?" J SECOND PART.
"T 1
T,
Opening of the Central Line
Yields Many Pointers
ABOUT A CABLE RAILWAY.
History of the Innovation and How
it Has Become Popular.
ACOSTOFOVERS300ADATMADEOP
The opening of the Central Traction Com
pany's line in thii city is an event of inch
general interest, and there has been so much
speculation as to the possible dangers of such
steep hill traffic, that a general article, ex
plaining and illustrating both the ad
vantages and obstacles of such a line will
certainly be found both readable and season
able. There is a great deal, therefore, that
is entirely new, to 99 out ot every 100 read
ers, in the article that follows and no
doubt much that will be found instructive
to the few persons who think they know all
about cable or traction railways.
The cable system of street railways, like
all of the other great modern improvements,
has been some considerable time in reach
ing its present almost perfected state. It
has been the outgrowth of many different
CABLE-DRITOTG PLANT, LIKE
ideas of many different men. The first pat
ents were issued as long ago as 1856, and the
first road was put in operation in San Fran
cisco, CaL, in 1873. This road was but one
mile long, and the grades throughout its
entire length were exceedingly steep. It
was supposed that the cable could only
be applied economically in surmounting
steep grades, and it was consequently some
time before the first road was extended into
a territory where the streets were compara-
nvtorjMia
Tht Grip.
tively level. Then it was thought that no
cable road could be successlully operated
save in an equable climate similar to that of
California, and it required time to dissipate
the idea, so that it was not until 1880 that
this building of cable railways began to be
a recognized occupation. In that year the
lines of Chicago were put in operation, and
though lines in other cities had been pre
viously built, still the conditions surround
ing them were such that the system could
not be said to have had a thorough test in
every way.
GBEAT OBSTACLES TO OVERCOME.
Until the Kansas City cable road was
built the only cablet roads doing any large
amount of business outside of San Fran
cisco were these Chicago railways, and
while there were many obstacles to the con
struction of the latter roads, and great en
ergy was required to overcome them, there
was but little doubt of the ultimate financial
success, for the horse roads there replaced
by the cable lines were already doing an
enormous business. In Kansas City, how
ever, the case was very diuerent xne nrst
road constructed was through an entirely
new territory, and its financial success
was so problematical, that even after
work was begun the scheme was
several times on the brink of abandonment.
The remarkable business which com
menced immediately when the road was
opened and which continued to increase, at
tracted the attention of every street railway
man In the country, and capital was at once
ready to embark in the cable railway enter
prises of Kansas City. From a line of two
miles in length, put in operation in June,
1885 tbe cable systems of Kansas City have
increased their mileage until there are now
over 38 miles of double track in operation,
which is more than any other city has. Iess
than 11 of these completed miles are through
territory formerly served by horsecar lines,
and all tbe remaining miles constructed or
under construction are new enterprises in
the fullest sense of the word.
That such is the case must be due to the
fact that the introduction of the cable as a
motive power marks as great an advance in
the history of urban transportation as the
introduction of the steam locomotive in gen
eral transportation. Precisely as it pays to
construct expensive general traffic railways
through districts wBere the building of a
wagon road would be a mistake, so it be
comes profitable to construct cable railways
through districts of a city where the build
ing of a horse railway would bean error
that hardly anyone would be guilty of. The
cable railway by the superior accommodation
it furnishes builds up the territory through
which it passes, and reaps a subsequent
benefit which the horse railway would not
NSIDE VIEW OF I
it
qJi
IHMflP
HOW OBITS 'WOKE OH C17BVES.
The cable rests and runs through the con
duit on carrying pulleys set about 32 feet
apart. They are grooved wheels about one
foot in diameter. At curves these pulleys
are set with their axes vertical, and the
space between them is shortened to three or
four feet, so that the cable runs over them,
making a trifling angle at each one. The
face of these curve pullevs is set a short dis
tance back from the center of the track, and
the grip pulls the cable away train them as
it passes around the curves, just as it lifts it
from them as it passes over them on the
straight lines. At points where one cable
line crosses another, one road necessarily
uses the lower cable, and this cable is en
tirely released from the grip before the lat
ter reaches the crossing. The run of 50 or
CO feet over the crossing is made by the
momentum of the car, and the cable again
placed in the grip ready for action.
