WMMiMUmi. ' JM.1I Iil'E" IL'UDI .'L ' L rTSF -v .
tg5Et :-5e PITTSBURDTSMTCH. MT
, - . PITTSBURG, SUNDAY, JANTTAKY 11, 1891.
ravEmrsPHOTEST-
London's Suffering Poor Declare
That They Don't Intend to
Starve, and
DEMAND IMMEDIATE RELIEF
The Distress Is Assuming Such Large
Proportions That the Governing
Powers Are Alarmed.
SOCIALIST ORATORS AT WORK
StriYicg to Stir Up an Uprising Among the
Thousands Clamoring For Bread or
the Eight to Work.
STOJUCHS TOO CMPir TO FIGHT.
A Cccjle of Essdnd Htxgtr-Pmchtd UafarbaiitM
Scected la C&ssaig a Luge-Sixed Scut
Aeragtae Police
SHE SITUATION IS HOST DIEPEEJ.TE
rBr CABLE TO TBS DISPATCH.!
Loxdoit, Jan. 10. Copyright The
rigorous weather still continues, and the
distress among the working classes, caused
by seven weeks of frost and snow, has as
sumed terrible proportions. In London
alone, it is believed, there are nearly 200,
OOO men without work, and every city in
the kingdom reports a proportionate num
ber. Most of the local authorities have
lamentably failed in their duty toward the
suffering poor, and private charity, al
though given everywhere in generous meas
ure, has proved sadly inadequate, owing to
the tremendous magnitude ot the evil. The
Socialist agitators never had more prom
ising material for their purposes, and they
are seeking to utilize it to ihe fullest ex
tent. The Government has received informa
tion which nroves that agitators have for
weeks past been busily engaged among the
poor people, inciting them to violence.
Starving men are told ot abundance, wealth
and luxury in the "West End, and are
ujrged to seize forcibly that which they
Would never obtain by quiescent suffering.
The Goxerning Powers Alarmed.
The agitators have not so far met with
much success, partly on account ot the in
herent orderliness of the British workmen,
tnd partly because there is not one among
these sinister mentors who has had the
courage to risk a broken skcH by litadlng
the westward march. But the powers that
be are undeniably alarmed and are quietly
taking elaborate precautions for the preser
Tation of the public peace.
They have never quite recovered from the
panic into which they were thrown a few
years ago, when a mob marched from Traf
algar square along the "West End thorough
fares, smashing and looting for a full hour
almost without hindrance. Snch an oppor
tunity is not likely to be given again to the
revolutionists.
At the present moment soldiers and police
men could be massed in great force at any
threatened point, within Jive minutes of the
first alarm, and a knowledge of this fact ex
plains the cowardice of the agitators. This
afternoon the alarm reached police head
quarters that a mob was marching upon
Korthumberlaud avenue and Pall Mall,
with the avowed intention of looting the big
hotels and the aristocratic club".
Jfo Stomach for I'.ght
The warning was immediately sent to St.
George's Barracks, hard by Trafalgar
square, and the police rcsen es were sum
moned by telegraph from all parts of the
metropolis. A mob of about 200 tattered,
hunger-pinched men actually did march
along the Thames embankment, but their
stomachs were too empty for fight. They
advanced as far as the Savoy Hotel, and
there, catching sight of a strong body of po
lice, promptly followed the example of their
leader, a well-known revolutionary spoutcr,
and bolted into space.
Chief Commissioner Bradford is much
gratified at this incident, as he claims that
it gave proof of the efficacy ot his plans.
But your correspondent has ascertained that,
in order thus to ensure the safety of central
London, the wealthy resident suburbs must,
upon every similar alarm, be almost denuded
of police. If Londoners generally should
become aware of this there would be wide
spread alarm and probably panic, and it is
beyond doubt that if the revolutionists pos
sessed courage and generalship they could
do incalculable damage before troops or po
lice could reach them.
They Won't Intend to Starve.
This afternoon there have been scores of
meetings of the unemployed, and careful
organization is pro ed by the presence at
each of at least one Socialist orator. Flags
and revolutionary emblems were plentv
and each meeting gathered round a banner
bearing this inscription:
"We demand the right to labor, and don't
intend to starve."
The distress in some provincial towns is
said to be greater than in London, and not
infrequently aggravated by peculiar local
circumstances. At Xewcastle-on-Tyne, for
instance, there are said to be "four miles of
underground dwellings, with dripping wet
walls, places into which the light never
comes except when filtered through a dark
medium, ia which live workingmen and
their families." If the British working
men made of their troubles a political
question, they would doubtless obtain
prompt and generous help, judged by what
is occurring in Ireland. "
WORLD'S LABOR EXHIBITION.
The Great Project London Trades Unions
Will Carry Out.
tBT CABLE TO TBE BISPATCH.J
L03.DO2.-, Jan. 10. A scheme is on foot,
and will shortly be made public, for estab
lishing a World's Labor Exhibition in
London this year, the main feature of which
will be co-operative workshops, organized
by the various trades unions, each wort
chop eBttituU&E a separate society, work
ing for the profit of its own members. The
money will be advanced to the unionist
workers to enable them to fit up their work
shops, to buy the necessary material, to pay
the wages and to sell the manufactured
goods direct to the consumers.
The eight-hour day will be experiment
ally applied during the period of construc
tion, and in the exhibition itself contracts
for work of every description will be given
direct to the trade unions, and only union
ists, receiving trade union wages, will be
employed. Half the net profits of this
unique exhibition will be devoted to build
ing a-labor exchange in iondon, in which
will be located the chief offices of all trades
unions and other labor societies.
DENYING THE CRIME.
EYBAUD SATS HE IS ffOT GUILTY OF
THE DEATH OF BREUIL,
The Condemned Murderer Is Glad of the
Charge It Slay Mean a Respite for Him
The Strangler and Gabrielle Still Oc
cupying Public Attention.
