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DISPATCH. T1"-
v . i
SECOND PART.
THE PITTSBURG
THE BIGjM. SNAG
Which Cut Short the Career of
the Great Agricultural Im
plement Trust.
IT MAY TERMINATE OTHERS
Manufacturers Say That the Provis
ions of the Federal Act May
TRIPLE DAMAGES AND LAW FEES.
Inducements for Bringing Suits in United
States Courts Too Great.
TALES ABOUT TUB TKUST TROUBLES
tSFECIAL COHHESFOXPXXCE OF TDK DISPATCH.!
Chjcago, April 10. "When the great
trust for the manufacture of agricultural
implements was formed a few months ago,
with a capital stock of $33,000,000, and put
in operation with a corps of officers includ
ing Eome of the shrewdest business men in
the country, and then suddenly dropped
like a hot poker by all parties concerned,
there was no little curiosity on the part of
the public to know why it had been to sud
denly abandoned. It was asserted by some
that the outcry against it by the press was
the chief cause of the downfall of the
scheme, but, then, trusts usually pay very
little regard to the press. It was then said
tnat certain large manufacturers like the
McCoraiicks had finally refused to go into
the scheme because they could not consent
to cive up tneir individuality and take
trust stock for their immensely valuable
properties.
What the Manufacturers Say.
The manufacturers themselves explained
that it was because of legal difficulties that
the scheme had been given up, but very few
people believed,' that, because trusts have
too often met and overcome all the legal
difficulties that could be placed in their
way. But the explanation last referred to
is probably the correct one.
An attorney of one of the firms in the pro
jected trust said this afternoon that the rea
son the scheme was not carried through was
because the lawyers could not convince the
capitalists engaged in it that the trust could
be operated without running afoul of the act
of Congress of last July in reference to trusts
and conspiracies In restraint of trade. Pull
ing down a volume of session laws, he
hastily read over the act, which, with the
usual amount of legal verbiage,declares to be
illegal, "every contract, combination in
the form of a trust or otherwise, or con
spiracy in restraint of trade or commerce
between the several States or with foreign
nations, "'and
Punishes Everjbody Who Enters
into any such contract, combination or con
spiracy"with a fine not exceeding $5,000 or
imprisonment not over one year, or both, in
the discretion of the Court, and imposes a
like penalty on "every person who shall
monopolise, or attempt to monopolize, or
combine or conspire with any other person
o persons to monopolize any part of the
trade or commerce among the several States
or with foreign nations;" and, as if that
were not enough, provides further that any
person who suffers injury in consequence of
the formation of anv such trust may recover
triple damages, costs and attorneys' fees
Irom the parties engaged in the trust.
After running over the act of which this
is the substance, the attorney said that when
the attention of the firms had been called to
its severe penalties they put the question to
their counsel whether they were not vio
lating that law by going into the trust. The
latter replied that they were not. The trust,
they said, was organized as a corporation
under the laws of Illinois. Each party
going into it would do so in good faith.
A Regular Corporation.
They took stock in it and paid for the
stock its fuli value by turning into the in
corporated trust their lespective plants, and
the trust would operate them in the same
manner as an individual who might buy up
and run half a dozen stores iu various parts
of the city. They cited the case of the
United Glass Company, a New York cor
poration located in Chicago, which operates
aliout 18 tliflereut glass lactones, stretching
from 2sew York to St Louis, which used to
compete with each other, and said that that
concern had never been interfered with.
But, the manufacturers urged, that com
pany was formed before the act of Congress
went into effect, and they could not be con
vinced that the Agricultural Implement
Trust could be run without at least great
danger of the prosecution ot its members in
the United States courts. "The upshoi of it
all was," sairk,he, "that the scheme was
abandoned. The advantages to be derived
from it were not great enough to com
pensate for the risks."
Triple Damages the Biggest Bugbear.
Some of the manufacturers especially
feared that section ot the act giving to any
person injured triple damages for injuries
sustained through the trust, and the gentle
men read the following:
Section 7 Any person who shall be injured
in his business or property by any other person
or coiporation by reason of anything forbidden
or declared to be unlawful by this act, may sue
therefor in any Circuit Court of the Unitea
States, in the district where the defendant re
sides or is found, itiiout respect to the amount
in controversy, and shall recover threefold the
damages by him sustained and the costs of
suit, including a reasonable attorneys' fee.
"The language of that section," he con
tinued, "is very broad and sweeping, and
the people engaged in that trust found that
they would be at once swamped with
troublesome litigation. That act, is com
paratively new and has been brought into
the courts in only one instance, when pro
ceedings were begun at Nashville,
Tenn., to prevent the formation of a coal
combine. The courts have not yet put an
interpretation on this section of it, and,
until they do, it will be hard to say just
what it means.
It Would Cause Endless Annoyance.
"But there is no question that it might
cause endless annoyance to a trust like that
tor the manufacture of agricultural imple
ments, suppose, for instance, that I am
an extensive farmer, and must have many
thousand dollars worth ot machinery to
carry on my business. The trust is formed.
All competition is put 3n end to and the
price list doubled. I am, therefore, obliged
to pay just twice as mnrh for mvmachinerv
as I would have to pay if there were no
trust, and I would be damaged just to that
extent. Under that section of the monopo
lies act I could sue the trust, and it I made
out my case I could recover three times tBe
amount of the damage suffered, and also my
attorney's fee. What an inducement there
is in that to sue the trust I The cost of be
ginning and carrying on a suit is compara
tively light; the profits of one, if successful,
may be enormous."
"It that act prevents the formation of the
Keaper Trust, why should it not also affect
trusts in other articlesglass, for instance,
or anthracite coal?" the attorney was asked.
Other Trusts "Would Bo Affected.
In time it probably will," was the reply.
"Suppose the Window Glass Trust gained
control of that article and foroed the build
er, of U of bur big office buildings to make
an extra expenditure of several thousand
dollars. They could undoubtedly sue the
trust for treble damages, and recover, too."
"But suppose the trust assumes the form
of a corporation and takes the various
plants as owner in return for stockregu
larly issued to their former owners, as in the
case of the United Glass Company."
"That would make no difference except
that it might make it more difficult and ex
pensive for the injured party to make out
his case. Of recent years the courts are
coming more and more to disregard cor
porate forms, and I have no doubt that, if it
could be clearly shown that the corporate
form was resorted to only as a cover, the in
dividuals composing the corporation would
be held liable just as if they had acted as
private individuals."
Other Instances of Weakness.
"Suppose, as in the case of the Patent
Medicine Trust, the combine should refuse
to sell goods to any person who would not
agree to its terms?"
"In that case if a dealer lost money
through the operations of the trust, I should
say he could recover damages under the
provisions of the act There is one thing to
be noted, however the act .of Congress ap
plies only to trusts and combinations in re
straint ot trade between the several States
and territories and the District of Columbia
and foreign countries. Under its terms,
therefore, it cannot apply to a trnst which
restricts its operations within the limits of
a particular State."