The adaptability of the cable system to lo
calities possessing rough topography, as in
the case of the Wylie avenue line, is evi
dent. It may be positively stated that no
grade, however steep, is an insurmountable
obstacle to cable railway operation. The
cable, with suitable construction, will lift
the car vertically. In Kansas City there
ocenrsthe steepest cable railway grade in
the world, being 18Ji feet in 100, or one foot
in every 5 4-10th feet. Grades ot one in ten
are numerous on all the roads. In building
the cable lines of Kansas City, engineers
seemed to have paid little, it any, attention
to the question of grades.
The economy of operating the cable system
in a hilly section is far superior to any otter
in use, far superior, in lact, to any other sys
tem proposed. In all systems of rail trans
portation at present used, the power exerted
by a car in descending a hill is absolutely
wasted, thrown away in the friction used at
the brakes, but in the cable system there is
no such loss. Place two cable cars on a
steep grade, one ascending, the other de-
THE ONE ON TVTLIE AVENUE.
scending, and it is as easy to move them as
though they were on the level.
TIME 13 MONET IN HILL CLIMBING.
The matter of time, too, is one of vital im
portance, and even admitting that the street
car saves no trouble for its patron, but
merely reduces the time occupied in travel
ing from point to point, the value of that
su vra 19 very tviucnu men rccKon meir
time in coin value, and they almost in
variably reckon time spent in a street car as
lost. In the cable system where the rnnning
speed of the rope is from seven to ten miles
per hour, and the average speed ot the car,
including stops, six to nine miles per hour,
tne pedestrian becomes a passenger, and the
conductor will make twice as many trips
each day, and collect twice as many fares as
under the old conditions.
The liability to accidents per mile of road
is about the same, whether the horse or the
cable is used to draw the cars. It is the
opinion of most street railway men that ac
cidents are in general due to individual
carelessness, and that the public constantly
presses on what might be called the limit of
fatal recklessness. Individuals continue- to
crave increasing risks, whether it is a risk
by horse car or cable, until one of their num
ber passes the limit, is removed bv the in
exorable process of natural selection, and
the remainder recoil, but, forgetting their
lesson, again approach the fatal point, and
only know when they reach it by the sacri
fice of another life.
The crossing of one cable line by another
presents a problem that at first seems intri
cate. By a glance at the cut it is seen that
one cable Is permanently depressed, so as to
run under the other one and clear of it
x
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f'Mli:,i;iili,i)l,7TlTpPTTTTf?n'rjiiii " l,!T' Wfetjo """" T pyrffiSs."'" '
eartnj iIW xJJS-SJgySStiSv vr3li-
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CEOSSINO OF CABLE LINES, LIKE THOSE AT FIFTH AND OBANT AND FIFTH AND
"WOOD.
On approaching the crossing the lower cable
is dropped from the grip, and the car glides
across by the momentum it possesses, passing
over the upper cable and picking up its own
at the proper point.
There is no separate system of drainage
for any of the cable railways recently built.
The water runs in the cable conduit, and is
permitted to escape at suitable points. For
this reason a cable road with considerable
gradients is preferable to a level one. The
conduit is freed from water rapidly, and is
also thoroughly cleansed at the same time.
JUST HOW THEV OPEBATE IT.
The general arrangement of the power
plant may be judged from the
accompanying cut which shows a set of
machinery for driving two cables run
ning in different directions from the same
house one of them rapid, for the suburbs;
the other slow, for down town. This method
places the power house near the center of
the route of the cable, and has been the plan
universally adopted in Kansas City since .
the construction or tne nrst roaa. j.ne
driving drums are cast-iron wheels 12 feet
in diameter and weighing 12,000 pounds to
16,000 pounds each, and they have on their
edges as many or more grooves cast, as it is
intended that the cable shall have turns
around them. The cablo passes around the
first drum and in the first groove, goes to
the second drum and passes around it in the
first groove, returns to the first drum and
passes around it in the second croove, thence
to the second drum in tbe second groove.and
continues this process until there is such a
sufficient number of wraps that the cable
will move when the drnms are turned.
It mnst be evident to all that there is a
xery large amount of stg in tbe cable be
tween the carrying pulleys in the conduit,
THE PTTTSBTTRG DISPATCH
and that when the cable is under consider
able tension, as in the case of a car being
pulled up a steep grade, that some of that
sag is taken out and must be disposed of in
some way. This is done in the engine house
by the tension sheave over which the cable
passes after leaving the driving drums, thus
keeping constant the strain on the cable as
it leaves the house, though on entering the
house the strain may vary within wide
limit; according to the power used.
