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THE PITTSBUBG , DISPATCH. SATUEDAT, DECEMBER 5, 1891.
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COMISH FDNERAL.
n Occasion for Any Amount of
Jtystery and Queer Celebration.
LD CUSTOMS STILL OBSERVED.
vents Decidedly Illustrative- of the Char
acter of the People.
HUNDREDS AI.WAIS IX ATTENDANCE
Icor.uEsiMvpr.NcE or ran risrATcn.l
Clowax, Cornwall, Xov. Sa I al
ways love to come into rough and hearty
. old Cornwall. Physically it has two inter
sthxrf,3spects, the moorland, mineland in-tt-rior
barrenness; and the weird and won
drous coastwise scenic glory.
yThe moorlands stretch dolorously as if in
oundless loneliness. The tors or hills are
leak and bare. The whole face of nature
ems torn and scarred as if by tremendous
omental struggles. Yet all these caverns
ad cliasms which disfigure it were made by
the hand of man. Its granite, shale and
slate hide copper, tin and iron. For more
than 3,000 year its surface has been cleft,
r.nd its depths gored and bored, until its
face is pitted as if with extinct volcanoes.
Toward St. George's Channel at the north
west and the English channel at the south
cast, innumerable valleys and tiny burns
.slope toward and cut through the walls by
the sea, eeryone discharging limpid
streams, which go whirling, foaming and
j-inging to the sea. Along the sides of these
lovely combes are the quaint old homes, the
rich acres the ample ricks of grain and the
t-leek herd"- of the sturdy farmers of Corn
wall. Tramp ihes-c coast roads hut a mile,
j ou suddenly stnmble upon thee lovely
Tales the stream and the farm half hidden
by glorious foliage d otting the sides far up
the combe as eye can icacli; here a rumbling
old mill, there a nestling church; below vou
the quaint old villacc; beyond, the tiny
haen skirted bv the homes of fishers, and
j knocked bv queer fisher's craft; further, the
. ' tide ploughing up between massive haven
walls, or a stretch of low-tide rock and
;- drift; and at last the bright blue sea.
Tlirro Kim's of People In Cornwall.
So there are three kinds of folk and life
"In Cornwall. The mines and miners largely
jccupy the barren interior. Between these
iml the coast are the farms and farmers of
the liny combes and ales. And everybody
on the " coast is a fincrman, fishwife, or hi
some wa profits from the endless harvest
5ns of the deep. Yet thec Cornih folk are
all one. Tlicy are one in sentiment and tra
dition: in evcrydav life and custom; in
i'ountlrss quaint and curious superstitions;
5n dislike and distrust of everv English per
M)n and thing outside of Cornwall: and
they are one in an almost universal piety.
They are nearly all methedisfs of the first,
linn sort. They arc all God-fearing, spook
lclie ing, honest-dealing folk, who believe
that liquor is as good for the bodv as is re
ligion for the soul: scrimping neither; in
dulging in neither to excess; and withal
' Favoring their ruined, even day lieswith
:i mutual helpfulness that is noble and a
penerous hospitality to the risht-meaning
stranger which know s no bounds.
Having been much amonc thee simple
and sturdy people. I have been greatly im
pressed by the often mournful and almost
j-tern manner in which their olden customs
are preserved. Change is unknown in
Cornwall. It is regarded in the nature of
desecration. The changeless pursuits of the
cople for thousands, not hundreds, of
years, mining, farming and fishing, larcely
Account for this. Besides, Cornwall has
fevr large towns. People live in miners'
cottages," farmhouses and fishers' huts,
which are huddled, Dv the half-dozen, per
haps a score, in tiny hamlets. In these
Cornish life mav be seen to-day precisely as
- it has regained for hundreds of years.
I Vcnliaritles of Cornish Funerals.
IV,faps there is no event among these
jieic moic illustrative of character, traits
?-c'flh' peculiar cherishing of mournful
'customs than the Cornish funeral. Xo work
is done for half a score of miles round
about on funeral days. All festive or politi
cal occasions fail "to draw together such
Cornish crowds as the burial of the lowliest
man or woman of Cornwall. The assem
blages never number less than many hun
dreds, and usually comprise many thou
ands of "Cousin Jacks." as all Cornish
men are called, and all call each other;
while the burial of a Cornish farmer, miner
or fisherman will often attract far greater
crowds than that of the greatest and noblest
lord. To illustrate this singular outpouring
n luneral occasions, in 1870 the body of a
3'raze miner who had emigrated to Colorado
and had been accidentally killed in one of
the mines of thai State, was bi ought back
here for burial. The entire population of
Cornwall is less than oOO.OOO souls, vet more
than 100.000 Cornish folk attended this
luneral, or nearly ten times the number that
Slathered at the" funeral ceremonies of the
late Lord St. Aubyn.
Every little hamlet has its carpenter and
joiner. " From time immemorial this person
rgc has possessed extraordinary dignity
from the fact that, bv favor and custom, he
is also the undertaker. His shop, which is
also his home, where his apprentice lives
with him, is regarded with extreme awe. It
contains the "luneral tackle," the necessary
implements for burial, which have beeh
handed down through generations, and in
whose preservation himself and his wife ex
ercise and display extraordinary anxiety
and pride. The people are univ ersally su
perstitious regarding all these articles, and
jf any are accidentally seen lying about,
they "exhibit genuine awe and fear. In fact
they aie intensely and hereditarily keen in
all death portents, attach the greatest sig
nificance to the slightest token, and, it is
taid, can "smell a funeral from Bodmin to
1'enz.ince."
ColHn Varnish Acts as a Magnet.
At the discovery of the faintest aroma of
coflin varnish in any Cornish hamlet, every
body is astir. Men and women gather in
ihe" streets; and women rush into each
other's house with the welcome-mournful
news.
"Oa, Jinny," the breathless visitor will
gasp, "Tommv's (the joiner) mak'in a box,
you!"
"You" is added to nearly every conversa
tional exclamation, inquiry, answer or sen
tence in Cornwall.
"Howst ee knaaw, you?"
