for the girl
In the hluo dress, and discharged the mason
from all guilt. .Evidently the blue dress
had caused the corner of the house to fall In
pieces. But tho girl, while not attempting
to deny that her dress was really bine, cast
all blame for that upon the dyer.
So the dyer was dragged into the court.
Had he, or had he not, dyed that dress into
tnat tint of sky and seat Was he, or was ho
not, responsible for that garment so deeply,
darkly and beautifully blue? To this cross
examination the dyer had no satisfactory
defense, and he was accordingly sentenced
to bo lianccd in tho doorway of the house
with the broken corner.
Tho police officials, however, ho had
fitted the dyer with a halter, came back
hastily to the Judge, and declared thatthe
sentenco was impossible. The dyer was too
long for tho doorway.
"Vory well,1' answered the magistrate, who
by this time had grown weary of tho per
plexities of absolute Justice, "go find some
other dyer and hang him."
Ileal Cauics Hard to Find.
It is not only in Oriental countries that
people are easily persuaded to be satisfied
with tho handiest solution of other people's
troubles. Tho real causes of things are al
ways hard to find. Only the patient, and
honest, and genuinely interested ever dis
co vor them. Perhaps the majority of men
and women aro liko the hastv thinkers de
rided by the Greek philosopher, who, find
ing a dry stick lying at tho foot of a tree, cry
"There Is one of the roots!"
The real reason, for example, which lies
behind the fact of poverty who knows what
itisT Why aro some peoplo poor and other
people rich? I had a letter last week from a
woikingman, who reminded mo that "of tho
entire -viealth of this nation at present over
three-fifths is owned and controlled hy n
little less than 33.030 people." It soemed to
this correspondent that in this fact lies the
secret of moit of tho evils of the business
and industrial world. But how did the
23,000 rich people come to be rich, and the
rest of us to he poor?
Some people maintain that poverty is for
the most part tho result of laziness; others
say 8hiftlessnes9; others say drink. Still
others and these stand on fairly solid
ground say that the devil is the author of
it. Who is to blame for the poverty of the
world, tho capitalist or tho laborert Tho
capitalist puts the guilt upon tho laborer.
The laborer, if he shares the opinions of my
correspondent, lays his troubles to tho men
who have tho money. My friend says:
There are two great powers that make it
all hut impossible for a man with a limited
capital to do business under any principle at
all, to say nothing of Christian principles,
and these two powers are the landlord and
tho great capitalist. These aro the upper
and lower millstones between which the
small capitalist and the workingman are
ground, until the last penny is gotten that it
is possible to extort from htm."
Kindest Jndgment the Truest.
The truth is, however, that the kindest
judgment of men Is apt to bo the truest.
Most men in decent society are fairly well
meaning people. The majority of the 25,000
men who practically own this country are
men of ordinarily good intentions. Of
course they do not know what poverty
really means, not many of them. The sen
sation of hunger, for instance, Is one with
which they aie acquainted only in a literary
way. They have read about it in books.
They guess at it from the discomfort of
having dinner an hour late. But to'go
hungry day after day as a good many poor
people do, actually not to have enough to
eat, tho 25,000 are profoundly ignorant of
that.
Nevertheless, the rich do honestly desire
to help the poor. The people who live in
the palaces are far more sorry for the poor,
than most of the discontented think. There
aro not many rich men who will not at once
give thought and help to any reasonable
plan for evening up the good things of life.
General Booth had no difficulty in getting
the great sum of money that he asked for.
Tho great trouble with the rich men is that
they do not know what to do. They do not
know how to set about the bettering and
uplifting of the submerged classes. The
problems of poverty, the problems of in
dustrial discontent, the problems of crime
if anybody could conclusively show hdw
tho spending of five hundred millions of
dollars would bring about a solution even to
one of these hatd questions, the money
would be paid in to-morrow.
But these problems are thus far almost en
tlrely in the dark. Nobody knows the
ans-ner. The social economist is one of the
most important factors in t.io well-being of
the community. If I were asked to advise
a bright and thoughtful yonng person as to
a course of reading I would suggest a list
of books dealing with the fact of poverty,
and the proposed remedies for that fearful
atseiso. "In Darkest England" and "How
the Other Half Lives" would he good ones
to begin with, as showing conditions of liv
ing (or, rather, or starving) in New York
and London. By way of local illustration, it
would be well to make a tour of inspection
with an agent of the association for the
Improvement of the Poor. Then, after that,
Henry George's "Progress and Poverty"
would show ono possible way of dealing
with this evil. Lawrence, Gronlund's "Co
operative Commonwealth" would suggest
another phase ot the question. Schoffie's
"Quintessence of Socialism" would bo a
good book to take next. And then, say. Prof.
Ely's "Social Aspects of Christianity" and
Robert Woods' "English Social Movements."
Whom tho Studies Would Help.
