eiSifsiPs H p. JA i MBit &? gH m i 3II El tSIL m &zw vw5. Ito 8 iwsamgii $w,--? fiflfflf l" W rTBITTCt FOB TBI DISPATCH. ! It was in March, and a furious storm was raging; the wind whistled shrilly throneh the streets and alleys, -while the rain, mingled with snow and hail, beat angrily against the windows. Little Franz, with a discontented face, looked ont at the storm and drammed impatiently on the window panes. "I hate this ugly weather," he cried; "it rains nearly every day, and I must stay in doors. Why can't it always be pleasant like yesterday?" "Why, Franz," said his aunty, who sat sear sewing, "we must expect rain this time of the year, and our flowers in summer will be all the prettier for these nhowers. Be sides, it is very pleasant here in this large, warm room; and you hare so many boots and toys that you ought sot to complain of the weather." "But, Aunty," said Franz, still frown ing, "I am tired of these books and toys; I hare bad them all winter, and now we boys want to fly our kites and play marbles." "Xever mind," said his aunty as she was leaving the room, "the sua will soon shine bright enough, and then you will forget about these dark days." But Franz was not willing to wait for the bright days, and when he was left alone he shook his fist at the falling rain and cried: "You ugly, disagreeable weather, aren't you ashamed of yourself? The rain is bad enough, but you must have hail and snow and make it as bad as possible." And suddenly Oh, how frightened Franz Vas there stood outside on the window sill a little man not more than a foot high, and wearing a long gray cloak covered with enow, and a broad brimmed hat, Irom which the water ran in small streams. After look ing scornfully at Franz, he criea: "Mr. Im pudence "And then he sneezed violently. 'ITou sancy boy" and here be sneezed again, as if he had a severe cold. Then the window flew open, and seizing Franz's col lar, the little man continued in a threaten- SECEET OP THE ing tone: "How dare yon talk 60 about teh weather? If you scold any more, I shall wash your face with hall and snow water until you can think of nothing else. I am the weather sprite, and shall not stand such abuse. Come with me and yon will see that this is the very best kind of "weather." The great cloak then spread itself out into two wings which grew larger and larger; and when the little man commanded Franz to seat himself between the wings, the boy tremblingly obeyed, and with great fear be gan his journey through the air. Oh, how cold it was, and how the wind blew the rain and snow in his face. Over the tops of the houses they went; out of the city into the snow-covered lanes and fields. Finally, thev paused before a large oak tree, which looked very bare and desolate with its naked branches. Taking a pair of spectacles from his pocket, the weather sprite placed them on Franz's nose, commanding him to look closely at the tree and tell what he saw. At first, Franz was too frightened to see any thing; but after a time, as he regained his courage, he cried: "Oh, how beautiful; I can see inside of the tree." "And what do you see?" asked the little man. "There seem to be a great many little streets; but they are all empty, except in the heart of the tree, and there e'its a beautiful little girl sleeping. Beside her, is a crystal fountain, and she is holding down the water with her hand. "What does it mean?" "I shall tell you," answered the sprite; "the little nymph is the life of the tree, and she is sleeping her winter's sleep. When the spring's sunshine wakens her, she will let go of the fountain, and the water will flow throneh the streets which you have seen, and the tree will begin to crow green and bloom. But if she is awaked too soon, or the tair-weather fairies become too saucy, then both she and the tree must die. Now do you understand why we cannot have sun shine all the time?" After saying this the little man again spread out his gray cloak and carried Franz into the middle ot a large field, where the snow was very deep. "2fow," said he, look down into the snow and tell me what yon see." Franz, wEo had now lost all fear of the sprite, looked intently for a few moments, and then said: "I see some grains of wneat away down under the snow, and I hear some whispering, as if they were talking. Yes, I hear them distinctly. On; grain is saying: Mt is a good thing for us that we have this warm covering of snow, and not the hot sun to melt it.' 'Yes answered another, 'these sun rays are very treacherous; they seem very Irfendly, but when the Irost comes they run away and leave us to freeze." Franz still listened; but the little grains did not speak again. "Are yon feot ashamed," said the sprite, to have scolded, jnst because you could not go waiting? Any kind of weather should please children; Tor the rain makes ponds in which they can sail their little boats; the wind drives their windmills, and with snow balls boys and girls can play many games." Then he made a snowball and threw it so high that Franz did not see it tall. ljj W MUN -Wfl ifflfoWliT 'if I &' En? 7i.Tj.rc w ywf "That is fine," cried the boy; T wonder if I could do that 1" And he began to mold the snow in his hands. But when he looked around, the little fellow had disappeared, and he was much vexed to find his new playfellow gone, just as he was beginning to enjoy him. But he trudged merrily home, thinking over his adventures of the'afiernoon. "When he reached the honse, bis aunty said: "Vhy, Franz, I thought you did not like this weather, and here you have been out walking." "Oh, it is lovely ont in the country," he replied, "and I shall never again complain of rainv dnvs." Franz saw the weather .sprite only once more, and that was one summer day after a heavy shower. The little boy was playing in the garden, when he saw 'the little man waiting along the path in front of him. In stead of a long gray cloak he wore a light rain coat, and as he passed along the flowers bowed to him, and even the birds and but terflies flew low before him, as if to pay their respects to so great a personage. "When he saw Franz he smiled kindly, and then disappeared. Paysie, CARDINAL GIBBONS AT HOME. A Correspondent's Clever Description of the Distinguished Prelate. The Cardinal came into the parlor with a quick step, says a correspondent of the New York TTorZd in describing a visit to Car dinal Gibbons at Baltimore. Bis footfall is clear and distinct, and there is something abont the sound which reveals the length of the stride. He entered the parlor with an inquisitive smile on his iace, his head slightly inclined to one side and his