IBT CABLE TO THE mSFJTTCH.1
Loxdojt, Jan. 10. Eyraud.the strangler,
who is awaiting the guillotine in La Eo
quette prison, is probably glad of the new
charge of murder against him, since, if a
legal inquiry is made into the matter, it
will delay his execution. However, he de
nies the crime thus far, and declares that
though he knew Brenil he had nothing to
do with his death. This admission, if it is
not made for a purpose, establishes
a remarkable coincidence, or else
helps to demonstrate the theory
that the murdered man's brother,
who makes the charge that his brother was
killed by Eyraud, was led to suspect him
because he took the name of Breuila: Lyons
when he and Gabrielle visited that town to
dispose of Gouffe's body, arguing that the
man who took another's name is apt to as
sume that of some person he had had deal
ings with. He arrived at the conclusion
that Eyraud had Known his brother because
Breuil is not a common name, and made the
charge against him.
To-day's Paris Presse publishes an inter
view between the condemned man and one
of his jailers. "Why," asked the jailer,
"did you travel so long a time under differ
ent name?, even beiore the Gouffe affair?"
"To escape my creditors," replied the
strangled The first intimation that Errand
had that he was charged with another crime
was when the jailer asked him the next
question. "But why did you select such
curious names? "Why did you tell Gar
anger that your name was 'Vannaert; and
why at Lyons, did you say it was Breuil?"
On hearing this name the condemned man
chanced color, but he replied: "It was pure
accident Breuil and Vannaert were names
of men I met here and there as I did
Garanger in America." Pressed to tell
where he knew Breuil, Eyraud said that he
did not remember, but that he thought it
ras in Paris, and that he knew nothing
nuuui ma uisappearance.
The affaire Gouffe is still the sensation in
Paris, and will be until after Eyraud's exe
cution. Already a little group of touts has
established ilsell at the Placode la Boquette,
waiting for "Monsieur Paris" to begin 10
put up the guillotine, which is the first out
ward and visible sign that the doomed man's
hour is approaching, when they will descend
into the city and sell the precious informa
tion. The Musee Grevin in Paris is exhibiting
themost ghastly work ever presented to au
enlightened public. It is an illustration of
the affaire Gouffe in several scenes. One
represents the victim with Gabrielle. while
Eyraud stands behind .the curtain with-tho
cord. The strangulation scene is presented,
and the murderer and murderess are also
represented cutting up the body and putting
it into a trunk. The last scene presents Ga
brielle sleeping peacefully with the trunk
opened beside the bed and the head and legs
of Gouffe, bound together, projecting above
the lid.
FRANCE AND THE FAIR.
The McKinley Bill May Have Somo Affect
on the Invitation's Beception.
Paeis, Jan. 10. How will the invitation
of the United States, asking France to be
represented at the World's Fair at Chicago,
be' received in France? This is a question
which is beginning to be asked in this city
in official and political circles. In this con
nection a well-known public man, whose
voice will do much to decide the matter,
said to-day:
The United States Minister, Whltelaw Beid,
will send the invitation, when he gets It, to 11.
Ribot, the Minister of Foreign Adits, who
will, in turn, hand it to M. Roche, the Minister
ot Commerce, Industries and the Colonies.
Matters similar to exhibitions are under his
control. M. Roche will lay the invitation be
iore bis colleagues, and then will be determined
what is to be done in the matter. The first
thing brought up. undoubtedly, vill be the Mc
Kinley tariff legislation. 'France, as you know,
is greatly irritated over this measure, and it
must hare some effect upon the way the cabi
net will treat the invitation.
IK LORDLY STJRRODHDIKGS.
Mrs. Mackay's Residence in a Swell locality
In London.
BY CABLE TO TUB DISFATCH.1
Losdos, Jan. "10. Mrs. Mackay has
taken Charles H. Sanfbrd's magnificent
house in Carleton House Terrace for the
seaspn. Sanford is the American who
made a large fortune in the Argentine
Bepcblio and lost some of it in the recent
crash. He had just completed a marble
staircase in his residence at a cost of 60,000,
and all its appointments were on a similar
scale of elegance. The house is in one of
the swellest localities in London.
Mrs. Mackay's immediate neighbors will
be Lords Pembroke and Brownlow. Mat
thews, the Home Secretary, lives directly
opposite, and the Duke of Marlborough,
Secretarv Balfour and the German Ambassa
dor are close at hand.
SCOTCH RAILWAY STRIKE.
Both Sides Still Remain Confident of Com
ing Ont Victor.
tBT CABLE TO THE DISPATClt.l
Loxtjon, Jan. 10. The railway strike in
Scotland, so far as the most important road,
the North B'ritish, is concerned, has not
changed much during the week. The direc
tors, after showing signs of wavering, a .pain
present an unyielding front to the strikers,
who profess an equal determination.
Manufactories and collieries are closing
evpry day, owing to the want of fuel and
raw material, and it is estimated that 60,000
men have been thrown idle. In conse
quence, fuel and food are reaching famine
prices in all the districts served by the
North British, and much distress prevails.
The company is moving passenger traffic
fairly well, however, and it may yet win.
AMELIA RIVES ILL.
The Noted Virginia Novelist Has Not Left
Her RoomrorJMontlis.1
Paeis, Jan. 10. Ameiie Bives,. the
American novelist, is seriously ill in this
city.
She has not left her rpom for six months,
and has not quitted her bed since early in
December.
The New Anglican Brotherhood.
TBY CABLE TO TUEDUrATCK.!
LoxDOif, Jan. 10. The head of the new
Anglican brotherhood will be a wealthy,
middle-aged merchant named Bobbins. He
and the Bishop of Marlborough art at pres
ent busily engaged in inquiring into the
characters and antecedents of numerous ap
plicants for admission to the order.
A FORSAKEN BRIDE.
MARRIED TO AH INMATE OF A MONAS
TERY AHD DESERTED.