Any thoughtful young person who would
read these books would be set In a direction
ot study which he would find rich in most in
teresting and uplifting reading, and which
would bring him very close to the conditions
and tho needs, the distresses and the
dangers of his own time. Above all other
men, it seems to me, tho managers of our
great industries and the wonderfully able
young lieutenants whom they have to carry
out their plans, ought to study snen books
as these. They can Illustrate, verify and
correct the statements and positions of the
books by their daily experience.
The workingmen in their unions might
both get good and do good ir they would
invite to the study and discussion of these
subjects in which thev are profoundly inter
ested, mon whose point of view isdifferent
from theirs. A series of carefully studied
papers on tho various phases of social econ
omy and industrial reform, followed by open
comment and dljoussion, if it could be con
ducted without pride or opinion, would
greatly benefit any representative of tho
"classes" who might read the paper and any
number of the "masses" who might hear
and discuss it.
I hope that whon the new Carnegie LI
braiy building is finished, of which there is
now some prospect, there will be such lec
tures given there My friend Mr. narlow,
Ihe junior partner in the successful firm of
architects, sent me a day or two ago a pho
tograph which he took last summerat Dux
bury, lepresentlng a fino avenue of great
trees running down to a wide vista of sea.
So one looks along the aisles of pillars in the
projected building and Imagines a
vista of the future, wide as the
ocean, across which Pittsburg's "ship"
comes sailing In, freighted with all
tho blessings of art, of music, of literature,
of learning. With such a center of good in
fluences, what good results shall be impos
sible. Great Mortality Among Aged People.
Bellefoxte, Jan. 10. Special. Within
tho last lew days tlioi o have been 11 deaths
of people aged botuccnSOnmltO uithln the
immediate vicinity. Neatly .ill were caused
by tho grip or its results.
ICON OUT IN EABNEST.
Deputy Marshals and Postmasters to Have
Their Perquisites Cut Oft
Washikqtow, D. C, Jan. 10. An effort
will be made by a number of Democratic
Representatives in Congress to have the
Appropriations Committee recommend that
the fee system in federal offices be abol
ished, so lar as can be well done. A num
ber of Congressmen, especially in the South
ern States, urge that the continuance of tho
fee system results in much hardship to peo
ple in their Statcs.through Deputy Marshals
and other court officers straining tho laws
for the purpose-of making cases in courts,
and thereby increasing tho emoluments of
their offices. It is urged that the Govern
ment would really save a great deal of
money bv paying salaries to such employes
as are necessary in fee offices, and requiring
that all fees shall he turned Into the United
States Treasury. Vigorous opposition, how
ever, is expected to this reform and the Ap
propriation Committee has not yet got to
work, so that it is uncertain what will be
the outcome.
One of the attempts to do awav with per
quisites iu Foderal offices Is of considerable
interest to the numerous postmasters of the
first class throughout the country. At pres
ent stamped envelopes are furnished to
postmasters at a cost or a fifth of a cent for
each envelope. No profit is realizod on these
hy the postmaster, when he sells them in
large lots. When 'sold singly, or in small
quantities, theie is a profit of iour-flfthsofa
cent on each envelope, and Mr. O'Neill, of
Missouri, who intends to urgo Congress to
change the practice, says that the result is
a considerable profit at tho end of the year
to the postmasters who are in receipt of a
regular fixed salary. He will urge that here
after stamped envelopes be furnished nt
cost in 5-cent lots, the price of tho stamp
not included. The Government, he says,
should not make a profit on these and other
conveniences it furnishes to the people,
but should give them at cost wherever prac
ticable, and any profits arising where the
exact cost cannot bo conveniently fixed
should not go to salaried officers.
AH APPEAL X0 S0UTHEBN FABHEBS
To Organize With tho View of Reducing
the Acreage of Cotton.
Memphis, Jan. 10 Yesterday morning. In
tho parlors of tho Peabody Hotel, there was
held a conference between the Commission
ers of Agriculture or tho various cotton
States, who attended tho convention of cot
ton growers on the previous day, and they
agreed on the following memorial:
"The Commissioners of Agriculture repre
senting the States of Alabama, Arkansas,
North Carolina, Georgia and Tennessee, be
ing impressed with tho necessity of the re
duction of the acreage of cotton and the
greater diversification of the crops for home
consumption, bv indorsing the action of the
Cotton Growers' and Merchant3'ConventIon,
held in the city of Memphis, on the 8th of
January, do earnestly appeal to all agri
culture" and mercantile organizations, con
sisting of alliances, granges, stato and
county agricultural societies, boards of
trade, cotton exchanges, chambers of com
merce, etc.. also individual fanners and
merchants, to assist and co-operate with us
in securing tho foicgoing results, and to this
end recommend the general and local adop
tion of the action of the convention pledg
ing themselves to a reduotion of not less
than 20 per cent of the cotton acreage of
last year; and we further agree and recom
mend tho lmmcdiato organization of States ,
and districts or townships, to act either in
dependently or through -already organized
societies, as may be doomed best, as will
most readily insure the benefits arising from
concert of action nd decreased production
of cotton for the year 1S92."