eyes turned npon his visitor with a searching at tention, uhich was full or kindness, but still seemed to mate a demand lor the stranger's identity. You would take him at first glance for a man of 40, hut he was born 55 years ago. He is of medium height and slight figure and wore the purple archiepiscopal cape and cassock, which is piped all along the edges with red and is trimmed in front with small red buttons: a red scarf encircled his waist and hung at the left side. The beretta shone through an opening at the neck, un der the white Boman collar. On the back ot bis head was the red zacchetto. His thin brown hair, brushed irom the left side, tell in a placid wave across his forehead and was pushed back from his ears. His (ace, long and thin, has au ashen delicacy of hue. OEEAT TEEE. "While the Cardinal spoke he held in his right hand the jeweled cross, which is about three inches long and massive, with a large ruby in the center. It hangs irom his neck by a long, heavy gold chain, a loot or more oi which falls below a sliding piece at the back of his collar and hangs on the outside of his cape. On the third finger of his right hand is a ring set with a large ruby, sur rounded by diamonds. This is the archie piscopal signet ring. Cardinal Gibbons has sent a copy of his last book, "Oor Christian Heritage," to the Pope. It is bound in white and gold, the papal colors. A copy to Cardinal Simeoni is bound in red, one to Cardinal Massella is in maroon, and one to Monsignor Jacobini is in blue. A NEW EEAL REJIBKANDT DUeovered In an Old I-idy' Tmp, Bonght for SSOO and Worth Over 840,000. New York Sun.J French artistic and picture-buying circles are excited over the discovery a short time ago of what is pronounced by the majority of experts to be a genuine Bembrandt It was in the possession of an old and infirm woman living in Pecq. an obscure little vil lage on the banks of the Seine some distance from Paris. When she died the only heir was an aged daughter, who had for a long time been an inmate of an insane asylnm. For her benefit the property left by the old woman was got together, catalogued, and sold at auction. A Paris expert made out the catalogue of the pictures and put down one of them as "Jesus and the Pilgrims of Enimaus (School of Bembrandt)." This picture attracted no attention, and at the sale would have been knocked down for a trifling sum had not a painter who chanced to be present been struck with its beauty. He attempted to get possession of it, and pushed the bids up to 815, at which price he dropped out and left the picture go to a local carpenter, who was acting as the agent of a Paris picture dealer, M. Bour geois, who seems to have formed opinions about the picture beforehand. The owner has already refused 540.000 for it. The picture bears the signature "Bembrandt, f. 1G3C." There are, however, some artists who do not accept the general verdict that it is a real Bembrandt Hoir fahe Deicrlbed Xlloi. A certain young man, Mr. Smith, was noted for au extraordinary and perennial smile. One of his lady schoolmates de scribed a meeting with him thus: "As I was going out of church I saw a smile down by the door: when I came nearer I dis covered that Mr. Smith was around it." Laid a Wafer on Ilia Drain. Fifteen years ago Bony Nash, a Cincin nati gambler who was ill of dropsical affec tion bet on Tuesday that he would die be fore Saturday, and won the bet by dying Friday noon. SHEARING OF LAMBS. Swindling Operations Thai Are Suc cessful in Wall Street. GAMES OP KAILEOAD MAGNATES. How Gould Plucked TVilliam H. YanderMt for Twenty Millions. THE METHODS OP THE BUCKET SHOPS rconnrsroxDENCE op the dispatch.! New York, March 22. Fifteen million dollars' worth ot stocks and bonds on an average change hands daily in Wall street. There have been days when the amount reached 5125,000,000. The figures here given are based on the actual market value of the securities, and not on their par value. As a rnle something like $150,000 a day, in actual profit and loss ou the transactions, goes out of the pockets of one set of specu lators into the pockets of another set. There are times when this sum may be multiplied by ten and even by fi ty. A great deal is heard of the plucking of in nocents in the "street." Nowhere else are swindling operations condncted on such an extended scale. The rules of the Stock Ex change governing the transaction of busi ness are extremely rigid, and it is not often that a brokerage concern connected with the Exchange is caught in any downright ras cality. Speculation is a game of chance al most exclusively, and when an order is given to a regular broker to "buy fora rise" or to "sell for a drop." the risk'is well un 'derstood. The swindling is done by out siders, or persons having no direct relations with the Exchange. Wall street seems to be a Mecca lor men with extensive schemes of an illegitimate nature. It they were petty in their extent they would be called bunco games. As it is they are dignified with the title sharp transactions. A TELEPHONE GA1IE EXPOSED. As said before, it is not often that a mem ber of the Stock Exchange is caught in crooked business, but there are instances nevertheless. A broker who bad earned a repntation as a "hustler," put the securities of a telephone company on the market. He said the instrument was superior to all others in conveying conversation. A good deal of attention was paid to the enterprise, for the reason that it was believed a broker, who had established a large and wealthy clientage, and was apparently in a fair way to become a millionaire himself, would not take up any scheme that was not all right. He did, though. The telephone was not such a wonderiul affair as it was generally supposed to be. A speaking tube would have done just as good work. The broker had an instrument through which prospec tive investors could talk with Philadelphia. The conversation was n3 clear as if the per sons at either end of the line were within a few feet of each other. The stock of the tele phone company went off like the proverbial hot cakes until one day it was discovered that the person who was supposed to be talking into the transmitter in Philadel phia was, as a fact, located in the cellar under the broker's office. The broker fled, and is now out West somewhere herding cattle. A quiet-looking little man appeared in Wall street one day, and confided to a firm of brokers that he owned the entire shores of an estuary of the Gulf of Mexico on the Florida side. He had a map showing a land-locked harbor, and also indicating A PROPOSED P.AILROAD LINE connecting with the important