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1 THE RIVER NILE
A Charminfi Letter of Trarel From
the Pen of Mr. BenrjPhipps,
Jr., of the Gas City.
THE SLAVE TRADE EXEMPLIFIED.
Two Lads of Ten and Twelve Chained to the
Floor of the Tourists' Steamer
bjan Arab Dealer.
DETOTIOS OP A 6WAETHX MOTHER.
Wonderfol Sljhts and Eeeses In lbs Land THiere
CMlizatios Bad Its Birth.
Sr"
HE following letter
was written by Mr.
Henry Phipps,. under
date of Constantino
ple, April 21, to Mr.
John A. Brashear, and
is reproduced here
through the latter's
courtesy:
I wish you could
have been with ns on
the trip, which is now
drawing to a close. It
has been instructive,
long and interesting,
and most of it over
ground entirely new to us. The climate of
Egypt is very fine, much like what yon and
I enjoyed in Southern California about a
year ago. Passing through Italy on onr
way southward, that land famed for art,
poetry and romance, we stopped atBavenna,
which is a charming old town, where Byron
lived, loved and wrote. During the great
days of Borne, BaTenna was a seaport, bnt
now it is eight miles from the Adriatic
Not only people, customs, laws and religion
change, but even the very land itself is
shitting and changing. We saw much that
called forth our enthusiasm, not only at
BaTenna, but at Bimini and Anecna, which
we took in on onr way to Brindisi, where
we sailed on a P. & O. steamer January 20.
CAME KEAB GOING TO PIECES.
A voyage of four days ot bright skies and
lovely seas brought ns to the fine harbor of
Alexandria, where we came to anchor at 7
o'clock in the morning of a June like day.
Bnt here my little tronbles began. I was
beset by a crowd of men, big and noisy, of
various colors and costumes, and some with
bnt little clothes to speak of. Tbey were
talking in a strange tongue and gesticulat
ing fiercely, all eager to move our" luggage,
and it was very exciting guarding onr dozen
pieces of impedimenta. Two or three arti
cles would be snatched up by as many men,
only to be put down on uy demand, and
then turning 'round I found'balf a dozen of
our bags moving off in another direction;
bnt the persuasive movements of my cane
preserved our property, and just at this
Section of the Great Pyramid.
juncture, when my need was the sorest, an
agent of GaziS offered his services, and
thanks to his energy we were hurried
through the custom house and put on a
train that got to Cairo five hours in advance
of our fellow travelerson the steamer.
What a journey it was, every sight new
and interesting; it we had dropped into an
other planet, 1 doubt if the transition could
be more surprising than our first impressions
of Africa.
ONE VAST PAKOBAMA.
At Shepheard's Hotel we found English,
Scotch and American friends, with whom
we had a very enjoyable time. Perhaps no
city in the world shows so much that is pic
turesque as Cairo. Sitting in the garden of
the hotel, which from its near and elevated
position, commands a view of the favorite
street, we saw what may be compared to a
moving'panorama of beauty and brilliancy
of color, kaleidoscopic in its attractions and
surprises. Cairo is the gathering place of
almost all nationalities, Eastern, Western
and Southern, and many ol them take pride
in wearing their distinctive costumes; even
the Scotch Highlander, with his kilt and
bagpipe, was not wanting in the picture.
It was common to see long processions of
camels passing in single file, and to us
strangers the patient beasts were quite in
teresting. Tbey had a dignified mien, a
noble appearance that won our admiration.
Bach face had an individuality about it that
made it worthy ot study. Never did a
number pass but they received, I was going
to say our undivided attention, but this was
shared by their strange riders and drivers.
The donkeys and donkey boys were very in
teresting, and it is quite the proper thing to
go riding on a donkey with a boy to drive
it, and it is really a trouble to keep the boy
at a reasonable gait, as be is so fond of
hitting and shouting at bis donkey, and
though he has to run to keep up with it, he
delights in his labor. He is usually a quick
witted lad, and canses much amusement.
One thing he never forgets: He praises his
donkey, himself and his patron, and winds
up with a request for backsheesh. These,
with some funny variations, continue to be
his talk till his trip is accomplished.
VERY SUPEEIOB DOXKEXS.
The donkeys are much superior to what
we see in the United States, they are very
useful, and almost indispensable to the
country, their gaits differ, but most of them
are good rackets. They are cheaply kept
and come within the reach of poor as well
as the rich, and both are glad to use them.