A CRUISES IK MIKIATTJEE.
The Model of tho New York at the United
States Navy Department.
WAsnrKGTOW, Jan. 10. Visitors to the Navy
Department who pass tin ough the corridor
in front of the office of Secretary Tracy will
rind added to the collection of veryhand
bOrac models of the new vessels of the navy
a model of tho cruiser New York, and it is
the finest of a very beautiful set of half a
dozen or more, including the Baltimore,
Newark, Mohteroy, Yorktown, Petrel and
some others. The model of the New York is
six feet in length, and is complete, even to
the minutest detail. The hull, from the
keel to water line, Is painted a rich salmon
color, and above tho water line it is a cream
white.
The throe smokestacks aro very light buff,
and the ventilating funnels, which are many
in number, ere all of bright bronze. The
furreted big guns, fore and aft, aie made to
imitate the bright steel of real ordnance,
and the machine guns in the shielded tops
aro nickel-plated and glittering. The model
is made upon the same scale as the ones
made befoie It, so that visitors can see nt a
glance how much superior in size is the New
York. The Nowark.which is almost as large
as the Chicago, shrinks Into comparative
lnsizniflcance beside the New York. Secre
tary Tracy considers the model a valuablo
addition to the department's' collection of
object lessons. Many persons who visit tho
department never come near to realizing
what a man-of-war is than to see those
models of tho cruisers. They live far away
from the coast and are not in the way of see
ing the vessels themselves.
FOUND A PEABL IK HIS SOUP.
A Gem Valued at 82,500 Discovered at a
Church Kntertalmnenr.
PiACfpiELP, N. J., Jan. 10. Mrs. J. W.
Hummer-, of High Bridge, attended an oyster
supper for the benefit of the Methodist
Episcopal Chmch Thursday night. While
eating tho bivalves from the half shell her
teeth suddonly struck a hard substance.
Thinking she had bitten a piece of oyster
shell, Mrs. Hummer removed the substance
from her mouth.
It proved to be an extraordinarily large
pearl. A Philadelphia Jeweler, who chanced
to bo pi esent, pronounced it to be of perfect
formation and exquisite color, and said it
was worth at least $2,500.
DEATHS IIEEE AND ELSEWHERE.
Nrs. Henry Logan, Parkersburg.
Irs. . Henry Logan, widow of Henry
Logan, the philanthropist, died at Parkersburg
yesterday after a short illness. She was over 60
Tears ot age. Mr. and Mrs. Logan, being very
wcalthv and childless, gave largely of thclrmeans
to charity. The Henry Logan Chlidrens' Home
here Is a monument to their benevolence, ai Is also.
In part, the African Methodist Church. Many a
colored man has been entertained at their home,
and many a deserving poor man. white or hlack,
has been presented with a comfortable home by
them. Mrs. Logan belonged to one of the leading
families.
Jndge Charles M. Hughes.
Judge Charles 5f. Hughe3, one of the
most distinguished lawyers In Northwestern Ohio,
died suddenly at his nome In Lima yesterd-iy after
noon, lie had Just finished dinner with his family
and sat down In a chair when he fell to the -floor
dead, heart disease being the ctuse. He had held
the office of Prosecuting Attorney, served two
terms as Probate Judge and was on the Common
Pleas bench eight years. The last four years he
had been practicing law.
Andrew Lee.
Andrew Lee, aged 72 years, a well-known
resident of the East End, died suddenly at his
home on Lvrle street jesterday afternoon. He
had Just finished dinner and lay down on a lounge,
when he suddenly begau to moan and became un
conscions. A physirlan was summoned, bnt Mr.
Lee had expired before he arrived. Heart failure
was pronounced the cause of death.
Obituary Notes.
JOip N. GIUER. Sheriff of Somerset county from
1876 to 1880. and recently Prothonotary, died Friday
in his 53d year.
Mns.'VAN'DDEnsnx, ajredlOO years and of Revo
lutionary stock, widow of an officer of the War of
1812, died Saturday In Mlddlctown, Conn.
REV. Dn. HEYKAMr, the old Catholic Arch
bishop of Utrecht,acityof the Netherlands died
Saturday. His ucath was due to an attack of ln
nuenzi. .
Hox. AddISOXMat, who died In West Chester.
Pa., on Friday, for many years was State Prison
Inspector. He was President of the Board of
Trustees of the State Normal College.
Samuel Hess, of the Pine Grove Mills, who
died Saturday, was born 17DJ, in Centre county,
making him ftt years of a?t Ho held several
countv oSlces diirinz his life time, and back In the
forties was a well-knon n Democratic politician.