land trans portation systems from the East, West and North, the charter for which he said he owned. It looked like a pretty good thing. The man pointed out how cotton, grain, timber and other products of the South and West could be brought by rail to thp estuary and taken thence in steamships and sailing vessels to points along the coast and to foreign ports. A capitalist who was im pressed with the advantages of the scheme and contemplated putting a large amount of money in it, thought he would look over the situation. He went to Florida and found that the water in the estuary was two feet deep and that the railroad line ran through a morass. The inhabitants of the section were exclusively alligators and turtles. "Promotors" are encountered at every turn, or, to be more exact, every step in Wall street. It a capitalist wants to buy a railroad he can he accommodated on the spot. A railroad charter is au easy thing to procure in a majority of the States. A promotnr may be a friend of a representative in the Legislature who will pnt through n bill authorizing him to build a road between any two points that it pleases his fancy or snits bis advantage to select. The legisla tor himself, seeing little or no hope of future political preferment, may take it into his haad to make hay while the sun shines, and secure anywhere from one to half a dozen charters fbr his own benefit. Charters of this class are, of course, never obtained with any idea of constructing the roads which they provide for. They are merchandise to be offered in Wall street. The lines pre scribed, to use a common "street" expres sion, extend from NOWUEEE TO KOWHEBE. Or, in other words, have for their termini two unimportant points. These charters are worth to the owners what they will bring, it may be little or it may be much. To the "smart" buyers they may be worth a good deal. They afford opportunities for the formation of stock companies. The stock is unloaded on unsuspecting purchasers. To avoid prosecution for fraud the organizers of the companies count the valne of their char ters at so much, pocket this amount from the sales of stock, and leave the stockholders to build the road from the remainder of the proceeds if they want to, which, on inves tigation, they usually do not. Charters lor banks are a general com modity in the street. The concerns are or ganized in the same way as the bogus rail roads. It may be said, as an inducement to investors, that the bank was projected to transact the business of the cattle trade of some Western State. The location of the bank would be found at some desolate mail station far out on the prairie. Gold and silver mine swindles are "too numerous to mention." The appearance of a "miner" in the street is a daily occur rence. His broad-brimmed hat aud bluff manners indicate that he is the genuine article. He has a rich claim, bnt has no capital to work it. Therefore he will sell a half interest. He shows metal taken from the claim. If an investigation is made gold or silver, as the case may be, will be found on the claim in large quantities. The claim, it may be said without prolonging the story, has been "salted" with ore from some other place where it really exists. PLENTY OP OIL WELLS. Oil wells, too. can be bought in as large numbers as maybe desirable in the "street." Theyare.as a rule, "dry holes," or wells that when sunk tailed to produce the expected oil. The projector ran out of cash and wants money to continue the drilling. Like the miner, he will sell a half interest. The in vestor can go ahead and drill if be wants to. To prevent prosecution the projector sells an interest in the land and not a guarantee to produce oil. A "great inter-oceanic waterway" was put on the market not long ago. The pro jector said it was a canal which afforded transportation for the products of Florida to the natural navigable waters. By extension it could be made a highway be'tween the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. Possibly it could, bnt it would take more than the suiplus in the Treasury of the United States to do it. The "great inter-oceanic highway" was one of those shallow trenches dng through the bog on the outskirts of the Dismal Swamp to float cypress and pine trees. To call Jay Gould a bunko steerer would be to condemn the greater number of rail road owners in the country. Yet his methods, and those of others, which are considered legitimate, partake of the natnre THE PTTTSBUEGr I5ISFA.TCH, of a confidence operation. Mr. Gould may want some line that connects with one of his roads. He will create a new issue of the stock of his own road called common stock to take up or purchase the stock of the con necting line. The stock thus secured is put in the treasury of his road "for the purpose of control." THE ORIGINAL STOCK of his road is called "preferred" stock. The earnings of both roads go into one treasury. It they are only sufficient to pay dividends on the preferred stock, the holders of the common have to whistle for their expected revenue. Stock dividends form another and very prevalent way of lining the pockets of the owners of railroads.. Instead of a dividend in cash, one in new or additional stock is declared. If the market price of the stock can be maintained by manipulation in Wall street, and the extra stock sold, the owner of it is so much ahead inasmuch as it has cost him nothing. Xt is the custom in or ganizing railroads to build the lines with the proceeds from the sales of the bonds. The stock is given away; that is, it is offered as a bonus to the purchasers ot bonds. The purpose is to induce capitalists to invest their money. Projectors of a railroadoften buy the bonds themselves and obtain the stock for nothing. Subsequently the stock is sold and the amount secured lor it is pocketed as clear gain. The interest on the bonds must be paid whether there is money for dividends on the stock or not. If the in terest on the bonds is not paid the mortgage which they represent is foreclosed and the stock is wiped out of existence. The road is reorganized and new bonds are issued to take the place of the ones with which goes another bonus of stock to be disposed of as before. JAY GOULD BUNKOED. Jay Gould was "bunkoed" once. Abroker came to him with the information that a certain railroad stock was to be advanced in price. He told, with elaborate circumstan tiality, how it was to be done. The man agers of the road were to make a report showing that it was earning far more than had been supposed and were to increase the amount of the dividends. Mr. Gould went ahead and bought the stock in large quanti