The mosques at Cairo are very fine, but
do not compare in my mind with the great
cathedrals and churches ot England and
the Continent. We went to a school and
saw the boys all sitting on the floor learn
ing the Koran, which seems their chief
study, and all were talking at the same
time. A friend of mine, an English M. P.,
pleased with the appearance of the children,
and in response to their outstretched bands,
gave them some small coins, when the
teacher, elated at their success, advanced
and presented his open palm. Bnt this was
too much for the English legislator, who
had himself been a teacher, and respected
the profession. This incident illustrates
how strong and wide-spread is the love ot
backsheesh.
Bound about Cairo there are many very
interesting excursions. Nearby is the land
of Goschen which deserves its name for
richness. Imagine us becoming enthusiastic
over the antiquities ot Italyl We should
have reserved ourselves, and tried to do
justice to Egypt. Think of Memphis which
it said to bare been seven thonsand years old
when Abraham and Joseph saw it, or con
sider Heliopolis, the City of the Sun, now
only marked by a standing needle or mono
lith of fine proportions, beautiiully sculp
tured. Propably npon this stone ihait
Moses has often looked, as it was here he
"learned all the wisdom of the Egyptians,"
.snd.it was here where Joseph married the
'high priest's daughter, ana where Jeremiah
penned his lamentations, and Plato wrote
bis immortal thoughts.
OW TOP OF CHEOPfi.
8T bUm of ft pleaiant drive from j
srii
Cairo, on a road lined with fine trees, whose
widespread branches meet overhead, brought
us to the great Sphinx. Though it is sadly
mutilated, and eren so recently ss last
March made worse by the vandal bands of
British soldiers, whose aim should have
been to protect and not to destroy, yet it
has remnants of its strange beanty and dig
nity which, with its antiquity, have called
forth many an eloquent tribute. Of course
we did the pyramids of Gizeh, mounted to
the top of Cheops, the largest one, and,
resting, reflected on the many changes the
world had seen since this tomb and monu
tnene of pride had been reared by the toil of
thousands ot slaves, iora lull apprecia
tion of the size of this pyramid one must
explore the inside and see, as wc did, its
immense and wonderful construction. The
interior was to ns a work of more difficulty
Specimen of Early Egyptian Weodcarvlng.
than climbing the outside, but it well re
paid us, and a second or third visit height
ens one's respect for these mighty monu
ments. The Arabs have a saying that "All
things fear time, bnt time fears the pyra
mids." The trip np the Nile is delightful and in
structive, and well deserves the praise be
stowed upon it. I hope you heard Miss
Edwards' lecture. In her book. "A Thnn-
sand Miles TJp the Jwle," she says the trip
consists of boat rides, donkey rides and
ruins, and this is a good summing up, as
we found by pleasant experience. We were
three weeks on the steamer, making the
trip to the first cataract and return. 1 had
pictured to myself that the banks of the
Nile were bordered with reeds and aquatic
plants, bnt such is not the case, and it was
rarely that the date palm, the most import
ant tree of the countrv, comes to the edge of
the river.
TAXDTO THE SATE TAIiJIS.
In the West Indies, the cocoanut palm
trees are found usually in abundance,
stretching along for miles right on the
border oi the sea. From the deck of our
steamer, the beautiful palm trees were,
always in view, and they gave a great
charm to the landscape, and especially when
the palms were bathed in the golden rays of
the western sun, we had a lovely picture
that will be treasured lor years. Among
the sad things one hears in .this country is
that the date palms, which produce an im
portant article of lood, are heavily taxed
after five years ot age, whether they bear or
not and so, often in ignorance, the male
tree is destroyed to escape the burden of
taxes to the owner, and thus the productive
ness of the bearing palm trees is often in
jured. Our boat would frequently tie up to ena
ble the passengers to visit the ruins, which
in many cases are in wonderful preserva
tion. For countless ages these ruins were
deeply buried, and we can thank the dry
The Slave Boys in Chains.
sand's kindly protection for many of the
treasures we enjoyed, as by this means the
finger of even time was stayed, as well as
the hand of man no less destructive. The
steamer was fastened up at night, so we
missed none of the scenery, and everything
was quiet for the night's rest Our sympa
thies often went out to the poor fellaheen
engaged in the monotonous and wearysone
labor of lifting water to a higher level for
irrigating. Tney were clad with only a rag
round their loins, and their condition was a
pitiable one.
FOE TEH- CENTS A. DAX
The most laborious method of those we
saw, was where a basket lined with leather
was used, and to each ot the two sides was a
rope with a man; these men would swing the
basket into the water so as to fill it, and then
swing and empty the water into a higher
level, from whence the water distributed
itself over the farm. But the plan most in
use was the "shadoof," very like the appli
ance at deep wells in the West, a pole rest
ing on a cross bar, one end of which is
weighted and the other has a pole and a
bucket fastened to it This mode involves
less expenditure of muscle, as the tellah
used some of his own weight iu lowering
and filling the bucket, which to a large ex
tent raises itself; bnt this work carried on
for nine hours overtaxes the strength of al
most any man, and the small sum of 10
cents of our money is the wage per day.
