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SECOND PART.
A CAMPAIGN PLAN
In Contemplation by Liberals
on tlie Irish Home
Rule Question.
A POOE PENSION SCHEME
That Is Kot Bein Received With a
Great Degree of Favor.
TOUXG BRITISHERS TO THE FRUltf.
Tiro of Them Keceive Important Govern
ment Positions.
KITALS FOE AX AMERICAN" GIEL'S LOTE
fBY CABLE TO THE EISPATCII.1
1OKD02T, Xov. 21. Copyright, Mr.
Joseph Chamberlain duly addressed his con
stituents at Birmingham "Wednesday, and,
contrary to expectation in some quarters
and apprehension in others, dealt rery
gently with the rumored intention of the
Government to abandon the promised
scheme of Irish local government. As a
Liberal-Unionist he could not publicly ap
prove or condone the aetuC breaking of
pledges, but he give: the Tories pretty
clearly to understand that he would not go
out of his way to censure them, whatever
might be their final decision in the matter.
Political strategists can already detect in
the tactics now being used in these prelim
inary maneuvers ths principles which will
constitute the general plan of the next cam
paign. The high-soulcd statesmen and patriots
who now govern this country are consumed
with anxiety to extend to Ireland the bless
ing of local self-government now enjoyed
by England and Scotland, but Irish affairs
have occupied so much of the time of this
Parliament that it will only be fair next
session to pass two or three bills dealing
with English grievances before proceeding
with the Irish local government bill.
A Turn-About Game in Prospect.
If the Liberals should be so nnpatriotio
as to oppose the Government measures for
improving laborers' dwellings in town and
country, and for reforming the laws relating
to employers' liability for accident to work
men and other "non-contentious" bills,
they will prevent the Government from
passing the Irish local government bilk
Jii. Jackson, the new chief secretary,
will make a nice speech early in the session,
in which the bill will be explained, and the
measure will afterward be read for the first
time. Then harmless little English bills
will be proceeded with, and upon their rate
of progress will depend the fate of the Irish
bill.
Every politician acquainted with the
House of Commons' methods of doing busi
ness knows what all this means. Two im
portant measures like the laoorers' dwell
ings bill and the employers' liability bill,
together with the budget and "supply and.
other necessary but purely formal business
of every session, will occupy the House
until far into July, and there will be abso
lutely no time to deal with the Irish local
government bilk
Bard Work at the End of a Term.
It is more than probable, however, that
toward the end of the session the pretense
will be made of proceeding with the Irish
bilk The Liberals will, of course, object
to dealing with such an important measure
at the end of a moribund Parliament; there
upon the Government will call upon the
country to take note of the Liberal obstruc
tion, and dissolution will immediately fol
low. Sir. Chamberlain devoted a large part o
his speech to the subject of old-age pen
sions for workmen. "With the help of a
small committee of politicians and actuaries
he has managed to draft a scheme by which
every workingman possessing sufficient
thrift and self-denial for the greater part of
his life to pay a certain insurance premium
per week, shall commence at the age of C5
to enjoy opulence in the form of a pension
of 20 per annum. The scheme has not yet
been explained in detail, but enough is
already known of it to arouEe grave doubts
as to its practicability. The friendly soci
eties regard it with suspicion, as an insidi
ous attack upon their voluntariness and in
dependence, and it has not been called for
by any organized body of workers.
Little Encouragement In the Scheme.
The average British workingman will
hai e nothing to do with it. He content
edly subscribes sums often greatly dispro
portionate to his means to his trade union
or his friendly society, or to both, securine
thereby at least provision for sickness and
money -wherewith to bury him decently
when dead. He rarely w orries himself as
to what may happen to him when old age
shall have rendered him unfit for work be
cause of the unconscious fatalism he assumes
that the Psalmist, when arriving at the
three-score-year-and-ten limit, could not
have included the workers in his calcula
tions. The prospect of 20 a year to commence
at the age of 65 is not dazzlingly tempting
to a man who knows that the average life of
his class is less than 60 years. The thrifty
man is content with the present facilities
offered by savings banks, trade unions, and
friendly societies, and Mr. Chamberlain's
scheme will not affect the unthrifty, be
cause it is not made compulsory.
