f- '22' l ' X THE.
TWO NEW SENATORS
The Twin flnsllers From the New
State of Wyoming and Their
Interesting Careers.
WAUKEN A MAN OP MANY PARTS.
He Claims His State Got the Worst of the
Census Count and Cites Its
Kalnral Advantages.
THE ALLIANCE AND 11 S POLITICS.
Bettors for til Great Protjoity tut Seal Eattte Booms
of Wulingtoa.
ICOnREEPONDEXCE or the msrATcn.1
Washikgtoj.-, Dec 13. The United
States Senate opens this year with two full
grown babies. These are the twin Senators
from the new State ot Wyoming. They arc
both bright fellows and they promise well.
Senators Carey and "Warren are of the
same age, both were born in the East, both
have made money in Western stock raising,
and both come from the capital of the new
State, Cheyenne. Senator Cany has a good
standing here as a territorial delegate. He
has served five years in Congress, and he is
as straight as a string and as bright as a
button. He has studied the machinery of
Congressional legislation, and he goes into
the Senate well equipped for his duties.
The most interesting of the new Senators,
however, is Governor Warren. He is en
tirely new to Washington, and his only
political service has been as Governor of
Wyoming Territory, Mayor of Cheyenne,
and as one of the leading politicians of his
section. He is a man with a history, and
his life has been typically American. His
father was a Massachusetts farmer who be
lieved that all the learning a boy needed
was comprised in the mastery of the three
It's, "rejdin, ritin, rithnietic."
LEARNING Br A TALLOW DIP.
When young Warreu was 13 years old he
had to a certain extent mastered these, and
he wanted more schooling. His father told
him that if he got it he would nave to earn
it, and he let him hate his time for himself,
from that age until now Warren has made
his own living. He not a good education
by working in the summers and going to
school in the winters, and the most of his
les&ons were studied by the lieht of a tallow
dip. away up under the roof in his attic
room in his grandfather's house, where he
boarded. He had progressed well in his
academical stud'es when the war broke out,
and he wjs at this time about 16 years old.
He wanted to enlist at once, but his father
sent him word prohibiting it, and, accord
ing to the laws of Massachusetts, he had to
be considerably older before he could go
without his father's consent.
Hewasjinderc ntract to work for his
master until he was 18. But on his 18th
birthday, the 23d of June, 1862, he came
into town with a load of cheese, determined
to go to the war. There was a meeting in
the town hall that night for recruits and
Senator Warren tells me that when he went
in he saw his father there and he was airaid
he might prevent his enlistment.
WEST WITH A rATIIEn'S BLKSSIXG.
He was also backward because a bounty
of $150 had been offered for volunteers, and
be ieared it would be thought he went into
the army for the bounty. When the re
quest lor recruits was made, however, he
found himself on his feet before he knew it,
and as be started up for the front his father
stood by his side and took his arm and
walked with him saying that be had not
wanteu him to go be.'ure; but that he was
a man now, and he had confidently expected
to findhim here and that he went with nis
consent and his blessing.
So young Warren started out to battle.
He was only in service about a year and had
been offered a commission, when sickness
drove him home to Massachusetts. He had
lor a time charge of the largest dairy farm
in that part of the country and was making
a high salary for New England, when he de
cided to go est. He stopped in
Iowa, workid there for a time, and then
went on to Cheyenne. He had no money to
speak of, but he got into merchandising and
cattle raising, and gradually increased his
capital by successful turt.s and by his
knowledge of slock, until he is now one of
THE RICHEST OF CATTLE MEN.
He is the President and the chief stock
holder in tne Warren Live Stock Company;
and this companv has 100,000 sheep,
3,000 cowi, and about 2.000 horse-. It has a
flock of 5,000 Angora coats, and it has some
of the finest imported rams in the United
States. It owns 100,000 acres of land,
and it is increasing the number of its
animals right along. Wyoming is a State
ot thousands of hills, and Warren may weil
be called the Job oi the Senate, lor his
cattle roam o er the best of them. He is
like Job, too, in his other possessions, lor he
isa man of niaur interests. His merchandis
ing interests extend over the whole State,
and the Cheyenne house has agencies in
Salt Lake and Ogden. He has interests in
the electric light plant of Cheyenne, and
there are few business interests in the city
with which he is not connected.
Let me tell you how this Wyoming
Senator looks.
I called upon him last night in his room
at the Arlington Hotel, and onnd him a
good-looking fellow oi about 46 years of
age, dictating like mad to a tipenriter, who
took down bis words on a machine that
rattled like a cornsheller. The Senator le t
off his dictation upon my entrance, but the
infernal clicking went ou during our con
versation. HOW THE SENATOR LOOKS.
Senator Warren is about six feet tall and
his lorm is as straight as the straightest
pine which hugs the Wyoming slopes of the
Bocky Mountains. His shoulders are as
broad as are Western ideas, and his chest
has been made deep and full by the rarified
air ot Cheyenne which contains, I am told,
SO times as. much ozone as any air east of the
Mississippi. Senator Warren is a blonde.
His hair is of a light brown. His eves are
blue and he has a luxuriant straw-colored
mustache, which comes well down over a
strong and clean-cut mouth. His forehead
is high and broad, his nose is straight, and
his face is, on the whole, rather handsome.
He dresses well, talks well and will, I
judge, be a man or more than ordinary
weight on the Senate floor. I asked him as
to tne present condition ot the new State.
Said he: "The State ot Wyoming is" in
creasing in population right nlong. It is
true the censns gives uionly '60,000, but we
had only 15,000 in 1870, and I think our
population to-day is really about 100,000.
We have a great many out-of-the-way towns
and districts tu which it was hard to get au
accurate census.
IRON", COAL AND OIL.
"Our State contaius about 90,000 square
miles, and you could lose the six New Eng
land States inside of it. Some ol our county
seats are 175 miles from a railroad. Ne
vada is decreasing in population, but our
population will steadily grow, and we will
h ive, I think, one of tne' great States of the
Wet. We have one of the richest mineral
re; ons in the United States. Our coal and
iron ill eventually make us a rre.it man
ufacturing State, aud'we have 30,000 square
miles of good coal. Some of our iron can
not he surpassed in quality and quantity,
and we have copper and lead and gold and
silver.
"We have considerable agricultural coun
try, and it the Government would give
Wyoming its arid lands, stock companies
could be formed for its irrigation and great
tracts of desert could be made to blossom
like the rose. We have some of the richest
oil regions in the United States. I have
teen oil wells which would throw a stream
60 feet in the air, and there are in parts of
the State ponds of-oil-efght'feet deep, where
the oil has run out from natural wells and
has been caught in basins. It is not really
known how valuable Wyoming is, and the
State is in its babyhood, materially as well
as politically."