Blindfolded oxen were also nsed to raise
water for irrigating by turning a wheel to
which earthen jars are tied. These empty
themselves as the wheel comes ronnd to a
higher level, but your mechanical mind
would be worried to see the waste of water
and power by this method, and which it
seems to me could be easily remedied. The
traveler is mnch surprised at the readiness
with which the poor Egyptians receive
blows, but such is the cumulated effects of
ill-treatment for thousands of years, that
the very spirit is taken out of them and one
wonders if ever an independent wish or idea
could be implanted-in their minds.
NATIVES SOUSED "WITH 'WATEB.
At Belliannah, one morning, when we
were preparing to visit the remains of
Abydos, a large crowd of men and boys had
gathered at our steamer's landing with don
keys seeking employment. The saddles
were owned and carried by the boat, and in
apportioning them the poor natives showed
they were wild to get work, shouting and
struggling frantically. Though we had ex
perienced muoh excitement on such occa
sions before, we had seen nothing like this
in intensity.
Notwithstanding the manager of the boat
and the dragoman, both Egyptians, nsed
their whips severely, the poor natives bore
the infliction without reiiitancs, or ran to
f - THE
another place in the crowd to continue the
struggle. One of the tourists humanely
suggested throwing water on them, which
was done, and calmed the strife so that the
saddles could be distributed without being
torn to pieces. Many poor fellows were
disappointed, but it could not be Helped.
The distance to Abvdos. was seven
miles in a hot, blazing sun, and the
owner and attendant of the donkey
had to run along with it at a pretty
lively rate and the regulation pay was only
equal to 10 or 15 cents of onr American
money. What the pay for the donkey was
we do' not know, as it was embraced in our
ticket. Speaking ot blows inflicted on the
natives, I may mention that at Assouan
there were a number of Soudanese who,
with the natives, crowded on the landing
stage, and the whip was used to drive them
away, but when a Soudanese was struck, it
was plain to be seen that it would be dan
gerous to repeat the blow. The flashing
eye, the erect figure and the stern counte
nance told of centuries of wild freedom the
race had enjoyed, and it was not in their
nature to brook a wrong. We were not sur
prised that the Soudanese in well-fought
battlefields have again and again beaten
the British army, nntil prond Britain was
forced to abandon the struggle.
THE BASTINADO NO MORE.
Thanks to English influence, bastinadoing
'has been abolished in Egypt for non-payment
of taxes. This punishment has come
down from the times of the Pbaroahs, and
perhaps'even earlier, but I was surprised to
learn from Mr. Russell, who was a member
of Congress from Massachusetts, and who
spent three months on the Nile iu a
dahabeah and who got well acquainted
with the people, that this humane reform he
found to be unpopular, and the explanation
was that if the lather who had a farm of a
few acres did not pay his taxes he is now
sold out, and he and his wife and children
are reduced to poverty, and maybe, never to
rise again, while from the bastinadoing in
time the father recovers, and the little farm,
home and all are saved.
The path of the reformer is a hard one,
fighting the customs and prejudices of
thousands of rears. I wish tne English all
success in their good work in Egypt, and
wonld be sorry to hear of their withdrawal.
Among other strange things pictured on the
tombs, is that of bastinadoing, it is shown
even applied to women, though women stood
higher, it is said, in Egypt than any ancient
nation.
A "WHEEL WITH A METAIi TIBE.
My mechanical friend, inventor and mu
sical composer from Cincinnati, Mr. Doane,
called my attention to a chariot shown with
spoked wheels, and what we took to be
tire. Another place showed carrier pigeons
being sent to the four quarters of the world.
On the walls at Luxor there is a large
Sculptured picture ot a genealogical tree,
with cartouches or seals of great men on the
trnnk and branches, but I failed to find one
of Adam at the root. He should not have
been omitted, as It was so near his time, ac
cording to some writers.
I would think quite probable what you
write of Dr Draper, saying that there was
a high state of civilization in Egypt 35,000
years ago. We saw no signs of the in ancy
of art. The further back the more perfect
it appears, and of course it could not have
sprung into existence at once, but must
have been slowly evolved from a primitive
beginning.
Our pilot on the Nile was quite a char
acter, be stood at the bow of the boat, and
when the water was shallow, measured the
depth with a pole, and gave directions to the
man at the wheel on the top deck. This
hard working Mohammedan was regular at
his devotions, morning, noon and night.
