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;' SECOND PART" ''' JJR
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COMMERCE
BOOMER
Tho Great Ship Canal Project
Will Not Hurt Clove
land Nor
.REDUCE RAILWAY FREIGHTS
A Becklesa Opponent Cleverly Hauled
Oyer tho Coals. '
THE LEGISLATORS MUST WAKE DP
And. Push the Printing of tte Haps and
Eeports at Hand.
FACTS FOE ICON MEN TO BTDDI
Much to the surprise nod regret of many
who have admired the teal and ability with
'which the Marine Review, of Cleveland, has
Heretofore advocated every measure promis
ing advancement of the interests of the
marine of the great lakes, the journal in
question has from the outset antagonized the
Lake Erie and Ohio River Ship Canal
project. The Review has not explained the
grounds upon which its antagonism is based;
but, presumably, it imagines that were a
canal such as that proposed actually in ex
istence and handling the traffic for accom
modation of which the waterway in ques
tion is to be constructed, the consequent
diversion of "lake and rail" freights from
Cleveland and other Lake Brie ports at
which the material that would go by canal
is now handled, would, not only primarily
but continuously, detrimentally affect those
ports.
The Review has unadvisedly asserted that
establishment of a canal, such as that
recommended by the Pennsylvania Ship
Canal Commission, is entirely unfeasible;
that is to cay, impossible; and that not one
person with a competent understanding of
the situation generally, will indorse the
canal scheme; but it evidently fears that a
canal of some sort will be built, and that
such canal, even if inadequate to handling
a large traffic, will be effective sb a means
- for depressing rail rates, and will thus
damage the railways, and in doing that
will injuriously affect the interests of Cleve
land and Erie.
Facts for Thoughtful Readers.
The Review is avowedly "devoted to lake
marine interests," and if it lives up to its
professions has a watchful care for the in
terests of Erie, as well as for those of Cleve
land. Although among the contributors to
the maintenance of the journal In question,
Erie is "conspicuous by her absence."
Ashtabula harbor and Fairport are dis
tinctly appurtenances of the railways. They
are simply entrepots established by the
railways for railway uses, and are not in
any respect to be classed with Cleveland
and Erie. The entrepots aforesaid are
merely instrumentalities in rail war service.
The maintenance of an entrepot, or transfer
station, is a tax on through traffic. The ex
pense necessary to maintenance of the entre
pots in question is borne primarily by the
railways, but ultimately by the consignees
of the lreights; that is to say, the ore and
coal handled at those points. Railway
dock charges at Ashtabula average about
17 cents per ton of ore forwarded thence.
Ashtabula Harbor and Fairport are the
lake ports, not oi Northeastern Ohio, but of
the Mahoning and Sbenango valleys, and of
Allegheny county, Pennsylvania. Cleveland
nnd Erie likewise serve the iron-making
districts above named as lake ports. Of the
tonnage handled, in and out, at the port of
Cleveland in 18S9, fully 70 per cent, (or
11,534,300 net tons), went to orcame from the
tw valleys and trie Pittsburg district, re
spectively. -
Of the total tonnage handled in and out
of the port of Erie in 18S9, something more
than 31 per cent, went to or came from the
Shenango Valley and the Pittsburg district,
respectively.
Of the aggregate of 3,127.721 net tons of
iron ore received at Ashtabula harbor and
.Fairport in 1889, practically the whole
went to the Eastern Ohio and Western
Pennsylvania iron-making districts above
named; ot the 2,591,503 net tons of ore
actually shipped inland by rail, from the
two ports last named, in 1889, more than 98
per cent, went to those districts. And the
coal shipped from Ashtabula and Fairport,
respectively, is Pennsylvania coal. Ot the
coal shipped from the port of Cleveland in
1890 nearly 73 per cent, was Pennsylvania
coal.
A "ut for Cleveland to Crack.
In event of a total annihilation of the
traffic in coal and iron ore between the
Pittsburg, Monongahela, Shenango-Ma-honing
'district and Lake Erie ports, the
busrncss of Fairport and Ashtabula harbor
would be entirely wiped out. Retaining
its lumber trade with Eastern and South
eastern Ohio, the port of Cleveland would
be left with about S3 per cent, of its present
tonnage. The port ot Erie, however, wonld
continue business with about 69 per cent, of
its present tonnage.
This is a fair illustration of the degree to
which the business of each of the lake ports,
above named, is referable to the existence
ot the iron-making and coal producing in
dustries of "Western Pennsylvania and the
Mahoning Valley.
"We do not In the least overlook, nor un
dervalue, the fact that the city of Cleveland
is the seat of great manufacturing indus
tries ot various sorts, and that its lake trade
is only one of the bases oi its growth and
prosperity. In this regard, however, Erie is
more independent of her port than is Cleve
land. Moreover, the business ot the port of
Erie, as above indicated, does not depend as
largely as that of Cleveland does upon com
merce between "Western Pennsylvania and
the ore-producing Northwest.
The principal market for the products of
some of the more important manufacturing
establishments of Erie and of Cleveland,
is in the iron-making and coal-producing
region of which, as aforesaid,
Erie. Cleveland, Fairport and Ash
tabula harbor are the lake ports; and
these, and indeed all the manmacturing
establishments in question, let. their mar
kets be where they may, would be injurious
ly affected by a decline of the industries ot
that region.
Nobody, facing the facts here stated, will
deny that the prosperity of Cleveland and
Erie, and of Cleveland particularly, de
pends largely upon the maintenance of the
iron industries of the two valleys and Pitts
burp; but the Marine Review denies, and
those who have, like it, thus far neglected
the opportunities offered them for fully ex
amining the "situation," also deny: First,
that there is any ground for apprehending
a serious decline ot production of iron in
the district in question; second, that a ship
canal, such as that projected, would, or
could, better the position of tbe iron mak
ers; and third, that construction of such
ship canal, to extend from Lake Erie to the
upper Ohio, is feasible, anyway.
The Legislature Should "Wake Up.
The Commission of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania charged with the duty of
"determining tbe feasibility of connecting
He leasibilitv of connecting
the waters of Late Erie and the Ohio river
by a ship canal." entered unon its dnties In
Ootober, 1889, and on the 20th of February,
1001, rendered to (111 Liglillttiri of td
Cotiiiuoiiwstitih a report nf Hi doing and
0hdlnt(. OI tlili report tin OominlHlfln
(irlnlKd 600 ooiilei for distribution to Ilia
member of th Lrflilatura and tn th nw
miiri and toelinolngleil and tradt Journal!
of Western I'enneylvanla and Itislsrn Ohio.
