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ESTABLISHED FEBRUARY 8, ISiS.
Vol. 45, No.IRJ.-Entered at Pitts bare Foitofficc,
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PITTSBURG, MONDAY". OV. 17, 1S9Q.
instruction in oil.
If the reports which are afloat in well
informed circles about the influences
that are shoving the petroleum market
down toward the level of the sixties have
any foundation, it gives a good deal of color
to the assertion that if the Standard lost
any money in the Delamater campaign, it is
going to get it back out of the producers
with a large increment or usury.
The assertions are definitely made that the
Standard has been unloading on the market
all the way down from the 90 cent level, and
has got matters in a comfortable position to
squeeze any of the unwary producers who
have loaded up iu reliance on the assertions
of the Standard organs that the man who
said the market could possibly go down was
a liar and a traitor to the State. At the
same time intimations are rumored from the
inner circles that what is leftof the premium
in any locality will be subjected to another
trimming, leaving the smaller producers to
work for the Standard with a feeling of de
vout gratitude if they get day -wages out of
their labor.
All this is a demonstration of the power
which can be exerted over a monopolized
product. The squeezing process may, when
it has been completed, be varied by an up
ward turn. It is certain that it cannot go
much further without driving the producers
en masse, Jrom the mere instinct of self
preservation, into the movement to establish
competing refineries and pipe lines. It
that movement should develop any definite
proportions, the next move on the board
wonld be the new form of a Standard device
to buy off the producing interests from the
only policy which will ever free their inter
ests from its present remorseless control.
Experience is n dear teacher; but it is
giving the petroleum producers some very
positive instruction just at present on the
subject of a monopolized market.
work roR humorists.
The uses of humorists, like those of ad
versity, are developing unexpected and
especial attractions almost striking enough
to warrant the Shakespearian simile of the
toad which wears a precious jewel in its
head. The latest example in this line is the
application of sharp discipline to a street
car conductor who relieved a fit of bad
temper by swearing at the passengers. The
particular target for his objurgations was a
humorist of no less standing than Hark
Twain; and the latter laid the matter before
the officers of the corporation in an open
letter which resulted in the conductor's dis
charge. This is a much more appropriate
function for the humorist than is presented
by the 'Wisconsin idea of making governors
and political leaders of them. If the aspi
rants to the rant; of professional fnnny men
in Pittsburg can succeed in establishing
the rule of polite manners on transit lines,
they will establish their rank beyond ques
tion. THE CRONE CASK KEYTTED.
The publication iu Chicago of a statement
that Iceman O'Sullivan, who is undergoing
imprisonment for the murder of Dr. Cronin,
has in private conversation told the whole
story oi the murder, is a remarkable sequel
to that murderous conspiracy. It empha
sizes the failure of justice, which took the
form of that famous compromise verdict
which sent a number of men to the peniten
tiary for short terms, who. if they committed
any crime at all, committed the most cold
blooded and premeditated murder known
lor many years. There are intimations that
the O'Sullivan disclosures may lead to
tracing the crime to higher people who have
not yet been indicted; but inasmuch as Chi
cago justice has not yet been able to reach
the people who tried to bribe the jury at the
Cronin trial, it is not to be expected that
Chicago justice will vindicate itself by pun
ishing the mspirers of the murder. The
Cronin case is likely to go on record as one
in which organized crime successfully set
the law at defiance.
A NEW CURE FOR POVERTX.
Among the various theories illustrated by
social theorists on the causes of poverty,
that which has recently been elaborated by
a Scotch physician named Drysdall whose
theories as well as name are suggestive of
Sir "Walter Scott's Dryasdust is entitled to
pre-eminence for unconscious humor. After
considering the whole field of human ills,
including inequitable land laws, overpro
duction, competition, corporate monopolies,
and unequal taxation, Dr. Drysdall con
cludes that cone of these furnish the real
cause of poverty, and announces as his
peculiar and especial discovery that large
families are the main cause of low wages.
The statistical foundation on which the
Caledonian theorist erects his assertion of
the social enormity of this class of overpro
duction is simple, if not convincing. He
finds that in the "West End of London,
where the classes reside who have good in
comes and are supposed to be well educated
and of good morals, the aunual birth rate is
only 20 in the thousand; while in the East
End. where poverty rules and the inhab
itants are wholly ignorant of the high stand
ard of manners and morals established in
Mayfair, the birth rate rises to 45 in the
thousand. The fact is indisputable, and the
law is generally apparent wherever the con
ditions of poverty and prosperity can be
sharply contrasted with each other. His
conclusion, consequently, is that the cause
of poverty is to be found in the large fam
ilies of the poor, and that legislation should
be resorted to, making it illegal for a child
IK
to be born without the consent of the ruling
powers.
The force of this logic is somewhat marred
by the presence of other conditions which
distinguish poverty from wealth. The poor
are likely to have large appetites as well as
families, and their digestion is by no means
weak; while among the rich, dainty appe
tites, dyspepsia and gout are characteristic
features. The logic employed in the one
case fits the other exactly; and the con
clusion is plain that the large appetites of
the poor arc the cause ot their poverty, and
that it is the duty of Government to pass
laws restricting the amount which the poor
shall eat. The tame logic might be exer
cised with regard to the shabby clothes
worn by the destitute, or their uncomfort
able lodgings. Indeed, the same class of
reasoning is employed in this country by
the profound thinkers who, discovering that
certain people have made immense fortunes
by forming combinations which secured to
them the profits of practical monopolies,
argue that everybody should form com
binations and become monopolists, with the
result that everyone will be immensely
wealthy.
The trouble with Dr. Drysdall and his
class of theorists is that they look only on
one side of the subject. Had the studious
doctor perceived in the small families of the
wealthy a cause of the inequalities of for
tune and proposed that government should
interfere to impose a fine or other penalty on
that evil, he might have burrowed into the
foundation strata of a great social solution.
TRUSTS AND PARTIES.
An interesting but somewhat unnecessary
dispute has sprung up between our es
teemed cotemporaries, the Chicago Inter
Ocean and the Hew York Times, as to
which party the trusts belong to. The
Inter-Ocean having asserted sthat the Stan
dard Oil Company is "definitely identified
with the Democratic party" and that the
dressed beef combine will follow its ex
ample, the New York Timet retorts by
quoting Senator Pay ne's assertion that nine
tenths of the stockholders and all the
directors of the Standard are Republicans,
and asserts that certain features of the Mc
Kinley bill will inure to the benefit of the
trusts. All of which leaves the subject
matter of the dispute about as near settle
ment as it was in the first place.
Our friends could save themselves the
exertion involved in this dispute if they
would study the role of action laid down by
Mr. Jay Gould before trusts wereknown, but
when the guiding principles of corporate
plunder were the same when brought in con
nection with legislation. Mr. Gould testi
fied of the Erie management: "We were
Republicans in Republican districts and
Democrats in Democratic districts." "We
can assure our Chicago and New York
cotemporaries that the same charm
ing impartiality governs the political
action of the trusts to-day. The
Standard can support a Democratio candi
date for Senator in Ohio, and a Republican
candidate for Governor in Pennsyl
vania. It will purchase legislation from
either Democratic or Republican legis
latures, as it needs, without political
prejudice; and the same ability to
rise above party lines will govern the action
of every trust where its interests are con
cerned, unless those interests are fully
guarded by the policy of an especial parly.