"Cos't ce smell un!"
The joiner is quite as keen in keeping in
formed regarding tne progress ot any neigh
borhood illness, and is not likely to be
caught unprepared when his services are
finally requiied; for there is not only (30
.shillings, or a trifle over seven American
dollars, to be got for the ordinary Cornish
cofiin, but death ushers in the joiner's abso
lute reign for at least 48 hours. During
that period he is the undertaker, the great
est man in Cornwall; and in all commands
and behests no Czar was ever more im
plicitly obeyed.
But "he cannot provide against accidents in
the mines. If in the night time a knocking
is heard at his door bib good wife, Jinny is
ire first to waken, with "Tommy, siim
budv's Jack be dead. Go t' dooar!"
Descending, he meets theswarthv "paird
ner" of the dead miner with solemn vis
age, calculating the while if the lumber and
coffin furniture are ready, when this brief
but comprehensive colloquy may be heard:
"Wass a. matter, coden (cousin) Jack,
vou?"
"Thee cosn't guess whose dead, you."
"No, no, coden Jack: who es a?"
"Jack's Billy's dead, you. Hawl (hole
in the 'mine-Ditch") wentoaff about un n'
smash un all to scats."
"Thee doesn't sav SO?"
"Yea, yes, you. "Thees muns mak a
for un!"
box
v.ustle In an TJnitcrtafcers,Shop.
All is now bustle in the little shop.
The
measure lor the "box" has been brought
with the aid of a "strop" or string; or the
undertaker secures it by an extraordinary
series.of professional maneuvers about the
person of 'the "pairdner," who as cautiously
admits certain comparisons regarding his
own stuture. and that of "un" who was
"smashed all to scats."
Then the sleepy "prentice" is bundled out
cif bed and hurried off to I'razc, Helston or
I'enzance for the coffin-handles and plate,
the latter always being a huge enameled af
fair more than a foot square. The lad, shiv
ering with fright, first proceeds to the house
for the requisite lettering. Then the
dreariest trip on earth is taken by this Cor
nish boy. It is often from 10 to 20 miles
and return. Xine times out of 10,
his route is across howling moors,
over dangerous paths that literally
wind about pitfalls, or through six
foot lanes where the thorn trees prod
and lance him savagely. Dark and drear is
this trip for any human. Grcwsomcly dark
and drear it "always is for this Cornish
'prentice, for it always rains in Cornwall,
and the wind forever rages over the rock
strewn peninsula so fiercely that even the
gravestones are anchored and propped that
the sign-posts of the dead may not be blown
away. Inexpressiblv dark and drear is it
to this Cornish lad w'ith the wraith of the
"smashed un" for his only company.
The country undertaker will complete his
"box" by the next evening. It is always
the same in Cornwall of pine, stained a
rich, dark cherry, with two heavy handles
on each side, the huge enameled plate on
top, upholstered with carpenter s snavings
and cheap white muslin, and provided with
a stout rope handle, like that on an emi
grant chest, at the head and foot. There
are no hearses in this land. No carts,
wagons or carriages are ever seen here at a
funeral, unless it be at one of some member
of a noble family.
Much Mystery and Difficulty.
The deliverv of the coffin for "layln' out"
has therefore been for generations a matter
of importance and rude ceremony, and al
ways by hand. From the universal dread
of these people to come in any manner of
contact with anything pertaining to the
dead, "carryin the box" is attended with
some mystery and more dimculty. Usual
ly the undertaker's old cronies, who know
that liquor and perhaps a shilling besides,
is at the end of the journey, are engaged.
These, four in number, with the "box" on
timbers between, and with the joiner at
their head, set out on their lugubrious jour
ney, which is often one of many miles.
On arrival at the place of destination the
"box" is set down some distance from the
house. In accordance with long custom he
enters alone and announces his mission.
Through just as old a custom a short period
of wailing is then the rule. This ceases as
abruptly as it began; when the undertaker
alwavs "asks of the widow, "Well, Jinnv,
hast ee got anv licker? The chaps out ther's
a little 'fraid." She will invariably reply,
"Yes, my son, plenty, plenty." lie then
repairs to the thirsty helpers, with the re
mark, "No fear boys, long o' Jack. Jinny's
got plenty licker;" and they will as cheerily
reply: "All roight, Tommy, we can stand
un now!"
I.ots of Officious Measurement.
These matters, essential from time im
memorial, being once adjusted, they are
lollowed by a great amount of officious
measurement; for from first to last every
possible opportunity lor simple lmpressive
ness and effect is made most ot Some
times the "heading" of the little stairway
is removed. Perhaps the "box" must go in
through the second story window. But
nothing more tcrribla could happen than to
have the "box" come into the house in any
other way that "feet first." That would be
an unqualified and absolute presage of
further death in the same family, or to
neighbors who were "watching" with the
family.
In Cornwall, "watching" with the dead
,is universally called "scttin' oop with Co
den Jack." Friends and relatives always
go to the house of mourning and enliven
the family with memories of other similar
occasions; of the most marked character
istics of tne deceased; and, all else failing,
revive the countless uncanny death legends
and superstitions of Cornwall. These gath
erings, however, are never held in the room
with the dead. The single living room of
the Cornish household is utilized, and it
would not be a Cornish home if the funeral
"saffron cake" and an abundance of liquot
were not provided.
Edgau L. 'VTakemax.
MASSAGE by machinery described by
Shirley Dare in THE DISPATCft to-morrow.
International Flsli Law Xeedea.
Another international meeting of fish
commissioners will be held in Hamilton
next Tuesday. Commissioner George H.
Welshons expects to be present! The prob
lem is to protect the border waters between
Canada and the United States. As all the
States touching the lakes, and the different
Canadian provinces are interested, Mr. Wel
shons couldn't say what plan would be
arranged. He thought, however, that all
would agree to a law prohibiting fishing
within a mile and a half of the shore with
nets of any kind or size of the meshes, and
that for 30 or, 40 days in the spring and fall
fishing in any part of the lakes be stopped.