The Unhappy Wife Soeks Her Recreant
Husband In Rome, but Is Not Recognized
Rescued "While Starving to Death
Treachery to a Trusting "Woman.
rBT DDNLAP'S CABLC COUTAXT.
London, Jan. 10. An instance of cow--ardly
treachery to a trusting woman has
just come from the English Colony in
Borne, in which it has created a great deal
of gossip. Ayouug Englishman of pietis
tic propensities, who is settled there, and
was profoundly impressed by the imposing
ceremonies of the Catholic church, was in
duced by some Benedictine fathers, with
whom he was acquainted, to take the vows.
Shortly afterward he quitted his convent at
Subjaco to make a visit to London, previous
to quitting the world definitely, in which
city he made the acquaintance of a young
and beautiful girl, with whom he tell
desperately in love.
"Unmindful of his sacred vows of chastity,
the weak voung man married the girl at a
registry office in St. George's parish. After
a brief and delightful honeymoon, clouded
only by the rebukes of his conscience, he
'returned to bis convent; saw his brother
monks, and in his pitiful weakness, yielded
to their remonstrances and rejoined the
order.
Two days ago the deserted wife received
a letter informing her that her husband,
haying taken the first vows, was devoted to
the Church, and could not betray his sacred
vocat'on. To this end he had retired to a
monastery in France to expiate bv prayer,
penance and mortification of the flesh, his
awful sii in marrying her while under the
shadow of the cross. The forsaken bride of
a-month rushed frantically to Borne 'in
search of her recreant spouse, only
to find that she was left
penniless in a Strang; land, and that the
crowned and robed disciples of the meet:
and lowly Jesus, who had not known where
to lay his head, would not recognize her
claim nor give her the least assistance.
Broken hearted with shame and desti
tution, the poor girl was slowly starving to
death when some charitable woman of the
Anglo-American colony happened to find
her ont and raised a subscription to send
her back to England.
A GENERAL ELECTION.
The Tories Disappointed Over Gladstone's
Continued Lease of Life.
IBT CABLE TO THE DI6PATCH.1
London, Jan.10. Another Cabinet Min
ister, Viscount Cross, Secretary of State for
India, has declared that the Government has
no intention to dissolve Parliament this
year. But the Tory election agents and
wire-pullers continue quietly and assidu
ously to work upon the assumption that a
general election is within measurable dis
tance. The' Government's original idea, it
is well known, was to hang on to office at all
the cost of dignity and prestige tor tf full
term of seven years, of which two years have
yet to run, in the hope that Gladstone's life
would not last so long. But the Grand Old
Man has proved a remarkably tougK old
man, and even in this winter, the severest
experienced during hi- 80 years of life, he
maintains his bodily strength and mental
vigor apparently unimpaired.
To allapDearauce, therefor;, Gladstone
will be aa'.at.thersptenmal act, and most
Tories are lmpatienUy'wondering why the
Government fears to fa the country at this
time when the enemy's dissensions afford a
splendid opportunity, which may not be
vouchsafed again. Political speculators
may safely place their money upon the
wire-pullers rather than upon the noble
Viscount.
PROBABLY A FAKE.
The Governor of Manila Discredits the Re
ports From the Carolines.
Madrid. Jan. lO.-r-The Governor of
Manila, the capital of the Island of Luzon
and all the Philippine Islands,cables tba the
does not believe the news now published in
connection with the troubles in the Caroline
Islands. He expresses the opinion that the
reports which have just reached America
are not founded on facts.
There is, he says, a Spanish man-of-war
permanently stationed at the Caroline
Islands, and he wonld have surely heard
from the commander of that vessel if the
trouble had been as serious as is now re
ported. A LOYAL NATIONAL MEETING.
Its Ultimate Object is the Restoration of
Grattan's Parliament.
Kilkenny, Jan. 10. The Mitchelstown
Board of Guardians have received an invi
tation from Mr. Tower, of Kilkenny, to at
tend the Loyal National Home Bule Con
vention of Magistrates, Grand Jurors and
Public Boards, summoned to meet in Dub
lin in order to re-establish the movement of
O'Connell and Butt.
The convention, it is announced, will be a
thoroughly loyal and National meeting,
having the ultimate object of restoring Grat
tan's Parliament
A HEW MALADY.
Electric Light Causes an Affection That
Greatly Resembles Sunstroke.
IBT DUNLAr'S CABLE COMPANY.!
London, Jan. 10. An eminent occulist
here has been treating a bad case of apo
plexy, which adds terror4o life, and goes to
show that electric light is capable of caus
ing a malady similar to sunstroke. The
phenomenon is new here, but familiar to
French men of science.
, At the Breuzat coal mines and iron works,
vrhere electric lights of high power are used,
there have been several cases similar to that
noticed'above.
A BLOODY AFRICAH BATTLE.
During a Fight in Senegal 400 Are Killed
on tho Native Side.
Paeis, Jan. 10. Advices received here
from St. Louis, the' chief town of Senegal,
bring the news that tbeErench troops under
Commander Archinard have carried by as
sault the fortress of Niora, belonging to the
Sultan Anmadous.
During the battle 400 natives were killed
or wounded of the 8.000 natives engaged.
On the French side SI native soldier were
killed and several were dangerously
wounded.
Toole's Australian Tour.
IBT DDNLAP'S CABLE COUPAXT.
London, Jan. 10. A private letter from
the comedian, Toole, states that he has had
a prosperous season in New Zealand, but
that his Australian tour was not very bril
liant. He will return to London in a few
weeks, having abandoned the idea of visit
ing the United States.
An Immense Syndicate.
rBT CABLE TO TUX DISPATC1L1
London, Jan. 10. A syndicate of British
capitalists has secured from the German
Government territory in German Southwest
Africa to the extent of 50,000,000 acres, with
mineral rights in perpetuity. The syndi
cate's capital is understood to be 2,000,000.
TBS WITCH OF PRAGUE.