ITS PRIME NECESSITY.
THE GEEAT ADVANTAGES TO PITTSBUEG
OF A SHIP CANAL.
In Fact the Whole of Western Pennsylvania
Would Be I-argcly Benefited by It
Transportation Kates on Coke and Iron
Would largely Drop.
The following communication Irom one
thoroughly acquainted with the subject ap
pears in the current issue of the Sharpsville
Advertiser:
Of the consumers of pin metal now using
larco quantities ot Southern irons, there ara
few who give those irons a preference over
Lake irons, for any reason other than that the
Southern irons are, nominally at least, cheaper
than the Lake irons. There are few of those
consumers who would not pay a little more for
a good Lake iron than tor the best of the
Southern metaL Bat for work in which they
can use the Southern metal they will not pay
for Lake metal very much more than Southern
metal prices.
In order that the Iron-making district of
Western Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio (the
Eroduct of which is almost exclusively from
ake Superior ores aud Connellsville coke)
may recover the markets it has lost, and per
manently keep its hold of them, the cost of pro
duction of pig metal in that district must be
reduced so that Bessemer may bo sold, with a
living margin of profit, at a price below 13 per
ton.
That this condition of affairs wonld be
reached, at or about the present time, wo long
ago predicted. But wo were calculating that
before this time the "fire in the rear" wonld be
stronccr from West Virginia, Virginia, north
west North Carolina and Georgia than from
Alabama.
The Alabama Boom Ended.
Powerful and persistent "booming" of the
Alabama district, of which we had no premoni
tion, has, however, for a time changed the
course of eveots, and the'production of pig
iron in Alabama in 1890 was far greater than
that of the above named four States combined,
Alabama naving turned out in that year 8M.6S8
nettoos. and the said four States no more than
492,493 net tons. But Alabama has nearly, if
not quite, touched high water mark, while Vir
ginia is coming up on the scale, and she, with
the other three States above grouped with her,
will eventually produce farwmore than the
Alabama district. Virginia bas increased her
production from 151.184 net tons in 18S5, to
S20.8S9 net tons In 1S90. and here the increase
will he, for years to come, persistent.
Thus far, however, the product of the entire
"South" Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia, North
Carolina, Virginia and Kentucky does not
equal that of Allegheny county alone. The
.Southern group prodnced in 1890 no more than
1.447,697 net tons of coke and bituminous metal,
while AlUcheny oounty produced 1.4B7.788 net
tons of coke metal.
We have not taken charcoal iron into ac
count in this paper. The charcoal iron indus
try is of large Importance in various ways, but
it occupies a field of its own. Incorporation of
the statistics of this industry with those of the
coke and anthracite industries is inexpedient.
Advantage of a Ship Canal.
Charcoal iron, then, being ont of the calcula
tion, the champion district (Allegheny county
and our two valleys, the Mahoning and She
nango), produced in 1890, 28.35 percent ot the
entire pig iron ontput of the United States.
Pennsylvania and Ohio produced 57.67 per cent
of the whole ontput of 1S90, and Pennsylvania
alone produced 45.43 per cent ot the whole out
put. The output of tho Shenango and Mahoning
valleys was 1,224,857 net tons, of which the
Shenango valley made 669,608 tons. The two
vallers made 99.3SU tons more than Alabama
and Virginia combined. We are in the front
rank yet: but in order to keep thero we must
rednco the cost of producing iron, at least to
the degree above indicated.
We need to make iron at a cost, per ton, fo
labor, SI 60; administration and taxes, SOc; ore,
S6 75; coke, $2 SO; lime, etc., 55c; total,
$12. And ihis without unduly calling forre
duc ion on prices ot stock. But we cannot do
this without our ship canal. In 1893 the average
freight charge on ore (aggregating the Ash
land. Marquette and Escanaba business, and
including dock charges) to Pittsburg, was
S2 1SJ per ton; to the valleys, SI 75.83 per
ton.
Were the ship canal In existence, even with
a through "toll" of 20c per ton to Sharpsville,
the rate from upper lake ports to Pittsbure
would not exceed SI 59. and to Sharpsville $1 33
per ton. So the freight on the oro for a ton of
metal would be. to Pittsburg 52 5S and to
Sharpsville $2 lb tons ore to ton of
metal).
Canal Should Be Tree.
The reduction from present cost would be
69.6 cents per ton of metal for Sharpsville, and
86.4c per ton of metal for Pittsburg. The
Pittsburg reduotion would be 26.8 cents, per ton
of metal, greater than the Sharpsville reduc
tion. The freight on the ore for a ton of metal
to Pittsburg would be 42c greater than tho
freight to Sharpsville; at present it Is 63?i
cents creator.
But the canal should bo "free;" and It will be
if the communities interested promptly take
joint action to that end. With a "free canal"
the thronch rate on ore from upper lake ports
to Pittsburg will not exceed SI 39 per ton and
to Sharpsville ?1 23 per ton. Then tho freight
on the ore for a ton of metal will be: To Pitts
burg S2 25, and to Sharpsville SI 99. Ke.
rtuction from, present rates (per ton of metal)
85.8c to Sharpsville and $1 29 to Pittsburg.
By adoption of proper cars and appurten
ances for delivering and handling stock to and
at furnaces, a saving, upon present practico, of
atleast 15 cents per ton of metal may be-eff ected.
By the very simple expedient of taking out of
the blast-air, before it goes into the blowing
tubs, all water that may be removed by con
densation, a saving of fuel (and increase ot
production per diem) may be effected, cquiva.
lent, with coke at 3 per ton in the furnace)
to 80 cents per ton of mental produced.
Wonld Reduce Coke Rates.
The saving effected by the desiccation of the
blast air, with a furnace making, in present
practice, 100 tons per diem, will repay the cost
of the desiccating plant in about seven months.
The above specified reductions of cost to be
effected by the canal, and the other means here
named, amounts to 1 30.8 per ton of metal
made. The canal would operate furthermore
to materially modify rates on coke, and to re
duce cost of transportation of pig metal; the
latter result working as directly for the benefit
of the furnaces as it would were it an actual re
duction of cost ot production.
We trust that the people of Western Penn
sylvania and Eastern Ohio will presently wake
up to the fact that the Lake Erie and Ohio
River Ship Cmal is positively necessary to the
maintenance of their district in its position as
the seat of the principal iron-making industry
of this country. We hardly need to say that if
it maintains that position it will soon take rant:
as the principal iron-making district of the
world.
And the people of the great Northwest, in
terested in maintaining markets for their ores,
and in securing cheap transportation for their
fuel, which they must import, will earnestly
second any movement made for establishment
of this canal: this very necessary supplement
to the Sault Ste. Marie Canal.
GRAND ARJir men always find tht
most reliable news in THE IHSPATCH. A
G. A. R. department every Snnday.
Linoleums at prices not to be found in
anv other store in either city, atWeltv's,
120 Federal street, 65, 67, 69" and 71 Park
way. xis
BRADSTREETANDDDN
Take Slightly Different Views of the
"Week's State of Trade.