First he went through his ablutions (wash
ing his face, hands and feet) and then
spreading a rng kept for the purpose he
Enelt at the bow of the boat with his face
tnrned toward Mecca and recited his
prayers, and all present were impressed that
he was a faithful, good man.
TEABS OP DISAPPOINTMENT.
When our steamer got aground, and it,
became evident we could not reach the first
cataract owing to the low water, onr gray
haired pilot worn out with worry and work,
sat down and cried with a disappointment.
He was at least one faithful energetic man
we found in the East, among the many who
were lacking in these qualities.
A steamer of the same line, the Cleopatra,
bound in the same direction came along,
and with less than half a day's dentention,
we were on our way to Assowan. The in
crease of heat told not only of the advanc
ing season, but that we were going South.
Assowan, which we reached in 15 hours, we
found a very tropical place. We enjoyed
very much a visit to the Island of Philae,
and we well remember it as the most ro
mantic ruins and locations we saw in Egypt.
Near Philae is the first cataract of the
Nile and the end of onr journey. Nubia
would be attractive to visit, but we had to
deny ourselves that pleasure, reserved it
perhaps for some future day. So, after
seeing the natives "shoot" the cataract, we
turned our faces toward Cairo. On reach
ing the steamer we found an unusual com
'motion, and on pushing through the crowd
we saw an Arab with two bovs of 10 and 12
years of age chained to the floor. Near by
stood the mother of the younger lad, herself
not 25, and in appearance even younger, bnt
there she stood the" very picture of grief.
She had come on foot all the way lrom
Wady Halfah, a distance of 210 miles
further south, but a mother's love cares not
for distance or difficulties.
INTENDED FOB SLATES.
The Arab had led off these children, in
tending to take them to Cairo and privately
sell them as slaves, to become the guardians
in time of harems. Slavery is forbidden
by law, but is still carried on extensively.
The "peculiar institution" and the Mos
lem religion require that wives should be
watched, and so the demand is large for
these ugly black slaves, of whom we have
seen many in our travels in the East. Just
lately in Constantinople the Grand Yizier
has called the attention of the police to the
fact that the Turkish women are not con
forming to their religion and laws in hiding
their faces, etc Perhaps this indicates a
growing feeling toward greater freedom
among the women.
To come back to the Arab, he was now a
prisoner to be taken to Cairo for trial, and
the boys as witnesses. It seemed to me
that the slave dealer would have the chil
dren so scared be 'ore they reached trial that
they would be poor witnesses, and the crim
inal, by the aid of a sharp, experienced
lawyer, would be acquitted. The poor
mother wanted to go with her boy, fearing
she would never see him again; but the
Government officer said it was not necessary
and that the children would be safely re
tnrned. We had our doubts, knowing what
a farce justice is in the East, where money
more than justice wins its way.
The tourists took up 'a collection for the
poor woman, but a little Liter I saw her,
mother like, give the money to her hoy, to
find its way, no doubt, int the Arab's
pocket. By returning to our boat, 150
miles down the river, we lost sight of the
children and the criminal and never heard
what became of them.
Baby Carriages,
In all shapes and sizes, at exceptionally low
prices at Jacob J, Fucii', 1710 Canon it,
A PN-,
Lifting the Water.
PITTSBTJfiGTe-pispATOE"
HYPNOTISM IS A FAD.
The Usual Phenomena Capable
Keprodnction in Other JYays.
of
DEDUCTIONS OP DB. RICHARDSON.
Drinking Water is by Ko Means Made Tare
by the Boiling Process.
A PIANO WITH. A CHANGEABLE KEY
rraEFABED FOB THE DISPATCH.!
Dr. B. W. Bichardson, in an exhaustive
article on "The Hypnotic Epidemic," ad
vances the opinion that hypnotism is simply,
as was mesmerism in former days, a craze,
which will secure not more than a passing
recognition at the hands of the medical pro
fession. Several of the phenomena usually
associated with hypnotism, he asserts, are
qnite capable of being exhibited indepen
dently. He relates that early in his medical
life one of the most widely known mesmer
istsvof the time was acenstomed to bring be
fore his audiences a man called Jordan,
whom he wonld mesmerize and then stick
needles into in a free and promiscuous man
ner. On one occasion 10 needles were buried
up to their eyes in Jordan's muscles, and so
firmly were they imbedded that they could
not have been withdrawn if there had not
beet) a thread to pull at, yet Jordan gave
no sign whatever of pain.