Tories Hustling on an .Election.
Alarmed by their defeat in South Molton,
the Tories are hurrying forward the East
Corset election with unprecedented haste,
in hope that the Liberal candidate will not
have time to canvass the constituency
and convert waverers. It will be the
shortest county contest ever known,
the date fixed for the poll being only
three weeks from the day of the late Tory
member's death, but the Liberals have not
bpen discouraged thereby. Victory will be
harder to win then in South Molton, be
cause there are fewer Liberal abstainers to
bring back. In 1685, when the Liberals
won, oS9 -votes were polled and the majority
was G07. In 1888 a Tory was elected by a
majority of 655 and 7,9?9 electors recorded
their votes.
Two very young Englishmen (as age is
considered in British politicts) have re
ceived important Government appointments
this week. George Curzon, who has been
made Under Secretary of State for India,
and who is 32 years old, and Viscount Chel
sea, Ballour's new private secretary, who is
but 23.
An Ideal Promising Young Slan.
Curzon is the ideal promising young man.
He is grave, learned, traveled, and looks
upon lite seriously. It is even to be feared
that he is a prig, a reputation he earned at
Oxford, where he was President of the
union and was famous for his speeches m he
was at the Canning Clnb. The "Balliol
Rhymes" about him are well known in
English University circles: "My name is
George Xathanicl Curzon, I am a most
superior person. My hair is black, mv face
is sleek, 1 dine at Blenheim every weet"
But a good deal of Mr. Curzon's superior
ity is or the legitimate kind that comes
from superior industry. Alike at school
and at university he was a very hard work
er. He carried off innumerable prizes at
Eton, and at Oxford, where he went as a
commoner to Ballibl, he took a first in
Mods and won the Stanhope historical
essay prizer In Greats he was given only
a second, but this mistake on the part of
the examiners was promptly rectified by
his being elected to a fellowship at All
Souls. After entering Parliament he con
tinued his education by travels in Central
Asia and in Persia. Hispnblished work on
the former district is considered a very val
uable one. As the result of his visit to
Persia he published a series of artieles in
the Tana, which will shortly make their
appearance in book form.
Eldest Son of a Iteverend Ird.
Mr. Curzon was for a short time one of
Lord Salisbury's private secretaries. He
represents the'Southport division in Parlia
ment He is the eldest son of Eev. Lord
Scarsdale, who is 60 years of age. He lives
in chambers in St James, and is still a
bachelor.
Viscount Chelsea is quite a different
young person. He is the elest son of Earl
Cadogan, the unearned increment of whose
vast property in the heart of London has
made him one of the wealthiest men in
England. Chelsea is a pleasure-loving
youth who has been "going the pace" ever
since ne came into nis teens. -A.t present
he and his younger brother are violent
rivals sor the affection of Miss CoraTennie,
the American dancer in "The Kajah," now
being played at the Savoy Theater, and
both may be seen at supper with her at one
of the fashionable restaurants almost any
night in the week. Chelsea, by reason ot
his enormous prospective wealth, has been
considered as a possible husband for one of
the Prince of "Wales' daughters.
A TREAT FOR EX-CONVICTS.
SEC HCKDKED OF THEM FED Bf THE
SALVATION AK3IT.
An Odd Sicht In the Regents' Hall The
Celebrated Thieves' Supper Easily Out.
done The Duke of Portland a Brilliant
Feature.
rET CABLE TO TITE DISPATCH.
London-, 2fov. 2L The Salvation Army
gave a somewhat remarkable entertainment
Thursday night, when, under its auspices,
600 ex-convicts sat down to supper in the
Regents' HalL Eor many years past there
has been held in Drury Lane by some
Christian mission, about Christmas time,
the annual "thieves' supper," which
has always been interesting, but this Booth
ian "function," which also is to take place
yearly, will eclipse all rivals.