PEAT ITS SALTATION.
An Undeveloped Resource That May
Hake Old Ireland Rich.
BDEIED IN ITS MIGHT! BOGS
Lie Clothing for Its Masses and Factories
for Every Purpose.
A KW FIELD FOR MANUFACTURING
ICOBSZ.SFOXDEKCZ OF TBE DISFATCH.l
Dublin, Jan. 2. There are ideas taking
shape in Ireland jnst now which, if carried
out, will have a very great share in com
pletely altering the face of the country, and
which will also considerably mitigate the
economic difficulties under which it has
suffered for many generations. The merest
tyros in the political affairs of Great Britain
and Ireland must be very well aware that
the economic difficulty is at the seat, and is,
in reality, the pivot of the Irish question.
The periodical missions of political men
dicants to the United States must have
proved many and many a time that there is
a vast amount of extreme poverty and cark
ing care throughout the Emerald Isle, and
from which only the moneyed commercial
and agricultural classes are exempt, Ire
land's poverty has been for a long period
the one factor ever present and ever press
ing, which has engaged the attention ot
British statesmen, and has, at times, com
pletely upset their calculations.
Ireland's Undeveloped Resources.
But Ireland is not irredeemably poor; she
has not been handicapped by Providence
and nature. Irishmen themselves, irre
spective of religious or political creed, are
united in cordial acceptance of the fact that
there are many industries natural to Ireland
in her undeveloped lesources.
Bearing this pregnant fact well in mind a
number of influential gentlemen are at the
present time engaged in negotiations for
turning to ac ount the vast ' accumulations
of peat which exist in Ireland in such a way
as to create a great national industry. This
scheme is not untried or imaginative, but
one which has been tested with such splen
did results at Maestricht, in Holland, and
Meppen, in Germany, that it has passed
beyond the stage of mere experiment into
one of potent reality and giant pecuniary
success.
It is not for one moment pretended that
this one matter is going to produce a com
mereial ulllenium in Ireland, nor is peat
suggested as a panacea forNationalistagita
tlon or alleged British misgovernment. The
promoters simply point to the fact, patent
enough to every Irishman, that peat is a
natural vegetable growth in Ireland, that it
is practically neglected, and that by such
neglect a great industry, close at hand, with
immense commercial and industrial possi
bilities, is bein wasted.
Wealth Lying Dormant (
Ireland possesses 3,000,000 acres of bog.
capable of yielding 4,000,000,000 tons of
dry peat which has been and is a dormant
source 01' great wealth, if properly utilized
in the light of recent discoyeries and scien
tific development Many of the Irish bogs
are very deep, come of them as much as 40
aud even 60 feet, but of course the average
bog is more shallow. Peat has hitherto
ouly been used as fuel and for distillation
purpose". As fuel it is only a partial suc
cess 6n accftvnt of its bulk of water, and in
pome cases in consequence of its large yield
of ash ' "",
An Irish peat' company bctween'1840 and
1860 'attem'pteAO'titlllfe'peat on arlarge""
Ecale'for distillation purposes, particularly
paraffin, but the results were so poor as to
entail a financial loss, and the Atlantic
wave of American petroleum which swept
over the country subsequently obliterated
the remotest possibility that ever existed of
turning peat to profitable account by these
methods.
The foregoing will serve to show that even
the most practical experiments up to the
present, so lar as Ireland is concerned, have
utterly failed to utilize, with permanent re
munerative results, the peat bogs which are
at present in such luxuriant abundance.
The fact of the'matterls that the experiences
of continental experimentalists in recent
years have proved-that the reduction of peat
to oil, tar and charcoal are not the highest
uses to which it can be put.
Cloth. Made of Peat
There nre infinitely great possibilities in
peat. It is a vegetable growth capable f
devotion to great purposes, hitherto un
dreamed of in our philosophy, and of bene
fitting commercially, industrially and
socially the people of Ireland. Now what
has been done is this: A couple of business
men have discovered aud applied msods
of treating fibrous peat so as to convert it
into cloth forsuitings. blankets, rugs, quills,
carpeting and druggeting, wool, tooth
powder, disinfecting powder, horse litter,
flock, pail' covers, mattings, socks, frieze,
patent fuel in the shape of briquette and
other things too numerous to mention.
At Maestricht and Meppen they have ac
complished this, beside which they have
overcome what has hitherto seemed impos
sible, viz.i The fertilization of peat lands.
They are prepared to do all this for Ireland
if a company with sufficient capital can be
formed, and there. is no donbt from present
information that there speedily will be. On
the lauds at Meppen the properties have
raised, by a certain process of fertilization
known to themselves, the most magnificent
crops. They have proved that peat land is
capable of fruitful treatment and that the
possibilities of it are not limited to the pro
duction of fibre susceptible of conversion to
manufacturing purposes.
Every Bit of It Useful.
In treating the peat at Meppen and Maes
tricht the drying process is followed by the
extraction of the fiber, leaving a pure moss
litter. Other processes follow which
convert the fibei into a soft wool as fine as
the best wadding. From the waste powder
are made disinfectants which are used in
the Paris municipal slaughter houses, mor
tuary chambers, primitive and modern
water closets, etc.. and, in addition it anni
hilates noxious effluvia, is a powerful ab
sorbent, au anti-epidemic, an unfailing in
secticide and an excellent manure. Ihis
powder carbonized makes excellent charcoal
for the manufacture of gunpowder, or smoke
less powder under another process.
To" convert raw fiber into useful manu
factures was a triumph of ingenuity. At
their model factories at Maestricht and
Meppen the proprietors have erected ma
chinery which has accomplished what had
for sometime been a gigantic difficulty.
This wasthe application ot the material to
textile purposes. The difficulties met with
iu carding and spinning had rendered sev
eral attempts abortive. These (have now
been surmounted and by means of patented
machinery that which starts as raw fiber is,
by the time it has gone through a regular
course of purely mechanical treatment, spun
and woven by' the last machine.
