m eitjncttPeople.
Belies of the Old Mound Builders in
the Mononsahela Valley.
WOKDEEFUL FORTS AND ALTARS.
A Field Worthy the Efforli of Experienced
Investigators.
THE HOUKDS EAWDLI MELTIXG AWAI
IWKirii-S TOR TBX 0ISPATCH.1
The report is aeain extant that the Smith,
somen -Institution will investigate the
ilonongahela Valley, arcbslogically speak
ing, the coming season. As the same re
port has "bobbed up serenely" almost regu
larly every season or years past, it is hardly
likely that local enthusiasts in such matters
vill develop a cold sweat of expectancy un
tiLsomething more tangible than the above
is demonstrated. However, in view of the
fact that this may be the time that this re
port will prove true, it would be apropos
to consider the chances of the investigators,
bo far as discovering anything beneficial to
science is concerned.
It is not generally known that the dis
trict referred to is remarkably rich in pre
historic remains. All alocg the hilltops
and bottom lands many relics or structural
and mechanical skill have been found. The
reason why most people have no knowledge
of their whereabouts is attributed to the fact
that all those earth-worKa or other construe-
Large Mound in Collier Tounuhip.
tions have, in the lapse of time, been so
blended with nature and the natural con
formation of the surrounding surface that
lo the inexperienced eye they are practically
invisible. The only work of the kind in
this vicinity to any extent well known is
tbe McKee's Bocks 'mound, which has been
referred to and described so often through
the medium of both histories and news
papers that there can be.no mistaking its
whereabouts.
HOUNDS ABOVE THE CITY.
But not as many are aware that there is
probably a dozen ol the same structures
along the Monongahel t river above tbe city,
within as many miles, not to mention the
other curious remains on the smaller streams
flowing into it. Some ot these are qnite
email; others nearly leveled by the plow
and freshet, but the major portion are as yet
prominent enough to be easily located by
those knowing how and where to look for
them.
Among mound remains are a number of
remarkable structures which deserve special
mention. They are stone, or more properly
"cobble-mounds." "Works of almost simi
lar character hare been found in England
and on the European continent, where they
are denominated -as "Urn mounds," from
the peculiar vases or urns usually found in
the eeptral portion,, la this vicinity the
'cobbr mounds" average about 6 feet in
ieigh and 25 teet in diameter horizontally,
Section of Cobble Mound.
nd are composed, as may be inferred, from
be name of rive.--'ioulders ranging from
1 pound to 300 or more in weight.
The only other works in this country ap
proaching them in appearance are the stone
mounds of Ohio and Kentucky. These,
however, are formed of fiat stones heaped
over an oblong stone cist, usually contain
ing human remains, lying in an eastern and
western direction. They are generally as
cribed to the modern Indian, but the cobble
mounds or our valley must be of great age,
judging from several peculiarities in their
character.
THE HTDIA1T JVASX'T A.WOBKEB.
As is well known, even in the records of
the early explorers, the American Indian
was riot in the habit of doing anything par
taking of tbe nature of work. He would
hardly carry these mighty boulders to the
heights on which they are found. Again,
in others irreat trees are found, one nearly
opposite Braddock having two large sassa
fras trees growiDgSrom the center, both of
which are seemingly of great age.
Beside the cobble-mounds there are many
other curious works of pre-historio people
bereaboats. Some two or three years since
anyone walking along the banks of the
Monengahela, about six or seven miles from
the city, might i'have noticed in places
washed out by river freshets remarkable re
mains of what seemed to be fireplaces or
rude" altars, some oi them ten feet below the
level cf the bottom land in which they are
iound. They were composed ot alternate
layers of ashes, and a peculiar reddish day,
the like of which is not to be found in this
Flirnres 1 an z
iShow crania from the
Uc&ee'e BoclJ
mound. Fig. 1 la an
Indian skull and was
rjfnnnti In mitpp win
ly'tlon. showing recent
hnttftl
Tig-. 1 fro"
Inner and more an
cient portion of
mound. Interior of
una lllf much
smaller than tbe
other.- The fone is
almost an Inch
thick.
vicinity. Upon to the present time their
origin or character is not known, tt is to
be hoped that the Smithsonian representa
tives will make a special effort to locate some
of these and offer some explanation regard
ing them.
Eemaint of rnde forts or systems of fortifi
cations are also to be found in many places,
particularly within the forks oi the Monon
gahela and Yougblogbeny. West of Buena
Vista, in Elizabeth township, portions of
what seems to be so old fort, are still to be
seen, and an ancient earthwork of tbe tame
character on the Wilson farm, in the tame
township, was remarkably well preserved
as late aj.J.830, when some of its walls stood
at least.
SIX FEET Hiait
At another place in Elizabeth a work of
almost similar construction can be seen. At
the confluence of Lewis' Tun and Peters
creek,ln Jefierson township, is a field knows
as "Fort Held." It derives its name from
an.old pre-historic fortification which stands
jthere. It U now nearly obliterated, bat
y ( v
"fert" -st
wh
'traces are still visible. Hounds, large and
small, are to be found in everv direction,
and stone graves without number. From
many of these structures, and in the vicin
ity of them, rude implements and instru
ments, weapons, pottery, etc, have been
unearthed without number. The axes,
some of copper, but usually stone, are re
markable for their size and weight, which
warrants in a measure the belief existing in
some places that they were originally
wielded by a people of superior strength
and stature. In a private collection owned
by a gentleman of this vicinity, there is a
lone ax verv armiuetric&l in chape, which
( weighs in the neighborhood of IS pounds,
and a rename autnonty states tnsi a weapon
of the same kind was found in one of the
southern townships some years since which
actually weighed 28 pounds. Many rock
paintings and carvings are also to be ob-
Tiro Rotable Jtelics.
Fig. 1 is a blue silica sandstone tube fonnd
ten teet below tbe snrface at Street's Bun. Its
nse Is not known. Tbe specimen is considered
by representatives of the Smithsonian Institu
tion the largest and most perfect In tbe conn,
try. It is now in the possession of J. W. Kern
ler. of the Southslde. Fie. 2 is a very fine bear
shaped stone pipe. The specimen was found in
a coal mine, and is now in the collection of Mr.
Norman Spans, of Etna.
served in different localities. These curious
works are particularly numerous up the
river. In one place is an extremely large
rock fairly covered with unique figures.
The stone weighs possibly 100 tons or more,
and lies flat in the soil.
THE SMITHSONIAN HASN'T TtTKDS.