This is during the. spawning period. The
lake salmon or common wall-eyed pike
spawn in the spring and the white fish in
the fall. Lake Ontario is almost barren
water, and the New York people are anxious
to have it stocked. A livelv discussion is
expected, but they all admit that something
must be done to profect'the fish in the great
lakes.
W. C, XTIIITEHII.I.'S
Great Success With the Henry F. Miller
1'Janos.
Greatest success indeed, for he can show
a long list of names, among whom are some
of the most cultured people in musical mat
ters that it is possible to find anywhere, in
cluding a number of the leading teachers in
Pittsburg who have bought Henry F.
Miller pianos. No matter whether you are
thinking of purchasing or not, please call
and examine these wonderful instruments.
A fine selection of uprights, pedal up
rights, grands and parlor grands always in
stock, and as reasonable in price as it is pos
sible to sell them.
.Medium-grade pianos from 1175 to 350.
Easv payments arranged if desired. Brau
muller "pianos, absolutely first-class. Ele
gant indeed for the monev.
W. C. WniTEHiLi., 152 Third avenue.
Diamonds
Selected and mounted in dainty new pend
ants. Stones selected to suit your taste.
We do all our own mounting, and it is our
duty to satisfy you, at
Hardy & Hayes',
529 Smithfield street.
Three doors from City HalL
Be Wise
And protect your valuables. Boxes rented
at reasonable rates in the burglar and fire
proof safe deposit vaults. German National
Bank, Wood street and Sixth avenue, s
"Chemical Diamonds"
Who has them?
defy experts.
35c 35c 35c.
fine satin lined gents' scarfs, selling
For
elsewhere at 50c.
Rosenbausi & Co.
Fine neckwear for holiday presents.
James H. Aires & Co.. 100 Fifth ave.
"Chemical Diamonds."
they? Watch for them.
What are
6,000 Scarfs open on our counters to-day,
50 cents. Will Pkice, 47 Sixth st.
The latest invention, "Chemical Dia
monds. " What are they?
Pratt's Iloliday Sale or Books.
Ten thousand volumes of holiday books
Bibles, albums etc. opened to-day on
second floor, 428 Wood street, to be sold at
about half price.
Minnehaha flour
few equals.
has no superior and
THEIR DINING ROOM.
How the Girls Decorated the Family
Altar Without Money,
EXCEPT WHAT GREW .ON BUSHES.
I A Mantel Cabinet of Eaisin Boxes and a
Sideboard of a Packing Case.
MANY PROBLEMS SOJjYED BY PLUCK
fWlttTTEN Fon THE DISPATCH.
HEN the family were
moving into the other'
house "they made leis
urely work ot it, car
ryine by hand every
thing possible t h e
vases, glasses, lamps,
books, pictures, rugs,
ind knick-knacks in
general. In the even
ing the girls went with
a clothes-basket, filled
with the china and
crockery, between them, and Rob carried a
chair on his head, and Ben a pillow under
each arm, and little Nell a broom; and
every time they went it was all a gay lark,
and when the final moving came there were
only the indispensable things left the bed
steads and mattresses, the bureaus, tables,
sofas and stoves to pack upon the team; so
that not only was a great expense saved to
their narrow means, but when the mother
arrived the pictures were on the walls, the
bric-a-brao on the shelves, and there was
not much left to do but to put down the
carpets and get the heavy things in place.
Of course the mother's room, the spare
room and the rooms which were to serve for
the parlor and for the kitchen were fore
gone conclusions; but which should be the
sitting room, 'and which should bo the din
ing room, and which the father's office, or
possibly the down-stairs bedroom, or possi
bly the winter kitchen, was yet to be de
cided; meantime they ate their supper in
the kitchen. The mother settled the ques
tion early the next morning by naming the
room which had the sun in it during the
first hours; for, aS she said, nothing is so
cheerless as a breakfast room without the
sun, and one with the sun is already half
furnished. There was not, indeed, a great deal of
anything else with which to furnish this
room a table and a side table, and some
chairs.
'It's only a place to get into for food,
and to get out of," said Bella. "It's just
like creatures in a stall. And I'm going to
make this dining room pretty, if it costs CO
cents!"
"I should like to know how," said Sissy,
with a siph.
Sissy painted a little on china, and had
an artist's feeling for beauty about her, if
in ever so small a way.
The Trocess Began With Papering.
"Well, to go into the matter categori-
callv, in the first place I will paper the
upper part of the wall you and I will, I
mean with brown wrapping paper; that
keeps up the effect of the sunshine. Or else
with any common kitchen paper at 5 cents
a roll, put on wrong side out, so that the
pattern just makes an embossed surface, and
a little black walnut molding, at 2 cents a
foot, shall divide that from the lower part
I can tack it on myself and varnish it after
ward. Do you remember those woodcuts I
27k Procession Moved Along.
have been clipping out of the weekly papers
for years? There's enough of them to cover
the wall all round three feet from the floor,
put on so as- to seem to melt into one
another, as if they were a continuous story
of something. And then a thick coat of
vellow varnish over them, and there won't
be anything, well, more unique, in the
finest house in town."
'Wouldn't it be a little a conglom
erate ?" said Sissy.
"Not in the general effect But if you
prefer, we can put a straw matting on, all
around the wall, standing up just its
width, the little moldings tacked over it,
and then punched every few alternate
inches with big brass-headed nails, like
tufting; that looks very chic, but it costs
more."
"Why don't you say Spanish leather and
be done with it? We can get one just as
easilv as the other. But the floor "
"Well, 50 cents' worth of shellac will
make ihat "
"It isn't hard pine; it's just a common,
ugly board floor."
"Then we must paint it brown and var
nish it, and get one of those ingrain squares
that cost $5 for the middle. And then, you
see, we will have the shell done."
"And that is all," said Sissy.
Decoration Made Easy.
"Oh, no, indeed. I'm going to have a
Jacobean mantel, and a royal side
board "
"A sideboard! I should like to know
where it's coming from! I should think
you had Aladdin's lamp."