This absence of party ties in the trust
policy is not without its light on the course
of the parties. Our esteemed cotemporaries
should perceive that the doubt will be re
moved when either one party or the other
sets itself energetically and sincerely to
wipe ont the trusts. Then there will be no
question but that all the trusts will belong
to the other party.
HIGH PKICES FOB JUDGESHIPS.
The feature of the new election law in
New York, which requires candidates to file
with designated officers sworn statements of
all expenditures connected with their can
didacy is already producing definite re
sults in the exposure of the scandal of large
expenditures to obtain judicial positions.
It is thus revealed that each oi the success
ful candidates for the City Court bench in
New York paid $4,000 to Tammany Hall,
while the candidate for the Superior Court
Judgeship gave up 5,000 in his own per
son, and a fourth confesses that 10,000 more
was paid on his behalf by other people.
Anything like an enlightened view of the
bench will always recognize that it should
be kept as far as possible free from politics.
But by these statements it is shown to have
been closely connected in New York with
one of the worst phases of politics, namely,
the payment of large snms to an organiza
tion of proiessional politicians, for the con
sideration of offices. It is impossible that
Judges who owe their positions to such in
fluences can be superior to the "pulls"
which give some of the worst characters in
New York immunity from punishment.
No more severe characterization of such
payments as these is needed than one al
ready given by no less an authority than
the New York Court of Appeals, in an ex
actly similar case. A candidate for one of
the same positions having been assessed
2,000, the Court of Appeals declared the
assessment not only unlawful, but criminal.
The decision declared that the statutes for
bade all expenditures of money to secure
the election of a candidate, except for cer
tain specified purposes; and that the legal
expenses could not possibly reach two thou
sand dollars. Any assessment or contribu
tion beyond the purposes named by law, the
Court declared to be "criminal, void and
contrary to public policy and the welfare of
the community."
In view of this declaration by the highest
legal authority in New York, it would seem
as if some very emphatic action must be
taken in the case oi candidates who have
paid from 4,000 to 15,000 for jndicial posi
tions. But New York politics have a won
derful capacity for covering scandals with
the cloak of forgetfulness. It will not be
unprecedented if these expensive judicial
elections are allowed to pass with a few
sharp comments and then forgotten through
the appearance of some fresh sensation.
The New York stock broker, who com
mitted forgeries to the tune of $350,000, partly,
it is asserted, to reimburse customers who had
lost money by following his pointers, showed
exceptional regret for the losers at speculation,
which, it generally shared by the stock-broking
fraternity, would make the lot of that Interest
a most harrowing one. Bat the sequel shows
that be would bare preserved his customers
from loss just as effectually, and with much
better results for himself and his firm. If he had
advised them to keep out of stock speculation
altogether. ,
Mr. Carnegie's declaration, "I am a
manufacturer and there is nothing wrong with
the manufacturing business," at once allays In
definite alarms and puts a qnletus on the fool
ish attempt to connect the stock gamblers'
panic with the result of the recent elections.
The activity of the British navy in sup
pressing the slave trade between the coasts of
Africa and Asia is creditable. The last work in
that line was the pursuit and capture of a
slave dhow that had left Zanzibar, and the
liberation of the slaves. This proves that the
Aribshave little respect for the Bultan's de
cree abolishing their trade; and that the
European powers can do more in this way than
by their late race with each other for the
gobbling of African territory.
Hand-painted dress shirts which are
announced to be the latest fashion devised by
Paris for the gilded youth of New York will
qualify the young men who wear them, for the
society of hand-painted young women.
That is an interesting illustration of the
different views of things taken from different
standpoints presented by Mr. Stephen Flske's
reminiscences of Stanley, published in yes
terday's Dispatch. Mr. Fiske relates
that, when Stanley returned from find
ing Livingstone, lie took the rising ex
plorer to the Vaudeville theater, the
Albino and other Bohemian resorts, where
Stanley was so "ignorant of the convention
alities" that Fiske finally left "Stanley to his
book, his lectures and his fame." It was
generally supposed that a leading characteris
tic of the Bohemian resorts of which Mr. Fiske
acted as a master of ceremonies was their
utter freedom from conventionalities. In view
of the fact that Stanley could not con&ne him
self even to the conventionalities ot those
places It is reassuring to learn that,
"since then be has learned the pro
prieties, the conventionalities and the
amenities," which permits os also to hope that
his Instruction will keep him from setting up
as social standards the manners that obtain in
places of amusement whose chief attractions
are their improprieties.
TnE booming of Blaine and Pettigrew
for the ticket of 1S92 is enthusiastic, if prema
ture; but the significance of the second name
seems to be rather strongly in the line of going
back on the McKinley tariff policy.
The assertion of Maxim, the inventor,
that we are on the verge ot an era of aerial
navigation, together with the announcements
of that highly watered stock company out in
Illinois to the same effect, are Interesting but
not convincing. The child may bo living who
will see realized Tennyson's dream of airy
navies grappling in the bine: but a single air
ship hovering over our cities will do more to con
vince ns of the fact than all the promises of the
inventors.
The latest installment of literature on the
Stanley dispute adds an unnecessary weight of
proof to the already evincing testimony of the
mismanagement and worse which wrecked the
rear column at Yambuya.
Mb. Jay: Gould's advice to the public
that this is a good time to buy stocks produces
a general disposition on the part of the public
to sell stocks, on the principle that it fs sale to
copper Gould's advice. But sometimes the
wily Jay says what he means with the inten
tion of deluding the lambs who act od the pre
sumption that Jay is lying. In view of these
distressing uncertainties the best way to beat
Gould is to let stocks religiously alone.
Mayor Grant indignantly denies that
he went duck-shooting with Ward McAllister.
When McAllister is heard from, things will
doubtless be made even.
"With a Republican majority of 38,500
on the Congressional vote, the Republicans of
Pennsylvania appear to have held their own
pretty well," remarks the Philadelphia Pi ess.
So it seems: but then what value are we to place
on tho repeated and strenuous assertions of the
Republican orators and organs just before the
election that the victory of Ptison would
work an unmitigated smash in the tariff
policyT
The annual contribution of the Secretary
of War to the political literature ot the country
appears to-day, and is summarized elsewhere.
NOW that Wall street has learned by ex
perience that the United States Treasury can
not always be relied upon to pull it out of the
troubles cansed by its own speculation, prob
ably the New York banks will reach the con
clusion that the proper function of their re
serves is to be kept to protect their depositors
instead of being loaned out to support specula
tive bubbles.
PERSONAL JOTTINGS.
The last words of James Lillie, the ball
player, who died in Kansas City a few days
ago, were: "I'm afraid that it's three strikes
and out."
Chief Justice Royce, of the Vermont Su
preme Court Bench, who is in his 71st year, has
announced his intention of resigning, owing to
physical indisposition.