ties. Suddenly the price dropoed like a plummet and Mr. Gould found out that he had been hoodwinked. The managers of the road wanted to unload their stock and se lected Mr. Gould as their victim, utilizing the broker as a "bunko steerer." Gould was very angry over the trick and threatened to prosecute the broker for ob taining money by false pretenses, but he changed his mind. This is the only instance when he was ever known to have been caught by any such operation. Mr. Gould himself "bunkoed" the late William H. Vanderbilt ont of $20,000,000. It is hardly fair to call it "bunkoing," but the fact is Mr. Gould induced Mr. Vander bilt to go into an operation which cost the latter the amonnt named. Gould did not, by any means, secure all the money that Vanderbilt lost. The stock market had be come very shaky and a general collapse was threatened. GOULD CONCOCTED A SCHEME. Gould got up a scheme to avert the disas ter by which Mr. Vanderbilt was to support his stocks while he was to do the same with his own. Mr. Gould's idea, as he presented it. was that an exhibition of such tremen dous power, would inspire the outside public with confidence, and it would come into the market and buy. As it turned out, the public when it learned that the market would fake stocks, rushed to sell its hold ings. Mr. Gould either saw how things were going, or knew beforehand how they would go. and promptly unloaded on Van derbilt. This was the time of the famous "pegging" operation. Lake Shore was "pegged" at 120, New York Central at 130, and Northwest at 135. Vanderbilt awoke to a realization of his situation when the Gould and other stocks began tumbling all around him, leaving him all alone with his stocks far above the rest of the market. He finally let go and his stocks dropped 40 to 50 points. He never had anything to do with Mr. Gould after that. Vanderbilt told the correspondent of The Dispatch abont a call that Mr. Gould made at his house sub sequently, at which the latter was "very formally received." Bobberies are never heard of in Wall street nowadays, or at any rate only at ex ceedingly rare intervals. The correspond ent was passing through Wall street the other day when he saw a weli-dressed man step up to a pedestrian, touch him on the shoulder and say "Get out of here." OBEYED WITH ALACBITT. "All right," replied the pedestrian, who promptly hurried out of sight up Nassau street. The pedestrian who would have at tracted no attention in a crowd was a pro fessional thief, and the well-dressed man a detective. Inspector Byrnes keeps detec tives in the "street" all the lime. They are fine-looking men who we3r silk hats, cut away coats, overcoats with silk facings, dia mond rings and bosom studs, carry gold watches, and smoke imported cigars. It is necessary that they shonld look as well as the brokers with whom they mingle. There is a "danger line" for thieves. It crosses Broadway at Fulton street, seven blocks above Wall street, and the thief who ven tures below it is liable to be arrested and imprisoned as a "suspicious character." Forgery is the principal thing that Wall street has to guard against. The brokers generally use special designs of check', and so many precautions are taken at the banks that a forgery is almost instantly detected. Every bank has a detective in the lobby to look out for sneak thieves and suspicious individuals generally. The cashiers ara in covered "cages," and even if there were no detectives the thieves could not get at the money. BUCKET-SHOP METHODS. The police have recently been raiding the bucket shops in Wall street, and not with out reason. There are two or three honest bucket shop, hut the others are absolute swindles. The average dealer in a bucket shop puts up ?5 to go "long" or "short" of five shares of stock. That sum repre sents a margin of 1 per cent. An "eighth each way" is charged by the shop on the transaction. To be more explicit, if the speculator buys stock lor a rise he is charged J.of 1 per cent for the purchase,and again of 1 per cent when the stock is sold. Thus he has only of 1 per cent "margin" le:t This is called "play ing on a thin margin," and the first few quotations may wipe out the speculator's in vestment. If the speculator loses, the bucket shop gets the entire $5, for there has been no actual purchase of stock. The transaction amounts, simply, to a bet on the quotations. The Stock Exchange tries to keep the bucket shop from obtaining its quotations, and this affords the shop an opportunity to surround the source of their figures with mystery. The shop has a telegraph instrument which keeps clicking away, and the quotations that come through it arc chalked on a black board. The shop gets genuine quotations, it is true, but it does not always post them. It delays them and alters them in such a manner as to wipe out the margins o.' cus tomers. H. I. S. USE OP THE WORD SEE. It Simply 1 French" for Born, bnt It ! Fre quently Ved Badly. The word "nee" is simply French for born, but newspapers are lrequently called upon to correct "society copy" that comes from people who ought to know better than to misuse the word. Mrs. De Lancey Jones may have been "born" an Edwards, she cer tainly was not born "Miss Jemima Ed wards." Eeeently a piece of "copy" turned up which read as follows: "The diamonds worn by Mrs. De Lancey Jones, nee Mrs. William Smith, were superb." How poor Mrs. Jones ever came to be born to a state of widowhood the contributor neglects to ex plain. Tuo Trenanrr nnd the Poker Table. Kansas City Star. It has been settled more than once that a man cannot fill the position of State Treas urer and sit in a poker game at one and the same time with any satisfactory public guarantee ot success. "STJNITAY; MR0Hr-"23, TIBBo. FOKCES OF NATURE. The Contraction of the Earth's Crust Kaises Up Continents; DE0PS OP WATER REDUCE THEM. Statistics and Theories Eearding Earth quakes and Volcanoes. WORK THAT GOES ON WITH TEE AGES fWEITTEN FOB THE DISPATCH! The mysterious nature and cause of earth quakes is getting to be better understood. They have been active at every period of history, elevating and depressing the earth's surface. It is impossible that the earth's interior is all a mass of fire, as was believed by Humboldt. It could not be, on account of tides which would be caused in the mol ten mass of the interior. The earth's crust would partake of the motion and crack into great fissures. Vtry little smoke is now coming out of a few volcanos, while if the earth's interior were a mass of fire thousands of volcanos would hardly carry off the smoke. On the other hand there is still