TLUMB HOPES TOR INGALLS.
Senator Plumb tells me Chat Ingalls will
probably be returned to the Senate, and that
lie has a number of friends among the Al
liance legislators which, in addition to his
Republican friends, will secure his election.
Senator Ingalls himself will sav that b'e
considers his success certain. There is a
general desire here that Ingalls be returned
to the Senate, and expressions of this kind
are common even among the Senators who
have been the most bitterly attacked by bim.
The newspaper correspondents without ex
ception are auxious that he should remain,
as he furnishes better descriptive material
than any other man in the body, and always
has a new idea to offer upon every subject
that comes up.
I hud a general impression that the Alli
ance party will be ephemeral, and that it
will not have much influence on the next
election. Senator Plumb said last night:
"You can't tell what will be the state of
things two years from now. Times may be
better, and the effect of the McKinley bill
may show that it will be a good rather than
a bad thing for the country. The Farmers'
Alliance party will have a number of offices
to distribute. Its leaders will probably
quarrel among themselves, and it may all
go to pieces before the Presidcntal election."
POOn-POOHING THE ALLIAXCE.
Judge Tyner, ex-Postmaster General, Tind
now Attorney General of the Postoffice De
partment, thinks with Senator Plumb, and
be says it reminds bim of the granger move
ment which struck Indiana about the time
he ran for Congress. He was advised not
to accept the Republican nomination on ac
count of the strong farmers' element of the
district, which would certainly 'be against
him. He took this advice, and another man
was nominated. He was a weaker candidate
than Tyner, but he was elected because. (be
grangers fought among themselves, and
could not at the end agree upon a candidate.
Boswell P. Flower thinks the Alliance
has too many crazy ideas as to fiat. money,
etc , to hold itself together, and George O.
Jones, who was the Greenback candidate for
the Presidency some years ago, believes that
the old Greenback element will" unite and
that they will rally around Senator Stan
lord as the next candidate for the Presi
dency. I called on Senator Sanders, of
Montana, last night. He says there are no
Alliance people in Montana, and ventures
the statement that the Alliance party will,
within two years, be a thing of the past.
MUST BE ABOVE BOARD.
"The people of the United States," said
he, "will not support any party which holds
its meetings in the dark. Such'actions are
against the spirit of American institutions,
and they are a part only of the craze'of the
times. We are growing insane over secret
societies. If you will go into any crowd
you will fiud more buttons and badges than
you can count, and it would take more
learning to read their meaning than it
would to write a history of Moses and the
prophets.
"Parties have been in a transition state
for the last ten years, and just now there is
going on all over the United States a disin
tegration of parties and a change of social
conditions, which make it almost impossible
to prophesy lor the lutnre. This is an age
of trusts, of false values and of great fort
unes It is an age of fortunes made dis
honestly, and it would seem to me that a
day of reckoning must come sooner or later.
Our great corporation values are based on
false estimates. Our railroads are operated
so that their directors and managers and
great proprietors are little better than
thieves in regard to the public, and the bal
ance sheet must be made up sooner or later.
As to the Alliance party it is only an evi
dence of the discontent."
FORTUNES IN REAL ESTATE.
New railroads are being built out from
"Washington in every direction. Three new
eltc ric lines are being constructed and the
rails are already down between the Treas
ury and the Patent Office of the new G
street line, and cars will be running, it is
said, by the 1st of January. The business
part of Washington is changing. A few
years ago all of the chief business houses
were on Pennsylvania avenue. Now the
F street property is the most valuable busi
ness propertr in tb? city. Hon. John W.
Thompson, Washington's millionaire bank
er, bought last spring the corner of F and
Thirteenth street, just below the Ebbitt
House, and paid $225,000 for it. This was
considered an immense1 price, but Mr.
Thompson went off to Enrope during the
rummer, and, after a nice trip through
Norway and Switzerland, returned a few
d ivs ago and sold his properly lor 5350,000,
making $125,000 off it in six months.
The G street railroad has made a great
boom in G street property, and it will soon
be as busy as F street is now. The owners
of residences along it have grown rich, and
houses which three years ago were worth
53,000, are now worth" 525,000.
QUITE -A SUBSTANTIAL TOWN.
General Denver, the man alter whom
Denver was named, tells me that his land
lady was the other day offered $51,000 for a
house which she h id bought for 54,000, and
there is a negro woman who owned a little
55,000 property on F street some years ago,
who ha made 575,000 on it. Ex-Senator
Buckalew, of Pennsylvania, and General
Denver were chatting together last night of
the wonderful growth of Washington and of
its elements of prosperity.
"The people outside ot Washington," said
General Denver, "can't understand it. They
say the town has no manufacturers, no
water front, and no commerce, and they
cm t see anything to mace it grow, it has,
in fact, the biggest lactones in the United
States, and its hands are the best paid.
There is the Treasury factory, with its 3,000
employes receiving an average of about
51,000 a year. There Is the Interior De
partment, which has 3,000 or 4,000 more
high-priced, bands. And there is the Pen
sion Office, the War, Department and the
dozen of other governmental institutions
which must increase in size, and which dis
tribute millions of dollars here every
month."
LOTS OF MONET SPENT.
"Yes," said Senator Buckalew, "and there
is Congress, with its 400 men getting 55,000
salaries and spending more than 55,000 a
year heie on the average. There are the
thousand odd people who hang around Con
gress wanting to get something out of it, and
there are the nabobs who are coming here
from all parts of the country foe their winter
residence, and spending here the income of
their millions. There are millions of dollars
spent every year in a social way, and Wash
ington has, I believe, the best elements ol
growth of any city of its size in the
country."
" "Yes," said General Denver, "and the
transient element of Washington brings a
great deal into the city. Every inaugura
tion brings 100,000 strangers, and he is a
mighty close calculator who can pass
throueh Washington without spending at
least 520 on the way. Washington gets
53,000,000 out ot every inauguration, or an
average ol 5500,000 a year from
this source alone, and it has conven
tions of all sorts from week to week, year in
and year out. To-day it is the dentists, to
morrow it is some branch of scientists, and
the next day it is something else. It is a
city of low taxation and of fair taxation,
and it will be the Mecca of the capitalist
for years to come."
Frank G. Carpenter.
An After-Dlnner Man.
New York bunTj -
"Depew," said an enthusiastic admirer of
the genial Dr. Ghanncey M., "is the best
attex-dinner man in the world."
"You do him an injustice," replied his
friend. "Do you know that an 'after-dinner
man' is really a deep drinker? Head up
and you'll see, and, having seen, you won't
malign a great public man by any such
charge as that again."