Dr. Bichardson says: "This would almost
have converted me, but it so happened that
a tailor, who looked the very picture of
nervousness, put me out of belief next day
by showing the same experimont on himself,
and by actually passing a threaded needle
through his cheek, drawing the thread alter
it Later in life I found that this needle
experiment was easily learned, and, if I
wished, I could go at this moment to one of
my learned colleagues of the Boyal Society,
who is also a distinguished member of the
House of Commons, and see him perform
the burying a needle in bis muse'es without
winking or offering a sign of pain."
Mr. Bichardson also mentions two curious
and contradictory cases where anaesthetics
were exhibited with unusual results. He
had on one occasion made a part of the body
of a man so dead with ether spray that he
was afraid of having carried the local death
too far. It was incredible that the patient
could feel anything in the densely frozen
tissues, yet when the surgeon's knife
divided them the cries of the man were
heartrending 'and continued so until the
close of the operation. On the following
day the patient wrote a warm letter of
thanks to the Doctor, saying that from the
beginning to the end ot the operation he was
unconscious of the slightest suffering. Being
asked afterward why he cried so much he re
plied: "It was sheer tright. As soon as I
saw Sir William (Ferguson) take ud his
knife I began to scream, and tor the life of
me I could not stop; the more I tried the
worse I got, but positively I never felt a
touch of pain."
On another occasion a patient passed
through an operation under ether spray not
only without showing signs of pain, but
saying at that moment that it was "quite
delightful to be so entirely free from suffer
ing of any kino;" and still that same patient
the next day declared that the agony was
fearful, and that to save her life she would
not go through the same ordeal again.
Dr. Bichardson gives illustrations of
phenomena apparently hypnotic which are
produced by other means. Ndrcotic drugs
and vapors frequently have this effect, and
he once made a vaporisable compound after
inhaling whichpersons would be brought
into a state of dream or unconsciousness,
and wonld do anything requested of them,
carrying on conversation, etc., without any
after recollection of what had occurred.
The administration of haschish is followed
by the same results. Dr. Bicbardson's ulti
matum is that, judging by past experience,
for the temporary annihilation of pain the
hypnotic method will never become a serious
rival of the physical annstbesia, local and
general, produced by etner and other vola
tile substances, and that probabilities point
to the extinction of hypnotism rather than
to its advancement.
Compressed Tea,
An attempt is being to introduce the use
of compressed tea. It is claimed that It has
many advantages over loose tea, the chief
of which is that the leaves being, sub
mitted to heavy hydraulic pressure, all the
cells are broken and the constituents of the
leaf are more easily extracted by the boil
ing water, thus effecting a considerable sav
ing in the quantity required for use. Its
great advantages over loose tea, however,
wonld seem to be its more portable char
acter, and in the case of long sea voyages,
or for use in expeditions, the reduction of
its trulk to one-third. The compression of
tea in blocks further, it is said, constitutes
a real and important improvement in the
treatment of the leaf. It is claimed that
trouble, waste and uncertainty are avoided
and that exactitude in measuring is insured.
It is also alleged that by compression the
aromatio properties of the leaf are retained
for a much longer period, and that it is
better preserved from damp and climatic
changes.
A Transposing: Piano.
Concert goers to whose lot it may have
fallen to listen to a song being delivered in
one key while the accompaniment was
played in another, will greet with satisfac
tion the introduetion of a transposing piano,
by means of which mnsio can be transposed
into any key at will. The object in view is
accomplished by a movable back, i. e.: The
solid back, upon which the strings are
strung, instead of being rigidly fixed to the
case, as in the ordinary way, is fitted on
rollers, and" is moved literally with the
greatest ease by means of a lever
underneath the keyboard at the side of the
performer. In all other respects the con
struction is the same as in the ordinary
piano. Any desired change of key can be
made in two or three seconds. The move
ment can be worked with perfect ease, and
the mechanism is of so simple a character
that its liability to get out of order is prac
tically nil.
Balloon Racing? a Train.
As the Spencer war balloohf in a recent
ascent from the Boyal' Military Exhibition,
now being held in England, reached Plais
tow, a train was passing through bound for
Shoeburyness. On the arrival of the train
at Shoeburyness, to the surprise of the
guard, the balloonist! were quietly waiting
for him to take them and their maohine
back to Iioncdn, the balloon having accom
plished the journey in 20 minutes less than
the train. The voyage through the air
was very interesting, and when at an alti
tude of 7,300 feet, as recorded by the
aneroid barometer, the throbbing of a steam
engine could be distinctly heard, also the
report of a sportsman's gun, accompanied
by the bark of a dog. The traveling was
at the rate of about 25 miles an hour, but to
the aeronauts the balloon was apparently
stationary, and it was with great surprise
that, on emerging from the clouds, they
found what distance had been actually cov
ered. Animal Instinct.