ONE REPORTS A LAKGER VOLUME,
The Other Dwells on the Gloomy Situation
in Iron Traffic.
PROSPECTS OF HIGHER GRAIN PRICES
."SPECIAL TKLIQBJLM TO TUX DISFXTCR.1
New Toek, April 10. Special telegrams
to Bradttreet't report a moderate increase in
the volume of general business at Phila
delphia, Baltimore, St. Louis, Kansas City
and Omaha as compared with trade iu the
two preceding weeks. The greatest activity,
with almost an approach to buoyancy gener
ally, is at San Francisco, where the excel
lent crop outlook, higher and advancing
price of wheat and a steady demand
for all products, notably barley, for export
to South America, stimulate business gener
ally. The significant report is made from
Memphis that its tributary country is bare
of corn and hay, with the demand brisk for
both. Overflows have ceased to affect the
trade in the lower Mississippi Valley, but
business there has not equaled expectations,
aud activity is shown only in the movement
of sugar.
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Cincinnati
and Cleveland did not increase their general
trade aside from speculative lines. Bad
weather still lingers in the central West,
and heavy country roads continue a check
on the interior movement.
The Iron Trade Still Doll.
Large stocks of unsold iron ore aud the
dull state of the iron and coal industries
cause lake freight carriers to delay opening
navigation until May 15. Leather and
hides , are weaker and incline to lower
figures. Wool is about steady with
shading at Boston and a fractional
advance at Philadelphia. Cattle aud
hogs are generally 510c higher
at Western markets. Drygoods are in slow
request, but will improve with steady spring
weather.- Print cloths are a shade firmer on
declining stocks.
An increasing amount of work is being
done in the Connellsville coke regions, but
whether the strike is practically ended has
not been made clear. In other directions
labor disturbances have increased within
the week.
Business failures in the United States
number 178, against 216 last week and 157
this week last year. The total from Janu
ary 1 to date is 3,726, against 3,665 last
year.
Gross railway earnings for March are
larger and more satisfactory than those for
February, there being fewer decreases, and
the tendency toward increases being more
widespread. Every group of companies
shows a gain, both for March and for three
mouths, over last year.
Increased Railroad Earnings.
The increase for March is 19 per cent in
earnings, and 2.6 per cent in mileage. The
Eastern, Pacific aud Southern companies
make the best showings, the Grangers re
porting the smallest gain. The total earn
ings of 130 companies for three months are
$99,951,816, a gain over last year of 5.4 per
cent. This follows a gain for the quarter in
1890 over 1889 nf 10.8 per cent
Money markets have been somewhat ir
regular, the increased demand for funds by
speculative interests in cereals, provisions
and transportation and industrial securities
tending to harden rates at some centers.
Bank clearings at 57 cities for the week
ended April 0 amount to $1,050,992,093, nn
increase over this week last year of 4 per
cent At 56 cities (New York's total ex
cluded) the gain is L3 per cent
Share speculation at New York is active
aud nervous, with advancing tendencies and
increasing professional and public interest,
due to the encouraging crop conditions. The
export of $4,000,000 ot gold to Europe has
had comparatively little effect.
Wheat Is on the Rise. '
Wheat scored another advance this week,
and it is not unlikely to go higher, with in
visible stocks small, exports relatively heavy
from both coasts and foreign demand active.
Available stocks show signs of decreasing
most rapidly. Exports, both coasts, ithis
week (including flour as wheat) equal
2,934,652 bushels, against 2,164,188 bushels
last week, and 2,083,719 bushels iu the second
week of April, 1890. Exports from July 1 to
dateequal74,917,141bushels(from the United
States only), against 84,244,057 bushels
in a like portion of 1889-90, aud 69,269,016
bushels in 1888-S9. Last week's wheat ex
ports have only been exceeded in one week
within the current cereal year. Available
stocks of wheat in Europe, consolidating
Beerbohm's and Bradstreet's totals, equaled
99,808,145 bushels April 1, 1891, 344,000
bushels more than on March 1, 1891, 11,616,
795 bushels less than on January 1, 1891,
9,013,700 bushels more than one year ago,
and 485,000 bushels more than two years
In the Dominion general trade has not
been very active. When navigation opens
some improvement is expected. Complaints
are heard from the boot and shoe trade at
Quebec City. Montreal says trade is dull
and merchants are complaining, while
Toronto reports a .moderate activity only.
The Dominion reports 37 business failures
this week, against 36 last week, and 38 this
week last year. The total number irom
January 1 to date is 633, against COS last
year.
DnnTake a Gloomier View.
E. G. Dnn & Co.'s weekly review says:
It cannot be said that the business of the
country is expanding, when tbere is a de
crease of nearly one-sixth within a single
month in the output of pig irou. Iu nearly
all quarters the admitted slackening of trade
is attributed to merely temporary causes.but
the state of the iron trade can't be thus ex
plained, and while it may at any time
change for the better, it is at present an un
favorable symptom. At Detroit char
coal iron ,is offered at $18, the
lowest. price ever known. It is a hopeful
feature, on the other hand, that stocks un
sold have decreased duriug the mouth more
than one-quarter, both of anthracite and,
coke iron, at furnaces reporting. But the
trade is very dull, and some Southern fur
paces are weakening as to price, while the
market for manufactured forms of iron and
steel shows no improvement It is said
that the orders for rails placed this year do
not reach 400,000 tons. Another element,
which may prove of great, though tempo
rary, importance, is the decision of a great
body of miners to strike May 1 for eight
hours.
The State of Other Industries.
The Eastern coal trade is very irregular,
buyers waiting the effects of the Coxe inter
State decision. Other industries show no
material change, though the wool market is
more dull. The boot and shoe trade is un
commonly dull, with prices tending rather
downward. Sales of 500,000 pounds lake
copper at Z cents, are reported. Lead is
weaker, but tin has been advanced by specu
lation. The outlook for the building trades
is generally favorable, but labor troubles at
some localities are still threatened.
Reports from the various centers of trade
are about the same as last week, but recog
nize temporary slackening even more gen
erally, while it is attributed mainly to bad
weather and the state of country roads.
Pittsburg reports lower prices for iron pro
ducts', but glass sustained with improving
trade. At Cleveland general trade is fairly
active, especially in lumber, and at Cincin
nati machinery is very brisk, but other
trades only fair. At Chicago, wheat, dressed
beef and wool show considerable increase
over last year, but sales of dryaoods fa" be
PITTSBURG, SATURDAY, APRIL 11, 189L
low those of last year, the first adverse re
port in the trade for many months.
News From Trade Centers.
The clothing and shoe trades are still
showing gains. Business at Detroit is dull;
at Milwaukee and Kansas City only fair,
and at St Louis not very strong;, but at St.