At Drury Lane a considerable proportion
of the thieves, after gorging themselves to
repletion, used to sneak out without wait
ing for the sermon and prayer. One could
scarcely blame them, for the proceedings
were invariably depressingly dull. In
Kegents Hall, stalwart doorkeepers pre
vented escape had it been attempted, but,
thanks to the combined attractions of brass
bands and Salvation lasses, the most hard
ened sinners cheerfully stayed and seemed
to enjoy themselves.
Generally speakine, the ex-convicts were
not unprepossessing in appearance, and the
countenances of many were distinctly and
ridiculously benevolent The greatest suc
cess of the evening was achieved by a kindly
old gentleman realistically dressed in con
vict clothe-jrad introduced as "the Duke
of Portland," in fitting allusion to the great
prison on the Island of Portland, wherein
many of those present had spent quiet, not
to say monotonous years. The Duke, it
appeared, had spent no fewer than 38 years
in the prison, which fact lent additional
weight to his remarks, the burden of which
was that It did not pay to be bad.
The Salvation Army has characteristically
obtained a very good advertisement out of
this show. It tried with fine audacity to
obtain patronage and subscriptions for it
from Queen Victoria, and although an art
fully worded petition failed to "draw" Her
Majesty, it obtained from the Prince of
"Wales' secretary this interesting letter:
Tou are correct in savins: that His Royal
Highness takes a great Interest in all
Bchemes for the amelioration of the condi
tion of the poor of London. His Royal High
ness sets aside a certain sum every year for
the relief of distress, "which is distributed
through various channels whicn he has em
ployed for the purpose for a considerable
period. He Is unwilling to withdraw any
Sortion of this amount in order that it may
e expended through any other source, and
under these circumstances he regrets that,
while fully sympathizing with the object
which you have in view, he is unable to have
the pleasure of complying with your re
quest. AK EXPENSIVE BIT OF FUH.
"What It Cost a Subject of the Queen's to
See a Policeman Thrashed.
'Br CABLE TO THE DISPATCH.
London, Nov. 2L "William Barnes, a
stalwart blacksmith, recently stood at the
door of his smithy in the East End, watch
ing a gang of roughs beating a policeman
with an enjoyment that did not pall, on ac
count of the frequency of such spectacles in
that part of London, nor was his compla
cency disturbed when the constable in des
peration called upon him "in the Queen's
name" for help. Mr. Barnes treated the ap
peal as a joke, and did not stir in response
to it Xext day, to his astonishment and in
dignation, he was served with a summons,
and subsequently learned from his lawyers
that every subject of Queen Victoria is
bound to help a policeman when called upon
in the Queen's name to do so.
Mr. Barnes stood his trial yesterday,
vainly pleaded deafness, and was fined 40
shillings, which, added to his own and the
Iirosecutor'a costs, will amount to a sum
arge enough to linger in his memory.
HELP TO SELL A BOOK
Count Von Sloltke's TTar Volnme Sales
Aided by Wolseley's Attack.
tET CABLE TO THE DISPATCH.
London Nov. 21. General Lord "Wols
ley's attack upon "The Franco-German
War of 1870-71," by Count Von Moltke,
which was recently published here by
James It Osgood, Mcllvane & Co., has
been refuted by no less a person than the
German Chancellor, Von CaprivL It bore
internal evidence that it was written to
Henry W. Fisher, one of the translators,
expressing his admiration of the translation
and the appearance of the volume, adding
that it is worthy of the great author.
At Von Caprivi's suggestion Osgood &
Mcllvane have presented a copy of the
book to the Boyal Library in Berlin, and
Emperor "William has purchased two copies
for his private library.
The Heroine of Manlpnr to Marry.
IBY CABLE TO THE DISPATCH.
London, Nov 2L Mrs. Grimwood, the
heroine of Manipur, whose husband was
massacred last March, is in a fair way to
receive consolation for some of the troubles
she has experienced. She has decided to
marry again, but her engagement will not
be announced definitely until spring. A
gallant officer who considered it an outrage
that a lady with so many charms should
languish in the chillv solitude of widow
hood has pressed his suit and would take no
denial.
