r
S
16
?rmr-
vrmm
ryi
!Sjjl
1
'THE " PITTSBTJilG- DISPATCH" SUNDAYifEOEMBER
21;
1890.
f'jpSi ,r-
DYEING ARTIFICIALLY
The Products of the- Laboratory Dave
Beached Snch Perfection That
Nature is Outdone.
CHEAP FDEL PROM PETROLEUM.
St. Lonis People HaTe Gone Half Crarj OTer
the Alleged Dealing; Qualities
of Ilectrlc Cars.
MOTORS IN UNDEEGROUXD TEANSIT.
A Ehsflt Hrthod ef EagriTfcg ca Luther irJ Wwd
Diseorered ly i Frtachnu.
tFKEPAnED FOB THE DISPATCH. 1
A revolution in the dyeing industry dates
from the discovery of the first artificial coal
tar dyestuffs. In this country there are
teveral places where the manufacture or
these products is carried on, but, as a rale,
the number of dyestuffs made in any one
place is somewhat restricted, and in some
cases the entire product is confined to a very
small number, as macenta, cotton bine, etc
In England, France, Germany and other
countries, but especially in Germany, this
industry has attained its greatest growth,
and in some cases the works are so large as
to resemble a small town or village.
The earlier artificial dyestuffi produced
shades so much more beautiful than those
produced with the natural dyestuffs that, at
first, the accompanying lack of permanency
was not so much considered. As time went
on, however, there was a reaction, and a de
mand for fast and bright colors arose, and
has of late years been maintained. One
Treat advantage in the use of artificial dye
stuffs is that in each group of those dyed in
the same tray are those which will produce
the three primary colors, so that, by proper
combination, ail shades can be produced in
. one dyeing operation.
As the natural dyestuffs do not possess
this advantage, and many of the shades pro
duced by them require tw o or more dyeing
operations, the result has been that they
liave been largely displaced bv the artificial
products, and only those which present some
special recommendations meet with any ex
tensive use. Principal anion; these are log
wood, fustic, indigo and cutch, all of which
are used in enormous quantities; but even
sow the first ana last have stronc competi
tors in the artificial dyestuffs, and it is not
Impossible that in time all the natural col
oring matters may be entirely superseded.
Electrical Invention.
The drift and tendency of electrical in
vention is an interesting thing to study.
Telegraphic inventions to-day, though quite
numerous, are bnt a very small proportion
of the thousands of electrical patents now
issued yearly. The same may do said of
telephony, although a number of modifica
tions aie made from time to time in switch
board apparatus.; but it is expected that
there will be quite an outburst of inventions
in this field during the next two years, as
the first of the controlling patents of the
telephone expires in 1893; and should any
opposition companies then startup, as it is
probable they will do by the dozen, it will
be necessary for them to be equipped
thoroughly with the most economical and
efficient apparatus. Until very recently it
was the electric lirfit that commanded the
attention of the electrical inventor, but at
the present moment the electric railway
offers it serious competition as an attraction
to inventive genius, and the Patent Office
every weet is issuing large numbers of pat
ents on electric railway motors, overhead
trollevs, overhead switches, methods of gear
in:;, traction-increasing devices, storage
batteries for traction purposes and a vast
variaty of other apparatus.
A great manv patents are also being
issued not only for electric railway conduits,
which will obviate the necessity of using
overhead trolley wires, but for conduits to
accommodate all classes of wires. It is some
rears since electrical patents have been sold
far such large sumsoi" money as were ob
tsined here and abroad for the arc lamp, the
incandescent lajnp, and the various early
forms at dynamos; but enormous sums of
money in the aggregate are being made out
of the lesser inventions of the day, and at
any minute some new departure may be
made, like that of electric welding, which
will at once bring a new art into existence,
and create an another group of electrical
fortunes. Inventions by the score are still
needed in such departments as electric heat
ing, electro-deposition of metals, the distri
bution ot currents, the working of metals by
electricity, and the application of power to
all manner of industries, and it is believed
that no better field of work invites the
cctivity of the inventor to-day than elec
tricity in its newer manifestations.
Ifcw 3Iodo of Engraving.
A French scientist has lately introduced
a. process for the engraving of designs on
wood, leather or similar materials by means
of a pencil or tool, tue point of which is
constantly at red heat. After a series of
experiments with hot irons, and platinum
ire heated by electricity, a special tool was
finally devised by the inventor of this
process, which renders the operation ex
tremely simple. The tool in question is
another application of the cautery instru
ment used by surgeons. The pencil has a
wooden handle upon which is mounted a
tmall nlafnum tube with a fine point. Two
separate receptacles communicate with the
tools by means o a rubber tube; one of
these contains a hydro-carbon, such as
alcohol, benzine or wood spirit, and the
Other contains compressed air. A constant
Sow of the hydro-carbon vapor is main
tained at the point of the tool, which is
thereby kept in a state of intense heat.