It had. tirifti tn iiilimlttlnif iti rtnnrt.de
imUtA with 11m Hltte Printer at Harrli'
burg, phote-engraved plats ef the mepi
and profile eeeomimnylne; that report. Tho
Hints will, we preiume, print the report,
with the Bfi-wmpauylns; roups, for general
distribution, Until tills In done the Oora.
n-Mlii cannot adtqueiely eatlify tne i)'
meroni applicant lor Information relatlre
to the canal project.
Hut, us above Intimated, tbe Marine Re
view has a copy of the report of the Com.
mission, such copy having been forwarded
In that journal immediately upon rendition
ot the report to tbe Legislature aa'aforesald.
For more than two months, then, tbe Re
view has had at band tbe very explicit and
comprehensive exhibits made by tbe Cora
mission of tbe facts upon which It bases its
several findiugs, among which findings are
these: First, that construction of a canal
with 15 feet of water (affording navigation
for vessels drawing 11 leet), to extend from
Lake Erie to Fool No. 1 ot the Ohio river
system of navigation that is to Bay, to Pitts
burg harbor is entirely feasible;! second,
that with such canal in existence the through
rate on iron ores, from the shipping ports of
the Northwest to Pittsburg, may be reduced
to about one-half of what it now is, and
that lake vessels carrying these ores to Pitts
burg and taking return loads of coal or other
freights may, at the same time, make more
money than they can now make in ore and
coal carrying on the lakes) third, that ex
cept a canal, snch as that projected, be
promptly established, a serious decline of
the iron-making industries of Western Penn
sylvania and Eastern Ohio is inevitable.
The Canal Means Increased Prosperity.
The reader will understand that the sbip
canal, constructed as proposed, will serve
the Sbenango Valley, and by means of a
"lateral" work the Mahoning Valley, as
fully and as effectively as it will serve the
Pittsburg district. The above recited find
ings oi tbe Commission are, purely and
simply, formulations ot logical deductions
from thorougnly authenticated and indis
putable facts.
If the iron masters of Eastern Ohio and
Western Pennsylvania keep their place at
the head of the" column in the march of
progress in pig iron production throughout
the present decade, they will in the year
1900 consume about 9.354,098 gross tons of
iron ore. On the basis of operations in
1889, about 4,960,000 tons will be used in
Allegheny county and vicinity, and 4,394,
098 tons in the Mahoning and Shenango
valleys. But delivery by rail at the points
in the districts named" at which pig iron is
now maae, in the period of one year of 9,000,
000 tons of iron ore, together with the coke and
limestone necessary to work up that amount
of ore, is a physical impossibility. In order
tbat such increase in production may be
effected, establishment, and moreover a
prompt establishment, ot the ship canal is
necessary. If the canal be not promptly
built production of iron in these districts
will decrease instead of increasing; and,
finally, in order to maintain even the de
creased production the 'railways will have
to reduce rates lully as much as they will
in tbe event of tbe construction of tbe canal.
With the canal constructed in due season
the railways in tbe year 1900 will
have their hands full in taking care of the
passengers, the food and household supplies
and the manufactured products of a popula
tion of 2,000,000 people occupying the
Mahoning, Shenango, Beaver, Ohio, Alle
gheny and Monongahela valleys. They
will be glad to let tbe canal carry all tbe
ore and through coal. They will always
get much the greater part of the pig iron.
If the canal be not built the railways in the
year 1900 will not carry as much ore as they
did in the year 1890.
The CommlsslonXnvites Criticism.
Any person carefully considering tbe facts
presented by the report of the Commission,
and intelligently forecasting the situation
as it will be when tbe region above outlined
shall have become the seat of furnace plants
producing annually as much as 6,750,000
gross tons of pig iron, will quite certainly
reach conclusions practically identical with
those just stated, and. will approve the find
ings of the Commission generally.
We had hoped that tne Marine Review
would give its readers an opportunity for
considering some at least of the arguments
favoring the ship canal project presented by
tbe Canal Commission in its report, and
naturally supposed that it would select for
particular examination and comment those
portions of the report devoted to considera
tions upon the economic results of applying
lake ore and coal carriers, of tbe types now
prevailing, to the mixed lake and canal
service, establishment of which is contem
plated. But the Review distinctly declines dis
cussion of the report. It has quoted noth
ing from said document; and in its issue of
April 23 opposes itself to publication of .ex
tracts from tbe report in the following
strong language: "The newspapers in lake
cities that have given up their columns to
matter supporting the Pennsylvania sbip
canal scheme are following a very unwise
course."
The Review then proceeds to characterize
the canal scheme as an "unwise projeot,"
"a visionary matter," a "project the most
unfeasible that might be imagined." It
charges the Pennsylvania Legislature with
having "blundered in giving attention to
such a visionary matter;" and declares
"there can not be found one person with a
practical knowledge of the increase of the
size of the vessels on the lakes of late years,
and tbe relations which the railways of
Ohio and Pennsylvania bear to the lake and
furnace interests, who will indorse this
scheme." It asserts that "tbe canal cannot
be so constructed as to deliver the ore to the
furnaces, and the handling cost is accord
ingly increased." It asserts further that
"the modern steel steamships of the lakes
would make a half dozen Lake Michigan
trips while a boat was navigating the
canal."
Not a Very Sellable Pilot.
Thus, instead of doing its proper share in
the work of acquainting the "public with the
facts relative to the ship canal project, the
Marine Review sacrifices its reputation asau
able pilot by ignoring all the lights and
channel marks (provided as aforesaid by the
Commission), and undertaking to sail his
sbip directly against a strong current, tbe
"set" of which was long ago known to those
navigators who have taken the sailor-like
precaution of "keepingan eye to windward."
Instead ofjacts the Review gives its read
ers recklessly extravagant assertions; some
of which we have quoted above. If tbe Re
view thinks the canal project "unwise," It
is in duty bound to say so; but it is likewise
in dnty bound to give the grounds on which
it bases its opinion. We suppose that when
the Review says "(he canal project is un
feasible," it means to say that it considers
the measure of building a canal.such as that
proposed, inexpedient We do not under
stand that tbe journal in question intends to
appear as charging the engineers of the
Canal Commission Cas well as the Pennsyl
vania Legislature) with "blundering."
The engineers of the Commission say, and
demonstrate the fact, that construction of
the canal is entirely feasible. They sav,
further, tbat there are no engineering diffi
culties in the wayof construction, and that
the whole work may be done within three
years, and tbat the entire cost need not ex
ceed 27,000,000.