Awat off in an obscure part ot Texas, near
Hempstead, liTes Elizabeth Ney, a grandntece
of the famous Marshal Ney, of France. She is
both pretty and talented, and a sculptress by
profession.
Among the unpublished Thackeray manu
scripts now offered for sIe in London are a
note book containing 1,200 fragments of un
published verses, a scrapbook with 400 tracings
and sketchings, and an album of sketches.
Mrs. Whitelaw Reid, wife of the Amer
ican Minister to France, is very popular with
society in Paris. Her house is sumptuous, her
hospitality unbounded, her dressing costly and
in perfect taste, her manner simple, kindly and
elegant and her French irreproachable.
J. A. McKay, of Kansas, has never stu died
law, never been admitted to the bar, never
served in any capacity in a court, and yet the
farmers elected him judge ot one of the district
courts. The Farmers' Alliance will send him
to Ann Arbor for 60 days to fit himself for the
bench.
AnastASIus. the chief of the brigands who
captured the son of the Snltan recently, is
described as a very handsome and well-informed
mu, who speaks four languages and be
haves like a born gentleman. He preserves
strict military order among his followers, and
treated bis prisoner in a manner befitting his
rank.
Senor Don Miguel suarez Guanez, the
newly-appointed Spanish Minister to Washing
ton, informed President Harrison on Friday
that his august sovereign regarded the wonder
ful progress made by this country with the ut
most satisfaction. For a 4-year-old king this
isn't so bad and can give even Baby McKee
points in precocity.
Mb. Burhand, editor of the London Punch,
was asked to write a burlesque on "Ravens
wood," but, before he undertook the task he
went to see "Ravenswood," and was so much
Impressed with the acting of Mr. Irving and
Miss Terry as Edgar and Lucy that he refused
to entertain the idea of taking part in anything
that would turn either the one or the other into
ridicule.
EXT0ETI0NATE IMPORTED WAITERS.
Chicago Dining Room Men Work the Thur-
man Banquet Profitably.
tsrsciAL telxqbax to tux dispatch. i
Columbus, November 10. Tho regulation
kick has followed the Thnrman banquet, and
this time it seems to be in reason. There Is
loud complaint of the plunderers who came
here from Chicago as alleged waiters, everyone
of them insisting on his fee before he wonld
wait on a man, and even then the victim was
not certain ot being attended to.
The waiters and caterers of the city are in
dignant that they were not given a chance to
serve alocal banquet, and cite several instances
where the imported Chicago article worked
the guests to perfection. One man, for in
stance, found it impossible for himself or
Vricnds to cet a cigar, and in mere shame sent
mtand bought a box. Others paid as high as
0 cents, in fee, for a cigar he should bave had
for nothing, while other articles came fully as
high.
DEATHS OP A DAY.
John C. Robb.
SPECIAL TSLZOBAM TO THE DISPATCH.!
Lima. November 18. JohnC. Bobb, formerly a
prominent resident here and afterward Dost
trader or Pierre. Dak., died at Chicago last nlxbt.
Ills remains were bronjrht to this city to-night lor
Interment. Ho was a brother-in-law of Superin
tendent Orblson, or the C. H. Soli. K. K.
Shirley Hibberd, JouraalUt.
Lowdox, November li Shirley Hlbberd,ditor
of the Gardeners1 Xagatine, died at Kew to-day.
THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH,
SNAP SHOTS IN SEASON.
Kino words never die except on the lips.
Wuitheb are we drifting? Who knows, who
can telir While the majority of the earth's
millions are satisfied with the visible fruits and
common things of the wprld and the life
therein, others are tolling and struggling in the
dark for a new light, a new sign, a new hope, a
new joy. In every land the searchers are seek
ing silently, heroically, persistently. Without
raising a voice to warn or a hand to stay the
reckless waste and rapid pace ot the unthink
ing ones, tbey work on. Pity is the stimulus
and the relief of their fellows is the reward.
So they think, test, analyze, play with death to
save life, shorten their own lives to prolong the
lives of others. These are the scien
tific heroes. Others see the struggle
between class in the crowded quarters, unroll
the map oi the world and study it. They pick
out the black spots and carry the torch of hu
manity thither, opening up breathing spaces
for the suffocating thousands, creating new
worlds for the worldless, homes for the home
less, cheer for the cheerless. These are the
philanthropic heroes. One gives the life; the
other points the place where it can flourish.
Then there be other heroes at work while the
thoughtless millions play. In the shop, the
laboratory, the study they toil for something to
lighten the labor of the hands, shorten the
hours of toll something to ease our burden
and add to the joys of life. All are working for
the same object, all are reaching the same goal
by different paths. And where will it end?
The singer is working on a new and a sweeter
ong; the composer is arranging a more harmo
nious chord; the thinker Is forming a purer
thought; the speaker is practicing a grander
theme; the student is solving a more difficult
problem. Onward and upward we go along
with them. The pains lessen, the pleasures In
crease, the joys multiply, the brotherhood of
man is strengthened, the earth glorified. Will
it go on and on until the solvers work ont the
last problem and "Finis" shall be writ by a
mysterious hand ? Will it go on and on until
heaven and earth is rolled into one ? The grave
uow bars the path the heroes tread. Will tbey
cross over and penetrate the mists beyond it ?
Who can tell T
Some day or other the Czar will decide to
take Turkey for his Thanksgiving banquet
The Law and Order folk are the only people
who manage to make a living on Sunday.
Between petticoats and potatoes Ireland Is
in a pretty, bad way at present.
NOVEMBER,
The earth a golden store has cast in tired reap
ers' band;
The leaf-stripped trees nod. in the breeze that
sweeps the forest land;
The night dews, kissed by frost-touched air,
white-coated greet the morn.
But melt to tears when light appears, ere day
is fully born.
No song birds carol in the grove, now swathed
in fog-wove veil.
Where shadows gray shut out the ray that in
the East is paje.
Slow climbs the sun, with Inkewarm breath to
cheer the day's full birth,
And gladness bring to everything, and glorify
the earth.
Cars can be trained easier than horses. Both
require breaking, though.
THE O'Shea scandal may prove the political
death knell of Mr. Parnell.
P. T. Barnuk is ill, but he shows signs of
speedy recovery.
Some men pay more attention to the cultiva
tion of whiskers than brains.
You don't have to be a barber to shave a
note.
Prop Koch walks perfectly straight, even if
he has a lymph.
THE North River Bank is the only institu
tion affected by last week's whirl in Wall
street. Too much water, perhaps.
The jealous French doctors are rejecting
the German doctor's injection. Hate that
hurts health is Blmpldevilish.
The world is growing better, but it gossips as
of old;
Btill peoole only ask for what is right.
So when half a startling story has been by
some one told,
We only say:
"Now please
Turn on
Thelightr
It is significent to note that Prof. Koch has
not yet imparted his secret to a single female
doctor.
There are fair minded people in Chicago,
ot course, but tbey do not seem to be connected
with the World's Fair.
It has been demonstrated during thepast ten
days that the business of the country is not
carried on by gamblers in speculative shares.
They are Baring the money market with a
vengeance in London.
The silent man is generally listened to when
he speaks, for he has something to say.