Is fast gaining a reputation for turning out
suits and overcoating of the' latest styles
and at a reasonable cost 65 Fifth avenue,
second floor.
Dickson, tbe Tailor eW ' "SET!5afcfr P .7 r dtu . I 1 7 tr ' - I B T MJ I V I f . tJ K3 c 11 13 ! E3 B 1 4TE3 ! H gl Wtt K3 E '!
THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH.
HARD TO-SET PARDON
For Bank Wrecker Harper, in the
Light of the Recent Failures.
PUBLIC SENTIMENT AGAINST IT.
Hot the Fidelity Bank Smasher -Puts in
Bis Time at the Fen,
50 LAEGERMAN THERE NOW THAN HE IS
rsnCIAL TD.KOBAM TO THE DISPATCH. 1
Colttmbus.-Nov. 21. The failure of the
Keystone Bank of Philadelphia and the
startling disclosures of fraud which followed
have perhaps had an indirect effect on the
fortunes of many men, yet the destiny of
none outside ot those directly implicated in
that famous wreck has been more strongly
affected than that of E. L. Harper, the Fi
delity Bank wrecker of Cincinnati, who is
now paying the penalty of his misdoings in
the Ohio penitentiary. For nearly two
years the friends of Harper have been agi
tating a pardon, and for some time have had
an application and the necessary papers
filed at "Washington. Harper being a United
States prisoner, the State authorities have
no jurisdiction in the case.
Some very strong letters from prominent
men in Pennsylvania, New York, Ohio and
Indiana have been secured in support of an
application for pardon, and If letters amount
to anything they will have a potent influ
ence when the ase is taken up for consider
ation. The administration does not think
it policy to hear Harper's plea for Execu
tive clemency while the public is agitated
by periodical reports of defalcations by
bank officials. The case had nearly been
reached when the Maverick Bank, of Bos
ton, went to the wall, and the excitement
which that failure caused was a good excuse
for postponing its consideration. But the
Maverick Bank wreck had scarcely been
forgotten when the Keystone Bank, of
Philadelphia, shut its doors, and the stu
pendous frauds that were there unearthed
will long be remembered.
Not Anxious to Beach the Case.
The Attorney General, it it said, is not
anxious for Harper's papers just now, but
the ex-banker's friends expect the case will
be pushed for a hearing this winter. How
ever, the Keystone Bank failure is likely to
be kept fresh in the public minds by lesser
failures, and the chances of Harper secur
ing a pardon in the short time he has yet to
serve are very slender. Beside, the
Fidelity Bank wreclc has not been wholly
forgotten in Cincinnati, and there will be
considerable opposition to his release from
the thousands of people who suffered from
his dishonesty.
Harper would be released by expiration
of sentence May 21, 1894, having about two
years and a half yet to serve. He was re
ceived at the Ohio penitentiary December
12, 1887, and were it not for the jjood time
law his term would not expire until Decem
ber 12, 18i)7. Changes were made in the
law by the last General Assembly that will
shorten Harper's stay in prison, if he is not
pardoned, by three and a half years. Under
the old law he could have gained but two
and a half years.
Not Growing Old in the Penitentiary.
Notwithstanding his long confinement
Harper is one of vhe best preserved men in
the prison. It was generally supposed the
humiliation and disgrace of his position, if
nothing else, would so weigh upon Jus. sen, J
sitive nature xnai ne wouio. snow sigus iu
breaking down sooner or later, but not so.
There is not the slightest indication of age,
so commonly resulting from confinement.
He is still as fresh in mind and body as the
From the Basement to the Topmost Floor There is Not an Inch
This Great Cosmopolitan Bazaar That Does Not Appeal to
"Woman and Her Domestic Aspirations for a Cheer-
. . . ful and Oomfortahle Home ...
EVERY STICK OF FURNITURE!