About a year ago or more an individual
representing the Smithsonian in a semi
official way, appeared in this vicinity and
made a tour of examination. He was much
impressed by what he saw in the Mononga
helaValley and his only reason for not
making a more thorough investigation was
on account of the insufficient allowance
made by the Government for such work.
The Smithsonian Institute is all right, but
the parsimony of the Government when it
comes to making an appropriation for it is
remarkable. About $17,000, the income of
one Minister to a foreign court, is the usual
appropriation to defray the salary and ex
penses of the director and all his assistants.
It appears to be the policy of our legislators
to keep the politician up and the scientist
vice versa.
DANGEB IK DELAY.
Inasmuch as investigation recently tends
to make the pre-historic remains of this
county, if anything, more pnzzling than
ever to the student, those within our own
immediate vicinity should be given some at
tention ere they are obliterated entirely, and
beyond the reach of investigation or any
thing else. The local remains may yield
something of inestimable value to the arch
aeologist. Such finds are often made unex
pectedly. The simplest and most unassum
ing mound in the county may yield informa
tion of incalculable value to the investi
gators. Some means should be taken to pre
serve them, if the Government has not the
money to do so. Whatever move is made
must be made quickly, as the remains are
rapidly disappearing.
W. G. KAOTaIAHX.
SUBSTITUTE FOR SILK.
A Frenchman Ha Beaten the Silk Worm at
Its Own Game.
London Herald.l
American silk manufacturers have re
cently had their attention called to a new
discoverywhich was represented to them is
a cheap substitute for silk and was destined
to revolutionize the silk industry. It was
the invention of the Count Hilaire de Char
donnet, of Besaneon, France, of a fibre, pre
pared by a chemical process from cellulose,
and out of which fabrics are declared to
have been woven that resemble pure silk so
closely that a chemical analysis alone would
disclose the difference between them.
May 7, 1889, be announced the success of
bis work. He said that it became apparent
in the early stages of his experiments that
to produce a thread similar in transparencv,
texture and brilliancy to the product of the
silkworm, it would be necessary to spin it
from a liquid solution. Cellulose was
chosen as the starting point, the most con
venient preparation of which was made
from certain parts of young wood. With
this material a cure octo-nitro-cellnlose was
made by treatment with nitric acid, and
then dissolved in a mixture of $8 parts of
ether and 42 parts of alcohol, in a propor
tion 6.5 per cent Such a solution is called
collodion.
The collodion was placed in a retort, in
which an air-pump kept up a pressure of
several atmospheres. The collodion flows
off through tubes, at the outer ends of which
are glass nozzles, with hairlike apertures of
sizes to suit the desired fineness ot the
thread. These nozzles are surrounded by
cylinders, in which a current of cold water
is kept in circulation. As the celluloid
flows out of the nozzles in fine fibre it is con
gealed by the water. A. small automatic
machine is employed to lead the fibre
off and wind it. This thread, is,
under certain conditions, explosive, and
could not be considered a practical substi
tute for silk under such conditions. It is
therefore treated with a bath of dilute nitric
acid, which removes the nitric acid from
the fiber and renders the fiber non-explosive
and not more inflammable than silk. It can
now be made up into fabrics and dyed like
real silk.
Patents were obtained by Count Chardon
net in .France, Germany. England, Italy.
Holland, Belgium, Spain, Portugul, and
the United States, the latter September 3.
It is claimed the stuff can be made from
almost any known material of fibrous char
acter, and at about $1 40 per pound. This,
at its specific gravity, will make its relative
cost to silk about S3 per pound.
THE MONTANA ELECTION.
ASarprisIoz Quantity r Boodle Was Used
n Both Sides.
Hew Tort Press.
The first election in the State of Montana
was one of tbe most expensive and costly
that has ever come to my knowledge. There
were -wealthy men on both sides interested
in carrying the State in order to capture
the United States -Senatorships, and the
Northern Pacifio and Manitoba Bailroad
systems were also locking horns. E. L.
Bonner told me that no less than $500,000
was spent in the State for political organiza
tion and work. As tbe population of Mon
tana is only sufficient to form one Congres
sional district, the same ratio of expendi
ture in politics all over tbe country would
nnke a national election cost 5200,000,000.
MoiMana is evidently growing in political
"civilisation" and modern methods faster
than 6 xest of the country.
aJios CUMMINGS AT HOME.
Welcome Froai ITU Farroti and mm Ufj
Boa Hla Old Banjo.
Detroit Free 1'ress.i
When Amos' J. Cumminc, who has Sun
set Cox's seat in Congress, goes to his home
One of his parrots hears bis steps afar off
and begins to call out "Hullo! Hullol" A
few minutes later, when dinner is served,
the parrot sits on one side ot the Congress
man on a perch, another parrot sits close by
in a cage and a wretched little whiffet dog
that Cttmmingt imagines to be a beautiful
and intelligent animal frisks about and
paws and whines for his share of the meal.
After dinner if the 'printer-Congressman
stavs home, he takes down his banjo and
picks out upon it the tunes that more than
once got him ameal or bed in hit adven
turoui, roving boyhood.
THE
CHOOSING A MASTER.
ETerjMy Serves Somebody or Thing
Whether He Will or Not.
THE CHOICE IS WHO TO BERYE.
Story of Good Saint Christopher and His
Search for a Master.
LEGEND OF THE DETIL'S PAELIAMENT
tWEITTXIf JOB TBI SISrATCH.1 ,
Everybody it every day serving gome
body. It is inevitable. No choice Is offered
between serving and not serving. There is
so such thing in this world as not serving.
The only choice it a choice of masters.
The master may be a man or a thought;
the master may be an ideal, a purpose or the
embodimentof that ideal and purpose in some
notable human life or both together.
Whomsoever influences us, we serve.
Whatsoever influence leads us, that influ
ence we following after serve. Influence
means mastery. The artist serves the greater
artist under whom he studies, after whom he
patterns. Or il he be great'enough to have
men who rather pattern alter him, he serves
still tome high ideal, some imagined grace
and loveliness whose approving smile he
strives to win. So with all people who-are
working, or even living, in this world. We
are all servants. We all pay obedlencesbme
where.' We have only one choice in the mat
ter the choice of masters.
This choice of masters, whether or not we
desire to make it, whether we are even con
scious or not of making it, we must make.
We cannot help it It is a part of tbe in
evitability of service.
I can think ot only one man who might
be exempt from it: that would be a man cast
on some 'absolutely deserted island, blind,
deaf and bereft of memory. And perhaps
even such a man would have to choose. Yes,
even such a man would have to make a
choice unless you took away hit reason and
his will, too. So long as he could dis
tinguish right from wrong he would hare to
choose his master.