Miss Joepiiise Florence Midill, jonugest
daughter of Joseph Mcdlll. editor or the Chicago
TrUninf, died suddenly and unexpectedly at Paris
yestirdav. She had abont recovered from an
attack of the grip, but caught cold and suffered a
relapse.
CAPTAIN ROBERT F. BRADFORD, United btates
Navy, was found dead iu bed at Portsmouth,
N. II.. Saturday morning, the probable cause
being heart failure. Captain Bradford was ap-
Snlntcd to the Naval Academy from Massachusetts
lay 21, -185 J.
Mns. SALOME PEYSERT, said to be the oldest
female member of the Moravian Church in Amer
ica, died In Bethlehem, Pa., of grip. She was born
there nearlva centurv ago, and lor bO years was
matron ot the Widows House, connected with the
Moravian Church.
Thomas P. Tw yjtor died Prlday night at Coun
cils Bluffs. Ia iifpueunouli, ascdC!. Mr. Trey
nor was at one time proplctoraf the.Vnpir3i, and
Jor f. o j r.irs President of the North western As
sociated Press, and poit'uaster lorvnu terms un
der l'rislucnt Grant.
THE L & 0. MOVEMENT.
Tho Height of Foolishness.
McKcesport Herald.
That falthfnl little band of Sabbath pro
tectorsthe Law and Order Society are
Just now furnishing Allegheny county with
more amusement than the best side show
that ever traveled. They have done away
with many petty things that annoyed them,
and-caused the temperature to rise under
the back of their coat collars, but now they
would attack an institution in which the in
telligent people of Allegheny county aro
ono and all interested. The Sunday news
paper, they say, must go, and in order to get
it out of the way they will strike at the
newsboys audagents throughout the county
who sell on the Sabbath. For the present
they will not touch the propritors, oditors
and printers. ' Thoy are after the smaller
game at the start. As experience is gained
they wilt mount to tho higher planes of Sun
day newspaper work. This Is practically
the declaration of the society, made by their
officer, who is expected to do the work, at
the samo time acknowledgingthat he is in it
for the fees.
Every fair-minded man in tho county will
admit that such a crusade, made nnder laws
that are a telle of the past age, is the height
of foolishness. Thero is not even an ele
ment of common sense; neither can It be
said that justice accompanies the move
ment, even though It Is upheld by thelaw.
A statute whloli provides for the sanctity of
the Lord's day is of incalculable benefit to
the people of this State, but the Law and
Order Socletv is unable to distinguish be
tween luxuries and necessities, thus causing
the present move against Sunday news
papers. In the Sunday law there should be
a section providing for such work as must
bo done every Cay in the year. Those who
labor in tbis way should not come under tbe
ban, and such workshouldbe clearly pointed
out. Another feature should be permits to
engage in such business as popular feeling
demands. '
Should Enlist, Not Alienate.
Bradford Star.
Certain newspapers are apprehensive lest
the Law and Order Society turn Pittsburg
into a silent ruin, overgrown with the mos3
of fogyism and the lichen of cranklsm. This
alarm on the part of the progressionists is
premature. Thirty-six murders wore com
mitted in Allegheny county last year, and
hardly a crlmo in the calendar failed of
making a record. There Is ample verge and
scope for reform In Pittsburg. He who fe3rs
that Pittsburg will become too good for hu
man habitation overestimates the power of
the crank in the community and has studied
the history of reform movements to little
purpose. The crank whose impulses are
right ought to bo encouraged. He is fre
quently entertaining and is quite certain to
De amusing. He seldom accompllsnes any
thing himself, but sometimes his fantastlo
crusades awaken Dublin sentiment to the
importance of correcting real abuses, and
eood comes of him after all. To be sure, the
Law and Order people of Pittsburg show
their fanaticism by making the newspapers
the chief object of assault; for no movement
can succeed without the'ald of the press.
SAgaclous 10 forms seek to enlist, rather than
alienate, the press. Nevertheless, let the
work go on. No harm can come of it, and
good may result.
Itehind the Spirit or the Century.
Minneapolis Trlbnne.
Another attempt to stop the Pittsburg
Sunday papers will be made to-morrow.
The law nnder which this holy warfare is
carried on is n century old, but it is not as
far behind the spirit of the nineteenth
century as the men who are trying to in
forco it.
They Are Grotesque Anachronisms.
Indianapolis Sentinel.
A few cranks at Pittsburg are trying to
suppress the Sunday newspapers hy invok
ing a statute 100 years old. These cranks
ought to have lived at the time the statute
was passed. In this year of grace 1893 they
are grotesque anachronisms.
What Pittshurg Beally Needs.
Washington Post. 1
The truly good peoplo of Pittsburg have
decided to suppress Sunday newspapers.
What Pittsburg really needs is a visitation
of tbe fool killer.
TALKING ABOUT CLEVELAND.