The friend was right An "after-dinner
man" is really the old English idiom, for
the hard drinker."
i Alter
THE REALM QF RHYME.
GARXEIIED FOR THE' DISPATCH.
A Trifling Correction.
An Old English Epigram.':
Bays Tom, who held great contracts of the na
tion, "I've made ten thousand pounds by specula
Hon."
Cries Charles, "By speculation! you deceive
me;
Strike out the s indeed, and I'll believe thee."
An Oriole.
By Mrs. Mary E. Blake.
A dazzle of yellow, a quiver of wines,
A flash like a beam from .the -sun's rays
shaken.
And high on the tree tops an oriole sings,
Dizzy wltb gladness, like hearts afloat
On an ocean of love, in a fairy boat.
While the Joy bells of life pntohliss awaken.
Only an instant, and then away
Like the flight ot a thought through the sum
mer weather;
But still and forever the song shall stay;
To wake in my soul through the winter's
night ,.- .
The rapturous thrill of that keen delight,
When it and the oriole sang together.
The Dreams of Youth. '
Nora Perrr, in Brooklyn Standard-Union. 1
The daisies blow, the roses grow
In garden, field and wood.
And care is sweet, when youth 1 sweet,
And God Is very good.
1 still must weave and still believe
My dreams will all come true;
For hope is bright, and sorrow light,
When lite is fresh and new.
Love Can Tell.
Cape Ced Item.
Say 'Papa,' darling," the mother cooed.
lc opened its big eyes blue.
With wondering eyes the visitor viewed,
And laughed and said Goo-goo."
"Say 'Mamma,' darling." the mother said;
"Say 'Mamma,' sweet one, do,"
It tugged at the hair ot its enrly head.
And laughed and said "Goo-goo."'
"Now say 'Goodby,'" and the mother smiled
With a joy that was pleasant to view;
"Now say Uoodby,' V and tho winsome child
.Responded and said "Uoo-goo.' , . .
Then the mother embracing the little dear,"
And kissed it again and again,
As she gurglingly said -Did you ever hear
A baby that talked so plaint" . . -
Novels, Oh, Novels, Oh, Novels!
From the Library Journal. I t "
At a library desk stood some readers one day
Crying, "Novels, oh, novels, oh novels!"
And I said to them: "People, oh, why do you
say
Give us novels, oh. novels, oh, novels?'
Is it weakness of intellect, people." 1 cried,
Or simply a space where the brains should
abidef
They answered me not, for they only replied:
"Give us novels, oh, novels, oh, novels!"
Here are thousands of books that will do yon
more good
Than the novels, oh, novels, ob, novels!
You will weaken your brain with such poor
mental food
As the novels, ob, novels, ob, novels!
fray take history, music, or travels, or plays,
Biography, poetry, science, essays.
Or anything else that more wisdom displays,
Than the novels, ob, novels, oh, novels!
, .
A librarian may talk till he's black in the face
About novel, ob, novels, oh. novels!
And may think that with patience be may raise
the taste
Above novels, oh.'-novels, oh. novels!
He may talk till with age his round shoulders
are bent
And the white hairs of time 'mid the black
ones are sent.
When he hands his report in, still 70 per cent
Will be novels, ob, novels, ob, novels!
No nope for English Literature,
3. TV. Foss In the Yankee Blade.
At the debatln' club las' night we all discussed
aenre
"For the debilitated state of English lit'ra-
chure.",
"The stuff theft writ for folks," I said, "don't
move 'em an' dellcht 'em.
Because the folks who write the things, don't
know enough to write 'eni."
"The folks who-wnte. they stuff their heads in
some big cyclopedy,
W'ch ain't no place fer mental food to feed the
poor au' needy;
They're huntin' on an em'ty shelf, like poor ol'
Mother Hubbard,
An' go right by the open door of Mother
Natur's cupboard.
"They crawl into come libery, far from the
worl's inspection.
Bury themselves in books beyond all hope of
resurrection;
They cry out from their tombs, in w'ich no sun
nor star can glisten,
An' weep because the liv'n' worl' don't fin' no
time to listen."
Then Elder Pettcngell he asked: 'Canyonsug-
cest a cure
For tho debilitated state ot English lit'ra-
chure?"
"Ain't none; our authors' ignorance is far too
dark for lightnin', ,J
While we ho know enough to write haitft got
no time for writinV '
A November Note.
Alfred Austin In the Spectator.
L
Why, throstle, do you sing
In this November hazer
Singing for hat? for whom?
Deem you that it is spring.
Or that your woodland lays
Will stave oS winter's gloom!
n.
Then did the bird reply:
"I sing becanso I know
That spring will surely como;
That Is the reason why, 1
Tboucb menaced by the snow,
Even now I am not dumb.
in.
"But few are they that hear.
And fewer still that reel.
The moaning of my song;
Until tho note be clear.
Re-echoed be the peal.
Early and late and long.
rv.
"But you have heard and owned
The sound of my refrain.
Yet tentative nnd low.
Thus, post, be iiitoned.
Your own loresbadowlng strain.
Trusting that some will know:
v.
That some will know and say.
When greetings of the spring ,
Wake winter from Its bed;
This is the self-same lay
We overheard him sing
When dead h ear's deemed bim dead.' "
Old Man Thurman.
Oeorce Horlon, In Cleveland l'lalndealer.
Allen G. Thurman usually addresses his
wife as "Sweetheart."
A song for old man Thurman, t
1 And sing it clear and strong; '
Bis life has been a sermon,
Now let it be a song'.
And this shall be its burthen "'
To give us greatest joy,
He calls bis old wire "Sweetheart,"
And loves her like a boy!"
v
There is no fairer story
In all our nation's life;
No better, purer glory
In all Its peace and strife
True is I hat man and steadfast.
Fine gold with no alloy.
Vr ho call hi old wife "Sweetheart,"
And loves her like a boyk
Who cares for his position
On questions ot the day?
He has a higher mission,
A nobler Dart tu play!
Smiling ahd patiebt ever.
Though age and pain annoy.
He calls bis old wife "sweetheart."
And lores her like a boy!
?
A fig for flowery diction
OfinecKnu eloquence!
A fig for all the nctlon
OI wealth and vain pretense!
Here Is a man whose glory
No envy can destroy
He calls his old wife "Sweetheart,"
And loves her like a boy! '
We well could spare the splendor
And tinsel of these days.
Glrrf us true hearts and tender,
And plain, old-fashioned ways!
Of men like Allen Thurman
This world will never cloy.
Who calls liu old wife "Sweetheart,"'
a-ou loves uer ue a uoyi .,. ...
EITTSBUKG DISPATCH,"
LIGHT FROM'THE ARC.