Paul'spring trade has been very satisfactory,
and at Omaha and Denver fair. At New
Orleans trade is quiet; at Memphis .caution
rules, but at Savannah the prospect is
bright, and there is improvement at Jack
sonville. Speculation in breadstuff's halts, though
wheat is a fraction higher. Corn is three
quarters lower, but oats half a cent higher;
pork 25 cents higher, but lard and hogs a
shade lower. Coffee is three-quarters of a
cent lower, and cotton has declined a six
teenth. Haw sugar has advanced a six
teenth under the very heavy demand since
the duty was removed, but refined grades
are unchanged as yet In general the spec
ulative markets are rather inert, and the
general average of prices is now 2 per cent
lower than it was two weeks ago. Exports
are fairly maintained in the aggregate, but
the movement of wheat, flour and corn falls
far below last year's.
Exports Find Their Limit.
The returns of foreign trade for March ap
pear to indicate an excess of about 7,000,
000 exports over imports, but the exports
cannot be expected to enlarge from this
time forward.
The money market here is quite undis
turbed, though at all Eastern markets there
is more than the usual disposition to lend
ou call rather than on time, aud at Boston
there is considerable stringency. At Phila
delphia and Pittsburg money is easy,
but at Cleveland there is some pres
sure; Cincinnati is a little close, and at
Chicago there is a good demand at 6 per
cent At other Western points generally
the money markets are comparatively easy,
and at the South not materially changed.
Collections are not, as a rule, quite satis
factory, owing to bad weather and bad coun
try roads; but the Treasury has again put
out about $3,000,000 in a week more than it
has taken in, aud no signs appear of heavy
gold exports as yet
CLEANLY AND CHEAP,
HOW TO BUEH COAL WITHOUT MAKING
VEEY MUCH DDJT.
Some Suggestions From a Gentleman Who
Talks From Experience How Mr.
Eichbaum Saved Many Bushels of Coal
and Needed No Smoke Consumer.
Joseph Eichbaum has something to say to
the people of Pittsburg, now that they are
forced in a great measure to go back to coal
for fuel, and it seems a pity that they can
not be made incline their ears and act on
Mr. Eichbaum's suggestion before the city
again assumes its old-time funereal hue.
Mr. Eichbaum's suggestion is not
patented, and he asks nothing for it but that
the city be kept'as clean as possible, and as
he figures, it seems strange that anyone
burning coal and having the same to pay for
does not catch on at once. Here are some of the
results : Some years ago he had a flue boiler,
1G feet by 36 inches, for power, and an
Eclipse boiler for heating, and the con
sumption of coal under them to get the
service required was 42 bushels of coal a
day. As the flue boiler did not give enough
steam, Mr. Eichbaum had the furnace en
larged, and thereby secured ample steam
for all purposes, without using the Eclipse
boiler, and the consumption of coal under
the new arrangement was but 18' bushels a
day. He subsequently reset the same boiler,
and gave eight inches space between the
boiler and the walls, instead of the custom
ary four inches allowed, and secured the
same result by the combustion of 15Jf bush
els of coal, a little over one-third of the
amount originally employed, and the smoke
escaping from the stack was scarce percep
tible. Another Successful Experiment
Another boiler 22 feet by 38 inches bad its
furnace enlarged in the same way, except
that the space at the sides could not be en
larged, for want of room. Its consumption
of gold was 45 bushels a day prior to the
enlargement and 21 bushels a day subse
quent thereto. In this case the coal was
weighed during six days preceding and six
days 'succeeding the enlargement. In the
first experiment the grate surface of the
lurnace was enlarged from 9 to 20 feet and
in the second from 14 to 21 feet, just 50 per
cent in the latter case. Nearly all the gases
were consumed by the perfection gained in
combustion and added to the saving of fuel
the fouling of the. atmosphere by the escape
of smoke was almost entirely avoided.
Mr. Eichbaum says he does not base his
theory and practice on any pretension to.
scientific knowledge, but wholly on ob
servation and experience. When he was
steamboating economy of fuel was a do'
sideratum on the Western and Southern
rivers and he had a master stoker employed
to whom $40 a month was paid when stokers
could be had iu any port for $25 a month,
but this man's skill in firing saved the
owners of the boat several times his extra
cost. Mr. Eichbaum observed that this
stoker would not allow the furunces choked
with raw coal as did ordinary firemen, but
first coked the coal in thefrofitof the lurnace
and then spread the coals by degrees so
as to not only get more heat than other
stokers, but at a much less expenditure of
fuel, and he did not have the facilities for
doing as much as he qould have done with
an enlarged grate surlace.
Can Re Done in Every Honse.
Mr. Eichbaum says the same results can
be achieved in household consumption by
similar methods, nd it is well known that
some grate setters can give the same heat in
a room with less than half the coal con
sumed in grates 40' years ago.
He attributes the waste of fuel in Pitts
burg to the cheapness of coal here in lormer
years. In the East aud in some portions of
the West, where fuel has always been ex
pensive, the matter has received study,
and the Corliss engines are pro
vided with furnaces built on scientific
principles, the amount of grate or
furnace room beine calculated according to
whether anthracite or bituminous coal is to
be used. As coal will never again be so
cheap in Pittsburg as it was in the days
when the surplus could not be shipped, the
matter is an important one, not only as re
gards cost for manufacturing and house con
sumption, bnt as has been demonstrated,
Mr. Pickwick's observation that dirt aud
prosperity go together is no longer axiom
atic. Why not make an effort to get along
without smoke in ouratmosphere, especially
when it is cheaper to do so than not? As
we have wasted in seven years a supply of
natural gas that ought to have sufficed 20
years, we should at least try and get some
salvage from our experience"
Wall Paper.
Liucrusta walton, pressed goods, hand
made goods; also cheap and medium grades,
with ceilings, iriezes and borders to match,
and a full line of wood moldings, at
Welly's, 120 Federal street, 65, 67, 69 and
71 Park way. tts
Special Bargains In Jackets.
Ladies' stylish cloth blazers in black,
gray, tan, embroidered collar, ?3 95, would
be cheap at S3. Very fine reefers and silk
ornaments, rolling collar, tan or black, at
54 85. worth $7 50. Hundreds of new ones
opened yesterday at Bosenbaam & Co.'s.
Now Is the Time
To select wall paper. See our extensive
stock. John S. Koberts,
414 Wood street.
An Ail-Around Superiority.
A reliable brand of beer is that manufac
tured by the Iron City Brewing Company.
This beer is better than any German article,
and English porter cannot compare with the
Tj-no fiitv porter.
TIME TO TAKE TROUT.
Only Two More Days of Grace Left
for the Speckled Beauties,
THE SEASON OPEK1NG TUESDAY.
Peculiarities of the Fish That Is So flard to
Get and Good to Eat.
ANGLERS WHdTE CAGGIlT MAKI OF 'Eii
Next Tuesday is the last day of grace for
the trout, unless he can tall back on the law
of Moses and claim immunity on thegronnd
that, with the hog, doe, coney, horse and
various other animals and fishes, such as the
eel, he is unclean, having no scales. It is
evident that in Egypt, where Moses got his
bringing-up, there were no trout, or he
would have made an exception in his djetetic
regulations to their detriment. From the
15th inst until July 15 trout may be taken
with hook and line, but they are protected
from wholesale takers who operate with the
seine, and this protection amounts to consid
erable their taking is a science which only
enthusiasts can master.