Bllred" With Other Fabrics.
What the machines do is to cottonize the
fiber and card and spin it into a yarn, which
may be knitted or woven and made into-a
variety of articles like any other yarn. It
may be spun pure or with an admixture of
cotton, wool, mango, waste, shoddy, or any
Other appropriate textile material. The
varus cifj behold jlo any spinner fpr manu
'jbacturings.ppjposes. All the articles have
three great recommendations :
They are antlsceptic, they are hygienic,
they are absorbent.
Possibly there is one greater consideration.
Articles manufactured from peat fiber are
just half the cost of pure woolen goods, and
they are of extreme durability. In addition
to theabove the wool fiber is dyed, bleached,
the latter, of which is a creat scientific
triumph. Ihe natural color of the un- j
dyed material is a beautiful brown. In
France many of these articles are greatly
used iu gout establishments, and one of the
valuable purposes to which peat wool can be
put is as a snrgical dressing, and various
medical uses in the same way as cotton
wool, the French army medical staff having
already discovered its beneficial utility. It
keeps wounds healthy and clean, and its
natural absorbence is helpful to a degree in
that it kills the dreaded microbe. For vet
erinary purposes it is also commanding an
extensive sale.
Will Spoil the Shoddy Trade.
As clothing for the million and as do
mestic articles the products of peat fiber are
going to solve a great economio question on
the one hand and fight natural wool for the
supremacy of the market on the other. It
will kill "shoddyout of the field. These
inventions of which we speafc have opened
up the means of clothing the half-naked
Irish folk, both on the wild Atlantic sea
board and in the depths of the agricultural
districts and mountain lands, and of enabling
them to give some semblance of comfort and
decency to the wretched hovels they call
homes. The peal industry will supply them
with cheap patent fuel and material for
packing garden and dairy produce. It will
glvo labor to thousands of people of both
sexes and all ages; it will endow Ireland
with a gigantic national industry.
Surely what is possible out of Ireland is
practicable within, among a race not lacking
in the spirit of enterprise and the quality 01
ingenuity which are the essentials of com
mercial progress and industrial success. The
Irish peasant is, as we know, rooted to the
soil upon which he has been raised, and in
this splendid industry, once opened up, he
can levy tribute upon the virgin soil which
he regards with such unalienable affection.
A great capitalist in Ireland now has the
matter under consideration and be is satisfied
that the evidence will satisfy him in point
ing his friends to the infinite possibilities
before Ireland if her great industry is de
veloped and if her leading men have suffi
cient patriotism to take Dame Nature by the
hand and turn her to account
MacLeod.
THE BOGUS MORTGAGE FRAUD.
It Is Successfully Played 'on a Man in an
Iowa Town.
Council Bluffs. Ia., Jan. 10. On the
5th of January two men, having the garb of
farmers, entered the office of a notary public
of this city, and one of the strangers, who
gave the name of George Coltbard, said that
he wished to acknowledge a chattel mort
gage. He represented himself as a resident
of Harrison county, and his companion, who
said his hame was Weaver, identified him
as George Coltbard, ot Harrison county.
As George Colthard is one of the
wealthiest men of Harrison county, the
statements ot the two strangers were takeu
as true, and the mortgage was duly
acknowledged. The chattel mortgage was
made out in favor of Weaver. It was taken
from the office of the notary to the office of a
prominent chattel loan man who bought the
mortgage, innocently supposing it was all
right )
It now transpires that the mortgage was
fraudulent, and the chattel loan man who
bought the mortgage has been swindled,
though he is not yet aware of the fact A
prominent citizen of Harrison countv is now
in this city looking the matter up. Weaver
was arrested here to-day, and officers are
now alter Coltbard. From the statements
of the Harrison county man who is after
Coltbard it is understood that the two men
who represented themselves as Weaver and
Colthard have been doing a land office busi
ness making out and selling fraudulent
mortgages,' and the chattel loan man above
mentioned as the purchaser of the mortgage
will probably find himself in numerous
.company before the matter is .silted. to the
ibotium. -A.. - v, i. , ,
SHE. MADE" FOR THE 'MUIISTEB.
A Meeting in a Colored Church Broken Up
In Disorder. '
Macomb, III., Jan. 10. A dark cloud
appears to hang at present over the Africau
Methodist Church of this city. For some
time past sociables given by this congrega
tion have been attended by young ruffians of
the white race, who made themselves so
odious that the congregation appealed to the
authorities for protection. Now there is
trouble among themselves, it seems, as the
following sensational scene, enacted the
other evening, will show. The closing
hymn was being sung, and the last verse
was "chanted," when the preacher suddenly
exclaimed:
"Sister Lizzie, I don't want you to ever
setyour foot inside of this church again."
The closing verse was then sung, the bene
diction pronounced, and the congregation
started to leave the church, but were stopped
upon hearing the shrill voice of "Sister
Lizzie" exclaiming:
"What have I done that you command me
never to come inside this church again?"
The preacher refused to tell her what her
offense had been, but repeated his request
Lizzie refused to leave the room until she
learned what sin she had committed. The
preacher relused to enlighten her, and two
young men seized her by the arms to take
her out "Sister Lizzie" knocked the
young men down and made for the minis
ter. The congregation retired in disorder.
RETALIATION PROPOSED.
A Plan to Close findson Bay to American
Whaling Vessels.
TSrZCTAX. TXLXOBAK TO THX DISPATCH.!
Ottawa, Jan. 10. Commander Gordon,
of the British Navy,and in charge of the Do
minion fishery protective cruisers, is here
making his report to the Minister of Marine
and Fisheries. He recommeuded that, in
view of the rapid depletion of the
whale fishery in Hudson Bay by American
whaling vessels, the Dominion Government
should pass legislation, closing the sea
waters for a period of ten years, so as to en
able the small whales to mature.