An Explanation of the Electric Lamp
Used in the Streets.
THE SODUCE OP ILLUMINATION.
How the Carbon Points Are Kept the Be
quired Distance Apart.
THE CAUSE OF THE FLICKERING
rWSlTTEN TOO. TBI DISPATCII.l
In describing incandescent limps we
have shown how that in the lamp filament
the electric current, or better its energy, is
transformed into white heat through the
friction between the current and the fila
ment. "The light of the arc lamp ig pro
duced in the same way except that in this
lamp there isa combination of effects
namely, the white heat of the carbon tips
due to the passage of the current to and
from the air, and the" white heat of the air
due to the passage of the current through it.
The ordinary arc lamp consists of two
vertical carbon pencils about a half an inch
in diameter and 12 inches long placed end
to end, with about a quarter of an inch air
space between these ends, and a suitable
electrical device for automatically keeping
this quarter of an inch air space
while the carbons slowly burn away. If we
firmly fasten two arc light carbons in the
positions Just described and force about ten
amperes of current to pass through from one
carbon to the other, that is jump the air
space between them, a light of dazzling bril
liancy will be formed between the carbon
ends.
THE THEORETICAL AKC LAMP.
The electrical and mechanical details of
an are lamp are many and complicated and
could Dot possibly beentered into here, but
the main principlesinvolved will be readily
understood from figure 1, which represents
a purely theoretical lamp. Let "D" repre
sent the dynamo, "A' its positive pole and
,"b" its negative; "g" and "h" are the
carbons and these are connected, one to one
pole of the dj namo and the other to tne
other pole of the dynamo as shown and indi
cated in the figure by the wires and signs,
plus and minus.
Between "j" and "e" there is represented
a solinoid or coil of wire; inside the solenoid
there is a loose iron core, which is attached
to the lower carbon. The solinoid is con
nected to the circuit on either side of the
two carbons, as shown nt "c" nnd "f." If
now there is an electric current generated at
"D," the current will start from "a" and
go to "cj" at "c" the current will divide,
part going through the solenoid "j e" to
"1," and so back to "b." The other part
will pass to the upper carbon "g," then
jump to the lower carbon "h," and so to
"f," and then hack to "b."
TOWARD THE LEAST PRESSURE.
However, at "c" the current will divide
itself according to the resistances of the two
paths. In other words, the strength of the
currents in the divided parts of a circuit are
inversely as their resistances. The action
in the arc lamp is then as lollows: When
the current is started, the cir
cuit through "g" and 'h" will
be open, so that1 all the current will
pass through the solenoid "j e." The
action of the solenoid will then be to draw
the carbon "h" up against the carbon "g."
Under these circumstances the greater
Dortion of the current will pass throuch the
carbons, but now the solenoid will lose
much of its 'power, and the carbon "h" will,
by the force of gravity, fall away a little
from the carbon "g," and au electric arc
will be formed between the two carbons.
The falling away of "h" increases the re
sistance of the circuit through "g-b''and
the solenoid will again be energized, but this
time not so much as before. The' carbon
"h" will thus vibrate back and forth a few
times till a state of equilibrium is es
tablished between the force of gravity and
the torce of the solenoid. When tbis is
done the carbon "h" will maintain its posi
tion quietly so long as" the airspace between
"g" and "h" is kept constant
COMPENSATES FOR THE BURNING.
This space, however, does not remain con
stant. It increases as the carbons slowly
bnrn away. Now, this increasing of air
space between the carbons means an increas
ing resistance in the circuit "g h," and
any increase in the resistance)! the circuit
"g h" will cause more current- to flow
through the circuit "j e," and this increase
of current in the circuit "j e" means an in
crease in the power of the solenoid. The
core of the solenoid will thus be drawn up
higher and push the carbon "h" up toward
the carbon "g," and so decrease the air
space between the carbons. A state of
equilibrium will thus again be established
and the electric arc will have the same
brilliancy as before.
Of course in practice the action of the
solenoid is as gradual as the increase of the
space between the carbons, so that there is
no sudden up and down motion of the
carbon "h." If, however, there is a solt
spot in either end of the two carbons, rapid
combustiqn will take place and the carbou
"h" will drop suddenly. The solenoid
will at once act correspondingly,
the carbon "h" will vibrate
for a few seconds, causing a flickering in
the light, till equilibrium is again estab
lished and then all goes on as beore. -The
flickering that we see in onr street arc lights
is thus due, not to any electrical or mechan
ical defects in the construction ot tne lamp,
but to the uneven composition of the car
bons. THE SOURCE OP LIGHT.
It must not be understood that the electric
arc isvisible electricity. The passage "Of
the current from one carbon to another gen
erates great heat that is, electric energy is
transformed' into heat -energy and small
particles of carbon being set free, they become
incandescent in tbis heat and give out an
intense white light The ends of the car
bons also berome white hot, due to the heat
The light, therefore, from an arc lamp
comes lrotn two sources, namely, the white
hot carbon ends and the white hot carbon
particles or dust that is set free by the pas
sage of the current front one carbon to the
other.
, It is found that if the current passes from
the upper carbon to the lower the upper car
bon will burn aw&y much faster than the
lower; in iact, the current seems to tear off
particles irom the upper carbon and deposit
them on the lower. This action tends to
make the end of the lower carbon somewhat
pointed and that of the npper carbon blunt,
as shown in the figure.
NATURE OP LIGHT.
Although we talk of the electric light,
yet, strange as it may sound, electricity does
not produce light; neither do oils or gas
produce light In the oil lamp, the gas
burner and the arc, or incandescent lamps,
light is produced In the same way. In each
case it is a transformation ot some form of
energy into heat energy, and the heat vto-
Figure t.
SUNDAY?
'''DECEMBER'" 14 1890.
i i --
duced raises solid carbon or carbou dust to
a white heat, and the white hot carbon is
what produces the light.
For ezample,Vin a Bunsen burner giv
ing a blue flame we have intense heat and
no light, but if we sprinkle a little carbon
dost into the flame abright light will atonce
be produced, due to the incandescence of
the carbon dust. In the caudle flame or gas
jit light is produced in the same way;
particles of soot and dust are made incan
descent by the beat generated, and from
them we get light. And so it is in any
electric lamp. "Electricity is converted into
heat, and this heat causei'carbon to become
incandescent, and thus emit light.
TEMPERATURE OP THE ARC.
The temperature of the electric arc is, ac
cording to the latest researches, between
3.000 and 4,000 O. This is the most in
tense beat known to man and of the greatest
value in scientific researches. The arc
light is oest suited for street lighting; it is
also very uselul in .factories "anil places
where general illumination is all that is
needed. But it is quite unsuited for dwell
ings and stores, and in fact any places where
detail work is to be done, such as writing,
reading or the distinction of colors.