April 1 opens the season in New York
State, but this season it will not greatly de
populate the trout, as he is not overly hun
gry until tempted by .the wanton sunburst
which even 2 south has not been ardent
this spring. f In this State no' person is al
lowed to catch speckled trout with anything
save rod, hook and line, under penalty of
$25, and be cannot use these implements on
Sunday under like penalty. They may be
caught otherwise for the purposes of propa
gation, however.
In the Eastern part of the State on most trout
brooks the closed season lasts through this
year, and in some counties two years, as peo
ple are not allowed to fish in the dennded
streams until the fry placed in them have
attained three years' growth, but on the
Western slope of the Alleghenies most of
the brawling mountain brooks are open, as
the stocking was done several years ago, and
the streams were never fished out as in the
East
Trout Fishers of Allegheny County.
There are no tro'ut worth speaking of in
this county, and consequently nots many
trout fishers. W. G. Schirmer, pharmacist,
states that he doesn't know of more than 50
all told in these two cities, and he is an
enthusiastic angler who had rather pull out
a well sized speckled beauty than eat spring
chicken and waffles. He and other enthu
siasts will, in course of a few years, be able
to take their favorite in most streams
adaptable ior trout culture in the State, as
in Lancaster oounty alone over 100,000 fry
were distributed. Last year Mr. Demutn also
put into the Conestoga, a lot of croppie,
rock bass, calico bass and wall-eyed pike,
locally called Susquehanna salmon, and
some black banded sunfisb. There
does not seem to have been as much energy
displayed by the Pish Commission in the
western end of the State.but J. W. Hogue,
fish Warden, is making a strong fight to
succeed Mr. Long, and if he gets there, there
may be expected to be a stirring of dry
bones, as Hogue is an enthusias twho works
with his sleeves rolled up.
Fishing for Trout a Science,
Trout fishing is a science, and differs ma
terially from that of fishing for bull heads,
which anyone can catch if he be willing to
risk wounding from their spines, though
there are some people who exhibit skill in
catching the latter withont hooks. They tie
the bait on the end of a line, and when the
bull head or catfish pulls they draw him
gently within an inch or two ot the surface
of the water, and then with a spasmodic
twitch, accompanied by considerable muscu
lar effort, land him on the shore. This sys
tem requires dexterity that only comes
through practice. If the fish's nose is al
lowed to come to the surface before the twist
of the wrist necessary to laud him, he lets
go and goes back into his element.
Mr. Schirmer, who is a successful trout
taker, says be has no theory to propound.
He states that he gets trout by sneaking up
on them like a snake "if necessary, but he is
inclined to indorse the method of Jndge
Sutton, of Indiana county, who is supposed
to know more of the art than did old Izaak
Walton. Judge Sutton wears a rubber suit,
or did some years age, that enables him to
wade to his; armpits if necessary. He starts
at the head ot a brook and meanders
leisurely down stream, casting bis fly ahead.
His success has been great, and some say it
is because the trout does not see up stream
very well.
How the Fish Is Usually Taken.
Mr. Schirmer, however, thinks it is be
cause the bait floating down does not appear
suspicious as it does if the angler throw it
up stream, as the latter operation requires
more exertion, and is liable to discompose
the fish, which expects his prey to float
down stream, as it usually travels that way.
Mr. Schirmer states that he never had any
pronounced success fishing for trout with
flies but gets them with both feet with worm
bait, aud he does not appear to have any
especial . preference among worms. Mr.
Schirmer enters his protest against the law
which provides that bass shall not be taken
before June 1, as he says they afford no
spnrt aftlr the time set and the taking of
them in May wuuld not interfere with spawn
ing. Captain William M. Dalgleish, a veteran
angler, who regards the trout as the only
Pennsylvania fish worthy of the ambition of
an ichthyologist, says that, added to ordi
nary gumption and experience, it is neces
sary to take into consideration the state of
the weather, and give the speckled beauties
a varied menu. Though they like flies, i.t
must be understood that they don't want
them as a steady diet, as the trout has a
dainty palate and wants variety. Captain
Dalgleish says that after a heavy shower
millions of flies are knocked flown into the
brooks. The trout gorge themselves, and
the day following they must be oflered a
change," or they wiil turn up their aristo
cratic noses and roll over in bed for another
nap. In such case3 something in the way of
dessert must be offered, and it is well to be
provided not only with flics, but with
worms in various colors.
. Particular as to Their Food.
Once, up in Ligonier, the Captain states
that he was out with a large party, and they
fished for an hour or two in a large pool.
The trout paid no attention to flies, aud they
tried worms. He was the only one of the
party who, at the start, could get a bite.
Alter he had drawn out half a dozen the
party wanted to see his bait. They had
white, erub-worms, large angle worms, mis
cellaneous worms, bugs, etc., but nothing
that tempted the palate of the trout. It was
found that Captain Dalgleish had been bait
ing with a bright red worm so thin that it
had but little more capacity than sufficient
to hide the hook. The party skirmished
until it had provided itself with the same
kind ofbait,and the result was that over 100
large-sized fish were taken out of that pool.
While the trout isscareely known in this
county, it is plenty in Westmoreland, Fay
ette, Indiana, Cambria, Somerset and Clear
field counties, and, in fact, in all the moun
tain counties where the .brooks have not
been exhausted. The main trouble is that
the streams are fished so persistently that
after a few days in each season there areno
fish left large enough to be worth angling
ior. The nearest places for good sport are
about Ligonier and Confluence, though
some Pittsburg anglers do not think it much
of a hardship to go as far as Clearfield
county. '
Though some people say trout will not
fciia vet on account of the""backward spring,
i . M
the frogs have beencroaking and squeaking
for two weeks past, and in most sections fish
are supposed to bite freely when the frog
orchestra is fully tuned.
GRIP IS FADING AWAY.
Druggists and Doctors Predict an Early End
of That Malady, hut Spotted Fever Is on
the Increase Smaller Death List for This
Week. .
Yesterday's drear weather had bnt little
effect on the grip, but six new cases of
spotted fever have been reported, and it is
feared the weather will have a still worse
effect As for the grip itself, however, it is
steadily decreasing, and especially so in the
the last three or four da vs. Druggists say
the demand for prescriptions has dropped off
from one-half to two-thirds since last week,
and the doctors are predicting an end of
the epidemic in a few days unless the bad
weather continues. The health office records
also show a decrease; yesterday only 22 deaths
were reported. Of these three "were from
cerebrospinal meningitis, 1 from simple
meningitis, 5 from pneumonia and 1 from
straight grip. In the week ending April 4
the total number of deaths was 233. During
the week previous there had been 211 deaths,
but during the present week the cumber
will not reach more than 200. In the six
days now passed only 179 deaths have been
recorded.