St. Jackson's D at came along Justin time
to snatch Mr. Cleveland from the drill, cold
Jaws of oblivion. New York Advertiser.
G rover Cleveland carried off all tbe
Jacksonian honors, and the funny thing
about it is that the old hero was a pretty
stout protectionist. New YorkEecordcr.
In the society of his charming wife and
lovely little daughter, Mr. Cleveland will
find ample comfort many years to oome, wo
trust, for the ingratitude of Democracy.
Chicago Tribune.
Democrats are now waiting for that letter
Grover Cleveland is to write saying he will
not be a candidate for the Presidency if tho"
tariff question is to be made secondary to
the silver question. Toledo Blade.
The fact that Cleveland hasn't written a
political letter since tbe Speakership elec
tion must; be regarded as a pretty good sign
thathehas quit thinking of himself as a can
didate for President. St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
Mr. Cleveland's latest phrase, "Indelible
ineligibility," seems to fit a good many
Democratic statesmen, who have been pok
ing up Presidental lightning rods in New
York, Ohio, Indiana and Iowa. Chicago Inter
Ocean.
Thahes to the inborn integrity of tho
masses of the people and the influence of a
few honest statesmen like Grover Cleveland,
the time has not yet come when Tammany
is greater than the Democratic party, or
Tammany's candidate the necessary candi
date of the party s Atlanta Journal.
B0TJKD TO HAVE THEIE CHUECH.
A Hitch in the Efforts for a New FresDy
terlan Society at Beaver Falls.
Beaver Falls, Jan. 10. Special. The pe
tition to Presbytery by a number of families
belonging to tbe church in this city, to grant
them the privilege of withdrawing and
forming a new church, was well received,
and a committee was appointed to look into
the affair. The committee visited here De
cember 19, and returned and roported, but
nothing further has been heard. It is now
said that the prayer of tho disaffected fam
ilies was not granted, the committee re
porting "that there was something back
of it."
Key. Dr. Parklnjon, who has been an
active mover ior the new organization, has
been accused of saving he would preach in
it for nothing. He has also been the recipi
ent of considerable abuse. In an open letter
tho gentleman denies that he Intended to
preach In the newchurch, and adds: "I had
no axes to grlud. I have felt the spiritual
interests of this part of the town were neg
lected, especially that of Presbvterianism.
Tho present church is crowded with 500
members, and the pastor has all one man
can do." The people Interested now think
"thero is something hack of it," and that
something emanates from tne old organiza
tion. They propose, ho ever, to have thlr
church.
OFT H0N0EED, HEVEB F0BG0TTEK.
The Late Admiral Hodgers Kcmembcrcd hy
the Metropolitan Club.
Washington, D. C, Jan. 10. The Metro
politan Club held a meeting his afternoon
to take appropriate action upon the death
of Admiral C R. P. Eodgers. General Scho
field presided, and a committee on resolu
tions was appointed, consisting of Judge
John Davis.AQmirnl Franklin and Mareellns
Bailey. In lcportlng the resolutions Judge
Davis commented upon the longand faith
ful service to the club of Admiral Uodeer,
who was for nearly 20 years an officer of the
association, coming into its service at con
stderablo'personnl sacrifice, and whoso nbil
ity, fidelity and good judgment had guided
the club successfully In Us course.
Judge Davis alluded to tho Admiial's
favorite simile of a "hand of Iron in a velvet
glove." and said that tbe hand in that glove
was Arm In leading the uncertain, strong In
supporting the weary, soft and caressing to
the weak and suffering. Resolutions of re
spect were t' ereupon adopted. Admiral
Kodgers was elected President of the club 11
times in succession. The funeral services,
in accordance with tho v. Ishes of the dead
Admiral, will be strictly private. Thev will
take plnce to-morrow morning from St.
John'b Episcopal Church.
Progress of tho Long-Distance 'Phone.
Belletonte, Jan. 10. Special The long
distance telephone, conuecflntr with New
York, Philadelphia unci Pittsburg, has been
completed to this place.
TBEATMEHT OF THE GBL?.
Views or French Expert Who Has Closely
Studied the Malady.
New York, Jan. 10. The Herald's Paris
cables contain an interview with Albert
Bobin, a celebrated French expert, on the
treatment of influenza. He says that if in
fluenza is especially dangerous on account
of the compllcationsthatarise from it, it fol
lows that its true treatment is to avoid tho
latter. These complicationsare pneumonia,
pulmonary congestion, weakness of the
norvons system and acldnlous poisoning pf
the blood.
To avoid such complications tho patient
should be kept rigorously in bed so long as
there is the slightest fever or the slightest
cough. Warm aromatic potions should bo
given, which induce perspiration, and by
sweating eliminate the toxic products that
encumber the blood.