For interior lighting and places
where the fight would not be needed
after midnight, one pair of carbons is suf
ficient, but for all night work a double set
is required so that when one pair has
burned out, the current is automatically
switched over to the fresh carbons and the
light thus kept up during the entire night.
The consumption ol carbon is about twice
as much in the positive carbon as in the
negative, and the total consumption is
about one-tenth of a grain per candle of
ligh per hour. The Average street arc
lamp gives about 2,000 candle-power, but if
globes are used much of tbis light will be
absorbed, the amount depending on the
character of the glass of which the globe is
made. Scire Facias.
ENGLISH ON INDIAN BCAKE.
Our Trans-Atlantic Cousins Feel Puzzled
and Wax Facetious.
The Saturday Review.
The so-called Indian scare is one of those
things which no fellow can be. expected to
understand on this side of the Atlantic
Who is scared and why? Thq great Yankee
nation cannot surely be scared by a few
thousand Sioux in Dakota; and if the
Sioux are scared, one cannot help suspect
ing it is because the acents of the great
Yaukee nation have been doing 'something
they should not
The items of information are difficult to
pick out from among reports of what the
Free Silver Democrats intend and what the
Farmers' Alliance. When yon-do get them
they hardly prove more than that somebody
is lying like a Z mzibari valet At the top
of the column we see told that 'seven settlers
have been scalped and that a battle is
raging. At the bottom it is confidently an
nounced that this is fiction, and that all is
quiet on Fine Bidge. . We dare say it is; but
then, if nobody has been scalped, the fuss
would seem to be' about nothing.
Then the appearance ot our old and re
spected friend, Buffalo Bill, as an active
personage on the scene is confusing. We
like Buffalo Bill. We never.Jiked him the
less because his temporary popularity with
duchesses was so maddening to "respectable
Americans." It was justified by the excel
lence of his manners. Then, too, he wore
his long hair and picturesque costume with
cranerie, and rode lice an angel. Still one
does associate him with a traveling cir
cus, and though General Sheridan certifies
him a brave fellow, and good frontier guide,
his reappearance on the way to the scene of
action harmonizes pleasingly with the air of
unreality cast over the whole thing by news
paper lies.
It fills up the picture to learn that Bed
Shirt "is with him." Bed Shirt, if our
memory does not fail us for the first time,
was with him when we last saw him at
West Kensington. We respect Bed Shirt
He refused even to be enticed by Mr. Glad
stone into giving his opinion on home rule.
He is a long-headed red man, and his can
did.i opinion on the Indian scare would be
vorth having.
TEE PET OF TEE FAMILY
Is tho One Most Likely to Find MaAlage a
Failure.
I never see a petted, pampered girl who is
yielded to in every whim by servants and
parents, that I do not sigh with pity for the
man who will some day be her husband,
KaysElIa Wheeler Wilcox in the 'Ladies'
Home Journal. It is the worshiped
daughter, who has been taught that her
whims and wishes are supreme in a house
hold, who makes marriage a failure all her
life. She has had her way in things great
and small; and when she desired dresses,
pleasures or journeys which were beyond
the family purse, she carried the days with
tears or sulks, or posing as a martyr. The
parents sacrificed and suffered for her sake,
hoping finally to see her well married. They
carefully hide her faults from her. suitors
who seek her hand, and she is ever ready
with smiles and allurements to win the
hearts of men, and the average man is as
blind to the faults of a pretty girl as a newly
hatched bird is blind to the worms npon the
trees about him. He thinks her little
pettish ways are mere girlish moods; but
when she becomes bis wile aud reveals her
selfish and cruel nature be is grieved and
hurt to think fate has been so unkind to
him.
A DAZZLING SUCCESS.
The Operation of the Women' Lnnch
Counter In New York.
The woman's lunch counter ia New York
City is a dazzling success, and is patronized
as extensively as any of the men's places
down town, sajs the u7i. The women took
to it from the day it was started, and now
no young woman, with a day's shopping, or
alistol callers on hand, would think of
wasting time at a restaurant table. Last
Saturday noon a reporter followed a crowd
of women into a well-known restaurant in
UDper Broadway. All turned to one side
ot the room, where there was an oval lunch
counter of cherry, smoothly polished
aud much lower than the lnnch counters
patronized by men. exclusively. The stools
were of cherry with cane-bottom seats. Sixty
persons could sit very comfortably at the
counter, but the managers oi the institution
bad crowded the seats together so as to ac
commodate more. The service was much
better than men are accustomed to. At the
time of the reporter's entrance the seats were
nearly all taken. Behind the counter were
four mild-mannered waiters in white jackets
and aprons. All sorts ot .feminine gossip
conld De neara, ana, oi course, mat settles
it Stools for ladies' lunch counters are a
success.
FB1ED 073TEBS BY THE FOOT.
South Australia Claims to Oatdo the
Ancients Along This line.
From Oysters and AU About Ihein.i
Fliny mentions that, according to the his
torians of Alexander's expedition, oysters a
foot in diameter were found in the Indian
Seas, and Sir James . Tennent was unex
pectedly enabled to corroborate the correct
ness of tbis statement, for at Kottier, near
Trincomalee, enormous specimens of edible
oysters were brought to jtbc rest house. One
measured more than 11 inches in length by
half as many in width. But this extraor
dinary measurement Is beaten by the
oysters of Port Lincoln in South Australia,
which are the largest edible oues in the
world. They are as large as a dinner plate,
and ot much the same shape. They are
sometimes more than a foot across the shell,
and the oyster fits his habitation so well that
lie does not leave much margin.
It is a new sensation when a friend asks
you to lunch at Adelaide to have one oyster
fried in butter, or eggs and bread crumbs,
set before vou; but it is a very pleasant ex
perience, for the flavor and delicacy of the
Port Lincoln mammoths are proverbial even
in that land of luxuries.
A EAINLESS CAPITAL.
The City of the Three Kinjjs and Its
Wonderful History,
ITS DAYS OF SILVER AND GOLD.
An Odd Climate Made Tolerable by the Use
of Permian Bark.
THE DEATH KATE EXTEE1IELT HIGH
rCOBBESFOSDEXCE OF THE DISPATCn.
Lima, Peru, Nov. 15. Pizarro must
have been rather hard up for names when he
dubbed his Peruvian capital La Cuidad de
los Tres Beges, "The City of the Three
Kings." It came about in this way. After
he had subdued one of the royal brothers'
who claimed the Inca throne and treacher
ously strangled the other, he found little
difficulty in conquering Cuzco, the splendid
"City of Gold," which was at that time the
capital of Peru. As soon as he and his few
European followers, a band of drunken ad
venturers whom Spain was gladto be rid of,
had glutted themselves with the vast
treasures of the place, they marched west-'
ward, not so much in search of new worlds
to conquer as to find a more convenient spot
in which to enjoy their ill-gotten gains.