During the week ending April 4, as has
been stated, there were 233 deaths, against
106 deaths during the corresnonding week of
last year. Of the deaths last week 23 were
caused by grip; pneumonia proved fatal in
65 cases and bronchitis in 21. Of the re
mainder diphtheria caused 5; typhoid fever,
o; cereuro-spinai lever, i, putuisis puimou
alis, 18; tabes mesenterica, 3; syphilis, 2;
rheumatism, 2; cancer, 2; meningitis, 7; con
gestion of brain, 2; apoplexy,- 4; paralysis,
2; hydrocephalus, 2; convulsions, 11; insan
ity, 1; diseases of circulatory system, 5;
asthma, 3; croup, 1; laryngitis, 2; congestion
of lungs, 4; diseases of digestive sys
tem, 9; diseases of urinary system, 4;
premature birth, 4; old age, 5; gangrene, 1;
debility, 6, and violent causes, 7. fifty
nine of the deaths were those ot infants un
der 1 year ot age, 34 were between the ages
of 1 year and 5 years; 13 were from 5 years
of age to 20 years of age; 45 were from 20
years of age to 50 years of age, 71 were be
tween the ages of 60 years and 80 years, 10
were over 80 years old, and in one case the
age was not stated.
In the Old City there were 62 deaths; East
End, 102; Southside, 43, and at 'the institu
tions, 21. In regard to nativity 110 were
Pittsbnrgers, 31 were natives of other parts
of the United States, 1 of Canada, 7 or Eng
land, 30 of Germany, 41 of Ireland, 1 of
Italy, 3 df Scotland, 4 ot Wales, 1 of Poland,
and 4 were not stated.
Among those now suffering from grip and
its complications is Sister Seraphina; the
Mother Superior of St. Andrew's, Manches
ter. She is dangerously ill from pneumo
nia, brought on by grip. Sister Seraphina
was a Miss Fitzgerald. She is an aunt of
the late Alderman Cassidy. Will Inihoff,
well known in. Jeanette, is confined to his
room on Penn avenne. Grip also carried off
Edward Engle, of Ohio street, Allegheny,
yesterday morning. He was22 years old.
The malady also continues to prevail
among the dogs, and in McKeesport the
animals are being shot as soon as signs of
sickness are noticeable. .
A RECORD of tho week's doings In local
society in THE DISPATCH every Sunday.
A newspaper for everybody.
LATE SEWS IN BRIEF.
Prof. Tyndall Is improving.
Oklahoma City went Democratic
The grip is waning in New York City.
The Swiss insurgents must stand trial.
All Buffalo school teachers have the grip.
Chicago people are buying Canadian cattle.
Rev. Joseph Cook is ill at Fort Scott, Kan.
The usurping Rajah at Simla bas been exe
cuted.
It snowed heavily In Minnesota Thursday
night
Senator Carlisle says lie is not a Presidents!
candidate.
Wind, rain and snow storms did great dam
age In Illinois towns.
The first train passed through the Port
Huron tunnel yesterday.
The Canadian envoys were well pleased
with their reception by Blaine. "
Mrs. McKee was acquitted at Borne, Ga.,
for the murder of Mrs. Wimple.
General Rosecrans is much improved In
health, and is now able to sit up.
Governor Burke, of North Dakota, pre
dicts a big wheat crop In his State.
The United States steamer Mohican has ar
rived at San Francisco from Honolulu.
A tornado at Nevado, Mo., did great dam
age to property and ended one human life.
The "BigFonr." of Chicago, bought 80,000
head of Texas cattle during the past few weeks.
Dissensions are probable in the Iowa Farm
ers' Alliance over tho Southern Alliance policy.
Twt unknown negroes have been arrested
at Evergreen, Ala., charged with train wreck
ing. The first negro of the Savannah bar was
admitted Thursday Johu H. Kiuculs, of Vir
ginia. ' ,j
The funeral of P. T. Barnum was observed
with simple ceremonies at Bridgeport, Conn.,
yesterday.
Rumored that the Northern Pacific has of
fered to sell its entire Manitoba system to the
Canadian Paciflc.
Tho fiist case of spotted fever has devel
oped in a Polish colony at Elizabeth, N. J., and
causes much alarm.
Tho American bark Payson Tucker en
countered a heavy yellow dust storm at sea, 50
miles off Cape Hatteras.
Mormons will not allow their old temple at
Kirtland, O., to be removed to Chicago and ex
hibited at the World's Fair.
Eight-year-old Clarence Robertson mur
dered bis playmate. 4-year-old Emma Straw,
with a stone, at Ricnburg, N. C.
Bismarck has not yet accepted the Reichs
tag candidacy for Gceslemunde. If defeated,
he will be nominated for Breslau.
Rev. Mr. Davis, the English dissenting
clergyman who refused to toast the Queen, is in
hot water amonp;his co-religionists.
Henry Knblman, proprietor or the Goorgla
Hotel at Dallas, Tex., has been arrested
charged with burning his establishment
A Dale county (Ga.) man named John Jones
tried to kill his U-year-old son for a trifling
offense by hanging. The urute is in jail.
Parnell's private secretary. Henry Camp
hell, M. P., has sued the Cork Herald for libel
In connection with the Mrs. O'Shea scandal.
-The people and press of Jamaica are clam
oring for reciprocity with the United States,
but their Government seems to be indifferent.
Minister Pauncefote has telegraphed to
Ottawa that Secretary Blaine has fixed October
12 as the date for the Canadian reciprocity con
ference. The Brussels Chamber of Deputies has de
cided in favor of household suffrage. Voters
must be 25 years of age at least and pay 10
francs poll tax.
A H-year-old boy at Huron, S. D.. Fred
Huntley, has been sentenced to 11 years iu the
penitentiary for killing his father, a prominent
politician, last June.
Patrick Murray, an cx-convict, who was
stabbed at Syracuse, N. ., Thursday by
Walker, the well-known colored baseball
player, died yesterday.
The Dominion Immigration agents have ad
vised their Government that the outlook for
immigration to Canada this season is more dis
couraging than ever.
The Lower House of Minnesota has passed
thn eight-hour labor bill and the elective fran
chise fraud bill, the latter prohibiting tho
solicitation ot votes.
The removal of a rail byection laborers in
their work caused a bad wreck on the Louis
ville and Nashville Railroad near Louisville.
Several persons severely injured.
J. il. Plummer & Co., dealers in rubber
goods in Boston, are financially embarrassed,
aud ask for an extension. Tne liabilities are
stated to be between 500,000 and 70,000.
The Toronto Board of Trade passed resolu
tions favoring more intimate trade relations
with Great Britain, and protesting against the
English Import duty on food products.
Thero were landed at the Barge Office in
New York yesterday 809 steerage passengers
from Rotterdam. A number of the immi
grants, whose examination proved unsatisfact
ory, were detained for further investigation.
JAPAN'S TEA HOUSES AND TEA GARDENS. J
Country Inns and Town Hotels Lovely Places to Rest Sum
mer Houses Filled With Flowers and Fairies.