"Better. There's one of the packing
boxes; it's just the length of that sidetable.
I should like to know what we learned
Slojd for at school if we can't plane that
box perfectly smooth. Then we will let it
rest on the table, but fasten it to the wall,
the open side to the room, and put a shelf
in it or cleats, and paint it reddish brown
and lacquer it, and there you are!"
"Well. I declare!"
"The big cream-colored jar the olives
came in, will go to the top of it, and that
clumsy pitcher, and those queer earthen
dishes that look like something foreign, and
cost 10 cents a piece. And we can pick out
the prettiest of our plates and cups and
saucers to arrange on the shelf, and behind
it and under it, till you get time to paint
something, maybe, and the plated coffee urn
we never use, and I think it will be rather
taking."
"It will make a lot of dusting."
"Well, then, we can have a brass rod put
up with two little brass hooks, and run a
curtain on it of satine or something of he
sort, a cream-colored ground witlTfine red
tea-moss in it, or else all plain old gold or
a red and brown print of tiny palm leaves.
i am going io maite a screen oi mat, any
way, to stand before the door, just tack "it
on both sides of a little clothes horse with
little brass nailsj so we had better have the
sideboard curtain to correspond; I suppose
the whole thing could be had for a dollar.
"Oh, you can get everything, Bella! You
only have to say, 'Presto! Change!' and
there it is," said the ironical and despairing
Sissy.
"Then I shall say, 'Presto! Change!' to
the mantelpiece."
"How?"
A Candle Box Mantel.
"I will get some candle boxes and raisin
boxes, and saw them in two; they come all
smooth; and paint them like the rest of the
wood work, and set them on the shelf, one
at'each end, and nail them to the wall, and
one on top of the other. But I shall take
the glass out of that old frame first, which
used to hang in" the back chamber, and
stand it up in the middle, and hold it in
place bv the boxes on each side, and by a
lilt nf tnft mnlrlinfr at tha tinttnm nnrl ann...
1W.W vm ...v . - ly ... ..... ..... .. , Mu DUU1C
tacks at the sides behind the boxes, and at
&w
fesVyE. ' 111
-3:
the top by a board crossing the iop of the
boxes. There's your Jacobean for you. "
"But it will look awfully queer and
emptv."
"Will itl Do you remember that hideous
little'old portrait of great-aunt that nobody
wants, arid nobody wants to destroy either?
Let's han that close to the very ceiling
over the midule; it can't be distinguished
there, and yet it willfill up and .make an
ornamental effect. On the shelf under it,
the board crossing the top of the boxes, we
can stand that little banneret Susie Welsh
embroidered, just over the glass. On top of
the boxes, those big conch shells that have
been in the garret ever slnco the year one,
and that old coral sea-fan, and yes, some
Japanese fans to be sure. And inside the
open boxes, a pitcher, a vase, papa's pipes,
unrl nil the trifles we can nick UP. I tell
w
' nfPiiEEiiwSfiri
" " Vr "5 'ST57
JL Jacobean Mantel.
you. Cicelv, love, that will be fine especi
ally if you'll go to work and paint a set of
tiles for the fireplace underneatn aaris. reu
nasturtiums, raspberry vines, sumach leaves,
on a cloudy cream colored back. What do
you say? I don't know whether an open
grate will warm the room or not we can
but try."
"But there are all the rest of the walls
bare still," said poor Sissy, with her lions
in the way.
Just as Pretty as Pictures.
"I know it, but we have so few pictures
to spare from the parlor. To be sure, there
are our ivy and our wax plant. I'll tell
you, we can buy a couple of iron brackets
for a aunrter of a dollar auiece. and train
the vines about the walls, and they will go
a great way to mace up ior tne aosence oi
pictures."
"But we've lots of cabinet photographs
of people," said Sissy, brightening. "We
can case them in stiff paper and make
Jacob's ladder of them in narrow ribbons,
and hang them up like Japanese panels.
We can have a panel or two, I suppose;
thev don't cost anything to speak of."
"But what we will have, and that will
cost nothing," exclaimed Bella, "is a big
wall pocket, made out of the fragments of
the boxes and painted to match, and a little
pot of German ivy or Wandering Jew in
each corner, to crow over and hang down,
and two great green pine branches, that
will keep green for months, crossed in it
like angels wings, and in the middle a per
fect armful of barberry stems, just a foun
tain of scarlet grace and beauty all winter
long. That's enough for one side of a
room."
"But, after all, with no other picture
how bare the room will be!"
"Do you think so? Oh no, we must make
a lounge of a piano box and some cushions;
papa likes a lounge in the dining room, and
with his armchair and mamma's wicker
rocking chair, I gness it will do."
"But I do wish we had a decent tabls. It
takes so many cloths to keep this one look
ing nice; and that makes so much washing
and ironing."
"We might polish the top of this."
"So we might."
How They Fixed the Tab'e.
"We could scrape it with sand-paper,
and oil it and varish it. Just the thing!
Then, instead of a cloth, we can have a
large napkin at each place; and a napkin is
so easy to wash and iron that we can have
as many clean fresh ones as we choose, and
plate and knifs and fork and spoon and
glasses on each. And the tiny mats you
crocheted with thread will be just the thing
lor the salts and the peppers and. the butter
bowl; and I will crochet some larjje ones
with piping-cord for the piece de resistance.
"But there are other dishes coarse, hate
ful, old-stone china," continued Sissy, will
ing to indulge what she felt to be Bella's
dreams.
"We can get lovely Japanese dishes for 5
cents apiece buy two or three at a time
until we have displaced the whole lot of the
old ones. Ob, I mean to make this dining
room so charming that papa and the boys will
look forward to coming into it, and will in
vite their friends to come, and be proud of
it And you're such a nice little cook,
Sissy, you'll do the rest Oh, shan't we
have gay times round the festive board in
such a delightful room!"
"Without any money for even the first
beginnings!"
"It doesn't take much money half a
dozen dollars or so. Let me see five for
the carpet square, three for the paint and
paper md varnish, and then the satine, and
the brackets, and oh, I think $10 will
doit"
"To hear you talk one would think dollar
bills grew on bushes."