They did not relish heme surrounded on
all sides by the Indians, who, althongh con
quered, outnumbered them a hundred to
one, but preferred to be within sight of the
sea, the broad highway that led toward
home. This Emerald valley of Bimae, with
a river running through it, the ocean on
one side and the towering Andes on the
ether, combined all the advantages they
sought So here they established the second
Spanish citv in South America, which soon
grew to be one of the proudest and most
luxurious capitals of those profligate days
and continued to be the seat of a corrupt
vice-regal court for three centuries.
THE STORY OF- A NAME.
It happened that Pizarro designated its
site on January 6, 1555 (old style), the day
of the festival of the Epiphany or the mani
festation of our Savior to the JJagi, who in
King James' version of the New Testament
are called "the Wise Ken" from the East,
but are known in all the old Spanish tradi
tions as "the Three Kings." Hence he
made a tremendous celebration of that feast
of the Epiphany and christened his capital
accordingly. Then Carlos V. of Spain, sent
over not only his benediction and congratu
lations but added some complimentary
words to its already ponderous title, mak
ing it "The Host Noble and Most I Joy al
City of the Three Kings" so it appears in
the original charter and formally ceded
its appropriate coat of arms; three golden
crowns for the three kings and a rayed star
on an aznre field in memory of the star
which led them to the spot where the young
Child lay.
But that was altogether too long a title
for every-dav use, and so the easjr-going
Spaniards fell into a habit of calling it "the
city of Bimae," the latter being the name of
the valley in which it stands. Bimae is a
Quichua word, the past participle of the
verb rimay, to speak; and in tbis applica
tion it re'erred to a famous oracle of Inca
times, whose shrine was in the valley, prob
ably among those extensive ruins that may
yet be seen near the present village of La
Slacdalena, and in honor of whom the river
and surrounding country were named.
THE SOUND OP A LETTER.
. Tne Quichua sound of the letter "r" is
much like the Spanish "1," and so it is not
strange that in the mouths of another race it
soon became transformed to Limae and then
to Lima. For many years the river was
called Lima, too, but somehow it got back to
its ancient cognomen. It is a small and
quiet stream through most of the year ex
cept during the summer months, the season
of melting snows and rains among the
mountains where it rises, when it swells into
a deep, swift and turbulent torrent, whose
yellow tide resembles the Missouri in spring
time. It is as essential to the valley as is the
Nile to Lower Egypt, and indeed without it
Lima would long ago have dried up and dis
appeared from this rainless region. To the
Bimae, which furnishes ample irrigation,
the city owes it own water supply and the
fertility of its surrounding fields and gar
dens. One walks about the streets of Lima as in
.a dream, oppressed by a multitude ot his
torical reminiscences that crowd upon the
memory. Here, too, were centered the
products of the mines. In 1631, I
think it was, La Palatt, the
Viceroy of Lima, rode through these
streets ou a horse whose mane was strung
with Dearls and whose shoes were ol pure
gold, over a pavement made of solid ingots
?r ;i m i. - i-.-11 iL.'
oi silver, xu m 3?.i-j;aic, imiuu, cauie tug
Galleons of the Fast, bringing silks and
spices from far Cathay and the Philippine
Islands; and following fast in their wake
came the buccaners Rogers, Anson, Hawk
ins, Drake and others, all eager to snatch
from the "treasure ships" the rich booty
which even the Virgin Queen did not dis
dain to share with her loyal free boot era of
the South Seas and the Spanish Slain.
THE MODERN CAPITAL.'
Modern Lima is about ten unlet in cir-H
cumference, but as a large part of its area is
laid out in gardens and public squires, the
whole is by no means densely populated.
The old walls of the city which that ener
getic Vice King, La Palata, caused to be
built in 163S, described an irregular oval,
on the left bank ot the Bimae, about three
miles long by a mile and a half wide. They
were from IS to 24 feet high and twenty feet
thick, and were entered by 12 gates. But
they were never of much useexcept to facili
tate the collection of lccal duties and to af
ford an elevated pasco or bridle path for
equestrians, and were demolished long ago.
The city's present population ii variously
estimated between 100,000 to 125,000. Much
of the beautiful region round about was laid
waste by the Chilian army during the re
cent war, and has not yt been rebuilt The
invaders were as merciless and as needlessly
cruel as they were completely victorious. In
the battle that decided the fate of Lima,
hundreds of country villas and all the
suburban villages were burned to the
ground. Thus Chorillas, the Long Branch
of the coast, was entirely destroyed. A,
railway leads from Chorillas to Lima, pass
ing through the once lovely village of
Miraflores, whose name literally translated
mean "See the flowers!" The Chilians
landed at Chorillas, and having reduced
that town to ashes, they marched along the
line of the railroad to 'Lima, ruthlessly de
stroying everything on the route.
A NIGHT OF TERROR..
- For one whole night Lima was in the
hands of a mob of armed soldiers, who had
broken loose irom au restraint and were as
bloodthirsty and unfeeling aa so many
Sepoys; and tbey were only prevented irom
entirely burning and sackiug the city by the
energy of the British Minister and other
members of the diplomatic corps, backed by
the English and French admirals whose war
ships were in the harbor at Callao.
It is said that there ore 1,500 foreigners in
Lima, and no Jewer than 0,000 priests. The
latter gentry are met at every step, in blacK
robes and white, gray cowls and shovel
hats, monks ot all orders and varieties of
habit, and clergy of every degree. Pro'.
Ortnu affirms that there are at least 25 dif
ferent admixtures of blood in Lima. Be
that as it may, certainly a more mixed col
lection ot people would be bard to find.
There are English, French, Spaniards,
North' Americans, Belgians, Chinese and
negroes, black, white, yellow and all inter
mediate shade of complexion, mingled
among the leather-hued native population;
and one need not walk half a square to bear
a dozen different languages spoken.
CLIMATE OF PERU.
Being situated under the tropics and at an
elevation of only 512 .feet it might reason
ably be expected that the climate of Lima
would be too warm for comfort, but such is
J hy so means the case. During the six
months that answer for winter on this side
ol the equator (from June to November),
the thermometer ranges from 57 to 61
Fahr., and is often so cold that warm
woolen clothing is -necessary for comfort,
especially indoors, where the thick walls
retain d.imnnHssnd -exclude the sun, ren
dering the interiors jnnch more chilly than J
the open street. The low temperature oi
the place may Impartially accounted for by
the close proximity to the snowy cordilleras
and also from the foot that the great Ant
artic current of the Pacific sels from the
southwest lull on the eoast, where the tem
perature is 31 less than the waters of the
open sea 100 miles from land.