The statement that no person practically
acquainted with the sitnation will "indorse
this canal scheme" is simply ridiculous. The
Commission already has signatures of very
many such persons subscribed to a formal
and unqualified indorsement of the scheme.
The-sLegisIature of Pennsylvania and tbe
Governor of that State have formally in
dorsed the scheme; so nlro have the Cham
ber of Commerce of Pittsburg, and tbe
Amerieus Club, of the nmrnif en ln
has tbe National Commereial Convention,
Iaielv In tesaion In irn. n 1J in
fact, ,the Comaiwion hat jet toiad tae.per-.l
ion praelleallr acquainted with the iljua
lien, and not tonjftji.tled by tin discipline
of corporation!, who doii not oinreii ap
proYalofthewhime,
Ore If andllnir Not Made Dearer.
With regard to the amrllon that the coit
of delivering ore (torn canal viueli to to
furaaon wilfexeeid the preient aggregated
roit of diioharglng the ore from the vei"!
at the lake port, handling It ai the lake
dooki, and dlieharging It from the railroad
eari at point of destination, wo have to iay
that the ooit of putting ore from canal veuel
Into itoek pile, at any furnsce IntheHlie
nongo or Monongahela Valley, will not ex
ceed the preient cost of putting It from the
railway oara into theetook pile at tboie fur
naoe and that tbe oanal practice will efcet
a earing on present outlay in tbli particular
operation of tho entire amonnt of tbe rail
way"dQ0K charges." Of tbe 23 staoksln
the Shenango Valley, IS stand directly
alongside tbe oanal route; and the other are
wltbln easy reaeh by cable conveyor. Of
tbe furnace in tbe Mahoning district, two
at Hubbard and one at Youngitown are not
within "conveyor" range; the other are
either on tbe canal bank or near it The
Monongahela furnaces are all within con
veyor range.
As fully shown in tbe report of the Com
minion, tbe lake marine now in service can
make more money in a lake and canal trade
than tbey now do. Because of the default
of the Marine Review we are constrained to
supply tbe present article to show how, and
to approximately define the extent,to which
tbe prosperity of tbe port and city of Cleve
land, particularly, is dependent upon tbe
prosperity of the iron-making 'districts of
Eastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania;
and to urge upon the people of that city tbe
fact thatif the Lake Erie andOhio River Ship
Canal will benefit the said iron-making dis
tricts it will,as a natural consequence benefit
Cleveland; and to commend to the
careful attention of the people of Cleveland
the facts, set forth in tbe report f the Canal
Commission, upon which that Commission
bases its assertion that the canal is necessary
to the maintenance of the said district in its
present rank as the principal iron-producing
district of this country. If it maintains
that rank it will very shortly be the first
iron-making district of the world.
J. M. GoOdwix.
FRANK O. CARPENTER has interviewed
.Ex-Governor Coxtln, the Blind Parson and
other old men on the rnles lor longevity.
See TO-MORROWS DISPATCH. AU the
news.
COURT NEWS OF A DAY.
True Bills Fonnd Against Henry W. Hart
znan and Charles Wylle for Misrepre
senting Weights Indictment Qnaihed
In the Greevy-Scull Congressional Con
test In the United States Court yesterday the
grand jury completed its work. Tbe last
two indictments npon which true bills were
returned are in the cases of the Government
against Henry W. Hartman and Charles
Wylie, of the Hartman Manufacturing
Company, of Beaver Falls. They were in
dicted on the charge of willfully and know
ingly, fraudulently misrepresenting tbe
weight of two shipments of wire doormats
to New York. The offenses are indictable
under the inter-State commerce act
An argument was made on a motion to
quash tbe indictment against James M.
Cover and Samuel S. Forney lor refusing to
appear before the magistrates and testify
and produce the ballot boxes in the Greevy
Soull Congressional contest in the Blair and
Somerset district The motion set forth tbat
the bill of indictment was defective as not
showing that the defendants had been sum
moned to appear before a magistrate, and
tbat tbe bill did not charge the defendants
with a crime against the United States.'
Judge Reed in the afternoon sustained
the motion quashing the indictments.
The following cases were continued until
the next term of court: Thomas C. Spenoer,
a postmaster of Clarion county, charged
with opening a letter belonging to another;
A. E. Sutherland, of Hazelton, charged
with writing indecent letters; Nelson Van
derpool, charged with" asfcing excessive com
pensation as a pension agent
Before the grand jury adjonrned it passed
a vote of thanks to W. H. McCIeary, fore
man, and F. X. Burns, clerk. During the
present term 31 true bills were returned and
tour ignored.
HEX.T WEEK'S TBIALS.
1.1st oi the Cases Slated lor Hearing in a Few
Days.
The District Attorney's clerks yesterday
prepared the weekly list of cases for trial in
the Criminal Court next week. The follow
ing are tbe persons to be tried:
John Gorman, Martin Doherty, John 8co
flfld (2), Annie Sconeld (2), Kate
Koheret, Mary Deuniston. William Kelly.
Patrick Kelly, Joseph Bray, Jobn Kerr,
Mlcbael Doehla, C. L. Wacbter, Martha E.
Brenneman, W. I Ltppencott, Thomas Dutch.
Richard Beale, Henry Freeman, S. Beale (2).
Charles Johnston (2). William Tuclce, Edward
Tracey.Jonn Glenn, Charles Llpkaw, Marian
Nepat, Peter Previty, James B. Nelson, Mary
Ramsey, John McCaw, Peier Lorblg, lilies Mc
Nulty, Hugh "McKce, H. F. Bragaman,
George Cramer. Jr., F. Colemery, Jobn
Dingus, James Sutle. Jobn P.
Bcbofield, J. W. Greerey, Charles Holman,
Christian Herman, H. Sandforfl, Frank Rose,
Charles Young, Elizabeth Kenua (3), William
Green (2), Samuel Harper, A. Gunther, James
Monahan, Jlolllo Blair, William Peterman,
Jobn Toner, Rose Flood, Emll Hess, A. Miller,
K. Tschume, Frank Doland, J. Jiazek, Leonard
Reieb, J. Gardner. J. G. Quigley, W. EStrong,
G. A. Betel. A. Long, JHerodnowitoU, "W. Jfc
CrlDbs, Belle btone (2). R. Gordon, John
Brown (2), Jobn LoQnk, John Englert (2).
To-Daj's Trial 1.1st
Criminal Court Commonwealth vs Ellen
Welsb, Harry J. Parker, J. B. Cole. Joseph S.