There are three or four kinds of tea houses
in Japan, from the lordly native hotels
patronized by the Duke of Connaught at
Kyoto and Miyanoshita and the sumptuous
Koyokwan Club at Tokyo down to the hum
ble inns which a stranger has to put up with
in the country, and the taverns where the
Japanese disports himself in the great cities.
There are tea gardens usually attached to
the great temples. The Japanese evidently
believe in the Roman proverb, Commtcere
serio ludo, for the temple grounds are always
full of shows and stalls fdr holiday makers,
in which foods and drinks, archery, knock
ing down the gods of wealth (a species of
Aunt Sally), trained monkeys, or quack
dentists are conspicuous. Some of these tea
gardens are very beautifal, writes Douglas
Sladen to the New York Sun. There is one
at Nagasaki, terraced in the hillside, which
has its whole face covered with the ex
quisite and interminable Temple of the
Bronze Horse, eloquent with memories of
Pierre Loti's fascinating Madam Chrysan
theme, commanding a view on one side of
the fantastic mossy-thatched roofs of the
great Shinto Temple and on the other of the
green, Firth-like harbor, once black with
the bodies of nearly 50,000 Christians.
Some Historic Haunts.
There is another we loved o haunt under
the shadow of the Geographer's Monument
at Shiba. After we had been spending a
morning rambling through the temples of
the dead Shoguus, glorious with scarlet and
gold and carven peacocks and dragons, or
toiling up over sod heavy with the fallen
needles of the Cryptomeria pines, to the
bronze-colnmed shrine in the dark wood
that holds the famous gold lacquer tomb of
Hidetada, or fairing on a public holiday, or
watching the tortoises iu the Lotus Lake,
we used to haven ourselves with a sigh of
relief in this little tea garden, ou a hill with
a great scarlet pagoda halfway down its
slope, and a view across the bay, broken
in the foreground by the flimsy French
built island torts and the Japanese fleet, and
bounded on the horizon by the blue bills of
Kanozan.
The tea garden consisted only of the view
and of the broad benches with futon (cush
ions) strewed over them for the Japanese to
squat on. Every time you went there the
pretty little musume, gay with scarlet obe
and gaudy hairpins, used to approach with
a tray full of cups of tea flavored with
salted" cherry blossoms. For the mere fun
of the thing, because she did it so quaintly
and prettily, we would wait until she had
sucked in her breath and rubbed her knees
with her hands (which is the out-of-door
equivalent to the kowtow), and then send
her back with an "Irimasen: Yokohama
bieru-sake dozo" ("I don't oare about it; give
me some Yokohama beer, please"); and
then the old woman, the padrona who ran
the place, would come out, suffused with
smiles, Ior Yokohama bieru-sake cost 35
cents a bottle, and the cherry blossom tea
about 5 cents for the whole party.
A Tea Garden in a Temple.
AtKameido they have a lovely tea garden
in the tenmle of Sugawara No-Michizane,
the patron of Japanese literature. One has
to cross over tne lamous uorse-suoe unuge,
over which the arch is so steep that it has
steps like a treadmill up its Pace, to a tea
house formed by a natural arbor of wistaria
iUCU wistaria! I doubt if the world has its
equal. The arbor stands on the water's
edge, and in May, when the Fuji, as the
Japs have named the wistaria, alter their
neerless mountain, is in full bloom, the
water is swept by vast, leathery racemes of
delicate, lilac-colored blossoms three or tour
leet long, odorous of honey and buzzing
ffith bees. Jap bees have learned (very
likely the Japs have educated them, as they
educate fir trees to dwarf themselves, and
plum trees to tie themselves np into knots)
not to take the slightest notice of people who
go to drink tea in their honey orchards.
Another delight:ul tea garden is the Gwa-rio-bai,
or Garden of the Sleeping Dragon.
We went there in springtime, when the COO
queer gnarled old plnm trees, which are
supposed to look like dragons, were one
mass of blossom.
Under the trees, with their shower of fra
grant blossom, were the few benches which
constituted the tea house. The trees were
all stuck over with pieces or paper contain
ing poems, for these gardens were the former
rendezvous of the Japanese poetical Eisted
fodd. All the trees had mossy trunks, and noth
ing can be imagined more delightful than
this antique orchard.
Patience Well Rewarded.
Very different was the tea garden we went
to at Kobe on the night ot the Mikado's
naval review. A wicket marked by a great
square lantern of rather dubious reputation
admitted us into a funny little garden on the
Chinese pattern, full of lotus ponds, with
artificial waterfalls, and quaint tiny bridges,
and islands, and pagodas, and the stone
votive lanterns, Ishidoro, and fantastically
trained fir trees, and little summer houses,
which could be rendered private by drawing
the paper shoji (shutters).
., When our rikisba boys knocked and we
were admitted a little gaily dressed musnme
led us to one of tbese summer bouses, and
was proceeding forthwith to draw the shoji.
We expostulated because we had gone there
for the quaintness of the garden and not for
amorous seclusion. The expostulation was
in sigus and broken Japanese; so our
musume flew away and returned with two of
the tall iron candlestieks, a couple of feet
high, which stand on the floor and hold
their candles on the point of a spike instead
of the regulation socket, and (ob, horrorsl)
a box of "Bryant & May's" matches. She
then dropped on. her knees and waited to see
what we were going to order for the good of
the house. We ordered a bottle ot Yoko
hama beer, and sat down to listen to the
tinkle ol thesamisen wafted across the gar
den, and wait for things to develop. We
were rewarded ior our patience, because
presently the shoji, which were glimmering
behind the lotus pond and its native lanterns,
were flung open by an excited Japanese,
overheated by the sultry evening and over
eating and sake, and alternately making
love to the geishas who performed before
him, and getting irute with them for smiling
more amorously at the youuger gentlemen
of bis party. ,
Forced to Retreat In Haste.
We felt grateful to him for leeling so hot,
for his party made a most picturesque tout
ensemble. The quaint Japanese summer
house, with its raised floor, dotted with soft
futon (cushions) a couple of feet square, ou
which squatted, in a couple of crescents, a
party ol Japanese gentlemen with the regu
lar jipauese banquet before them live fish,
potatoes aud syrup, sea slugs and plains,
lisli soup and be.ui cakes, and sakel sake!
sake! and on the other side a group ol geisha
elrls, with their whitened laces and gor
geous coiffures and costumes, playing the
koto and biwa uud samiseu,and monotoning
in their squeaklittle voices, the floorbeing
dotted all over with the tall candlesticks
and the little tobacco nionos (pipe stoves)
ior smokers.
The excitable gentleman, as he heated,
was divesting himself of his clothes at an
alarming rate, so we thought it prudent to
beat a retreat, having ladies in our party.
A teahouse means a hotel, and varies from
the low-browed country hotel, which would
only make one decent room if all the parti
tion shutters were pulled ont, to real hotels
like Yaami's, at Kyoto, and the Fnjiya, at
Miyanoshita, which had good enough ac
commodation ior an English prince.