THE 8XTPEEME CHOICE
which confronts every human and reason
ing being in this world the choice between
God and the devil would inevitably con
front him. We begin to choose our master
as soon as we know wrong from right, and
while that knowledge lasts, choose we abso
lutely must This, you will observe, con
tradicts fatalism sharply. There is no such
fact as fatalism in human life. Take one on
whom the hand of fate, at men say. seems
laid the heaviest the child of degraded and
depraved parents, inheriting tbe vices of a
dozen generations of rascals, born in the
most miserable, heathen, devilish slum,
hearing almost nothing except evil, seeing
almost nothing but sin. If there is such a
great unalterable law, as some think,
written on the iron leaf, with fate for
its constable, that child has no chance
at all. There it no law like that. Even
such a being has a chance. To even such a
being there is present every day a worse and
a better; every day God speaks to him, calls
bim by the invitation of the better; he may
choose that, and right the worse if he will.
And choosing what is better to-day, he will
infallibly see a gleam of something better
still to-morow. And so it will be like
climbing a long ladder, round by round, out
of a black pit into the blaze of sunlight, into
the clear air of heaven. Every man and
woman in this world has such a ladder close
beside them, and can climb it if they wllL
THE LESS02T OP FBEE TVILL.
This universal possibility, this universal
necessity ot moral choice is what the doc
tors of theology mean when they talk
about free will. Now, the lesson of free
will is the lesson of human responsibility.
For think of it This is the way it runs,
like a demonstration in geometry! We must
choose masters; we may choose whatever
master we will; the sort of life we lead, the
sort of man or woman we are, depends upon
that choic.-, and we are responsible for it It
is a terrible truth. But there is no getting
away from it True it is. We are in
evitably and absolutely-responsible.
These three truths: the inevitability of
service, the inevitability of choice, and per
sonal responsibility for choice, go straight
on logically into a fourth truth: the duty of
choosing the service of the best matter.
The beautiful and familiar story of St,
Christopher is a symbol of the right fulfill
ing of this duty. You remember how that
good man, before hit name wat either
"Saint" or "Chrittopher," wat stirred at
heart by a great desire to serve the strongest
He wanted to put his great strength at tbe
service of the very best master in the world.
And so he chose, you remember, the most
powerful noble of his native country, and
served him. But one day, riding in this
noble's train, they passed a splendid com
pany of knights and gentlemen, and among
them one dressed in gorgeous raiment, to
whom all paid reverence, and before whom,
as they met, the noble humbly bared his
head. And to the giant's question the noble
answered, "That is the King." So Christo
pher had found a greater than his master.
He left the noble and entered the service of
the King.
A GEEATEB THAN THE KINO.
But one night, passing through a gloomy
forest, thunder muttering is the distance,
black sky above, broken by fitful gleams of
lightning, the wind sighing strangely in the
branches, tbe King seemed troubled. He
looked from right to left, he hurried his
horse and several times made the sign of the
cross upon his breast And when Chris
topher made bold to question him he an
swered that he was dreadfully afraid of the
devil. And so there was a stronger than
the King. Therefore Christopher sought
diligently to serve the devil.
But upon another gusty night, as he rode
in Satau'B company, Christopher noticed
that the devil made a very long detour,
going four or five miles off the main road,
with the intention of avoiding a certain
spot where four ways met And when
the strong man looked there stood
by the roadside, beneath the shelter ol a
rude shrine of wood, a figure of One with
thorns about Hit head and nails piercing
His bands and feet, hanging on a cross. The
devil was afraid of anything Which remind
ed bim of Him who hung upon the cross.
So at last, going thus from master to master,
seeking the strongest, Christopher came to
Christ, and found no greater than he, ever.
That beautiful old story is a Symbol, I say,
of the duty of the choice of service. Choose
the strongest
If wealth and strength are strongest, and
you can discover nothing better in this hu
man life, choose them. Devote yourself to
making money; Bo not give a thought to
any 6ther purpose in the world. But first,
be very sure that yon are right If to be
great, to have position, to be much thought
of in the world of politics, or commerce, or
letters, or science, or society, "to be a king
among men, to be a queen among women
if there is no worthier service
IN" THIS fitJMAir LITE
-nothing better to aim at or try after, then
choose that Givcyourself to that unceas
ingly. Whatsoever a man soweth that shall
be also reap. If that is jutt the harvest
which you want, do the right tort of sowing,
and do it diligently, add you will reap You
will have your reward such as it is. Is it
the belt that one can have, or long for? Be
very sure of that If the tpirit of tin can
make your life the happiest, can make you
most permanently tuccesslul in this world
and tbe next, choose that Whoever serves
the devil is going to succeed. There is no
doubt about it He is certain to suc
ceedlor a while, and after a certain fash
ion. He will have a charming time, and
enjoy himself delightfully for a while, and
after a certaip fashion. If you want that
tort of tnccess, if you can get any joy out of
that tort of joy, go on, -do that But first,
think! Is there no dreadful mistake about
it somewhere? Are you right?
But if Christ be the best master,, if your
heart tell you"that,1f your reason emphasizes
that, why aot wkff Hhaf -laaftthat what
PITTSBURG DISPATCH.
vonr heart and reason tav? Whvsot. like
man, enter the service of the strongest?
Biit all the motives which push on the
purposes of men, examine all the desires
which lead men thit way and that follow
the best motive; desire what is mast desir
able. Can any man or woman do a thing
more reasonable? Yon must serve. You
mutt choose. Choose wisely now. Where
will yon find a hero to set by the side of the
Christian hero? Where will you discover
any other who can, from any point of gen
nine excellence, approach Christ? Where
will you find any purpose which will make
your life worthier, happier.'better, than the
Christian motive? Any ideal higher or more
helpful than tbe Christian ideal?
MISTAKES IK THE MESSAGES.
I like to remember how patient the King
was in the parable when the invited guests
relused to come. He sent the servants
straight back to give the invitation over
again and give it better. He took it quite
for granted that the messengers had made
some mistake in their delivery of the mes
sage. Again and again, in the bearing of
God's messages, such mistakes are made.
The servant who brings the message makes J
himself so disagreeable that nobody teeis
like accepting such an ungracious invita
tion, or else he gets the message twisted,
and what he says it not what the Master
meant him to say at all, and to the invited
guests say '"no."