extant an old belief that there is a passageway through the earth from pole to pole, but as the poles are impossible to reach it cannot be proven. But it is proven that there are internal fires from the violence of volcanos, and the gen erally accompanying violence of the earth quake. There are from 12 to 15 quakes every year, and in fact the earth is never entirely quiet or free from evidence of their presence. Wide districts of grain and cat tle, and great towns and villages with their inhabitants have been destroyed. It is esti mated that 13,000,000 of the human race have been destroyed since history began; G0.000 were lost at Lisbon, and 40,000 in Calabria in the last century. CHANGES I1T THE EABTH'S SUBPACE. In the beginning great changes on the earth's surface were caused by these dis turbances. New lakes and eventually river courses were formed. The immense fissures formed in the earth's crust were gradually filled up by filtration; by great landslides which brought down precipices and moun tains and filled up yawning chasms, form ing new water courses and long valleys. Earthquakes are most frequent along the line of volcanos, showing some connection with the violence of the volcanos. Every earthquake is followed, preceded or accom panied by volcanic outburst. Violent quakes are often stopped by volcanic ex plosions, while violent commotion in vol canoes has caused earthquakes at vast dis tancs. The earthquake is usually accom panied by violent tremors, rattlings, roar ings, hissings like steam escaping and other subterranean noises, bouietinies the noise is not accompanied by any motion, and sometimes the motion occurs without any noise. At the central point of the dis turbance the shock comes Irom below, a ver tical shock. The Lisbon wave lasted only an insiant anywhere, but it extended from Finland to Canada and the West Indies, over an area of 7,500,000 square miles. Taking the crust to he 20 miles thick, it took a tremendous force to shake 150,000,000 cubic miles of earth and water. SOME OP THE THEOBIES. The explosions in the interior must be from some fearful power. A Western geologist recently said that a sudden letting down of the sea bottom and the precipitation of great volumes of sea water into fierce electric or other intense fires, caused the in stant formation of a gas which either caused other explosions or escaped upward through the crevices, and deposited carbon oil near the sur ace, and then became natural gas. Something similar to that was the opinion of Sir Humphrey Davy, who believed that earthquakes were formed by chemical ac tion of metals in an unoxydized state, acted upon by water coming into contact with them, causing vast quantities of gases to be set free to which the great explosions were due. It is an opinion of others that the whole interior of the earth is a honeycomb of molten rocks and their metal bases. Great fissures 60 and 90 miles long and 18 inches wide, with remarkable circular holes have appeared in different places, after the passage of an earthquake, showing a severe grind or a small upheaval. When a great disturbance occurs under the ocean near shore, the water recedes for a distance and then comes back as a wall 60 feet high, and rushes inland a long distance, carrying everything moveable along with it. Alter the earthquake of 1S32 the coast of Chili, for a long distance, wjs found to have risen from three to four feet, while in the earth quake oi 1762 an area of 60 square miles on the coast ot Chittagocg suddenly disap peared nnder the water, leaving only the higher plains visible. The wonderful island mentioned by many ancient authors, and by Plato called Atlantis, situated, as he claimed, opposite the Pillars of Hercules, has disappeared with all of its wonders and beauties beneath the blue waters of the Atlantic. TEMPLE OP JUPITER SEBAPI3. The ruins of the beautiful Temnle of Jupiter Serapis, near Naples, attest the re markable changes which are taking place in that volcanic country. Three of the original 46 columns remain. The pavement is still under water, but the three pillars stand up out of it. They are 42 feet high, but they show that submarine organisms have bored into them as high as 21 feet, to which depth they must have been buried in the water at one time. The chauges have been so grad ual that they have retained their perpen dicular. Scania, on the southerlv coast of Sweden, is being swallowed slowly. Street by street and 600 miles of the west coast of Grecnfand is siuking gradually. Within the past 20 years an island in the Greek Archipelago sank gradually under water without any sound, while another a short distance from it raised its head above water and then sub sided out of sight. The coast of Siberia for 600 miles east of the Lena river, the western coast of South America and the Scandi navian peninsnla have all been recently up heaved. The coast line on both sides of Scotland has been raised from 25 to 160 feet. The western part of Connecticut shows plainly by "raised beaches," the former up heaval of that country. By these raised beaches it can be shown that the most of the land now visible was at one time under water. High up on the Himalaya Mount ains undoubted marine shells occur in the solid rocks. OUT OF THE VASTY DEEP. In this wav it is proven by the multitude of places throughout the earth where sub marine organisms are certain evidence, that at some remote time, probably very gradually, possibly by sudden, violent, mighty throes of earthquake and convul sions of the ocean, the great hills and mountains have been raised with their marine evidences out of the "vasty deep." But when they raised up some other vast region subsided. Submerged forests can olten be distinguished jar beneath the water ot a calm sea and occasionally in the Grecian Archipelago. The watcher oyer the side of the vessel can see far down in the clear water delicately shaped buildings, whose beauty is heightened by the romance of their mystery. And the old mythical idea of the mermaids and sea nymphs and their coral dwellings beneath the sea comes to the observer like a delicious dream. It is supposed that the deep fiords of Norway, and the firths and locks of Great Britain were at one time deep land valleys or glens, which have been depressed by gradual or violent agency into deep sea water ways. The Coral islands of the Pacific are widespread. Many of them are perpendicular tor 2,000 feet. Darwin says that ther coral builders do not work below 100 feet, and consequently these islands must be steadily sinking while the coral workers are building. The upward growth keeping pace