Both receptacles are provided with regu
lating apparatus, by which the supply of
ink can be adjusted or cnt off, as desired.
The operation ot tracing designs on wood
work and leather i thus simplified to the 1
utmost possible extent. A tracing of the
design is made on the article to be orna
mented, and any degree ot relief is instantly
fcflected, very little skill on the part of the
bperator being required. The new process
Srill bs of the greatest service to bookbinders,
carpenters and others, as well as affording a
Jeady means of labeling cases, barrels, etc
The Electric Car Core for Rheumatism.
Accounts come from St. Louis of the la
test craze in that city, which is to ride on the
electric car to cure rheumatism. A greater
number than would be imagined of the
crowds that fill the electric cars are people
jrho have the idea that electricity will cure
every ailment under the sun, and in St.
Xiouis these adherents of the electric faith
propaganda muster especially strong. A
condnctor on one of the street car lines is
reported as saying: "It is amusing to see
passengers on our line eyeing each other
and whispering to companions aDout the
new cure for rheumatism. If a man, woman
or child boards a car with a crutch or cane
you can hear whisper to the effect that
there is a rheumatic patient out to test the
aew cure"
To Solve the Cheap Fuel Problem.
Among the latest attempted Solutions of
the cheap fuel problem is the method of a
German inventor, who proposes to manu
facture gas by dropping a stream of erode
petroleum through a blast of cold air from
a force pump. The gas thus obtained will
,be confined in a regular cylinder open at
,one end, where it will be lighted. This
produces an intensely hot flame of several
ifeet in length. By means of this flame the
inventor proposes to heat boilers, and he
maintains that the beating of large blocks
can thus be reduced very considerably.
Unskilled Attendants.
The recent fire at the Grosvenor Gallery
station in London is commented upon by an
English electrical journal and made to
strengthen an urgent plea for the employ
ment of only highly trained and competent
men in situations of responsibility connected
with the electric lighting industry. To
show the danger of placing important In
stallations in charge of incompetent and
illiterate men, a case is instanced where a
first-class installation for several hundred
lights Is erected by an electrical firm. The
house to be supplied with current is say, a
mile away from the generating plant, which
is erected alongside of, and forms a part of
large manufacturing premises. The man in
charge is simply a boiler stoker, and his
duties include stoking two large boilers,
driving several engines and pumps In differ
ent parts and, as a sort of make-weight, at
tending to the electric installation.
The plant, except the accumulators, is en
tirely in charge of this man, but as to the
generation of the current be knows abso
lutely nothing. He doesn't know what
speed the engines or dynamo ruu at or the
difference between a volt and an nmpere.
He simply hr.s a mark on the two "gauges,"
and when he reaches these he stops the
engine What the engines are doing while
running he knows not, and as to a leakage
or short circuit he is in blissful ignorance.
The question is asked: "Is it not self-evi
dent that, unless electric lighting plants are
placed in the hands of intelligent and
trained men, disaster must, sooner or later,
be expected ? There is a general outcry
about the registration of plumbers, and an
association has been formed to erant cer
tificates of competence. Surely the charge
of electric lighting installations is of equal
importance to mending a gas pipe."
Protection of Horses' Feet.
A reputed protection for the fore feet of a
horse Is a shoe consisting of a rubber oral
band about quarter of an inch thick,
terminating at the ends in a caulk or
cushion. The general shape is that of a
horseshoe, the rubber cushions representing
the heel caulks. An iron plate goes with
this, and the heel ends are shortened to give
room for the rubber caulks. The robber
shoe, with a layer of canvas on its flattened
side, goes against the foot, and is nailed
on with the iron shoe, the hole forming au
iron plate shoe with rubber heel caulks.
When it is estimated that a horse weighing
1,000 pound, going at a 3:30 gait, strikes a
ton every time be puts down his fore loot,
it is not hard to understand that any
efficient mode of reducing the tremendous
concussion that must ensue is of the utmost
value
An Electrical Union.
The rival cities of Minneapolis and St
Paul are now united by an electrio railway
over which the cars are traveling at the rate
of 15 miles an hour, to be increased, at an
early date, to 25 miles. The cars are of the
most modern make, longer and wider than
ordinary, and are crowded the whole time,
running on about ten minutes headway. It
is predicted that this road will do more than
anything to bring the two cities together and
make one populous center of them. By
means otthis service a ride of 20 miles for 10
cents is a possibility, showing how great an
economy is effected to the public by the in
troduction of electricity. In spite of the in
numerable stops that the cars make on the
way, the running will be reduced consider
ably under 0 minutes. Some idea of the
extent to which electrio traction has suc
ceeded in cities that are more sensible and
proeressive than New York may be formed
from the fact that Minneapolis, during the
past year, has started no fewer than 11 elec
trio lines.