So much depends upon the way In which
religious truth is stated. And religious
truth, it most be confessed, is many times
presented in a fashion which turns sensible
an 4 thoughtful folk against it Xknow few
things more likely to turn men, especially
against religion, than that statement of it,
which you will at once understand when I
call it "pious." To be "pious" means all
that it weak, irrational, irritating, morbid,
foolish and unmanly and unwomanly in re
ligion. It meant a kind of religion which
has a great deal of emotion in it and no
sense. I am afraid that some men are kept
out of the Christian church by "pious"
talk. To be religious meant to be reason
able, clear-sighted, straightforward, unaf
fected, sensible, having hold of the highest
and most valuable truth in this world, and
wanting to make others sharers In it
ONLY A HATTEB 07 CHOICE.
Now, a good many strong men and some
good women turn from church membership
just because this matter of Christian alle
giance hat been presented to them from the
tide of weak "piousness." But let me tell
you clearly that church membership is just
this which I have taid: It it a choice of
service. It it a plain opportunity for a
man to do the manliest thing which a man
can do to choose the worthiest Master in
the world, and to confess hit determination
to follow Him.
When shall thit choice be made? To
day. There may not be another day. How
do you know there' will be? Here at least it
an opportunity to-day. Will there be an
other? Not the wisest know. And "our
opportunities become onr judges." Between
this day and God's next decisive call for
volunteers what a multitude of unexpected
things may happen! And in the battle be
tween good and bad, why delay even-a day
to put your name upon the Master's roll of
right In the leaving of a lower ideal
to follow a higher, why not? Every
day yon tarry is but another day or a short
life in which you might be making the very
most of yourself, and offering the very best
of yourself to the best Master, and are hold
ing back. What if you have all along been
serving some lower master, and have just
now disbovered a worthier service. Why
should you hesitate to declare your new
conviction? What matters it to you what
people Bay to you who want to" do your
duty, to you who have made the great dis
covery? Or, suppose that you have ail
along been misconceiving Christ's religion.
Yon have imagined it to be mistaken, where
now you find it true; you have thought it to
be weak, where now you put your hand on
solid rock; shall this long opposition hinder
yon from standing by the truth which now
you know? Shall you remember the words
yon said in the past, and hesitate to go so
iharply in the face of them? Shall yon
wait a year or two to make the change?
JTO SEASON" TO TTAIT.
Hy brother, you have all along been fol
lowing the best religions light which you
possessed, everybody who knows you knowt
that keep straight on in that path. Do
not stop in that endeavor. You see clearer
light to-day. Follow where it leads you.
Wherever truth leads, follow. Whenever
God calls, and you hearH is voice, then go
straight on, at if you were in the service of
your country and heard the call of your
commander. You would not wait an instant
after that call.
Some of yon will remember the quaint
old legend of the devil's parliament; how
the prince of evil gathered his Satanic
cabinet of counselors to consult about the
best way of ruining man's soul. Everybody
had a scheme. One taid: "I will go and
tell the children of men that there is no
God."
"Some may believe that," said the arebf
fiend, "but not many."
"Well, I will go," answered another,
"and tell them that the Bible it a lie."
"Yes," said Satan, "that might do very
well, but here it a better plan than any.
Go you all, and whisper, in the hearts of
men, 'There it no hurry!' "
Geoeoe fiODCJES.
ADULTEfiATION OF CANDI.
A Manufacturer Says Harmless Articles Are
Used How to Eat lb
TewTorkSnn.
"Candy is not unwholesome if it is made
of pure sugar and harmless coloring and
flavoring," said a Fulton street sugar baker.
"Sugar, you know, fs very nourishing and
if people with sweet teeth would.only eat
candy as it should be eaten the dentists in
New York would have less work to do.
Candy should be absorbed not masticated,
and you can always detect impurities in
candy by sucking it Ifit is pure sugar it
will all melt slowly in your mouth, but if
any sediment remains .yon may be satisfied
that you have eated impure candy. How
ever, as a rule even adulterated candy is not
injurious, because flour or cornstarch are
usually the ingredients used to increase the
quantity, and, beyond destroying the
flavor, they do not materially injure the
quantity.
"Always choose brown candy if you can.
It is much more likely to be pure than the
green, or the pink or red, or even the white.
Never crush it between your teeth. Allow
the natural beat of the mouth to dissolve It,
and don't attempt to chew it at though it
were a tough beefsteak."
TIETUE OP ME GEAPE FEUIT.
Its Tonle Kature Makes It a Great Aid to
DIaeiilon.
When the remedial virtues of the grape
fruit of Florida are as well known at they
should be, says Dr. A. O. Bobinson, in the
St "LoM'ia dloJe-Dimocrat, the fruit; will be
used by that large class of people who "find
somethingof a tonic nature essential to their
good digestion. No one can fail to benefit
by eating an orange before breakfast every
morning.- The grape frnit has all the pood
qualities of the orange in an increased de
gree: Many people to whom 1 have recom
mended the grape frnit, "the quinine ot
fruits" some people call it, have complained
that the fruit is bitter to the taste. This is
because ther do -not know bow to eat it Tbe
envelope of each section of the grape fruit,
which is after all but a variety ot orange, is
very bitter. This should be removed, and
the juicy part of the interior eaten only,
and, my word for it, it will be preferred to
any other orange ever tasted.
Cblcnso and tbe English Press.
Newcastle (Ens.) Chronicle.
Spiritualist: "I want to talk to the tpirit
of Christopher Columbus."
Medium (after a short visit to the cabi
net): "Ton can't He's ill'
Spiritualist: "What hat made im ill?"
i Medium: "Someone has told him the
World's .Fair waagoing to be held'inr -CM
xago.S' i . ' -b-. VL. '
J3TJNDAY, PEBRUAEY ,
jnlDPT?'PtC'AD-rPll li lVX'O'P'
kUliliJijyiJ UJllllJ lilUli
Bessie Bramble's Ideas Upon the Ee,
Yision of the Confession.
D0CTEINE8 THArABB ABHOBREKT
A Comparison With "Beliefs That Prompted
Puritan Crneltles.
IQNOEANCE OP THE POINTS AT ISSUE
twirrm Toa Tint bispatch.i
The recent debate of the New "York Pres
bytery upon the subject of the revision of
the Westminster Confession of Faith shows
that tbe spirit of the age has at last invaded
successfully the long held fortress of Cal
vinism, and shaken to its foundations the
rock of Puritanism, Presbyterianism, K. P.
ism and TT. P. ism, to long held stubbornly
as the bulwark of their faith.