He also points out that these American
whaling vessels do a large trading business
among the natives in Hudson Bay, paying
no duty and coming in competition with the
Hudson Bay people who have
to pay duty. Commander Gordon also
says there is a large amount of
smuggling done in this way, and in view of
the manner iu which Canadian scaliug ves
sels have been treated in Bering Sea, thinks
that the Dominion Government should not
hesitate to protect the interests of Canada in
Hudson Bay.
A SKELETON IK THE CASE. .
A Life Insurance Company Fighting a
Peculiar Claim in Kentucky.
Louisville, Jan. 10. Charles L. Jewett,
or New Albany, has been secured 'as coun
sel for a life insurance company in a curious
case that is to be tried at the present term of
the Scott Circuit Court Several years ago
Abraham Cline, who held a 55,000 policy
on his life with this" company, disappeared
from his home at Scottburg. As he was not
heard of for some months, his family, be
lieving he had been murdered, filed a claim
against the company -lor the 5,000.
For several years the family of the missing
man could learn no clew-whatever as to his
fate, but a few months ago a skeleton was
found in a cave not far from Scottburg. The
family now claim that this skeleton is that
of Cline, and demand that the policy of
55,000 be paid. The company, resists the
claim on the ground that the skeleton found
was placed there by the family in order to
make a stronger case, and will, therefore,
make a legal fight. The case comes up in ft
few days, and promises to, be extremely in
teresting. THE WITCH OF PRAGUE.
11 TWJiKSSl
Jill Km tREE'TWS
THE SPECTACLE LONDON PBESENT3 TO THE AMEBICAN "WORKMAN.
At Mile End, London, a large number ot idle and starving workmen held a meeting, and one
of their number, named Juchau, a house painter, presided. He said: "It is all very well for
people to say. "why don't yon work r If work were provided thousands would rusa for it"
Dispatch Cablegram of Friday.
THE CZAR'S OIL FIELD
Should Not Be Underestimated by
the Producers of America.
A EETURNED DRILLER'S STORT.
Operations of the Kothschllds, Nolels" and
Other Bis Firms.
COMPETITION WITH TOE STANDARD
rCOEHESFONDENCE OF THI DISFATCH.l
New Yokk, Jan. 10. James Duffield
was a passenger on the Bothnia from
Queenstown. He 'is on his way home to
Detroit after three years spent as a driller
iu the Bussiaa oil fields. His health is
broken and he proposes to farm all the rest
of his life. Duffield had his first experience
as a driller and tool dresser in the Fleasant
ville district, in Venango county, where he
was employed, by Dr. Shamburg. I saw
bim a short time before his departure for
home and had a talk with him regarding
oil developments iu Bussia.
Mr. Duffield is of the opinion that the oil
business in Bussia has hardly been fairly
started. There is not one well there where
there are 60 in the American fields, and it
is a good thing, there .isn't or the whole
country around Baku would be covered
with oil. None of the tremendous soouters
of former days are struck, but large wlls
are.slULXound t
Vast Possibilities .Bemata
There remain, however,. vast domains
never yet touched, by the drill, and if ex
perience is good for anything, all this.fi
good oil territory. Lands as favorably lo
cated in this country would be regarded as
"sure territory." He had no doubt that
these lands would develop as large wells, or
"fountains," as were originally fonnd
around Baku and which spouted oil in such
a sensational manner.
The refining capacity is being constantly
increased, which is good evidence of the
stability of the production. There are not
so many refiners in the district as there
were, for the reason thatmany of them have
been consolidated and enlarged. In 1880
there were 200 refineries, large and small,
but at this time there are not over half the
number, while the aggregate capacity is
much greater..
Shutting; In Big Spouters.
Mr. Duffield said a peculiarity of the big
Bussian wells was that shutting them in did
not often hurt them much, if any. The
early spouters that threw out as much as
25,000 barrels a day were too big to touch.
They blew everything out of them' and
smashed everything iu the vicinity, besides
creating a Noah's flood of oil for half a mile
around. ' These kind of wells they could do
nothing with, and never tried. But with
their improved appliances a good-sized
spouter can now be handled.
He had seen one of these wells shut in
absolutely for two months, and when opened
up it was found to gush as fiercely as ever.
The big wells are shut in when the price is
depressed by the inability of the refineries to
handle it all. Then there comes a glut at
the wells, and the price drops to a ridicu
lously low figure.
Oil for a Cent a Barrel.
There have been times there, but not during
Mr. Duffield's stay, when a coin of the value
of an American Denny wonld buy 50' gal
lons of oil. "Thidk of a barrel oloil in
America for a cent, and no premium," said
Mr. Duffield, "and you will get an idea of
hard times among producers."
The death of Ludwig Nobel, the Baku
oil king, followed not long afterward by the
death of M. Shibajeff, the head of the largest
Russian oil firm after the Botbscbilds and
Nobels, occurred about the time of Mr.
Duffield's arrival. The demise of two men
so prominent in the trade created some
anxiety. It was feared that there would be
a great curtailment in business, but such
did not prove to be the case.
The Kothschllds at Work.
There is abundant evidence now that the
capital of the Rothschilds is being liberally
invested in the production, refining and
transportation of Bussian oil. It is the
Paris Botbscbilds who have interested them
selves so much In petroleum, and it appears
that they have been able gradually to over
come the unfriendliness of the Government
of the Caucasus. For a time the Govern
ment was extremely hostile to them, and
many bitter attacks upon their operations
were made in the semi-official newspaper,
Kavkas.
Mr. Duffield had a crew of men in his
charge, one of whom, a Bussian from St.
Petersburg, would translate for the Ameri
cans some of the anti-Bothscbilds articles
in this paper, and intersperse favorable com
ments as he went along. This Bussian par
took of the spirit of his Government with
regard to the encroachment of the Koths
chllds on their oil preserves, and sometimes
in the excitement of his comment he would
drift into his native language, when all
would be lost to the boys from Butler countv
and orher parts of the United States.