Electric Snow Sweepers.
The companies manufacturing electric
snow plows and sweepers are said to be
just now overwhelmed with orders. The
value of these appliances in dealing with
large quantities of snow has been so thor
oughly demonstrated that improvements on
even the latest machines are being brought
out almost daily. A new snow plow for
electrio street railways differs in many
respects from the old-fashioned, cylindrical
shaped broom, revolving beneath the body
of a truck and throwing the snow and dirt
in all directions. It consists of an ordinary
car trues: equipped with two motors, one of
which propels the car, while the other re
volves two sets of shovels. The snow on the
rails is picked up1 by a circular box, from
which the revolving shovels take it up and
throw it out through a spout. This snow
plow can be operated equally well by night
or by day, and Is said not to interfere with
the regular traffic upon the streets.
The Manufacture of Plate Glass.
The casting table of a plate glass factory
is about 20 feet long, 15 feet wide and 7
inches thick. Strips of iron on each side
aflord a bearing for the rollers, and deter
mine the thickness of the plate to be cast.
The molten glass is poured on the table and
the roller passing from end to end spreads
the glass to a uniform thickness. The glass,
after cooling rapidly, is transferred to the
annealing oven, where it remains several
days. When taken out it is very rongh and
uneven, and in that state is used for sky
llchts and other purposes where strength is
desired rather than transparency. The
greater part of the glass, however, is ground,
smoothed and polished.
Electricity for Underground Traction.
The success of the new City and South
London Hallway has given a tremendous
impetus to electric traction in England, and
apropos of the electric locomotives which are
used on the new line, a London paper says:
"Ope great benefit of the electrio railway re
mains to be mentioned. It sounds the death
knell of steam locomotive underground lines.
As soon as people realize that electric rail
ways ean'work properly, the steam locomo
tive mast j:o from all short lines."
Trinidad, CoL,
Is attracting the attention of investors from
all part of the United States. Send for in
formation to the Trinidad Land and Im
provement Co., Trinidad, Col. sa
We have no desire to be egotl sticai la
valuing our own goods, but we assure the
public that a trial of our old "Log Oabiu"
rye whisky will give complete satisfaction.
Put up in full qartaat75c or in cases
containing one dozen dottles $8 00.
T. D. Casey & Co.,
971 Liberty street,
wan Corner of Tenth.
Holiday Handkerchiefs,
Initials, embroidered, hemstitched, 10o to
3; silk handkerchiefs, 25o to $1 0, in great
est variety. Hosenbaum & Co.
Plush jackets and sacques at nearly half
price, at Bosenbaum & Co.'s.
AMUSEMENT ADVERTISE
MENTS usually appearing on
this page will be found to
day on the Fourteenth page.
no2-117
MEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
RUBEN'S HOLIDAY HATS
Are Superb and Particularly Suitable for Christmas Gifts,
Ik i r SB talB
m I ill
-L.QX, jjv.iir.j. juva, THE VN10N SQUARE,
f J. SI. 85. SO. II SI 90. S3 40. K 90.
Or would you prefer a real Alaska Seal Cap? We caq
give you a choice at $3 '50, $5, $6 and $8. Gloves and
Gauntlets in Seal, Otter and Beaver, at $4, 5, 6 and $8.
Oregon Seal Caps at 87c, 98c, $1 90 and $2 40. A superb
line of Gents' Fine Furnishings. See us on Umbrellas; our as
sortment is matchless.
The Hatter and Furnisher,
RUBEN,
421 and 423
Smithfield St
de21-WTSa
TO EVERYBODY
IT IS OUR SINCERE WISH THAT THE PRESENT SEASON MAY BE A MERRY
ONE TO EVERYBODY IN THE ENTIRE COMMUNITY.
0
M
tj. . t
gsf:"
ft
um
I Hi: MODS ILLS
e o
e o
ACTA (MIS If HIS GLORY!
WILL HOLD TlXt
?uxr
1 ii'JiilBS
ieak
;s?
lw.
.I-i-VMU nK
Fk-. - - t smmm
MtB&MS
GRAND ANNUAU CARNIVAL. RGPTI0N3!