Dawson. John Harris, George R. Qwings, John
8. Burke.
Briefs From the Conrtg.
Tbe suit of Jobn Staufile and wife against
Adam Peters for damages for injury to prop
erty caused by drainage, Is on trial before
Jndge Ewlng.
IN tbe suit of J. E. DuBois, executor of John
DuBois, against John Clark and wife, an action
on a mortgage, a verdict was given yesterday
for 403 66 for the plaintiff.
-THEsmtof Catherine Fnlmer against Mc
Keesport borough for damages for injury to
property caused by the overflowing of a sewer,
is still on trial before Judge Slagle.
H. D. Gaskell yesterday entered suit
against Mrs, Matilda Gerst for S1.E00 damages
for alleged unlawful retention of household
goods which had been stored with her.
The executions Issued yesterday were: J. P.
Sterrett, trustee under tbe will of James Mc
Auley.foruse of Lillie McAnlay, vs M. F.
Rtid, 910 US; A a Miller, assignee, vs Robert
Heber, 8 70.
Is tho ejectment salt of James Dugan
against Mary E. Bowman to recover for a strip
of ground 6 inches In width taken from Du
can's lot, a verdict was given yesterday for
tUa 65 for the plaintiff. -
The snlt of V. K. McElhaney and others
against tbe Pittsburg, Virginia and Charles
ton Railroad Company for damages for a right
ot way taken through property, is still on trial
before Judge Harry White.
A non-suit was entered agaimt the plain
tiff yesterday lu the case of Robert H. Mc
Mnnn against Allegheny City to recover dam
ages for injuries caused by McMunn's horse
stumbling over some sewer pipe on Main
street and throwing McMunn to tbe ground.
An Inquest In lunacy was held yesterday on
Thomas Ward, an old soldier living on tho
Bouthslde. Tho Inquest was held on tbe peti
tion of Mrs. Martha J. Barstcbe, a daughter of
Ward. He was declared a lunatic and found to
have been lmano for Ore years. Mrs.Berstcbe
was appointed a committee to take charge of
him and directed to give bond in the sum of
tsoa
ETJROrE U covered by Special Cable
letters In to-morrow'a big DISPATCH.
The People's Store, Fifth Avenue.
Bead out ad. to-day. It will interest yon.
Campbell & Dice.
PITTSBURG DISPATCH.
HTTSBUBGr, 8ATUBDAY. MAY 0, 180L
A BRIGHTER ASTEOT
li Now Presented In the I'Ulflbur
Iron and Steel Industrie?,
HHieaiieMeBiaM
A HEBULT OF BF.ORNI CHANGES,
Tbe Kelt Great labor Qtuillon li
Amalgamated Seal',
tho
OPirOIAM FREBERYJ3 A GLOBE 6E0RE0X
Tbe Industrial iltnation In and about tbe
Tloinity ofPJtUburff, a far a tbe Iron and
teel, coal and coke Industrie are concerned,
be annmed a much brighter aipect daring
tbe pt week than lis cbaracterlied any
change tbat baa ocourred in these important
trades tor many months.
Tbe satisfactory agreement on tbe wage
scale and peaceable settlement of all differ
ences between tbe miners in the Western
Pennsylvania and Ohio districts, and the
railroad coal operators of those districts, has
put an end to the threatened strike of the
railroad and river miners', which, if it went
into effect, would probably refleot itself on
the trade in the States of Pennsylvania,
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and West Virginia.
The approach of the end of the prevailing
Connellsville coke strike by the gradual re
sumption of work at nearly all the plants
throughout the region has caused much sat
isfaction to those either directly or Indirectly
engaged in the trade, if for no other reason
than to witness the end of tbe lawlessness
and disorder that has characterized this lat
ter half of the greatest labor campaign' that
has ever taken place in the history of tbe
many diSerences that from time to time
arise between capital and labor in these,
fruitful regions.
Effect of the Changes.
The result of these changes have been no
less satisfactory than their occurrence was
rapid and surprising. In the first case, in
view of the" determined utterances of the
Columbus Convention, as regards the en
forcement oi the .eight-hour day and the
subsequent abrupt ending of the conference
between tbe opposing sides, held in this city
some few weeks ago, owing to the Indiffer
ence of either side to attempt any modifica
tion of the views of tbe Columbus Conven
tion, a strike affecting both the river and
railroad miners and promising to assume
immense proportions, was thought inevit
able. f
The official announcement that the strike
on the basis of the eight-hour day be de
ferred, as the present is an inopportune
time, cansed great surprise among the trad a.
A.t the Columbus Convention, last week, the
rates were agreed upon end work was re
sumed in the to-be-affected districts at the
commencement of this week. The terms
agreed upon were 79 cents for lake and
Northwestern trade, and the question of the
price for mining for the local trade was left
open to be settled by an arbitration board.
This latter innovation ia entirely new and
leaves the wages for mining coal for local
consumption between the Miners Pit Com
mittee and the pit boss, and in the event of
failure by three parties to agree, the distriot
officers are appealed to, and in case of
further failure to agree on a satisfactory
price the Arbitration Board is called upon.
Chance for Endless Discussion.
The only disagreeable feature thought to
be contained in this method of wage settle
ment is that it gives opportunity for con
tinual discussion and probably disagree
ment, although those well acquainted with
its workings. LiMnk that the -mutual con
Silence reposed in one side by the other is a
sufficient guarantee that justice will pre
vail. The amicable adjustment of the miners'
trouble ha withdrawn attention from their
cause and centered itself ia the outcome of
the Connellsville strike. A report is our
rent that every working miner and miner's
apprentice within the bounds of tbe Ameri
can Federation will henceforth let aside 0
per cent of his weekly earnings to promote
the cause of tbet'r fellow workmen, and as a
result fully 525,000 to $40,000 this week will
be spent in the Connellsville region to sus
tain the strikers in their positions by furnish
ing themselves and families with the neces
saries of life, agitating the important ques
tionsbearing on tbe resnlt and in divers ways
endeavor to work success for the cause of
labor in this most important struggle.
No Great Outbreak Feared.
The condition of affairs in this region ia
at present peacabie, and, while no general
outbreak is feared, small-sized riots and
individual disturbances will undoubtedly
continue to mar the public peace until the
question is finally disposed of.i The num
ber of workingmen gradually increases
from day to day, and the last authentic re
port from the regions stated the number of
active ovens as over 4,000, while tbe idle
list approximates 12,000. The shipments
from week to week show a continued slight
increase, and all signs point to an unsuc
cessful end for the wotkingmen.