with the slow, subsidence of the island. BUILDING UP SINKING ISLANDS. Coral reefs run around an island and pro tect it against the waves. The latter break off great pieces of the coral nnd throw them inward, thus helping to build up the sink ing island. All rocks found In the Pacific islands have been of volcanic origin, and it appears as though a vast number of peaks of volcanoes of about the same height have gradually disappeared within geologically recent periods, nnd are all kept connected with the surface through the coral build ers. The formation of great mountain chains has shaken up whole continents, and the grinding and crushing subsidence and up heaval has also evidently caused great com motion on land and fearful tides of the oceans, which would sweep far inland, or possibly over half a continent. New con tinents havearisen,groaning and quivering out of their bed on the bottom oi the sea, while an old continent went down miles out of sight with a mighty rushing and roaring of the waters, which made the whole world rock, for these movements are not entirely surface operations, but they originate cer tainly at a great distance down beyond the center of this tenanted sphere. There is notning to determine the magni tude ot these grand throes of the world, but a whole mountain must have been up heaved atonce or in the same continuous movement, or subsided in like manner. In their upheaval they left vast depressions be tween them which contained great bodies of water. Such was THE SHENANDOAH VALLET and its ramifications. The great lake broke through the mountains at some remote period, either by earthquake or weakness oi the mountain walls, and formed the Poto mac and Shenandoah rivers. The valleys of the Monongahcla, Allegheny and Ohio rivers were at one time vast cracks in the crust chasms which have been filled up to their present grade by the influence of the water. According to all theories of coal formation the many veins of coal found from New York to Alabama go to show that there must have been great upheavals and sub sidences connected with large bodies of watr throughout all of those coal beds and throughout the vast region irom the Blue Bidge to the Rocky Mountains. Water is the agent which is constantly changing the face of the earth. Each drop of rain has its duty to perform in changing the face of natnre. It falls on a rock, and, freezing, bursts away a small particle a grain ot sand perhaps and that grain and other grains are blown by Boreas or Zeph yrus against the stones and wear them away by Iriction. Drops of water in snowflakes make the mighty glaciers, great, slowly moving rivers of ice, which, like the mills of the gods, "grind slowly but they grind exceeding fine." They pulverize into sand great beds of granite, and erode the rocky ribs of mighty mountains, all the time sending from underneath them great rivers of ice water. So these little drops of water are constant ly at work to move the monntains and hills down into the valleys, thus assisting the vast upheavals and subsidences in changing the face of the earth. There is no earthly sub stance that is not at least partially soluble in water, and the presence of water in rocks means their slow destrnction. "An English ssientist estimates that there may be every year dissolved by rain 150 tons of rocky matter to one square mile of surface." BECEDING OP NIAGABA FALLS.? It is supposed that the great Niagara chasm has been 35,000 years receding Irom Queenstown to the present falls. The greatest ravine in the world, the Colorado canon, flows 300 miles through horizontal strata at a depth, perpendicular at many places, of 6,000 feet. Nothing but birds can cros3 the country on account of these vast ravines which have been caused by the natural erosion of the rapid streams or by the mighty earthquake. The history of the growth of a continent comes down through vast cycles of time, or through the "ages of the ages." Basing conclusion upon fact, it is certain that the wrinkling or corrugation of the earth's crust has been caused by the shrinking of the interior by great diminution of heat and consequent contraction, causing great earthquakes, and upheaval and subsidence over vast spaces of the globe during long periods of time. Mountains have not only been formed and great valleys made, but tremendunus bodies of rock, strange to the locality, have been shoved horizontally over regions hundreds of miles square. Bocks are constantly making and unmaking. Bain, liost, glaciers, rapid rivers and ero sion are destroying rocks, while great rivers are pouring the detritus into the sea, where it is gradually being reformed into new rocks composed almost entirely of the old ones. It is estimated that it wonld take 4,500,000 years to reduce this continent to the sea level. That is a vast space of time, but the elevation of the Cordilleras, the Andes, the Himalayas, the Alps or the Bocky Moun tains, and the formation of the vast beds of sand and limestone could not have been ac complished in much less time. As the sea recedes, great plains are pushed above water, composed of these vast bodies of sand which have been washed down by the rivers. Par ticles may stop awhile on the way down, but the sea is their inevitable fate as surely as that the soul of man washes into the sea of eternity. Bumbalo. ALL BETS DtCLAKED OFF. Wrestling. MnicU Between n Man nnd Doff Thnt Ended In tbo Water. Boston Globe. There is no more harm in"Sfcysail Jack," a noted North End character, than there is in a fiery, untamed Western mule. So thought a Newfoundland dog who playfully frisked about the said Jack;, until the later caught bim by the neck and tail and attempted to throw him off Long wharf. This not being to the liking of ihe "pup," he turned, and in a wrestling match, where Judic rules prevailed, "Skysail" slipped, and dog and man broke the thin ice in the dock at the same moment "No fall," said a waggish-looking chap, who had assumed the responsibility of referee. Then the betting began on the bridge as to which would get out of the water first, and it was $2 to 1 on the man, as he had struck out lor the nearest fishing schooner. Unfortunately tor the sports who had given odds, the dog sighted his recent con testant, and, thinking that the affair had turned into a swimming match, started, wed-footed, after the man, who was fast nearing the vessel. All might have gone well had not one of the crew attempted to catch the collar of Skysail's coat with a boathook. The swimmer stopped and sputtered words which sounded likea-r-o-p-e, but the man on the vessel, not understanding him, thrust