Puritanism in its stanchest, sternest form
flourished most luxuriantly in New En
gland, but has now, given way to liberalism,
and an amazing growth of rationalism.. In
very many of the old New Eneland 'fami
lies, whose ancestors braved the, terrors of
the breaking waves and the solitude of the
new world in search of a "faith's pure
shrine." that faith is held as superstition,
while Its leading doctrine of predestination
is repudiated as something that belonged to
the barbario ages of the past Many are
proud ot their namesof Mayflower fjme, and
of being the descendants of the first fam
ilies who found homes on "the stern and
rock-bound coast," but they have little
renDect for their doctrines. They regard
with detestation the bigotry so cruel, the
religious fanaticism so controlled and ani
mated by the spirit and example of Calvin,
that found manifestation in the rigid perse
cution of all other scots, and In that deeper
horror, the burning of innocent good women
as witches.
Calvin was an intense hater, and those
who opposed his views were, in bis' mind,
doomed to non-election, and therefore no
scruples need be entertained as to sending
them "down below" a little ahead of the
time at which their death might occur in
the order of nature. 'When the great leader
and exponent of their faith and creed per
secuted his enemies, and never desisted from
his efforts against Servetus the man who
ventured to disagree with him as to the
doctrine of the Trinity until the unfor
tunate heretic was burned at the stake, it is
not wonderful that Calvin's earnest follow
ers and most devoted adherents felt them
selves justified in following his illustrious
example bv burning women. As a lecent
writer has observed on the subject of di
vorce: "In those days, when tbe church
held the keys of marriage and dictated to
the civil law, no divorces were permitted.bnt
when a man got dissatisfied with his wife,
and desired to get rid of her, he denounced
her as a heretic and a witch, and she was
delivered up to torture, and death at the
stake by decree of the Ecclesiastical author
ities. EXTENT OF SHOOKIWO rASATICISM.
This was perhaps, less expensive, and cer
tainly more effectual than the present
method of divorce by the civil courts. To
what extent this shocking system of fanati
cismjand cruelty wat carried in that sternly
pious age is shown by the fact, as related,
that nine millions of women in Europe and
America were thus cruelly and hastily
ushered out of the world to dwell with the
non-elect in eternal flames by the ohnrch
authorities. That the common people
should be committed to such abominable
doctrine as that women were responsible
for all evil, and in league with the devil
is not surprising under consideration that
the authorities and leaders of both Catholic
and Protestant countries in that age held
the same doctrine of belief upon that point
Calvin held himself possessed of divine
right to barn those denounced as heretics.
Lather said: "I would burn them all."
John Wesley declared that the giving up
of witchcraft was in effect giving up the
Bible. Bichard Baxter, "the great Puri
tan," who preached more sermons
and, engaged in more controversies than
any other man of . his age, and
who was so inclined to a spirit of love that
he rather shrank from the hard1 doctrines of
Calvin, heartily condemned those who dis
believed in punishing witches as "wicked
Sadducees," and Cotton Mather added fuel
to the flames by his intensity of condemna
tion for those whose hearts were moved to
compassion lor "hapless heretics." When
this cruelty to women was abolished by act
of Parliament the Calvinists of Scotland
bewailed the new law at "a great national
tin."
STANDS OUT AS ATROCIOUS.
The civilization of the nineteenth cen
tury stands aghast at the shocking revelation
that this atrocious superstition to speak
not of others was a ruling influence in the
church for centuries, and was held by clergy
and law givers as the fulfilling of divine
law. To the people of to-day, it is amazing
that the teachers of the gospel of love, that
thole who read in their Bibles that love to
God' and love to man were the
great commandments that it was a duty to
"Besist not evil," "Therefore all things
whatsoever ye would that men shduld do to
-you, do ye even so to them for this is the
Jaw and the1 prophets," "Judge not" and "I
will have mercy and not sacrluce" could
yet insist on sacrifice without mercy. Bead
ingstudylng, preaching the law of love
eyery day fcf their lives, they yet inculcated
by precept and example the practice ot
cruelty, hatred and persecution even unto
death, oucn glaring inconsistency gives
point to the lines of Burns that
"Man's Inhumanity to man
llakcs.countlcss thousands mourn,
and' adds force to the battering ram of Inger
soll against creeds, when he says as to
orthodoxy t"It is a religion that gives hope
to only a few; that putt a dark shadow upon
the- cradle; that wraps the coffin in dark
ness, and fills the future of mankind with
flames and fear" that teaches that"God
has created nine-tenths or mankind in order
to wreak upon them hit eternal vengeance
for his own glory."
POSITION OF THE CLEEOT.
In this age of thought, of reason, of skep
ticism, is it wonderful that even those or
dained to teach and promulgate this doc
trine and uphold it by oath as divine truth
should shrink from it, and demand a re
vision of the creed, so that it may express
and emphasize rather the love ot God for
mankind than His terrible wrath and
vengeance? Or. Parkhurat asks for revision
because, as he says, he cannot preach pre
destination to eternal punishment and the
damnation of infants to his people; he can
not say to them from the pulpit that the
majority of tb,e people in the pews are
elected to a future of eternal flames, no mat
ter what they do. It he thought the Bible
taught such doctrine he would tear it up.
This is pretty strong talk from a clergyman,
who "has sworn to uphold tbe very doctrines
he so ardently now repudiates, but it shows
to what extent the pulpit hat been reached by
the heresies of the age.
Even here in Pittsburg the stronghold
of Calvinism the pulpit is a little "off"
on the Westminster confession, as is shown
by the announcement of Brother Donehoo
that he proposes at the next meeting of
Presbytery to take the field against the ob
jectionable doctrines of the creed and favor
its revision. Thus the leaven works, and
no wonder that the Presbyteries are in a
ferment
A. LACK OF rNFOEMATION.
The strange thing about all this agitation
at to doctrine is that many who uphold it
and are prepared to fight against change,
know very little about Ft The Confession
of Faith is a mysterious document almost at
little known to'the rank and file of church
members as is the Constitution of tbe United
States to many who fubtcribe to its senti
ments and swear to uphold it, but are ignor
ant of its articles bevond the general idea
I that all men are free and equal, and one
man Jt as gooa at any otaer man,, anq any
man, whether crazy criminal, it better
than any woman.