Competing With American OIL
There is a great deal of talk regarding the
relations of the Nobels and Rothschilds, but
it is not vouensafed to the public to know
just what these relations are. There seems
to be no doubt, however, that the "Roths
childs are large investors on their own ac
count as seen in their producing wells, re
fineries, pipe lines and ocean steamers. They
or their agents have done much to push the
trade into other countries, and with their
cheaper quality of oil have been able to
make big inroads upon the business of the'
Standard Oil Company.
Mr. Duffield found that the Russians were
very patriotlo in the matter of their oil, and
he believed many of them would prefer their
own if they knew it would blow their heads
off the next minute. A3 for the exports into
other countries, they were increasing all the
time, and it was the information aronnd
Baku and Batoum that American dealers
were having all the competition they wanted,
and, perhaps, more than they wanted.
Good Oil Versus Cheap Oil.
There was no question as to the superior
ity of American oil, but a large percentage
ot foreigners of whatever country would
buy the cheap oil regardless of its poor
quality. He learned from traders that this
was not being done as much as of former
years, but it wag still the rule. People who
have been accustomed to tallow dips or go
ing in the dark altogether are satisfied with
almost any kind of oil, but it must be
cheap. This is Bnssia's big advantage in
the illuminating field.
When it comes to manufacturing and sell
ing lubricating oil the same facts obtain.
The big house at Shibajeff are large manu
facturers of lubricating oils, turning out
millions of gallons a "year. They have
pushed their trade all over the world except
in the Uuiled States they have come into
Canada and in many important places
they have practically a monopoly of the
business. They are particularly strong in
Bngland, and among the big cotton mills of
Manchester have almost crowded out Amer
ican oils.
Hr. Duffield's message to American oil
operators is to pot underestimate Bussia.
E. W. Ceisswell.
HE WILL SHOOT BACK.
Joaquin Miner Declares War Against Tres
passing Hunters.
San Feancisco, Jan. 10. Back of Oafc
land, on the pretfy hefgbts of i'etnltvale,
lives Joaquin Miller, the "poet, with his
mother. His place is very secluded, and he
has done all in his power to keep it remote
from tourisb. But the amateur hunters,
who curse the suburbs of every large city,
are making life a burden to the poet of the
Sierras. Last year they slaughtered all his
choice imported pheasants while he was
away in the Indian country. When Ooaquin
returned and saw the ravages they had made
he was mad, swore a mighty oath that be
would shoot the next trespasser on his land
who carried a gun. He put up the follow
ing notice:
To Gentlemen These grounds are for my
own private use. where I desire absolute quiec
and seclnsion verbum tap).
To Hoodlums, Tramps and Housebreakers:
I am again stocking thesa grounds with im
ported birds. I also wish to preserve the na
tive ones. Now, as yon have no business here,
except to destroy, you will be treated as thieves
and burglars if found on these grounds, and
anyone shooting at this notice, or shooting in
this direction, will be effectively fired at In re
turn. Joaquin .Miller.
v
BOUND FOR AUSTRALIA.
Actor Sullivan Will Star Through Australia
JText Summer.
rSriCCIAI. TELZOBAX TO THE DISFATCU.1
New York, Jan. 10 .Contracts were
signed yesterday by Duncan B.Harrison and
the Ma:Mahon Bros., of Her Majesty's
Opera House of Melbourne, at the Hoffman
House, lor a tour of Australia of John L.
Sullivan, Jack Barnett, Joe Lannon, Dun
can 3. Harrison and others.
The party will sail from San Francisco
in June and will open at Her Majesty's
Opera House in Melbourne in
July They will all be under
the management of MacMahon Bros.,
who will lock after everything on this tour
through the Antipodes. The negotiations
were made-by John B. Rogers, the well
known agent The MacMahon brothers are
famous as theatrical manager'.
MHOTG IN A LARGE CITY.
Capitalists Erect a Coal Sliaft Within Kansas
City Limits.
Ivansas City, Jan. 10. "William Vine
yard, a capitalist, and John A. Gallahcr, a"
practical mine operator, will, within the
next few days, begin the sinking of a coal
shaft in the soatheastern portiou'of the city.
Good surface veins of the mineral have
been discovered along the banks of Brush
creek and on the exposed sides of hills, and
the projectors of the enterprise are confident
that it can be found in quantities sufficient
to supply the entire city.
A GENEROUS OFFER.
If Accepted, Riotous Students Can Be He
formed Through It
rurXCtAI. TELEOKAU TO THE DIS ATCH.J
Detroit, Jan. 10. Joshua Watterman,
a retired capitalist of this city, to-night
offered to give $20,000 to the University of
Michigan for a gymnasium, if the alumni or
others wonld subscribe a similar amount
Mr. Watterman is a Yale graduate, and
says ho makes the gift because he believes
that a gymnasium is the great need of the
university, and will stop the riots and dis
turbances by giving the students an oppor
tunity to exhaust their surplus energy.
ASSAULTED A SICK HAN.
A Creditor Seeks to Collect a Debt at an
Inopportune Moment.
Sheevepoet, La., Jan. 10. James
Gardner, who was sick in bed at the Cotton
Belt House, was visited by Jack Seals, who
came into his room and claimed he owed
him $7, which Gardner denied.
After some time Seals assaulted Gardner,
cutting him on the forehead and top of the
head, also cutting through two coats and
undershirts. Seals was arrested and wilt be
tried to-morrow.
THE WITCH OX PBAOUE,
KIPLING
AMERICA
The Meteoric Story Teller De
scribes His Arrival on
the Western Coast.
HE ADMITS A GRIEVANCE.
And San Francisco Is the First Vic
tim of His Revengeful Pen.
HIS 0PJKI0N OF THE KEPORTER.
The Language, the Spittoon, the Free
lunch and the Cable Car.
MS DISCOVERIES AllO.NG THE CLUBS
rWMTTEX FOB THE DISPATCH.!