Yaami's, where the Duke and Duchess of
Connaught spent a fortnight, stands at the
head of the native hotels of Japan. It ia
situated on the hill of Maruyama, overlook
ing the great city of Kyoto, the stronghold
of the Mikados, and for 700 years the capital
of Japan.
All around are huge groves of trees, and
just outside it, separated only by a wall, is
the great and important Chionin Temple,
the parent house of the Jodo sect of Bud
dhists, and the' possessor of the mighty bell,
18 feet high and 75 tons in weight, which
shakes the hotel like a small earthquake
every time it is rung.
On the European Flan.
The hotel Itself has most delightful gar
dens, with a little scarlet shrine to "Inari,"
the "rice goddess," and fish ponds, and
waterfalls, and a clear running brook, and
tangles of scarlet azaleas and camellias al
most hiding the winding stairways of mossy
stone which lead np to the quaint beetling
gateway. Just outside the Duke's rooms
there was another little garden, or court
yard, built in on all sides, and containing
fantastic rock work, azaleas that were per
fect snowballs of blossoms, tall purple irises
and an exquisite bronze fountain,
while tall bronze storks stood about in
various postures. This tea house, or hotel,
which was three or four stories high, had
apital European rooms, with doors and
walls, and commanded magnificent views.
The furniture, was all risht Ior ns old cam
paigners bnt it must have been a change to
the Duke and Duchess to have to share one
basin iu a little wooden washstand that
could be rattled up for 50 cents, with a tin
slop pail watching them, and, at the outside,
a cane chair apiece; however, the beds wera
clean and comfortable, and there was. plenty
of variety of food, and the proprietor spoke
excellent English aud sold the Duke whisky
which could be bought down iu the town for
45 cents a bottle (charging him, I suppose,
a couple of dollar). But though it is lnnny
to look back to, Yaami's is really a very
good hotel for people to go to, the rooms are
so clean and airy and command such a
lovely view, and the food was so plentiful
and the proprietor so obliging aud our bed
room boy was familiar with the Chinese
classics and explained the allusions allegor
ized in every curio that we had bought
Something In Everything.
Japan is a tissue of allegory. The simplest
decoration ou the humblest article of do
mestic use emblemiz:s something. Every
gaudy picture that comes to America a mud
dle of red and blue and bad drawing, is an
' episode in the life of some famous person
age, jxyuiu i luu iiiusi iiiieresuu ciiy in
Japan, and Yaami's the finest of the native
hotels, but one gets, perhaps, more fun out
of the Fnjiva at Miyanoshita. The wait
resses and the baths would be quite enough
of themselves what baths they were!
made of wood about six feet long by three
feet wide, by two feet deep, sunk in the
floor, and filled with steaming water, con
veyed through two or three miles ot bamboo
piping, from the bowels of the slumbering
volcano above, Ojigoku. which, being in
terpreted, means -Big Hell." The Duke of
Connaught told me that he never enjoyed a
bath so much iu his life as at Miyanoshita.
One stripped off one's clothing and, wrapped
up in a crepe kimono, ornamented with
Japan blue palm trees and storks,
was conducted to one's bath by one
of the ravisning little musume3, scar
letkirtled and gaudily hair-pinned,
who waited at the hotel. To a shy man it
was a little embarrassing, but, in Japanese
ethics, bathing is the merest trifle. Fanny
little damsels these musumes were, with
cheeks as plump aud as rosy as ripe red
plums, and white teeth and silver laughter.
They had all sorts of engaging little tricks,
'but there never was a shadow of immorality
in the honse. Mr. Yamaguchi, the proprie
tor, was a martinet in such matters. The
Fujiva itself was a low wooden building,
only one degree removed from a Japanese
style hut, that is the part reserved for Eu
ropeans, but it leads to a charming Japan
ete part, with Shoji and Chigaidana and
Tokonoma (the guest chamber recesses),
surrounded with blossoming cherry trees,
growing out of the face of the ravine, on a
spur of which-it stood, commanding a glori
ous view oi the gorge, with its dark mount
ain river and cluster of waterfalls. In one
of the rooms there was a ceiling of firwood,
as gray as chinchilla, a color which it has
gained by being stored away for 500 years.
This Mr. Yamaguchi assured me was not
uncommon.
Prettiest Ilonntaln In the World.
At the Fnjiva the tabic was almost ai
good as the club hotel at Yokohama, pro
verbial through the far East for its cooking,
and Miyanoshita is a delightful place,
perched up in the hills almost nnder the
shadow of Fujiyama, which is 13,000 feet
high and the most beautifully shaped
mountain in the world. If one climbs over
Ojigoku, the "Big Hell," with boiling
quicksands for the unwary, one has the
sacred mountain standing right np before
one, and the bine Hakone Lake at one's
feet, and the whole gorge of Miyanoshita is
superlatively lovely with its blossoming
cherries and camellias and azaleas and
irises. Miyanoshita will always bring a
tinge of regret to us, ior it was from Mi
yanoshita, on Good Friday morning of 1890,
that, as we stood round laughing and chat
ting, the Canadian Missionary Large went
to meet his death so heroically at Azabo.
that higbt at the hands of the Japanese
assassins, whom, unarmed as he was, he at
tacked in defense of his wife and child,
though they were armed with the deadly
Japanese swords.
The other mournful event was the death,
soon after our return, of the little daughter
of Mr. Mollison, whose childish beauty,
like Millais' "Cherry Kipe," had made her
the theme of wouder there. She lived just
long enough to be chosen, lor her beauty, to
present the flowers to the English royal
party on their landing in Japan.
Much quainter and more Japanese than
either of these hotels was the liusashiya jt
Nara, a genuine Japanese tea house, but
wofully interior in comforts for the creature.
A genuine Japanese tea bouse is lacking
iu the two prime essentials of civilized life.
Bed and bread are unknown factors, and so
are milk and doors and tables and chairs
anil beer.
One has to take off one's boots before one
can co in. Rice does duty lor bread, and
sake, or the wishy-washy Japanese tea,
without sugar or milk, for drink. Meat it
never procurable, and only occasionally
fish, chickens and eggs all together; though
one can generally obtain one or the other., 4
Vow Hotels Are Closed.
What an uncomfortable night we spent at
Nara, half way Irom Kyoto! It had come on
to pour; aud we had to have our 'rikisha
hoods and tarpaulins drawn, so that we
could see nothing of the road, and when we
got to our hotel at nightfall we discovered
that we had left our passports behind, and
should have had to have gone back straight
off, i 1 my jinrikisha boy had not fold the
head of the police tnat we were frienJs otbe
English prince, aud that Count Sido, the
Japanese functionary in atteudacce on the
prince, would certainly make, a very-great,
fuss it any incivility were onerea totne
prince's friends. This, or the fact that it
was exceedingly raiuy and there weres
lady and child in the party, mollified 'Deg- "
berry." who said we must be sure toretars
KWt