It is not positive cold that renders life in
Lima unpleasant during the winter time, so
much as the fogs and dampness. Sometimes
for days together the sun refuses to show his
face, and a regular "Scotch mist," heavy
enough to form a continuous drizzle, makes
the sidewalk slippery as ice, and so per
meates the air that-even the sheets ot one's
bed feel sticky. Though visitors are often
assured that"'"it never rains in Lima," the
most partial citizen is obliged to admit that
what be calls la guara, a dense fog that
lorms itself into minute drops brings all the
discomforts without any of the benefits of a
good, healthy shower. Yet umbrellas and
overshoes are not in fashion here.
CURES OF1 PERUVIAN BARE.
It is said that when the last of the Incas
heard whereFizirro was going to establish
his capitil, he rejoiced in his heart, saying
that soon not one of his enemies would re
main alive. Tradition has it that long be
fore the arrival, of any Europeans this par
ticular portion of the -valley of Bimae was
set apart as a place of banishment tor crim
inals a sort of Inca Dry Tortugas, or Si
bcrif, where evildoers soon succumbed to
the deadly climate and ceased from troub
ling. Some 60 years ago the celebrated
Von Teschudi wrote that "Two-thirds of the
people of Lima are at all times suffering
from tercianas (intermittent fever), or from
their consequences," But that was before
the Countess ol Cinchona, whose husband
was one of the Vice Kings of Peru,had been
'cured of her terciatia bjr the "Peruvian
bark," whose remedial virtues had been
discover by a Franciscan Iriar during the
early days of the conquest .
The aborigines made a decoction of it to
cure their agues; it was tried upon the
shaking soldiers with great success, and it
remained for the Vice Queen to make it
fashionable by merely consenting to be set
upon her legs again through its agency.
She introduced the hark into Spain, where
it was given her name, cinchona, and the
drug that has since been made ot it, known
as quinine, has. certainly accomplished
mpre real, substantial good right here in
Lima than have all the missionaries,
Bomish and Protestant, that ever came
over. Yet year by year the death lists are
alarmingly longer than those of births, and
were the city not constantly recrnited from
other parts of the country it would have
been depopulated long ago! it is said that
the mortality among ."infants here is three
times greater in proportion to population
than in London, PaflSj or -New York; but
that is doubtless as much, due to bad drain
age and the poverty, carelessness and filth
of thelower classes as to climatic cause.
Fannie B. Ward.
INDIAN GUIDES FOB GUESTS.
They Repaid The Summer's Sportsman by
a Fraternal Visitation.
Queer things happen the world over says
the New York, Sun. A well-known lawyer
of Hartford went every year down to Nova
Scotia to fish, and always had the- same In
dian guides. He- liked them as guides;
they liked him, too. One day his office boy
appeared in bis private office in great ex
citement "Indians I" he exclaimed; and
Indians it was, seven of them, the lawyer's
Micmac friends.
They had come to spend the summer with
him, tbey announced 'cheerfully. Luckily
he lived just out of the city, and had a fair
sized place; tox as he. couldn't send them
away, he took tbem out to his home. There
he had them pitch 'their tcnU in tbe re
motest field, near a little brook, and there
tbey spent the .summer. They fished and
cangbt little. Three times a day they came
np to the house' for What they called "les
restes de la maisort," 'and countless, other
times a day they, came np to see the family.
The lawyer's place became famous. John
and Biddy walked out in the summer even
ings to see the "rale Injuns," and so did
Hans and Grctchen, and Silas and Hnldah.
At the end of the summer tbe IndUns
went home, telling fheir relieved host that
they had enjoyed their visit very much, and
would come jgiin the next summer. But
tbey didn't Forewarned was lore.irraed,
and the lawyer kept them away. Perhaps
he enjoined them.
QUEEB DOGS IN THE OLYMPICS.
A Western Exploring Party Claim to Find a
Itace of Whistling Animals.
One of a party recently returned from a
tour in the Olympic Mountains gives the
Whatcom Reveille the following account of
some strange animjls discovered there: One
night we camped near Sentinel Bock, about
a mile from the divide. This rock stands
boldly out alone, like a massive fortress,
guarding tbe entrance to tbe valley of .the
Dnngeness.
Suddenly the mountain sides seemed to be
alive with men whistling to one another,
when and one would tcrc sharp around
only to bear another and shriller wbew on
the'other side; and soon we saw lots of ani
mals, abont the size of a fox, with long,
bushy tails, running about from rock to
rock, sometime lying down, but more orten
sitting bolt up, erect, like a ferret does. We
shot a couple of small ones that night and
alteward shot several more larger ones.
Campbell cal led j. them whistling dozs, and
declared they were good to eat; but the
smell was enough for us. Their odor is
peculiar, but not fragrant. They have two
long teeth in front like a beaver and feet
almost shaped like-squirrels' feet
I believe their right name is mountain
beaver. Whenever we went afterward to the
mountains as long as there was ana we saw
these whistling'dogs, as we got to call them.
I like to see them; they seemed to make the
place cheerful and lively, and were very
amusing to watch. In winter thev have long
burrows under the snow, and their coats get
a dark gray; in sarnmer they are yellow.
Their skins should, make good fur, and, I
think, would pay for being trapped in winter
months. '
A DIOTTEB GIVEB'S SICBET.
Koswell P. Flower Turns Bis Little Ban
quets to Good Account.
rwitlTTES; FOB tfllE DISPATCH'.!
Boswell P. Flower, of New York, gives
some of the best dinners of the Capital City.
He dined nearly every member of Congress
last session, and he is now one oi the most
popular men in publi: life. I learned last
night the secret of these dinners. Xheywere
given on the ground floor of good fellow
ship in the first place, but in the second
place they were also given to educate Mr.
Flower to the peculiar tastes and natures of
the men who'dfned with him.
Under tbe sparkling bubbles of Flower's
champagne tUeSenatorsandBepresentatives
burst forth in their real feelings as to public
matters, aud Flower now understands how
to work each of .them as to his own plans in
regard to nation.il interests and as to the
axes of his constituents. Flower is one of
the best diplomats in Congress. He has a
big heed and a brainy one. When he
smiles he smiles all over, and he never
smiles in vainl
A Drunken Man's Fall.