NOTE
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PrTTSBUKG SUNDAY
day he set foot jnside the prison walls. Not
a gray hair is visible in his raven locks and
abundant mustache. If anything he is
heavier, tipping the scales at nearly250
pounds and wearing the largest clothes of
any prisoner in the pen.
Harper declines to see everyone, except
his close personal friends and relatives. He
has a great deal of outside correspondence,
some of which relates to business matters,
but it is principally with his own people.
A Close Header of the Papers.
Harper is a close reader of the news
paiiers and keeps posted on the business
affairs of the world with as much care as
though he were still doing business at the
old stand. He does very little miscella
neous reading, which shows his tastes do
not run in a literary line. He does not pro
fess any religion, but attends the regular
chapel meetings, sittintr in the place desig
nated for the privileged prisoners employed
in the offices.
Although he is not much of a mixer and
has little to do with his associates, in the
ordinary sense he is not above them. His
effort to play the insanity dodge shortly
after his arrival at the prison was a trie
that many a convict had tried before him,
and his anxiety to secure prison favors is
characteristic of everv man confined there.
For a time his conduct was haughty and
imperious, and he was called the "king of
the pen," but since w araen Dyers aaveni,
he has been very demure. The breaks
which Harper made the first year of his con
finement would have caused any prisoner
but him to lose good time, which is fre
quently deducted as a punishment for some
offenses, but so far he has not lost a single
day. Mrs. Harper does not visit her hus
band bo often now as formerly.
Not Exactly a Poor Man.
There Is no doubt that the ex-banker will
have plenty of capital with which to resume
business as soon as he regains his liberty
and ha, will also have abundant energy and
ability to retrieve his lost fortunes. He is
now only 42 years of age and if he serves
his full time will only be a little over 44
when he is again a free man. He has no
chronic ailments and is as sound physically
and mentally as any man in the Stare. His
chances, therefore, of living a considerable
time are good long enough, in fact, for him
to again rise to affluence and have the men
who despised him as a criminal, once more
bow at his feet
CALIFORNIA,
The Country of Delightful Winters.
California is the most attractive and de
lightful section of the United States, if not
of the world, and its many beautiful resorts
will be crowded with the best families of
the East during the entire winter. It offers
to the investor the best open opportunity
for safe and large returns from its fruit
lands. It offers the kindest climate in the
world to the feeble and debilitated; and it is
reached in the most comfortable manner
over the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe
Bailroad. Pullman vestibule sleeping cars
leave Chicago by this line every day in the
year and go without change or "transfer
through to San Francisco, Los Angeles and
San Diego, This is a feature not offered by
any other line. "Write to Charles T. Apple
by, Traveling Passenger Agent, Boom 303,
Bank of Commerce Building, Pittsburg, Pa.,
if you desire any further information as to
the country and the accommodations for
reaching it
Portraits tor the Holidays
Order now. A handsome 8x10 frame with
every doz. cabinet photos. Also crayons at
special low prices. Lies' Studio,
MWSu 10 and 12 Sixth st
For Jewels.
Safety deposit vaults German National
Bank. Boxes Z5 and upward. u
Bargains in Overcoats.
Chinchillas, kerseys, "meltons and cheviots"
at Pitcairn's, 434 "Wood street ihssu
Bee advertisement of machine shop and
brass foundry for sale, page 11, to-day.
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NOVEMBER 22, J891
WEALTH OF BRAZIL.
Charles Ahel Tells of the Possibili
ties of That -Country.
HOW TBE NEW REPUBLICS STAND.
The Southern Provinces Enjorthe Greatest
Advancement.
HIS VIEWS ON THE PRESENT TROUBLES
A more intimate acquaintance with our
trans-equatorial neighbor, Brazil, is a de
sideratum at the present time, not only be
cause we get the bulk of our coffee from the
Doms, but also, owing to the fact that
Brazil is at present more favorably disposed
toward us than in times past and inclined
to give England the cold shoulder, and
finally from the fact that this particular
section will in a short time by means of
whaleback ships be able to load its produots
and send them clear to Bio Janeiro and
other Brazilian ports without reshipment
It is more than probable that by the time
Brazilians have settled their house to suit
themselves that America will be able to
trade her manufactures for their coffee.