A MAN can hnsband his strength, but a good
woman can strengthen her husband.
The Jays of finance Jay Gould and Jay
Cook are not in the jay class at all, at all.
The English sea Serpent has disappeared for
keeps.
Speaker Reed says be has a cold. At all
events he seems to have a severe attack of chill
Blaine.
A forger always does write before he goes
wrong.
The wild West must be awfully cut up with
warpaths.
Stanlet once called a London music ball
fairy an angel. Since then he has changed his
views about the heavenly hosts.
A quarrel between the electric light com
panies can appropriately be called a re-volt.
The Wall street brokers wonld sooner be
struck by John L. Sullivan than pinched by
Jay Gould.
Dull folk cannot be expected to make cut
ting remarks.
Blaine is scheming to secure us
Cheap tobacco and cheap tea;
And he certainly will lure us
To boom reciprocity.
The Oklahoma lawmakers have passed a libel
law to protect their characters. Judging from
the opening antics of the animals when the cir
cus commenced all tne reporters nave to uo is
to furnish full reports of Legislative proceed
ings. A diagram of members' characters would
be superfluous.
The Berllnese are turning hotels into hospi
tals. Both thrive on consumption, too.
The Miss who marries and applies for a di
vorce was mlsmated.
The world only tolerates a fraud until It is
exposed.
Whe brewers turn out bad ale we want to
know what alls the brewery.
The cable car man who ran into the rear of
the car in front on Saturday , simply lost his
grip, also his situation.
When Africa Is opened up the elephant
will go the way of the buffalo. Man is merci
less toward that portion of the brute creation
which yields a revenue after death.
The car stove is on duty again. It should be
fired.
On everybody's lips Down.
The man who wants lo leave big mon f0r
his heirs to fight about will find his opportunity
in Africa. There's lots of wealth In sight
there, according to the explorers.
The proprietors of the sanitariums are the
only people who wish Pror. Kock's cure would
fall.
There seems to be considerable breakage in
the brokerage business at present.
VfTLUx Winkle.
MONDAY. NOVEMBER
NATIONAL DEFENSE. '
SECRETARY OF WAR PROCTOR ISSUES
HIS ANNUAL REPORT.
Special Recommendations for Coast De
fenseThe Northern Frontier In a De
fenseless Condition Desertions Decreas
ing Under a Beneficent Law The Na
tional Guard.
Washington, November 16. The Secretary
of War has just issued his annual report to the
President. One of the most important topics
treated is that of coast defense. The Secretary
says:
It has been our-traditional policy from the
first to avoid entangling alliances. We are
separated by an ocean from the powers which
maintain great armies. The military resources
of the nation bave been so recently demon
strated and its net work of railways Is so
adapted to a concentration of troops on any
threatened point that no hostile force is likely
to seek an encounter with us on our own soil.
A small army sent upon our shores could not
hope for success; it is not probable that any
large one will incur the risk. We have, there
fore, little to fear from invasion, and are free
from the necessity of maintaining large stand
ing armies or of fortifying against land attacks.
But our long coast line is peculiarly exposed
to an attack from the sea. So long as an enemy
can reach vulnerable points without exposing
himself to our land forces be may Inflict blows
which we are unable to parry, and which may
cause losses ill to be endured. No great civil
ized nation to-day has more just cause than
ours to look well to the condition of its coast
defenses, and none, since the Civil War, has so
wholly neglected them. It is a matter of con
gratulation that this national deficiency Is be
ginning to excite the attention It merits, especi
ally as time, even more than moaey, is neces
sary for its proper preparation.
A modern land battery constitutes a perma
nent defense upon a battlefield, chosen in ad
vance, where no flankinc is possible and where
an enemy must force his way or abandon the
attack. In such a contest ships of war are
placed under every disadvantage. The chan
nel is selected where their deployment is diffi
cult, while they are at the center of a concen
trated tire from many dispersed guns. Modern
inventions in the use of electricity, high explo
sives, and in rifled mortars, have resulted
strongly in favor of tho comparative resisting
strength of land fortifications as against a
naval force. They cannot bo blown up by dyna
mite nor sunk by vertical fire. They can sup
port anv weight of armament, and can protect
themselves by any weight of earth or atone or
iron. For accurate aim they have the solid
earth for a foundation. They also bave the
co-operative aid of our navy, of torpedoes and
snbmarine mines, and other accessory means
of defense. When our principal cities, our
harbors and onr navy yards are thus protected,
then our coasts will be safe, and our navy and
increasing commerce will have safe ports of
refuge, where they can be repaired, recoaled
and refitted.
The efficiency of land defenses is no experi
ment. It was the former wiso policy of the
Government, previous to the Civil War, to main
tain coast fortifications entirely competent to
resist the vessels of war of that period. Tbey
are the cheapest to build; they are the cheapest
to maintain; tbey are always in position, and
ready for service. A modern land battery
when once constructed and armed needs few
repairs and no renewals. Outlays for coast de
fense are investments which yield large interest
in the form of insurance, with little deteriora
tion to principal. As the sole object of harbor
fortifications is defense. Its construction should
at least keep pace, if not precede, every other
preparation: for it has been well said that
"while we may afford to be deficient In means
of offense, we cannot afford to be defenseless."
Our Northern Frontier Defenseless.
By our agreement of 1817 with Great Britain,
each party Is restricted to a single armed ves
sel on lakes Ontario and Cbamplain and two on
the upper lakes. Since then the Great West
has become an empire of production and popu
lation, built on the straight shores of tbebroad
lakes and defenseless against naval attack. The
Wetland Canal and the six canals along the St.
Lawrence, between Lake Ontarloand Montreal,
have been constructed, and are wholly in for
eign territory. The smallest of the St. Law
rence canals have nine feet depth of water and
locks 200 feet long and 45 feet wide, sufficient
for the passage ot over 50 of the armed vessels
of the British navy. Measures have already
been commenced to cnlaree the smaller
canals so that none will have less than 14 feet
depth of water, which wonld admit the pass
ago of as many more of a heavier armament.
One of these canals, the Beauharnols.
11 miles long, is wholly on the right (south)
bank of the St. Lawrence. Another is within
rifleshot of islands belonging to us. The Board
of Fortifications and other defenses under the
act of March 3, 1835, composed of army and
navy officers and of civIllans,of which my pred
ecessor was president, made a' f nil and very
able report in regard to the situation, and
recommended considerable works of defense
for the lake ports
In tbe absence of any preparation on our part
the lake cities might, in the event of war with
the power holding the highway ot tbe St.
Lawrence, be in a more defenseless condition
even than tbe sea-board cities. Although we
can not, under the agreement build armed ves
sels on tbe lakes, to overmatch on those waters
the force that might be brought against us, I
do not think It necessary to undertake any
eiaDorate system oi aeienses as proposed.
Desertions Decreasing in Number.