The great mHt FmtyterkM teww
1890.
comparatively little of the articles of faitbr
now being to nouy attaeked and warmiy de
fended by the ministers of the different
Presbyteries. It has not been good form for
many years to preach the objectionable -doctrines,
to shake up the sinners, and frighten
tne timid into fits, and make children afraid
to go to bed, as used to be the case in old
times, when a minister was judged by his
capacity to raise, the hair of his hearers with
terror and dismay. That the horrors of
eternal woe are not now definitely defined is
shown by the case of a devout and intelli-
fent member of the church who defended it
otly upon all occasions. When confronted
by the doctrine as held of the damnation of
non-elect infants she Indignantly denied
that any such cruel and unholv dogma
could beheld by any who professed or called
themselves Christians, and wat crushed and
dismayed when the Confession of Faith wat
shown to her as her own creed to deeply
loved and reverenced.
ABHOBBENT SO THE JIOTHEK.
No mother can hold to such a creed in
spirit and in truth, No mother can believe
that her innocent child is condemned to
eternal punishment before it has opened its
eyes in a world of misery and woe. The
temptations ot tin, tbe tendency to evil are
bad enough, but that the child of her love
and hopes should be stamped as Satan's
own by predestination is too monstrous and
horrible to be entertained in the nineteenth
oentury, though the limited Intelligence and
intimidated reason of the seventeenth may
have acquiesced in, and perhaps accepted it,
as a manifestation of love and benevolence
and justice.
To those who accept creeds without
thought, and believe doctrines without ques
tion, the proposed revision will ' hardly
amount to tuch deliverance at will give
them much concern or comfort, but to the
honest conscientious church people it will
be a great and welcome gain to know that
the great mystery of the "fall of man," and
predestination to perdition, and tbe election
of the great majority of mankind to eternal
hell fire all dogmas of a superstitious age
are no longer left as a reproach to the
church, and as an imposition upon the con
science of its ministers, many of whom,
while tbey have subscribed to it do now
rebel against it and favor its revision, or its
abolition.
DOUBT AS TO EXPEDIENCY.
Eminent ministers are found on both sides
of this great question, but those opposed to
the revision aie, in the main. Only doubtful
of its expediency. They are afraid to let go
of the old standards. Still the confession
now is what might be called a dead letter
a relic of the past that may be cherished as
an heirloom, but as a standard of life and
faith it is in common parlance "played out"
People put their old family spinning wheels
in the parlor, but they never spin, and so
the Westminster Confession may be stored
away in libraries at a relio of ancient civil
ization when fear wat the moving force in
stead of love.
There need be no fear concerning Truth
even if "the standard" ahould be revised or
rejected. At the Professor at tbe Breakfast
Table said: "Truth is tough," and can
stand any test of discussion. Let the re
vision go on. In the long run nothing will
suffer, ".but the scarecrows of superstition,
and the monuments of a creed so terrible
that it embittered life and made of those
who held it sincerely, the sour, solemn,
glootnv, morose and stubborn people de
scribed in history as the ancient Puritans,
but whose creed their descendants have
long outgrown. Bessie Bsakble.
ii i j
0SCE A POPULAR STAB.
Career of Jean Hasmer, Wbo Died Recently
ia Obicnrity.
New York San.
An actress pasted away the other day
whose lile had been strangely checkered,
not without triumphs of a notable kind, but
with far more crosses than falls to the lot of
the average player. She was Jean Hosmer,
who died in Buffalo. She was born in 1842.
Her father was a Buffalo merchant, and
Jean was sent to school to be a teacher. But
at 10 the .child became infatuatedwith. the
stage. She has herself told bow, at the
ueaa oi nient, sne ana a stage-strucx com
panion used to commit parti to memory from
old play books, bought surreptitiously. One
night the precocious pair ran away from the
seminary, and headed directly for the old
Metropolitan Theater in Buffalo. Astern
professor followed them, sat behind them,
and when he had enjoyed nearly all the
show, led the truants out by tbe ears. It
was a bitter experience, but it did not crush
Jean Hosmer.
She used to tell her friends that the only
stage joke Edwin Booth wat ever known to
play on an actress of his company had her
lor his victim. She was the Kathtrine to
his Petruchio one night. During a Wait
when he was not on the stage, Booth black
ened his mustache. When he kissed Kath-,
erine in the last act be left a well-marked
black streak around the shrew's nose and
moutb. The audience roared with laughter,
of course, and their hilarity wat only in
created by the absolute wonderment of the
unconscious Katherine, Of Wilkes Booth,
the actress who had played to him night
alter night has said: "I 'considered him a
greater actor than bis brother. He better
represented the genius of his father, the first
Junius Brutus Booth, and he played with
such fire and vigor that he made us in, his
company actually fear him. But he did not
have the refinement, grace and crystal clear
ness of elocution possessed by Edwin."
Jean Hosmer starred first as Juliet at
Philadelphia in 1663. In "Camille" she
was especially powerful and effective. Ma
tilda Heron once thought Jean Hosmer her
best rival in that role, and ultimately Miss
Heron told to Miss Hosmer for 5400 the
right to play the Heron version of the piece.
But Heron wat a bad business woman, and
in making out the contract she inadvertent-
ly shut herself out, for she had intended to
reserve for herself a right in tbe piece.
When Mils Heron realized the technical ef
fect of her blunder she threw np her hands
in despair and, pacing up and down the
dressing room, exclaimed tragically: "Jean
Hosmer's bones will be crackling in badet
while I am playing 'Camille' in heaven!"
But she forgave Miss Hosmer all the
same, and there was no injunction. Of late
years Jean Hosmer hat not been favored by
fortune. She grew careless of herself. Lat
terly she had plaved in inferior companies,
and then not always with distinction. Miss
Hosmer played once in Pittsburg.
T I
Tale or n Baflalo Rich Mat.
Buffalo Courier.
It it Baid on very good authority that a
rich man of this town who it notorious for
bis avarice was recently taken suddenly
quite ill. fearful that hh end was at
preaching; he made a sight draft on himself
for bit entire fortune and swallowed it, -and
then awaited dissolution with exemplary
fortitude.
Otdeat Locomotive Saalaear.
The oldest locomotive engineer, in New
England, if not Is- the- United States, it
Thomat W. Oapron, wn h been in active;
and mtinuou3 aervice -f tie New York,
Prori4fiCaai Bottom rewl ai&ee 183-
Jean Sormtr.
EVERT DAY SCENCE.
Advisability of Cities Enforcing a
System of Architecture.
A COMPBESSED AIE CAB HOTOB.
Luminous Keyholes to Help Those "Who
Tarry Long at the Wine.
BEST I1HE 15 BAILROAD HIST0KI
Beadert of The Dispatch who desire
information on subjects relating to indus
trial development and progress in mechani
cal, civil and electrical engineering and the
sciences can have their queries answered
through this column.