Mr. Charles Abel, of this city, owing- to
his wide acquaintance in the various South
American States, is able to give a definite
idea of what is likely to occur in case some
of the insurgent States attain their inde
pendence, which Mr. Abel thinks will be
the case. Mr. Abel went to South America
some 18 months ago under peculiarly favora
ble auspices. In addition to his ability to
speak the Spanish and Portuguese tongues,
he carried credentials from Secretary Blaine,
Congressman Dalzell and other well-known
Americans, and also from the Pan-American
delegates. These were addressed to the
leading men of the various countries.
He Was Admitted Everywhere.
The advantages thus gained enabled Mr.
Abel to make one of the most complete re
ports ever made from that part of the world.
Mr. Abel was under especial obligations to
Sr. J. G. Do. Amaral Valente, delegate from
Brazil, also to Dr. Carlos Silveria Martins,
son of thetnost important man connected with
the present trouble. Dr. Martins was drawn
to Mr. Abel by. the fact that he was the only
one found in Pittsburg who could converse
in Portuguese.
There being so many political revolutions
in the South American States people of the
United States have, unfortunately, acquired
an unfavorable impression of that country.
This is for want of more complete knowledge
of the Sonth Americans.
Brazil is almost as large as the United
.States, and is large enough to employ
the energies of several nations in an
enervating climate, where man is dwarfed
almost into insignificance by the energy of
nature, as is the case in the northern tropi
cal part This part, called the district of
the Amazones, taking its name from the
river Amazon, which affords with its great
tributaries free navigation over not less
than 30,000 miles within Brazilian territory,
has Para for its capital. This is the great
India rubber country, seven-eighths of the
world's production being exported from
Para. Tbe soil is extremely fertile, in fact,
the great difficulty is to repress natnre and
prevent cultivated land from going back to
forest Mr. Abel courited in one garden 40
different species of palms, and no less than
400 species of orchids in a private collec
tioji. ,. .
Tho next most Important State In North
ern Brazil is Pernambuco, the principal
city of which is also called Pernam
buco. It is called the Venice of
South America on account of its 1
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numerous canals and bridges. It has sev
eral fine colleges and other schools. Cane
sugar growing is the main industry of this
province. These towns and provinces are
all on the Atlantio slope and still . show
traces of a quarter of century of Dutch gov
ernment, especially that of Prince Maurice,
of Nassau. The Dutch occupied this part
of Brazil from 1624 to 1661.
Biches of the Other Provinces.
Of Bahia, the next province of import
ance, Bahia is the capital, a city of 200,000
inhabitants. The bay ot Bahia is next to
that of Bio, considered the most beautiful
in the world. Bahia is one of the richest
provinces, and is famed for the culture of
tobacco and fruits, especially oranges.
Of Minas Gerass, another southeastern
province, Bio Janeiro is the seat of govern
ment, as also of that of the entire Republic.
It is the greatest coffee shipping port in the
world. Tne flora of this province is also
very luxuriant
Still keeping along the Atlantic, but in
clining southwest, we come to san rauio.
Here a large foreign population is found,
and more railway and canal than is usual in
South America. This province includes
Parana, St Catherine and JBio Grande do
Suk
This is Brazil as known to the commercial
world, a comparatively narrow strip run
nine along the Atlantio ocean from French
Guiana a few miles north of the equator and
the mouth of the Amazon to a point rather
more than 30 degrees south of the equator,
where we reach Uruguay. But its 3,250,
000 square miles are merely scratched
on the coast by the agriculturalist
The Brazilian revolution which displaced
Dom Pedro took place two yearseago last
Monday, November 16, 1889. It was one of
the most bloodless in history and was ac
complished in about half an hour. The
Brazilians had no objection to Dom Pedro '
and he could have ruled to tue end ot his
life, but they did not relish the idea of his
abdication in favor of his daughter, who
had a foreign husband, Count D Eu. The
country was ripe for a change and simply
made it without any preliminaries.