The number of desertions from the army for
the 12 months ending September 30 were 2,086,
as against 2,751 for the same period last year, a
decrease of 21 per cent. This result is due to
such improvements in the service as could be
accomplished under existing legislation. The
act of Congress entitled "An act to prevent
desertions, and for other purposes," approved
June 16, 1S90. was passed too late to have bad
much effect up to this date. Because of the
time required to work out its details, the gen
eral orders to carry it into operation were not
ispued till July 28, and could hardly become
fully effective" at once. The figures, however,
for August and September were SOS as com
pared with 45!) for the same months last year
and 515 the year before, a decrease of 33 and 40
per cent.
That act embodies the more conservative and
practical suggestions which have been made
for lessening this evil. It provided for the re
tention, until the end of his enlistment, of H
per month from a soldier's pay for the first
year. This is a pledge for bis honorable
service, but as it and interest are to be paid tbe
man if he serves honestly and faithfully until
the date of his discharge, it is really also a
provident feature for the soldier himseir. En
listments are to continue to be made for five
years, but after one year's service a soldier is
permitted, in time of peace, to purchase his
discharge for a prescribed sum. varying with
tho time ho has served, and based upon a re
imbursement of the Government for tho actual
expense of recruiting and transporting a new
man to take his place. At the end of three
years of faithfnl service he is entitled to a free
discharge if he desires it. It also increases tho
vegetable ration, and finally authorizes the
arrest ot deserters by civil officers.
Militia as a National Guard.
Tbe department has endeavored by its co
operation to encourage and aid the National
Guard so far as possible under existing law.
Officers have been detailed to assist in their in
struction, and detachments of regular troops
bave been ordered to participate in some of tbe
larger State encampments. The department
has endeavored to co-operate more especially
with those States which have manifested the
mostlnterest in tbe matter by their own liberal
appropriations aud earnest efforts. The results
haVe been very satisfactory. .Its direct benefits
are palpable, and Its Indirect influence perhaps
even more impor'ant.
Any money which the National Government
expends for our citizen soldiery goes to help
those who help themselves, and is bound to
give proportionately large returns. Under the
present law there Is annually appropriated for
the benefit of the militia 8100,000, while the In
dividual States appropriate in the aggregate,
so far as known, over $2,000,000, and in many
States the militia receive also a considerable
support from local and private sources. If the
appropriation of the general Government
should be Increased, ana I wish it might be, I
bejleve that it would be generously met by a
corresponding Increase by tbe States them
selves. I heartily commend every intelligent
effort to increase the efficiency of the National
Guard, and to bring them Into closer relations
with tho War Department, and hope that
measures to that end may receive favorable
consideration of Congress. One of the most
useful directions which can be given to the
drill and training of the militia ot the seaboard
States is in connection with coast defenses,
wbere its services are most likely to be needed,
if at all. In that particular training tbe sen
eral Government must do more than co-operate;
it must take the initiative.
Tbe report also contains information and
recommendations on the subjects of promo
tions court-martial, ordnance, military evolu
tions, artillery, retirement of officers, signal
corps, military posts and a number of other
matters.
The Serpent's Loss.
From the Philadelphia Times.
While the circumstances of the Serpent's loss
do not directly prove thtalleged faultiness of
build of herself and hef sister ships of the
British navy, the disaster, added to the already
long list that England must deplore, will open
afresh the catalogue of criticism upen the
British Admiralty, and by this we should be
careful to profit.
17, 1890.
LONDON CHURCHES
AND THE PREACHERS WHO OCCUPY
THEIR PULPITS.
Rev. George Hodges Gives III Impressions
of the Religious Side of the "World's
Greatest City The. Famous Spurgeon
and Those "Who Listen to Him.
'There is no lack of preaching m London
suc'4 as it Is. Some of it impresses the
American listener unfavorably. Partly be
cause It Is so brief and inadequate sometimes
you mistrust that tbe preacher chose bis text
and thought out what he was going to say dur
ing tbe singing of tbe hymn before the sermon;
partly because it so commonly nnder-rates the
listeners. People who go to church are for tbe
most part pretty well-intentioned, fairly re
spectable, and moderately Intelligent. But
tbey often failed to give us credit for that in
tho London pulpits.
Indeed, I remember one instance in which
the man in the pulpit abused us most shame
fully. It was one morning at Westminster Ab
bey. Tbe preacher was Canon Furse, who
wore a doctor's hood between his shoulders,
and has written several books, and ought to
have known better. The good man took it for
granted that we were all pickpockets; or, at
least, that If we bad not committed the sin
of plunderingour neighbor's pockets yesterday,
we would without doubt fall beneath the terri
ble temptation to-morrow. He scolded us in
the strongest language of theology, calling us
bad names, and predicting a most uncomfort
able and painful future for us unless we
effected a complete and speedy amendment.
Finally, be warned us against ambition, against
thinking for onrselves, and being discontented
with our obscure and humble lot, and exhorted
us to confine our endeavors to the doing of our
duty in that state of life to which it had pleased
God to call ns. It was very discouraging, in
deed. Perhaps we deserved it. But anyhow,
whether we deserved It or not. It was not the
sort of speech which persuades or nplif ts or
corrects men. 1 heard half a dozen sermons in
England which were very much like it.
A Bishop With a Reputation.
'T'nE Bishop of Peterborongh preached a much
better sermon next door to the Abbey that
morning, at Canon Farrar's church, St. Mar.
caret's. Bishop Magee has a great reputation,
and the cburch was crowded to the doors.
After a good deal of pushing and patience. I
got into a position where I could see tbe
preacher. He used no notes and spoke with
considerable force and, I thought, at consider
able length. His text was "Tbey which wait
at the altar are partakers with the altar."
Serving and partaking; life for God and life
from God. was the note of the sermon.
Mf. Gore, editor ot LuxMundi. that signifi
cant revelation of the broad cburchmanshlp
of high churchmen, preached at an afternoon
service in tbe Abbey. He is a slight man
with a full brown beard, and be seemed to bave
difficulty In making himself heard. He took
several big swallows from a glass of water
which was set upon tbe pulpit. The Abbey did
not seem a bad place to speak in. Of course,
like tbe great cathedrals, it is two big churches
in one: one part being the vast nave, and the
other tbe choir and chancel. The preacher has
his congregation close at band. Mr. Gore was
pretty far away from tbe congregation, bow
ever. In bis sermon. It soared away up over our
heads. It was theological aud scholastic to the
last degree. We could not begin to understand
it. The main point wbicb I remember was that
there is no noed for men to try to get f aitn by
study or by reason; faith comes straight from
God. But a good many of the congregation
did not carry away even so much as that, be
cause they were asleep.
A Queer Meetlng-IIouse.
AT
T Bedford Chapel, one Sunday evening, I
heard a sermon from Stopfurd Brooke.
Bedford Chapel is a queer, meeting-house sort
of place, with high-backed pews provided with
stout doors, and opened by women-ushers in
white caps. There are ngly, square-cornered
galleries along three sides, and a plain table
for an altar, and not a Christian symbol visible
anywhere. When Stopford Brooke went
out of the Churcn of Enciand some
years ago into Unltarianism, he took
his church-building with him and most
of the congregation. They kept their prayer
books and tbe service went on as before with
several changes. Tbey expurgated all the
Trinitarianism out of the prayers and praises
and omitted tbe creed. Stofford Brooko's
pulpit is in the air. Tbe preacher has to climb
quite an extended flight of steps to cet into it.