Prof. Hooper in showing how the general
architectural effect and the question of the
greatest good to the greatest number is pre
judicially affected by the want of uniformity
in the buildings of most American cities,
puts forward a plea or some method of se
curing a standard, and instances the fact
that in approaching European cities from
the country, no such utter lack of method
in grouping of building wat found. There
is hardly a city in the country to-day that
hat not been disfigured, and whose growth
has not been more or lett checked by the
lack of unity of design among its inhabi
tants. A broad and aagaciout policy in the
management and government of cities is
in no direction needed more than is
the beautifying of cities and making them
attractive to the eye. It is lamentable to
see how in Philadelphia, New York, Brook
lyn, Pittsburg and other large cities mag
nificent structures are demeaned by their
surroundings. Paris is constantly quoted
for the symmetry and proper architectural
effects of its buildings, and this is the result
of its municipal law, which is rigidly en
forced. The ordinance requires that tbe
height of chimneys and the height and pitch
of rooft shall be within certain prescribed
limits, according to the width of the street
and the height of the building itself, and it
does not permit a man to cat dp a structure
without regard to the character and purpose
of other nuildingt in the neighborhood.
Neither may he build it of any material or
in any style he may ohoose, regardless
of its effect upon the market value of
adjoining property. The detailed plans and
elevations of every building proposed to be
erected must be submitted to the proper des
ignated authorities. Of course, durability
and safety against fire are the primary ob
jects in view, but symmetry and architectur
al effects are looked alter quite ad carefully.
Prom the American point of view, which
practically accords to everybody the right
to do pretty much as he pleases, without re
gard to the effect upon others, some of these
regulations seem to be arbitrary and unnec
essary, or at least not suited to the condi
tions of life in this country;but the adoption
of some modification of them would be dis
tinctly advantageous even here. Not only
are those who have made large investments
in handsome buildings calculated to im
prove and benefit the city, entitled to this
protection against assaults upon the value of
their property, but tbe welfare and prosperi
ty of the whole community would be vastly
improved thereby.
New Flbroua Material.
A new fibrous material teems likely to
come into general requisition. The okra
hitherto hat been prized only at a vegetable,
the mucilaginous poc"s being used for thick
ening toup and to form a peculiar Southern
disk called gumbo. It ia also a native of
the West Indies, where it it served at a
vegetable, or made into a delicious toup
called ''pepper-pot," into the conrpositiorr
of which shrimps or black-crab claws
largely enter. The fiber which the okra
'produces is described as long- and silky and
generally strong and pliant, its breaking
strain being 79 pounds dry and 95 pounds
wet .When well prepared it is adapted for
the mannfacture of rone, Urine, sicking
and paper. In Prance the miinufacture of
paper from the fiber is patented, and here it
receives only mechanical treatment, and
produces a paper called banc's, which is
said to be equal to that made from pure
rags. Tbe okra will unquestionably su
persede jute in the making' of gunny
cloth, cordage, shirtings and coat-linings,
at it can be produced at very low cost, and
with improved modes of preparation it is
very probable that it may come to be used,
as jute is now utilized on a large scale, in
mixing with tilk, cotton and woolen fabrics,
and in paper making. If the experiments
which are being undertaken by tbe Agri
cultural Department with regard to- the cul
tivation and propagation of the okraplant
should prove successful, the importation ot
jute to this country will in all probability
be no longer necessary.
Artistic Training- of the Parisian Artisan.
. In Paris the highest perfection of the
building trade is attained. The city as a
building center is the queen of the world.
Everything it artistic from the beginning of
the building to the last stroke of the paint
er's brush. Every artisan and mechanic in
Paris is an artist. He has every opportun
ity to develop his taste for the beautiful in
art, lor on every side he see everything
done with a view to the artistic and the
beautiful. Por the Frenchmen's benefit and
education the State maintains museums, art
naileries and gardens, which are free to all
comers, and the Parisian workman avails
himself to the fullest extent of these oppor
tunities. At a consequence he becomes not
only a better mechanic, but an artist Amer
ican methods of building compare favora
bly, however, with those adopted in
'Europe, with the exception, perhaps, that
tbere the solidity of construction is greater,
and that pains are taken to carry out tbe
idea oi the architect, even to the smallest
detail.
Mnstncbe Trainer.
We are accustomed to look for invention
in strange fields, but a speculator on this
subject would sever have guessed that a
mustache trainer would come to be the sub
ject of a patent Such, however, it the case,
and an apparatus for controlling and cor
recting the highly-prized masculine appen
dage has appeared. The device is made
with an elastic, curved-metallic strip of thin
metal, at th ends of which are secured ad
justable plates, faced on the inner sides
with soft cloth for the purpose of comfort
ably clasping the face and retaining the
hold. The device being placed in position,
tne mustache is adjusted many desired
form and held in position, and the wearer
may keep it on during tbe night So snug
is the fit that the wearer is not in the least
discommoded, and the use' of the contriv
ance for a reasonable time is taid to accom
plish with certainty the detired result
Novel Street Car Motor.
A company it being formed to introduce a
new ttreet car motor, which it to be driven
by compressed air applied at stations .along
the line. It is asserted by the controllers of
the invention that the roads operating this
system can be built and equipped for less
than balf the cost of cable car lines; that
the meed can be instantly and accurately
"TegulateS up to 22 miles an hour; that the
cost ot operation will m cenu prr mile, at
against 9 or 10 cents with cable or horse
cars: that curves with radius of but 20
feet nqd steep bills titer no difficulties to
thB motor. The manner of stopping, re
versing and regulating the motion of the
cam ia declared to be practically perfect
i " i i i.i
TJe of tarbolle Acid Deprecated.
Prol Billroth, of Vienna, has teat out
another earnest warning against the im
prudent use of carbolic- acid, which in many
case e&weaWi ktffBecat woaneT to be-
eoa gaBgreaees. He- joys: "The ate of
,-. .
Iff
carbolic acid it much more limited in sur
gery than before, it may not only cause in
flammation! and gangrene, it may kill by
blood poisoning. I dissuade most emphatic
ally the application of carbolic acid with
out the prescription of a physician. I
recommend as the best bandage for fresh
wounds acetate of lead (lead water), whieh
it for tale in all drug stores."
Franda Id Cosmetics.