Marshal Dodora do Fonseca was, made
nrovisional President The peonlo were
jealous even of his being thus distinguished,
and for this reason Mr. Abel states it will
be impossible for him to make himself a
dictator. In the following September an
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election was held for delegates to a consti
tutional convention and when they met
they adopted a constitution much like ours
and! Marshal D. do Fonseca was elected
President by the convention
Thinks the Revolution Will Spread.
Though the present trouble arose in one
of the smaller States, Bio Grande do Sol,
it is one of the most important Dr. Sil
veria Martius, who was banished on account
of his popularity, would have been able-to
carry his State out of the confederation, and
Mr. Abel thinks it probable that the South
ern States will gain their independence
from the number and influence of the
foreign population, position and the Jeal
ousy of the people on the subject of con
stitutional rights. The Southern States are
the most progressive, and the oost of gov
ernment falls most heavily upon them.
Brazil, unlike the rest of Sonth Ameri
can countries, is Portuguese, and this is one
reason why its people are anxious to cul
tivate social and commercial relations with
the United States. England, so largely
dominant, commercially, in South America,
has alienated the Brazilians by her course
toward their mother country in the matter of
the trouble in South Africa, and besides we
are the best customers for their principal
production, coffee. Brazilians, as a class,
are generous, hospitable and charitable.
As a rule the upper classes are well edu
cated and most of them speak three or four
languages.
It Fonseca persists in his present course
he will only still further divide the country
and Bio Grande do Sul may possibly unite
with Uruguay under the title of the South
ern Republic, the energy of whose people
will make it one of the most flourishing on
the eastern coast The career of all these
countries is all before them. So far they
have not had the incentive that has devel
oped the United States, but they are awak
ing and monarchized ideas can no longer
fetter them, and even in the tropics there is
sufficient high lands to insure a vigorous
population, while in the temperate portion
in the South they have all the natural ad
vantages of the United States.
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PAGES 9 TO 20.
- 3
MOIKHSCM TALK,
The EemarkaWo Experiments
"With the Simians Made
. hy Prof. Garner.
WEll DEHKED WOEDS 1
Which Always Produce the Same
Emotions in the Same Species. .
LA5QTJAQETAIEN BTPHONQGBAPH
Will Ahrajr Be -Received In a Manner That
Can Bo Prophesied.
THBPE0FISS0R'S BOLD MCLAEATION
prmrrrxx toe the dispatch.!
HE world
of
science has re
ceived with so
much kind con
sideration and
candid interest
the brief account
of my attempts
to unlock the
portals of speech
which lead us
from the realm
of human
thought into the
secret precincts
of simian emo
tions that I feel
it a duty to com
ply with the
urgent wish of so-many and give the world
some of my more recent experimens and
the conclusions deduced therefrom.
My belief that animals of the same spe
oies could communicate with each other is a
very common one, but that animals can talk
to each other is a belief that seems not to
hove been much discussed among men. But
If animals can communicate at all the ques
tion naturally arises, by what means do they
converse? It is evident that animals make
voluntary sounds, and that those sounds are
heard by others and obeyed. If they con
vey ideas to another mind, have fixed val
ues and are intended to convey certain
ideas, in what respect are they not speeeh?
If one sound will convey the concept to
another mind, what more could volumes do?
Animals Interpret Human Speech.
If animals Interpret sounds of human
speech why may they not ascribe a meaning
to their own? They do interpret certain
sounds of human speech and obey them,
but. never try to utter them, and hence it
first occurred to me that if I could learn to
speak their sounds I might interpret them,
and thus obtain a clew by which it might be
learned how far those sounds were constant
integrals of speech. My first observations
were mads with domestio animals, but fail
ing to extort the secret from them I began
tostudy the monkey.
About eight years ago while watching a
cage of them in Cincinnati, Z was so im
pressed with the sounds they made that I
resolved to learn some of them. But I
of
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