Serene, indifferent to late,
Th-u sittest at tho Western gate;
Tbou secst tho wbite seas fold tbelr tents,
Ob, warder o( two continents.
Thou drawest all things, small and great
To thee, beside tbe Western Gate.
This is what Bret Harte has written of the
great city of Sau Francisco, and for the past
fortnight I have been wondering what mads
him do it Tnere is neither serenity nor in
difference to be found in these parts; and
evil would it be for tbe continents whose
wardshio were entrusted to so reckless a
guardian. Behold me pitched neck-and-crop
from 20 days on the high seas into the
whirl of California, deprived of any guid
ance and left to draw my own conclusions.
Protect me from the wrath of an outraged
community if these letters be ever read by
American eyes.
San Francisco is a mad city inhabited
for the most part by perfectly insane people,
whose women are of a remarkable beauty.
"When the Citr of Fekm steamed through
the Golden Gate J saw with great joy
that the block house which guarded the
mouth of the "finest harbor iu the world,
sir," could be silenced by two gunboats from
Hongkong with safety, comfort and dis
patch. Also, there was not a single Amer
ican vessel of war in the harbor. This may
sound bloodthirsty; but remember, I had
come with a grievance upon me the griev
ance of tbe pirated English books.
KJpllns Sees a Keporter.
Then a reporter leaped aboard and ere X
could gasp held me in his toils. He pumped
me exhaustively while I wasgetting ashore,
Geniandingof ail things in , the world news
about Indian journalism. It is an awiul
thing to enter a new land with a new lie on,
your lips. I spoke the truth to the evil
minded Custom Hou3e man who turned my
most sacred raiment on a floor composed of
stable reiuse and pine splinters; but the re
porter overwhelmed me not so much by his
poignant audacity as his beautiful ignor
ance. I am sorry now that I did not tell him
more lies as I passed into a city of 300,000
white men. Think of itl Three hundred
thousand white men and women gathered in
one spot, walking upon real pavements ia
front of plate glasi windowed shops and
talking something that at first hearing was
not very different from English. It was
only when I had tiugleJi myself' up In a
hopeless maze of small Wooden houses, dust,
street refuse and children who played with
empty kerosene tins, that I discovered tbe
difference of speech.
"You want to go to the Palace Hotel?"
said an affable youth on .1 dray. "What in
sbeol are you doing here? This is about lira
lowest ward in the city. Go six blocks north
to corner of Geary and Markey, then walk
around till you strike corner of Gutter and
Sixteenth aud that brings you there."
Tangled by the Language.
I do not vouch for the literal accuracy of
these directions, quoting hut from a disor
dered memory. "Amen," T said. "But
who am I that I should strike the corners
such as you name? Peradventure tbev bo,
gentlemen of repute, and might hit back.
Bring it down to dots, my son."
I thought he would hive smitten me, but
he didnt. He explained that no one ever
used the word street, and that every one was
supposed to know bow the streets ran, lor
sometime the names were up on tbe lamps
and sometimes they weren't Fortified
with these directions I proceeded till I
found a mighty street, full of sumptuous
buildings four and five stories high, but
paved with rude cobblestones, after the
fashion of the year 1.
Here a tramcar, without any visible
means of support, slid stealthily behind me
and nearly struck me in the back. That
was the famous cable car of San Francisco.
which runs Dy gripping au endless wire
rope sunk in the ground, and of which I
will tell you more anon. A hundred yards
further there was a slight commotion in. tho
street, a gathering together of three or lour,
sometbing that glittered as it moved very
swiftly. A ponderous Irish gentleman,
with priest's cords in his hat aud a small
nickel-plated badge on his fat bosom
emerged from the kuot suoporting a China
man who had been stabbed in the eye and
was bleeding like 3 pig. The bystanders
went their ways, and the Chinaman, assisted
by the policeman, his own.
Xo Curiosity Iicited.
Of course this was none of my business,
bnt I rather wanted to Know what had hap
pened to the gentleman who had dealt tbe
stab. It said a great deal for the excellence
of the municipal arrangement of tbe town
that a surging crowd did not at once block
the street to see what was going forward.
Lwas the sixth man and the last who as
sisted at the performance, and niv curiosity
was six times tbe greatest Indeed, I felt
ashamed of showing it.
There were no more incidenUtill I reached
the Palace Hotel, a seven storied warren of
humanity with a thousand rooms in it All
the travel books will tell you about hotel
arrangements in this country. They shonld
be seen to be appreciated. Understand
clearly and this letter is written after a
thousand miles of experiences that money
will not buy you service in the West "Whea
the hotel clerk tbe man who awards your
room to you and who is supposed to giva
you information when that resplendent in
dividual stoops to attend to your wants ha
does so whistling or humming or picking
his teeth, or pauses to converse with soma
one he knows. These performances, I
gather, are to impress upon you that he is
a free man and your equal. From his gen
eral appearance and the size of his diamonds
he onght to be your superior. There is no
necessity for this swaggering sell-consciousness
of Ireedom.. Business is business, and
tbe man who is paid to attend to a man
might reasonably devote his whole attention
to the job. Out of office hours he can taka
his coach and 'four and pervade society if ha
pleases.
A Profusion of Spittoons.
In a vast marble-paved hall, under tho
glare of an electric light, sat 40 or SO men,
and for their use and amusement were pro
vided spittoons of infinite capacity and gen
erous gape. Most of the men wore frock
coats and top hats tbe things that we ia
India put on at a wedding breakfast if wa
possess them but they all spat. They spat
on principal. The spittoons were on tho
staircases, in each bedroom yea, and ia
chambers even more sacred than these. They
chased one into retirement, but they blos
somed in chiefest splendor round tbe bar,
and they were all used, every reeking oa
ot them. .- '
Jnst before 1 began to feel deathly rick
another reporter grappled at, -"What ht
4
r,
V.