"So they dp. I'm going out to pick some
now. Come with me you need a walk it
isn't a mile away. I'm going into the hill
pasture, and we will cut off whole branches
of the barberry bushes, and trim off the
thorns and the leaves, that only dry up and
drop and make litter, and then we will tie
them into bunches, generous bunches, and
send them into town to the florist's the ex
press will be only a quarter and he will
give us 10 cents a bunch for them. Well,
now you see! It will only take 100 of them
to make our dining room all we want it to
be. Of course, its work. And it is worth
while to raike the dining-room something
like a family altar."
Harriet Prescott SroFFORD.
PROCRASTINATION In Helicon Is
treated by the Rev. George Hodge in THE
DISPATCH to-morrow.
Have Ton Seen
Our new art' room? It is crowded' full of
beautiful new specimen pieces, and all the
ladies who have seen it say it is the hand
somest in the city. It is filled with
Vernis-Martin "furniture,
Lamps and beautiful shades,
Wonderfully varied onyx tables,
Italian marble figures,
Marvelous cheval and dressing mirrors,
Noble and artistic genuine bronze,
Artistic and beautiful china vases,
Cups, saucers and plates no duplicates,
Quaint and queer tete sets,
Huge flower pots,
All fresh ana new, that adorn and beautify
our beautiful art rooms, at
Hardy & Hates',
Jewelers,
529 Smithfield street
Three doors from City HalL
6,000 Scarfs open on our counters to-day.
CO cents. Will Price, 47 Sixth st.
It does not pay to let a cough con
tinue. Stop yours how with Pisos Cure
for Consumption. 25 cents. All druggists.
Tus
Mrs. Winblow's Soothing Syrup for chil
dren teething produces natural quiet sleep.
25c. TTSWk
Crayons Free Until January 1, 1893.
A life-size crayon free with a dozen cabi
nets at Aufrecht's Studio, 77 Fifth avenue.
Come early.
Pratt's Holiday Boole Opening
Takes place to-day, at 428 Wood street.
Overl 0,000 volumes of beautiful gift books,
Bibles and albums at half price;
A GET-EDGED PRICE.
.Ernest Maxwell Is Given $12,000
Damages'for a Broken Bone.
RAILWAY. MAGNATES TO APPEAL.
tThe InsanityPlea Is Urged in the Case of
Frank Gerade.
'.DRIFT OF ADAT'SDOINGSINTHE COUETS
Ernest jrSxwell yesterday received a
verdict for $12,000 in his case for damages
against the Pleasant Valley Electric Kail
way Company. Maxwell was thrown off one
of the Pleasant Valley cars some time ago,
and sustained a fracture of the bone of his
left ankle. He claimed that it would-be a
permanent injury. The verdict he re
ceived was second to the largest ever ob
tained in Allegheny county.
The other case was that of a Lancaster
county man against the Pittsburg and Bir
mingham Street Railway Company, in
which a verdict of 514,000 was obtained.
The amount was reduced as excessive by
the Court.
The verdict was considered remarkable,
as it was thought during the trial the de
fendants would win the case. Secretary
Graham, of the Pleasant Valley road, was
seen yesterday afternoon and said: "The.
Court will be asked to set the verdict aside
as excessive. I think it will be done, as we
can clearly prove that the damages awarded
are too heavy for the extent of the injuries.
Ii this is re'fused I should think that the
company would take the case to the higher
courts."
TETIHG FOE A HEW TEIAL.
The Case of Frank Gerade Considered by
Four Judges.
An argument was heard before Judges
Ewing, Magee, Slagle and McClung yester
day on the motion for a new trial in the
case of Frank Gerade, convicted for the
second time of murder in the first degree
for the killing of his 8-year-old step
daughter by dashing out her brains against
a cradle. The argument in behalf of the
motion was made by W. D. Moore. The
motion was opposed by District Attorney
Burleigh. Mr. Moore's argument was based
on me ciaim oi insanity. He re
viewed the testimony of physicians to the
effect that Gerade was demented and not
responsible, and contended that the verd'et
was against the weight of testimony and
should be set aside. He severely criticised
tne jury in the last trial tor rendering the
verdict they did.
District Attorney Burleigh asserted that
the verdict was a proper one. He reviewed
the testimony of numerous witnesses show
ing thas there was no evidence of insanity
in the actions of Gerade. He maintained
that Gerade's alleged insanity was all
feigned for the benefit of the physi
cians who examined him. He recited
Gerade's action at the time of the commis
sion of the crime, and said thafthey all
showed that his reasoning powers and cal
culating faculties were all right. He passed
his own two children and killed the disli&ed
step child, which indicated that his act was
not a blind, unreasoning one that would
make him irresponsible. Attorney Burleigh
also called attention to the fact that Gerade's
insanity has been passed upon by three juries
before three Judges, and all have declared
him sane. He asked that the motion be re
fused. The Court reserved a decision.
taxes of the yeab.
Report
of the Amount Paid Into
the
County Treasurer's Office.
County Treasurer Bell yesterday reported
to County Controller Grier the amount of
county. State and poor tax for the year 1891
paid at the Countv Treasurer's office. The
statement shows the following:
COCKTTTAX.
Pittsburg $312.403 38
Allegheny 122.028 03
Boroughs, Including McKeesport.. 58,595 89
Townships 112,300 35
Total $635,327 63
STATE TAX.
Pittsburg $ 88,451 11
Allegheny 43,723 09
Boroughs 11,758 06
Townships .... 19,513 54
Total $160,817 83
roou TAX.
Boroughs $ 9,771 02
Townships 18,727 75
Total $ 28,501 77
The total collected of all taxes was $824,
677 25.
Alderman August Flach's Will.