Nature gives an interesting account of an
incident illustrative of animal instinct
which recently took place in Scotland. The
snpply of water from a neighboring lake
had been interfered with for ten successive
nights. On an examination being 'made
each morning, a number of eels were dis
covered in the sluice where the water was ten
fe'et deep. Thirty altogether were obtained,
all females. One of these, 32 Inches long,
and about two pounds in weight, was ex
amined. The ovary, which was about 12
inches long in situ, and abont SO inches
Inner when unraveled, was ealenl&tad tnmn.
tola 10,077,000 f gi'ia T.rloua luget of d
T SUNDAY; JUNE? 29,'T
velopment There is little doubt thattheso
eels formed a part of a Jjand migrating to
the sea (the smaller specimens escaping and
the larger being caught); and jndging from
the condition of the ovary, it would appear
that they were impelled by the instinct of
reproduction.
Optlcnl Lamp In Scene Palatine.
A photographic journal points out how
much the theatrical scene painter can be as
sisted by the use of the optical lantern. The
usual course in painting a scene is first ot
all to make a small sketch of the composi
tion, and then to rule lines across it so as to
divide it into squares. Similar-squares are
then "struct" by charcoaled strings on the
large primed canvas as a guide to the artist,
who then reproduces the sketch in its en
larged form. All this would be greatly
hastened and simplified by photographing
the original sketch, and throwing the image
of the negative upon tne wnueneu cuuvas,
so that the scene painter could followthe
outlines with charcoal or brush. In paint
ing rooms of limited area there might be a
difficulty in finding space fos. the lantern;
bnt there would even tnen be the alterna
tive of making the enlarged sketch on the
stage itself.
Boiling Drlnblnc Wafer.
It is the custom to believe that the most
impure water will be rendered pure by bojl
ing, and that an absolute safeguard against
the danger of water containing disease
germs is. thus afforded. While it is true
that boiling kills the germs of disease, yet
the fact has been pointed out by the very
highest authority that while boiling kills
the germs ot a particular disvise, it yet, in
reality, renders the water more impure than
it was before, because by the "very death of
these germs dead organic matter is allowed
to remain in the water, which is shortly
polluted by putrefaction. Hence, while
boiling is a most excellent precaution
against the occurrence of typhoid fever or
similar diseases, it must be borne in mind
that the water is not necessarily purified,
but that simply the power to produce a spe
cific disease is removed.
Two-Shell Boilers.
An English engineer proposes to make
boilers capable of withstanding greatly in
creased pressures by constructing them o
two shells and maintaining a pressure in
the space between them. A boiler to work
saely under a pressure of 250 pounds would
consist oi an inner shell capable of with
standing a pressure ot loO, surrounded by a
shell whose sale working pressure was 100.
Beducing valves allow sufficient steam to
pass from the inner boiler to the space be
tween the shells to maintain the reqnired
pressure, and the inner shell is thus sub
jected to an unbalanced pressure of only
150 ponnds, although containing steam at
250. Each compartment is, of .course, pro
vided with salety valves.
A Mute Pianoforte.
It is stated that a piano has been invented
in which by means ot a small lever under
the upper part of the keyboard the action
may be disconnected from the strings, and
the instrument will become mute. The gen
eral adoption of these pianos (with the
small lever always in action) would bring
relief and pleasure to a large portion of the
community. It is to be feared that many
people sympathize with the leelings ot Dr.
Johnson when, in .reply to a lady who
cskeJ what he thought of the pyrotechnic
perlormance on tne violin they were listen
ing to, he said: "Madam, I wish it was im
possible." Stokers Vermis Boiler Tubes.
It has been proposed to pnt safety valves
upon the stoke holes in the great ocean
racers so that the air can automatically es
cape when the pressure is so great that the
boiler tubes and grate bars are in danger. If
a safety valve were introduced that wonld
blow oil when the stokers are in danger, there
wonld be much less collapse among those
useful hands, and mnch less difficulty in se
curing each trip men who are willing and
able to go through the fiery ordeal that
stoking involves.
Nevr Use of TInfolL
A novel treatment of ingrowing toenails
has been introduced iu France. The me
dium employed is tinfoil, such as is used for
enveloping chocolate and other food prod
ucts. A single or donble sheetof the tinfoil
is introduced between the nail and the ulcer
ated tissues beneath, by the aid of an instru
ment with a thin blade. The tinfoil is kept
in place by wax, which is molded over the
parts. Tho beneficial effects produced are
attributed to the chemical rather than to the
mechanical action of the tinfoil.