the boathook into the back ot his coat just as the dog grabbed him by the coat collar. The gang on the dock roared, "Hold him, Groverl" and hold him he did, tor it re quired the assistance of many men to land Jack and Grover on the deck'of the vessel. All bets were declared off. IRRIGATION IX AUSTRALIA. Centrifugal Purnpj That Throw 450 Tods or Water In n Minute. H. J. Barrows, of California, is connected with the great irrigation enterprises in South Australia and Victoria. His com pany has just received 250,000 acres from each province in return lor irrigating each colony. In the Grand Pacific last evening, says the Chicago Tribune, Mr. Barrows told some facts about irrigation in the anti podes. "The water used in our industry," he re marked, "is taken from the Murray river and forced up by great centrilugal pumps Irom 15 to 20 teet. The surrounding coun try is a vast plaiu and would be absolutely worthless without water. "Our pumps now erected will irrigate 40,000 acres. The largest set of four centrif ugal pumps throws out 450 tons of water a minute. We have sold 15,000 acres of land to colonists. The English farmers are jnst beginning to come over in large numbers. They usually buy a few acres. The lands are adapted to raising lemons, oranges, raisin grapes and like fruits. We have our summer while the Califormans have winter, so our product does not interfere with the Pacific slope market,'' THE FIRESIDE SPH1M A Collection of Enigmatical Ms for Home CracME Addreu communication! for this departmtnt to E. R. CHADBOUBN. Lewiston, Maine. 969 H0UB-GLAS3 ILLUSTBATED. HJW When the names of the above symbols are arranged In the form of an hour-glass, thus: t it will be found that the central letters, read downward, spell the name of a warlike horse man. , Herman. 970 ENIGMA. I am something mysterious: I bother the brain. And am quite out of character when I am plain. Though your mind I may torture and keep yon awake. You often seem pleased with the bother I make. In various gnlses my shape may appear; Numerous my forms and extended my sphere. If you ask what's unknown. In earth, air or sky, I tell you the truth when I say it Is I. The scientist sees me in searching for facts When he wishes to show how Same Nature acts; I am fonnd in the books that wisest men write. In the Bible you find me in very plain sight. I am dark and opaqne to the eye of the mind; I keep out of sight what you must wish to find; But shonld yon succeed in making me clear, Like a vanishing ghost I would then disappear, Bnt why shonld I try in a mystical way My features to show and my form to disclayf For I'm now in your thoughts and so plain to yonr view That of guessing 'twould seem there's nothing to do. Neusoxxax. 971 BEBUS. A panoramic view is mine, It is of land and sea; I give it you in pantomime, A riddle it shall be. A beast made docile plows the lands, A vesel plows the sea; And one wbo now between them stands Right masterful is he. On either band they do his will. And all the things that be Are tangbt his mandates to fulfill And this is heaven's decree. Now these three objects place aright, And you will plainly seo Tboy bring at once a feat in sight That will the answer be. CIAXZB. 973 DIAMOND. L A letter 2. A citizen. 3. Impelled by rowing, i. Coloring matters. 6. The night mare. 6. A chief ofthelnsuhrian Uauls slain by the Roman consul Marcellns in 223 B. C. 7. Dwelling houses. 8. Asks. 9. Terminates. 10. French dramatist, b. 1810. IL A letter. H. C. BUEGEE. 973 TBANSP03ITION3. X. Find, if you can, a certain word That's used to designate a bird. Which, when transposed, there yet will be A fabled form of Deity. ir. Transpose with care a youth most fair, Whom Virgil's writings quote, And half a dozen still is there. With uuido-s highest note. UL The seed of fruit of certain tree. Transpose with care and in it lies. Surprising though it seem to be, A precious stone with ample siza. B. 974 COCKNEr wooing. I one time knew a cockney blade Who wooed a winsome Irish maid; And long she held him in suspense. With many a Jest at his expense Abont the h's which he dropp'd. Until at length like corn he popTo'd." "Ah! Norah dear, the bright domain O'er which 1 hope to see thee reign. By h's is encircled round. As 'twill with bliss and peace profound. You have when you the first remove What I would give to gain thy love; Or droo the last and so obtain The place where j on already reign." No expert at CEdirus' art. Poor iorab pondered in her heart The olfer that her wooer made And soon gave up the flirting trade. W. Wilsoit. 975 DOUBLE ACBOSTIC. 1. A ghost. 2. A kind of nuts. 3. Irreligious. 4. A soothing medicine. 5. Anger, tt. A person of unsound mind. 7. One who indulges in the luxuries of the table. J?rimal3, Cheats. Finals, The extract of an j thing. COYCTX. 976 CROSS -WOBD. In tumble, in humble, in rumble. In vapor, but never In mist; In cattle, in rattle, in battle. In forearm, but never In wrist; In double, in trouble, in stnbble. In little, bat never in wee; In addle, in paddle, in saddle. The whole is a shrub, as you see. H. C. BUROEB. 977 CHARADE. First, I am a humbug; trust not me, 1 am not what I seem to be. But something false a trick, a fraud. By honest f oIks despised, abhorred. 1 cheat, I imitate, I ape. And am not good in any shape. Second. I'm something solid, and 'tis sad To be allied to one so bad As First; indeed, 'twlxt First and me There's nothing uf affinity. Although you call me hard and dense, I'm still a refuge aud defense. That I'm like man ypu may discern; I'm made of dust, to dust return. Whole, I'm not a thing that's very rare, I grow in pastures everywhere. W ho would suppose the Trinity Had anything to do with me? Aud jet Saint Patrick by my aid An illustration of it made; And showed how ea3ily 'tis done To make one three, and make three one. JMelsoniax. the januaey competition. Prize Winners . II. C. Burger, Alliance. O. 2. Glass Pittsburg, Pa. 3. William Hughes, Apollo, Pa. Roll of Honor Lillian V. Pence, Pittsburg, Pa,; Harry M. Flint. Latrobe. Pa.; F. L. C. H., Pittsburg, Pa.: H. W. Keller, Pittsburg. Pa.; Dora Kiumet, Allegheny City. Pa.; Hugh C Dorwortb, South Oil City. Pa.; Louisa Shooter. Washington, Pa.; Annie K. Wilson. Kauklo, Pa.; George Klmont, New York, N. Y.; J. C. Balis, Wilkinsburg. Pa.: Thomas Lowry, Brad dock, Pa.; Barbara Ingllij. Sharpsville, Pa.: J. Charlie SnerilT, Allegheny City, Pa.; Arthur L. D., William-port. Pa.: N. N. Avery. Pitts burg, Pa.: F. U. Unrikinson, Pittsburg, Pa.; lago, Ford City, Pa.; Justinian, Pittsburg, Pa. ANStVEBS. '9601. Pianoes (paean, nose). 2. Man-date. Figure-head. 4. Harebell (hair, bell). 