The will of the late Alderman August
Flach, of the Twenty-fifth ward, was filed
yesterday for probate. The will is dated
November 15, 1891, and Nicholas Satler and
George J. Bleichner are appointed execu
tors. One hundred dollars each is given to
the rectors of St. Michael's and St. Peter's
Churches for masses for the souls of the tes
tator and his wife. The St. Joseph's and
St. Michael's Orphan Asylnms each are
given $100. Fifty dollars is given to each
of the persons in his employ at the time of
his death. To his partner in the real estate
and insurance business, George J. Bleich
ner, is given all his interest in the firm of
Flach & Bleichner. To Nicholas Satler
and George J. Bleichner are given $200
each as a legacy, also his insurance in the
Knights of St, George. His real estate is
to be sold by the executors, and of the pro
ceeds one-half given to his mother, Eliza
beth Flach, in Wcinig's, Germany, the
other half to the heirs of Joseph Satler, de
ceased. Should Have Filed Exceptions.
Judge Ewing yesterday dismissed the pe
tition for the opening of a road in O'Hara
township, but in doing so scored the Penn
sylvania Bailroad Company quite severely
for being so dilatory in filing objections to
the road. The Court says on this point:
"There is no reason why the railway com
pany should have longer time than other
parties, it nas aoie, acute attorneys, with
a corps of .clerks. It would be a small
matter ior them to examine the records and
file'their objections promptly, if objection
they have."
A Pair of Divorce Suits.
Two divorce suits were filed yesterday by
E. J. Smail. One was for Mrs. E. C.
Detrich, by her next friend, S. Silberlcin,
against Jacob J. Detrich. They were mar
ried August 27, 1861, and Mrs. Detrich al
leges that her husband deserted her March
15, 1887. The other was for Charles F. An
derson, of Braddoek, against Anna M. An
derson, who claims to have been
married November 10, 1866, but that his
wife treated him cruelly until he had to
leave her, and they separated October 13,
1891.
December Criminal Court.
The December term of Criminal Court
opens next Monday. Judge Porter will
preside. The following is the trial list:
Monday Commonwealth vs George A.
Mc Williams, Peter Barnhart, August Sahr,
Mrs. A. Cain, John Brestelschmidt, Harry
Wyant, Edward Lautner. Tuesday Peter
Kiley. For the remainder of the week the
list will be made from jail cases for which
true bills may be found by the grand jury.
Claim Title to the Property.
Attorneys Marshall, Imbrie and Scull
yesterday filed a suit in ejectment in behalf
of the Safe Deposit and Trust Company, ad
ministrator of Arthur Hobson, against J.
E. Fricke, John Knorr, J. W. Watkinson,
P. D. Stannard, E. T. Hughes, William
Taylor, George E. Barton, B. C Peterson,
A. H. Morrison, John Kaiser, Charles
Richardson, L. Cadman and Grace Huston.
The suit is brought to recover possession of
a piece of land on Winebiddle street, Six
teenth ward, in the Union Park plan, con
taining 01.4 perches, the title to which is
claimed by the plaintiffs.
Notes From the Courts.
Avehdict was rendered on $57 for the
plaintiff in the suit of Elizabeth M. Lawton
asafnst Gumbert & Ilnoy. This was an ac
tion on a note.
In the suit of Whitaker & Gamble against
Heckert & McCain, an action on a bill for
lumber, a verdict was rendered for $383 43
for the plaintiffs.
The suit of Charles A Balph against the
Central Traction Company to recover a
balance claimed to be due for work on tho
defendants' car houso is ou trial beforo
Judge Slagle.
Toe case of Conrad Sent against It. Gil
lespie ct al, an action lor damages on ac
count of a pipe lino running through the
propertv of the plaintiffs, is on trial before
Judgo White.
Mrs. T. M. Beiitalot yesterday issued exe
cutions against Al Bertalot for $3,172 and
$2,5M 30. The People's Insurance Company
issued an execution against Theo. Doer
flfngor for $7,150.
TiiEjury isont in the case of Ernest M.
WUke against Edward Wind. It isan action
for damages. Mr. Wilke was riding in bis
biurtrv, when Wind, who was in a barouche,
collided with him and broke the bugsy.
George Collins entered a suit yesterday
against Arthur Sloran for $3,000 for false ar
rest, lie claims to have been arrested on a
warrant from Alderman Lowman's office,
charging him with embezzlement. The case
was discontinued, and he wants damages.
A bill in equity was filed yesterday by
Miss Hannah Stewart against Charles
Weaver & Son and W.J. McKain and wife.
She states that they are putting up n build
ing next to her property, Jfo. 82 East Dia
mond street, Allegheny, and in doing so they
are tearing down tho north wall of her
building and threaten to encroach on her
ground. She asks for an Injunction tore
strain them.
In the case of E. Silverman against the
Amorican Protection Insurance Company
Agafnet Burglary, a verdict was rendered
yesterday for $506 87 for the plaintiff. This
is the second trial of the case, the jurv hav
ing disagreed at the former trial. The ac
tion was to recover the valuo of a lot of
goods stolen from the store of the plaintiff,
but which the defendants claimed had not
been stolen at all.
91 IRK TWAIN thinks Wagner should
have left out all his vocal solos. Bead his
humorous description of the Bayrenth fes
tivals In THE DISTATCH to-morrow.
ITS GOT THE TRUE KING.
Hosts of Customers Crowding to Onr Great
Overcoat Sale Everything at 40 Cents
on the Dollar.
It affords us the greatest satisfaction to
know that we are daily saving the people of
Pittsburg thousands of dollars on their
clothing purchases. Wo made a lucky pur
chase from a prominent New York manu
facturer of $40,000 worth of clothing, and
we bought it at a big sacrifice. Our cus
tomers now have the chance to benefit by
our shrewd buying. Hundreds have already
availed themselves of the opportunity; why
don't you? You can buy men's long
ulsters, cloth lined, at $6, worth $14. You
can buy men's kerser overcoats in all the
most fashionable shades at tVi, sold al
ways ot $22 and $24. Men's genuine Irish
frieze ulsters at $7 90, worth f 18. Men's
elegant silk-faced overcoats, made of ker
seys, meltons and cassimeres, at $10, worth
$23. A magnificent assortment of highest
class custom tailor-made overcoats, silk-
lined throughout, at our price, $15. Tailors
charge you $40 for no better garment. Men's
fine sack and cutaway suits at $8, $10 and
$12, worth double and triple the money.