Dr. Albert E. Ebert, in a paper on "Cos
metics," thowt that tbe public is flagrantly
swindled by manufacturers of cosmetics. He
gave as an instance the case of a little pot of ,
"cream" which has a wonderful reputation
on the strength of its secret formula. It is
sold for $1 SO, and costs 10 cents, being com
posed of common zino oxide, ground in
equal parts of water and glycerine, and per
fumed with rose. Another well-known wash,
which retailed at $18 a dozen, was shown to
consist of water and calomel, which cost 63
cents per dozen to manufacture. The dan
gers arising from the use of cos
metics, is according to Dr. Ebert,
greatly overdrawn. Face preparations have
a legitimate use, and properly used are no
more harmful than perfumes. Zinc, when
present in powders, possesses some curative
powers, and bismuth Is only slightly injuri
ous; The principal trouble is the continu
ous application ot powders and the stopping
up of the capillaries of the face. Most face
powders are only zinc, bismuth, magnesia
and chalk. Lead and mercury seldom enter
into them. These are more frequently; found
in washes, which get their only merit from
the glycerine or oil in which the elements
are ground. In all ot them there is no dif
ference except as to name. Dr. Ebert had
tome figures which showed that 62,000,000
were spent in America each year for cos
metics, ot which 525.000,000 were re-invested
in advertising and that the remainder, $15,
000,000, was profit
Hclebt of Sea Waves.
The late Captain Scoresby measured the
waves of tbe Atlantio from the bridge of a
Cunarder, and he reported their maximum
elevation as being 26 feet. It it now found,
however, that in stormy weather that limit
is far exceeded. Not long ago the Servia
was the largest and most powerful passen
ger steamer, afloat Seen on smooth water
in her ordinary trim her towering height
seemed to secure her against being boarded
by any wave, yet on one occasion a leaping
sea struck her with such violence that It
flattened one of her huge funnels. The
height of that wave mast have been nearer
CO feet than 26. Very reeentlv the Dundee
screw-liner, Croma, arrived at New York in
a sea-battered condition and reported fear
ful weather. She had actually shipped a
sea down her funnel an elevation of 66
feet above the ordinary water level. If
steamers having such a degree of buoyancy
meet with such experience, it it not to be
wondered at that heavy-cargo steamers,
with decks loaded with cattle, occasionally
go to the bottom.
-"
A Doctor7 Advice.
A popular physician was recently called
on by a friend to whom, in tbe course of
conversation, he said: "There are ten simple
precautions which form an excellent rule of
life, and, if people would but observe them,
I should have to resort to some other meant
of making a livelihood." He then enumer
ated the following: "Don't read in street
cars or other jolting vehicles. DOn't nick thp
teeth with pins or other hard substance.
Don't neglect any opportunity to insure a
variety of food. Don't eat or drink hot and
cold things immediately in succession. Don't
pamper the appetite with such variety of
food that may lead to excess. Don't read,
write or do any delicate work unless receiv
ing the light from the left side. Don't
direct special, mental or physical
energies to more than eight hours' work in
each day. Don't keep the parlor dark un
less you value your carpet more than your
and your children's health. Don't delude-i
yourself into the belief that you are all iXJ
ception so far as sleep is concerned; the
nominal average of sleep is eight hftots.
Don't endeavor to rest the mind by absoluto'T'
inactivity; let it rest in work in other chan
'nels, and thus rest the tired part ofthe
brain. n IserS
Atmospheric Doit.
Tbe President of the Boyal Meteorolog
ical Society, of London, England, Dr. Mar
cet, recently read a paper on "Atmospheric
Dust" which he divided into organic or
combustible, and mineral or incombustible.
The dust scattered everywhere in the atmos
phere, and which is lighted up in a sun
beam or a ray from an electric lamp, it of
an organic nature. It it seen to consist of
countless motes, rising, falling or gyrating,
although it it impossible to follow any of
them with the eye for longer than a fraction
of a second. It is difficult to say how much
of the dust present in the air may become a
source of disease and how much is innocu
ous. Many of the motes belong to the class
of micro-organisms which are frequently the
means of spreading infections diseases. Dust
when mixed with air is liable to explode,
especially in flour mills and coal mines.
Faat Railroad Time.
The best time ever recorded in the history
of railroading wat made in a late run over
the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fa system
between Bakersfield and Lathrop.a distance
of 220 miles, which was covered in 205
minutes. This is the greatest speed ever
made in a continuous run for such a distance
with one engine. The drivers of the engine,
which was of the Stevens type, were 5 feet
10 inche and the burned 3J tons of coal
during the run. The greatest speed at
tained wat one mile in 45 seconds, the fast
est on record by B seconds. The best time
made for a stretch waslO miles ia-8-minutes,
or a little more than 46.7 seconds
per mile. The train consisted of two officials'
coaches. 4
Lamloooi Keynote.
An escutcheon for a luminous keyhole
has been designei which will be especially
convenient on closets, chests, etc., in dark
places, and also to the jeunesse doree who
has lingered at bis club. The escutcheon
carrying the keyhole Is formed of glass,
and has a concave or recessed back, to which
is applied a coat of phosphorescent paint,
which is covered with a coat of cheaper or
ordinary paint The escutcheon may be
earned by an ornamental metal or other
plate, secured to a door or other surface in
the ordinary way, and it will protect the
phosphorescent paint from abrasion and
moisture.
Improvement In American Canned Meat.
Prof. Jansen, who is regarded as a high
authority, and who is consulted as a chemist
by the principal beef canning establish
menu in the United States, asserts that
American productions of this kind, by their
superiority are driving those of other coun
tries out of the market.
Car Balldlna Indastry.
There are 36 car building companies In
the United States, and In the year 1889 they
turned out 70,646 cars, and at the shops of
railway companies there were doubtless
enough cars built to swell tbe number added
to the freight equipment or the roads of this
country last year to 100,000 cars.
TOUCHING DP TUB HlfifiD GIEL.
Iatereatins Cenveraatlon Caarfrt Prom Ike
Telrpbone Wire.
Detroit Tree rress.j
The Fremont street station was called up
by a female voice the other day which in
quired: '
"Can my hired girl be taken out oi th
house by an officer for striking me?" 7
"No, ma'am."
"The officer must tee her ia tha act,"
mutn'tbe?"
"Yes'm."
'I thought so. lie would also hare to tea
me, wouldn't he?" .' .
"He would."
"Allrteht! You needn't "
And beiore -the line was cutoff a child V
fyoicewaa heard '.saving: "Now; ma, goia
i J l. 1. alLl s ... ma iISfwaSV .
uhu Afi3o ucr-urca in ona rounaj.: .
I
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