5. 19 Head-light. 8. Letter-box. 7. Weymouth (way, mouth). 8. Cowslips (cows, lips). 9. Endear fend, ear), in. Watch-word. It Necromancer (neck, romancer). 961 Whenever. 602 Sold, side. Iron. ("Old Ironsides.") 803 B B o W A W T I RoaR Blue 9M-W-hls-key. 965 Butter-mllk. 960 L C I D 8 A G Elt S E S A il E 3 CASEMENTS LIGAM KNTOUS DE M E N TA T E RENTAGE 8TOTE SUE 8 967 Dawn, awn, daw. 96S Lead, dale, deal, lade. A PERFECTS A purely Vegetable Compound that expels all bad humors from tbs system. Removes blotch es and pimples, and makes pure, rich blood. mhl7-9i-DWk 3IEDICAL. DOCTOR WHITTI 814 PESS AVENUE. PITTkBURG. PA. As old residents know and back files -.1 Pitts burg papers prove, is the oldest established and most prominent physician in the city, de voting special attention to all chronic diseases. Sbie-psNO FEE U N TILCU RED MPRfll IQand mental diseases, physical IN L.M V UUO decay, nervous debility, lack of energy, ambition and hope, impaired memory, disordered sizht. self distrust, bashfnlness, dizziness, sleeplessness, pimples, eruptions, im poverished blood, lading powers, organic weak ness, dyspepsia, constipation, consumption, un fitting the person for bumess, society and mar riage, permanently, safely and privately cured. BLOOD AND SKIN &.& blotches, falling hair, bones, pains, glandular, swellings, ulcerations of tongue, mouth, throat ulcers, old sores, are enred for life, and blood poisons thoroughly eradicated from the system. 1 1 DIM A QV kidney and bladder derange UnilMAn T ments. weak back, gravel, catarrhal discharges, inflammation and other painful symptoms receive searching treatment, prompt relief and real cares. Dr. Wbittier's life-long, extensive experienea insnres scientific and reliable treatment on common-sense principles. Consultation free. Patients at a distance as carefully treatrd aa it here. Office hours 9 A. M. to X p. jr. Sunday. 10 A. 31. to 1 p. M. only. DK,WHITT1EK, 8H Penn avenue. Pittsburg, Pa. mhS-45-DSuwk BallliSlJaik f a f iwJrniir i fr How Lost! How Regained, 1 BTHEMlENCEel M '-OF--IFE ff kbov thyself; U.'H I-! SCXETtCB OJ" XXJj"JiJ A Scientific and Standard Popular Medical Tre:tis8 on thettrrorsoi loutu,-remainreueciinc, Perron and Physical Debility, Imparities of the Blood, iawKmsKsmsssiamK mirmmmm t'ii !i tVlka-A fel 'at k mmmm&i mmipmfmum Resulting from Folly, Vice, lgnorznce. Ex cesses or Overtaxation, Enervating and unfit ting the victim for Work, Business, the Mar riage or Social Relations. Avoid unskillful pretenders. Possess this great worl- It contains UX) pages, royal byu. Beautifnl binding, embossed, full gilt Price, only Si by mail, postpaid, concealed in plain wrapper. Illustrative Prospectus Free, If you, apply now. The distinguished author. Wm. H. Parker. M. D., received the GOLD AND JEW ELED MEDAL from the National Medical As. sociation, for this PRIZE ESSAYon NERVOUS and PHYSICAL DEBILITY. Dr. Parker and a corps of Assistant Physicians may be on snlted. conlidentially. by mail or In person, at the office of THE PEABODY MEDICAL IN. STITUTE, No. 4 Bulflnch SL, Boston, Mass., to whom all orders for hooks or letters for advica should be directed as above. aulS-67-TuFSuwk DR. E. C. WEST'S Nerve and Brain Treatment Specific for hysteria, dizziness, fits, neuralgia, wakefulness, mental depression, softening of the brain, resulting In insanity and leading to miserv, decay and death, premature old age. barrenness, loss of power in cither sex, involun tary losses, and spermatorrhoea caused by over exertion of the brain, self-abuse or over-indulgence. Each box contains one month's treat ment. 81 a box, or six for So, sent by mail pre paid. With each order for six boxes, will send purchaser euarantee to refund money if tha treatment fails to cure. G uarantees issued and genuine sold only by EMIL G."tUCKY, JOItTJGGIST, No. 1701 Penn ave., cor. Seventeenth street. No. 2101 Penn ave., cor. Twenty-fourth street, AND Cor. Wylte ave. and Fulton street. fe4-TTSSU PITTSBURG, PA. HBTer Known to Fafl. Tarrant's Extract of Cubebsand Copaiba, the best remedy for all dis eases of the urinary or- zans. lis portable torm, freedom from tasta and speedy action (frequently curing in three or four days and always in less time than any other pre paration J, make "Tar rant's Extract" the most desirable remedy ever manufactured. Allcena- lne has red Btrip across face of labeL with sig nature of Tarrant & Co., New York, npon it. Price. SL Sold by all druggists. oci'J-m-sn SmJt S?K$FSr 'mmmm fAliUlHiimtM sffipppp&p!&a mmimi fmf Wsh vSv &&&& rt 1st xCTJEp9 0 i rHPp Si GRAY'S SPECIFIC MEDICINE 1 CURES NERVOUS DEBILITY. LOST VIGOR. LOSS OF MEMORY. mil particulars in pamphlet sent free. The genuine liray's bpeclnc sold by druggists only la yellow wrapper. Frlce, SI per package, or alx for ti, or by malt on recetDt of Drlce. bv addrea. In THE GKAY MEDICINE CO, Buffalo, .N. Y Sold lnxlttsbnrg by 3. a. liUL,L,A.M. corner Bmltnflel a and Liberty sti mhI7-9t-DWt ooic's Cotton. Boot :jti tomcuuNu )Comrx3ed of Cotton Root. TansT and Pennyroyal a recent discovery by an 'old nhvslcian. Is tucccxifullu used tnontnty Safe. EnectuaL Price $1, by mall, sealed. Ladies, ask your druzgist for Cook's Cotton Root compound ana taice no suosutnte. or inclose 2 stamps for sealed particulars. Ad dress POND JLlLY COMPANY. No. 3 FlshflT Block, 131 Woodward ave Detroit. Mich. "" O"3old in Pittsburg, Pa, bv Joseph Flea tag A Bon. Diamond and Marketsts. seIS-23 TO WEAKi mEU Euffenn? from the effects of yonthful errors, early decay, wasttoir v- eatcess. lost manhood, etc.. I will send a valuable treatise (sealed) containing full particulars for home cure. FREE of charge. A splendid medical work: should be read by every man who I ncrvnn and tteMUtated. Address, Frof. F. C. FO WLEIt, ItIoodu,Coniu OC1S-43-D3U w . WEAK WOSV8EN! Save Yourselves. Nerve Beans, the ieM restorer, will cure weak back, ttke wy thu eloomr, tired teelin;, that nervous eihaustion.put roses im your cheeks, brighten your eyes, give you new hie. ambition, appetite, make you teniold more attractive AtfUtttjMirm. Itn, attllulth sun. Jt a boa, postpaid. Six boxes, J. Pamphlet (sealed) free. Address Nerve Bean Co.. BuSal W.Y. At Joseph Fleming U Soa's,aia Market St. Manhood RESTORED. RC3CEST rXXX. A Tictim U of nnthfnl lrnnrndtnr. CAtulncr Premature Dear, tferrous Debtutr, Lost Manhood, &, hATtng tried la Tain ererr known reme dy, ha dfrroTered a nimple mens of self -cure, which he will nd railed. KREE to his Mlow-willVrvT. AdfXrtsa, J. H. RK&YES, f.O. Box m .New York C&7. ocl9-53-TT3sa 1 A I I 1 BlB&RKKKKKKKBKKBKKKKKKKBKKKIBNIBKKKIKKIKKKKKIKBKKKUKK&MBSKi