Tender feet.
To those who suffer much from tender feet
in'conseqnence ot excessive walking or
standing lor long periods, the following
treatment will be acceptable. Bathe the
feet before retiring at night in a strong so
lution of salt water, to which should be
added a liberal quantity of saleratus. Dry
the feet carefully, and use a smooth piece ot
pumice to remove any particles of rough
ness that may appear. Bepeat the opera
tion the following morning.
Practical Education.
An admirable provision has been made by
the magistracy of Breslau, which will tend
in more ways than one to the improvement
of the pupils in the public schools. A
botanical school garden has been instituted
for the regular supply of plants to the
schools of the place, and for enabling teach
ers to make observations on the spot with
their pupils.
Recent Patents.
Higdon &: Higdon, patent lawyers, 127
Fourth avenue, Pittsburg, and LeDroit
Building, opposite Patent Office. Washing
ton, D. C, report these patents just issued:
Aug. Haarlander and O. F. Grant, handle
for culinary yessel; Theo. Mistelski, sand
molding machine; S. B. Smythe, cover for
furnaces; of Allegheny. W. C. Bockwell,
Mt. Carmel, miners' lamp holder; W. J.
McDowell, Snow Shoe, miners' safetv lamp;
P. T. Campbell, Warren, oil pump. "
, Iiatest Sulci In Wood Mantels.
In our showroom will be found a desira
ble assortment of the newest shapes iu oak,
walnut and other hard woods, to which we
invite the attention of buyers. We are bid
ding low on mantel furnishment to builders.
James C. Thompson,
640 Liberty avenue.
Ice Is Scarce This Summer,
But our ice machine keeps the beer at a
splendid degree ot coolness. Don't be
afraid beer will hurt you. Ours was never
larger or finer than now.
D. Lxnz & Son,
Tiau Telephone 3002.
Printed India silks, styles and quali
ties which have been selling at $1 25, now
$1 a yd. Huous Ss Hacks.
ttssu
Painless Extraction of Teeth br Electricity.
Teeth inserted without plates; latest im
provements in crown and bridge work;
preservation of natural teeth a specialty; all
work guaranteed; best quality.
M. E. GiliiiESPiE, Dentist,
718 Penu ave. (old stand.)
Artists, Teachers and Classes
Should send for our catalogue on artist
materials. Discount to teachers and classes.
Mail orders will receive prompt attention.
Liberal discount on picture frames. Tkega
nowan's Art Store, 152 Wylie avenue.
TTSSU
Fob a finely cut,neat-fltting suit leave
your order with Walter Anderson, 700
Smithfield street, whose stock of English
suitings and Scotch tweeds is the finest in
the market; imported exclusively for hit
JtrAde.
.
T18?0-
; . "' irj&?f$Rfi&L'-J?'rF "5 TB. 33HsBSKS$99r '-3f.r -91- -ji sirVv.. "','. - ' -"v SsTCTWUII&ZP 4sV
I - ' - j -' J Zet-ie ''' ' ay i
SUCCESSFUL CLOSING UP OF A GREAT
BUSINESS ENTERPRISE.
The Everett Piano Clnb List Now Complete.
We are pleased to announce the fact that
the membership of the Everett Piano Club
is con. plete, and at the same time are com
pelled to say that the Everett Piano Company
will not supply us with pianos for another
clnb at the price obtained tor this one. We
have, however, now ou the way a carload of
pianos which we will sell to cash or short
time buyers at the contract price, (350.
These will not last longer than a week or 10
days. After they are disposed of, the
Everett piano will cost from 425 to $500.
They are better at these prices than anv
tother piano in the market. So if yon want
a piano, come at once and seenre one at the
club price ere it is too late.
The club piano this week goes t& little
Madge Murray, Morgan st, Alleghenv.
Certificate No. 254.
Alex. Boss, Manager,
ttsu 187- Federal st, Allegheny.
EXCURSIONS TO THE NORTHWEST.
Reduced Rates via the Pennsylvania Lines
to St. Pnnl.. Minn.,
For the National Educational Associa
tion meeting. Tickets at one fare for round
trip will be sold July 1 to 7, good returning
until July 15 inclusive, or by special ar
rangement in St. Paul return limit can be
extended to September 30. WSu
S12.00 Week of Recrrnilon, Cincinnati
and Retnrn, 812.00.
Pittsburg and Cincinnati Packet Line
Steamers leave foot Wood st. daily (except
Snnday) 4 P. m., for Cincinnati and all way
puiuw. fare iu vjiaciunau, ineais anu state
room included, ?7 00; or ?12 00 for round
trip; or down by boat and return by rail,
$12.50. Betnrn tickets good until used.