He has determined, by the way, that the
sweat of a person suffering from influenza
is 12 times more toxic than that of a person
In a normal condition. Weak doses of sul
phate of quinine of from S to M
centigrams should be given three times a
d.-.v. The reason is that large doses
make the patient sleep profoundly and de
stroy the fever, but have no action what
ever upon the poisons circulating in the
blood and do not diminish their destructl
billty. 8 mall doses, on the contrary, given
frequently, render more active exudation
and elimination of these poisons which are
tho source of the danger.
Antipyrlne, which is often recommended
as a specific for influenza, should be mis
trusted. This medicine depresses the nerv
ous system, closes the kidneys, which are
the principal means of eliminatine animal
poisons, and consequently it Is more harm
ful than useful. To sulphate of quinine
should be added alcohol in moderate doses
in the form of port wine or grog.
It is necessary above all when fever has
disappeared and the patient wishes to go
oat and restime his usual occupations to In
sist upon a convalesence indoors for from
four to eight days, according to the serious
ness of the attack. Such is tho general treat
ment. If influenza becomes localized and affects
any particular organ a local treatment
should accompany the general treatment.
This is. of course, the affair of the physician
consulted, and cannot be treated under the
head of general Indications.
THE COMING WEEK IK C0K6BES3-
Neither Branch Able to Do Very Much For
Some Time Yet.
Washington, D. C, Jan. 10 On the calen
dars of tho Senate there lsnothingof general
Interest, (unless tho old Weil and La Abra
bills may be thus characterized), and there
is little prospect of reports coming from
Committees at an early day in the week, so
that beyond listening to speeches and con
sidering nominations In executive session
there will be little for tbe Senate to do.
The House has no programme of business
for this week. It is still embarked on tho
sea of "general parliamentary practice,"
and until a code of rules is framed, the
course of proceedings will depend upon tbe
conditions that arise from day to day. The
committees have ns yet done nothing more
than effect an organization, so that it is
unlikely that any measure will be on the
House calendars in season for action beforo
next week. Under the temporary order of
the House made to facilitate business prior
to the adoption of a full set of rules, Mon
day will be devoted to the introduction of
bills under a call of the States. The Com
mittee on Accounts expects to report early
in the week a resolution making the usual
assignment of clerkships to committees.
There is some opposition to the allowance
of clerks to the smaller committees, which
may lead to a prolonged debate on the
necessity for economy in expenditures.
Mr. Blount, Cbairmin of tbe Foreign
Aflalrs Committee, has moved a reconsider
ation of the vote by which the House re
fused concurrence in the Senate resolution,
making an appropriation tocharter a supply
vessel for tbe relief of Bussian famine suf
ferers, and if the opportunity comes, he will
endeavor during the week to have the
House agree to a reference of the resolution
to the Foreign Affairs Committee.
EA1LB0AD 10,000 MILES LONG.
Bussian Engineers Talk About the Great
Siberian Project Now Under Way.
Cuicago, Jan. 10. The members of the Bus
sian Imperial Engineers of Construction,
who have for many months been surveying
for a proposed extension of the great Gov
ernment railroad through Siberia to the Pa
cific, arrived yesterday at the Auditorium
on their return to St. Petersburg. The party
consists of Alexander ByJofT, chief imperial
engineer of construction under tho minister
holding that portfolio in the government of
the Czar, and his assistants, E. Damewski
and K. Ceglinski. ' Some years ago," said
Mr. Kyjoff, "I went out to the Siberian port
of Vladlvostock and made a survey for that
portion of tbe road which is now completed
as far as Grafski, a distance of about 200
miles from Vladlvostock. The survey we
have just completed takes the road 231 miles
still farther north, to tho capital of East Si
beria. "Work has already boon done also at the
other end of the line. Jeheliabfck is now
connected by rail with St. Petersburg, 3.C00
miles away, but Jehellabisk is 4,670 miles
from Vladlvo3took, and as only 500 miles of
that distance have ever been surveyed you
see how enoimous is the work proposed. I
hope to see tbe whole line completed within
12 years. It will then be bnt little less than
10.000 miles long and will have cost 400,000,000
rubles, or about $200,000,000 in your money.
This will be Rnssiu's first and only railroad
to the Pacific Ocean, and will for the first
timo place her in direct communication
with au open port. The road in a purely
commercial way will bring about great re
sults. Siberia is a rich agricultural country,
but at present is 3,000 miles Irom market. In
case of a war with China the road would bo
of Incalculable value."
HAHDY WITH HIS KNIFE.
A Connecticut Yankee Does Some Artistic
Work in Wood.
Norwich, Jan. 10. The old-time Yankee
whlttlers arc almost extinct in Connecticut,
yet there are one or two of them iu the State
who have the leisure, patience and persever
ance, and a jack-knife sharp and cunning
enough, to win glory. John Spencer, of
Willlmantic, is about to exhibit several of
his masterpieces. He has lately completed
seven war scenes, which comprise over 400
separate Images. Ono scene is called "The
Foraging Scene." It represents a planta
tion in the South, and the Union troops raid
ing It in quest of food. In one corner is a
log cabin, its owner standing in tbe door
way, terror stricken, gazing helplessly and
anxiously at the looting operations going on
about him. He Is supposed to be the owner
of a lot of razor-back Southern hogs, which
have been let loose, and a squad of blue
jackets .are in triumphant pursuit of them
all about tho yard.