Tbe strike during the past five weeks has
fallen outside the limits of a properly con
ducted labor struggle, and the contest hag
degenerated into a determination to win bv
ftrute force, by intimidation, midnight riot
ing, destruction of property and even mur
der. To the public mind the original con
test has been lost sight of, and , it has as
sumed tbe appearance oi an outbreak against
law and order.
It is to be regretted that such measures
are resorted to by the strikers, for in losing
public sympathy tbat give away a powerful
aid, and however disagreeable it may be for
tbe leaders to acknowledge defeat, it is only
a question, of time until they will be reluc
tantly forced to do so.
Next Great labor Question.
Probably the next important question
that will engage- the minds of the labor
world hereabouts is the annual settlement
of the Amalgamated Association scale for
tbe ensuing year. There has been talk
among members of changing the basis of
the wage scale to some other article than
bar iron.. Muck bar and skelp iron have
been suggested, but no positive information
can be obtained as yet, and the talk on this
point so far is thought to be mostly expres
sion of individual opinion.
Suggestions on economic questions, sub
lodges, on scale, good of the order, laws,
etc., are said to be down on the programme
for consideration. The general officers ad
vise that all changes and new demands on
tbe wage question be submitted to the re
spective mill firms, pievious to the meeting
of the wage committee, otherwise tbey will
be certainly rejected by the convention, as
the law on this point is very explicit.
Probably the most important question
that will come before tbe convention for set
tlement, for the reason that it' will affect
every- mill within the jurisdiction of tbe
Amalgamated Association, is the adoption
of the general sliding scale: The Homestead
mill system enforced in July, 1889, has
worked so admirably that many advocates
of the sliding scale have been gained and the
settlement of the question will be watched
with interest
Preserving a Close Seorecy.
The utmost eecreoyi being preerved by
the member a regard an advance in the
price for boiling, which rules at IS CO in ttie
Western districts and about fi CO In the
East. The abnormal depression existing in
the Iron trade during tbe past ten month
will serve a a strong lever to work bene
ficially on behalf of tbe manufacturers, and
no advance as far as can be learned at this
writing will be demanded.
In the iron and steel trades general trade
continues in a depressed condition, though
raw irons have stiffened up in priee con
siderably dnrine the past few weeks: es
pecially Is thl true of Bessemer,-which has I
advanced probly 3 froea.tke laweatpolntj
Maeliid. , TliU lueipiiitt Irujiroveweiit liflN
irluuted In n great uuaturi to Hie noirolty
of atooke. eaiilii ailrsuu buylntf uini
jueiit. Ilia voluntary ihutdown of tlia Ma
lion ng and lllieunniio Valley urnneei, ei
well ai ilia fereed sanation of tailing among
many furnaces In the dlilrlsl from willed
i'lttinurff draw III lupnllei, ewlna to the
failure to receive luppllei of, ooke, (iai
great y restricted production In tlili market,
and tbe Inevitable mult of the lawi of nip.
ply and demand In now only srlilng,
i NnArtv'ftoei,onkertFnr.
It la very probable that no pronounced
advance will continue and a dnll and de
preied market I expected to rule during
the summer, While the looal mill are not
orentooked with order they are neverlhe
ieii making extensive preparation for an
enlarged trade,
i Furnace No 3 of the Isabella plant I to
bo torn down and rebuilt. The foundation
were weakened dnrlng the' late flood and
tlila precaution i necessary to ave tbe
plant from wreck. Furnace Nol, which
ha been out of blast since October, his
been relined and started, Tbe Keystone
mill Js putting in a battery of new boilers.
Howe, Brown & Co. are building a new
heating furnace at their mill. Last week
the breaking of the anvil block on their
large steam hammer caused a few days sus
pension of work. The Monongahela plant
at McKeesport was recently put in opera
tion, giving employment to over 300 men.
Owing to the lack of coke furnace B will
remain idle. The National Tube "Works
Company, of McKeesport, is building mill
No. 6 to its adjoining plants. Painter &
Sons have fully resumed on gas, after using
coal for a few months, necessitating the re
cleaning of their puddling furnaces. Car
negie, Pbipps & Co. are erecting an addi
tional plant to the Government works. The
machinery to equip the plant is being im
ported from Scotland.
Other Repairs In Progress.
The No. 1 blooming mill of Jones &
Laughlins has shut down in order to permit
of a general overhauling and additions be
ing made. The Fischer Foundry and
Machine Company has recently added a 16
foot boring mill, 12-foot planer, 48-inch
horizontal boring machine, 72-inch radial
drill press and 20-ton traveling' crane.
These works are very busy just at present
and recently turned out a 20x24 engine and
two 10-ton traveling cranes for tbe Pennsyl
vania Tube Company and a 20-tort traveling
crane for foundry practice.
William Fisher recently shipped from
his extensive works an eight-ton bar shear
to a city firm; a ten-ton shear with engine
for burs and rails to Blandon, Pa.; a pan
for grinding sandstone and washing the
sand thus produced, to Connellsville. The
Sterling Boiler Company has made sales of
Sterling boilers to Marshall,' Kennedy 8s
Co., of this city, and to the Pacific Boiling
Mills at San Francisco. The Pittsburg
Bridge Company has received the contract
for a plate girder viaduct 800 feet long over
a railway track at Indianapolis, This
company has had a very heavy business
this season.
Totten and Hogg have contracted with the
Minneapolis Rolling Mill to furnish nn 18-inchtbree-high
muck train of modern de
sign. Tbey have also received an order for
a number of chilled rolls lor rolling tin
late, from the Granite Iron Comnany, St.
iouIs. Messrs. Seamon, Slath & Black,
Thomas Carlin's Sons & Co., and the
Leechburg Foundry and Machine Company
also report the receipt of large orders for
their different products. . C. J. K.
A SURPLUS of fat means disease. In THE
DISPATCH to-morrow Cella Logan will tell
how to prevent abnormal abdominal devel
opment. TWENTY-FIBST AKNIVBSAB7
Of the Southslde Medical Society to Be Celo
brfcted by ft River Excursion.
At tbe annual meeting of the Southslde
Medical Society the following officers were
elected for the ensuing year: President, Dr.
George C. Babauser; Vice President, Dr.
W. F. Burleigh; Secretary.-Dr. C. C. Here
man; Treasurer, Dr. J. O. McQuIston. It
was decided not to give a banquet on the
twenty-first anniversary of the society, as
has been the custom heretofore, as several
members desired to have their ladies present.