" It is almost on a level with tbe gallery. .It is
evident at once that whether the sermon will
be over our heads or not. tbe preacher will be.
And tbe preacher emphasized bis elevation by
continually looking up. Tbere was a small con
gregation, and we were all down below; but Mr.
Brooke ignored us altogether. He addressed
bis sermon to the ceiling. He preached about
the armor of God. adventuring into allegory,
and assuring ns that we must put off tbe works
of darkness first, if we expected to put on tbe
armor of light. The way to be good is to stop
being bad.
Camo Near Succeeding Beecher.
D1
e. Joseph Parker is somewhat known in
this country as the preacher who came
near to being tbe successor ot Henry Ward
Beecher at Plymouth Church. He speaks
twice every Suuday and preaches a third ser
mon every week at a noon service on Thursdays.
At all these services tbe City Temnie, a build
ing oi no mean size, is completely nuea. x was
tbere one Thursday noon. More tban half of
tbe great company of listeners were men, and
bright, alert, thoughtful-looking men. too.
There was some congregational slngtncand an
operatic solo by a lady singer at tbe offertory,
and two prayers. But tbe great thing which
we were all there for was the sermon. I sat in
the front seat, and listened to tbe sermon from
beginning to end with the closest attention.
And yet 1 cannot remember to-day what tbe
text was. or what the subject was, or a single
thing which tbe preacher said. I remember
Joseph Parker very distinctly, but his sermon
has quite vanished out of my memory.
And yet it was a thoughtful sermon, and flash
ing with brilliants. But tbe manner flashed
more thrn the matter; and when the sermon
was in progress vou were so dazzled and dazed
and blinded by the corruscations and lightning
flashes of the speaker's voice and cesture tbat
you could see nothing else. Yon could not
shut youreyes;you could not remove them for
an Instant from the speaker. You were In per
petual wonder what he would do next, what he
would say next,and how he would say it. Not six
words, from tbe text to tbe amen, were spoken
as common people speak in our common talk.
Here a word went up and here a word went
down, first forte and then pianissimo, here and
tbere, last and slow, sometimes like a High
land fling, sometimes liKe the Dead March in
"Saul," now the voice was the voice of Bran
erees, son of thunder, and then it wooed as
sweet as any suckling dove. Our eyes ached,
and our ears ached, and our head ached, but
we all listened as if our lives waited upon our
attention. Nobody thought of sleep.
A Good Church for Strangers.
There are always a good many strangers at
the church when Mr. Hawei3 preaches.
Mr. Hawels (pronounced Hotce) Is a little,
short, lame man with a great, fine head. He
is so brief of stature that when he stands be
hind his lectura and spreads open his big Bible
you cannot see him. His head is invisible be
hind tbe book. But you can hear him very
well and that is worth while, indeed. It Is a
revelation to hear Mr. Hawels read the Bible.
You begin to wonder if you bave ever really
read that. It comes with a now meaning into
vour ears, as a new story, as modern as it Is
ancient, fitting in somehow luto this very life
which we are all living every Monday and
Tuesday and Wednesday. Andtnepreachingis
better still, though it is as radical as it can be.
The preacher translates orthodoxy into truths
which men ara learning in tnls very generation.
And sometimes the translation is so remark,
ablvdone that it might be found difficult to
translate the version back again into the orig
inal The "father" would stand aghast, and
even the apostles would probably be somewhat
surprised to hear Mr. Hawels explaining to his
cnnirreiration what those venerable teachers
KalTjineant. "It was true-"it is true"-"lt
is true no loneer." These three sentences re
cite tbe history of every statement of religious
doctrine in human language, according to Mr.
Hawels.
Mr. Spurgeon would never agree to that. It
was true, aud It is true, and if yon do not ac
cept it is It not written that "he that believeth
not shall be damned?" That is what Mr.
Spurgeon has nowtbeso many years been teach
ing and preaching, and Mr. burgeon preaches
the most effective sermons which are uttered
in any pulpit of tbe great city to-day. He did
not stand in a pulpit to preach, when I beard
bim. He stood on the stage of a theater. Mr.
Spurgeon does not believe In goijjg to tbe thea
ter. He had some pretty hard and telling
things to say about four or five hundred of his
brethren, who foolishly allowed themselves to
advertise by their presence the rather question
able plav ot "Judah." The manager gave them
all free tickets one afternoon in the summer,
and had an audience exclusively clerical, all
black coats and white neckties. Mr. Spurgeon
did cot approve of that. But he has no objec
tions to preaching in a tneater or anywhere
else.
A Story Concerning Spurgeon.
tt e spoke at the Metropolitan Music Hall,
near the Edgeware Road station of tbe
underground railway. Tbey were holding a
series of religious services in that
building, and in connection, as it ap
peared, with some open-air meetings in
Hyde Park. And tbey invited Mr. Spurgeon
to make a speech. He began by saying that his
speech would be a good deal like the sign which
tbe sign painter made for tbe innkeeper. The
sign painters' specialty was painting green
dragons. But the inn .keeper wanted an angel
for his sign. "I advise you." said the sign
painter, "to have a green dragon for your Inn."
But, my friend," answered the inn keeper,
"tbere are 50 of yonr green dragons already in
this parish. I must have something different.
Faincmeanaugeir "Very well," replied tbe
sign painter, "since you make such a point of
it, 1 will dc as you desire. I will paint you an
angel. But I give yon warning at tho start that
it will look a great deal like a green dragon!
I am asked for a speecb. tbe preacher said, but
I warn you tbat it will be a great deal like a
sermon.
And then he ocean to preach. His text was
tbe words of tbe Apostles to Thomas, after tbe
first appearance of the Risen Lord on the even
ing of tbe Sunday after the crucifixion. He
narrated tbe events of that memorable evenlnir.
Thomas was not there. 'There are a good
many people," the preacher said, "who don't go
to church In tbe evening! and besides, it was
not a preaching "service; it was only a prayer
meeting; and a small congregation!" But the
Apostles didn't abuse Thomas because he had
stayed away, instead ot tbat, tbey told bim
what a wonderful good time they hay bad.
"We have seen the Lord!" they said. That was
the subject of the sermon "Seeing the Lord."
A Resemblance to Jloody.
fyTB. Spuroeon is like Moody. He has
Moody's earnestness, directness, plain'
straightforward speech and evident sincerity.
And beside that, he is an orator.
Not in the Joseph Parker fasbion, but
with such gifts and Graces and forces of utter
ance tbat you foreet the speaker, and never
even think of thinking of the manner: your
whole attention is for what he says. And it
gets Into your mind and into your heart, and
into your conscience. And you feel as if you
are almost as bad as Canon Force says yon are,
but you say that to vourself this time, and
that makes a v.ist difference. You follow tbe
sermon with a running commentary of good
resolutions, and you carry out some of them
afterward, too, for you can't get tbat truth
which you bave heard out of your mind. You
remember it for a longtime, and are better
for it.
The best sermon wbich 1 beard in London
was preached by Mr. Spurgeon.