At tho cabin door sits a boy in blue, who
appears to be making love to a dark-hued
damsel, who Is partly listening to his story
and grinning altogether more interestedly
at the squealing pig. Mr. Spencer says that
the scene portrays an actual affair that he
witnessed In the South, and that veterans
will recognize its verity at once. The sec
ond block scene portrays a battle between
Union and Conroderate forces, and 2C0
wooden manikins appear to be fighting. Mr.
Spencer spent two years cnttingthU pano
rama into shape. The whole tiling is skill
fully done, and in a life-like manner, yet
every bit of work on it wis done with a Con
necticut Jack-knile. Mr. Spencer may ex
hibit several or his best and most elaborate
pieces at the World's Fair.
Changes at the State College.
Belletonte, Jan. 10. SnedaU Prof.
Thomas F. Hunt, or the Chair of Agricul.
tnro of tho Pennsylvania State College, has
accepted a' call to the Ohio University. A
Chair pf Veterinary Surgery has been es
tablished at tho Stnte College during the
winter term, with Dr. I. N. Bush, V. &., a3
lecturer.
ANcw Gerrymander For Missouri.
Jefferson Citt, Jnn. 10. Information from
areliablo source came to hand to-day that
an extra sosslon of the Mi-sourt Lesislature
will be called together by Governor Francis
early In February, mid that tho session will
bo devoted exclusively to the redisricting
of the State for Congressional purposes.
Vindicates Latter-Day Flnanciars.
Chicago Mall.
Pennsylvania's Supremo Court has de
cided that 'bank directors can not bo com
pelled to direct. This decision vindicates a
largo number of latter-day financiers.
A Snrely Promising Development.
Coloralo Sun.
One of the Miraly promised developments
of 1832 1' that of thu tin Industry iu the
United States.
0NDESSATI05S. f ?
Truckee, CM., has a bahy with one
black and one blue eye. ,
Illinois has appropriated $24,772,163 lor
charitable purposes since 1839.
A microscope is beinp made in Munich
which will magnify H.OCO diameters.
A few animals are voiceless, as the
giraffe, the armadillo and the porcupine.
About $750,000 worth of oysters are
shipped to San Francisco annually from tho
oyster beds of San Mateo county.
A walnut tree 0 feet in diameter and
SO feet to the first branch will be the unique
exhibit or a Missouri town at the World's
Fair.
Twenty-five new species of fish were
discovered by the officers of the Albatrosji
while surveying the Pacific Ocean fora cable
to Honolulu.
The flat pieces of iron shaped like the
letter S which are frequently seen on the
walls of old brick buildings Is the ancient
symbol of the sun.
Cole Harbor, Nova Scotia, is excited
oyer a strange animal that has appeared in
the woods th ere. Ir is about 7 feet high and
is said to look like a gorilla.
Experiments have shown that a person
speaking in the open air can be heard about
equallr as well at a distance or 100 feet la .
front, 75 at each side and 30 behind.
Dr.'Arnott says that the pressure of air
on tho knee joint is sufficient to keep it In
place without ligaments.andthat cannon dis
cbarges can be heard nearly twice as far as -thunder.
Cats die at an elevation of 13,000 feet,
even though they are reputed to have "nine
lives" when on a level with the ocean. Dogi
and men can climb the greatest known nat
ural elevations.
Married men are said to live longer
than single ones; tall men longer than short
ones. Women have more chances of life In
their favor previous to the 50th yearthaa
men have, but fewer afterward.
The month ot February, 1886, was
known among the lovers of the raro and
curious in nature as the "moonless month"
from the fact of it having no full moon. This
can only occur eight times in a century.
The little cuttle fish, which swarm in
such vast numDers along the North Atlantio
coast, aie near cousins to the giant squids,
which grow to 60 feet in length, and have
afforded material for so many astonishing
sea yarns.
Albinos, one who contended with
Severus for the Eoman Empire, was the
greatest glutton of antiquity. For one
breakfast he ate 500 figs, 100 peaches, ten
melons. 20 bunches of zranes. ICO small birds
and 400 oysters.
Divers who helped to-lay the foundation
of the great Eads Bridge found that while
they were under a pressure of four "atmos
pheres," or GO pounds to the square inch, the
ticking of a-watch was absolutely painful to
the ear. They also found it impossible to
whistle.
If an elephant was as altisonant or far
sounding as a nightingale In proportion to
his bulk, his trumpeting could be easily
heard around tbe world. On like conditions
an ox bellowing In Australia could be heard
in New York about 15 hours after making
the noise.