Folders giving description of trip mailed to
any address. To secure berths and other
information apply to
Jas. A. Hendeeson, Sup't.
We WIsb Ton Good Lack,
Or here's to you, expressions heard when
'the beer glass is tipped. Lnck and good
spirits attend all who drink onr beer.
D. Lutz & Sow,
TTSU Telephone 3002.
Catholio prayer books in German and
English, in all the latest bindings, at Jacob
J. Fuchs. 1710 Carson st
Eaelt Closing Commencing July 1
and during the summer months our store will
close at 5 P. M., Saturday 1 p. m.
ttssu Huous & Hacks.
Aufkecht's Elite Photograph Gallery,
C16 Market st, Pittsburg. PricesMowest
HARRIS'JTHEATER.
Week Commencing Monday, June 30.
Every Afternoon and Evening.
The Webster-Brady Company In an elaborate
proanciion oi me original version or
H. Kider Haggard's
"SHE!"
A Talented Dramatic Company,
MAGNIFICENT SCENERY,
"Wonderful and Weird Mechanical
Effects.
The Speotaoular Event of the
Season.
Week July 7 Inigo Tyrell In "His Natural
Life." je29-78
GUENTHER'S ORCHESTRA
Furnishes Mnslc tor Concerts, Weddings,
Receptions, Ac
Lessons on Flnte and Pianogiven by
PROF. GUENTHER, 68 Fifth ave., ana BIs
sell block, room 532. ap20-su
Great B
And still it goes,
And still it flows,
The ceaseless stream of trade!
. On to Keeck! On to Keech!
The destination all want to reach.
This 'will be another week of life and activity at Keech's. The
animated scenes daily enacted at this house since the inauguration of
the great Building and Extension Sale are almost indescribable. The
story can only be told by the drivers of Keech's many delivery
wagons. From early morn till dewy eve they are busy, busy. If any
body ever enjoyed Sunday's rest, they will enjoy theirs to-day. To
morrow they will be at it again, delivering the sales of yesterday.
And so it goes.
IF YOU ARE SHREWD AND THRIFTY
You will not miss this, the bes't opportunity ever presented to the
people of Pittsburg to furnish their homes or clothe their families.
The entire stock has been marked dowri nothing excluded or ex
cepted !
ALL FURNITURE and CARPETS!
ALL HOUSEFURNISHING GOODS,
ALL BABY CARRIAGES !
ALL CLOAKS and CLOTHING !
anything, EVERYTHING all ! Come in and make your selection ere
it is too late. By hesitation much is lost nothing gained. "
CEYou can buy for
923-92S Penn Ave., Near Ninth St.
HOT Open Saturdays till 10 p. m.
I j KEW ADVERTISEMENTS. j
FOURTH OF
ROCK
Under the Auspices of First Regiment, TJ. A. M., and First
Regiment, Select Knights, A O. TJ. W. ' '
Round Trip Rate from Pittsburg and Allegheny
ONLY 65 CENTS!
Including Admission to the Grounds.
Trains leaves Union Station at 8:20 and 9:00
a. m. and 1:20 p. m., city time. Leave Allegheny
10 minutes later. Keturning leave Eock Point at
7:30 p. m., city time.
2 BANDS! 2 PLATFORMS!
REFRESHMENTS ON THE GROUNDS.
ALL KINDS OF AMUSEMENTS.
All trains will stop at Allegheny, "Washington avenue, "Wood's
Run, Bellevue, Emsworth, Sewlckley, Rochester, Ken-wood and New
Brighton.
leffl-17
LAIED'S FLEE SALE.
406, d08 and 410 Market Street.
STOEES' CEOWDED.
Great excitement as the people press In to get the bargalna
in BOOTS AND SHOES, slightly soiled by water. PRICES
WAT DOWN ON EVERT PAIR. They won't last long, so
come quickly.
3,000 PAIRS SAMPLE SHOES Included in this sale. Ele
gant goods at oost and under cost. TAKE IN THE JOINT
ATTRACTION.
THE REGULAR SAMPLE SALE
Progressing finely at THE NEW RETAIL STORE, NO. 433
WOOD STREET. On account of further consignments, we
are compelled to continue this sample sale at least for
another week. Don't miss these golden opportunities.
WHO'LL BE NEXT?
"W. IMI-
KEECH'S
uilding and Extension Sale.
cash or on credit as
KEECH'S,
JULY PICNIC
-AT-
POINT
LJLIK,ZD.
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