DB. KOCH'S CAREER.
His Brother at St. Louis Relates the Story of
His Boyhood.
St. Louis, November 16. Dr. Robert Kocb.
the German scientist, has a brother living in
this city. Dr. Koch is the third son, while the
first is Mr. Arnold Kocb, president of the Red
heffer t Koch Art Company.
"I cannot sav much of my brother's recent
life," said Mr. Koch to-day, "as I have lived in
this country many years. My correspondence
with him has been kept up constantly. Robert
is the third of the children, tbe first nine of
whom were boys. According to tbe laws of
Hanover, when a mother gives birth to seven
male children in succession tbe King must be
godfather to the seretitn, and the mother re
ceives an elegant silver present from the
Government. While the rest of us
spent onr leisure time fishing and hunting.
Robert devoted his hours to study and observa
tion, and one of bis favorite pastimes was to
studv lichens and mosses under tbe microscope.
At 17 he had completed bis course in the High
School of Clansthal, Hanover, but was unable
to enter the University of Cottingen until be
was 18. At tbe University he wrote a prize
essay in his second year, taking it away from
hundreds of senior students. His course as a
physician at Posen, wbere ho first began tbe
study of bacteria, bis service during the
Franco-German war, his investigation and es
tablishment of the cholera cerui, are all mat
ters of record."
Mr. Koch bears a striking resemblance to his
distinguished brother.
THE IMMIGRATION PROBLEM.
A Congressional Committee En Route to
the Pacific Coast.
Chicago, November 16. At the Grand Pa
cific tbere arrived to-day Charles li. Reade, As
sistant Sergeant at Arms of the United States
Senate. Mr. Beade comes to Chicago with tbe
Joint Committee of Congress on Immigration
and Naturalization, of which committee upon
the part of the Senate is Hon. William E.
Chandler, of New Hampshire, Chairman, and
upon the part of tbe House of Representatives
Hon. W. B. Owen, of Indiana. Chairman.
The first business wbicb this committee bad
in band was tbo establishment of an iminigra
tion station in New York, to take the place ot
Castle Garden. Subsequently this committee
visited Chicago. Cincinnati, St. Louis and De
troit, and obtained testimony npon general
matters Intrusted to tbeni-
At a meeting of tbe committee during the
last session of Conirresi a sub-committeo was
appointed to take testimony on the Pacific
coast upon tbe subject of Chinese Immigration
and other matters. The committee are now en
route West. At Spokane Falls the first meet
ing will be held. From there tbe committee
will proceed to Seattle. Port Townsend, San
Francisco, Los Angeles and San Dieso. Tho
committee expect to finish their investieations
in order to be back at Washington by Decem
ber 20.
AH EAGLE TRAPPED.
Capture of a Monster Specimen of the
American Bird Near Logan, Ohio.
Logan, O., November IS. Ezra Bowers, liv
ing seven miles from Logan, caught a gray
eagle yesterday In a steel trap set for dogs. He
brought it to Logan to-day, and sold It to
Colonel Rempcl, wiiosent it to Warden Dyerat
Columbus. The eagle measures 7 feet 6 inches
from tip to tip. It is a beautiful specimen.
BARING BROTHERS.
Philatjelphia Mecord: The stock market
flurry is practically at an end. now that the
safety of the great London house of Baring
Brothers has been assured.
Philadelphia Times: There is no reason
to hope tbat thorough liquidation will not be
necessitated. If it be, money may be for a time
more valuable than ever before.
New York World: The news tbat Baring
Brothers had come to grief was received with
muchregret in this city, and tbe further news
tbat help had been extended to tbe firm was
hailed with pleasure.
Wall Street Journal of Finance: Under the
worst possible circumstances Wall street's
panic must soon be ended and over a thing of
history merely, bnt of such bistory as has not
been known since tbe time of Black Friday.
Wall Street Daily Investor: The cause of the
unprecedented disturbance and dancer in the
financial world recently experienced m Eng
land has been happily settled, aud in a way
that onght to promptly restore confidence
everywhere. '
Philadelphia Press: The Banks of Eng
land and France have beaded the greatest
syndicate the world has ever seen to avert the
greatest failure which iias ever threatened its
trade. This combination has succeeded. The
loss is circumscribed. Slow liquidation will
begin.
Wall Street Daily News: The assets and
securities of the Barings are to be placed m
trust for a stated period. While the outcome
of the affair in a measure can be considered
reassuring, yet tbe effect of an embarrassment
of this magnitude will be felt throughout the
civilized world.
New York Star: With the opportunity for
reflection supplied by the Intervening of a day
of rest, it is believed that investing and specu
lative interests may be convinced that the
worst of the disturbances is over, both here
and abroad, and tbat tbe period of improve
ment can now set in.
New York Times: Distrust of the strength
of others rather than any consciousness ot
personal weakness was tbe basis of tbe appre
hension tbat filled the minds of tbe frequenters
of the street. A day of repose and
meditation ought to bring a wholesome feeling
of confidence and put a somewhat saner aspect
upon the proceedings of the market to-morrow.
New York Tribune: No railroad, no bank,
no other corporation in this country, is in
trinsically of less value because of this disturb
ance. The fact tbat many stocks were held at
prices not justified by their earning power or
prospects need not be disputed,' but there are
many others which are worth more than cur
rent prices, as substantial investors are not
slow to perceive
New York Press: This Sunday is a most
welcome day of rest to the financial capitals of
the world, namely, London and New York.
The past week has been one not only of excite
ment, but of peril. There is good reason to be
lieve that the threatened danger is now over,
the leading financial institutions of both cities
having averted serious disaster by co-operating
to sustain tbo important concerns in their re
spective communities which were embarrassed.
New York Herald: The mysterious in
fluence that so longdepressed our stock market
in face of apparently favorable conditions is
now explained. Doubtless tbe embarrassed
firm disposed of its "American" as among tho
most available of its resources, anu tne lew in
high places who may have Known Its position
have also unquestionably been-selling to escape
the crash wbich wonld have occurred but for
the bold and clever stroke by which tho dis
aster has been averted.
CUH.I0US CONDENSATIONS.
Pennsylvania established the first hospi
tal in America, in 175L
From less than 20 acres of land a farmer
near Butteville, Ore., sold hops to the value ot
510.500 this season.
In the Middle Ages the lower animals
were frequently tried, convicted, and punished
for various offences.
The beautiful swallow-tailed kite has
accomplished the feat of flying across tbe
whole Atlantic Ocean.
Although the virus from a wolf-bite is
not more virulent than that from the bite of a
rabid dog, yet its action on the blood is much
more rapid.
VT. H. Dobson, of Havre de Grace,
Md., has a record of 520 ducks killed in one
day. This feat he performed in ISH, and it has
never been equaled.
No doubt exists as to the fact that many
deep-sea animals do emit light, though the pre
cise nature of the mechanism for its emission
is not always certain.
There was a stage of civilization before
the tinder-box came in, and tbat was a time
when fire had to be kept in. and If it went out,
borrowed from a neighbor.
In 1GS5, when the Protestant chapel at
Rochelle was condemned to be demolished, tbs
bell thereof was publicly whipped for having
assisted heretics with Its tongue.