Boys' stylish cape overcoats, sizes 4 to 14,
usual price $5 and $7, we sell at $2 CO and
$3 50. Boys' short pants suits, our prices
$1 50, $2 50 and $3 50. Boys' overcoats,
sizes 13 to 19, at $5, $6 and $8. You can't
match them anywhere for less than double
oar prices. Call and see us to-day. You'll
save money.
P. C C. &, Pittsburg Combination Cloth
ing Company, corner Grant and Diamond
streets, opposite the Court House.
A AWOONNMMOOBREE. ,
Avonmore,
The leading new manufacturing town on
line of West Penn E. E., near Pittsburg.
Already nearly 100 houses are up and in
course of erection.
An extensive bottle and prescription ware
company has seenred seven acres and will
build works at once.
A large glass house now in full running
order.
An excellent machine shop and foundry,
almost completed, and will be in operation
in a few days.
A fine brick works, planing mill and
lumber yard now on the grounds. Also a
good hotel, stores and postofSce; public
school and churches secured, natural gas,
sand, fire clay. With employment in
sight for hundreds and thousands of me
chanics and others; the growth and stability
of the town is assured beyond a doubt, by
reason of the numerous manufacturing en
terprises which are now located, with other
firms now negotiating for position. Prices
now for choice lots being low, this, is the
time to buy to secure the benefit of increase
in value. Purchasers will almost double
their money invested.
Plans and full information from J. J.
Hollister, Avonmore, Pa., or Jas. W. Drape
& Co., Agents, 313 Wooa street, Pittsburg.
To the Saloon and Private Trade.
As the season is now at hand for ale and
porter, the Straub Brewing Company take
pleasure in announcing to the saloon and
private trade that they are prepared to fill
all orders promptly. We also claim that
our celebrated brand3 of "Pilsener" and
'Munich" lager beer cannot be excelled by
any brewers of the States. We guarantee
our beer to be four and one-half months old
and all our goods are made of the very best
quality of hops and malt. Ask the saloon
trade for it or telephone No. G038.
The Stkaub Brewing Co.
Corner Main street and Liberty avenue.
TTS
REAX ESTATE SAVINGS BANK, IJ3L
401 Smithfield Street, Cor. "Fourth Avenue.
Capital, $100,000. Surplus, $75,000.
Deposits of $1 and upward received and
interest allowed at 4 per cent TTS
Our rfew Art Boom
Is filled to overflowing with choice new
gooas. uainty things in
Vernis-Martin furniture,
Beautiful onyx tables,
Barely beautiful lamps,
Monster cheval glasses,
Noble bronze pieces,
And many other beautiful, new and rare
goods, at Haisdy & Hates',
Jewelers,
529 Smithfield street
Three doors from City Hall.
Big Bednctlonln Jackets.
$8 and $10 black cloth jackets at $3; all
fur trimmed tan cheviot jackets at nearly
half price. Come quick. "
Eosendaum & Co.
The eighth wonder, "Chemical
monds." Exquisite gems.
Dia-
B.B."
Bargains you'll huy and talk about Ele
gant real astrakhan trimmed jackets 58 and
ilO. Boggs & Burn,
Silk initial handkerchiefs for holiday
presents. James H. Aiken & Co.,
100 Fifth avenue.
Watch for the
"Who has them?
"Chemical Diamonds."
6,000 Scarfs open on out) counters to-day,
50 cents. Wiu Pkice, 47 Sixth st.
"CHESilCAIi Diamonds."
them?i "Vhat are they?
AVho has
1AWYERS LEFT OUT.
Why the Profession Is Growing Less
' Profitablo Than of Old.
CUT DOWN BY THE CUKP0UATI0NS.
Centralization of Trade Makes
Clients Terr Scarce.
faying
NOT MUCH CHANCE OP I3IPKOTE31EXT
An apparent anomaly that has puzzled
many people of late is plausibly explained
by Lawyer Joseph Breil. For several year3
past lawyers and court officials were puzzled
to explain why legal business did not grow
with population. Prothonotary Bradley
could offer no explanation except that the
German custom of making people who are
in debt givejudgment, or shirt-tail notes,
had grown largely, and this seemed
to wash, though even the giving of such a
note does not always utterly preclude a law
suit; but it was only a partial explanation,
and some people still thought it strange that
notwithstanding the growth of population
the aggregate of legal business was not
greater than it was quite a number of years
ago-
When attention is called to the growth
of the divorce business, optimists come to
the rescue by citing you to the records to
show that marriages have increased at the
same or even a greater rate. But lawyers
in general find it very dull, and it has been
so for many months, there being no more
business now, with 600 lawyers to do it,
than there was when there were but" 400.
Following is the result of Mr. Breil's
diagnosis:
lawyers Knocked Out by Corporations.
The tendency of the age is toward centrali
zation, which not only knocks out shoe
makers, but lawyers as well. Within a
few years tho Standard Oil Company has
absorbed at least CO firms in this countv,
refineries and other businesses. These 50
firms once emoloved CO lawvers. that is.
they gave each of these CO some employ
ment in course orayear, loritisnot possiDle
for a business of any kind to run without
legal help in some respect. Now one
lawyer gets that business exclusively, and,
of course,) there is less of it. He is paid a
salary ana does well on it, but the other 49
lose some business in consequence.
The Carnegie concern is a consolidation
of about a dozen iron firms of various kinds.
The first to disappear was Andrew Kloman,
who was a prqmment iron manufacturer
some 20 years ago. This consolidation gets
its business done by one lawyer or a legal
firm at a salary, and 11 other lawyers lose
what business 11 extinct firms would have
to do.