AT GUSKT'S BIG AUDITORXU
'ON MONDAY AND TUESDAY, DEC. 22 AND 23, FROM 9 A. M. TO 12 NOON, FROM 2 TO 5:30 P. M., AND FROM 7 TO 8:30 P. M., AND ON
WEDNESDAY (24th) FROM 9 A. M. TO 12 NOON, AND FROM 2 TO 5:30 P. M. ONLY.
M
mm
A
LL good children, accompanied by their parents, are specially invited to attend these receptions. Santa Claus
not only promises to delight them, but will give them a chance to see the beautiful presents which he will give
to the orphans in the asylums of Pittsburg and Allegheny on Christmas Day. Elegant decorations, good
music, lots of fun, and each child will be presented with a fine box of candies.
A
LLTHE WAY FROM THE CRYSTAL PALACE, LONDON, ENO, PROFESSOR
PUNCHENELLA, With His Laughable Manakins.
The Professor will appear daily and afford an endless amount of fun for young and old.
RECEIVED WITH SHOUTS OF LAUGHTER EVERYWHERE.
CHRISTMAS MOBNING, AT 9 O'CLOCK, SHARP, SANTA GLADS WILL LEAVE GUSH'S
FOR HIS NINTH GRAND ANNUAL TOUR OF THE ORPHAN ASYLUMS OF PITTSBURG AND ALLEGHENY.
ALLEGHENY DIVISION:
Ridge Avenue Orphans' Home, 9:30 A. M.
Colored Orphans' Home, Greenwood avenue, 10:30 A. M.
Womans' Christian Home, Locust street, 11:30 A. M.
United Presbyterian Orrhans' Home, Monterey street, 12:30 P. M.
Allegheny Day Nursery, North avenue and Federal street, 1:30 P. M.
Allegheny Day Nursery, 51 Diamond street, 2 P. M.
Allegheny General Hospital, Stockton avenue. 2:30 P. M.
Protestant Boys' Home, Anderson street, 3 P. M.
Home of the Friendless, Washington street, 3:30 P. M.
Little Sisters of the Poor, Washington street, 4:30 P. M.
Home of the Good Shepherd, Troy Hill, 5:30 P. M.
St Joseph's Orphan Asylum, Troy Hill, 6:30 P. M.
HE procession will be a fine one. In the van will be Santa Claus
in his State Coach, drawn by six beautiful steeds, followed by car
riages containing representatives of the Press, together with many
prominent ladies and gentlemen, who have signified their desire
to see the presentations to the orphans, the rear being brought up
with twenty-five gaily decorated wagons, loaded with the Christmas
presents.
The route will be along Market street to Sixth street, thence over
the suspension bridge, up Federal to Ohio, down Ohio to Marion, to
Ridge Avenue Orphan Asylum, and on to -the Homes named.
The Pittsburg division will go wittt the Allegheny contingent to
Ridge avenue, and will return by way of Seventh Street Bridge, proceed
ing to Smithfield Street Bridge and on to St. Michael's South Side, where
it will arrive at 11:30 a. m.
PITTSBURG DIVISION:
St. Michael's Orphan Asylum, South Side, 11:30 A. M.
Homeopathic Hospital, Second avenue, 12:30 P. M.
Children's Temporary Home, Washington street, 1:30 P. M.
St. Paul's Orphan Asylum, Tannehill street, 2 P. M.
West Penn Hospital 4 P. M.
Episcopal Church Home, Fortieth street, 5 P. M.
Little Sisters of the Poor, Bloomfield, 6 P. M.
German Protestant Orphans' Asylum, West Liberty Borough,
presents taken to Sixth avenue and Smithfield street.
Children's Aid Society; presents taken to Dispensary Building, Sixth
avenue.
Only Three Days More to Fill the Stockings
4'
OCR STORE IS THE PLACE TO FIND THE GOODS TO DO IT!
Oi Mai
1 M is CnriH
11 Dfeiiii
IMMENSE VALUES FOR THE NEXT THREE DAI8!
With Clothing for Men and Boys, Hats, Shoes, Holiday Slippers, Choice Furnish
ings, Umbrellas, Smoking Jackets, House Coats, Bath Rob'es, Fur Caps and Gloves,
Jewelry for gentl emen, and thousands of fancy articles from a quarter of a dollar in
price to a quarter of a hundred' dollars. The magnitude of our sales enables us to
buy and sell at wonderfully close prices.
ft
WE SHALL BE OPEN TO-MORROW AND TUESDAY NIGHTS UNTIL 8:30 O'CLOCK AND CHRISTMAS EYE UNTIL 11 O'CLOCK.
Send your; address for a copy of the Grand Christmas number of our Illustrated Paper. It's a daisy, brimful
of wit and humor and elegantly and artistically illustrated. .
GUSKY
J
5
300 TO 400
MARKET, ST-
GUSKY'S.