It was finally decided to give an excursion
and basket picnic on the steamer Mayflower,
up tbe river, on Tuesday, May 19, the
twenty-first anniversary of the society.
The boat will leave tbe foot of South
Twenty-second street at 2 p. M. sharp, and
if a convenient place can be found a landing
will be made and tbe entire party will dis
embark and have a regular old-time picnic.
About 500 invitations will be issued, and
fully that number are expected to attend.
Toerge'a Orchestra will furnish the music,
and a grand time is being looked forward to.
FAxUra TEE PIPES.
entences Dealt Out In the United States
Conrt Yesterday.
In the United States Court yesterday
Judge Beed sentenced tbe following per
sons: ,
"William Bedell Smith, one year and six
months to Riverside Penitentiary, for taking a
letter from tbe postoffloe that did not belong
to him. Tbe letter contained 875,
Jobn A. Musgrave, $25 fine and three year
to the Riverside Penitentiary. He was con
victed of raising a 11 bill to a $5 bill.
Isaac Crotzer, one year to the Northumber
land county jail for taking a letter that did not
belong to bias.
Jobn Corr, two years to the Riverside peni
tentiary for sending improper terms through
tbe mail.
Michael Day, three months, to the Lacka
wanna jail, and a flue of $100, tor selling liquor
without a license.
Nolle prosses were issued in the Ases of
J. C. Mohney, charged with using the mails
with intent to defraud, and J. W. Shepler,
charged with not paying retail liquor tax.
C, C. Martin pleaded nolle contendere to
passing counterfeit money. Sentence was
suspended.
ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON will de
scribe a funeral In the South. Seas and some
of the native superstitions In THE DIS
PATCH to-morrow. News from all tho
world. The best paper In the State.
CRIMINAL COUET WOBK
Several Acquittals Among the Cases Dis
posed of Yesterday.
In the Criminal Court yesterday Louis
Young, tried for the larceny of some tools
from John Douglass, was found guilty and
waa sentenced six month to the workhouse.
Tbomas Perrine pleaded guilty of false pre
tenses. He was accused of selling a rope
which did not belong to him. Sentence was
'suspended on payment of costs. William
Craig was acquitted of immorality, bntwaa
ordered to pay tbe costs. Anthony and
Michael McCaffrey were acqnttted of assault
and battery, on Anna MoNally, and the
costs divided.
Thomas Purcell, of Braddock, tried for
aggravated assault and battery on- Samuel
Hanson, wa found guilty of unlawful' cut
ting and wounding. Hanson, who was
charged with assault and battery on Purcell,
was acquitted, and tbe costs placed on Pur
cell. Employes Were Negligent.
The Coroner's jury in the case of Patrick
Foley, killed on the Pittsburg, Cincinnati
and St. Louis Bailroad Wednesday, ren
dered a verdict yesterday, censuring the
negligence of the railway employes. Testi
mony ihowed that the engine that struck
Foley wa going around a sharp curve
without ringing; the bell or blowing the
whistler
Time for County Taxes.
The tax. books of tbe county for 1891 have
been completed, and the County Treasurer
is now ready to receive taxes. Bat few oar;
a ent bars aa yet been made,
CATTLE ONA RANCH.
Homo of Tliolr I'eoullai'ltlei, m Told
by a Colorado Haiti
MMseJBMM
UOTIIIillh' LOW! FOR TLIK1K YOUK0,
Hew a
Zoang Bullion Oboeiti tbe Han
Members, of II li Harem,
mOTSOl'IKQ HIS PAMIf-Y PEOM WOLVES
Barry Moore, who spent oroo yean In
Colorado surveying, prospecting and study
ing men and things, horse and horned cat
tle and tbe babit of domesticated anlnjsls
generally, as they reverted to the wild state
on the plains, and gradually recovered much
of tbe Instinct lost when man took npon
himself their guardianihip, found it an
entertaining occupation. He also found
that some ranchmen is that matter-of-fact
region were fuljy a superstitions as a back
woods Pennsylvania Dutch farmer, believ
ing that the moon is the guardian goddess
of all who believe, in zodiacal lore and gives
success or disappointment according as peo
ple follow the teachings of the old astrolo
gists, in addition to her control of the tides.
. He tells ot one practice that seems to be
built equally on ascertained fact and super
stition: Calves at a certain age are by some
ranchmen separated from their dams. The
mother usually irets for a time, and some
cows are inconsolable for a long time, during
which they lose flesh, become melancholy
and hollow-eyed, and are liable to disease.
Unique, hut Said to Be Effective.
The ranchmen have learned that a scent
of the cow's offspring consoles her maternal
solicitude, and that if the end of the ealf'a
tail be cut off,-just sufficiently to draw blood,
and put into her feeding rack where she can
snuff at it daily, she soon becomes reconciled
to the loss of her baby, and proceeds to do
her duty to her owner normally. Accord;
ingly.the calf s narrative Is slightly abbrevi
ated. But in order to make the operation a
complete success, in the estimation of many
cattle owners, a charm must be worked in
connection with the amputation. At soon
as the latter is performed the calf must be
caught by the tail and pulled backward
clear out of the stall in which the operation
is performed. No further incantation is re
quired. Some cows are almost human induration
of affection for their offspring, while others
are soon consoled for. the loss ot it A
specimen of the first class made a, small
fortune for s Colorado ranchman. Ai soon
as her calf was sent away irom her and she
could no longer get trace of it, she would
betake herself to the range, and before
evening she would succeed in stealing some
other cow's calf. Now, it is a law en the
cattle plains that all unbranded calves run
ning with cows belong to the owner of the
latter, and as fast as this cow could bring
home foundlings they were branded by her
owner and put into his separate enclosure,
none daring to attack his title.
A Cow Without Guilt.
The cow incurred no moral guilt, and the
owner no legal one. This baby farming
went on until the oow waa tbe foiter mother
of a large herd. She would not have sold
in tbe market for more S13 but her owner
considered her worth at least 500. '
When horses are sent out on the plains to
propagate they, even in tbe first year, re
cover a part or tbeir aboriginal instinct, it
being developed by their sense of danger in
losing man.' guardianship, and in a few
years they'adopt a regular military avitem
for mutual defense. The stallions select
their female partners, and aa among polyga
mous and atage mankind, the strongest
and most courageous choose to suit them
selves, while the less spirited must put up
with the residue. In this way proprietors
are enabled to diicover the best aire to in
sure hardy and ipirited progeny. The most
powerful and courageous horse not only
have the pick of the herd, but have the
largest harems, just a the mighty men of
old appropriated tbe finest of the women
and finally fonnded rude aristocracies of
best blood.