It is estimated that 20,000 titles are ex
amined each year. Formerly all this work
was distributed among the lawyers. Now
the Fidelity Title and Trust Company does
one-iourtn oi tne Dusiness. Averaging the
price of examining a title at $25, this shows
that company shuts out lawyers' fees to the
tune of $125,000 a year, or $41 66 13 the
average that each' lawyer wonld lose sup
posing the work were to be divided among
them.
Shoemaklng, like wool carding, was once
an important industry, but both aro about
extinct, so far as small proprietorships are
concerned, and now all the shoemakers in
the city shoemakers who make custom
work can be enumerated oa the fingers
and thumbs of your hands. Some ot the
guild make a living by cobbling, but even
this branch is now largely controlled by
combinations. It is true that a pair ot
shoes are half soled and heeled for half
what such work cost CO years ago, but the
small shoe contractor has almost disap
peared. Hatters have met the same fate.
Big Houses Crowd Out Small-r Cn t.
A lnrtrp rfrvtrnnd pnnrn. lit thnt. nf
.Joseph Home, for instance, means the ex
tinguishment of probably 300 or 400 small
MEN'S un.
Gents' Heavy Winter Weight Balbriggan, good for those who
can't wear wool
Heavy Natural Wool Underwear, shirt has ribbed skirt, per
garment
Odds and Ends of broken lines.
Men's Natural Wool Shirts, all
from 65c, at
sizes
Men's White Merino Shirts and Drawers, never sold under
5c,at
Men's Fine White Merino Shirts and Drawers, reduced from
2i to
Men's Extra White Cashmere Shirts and Drawers, reduced
from $ 1. 25 to
Men's Imported French Ribbed Shirts and Drawers, some
thing very new and elegant, reduced from $2 to
Men's All-Wool Ribbed Shirts and Drawers, in dark, tan and
ecru; sold all over the two cities at $2 to S2.50, at
Men's Camel's Hair Shirts (no drawers) extra heavy, extra
warm and extra fine; our price has been S2.50, but, on
account of our assortment of sizes being broken, we re
duce them to
Men's Fine White Cashmere Shirts and Drawers, reduced from
$2.25 to
Stevens' Improved Combination Chair excels.
A grand gift. A wonderful convenience. No
home complete without one. Please everybody
old or young, sick or well. A pleasant life-long
remembrance. Prices moderate. Worth double
their cost. Call early and secure one to save discount. Office Desks, Cab
inets and Small Fancy Desks for the Holidays. Cut prices.
STEVENS CHAIR CO,, No. 3.Sixth St., Pittsburg, Pa, de
IRON AND STEEL BUILDINGS,
ROOF TRUSSES, G0L1IIS AID GIRDERS.
PITTSBURG BRIDGE COMPANY, Thirty-Eighth St
noil-17-o j!
dealers, and the enumeration might go oa
indefinitely. Now when small proprietors
drop out and become mere employes in the
large establishments each takes his quoto
small it may be individually, but consider
able the aggregate, from the legal fra
ternity, for the occupation of a clerk is not
a legal grist producer. Then their vast col
lecting agencies, each of which combines
the business in such a way that a lawyer
probably docs the works formerly done by
50, and while getting good enough pay for
it yet decreases the cost thereof.
Lawyers and saloon keepers are barred
from the ranks of the Knights of Labor, and
it is suggested that they might form an
amalgamated association that would solve
the problem of distribution, making it as it
was before combination became the rule.
It is true that both have associations now,
bnt that among lawyers does not appear to
cohere very strongly. One of the problems
that engage labor economists is the distribu
tion of labor so that all workmen shall have
employment, and thev generally propose to
reach the goal by reducing the number of
honrs that constitute .a working day at
present, but this plan otters no relief to
lawyers. Criminal practice cannot be taken
from them, but it requires to be made a
specialty, andTcivil lawyers do not, as a rule,
desire it. Then beside there is very little
money in it for any except a specialise, and
there is not room for many of them. Un
fortunately, the decadence complained of
cannot be attributed to moral growth, as
there is no evidence that the leopard has
changed his spots.
DUFFY'S PURE
MALTr
FOR MEDICINAL USE
NO FUSEL OIL
THIS GBAND MEDICINAL PREPARA
TION Is tho beat known rrmrdy for Chills,
Coaghg, Cold:. Broncliltiit, the Grip and
PP4EUWIONIA.
For the debilitated and those with weak
nerves It is a perfect rowtxlier. It affords
the greatest relief to
WOMEN
from the troubles incident to their et. In
sist on having it from your rirnggfot or
croccr. Take no substitute. Write for oar
hook, which we send free.
TUE JJUFFx" MAI.T WIIISKKY CO.,
Kochester, N. Y.
GRATEFUL-COMFOKTING.
EPPS'S COCOA.
BREAKFAST.
"By a thororfth knowledge of the natural laws
wnicii govern mc oppraiions 01 uiprsuon ami nu-
tritlnfr. mid bv a. careful
pplieation of the Una
Cocoa. 3Ir. Epns has
properties of well-elcfd
irovideri onr l)reakf.it table- with a delicately
lavoreil bevtra-re which jraysave us many heaTV
doctors bill-., it is by the liulicloii tferof sacn
articles of diet that a constitution may be gradually
ouni upumu siron-- enuit-(n u rcisi every ten
dency to disea-e. Hundreds of subtle maladies are
flouting around us ready to att.icfc wherever there
Is 3 weak point. AVe may escape mimr a fatal
shaft by keeping ourselves well fortified with pure
blood and a properly nourished frame." t'iril
oVrrice Uaiftle.
Made simply with boiling water or milk. Sold
only In halt-pound tins, bv grocers, labelled thus:
JAMES ErlS CO.. flomceopathlc ChemUta.
myli-uO-Tus
Needle -fork
DESIGNS
Illustrated Catalogue showing 60OO Choice
Stamplni; Pattern. 15 cts. 3Iention this paper.
Cnnnlne Jt Co., 24S Baee St., Cincinnati, 0.
$1.50
98c
45c
42c
39c
68c
89c
$1.18
$1.50
$1.50
$1.50
(no drawers') reduced
4
MARKET STREET.
5
wWmWSL
UUUVU AJB--4U