The rapidity with which a hawk and
many other birds occasionally fly is probably
not less tban at tbe rate of 150 miles an hour,
when either pursued or pursuing.
Tne city gas works of Berlin brought
$1,750,000 clear profit into the treasury during
tbe last financial year, despite the unusually
heavy expenditures for new gas bouses and
conductors.
In.Scotland the honor of slaying the
last wolf is contested by Clan Cameron and
Clan Mackintosh, tbe former attributing it to
Sir Ewen Cameron of Locbiel, who killed his
wolf In A, D. 1630.
"We know now that arctic and polar
creatures depend ultimately for all their food
upon the swarms of little pelagic or open-sea
auimals which are carried northward by warm
currents towards tbe frozen regions.
The way of an eagle in the air is one of
those things of which Solomon expressed him
self ignorant, and there is something truly
marvelous in the mechanism which controls
tbe scythe-like sweep of wing peculiar to most
birds of prey.
From reliable data the Oregon weather
bureau estimates tbe following average yield
for tbe State: Wheat, 26 bushels per acre; oats.
42 bushels; barley. 38 bushels: rye. IS bushels,
and hay, two tons per acre, except alfalfa,
wbich averages four tons.
There are the curious ribbon-6sh, with
their fins prolonged into feelers many times as
long as the body; and tbere are other Strang
types with pointed tails and eyeless heads that
look more like nightmares tban actual produc
tions of matter-of-fact nature.
A native gentleman of Bombay has
been investigating tbe ancient history of the
game of bat-ball (or chowgangui) as given in
the epic of the Persian poet Firdnsi. A came
something, but not very mucb like cricket ap
pears to have been played centuries ago in
Persia.
In 12C6 a pig was burned at Fontaney-aux-Roses,
near Paris, for having eaten a child.
In 13SG a judge of Falaise condemned a sow to
be mutilated aud hanged for a similar offense.
Three years later a horse was solemnly tried
before tbe magistrate and condemned to death
lor having killed a man.
The American passenger pigeon com
passes the whole Atlantic Ocean. The speed
of its flight is approximately known, and it is
able to cover L00O miles in 24 hours. This, in
deed, is marvelous when it is seen that, flying at
the rato of nearly 70 miles an hour, it takes the
bird two days and mchts to cross.
The question has arisen, whether Poly
nesian architecture is of Asiatic or South Amer
ican orlein; and it is thought that tbe prepon
derance ot evidence is in favorof theAsiatia
theory. Indeed, it seems probable that tho
American continent was influenced br the same
migration from Aia which gave tbe copper
colored races to Polynesia.
There is a present craze among collec
tors for old tapestrie. Six tapestries which
wero sold some 15 years ago from the old Liv
ingston manor house forSIOO, have jnst been
resold for $10,000; and five large old Flemish
specimen', which Mr. William C Prime, the
well-known arrbajolo-rist, paid J600 lor in 1872;
are now valued at 55,000 apiece.
Oue reason why the remarkable archi
tectural remains existing In the many islands of
tho Pacific bave as yet attracted so little atten
tion lias been the prevailing idea of their com
paratively recent construction, combined with
tho fact that very few o! them have been exam
ined by such travelers as have stndied the arch
ltecture and economy of primitive races.
There was displayed iu the window of
the First National Bank of Albany, Wash.,
last Saturday, tho first gold brick ever pro
duced by the mines on the Santiam river. Tbe
Albany Mining and Milling Company has
erected a small mill on their property in that
region, and a SIOO brick was tbe result ot the
first five and one-half ton lot of ore worked.
So effectual had been the transmission
ot tbe fearful poison, and so wholly does tbo
diseaso still mock at man's efforts to counter
act it, that of tbose 26 patients who were bitten
bv a mad wolf and afterward inoculated by M.
Pasteur, five died in Paris, and four more, who
bad been treated with apparent success, died
ot hydrophobia immediately after their return
to Russia.
November, 1740, was ushered in by ont
of tbe most furious and fatal gales of tbe
centnry. Between Boston and Lynn 60 ships
and upward lay wrecked. At Whitbv. the
damage done both at sea and ashore was in
credible, and from tbe Firth of Forth to tba
month of the Thames, there was scarce a port
or fishing village escaped without damage and
1033 of life.
The Bacteriological Institute of Vienna
has been conducting experiments on dirt taken
ftom finger nails, and 78 examinations have
been made. Tile process was to put the dirt in
"cnltlvatinc mixtures." such as are used for
supplying germs with food on which todevelop.
The crop that erew from the germ In the dirt
was a varied one, and included 36 kinds of
micrococci, and many others.
In the fifteenth century it was popu
larly believed that cocks were intimately asso
ciated with witches: and they were somewhat
credited with the power of laying accursed
eg::?, from which sprang winged serpents. In
1174. at Bale, a cock was publicly accused of
having laid one of these dreadful eggs. He
was tried, sentenced to death, aud, together
with the egg. was burned by tbe executioner in
tbe market-place amid a great concourse ot
people.
THE MEItET-GO-BOUND.
Philadelpbians mast wake up. Phila
delphia Record.
Runaway couple from Philadelphia (in
Camden) Say, Parson, will you loin uT
Parson Thanks. Don't care It I do." Texas
Slfttngs.
The Attorney General has been asked
whether newspaper guesses Is a lottery, and. he
guesses not. Philadelphia Record.
Senator Ingalls has been offered a position
on the Sew York Sun at a salary of $10,000 a year.
Dana has been dead stack on IngalU ever since
he said tbat the election of Urover Cleveland mads
the pretensions of the humblest citizen to the
Presidency respectable. Kansas City Star.
"Why don't yon join our athletic club. The
initiation fee is only a hundred and the monthly
dues only SI0.
1 am afraid that I could never be an athlete.
Why not shortness of breath?
Ah. bo: merely shortness ot funis. Texas
Sifting s.
"I hear yer lost yer whiskers, Captain
Reilly,"sald a good-bearted-looklnjc individual
to tbe captain of the Nineteenth precinct yeter
day. "Yes. the barber did shave them off while I hap
pened to be asleep, but I've grown some more."
Sol see. hat here's a set I'll give yer ter aw
In case yer should fall asleep s'm'other tune."
Thanks."
Don't mention it." JTeio Tor Journal.
Counsellor John Griffith, of Brooklyn, re
signed his seat to a lady going uptown In a Sings
county elevated train tbe other day, when, to hl
astonishment, a man slipped Into the vacant place
and the lady didn't say a word.
"Here," said the lawyer, "I gave that seat to
this lady. What
"Oh, that's all right: she's mywlfe."and the
follower of Blackstone had to lave the train at
the next station to et some air. Sew Tort Jour
nal. A REVISED VERSIOK.
"Where are you going, my pretty maid?"
'I'm going to church, kind sir," she said.
Who la to preach to you my pretty maid?"
'Old Vt. Prosy, kind air." the said.
"How can you stand theman.myprettTmald?"
"Xoa see, he's my papa, kind sir," she said.
i'sia XoTk UtratO,