Blood Will Always Tell.
Blood tell in man or beast. When tbe
division ie finally acquiesced in, either
through victory over weaker contestants or
otherwise, each leader conducts hi harem
by itself, but the divisions leed contigu
ously lor the purpose of mutual defense.
Each stallion is absolute master of his harem,
and each mare soon finds, if she be disposed
to have a will of her own, that in equine
matrimony, as in polygamy tbe world over,
the weaker sex has no rights except those
allowed by the h;ad of the family, and in
the case of horses tbe tyranny seems to be
a necessity for tbe common good.
The stallion, though ho be ever so gentle,
is a born fighter and he' holds himself re
sponsible for the welfare of his charge.
While feeding he is ever wary, and at short
intervals directs hia attention to all points
of the compass in rapid succession. His
senses are more acute than those of tne
mare, and between sight and hearing it is
difficult for an enemy to steal a march on
him. If a mare chance to stray beyond a
small distance from the herd the stallion
stampshis foot impatiently at her and emits
a low waring neigh.
How the Mares Are Controlled.
If she do not heed the admonition and get
back to the herd at once it is repeated, and
if this fait her lord and master gallops up to
her and thumps and cuffs her soundly, and
with such effect tbat abe is subsequently
tractable ana submissive for considerable
time. And this guardianship is necessary,
as prowling wolves are ever hanging in the
outskirts ot the herd, too cowardly to attack
it massed, and always respectful to the
stallion, whom they know from experience
to be a fighter and dangerous enemy, but
ever on the alert to attack a. mare if she be
isolated, and no matter how desperately she
may fight she i usually, if not rescued by
her guardian, hamstrung and rendered
Eowerless either to rejoin the herd or to
ght.
Then, when abandoned by the herd at
evening, the wolves put an end to her
speedily, and in a short time her bones are
clean enough to be strung on wire. Thus
the apparent savagery of, the stallion ia real
kindness not always appreciated as it should
be. TJp to a certain age the colta stay with
the family, and the father ia not only 'proud
of them, but very affectionate, though when
in his unerring judgment he concludes that
they should go out into the world and de
velop character, he is not mincing in his
commands.
'Colts Lert to Their Mothers.
' While he is, up to this stage, their pro
tector, he leaves their education to tbeir
mothers. When he decides that they must
leave the parental circle he allow no time
for leave-taking, tears or emoraces. xne
youngsters make the best of it, , and soon
there is a large mua meeting of the offspring
of the various harems. The young males
choose their partners as their sires did be
fore them, and new colonies are founded.
This instinctive arrangement prevents the
disastrous consequences resultant from in
termarriage among tbe crowned heads of
Europe, and there are but few caies of in
sanity among wild horses. That it prevents
degeneration is proven by the faot that tbe
half-trained and diminutive hpries brought
from Texan plains have all the spirit, with
the addition of a pungent f pica of will, of
their ancestors, the Spanish cavalry horses
thit took to the wilds centuries ago.
The broncho, fed on gra'ss alone, will en
dure much more fatigue than the civilized
Iinrse of either equal or greater weight fed on
the moat nutritious grain, and the man who
rides one BO miles' in a. day will show more
signs of fatigue in the evening,than does the
"horselet" Mutt MM MiUtUSemf
hli tit ' '
I - -
i.
The earth had been Inhabited' for abont
22,000,000 years, and Its vital history bad
been divided into six progressive periods.
The primordial age, or formation of the
first , organism (infusoria, zoophytes,
ecbinodermata, crustaceans, molluscs a
world of the deaf and dumb and almost
blind), had not taken less than 10,000,000
years to go through its different phrases.
The primary age (fish, insects, more perfect
senses, separate senses, rudimentary plants
forests of horses tails and of tree ferns) had
then ocenpied more than 6,000,000 years.
The secondary age (saurian, reptiles, birds,
forests of conifereae and of ejeadaca) in
order to accomplish its work, required
2,300,000 years. Tne .tertiary age (mam
mifers, monkeys, superior plants, flowers,
fruits and seasons) had lasted 00,000 years.
The primitive human age, the. time of
national divisons, of barbarism and of
militarism had filled about 300,000 years,
and the sixth age, that of- intellectual
humanity, had reigned for nearly 2,000,000
years.
During that long succession of centuries
the earth had grown older and the snn had
become colder. In the beginningof the ages
the terrestrial globe was entirely covered by
the waters of the ocean. Upheavals caused
first islands, then vast continents, to emerge;
the surface of evaporation diminished in ex
tent; the atmosphere was saturated with less
SHE TRIED TO EISH
vapor and could not so well preserve the heat
received from tbe sun; so that a gradual de
crease ot temperature was brought about.
Daring the first human age three-quarters of
the globe were etill covered by water and the
temperature remained high. But from cen
tury to century a portion of the rain water
penetrated through the soil to the deep rocks
and returned no more to the ocean, tbe quan
tity of water diminished, the level of the sea
was lowered and the screen of atmospheric
vapor afforded only an insufficient protection
to the nocturnal radiation. There resulted a
slow, century-long decrease in temperature
and then s spreading of the ice, which at
first covered only the high mountains and
the polar regions, but little by little Invaded
the temperate regions and insensibly lowered
tbe line of perpetual snow.
On the other band, the sun, the source of
all light and all heat, radiating perpetually,
without an instant of cessation, in tbe cen
ter of cold, obscure and empty space, slowly
lost the calorific power which caused the
earth to live. Of an electric and almost
bluish white, saturated with Incandescent
hydrogen, during the geological periods
which witnessed the appearance of terres
trial life, It gradually lost that dazzling
whiteness, to acquire the color, perhaps ap
parently warmer, of glittering gold aud such
was its real color during the first 300,000
years of human history. It then became
yellower and even reddish, consuming its
hydrogen, oxidizing itself, metallizing it
self. This slow transportation of its photo
sphere, the Increase of its spots, the diminu
tion of its protuberant eruptions, brought
about a correlative decrease in the emission
of its beat.
In consequence of these various causes the
terrestrial temperature had, from century to
century, become lower. The geographical
aspect of the globe had metamorphosed it
self, the sea having several times taken the
place of the land, and vice verso, and the
extent of the sea having considerably di
minished and been reduced to less than a
quarter of what it was at the advent of hu
manity. The seasons which had begun in
theStertiary age had perpetuated themselves
through the centuries, but with a decreasing
intensity for tbe summer heat. Climates
insensibly approached each other near the
equator; the glacial zones (boreal and aus
tral") inexorably forced back tbe temperate
zones to the place of the anzient torrid zone.
warm valleys and equatorial regions alone
were habitable; tbe rest was irozeu.