Aristotle attempted to weigh air by
weighing a bag when empty and again after
it had been Inflated. The result of this ex-
Seriment caused him to announce that air
ad no weight. Without air we could see
the stars as plainly during the day as we
can at night.
The old question as to whether the
upper part of a carriage wheel in motion
moves faster than the lower part seems to
have been definitely settled by instantane
ous photography, which show3 the top
spokes indistinct, the bottom, clear cut and
well defined.
The smallest railway in the world is
that from Ravenglass to Boot, in Cumber
land. Tbe gauge is three feet, the engine
an absurd little thing, and the carriages like
miniature cages. As to the stations, they
resemble double bathing boxes more than
anything else.
A bright half dollar of the coinage of
1876 was found in a cow's stomach recently
in Texas. It seemed a little eaten by the
acids of the animal's stomach, but was a
good silver hal f dollar. The cow was about
10 years old. When, where or-how she came
to swallow it is a mystery.
It now turns out that the Atlantic and
not tho Pacific is the higher of the two
oceans, and that in place of the difference
in level being hundreds of feet, as has been
affirmed, the surface of the water on the
east side of tbe isthmus is exactly CK feet
higher than it is on tbe western side.
Currents of water serve to a vast extent
the purpose of distributing seeds. Walnut,
butternut and pecan trees are found close to
streams, where they drop their nuts Into the
passing flood, to bo carried far away and
start other grovesperhapshundreds of miles
distant. Tree seeds or many sorts are car
ried by oceanic currents.
The Vatican, the ancient palace of the
Popes of Borne, is the most magnificent
building of the kind in the world. It stands
on the right bank of the Tiber, on a hill
called the Vatieanus, because the Latins
formerly worshiped Vaticinlum, an ancient
oracular deity of that placet Exactly when
the building was commenced no one knows.
Charlemagne is known to have inhabited it
ever 1,000 years ago.
-r-Most of the finer fans sold here are
made in Paris and In three or four suburban
villages near by. No fanmaker knows the
whole art. All the workers in one village
make sticks; those in another fold: those in
a third supply the bows to hold the sticks
together. The making of the upper sticks is
a trade by itself. After all the parts have
beon made thoy aro sent to the great fac
tories in Paris to be put together.
Forty peaks of theJHimalayas are more
than 20.000 feet in height. One of these.
Dhawalageri (White Mountain) has an alti
tude of 26,863 feet, and, till the height or Mt.
Everest was computed, was believed to be
the highest mountain peak in the world.
Three others in tbis same range besides
Everest and Dhawolageri are higher than
the highest mountain in America. They
are: Jawahir, 25,749 feet: Chamalari, 26,000
feet, and Gossingthar, 24,740.
TRIFLING WITH WORDS.
Stranger Yon advertised a spiritualistic
seance here to-night, but the house Is dark.
Manager Yes; the medium failed to materialize.
Judge,
HARD LUCK.
I called upon my lady love
Against her stern behest:
So shejnst pressed the button
The footman did tbe rest.
Puck.
"That's such a bur tooth, too. I should
think yon would hate to lose It."
"Yes. It will cost me a pang to part with tt."
Chicago Tribune.
Jessie "What a pretty face Kitty has!
bat a little sorrowra!,-lon't you think?
Ned Yes;that sad expression Is her strong hold,
no man ever sees It without feeling a aerce deslr
to spend the rest of his life in making her happy,
Puck.
He sat in a garret and chewed on his pen;
He looVed at the ceiling and eyed It azaln;
And he walled In a voice that was piteous. "What
In the name of my muse will I do for a plot?
"Must I sit here and starve? No; my bread shall
be earned.
I'll write on wlthont-tf I doa't I'll be durnedl"
So, plotless, he plodded; the words scattered rife.
And straightway he made the great hit of his life,
Judge.
Mr. Yonnghusband (comincr home finds
his wire at the stove) So you are doing your own
cooking? Tell me. nqw. what is that you are
cooling at that stove. Molly?
Molly You mustn't have so much curiosity. I
don't know- myself yet what It la going to be.
Texas Sifting.
"Wool This electric execution law must
be a great disappointment to a certain class of
men.
Van Pelt-What class? J "
Wool '1 hose who were born to be hanged. Jw
York Herald.
Quoth he, "Indeed this wit refined,
. difficult to trace,
I see I must make up my mind
Ere I make up m y face. "
VTathtngton Star. " r
Hawes What did yonr wife give you for..
a Christmas prttcat.' n
Dawe-dhe sewed on all the buttons that were-"
olfmy clutT.. ' r' ,'"
Hawts (cuviunsly) I wish my wife had thought
or that. She gave me a box of clgars.-iSwaVrriZfeS
Journal. r ' "T ;
CUEIOUS C0NDESSATI05S.
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