George Tompkins, a drunken logger at
Marysville Wash., fell from the second
story winddw of the Pacific Hotel, in that
Ibwn, to the plank sidewalk, some distance
below, striking with such force as to break
tho sidewalk. Picking himselt up from the
wreck he coolly walked indoors, remarking
that he was in search of a companion who
had fallen out of the window. He was ap-
f.unt1ii ntSA? liw rti tttmVllt wMf!l tfi
jaicuwj uuiujiiicu uf tux w, .. u.-t
m ma t titr mttM aaeose vrnnld nmTtttlllT
have proved serious, if not fatal, i
THE BEA7ER ANGLER.
Senator Quay Chats About the Sport
He Had Down in Florida.
SHOOTIKG THE WILD TDKKEY.
Dick Quay and Faitbfnl Ben Sooy Treed
by a Wounded Sack.
AS XC1TIXG FIGHT WITH' A . TAKP05
Senator Quay sat in his library at his resi
dence enjoying his post-prandial cigar, says
a Washington correspondent of the Phila
delphia Times, and willingly opened the
subject of fishing in Florida. He said: "I
leached St Luce in the very nick of time
for tarpon fishing. Dick and Ben Sooy be
grudged tbe time it takes to bait and hook
the big silver king and went off in the
country, where they camped out for two
weeks, often sleeping in the woods in No
vember without sheets when miles away
irom camp. Florida is the most wonderful
country in America for game, and as an
evidence of the abundance of deer, from the
hummocks within a mile of where Ben Sooy
and he had their camp, they killed six deer
in the last two weeks of November.
"To a genuine lover of the joys of the
woods, no sport is more fascinating than
hunting the wild turkey. Two negroes who
ore skilled in 'calling the gobbler built a
blind out of pine tags, scattered brush over
the tags and taking care to build the Mind
intbe neighborhood of a turkey roost, for
this avariest of game birds, if nothunted too
much, will return for years to the same spot
to roost, generally in tbe deep woods, and
often on the loftiest hemlocks at the edge of
some big swamp.
HOW TO KILL TTJBKEYS.
"The keenest hnnter brings out his 'call,'
made from a turkey wing, and soon he will
have a big gobbler strutting through tha
woods, with his 'pat-put-pnt,' his beard
The Senator in His Olorjr, -
shining in the gray of the dawn and his
he id well in the air. Yon reserve your fire
till you can see the sheen of his eyes and
then let drive at him with your right barrel. ,
atrrl, if only wounded, you take the gobbler
on the wing as he rises, and the game rarely -escapes
you nnless some bad Inck scares the ,v
wary bird away before he reaches witbiu
gunshot of the blind. On the loth ot No
vember three of us killed two hens and four 1
gobblers by 9 o'clock in the morning, rising 1
at i o'clock to reach the turkey roost
"I care nothing for hunting deer, as it in- x
volves walking or riding many miles when
the game is started, unless the gunner has
the patience that makes a good still hunter. ,
The last day Ben Sooy and Dick were out
they wounded a buck by breaking its fore
leg, and it led them a chase for six miles
around a dense swamp, and then, when
wounded again, drove both tbe boys up a
big cypress tree, charging ou them when .
their guns were empty. Z5
"Fortunately the buck was so badl;j ,.
wounded that they only had to hold tbe lorf
an hour till the deer died atthe foot of tho
tree in which they were ensconced".
THE BETJTAI. SAtVriSH.
"You saw at mv bouse in Beaver some
immense blades with teeth two inches long
and wondered what tbey were. Well, these
are the swords of the sawfish, a very differ
ent animal from tbe Block Island swordfish,
which are good to eat, and give a great deal
of sport off the Bhode Island coast in sum
mer. "The sawfish is a big sea brute and often
weighs 1,500 ponnds and is a terrible nui
sance when he gets into the fishermen's net,
winding the same all around bis huge body
till the fish has to be killed with a rifle.
His flsh is of no use. With this terrible
saw he dashes into a school of menhaden or
mullet and at every whack cuts hundreds
of the little fish into pieces and devours
them at leisure. .Even a shark never at
tacks a sawfish.
"Tarpon is the king fish of the bays and
estuaries near the sea. The excitement and
pleasure of baggine and his lordly fighting
qualities have not been exaggerated. It is
tne gamest of our big fish. 3Iy last tarpon
weighed 1W3 pounds, and after swallowing
the mullet bait he swam away in the most
indifferent manner till he elt the barb of
tbe hook bite; then he dashed off and towed
my little boat three miles up the bay, jump
ing ten feet at a time and savagely sbaking
his silvery head In vain to break "my hold.
THESE MOXSTEE PISH.
"It was the longest fight I had in No
vember with a tarpon, but when the big
fish turned, as they often do, and went
straight back to where he was hooked be
ran in between two splendid specimens of
tbe sawfish, which weighed at least 1,200
pounds each.
"My big fish got tingled up with the
fighting sawfish, and every moment Tex
pected to see him break away. AH three
monsters worked into shallow water, where
the tarpon always feeds, and while the
negro held my big tarpon I killed both
sawfish with a Ballard rifle and pulled the
tarpon into shallow water and gaffed him
safely. The stories of sharks killing tar
pon are a good deal exaggerated. Gener-'
ally speaking the tarpon can hold his own
even against the scavenger of the ocean."
THE CHAHGE IK CAEPETS.
The Colonial Style of Furnishing Slakes
Very Radical Revision.
What a change there is in the styleof car
pets now that the Colonial style of furnish
ing is in fashion. The carpets are made to
match it in designs and tone both. The
Scotch Axminster carpets arefavorites now,
and come in tints that are delicately exqui
site, tbe carpets being of pmin centers in all
the. favorite colors, surrounded bv rich, Bor
derings in floriated and set designs. The
Aubusson, Wilton, moquette and bbdy
brussels are also in new colorings and de
signs. A novelty in the design of a carpet,
chiefly in the Axminster. is tbe orchid de
sign, the flowers scattered artistically over
the center and tnrned in a garland for the
border. The design in any color of ground
ing desired. Tbe pale gray, however, is
quite the swell color lor a carpet and looks
exquisite when furniture and drapery cor- ,
respond to its tint The furniture covering
is French in design, too, a pretty style being
tapestries, with the seats and backs in land
scapes, or in great odd flowers. Draperies "
and curtains this year are of the richest o
brocatelle, and are in the pale tints. The j
drapery is above all things beautiiul this
year, and the cost is quite in keening with
the other extravagant luxuries of the day.
Bow Sunday Opening Works.
In Philadelphia, says the Inquirer, the
Mercantile Lihrsry, which is open to read- .
era on Sundays, isopposlte the St Stephen's f
Church, and a candid and impartial specta
tor would be forced to admit on any Sunday T
that the open library and the decorous con- ""'
duct of its irequenters interfered no more
with the church than the chimes of the
church interfered with the readers at the
library. "
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