From century to 'century humanity had
attained forms of exquisite beauty and no
longer worked materially. A network of
electricity covered, the globe, producing at
will all that waa needed. It- was then a
unified race, entirely different from the rude
and heterogeneous raees tbat bad character
ized the first period. Doubtless tbe abso
lute equality dreamed of by the poets had
not been attained, and tbere were still supe
rior aud inferior beings; seekers and indif
ferent, active and inactive men, but there
were no more scandalous unfortunates nor
irremediable miseries;
About the year 2,200,000 after Jesus
Christ the last great focus of human civiliza
tion shone in tbe center of equatorial Africa,
in tbe brilliant city of Suntown, which had
already been several times raised again from
its ashes. It was more than 100,000 years
since the spots where Paris, London, Borne,
Vienna and New York had stood Vere buried
beneath the ice.
The capital of this aristocratio republic
had attained tbe last limits of a Insurious
and voluptuous civilization. Leaving far
behind it the childish amusements of Baby
lon, of Borne aud of Paris it had thrown
itself heart and soul into the most exquisite
refinements of pleasure and enjoyment, and
the results of progress, the achievements of
science? art and industry had, during several
cen tunes, been applied to. raising all the
lovddflit'e to their maximum of intensity.
Electricity, perfumes, music, kept tbs senses
In a ete of over-excitement, so that under
tsehHiuantiigbtw mm
be m veiled ate
MrjtM tjmm. eeHud,"
1 i ' ' L- - &&..'.y:
PAGES 9 TO 12.
meat' rest and about their 2Stb year men
and women dropped dead of toUl exhaus
tion. Perceiving tbe increasing coldness of
the planet and the approach of eternal winter,
they bad early maintained about them
selves a warm and oxygenized atmosphere,
milder and more exciting than the old
breezes from the woods and prairies, bod
lived more rapidly and rushed more rashly
to the inevitaoie end. The elegance of cos
tumes, tbe beauty of forms had gradually
risen to an unexpected perfection in conse
quence of a passional selection, which
seemed to have no other object than imme
diate happiness. Wives no longer became
mothers unless by accident. Besides, soma
of the lower classes alone remained in condi
tion to undertake the duties of motherhood,
fashion having for some time, been able to
suppress tbe necessity in the upper social
spheres.
Then it wa seen that the women of the
lower classes were tbe first to feel the deadly
effect of invading cold, and the day cams
when it was recognized that amid the blind
enjoyment of pleasure no woman was av
mother or could become one. 'Xbey no
longer desired the inconveniences of mater
nity, which had so long been left to the in
ferior women, and they reigned in all the
splendor of their unblemished beanty. It
was only when a law was passed tbat-tbe en
tire fortune of the republic would be given
to the first woman who would give birth to a
child that they understood the irreparable
extent of the misfortune that had befallen
the last inhabitants of the earth.
Doubtless the end wonld not have long
AND PELL BACK.
delayed its coming, the sterilised soil being
henceforward incapable of feeding Its chil
dren. But they were deluding themselves
with the thought that perhaps by some in
genious proceeding it would become possible
to put off tbe fatal period, to gam time; and
who knows, they said, if the climate may
not improve and the inn smile on the un
fortunate planet.
Bat recriminations, regrets, sorrows, re
proaches, accusations, despair all were now
superfluous. Life had been, if not dried up
at its source, at least rendered irremediably
unfruitful. A special congress of the last
surviving members ot the Medical Academy
produced no satisfactory result. They dis
puted violently, each member being accused
by his neighbor of having lent himself to the
spreading of that insane fashion; they near
ly came to blows. As the issue of tbe meet
ing the President of the academy and tbe
chief qf the protectors were even compelled
to quench their mutual anger by a duel
with swords, and more than a year waa
spent ia physiological and political discus-,
sions without result.
But a youth, the last of that race, yonn?
Omegar, born in the lower ranks of society,
came with his mother, already advanced in
age and a rare survivor of tbe mothers, and
belore tbe assembled representatives recalled
tbe improvidence of the governors, stigma
tized the public immorality, pointed out to
them the general folly of which the human
race was the victim and demanded that the
last constructed electric aerostat made in tbe
Government workshops should be put at his
disposal. He engaged to conduct an expe
dition over the whole of the equatorial zone
which still remained habitable and to see
whether any human groups still existed on
any spot.
The proposition was received with en
thusiasm, a real aerial flotilla was con
structed and all tbe strong men flew away
to discover the land of increase.
IL
Alasl the entire earth had disappeared
beneatn snow and ice. Everywhere tho .
desert, everywhere solitude, everywhere
silence. Snow followed snow, hoar
frost followed boar frost. An
immense shroud covered the continent
and the seas. Sometimes a solitary peak
rose above the frozen ocean; sometimes av
dismantled ruin, a spire, a tower marked
the site of a vanished city. Even tombs and
graveyards were no longer to be perceived;
ruins themselves were destroyed. Every
where nothingness, ice, silence. Days foj-
lowed days, and every night the red disk oX
the sun set behind the white plain, which
slowly, at each twilight, took tbe violet tints
oi death.
AlreadyTislf the members of the expedi
tion had died of hunger and cold, when tho
rflnlilla thought thevsaw from their airy
heights an immense ruined city near an un
frozen river. They steered toward the un
known city, and thought themselves dream
in when they discovered on the, banks of
the river a group of men walking.' A cry of
bappioess'and wonder sounded from every
breast, and in an instant all the skiffs were
tied up by tho river-banks.
They were received as unexpected saviors
by men who bad long believed themselves to
bo ilm only survivors of terrestrial human
ity, looking on with despair at the last days
of the world. At the head of the group stood
an old man enveloped in reindeer skins. Of
commanding stature, his hollow black eyes
shaded by bushy white eyebrows, with a
long beard as white as snow, and his skull
as yellow as antique ivory it was felt that
he wns one of those energetic characters who
have endured all the trials of life without
yielding, but arhose hearts have bidden fare
well to every hope. However, his counte
nance lit up with joy at tbe arrival of tha
newcomers. His sons and tbeir companions
threw themselves Into the azsas of the aerial
travelers.
They sasde large, ires aaet seated them
mIth at a-atoieat aaM eawosed prixi.
'I
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S
4
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