The sheave-car acts almost as though it
were alive, moving with no apparent cause
and in the most erratic manner; now run
ning forward as some car strikes level
ground and the weight of the cable between
the sheaves asserts itself, now rushing back
as some car is started, or a moving one
reaches the foot of a grade, and the addi
tional strain on the cable straightens it out.
t : ato. nn!at wii1 tliA iMa runs. The
lower carriage on which the tension ma
chinery rests is only moved when in the
course of the cable's'life it stretches. It then
becomes necessary to take up this perma
nent elongation, and this is done by moving
the lower sheave-car back with a crowbar or
suitable machinery.
WHEEE "WASTE FOWEB COMES IN.
It must be plain to all who understand
what a cable line is, that a very large por
tion of the power required cannot be called
useful, ior it is expended in moving thy
cable llseu. it requires aoouv .w-uu.oo
power per mile of double-track cable line, to
maintain the unloaded cable at proper speed,
and if the number of cars were four to the
mile it is plain that they would require but
little more than that amount ot power to
move them on the level, and as before stated
all cable lines may be considered level so
far as expenditure of power is concerned.
"While the maximum life of -a cable is 15
months, it must be understood that this is
an exceptional case. Of course the life de
pends on the number of times that the cable
fi. :nnBi4 Yvninh afrnin ripnpndn an the
business the road does, and its lire also de
pends very greatly on the number of curves
in the line of the road. It may be very gen
erally stated, however, that in Kansas City
the cost of maintaining the cables themselves
has been 520 per day per mile of double
track.
The cable is received from the manufac
turer on a huge spool, and in many cases
has been so heavy as to require the construc
tion of special cars for its transportion. The
spool is swung on its center, the end of the
cable placed in a grip, and the grip car
drawn over the line bj as many draught
animals as the case requires, the spool turn
ing slowly as the cable pays out. On the
return of the end of the cable to the power
house, it is passed around the driving ma
chinery in proper position, and the two
ends spliced to complete the work.
The splicing is an operation requir
ing the best of skill. The splice is
about 80 feet long, and the work must be so
well finished that the splicer himself will
have difficulty in locating the point where
it was done. It must be fully as strong as
any other part of the rope, and it must be of
nKutigaln int. aqTtia BITD AS fill AtlfF TmTllOnS.
j-or-it will make trouble at-twme partially
v i ... .. ..w.i... w.-w.w r" J
.1...J ...-in and tfA Anile nf tlto errfinrlQ
utuu if , - .. v. ...- . -
must be perfectly smoothed off, for a loose
strand on a moving cable, with its liability
to become entangled in a grip, is an element
of danger that must be certainly avoided.
To accomplish this with the ends of a wire
rope is a far greater problem than to accom
plish it with hemp. The cable splicer must
be both artistic ana scientinc.
THE GRIP AND THE DAILY COST.
The grip is a powerful vice, operated by a
lever which through the medium of an ec
centric motion makes almost any pressure
on the cable possible. The grip is shown in
detail. Throw tlie lever toward the left, and
the plate on which the end of it rests, and
which in turn rests on the upper portion ot
the cable, will rise, while tbe plates sup
porting the cable will fall. The cable then
rests on the roller", where it runs without
abrasion. A motion to the extreme left will
raise the rollers and throw the cable from
the grip entirely, an operation which is
necessary at crossings and terminals. At
the point marked height of slot rail, the grip
plates arc only half an inch thick, and are
Ul course lu tuts tcu.cr u iuc tiaun wv.
the slot is. The cable, therefore, does not
run precisely under the slot, but about 11
inches to one side. The grip jaws are solidly
fastened to the sides of the plates, and in
OrtfSloi
IVietiZ
them are placed the dies, which pressdi
rectly on the cable. These dies are subject
to great wear, and all kinds of material
have been tried in manufacturing them,
from an extremely soft substance like wood
to the hardest steel. A composition die
composed principally of iron has been found
the best, all things considered, and the ser
vice it yields before requiring renewal is
about one month.
In estimating tbe daily operating expenses
of cable railways it must be remembered
that about half the cost will remain un
changed by any alteration in the amount of
business done, x while the other half will
vary as that business varies. The usual
method of estimating bv car-miles the cost
of operating street railways is an unsatis
factory way of comparing cable and horse
lines, tor the horse-cars are always smaller
and always carry fewer passengers. The
road of three miles in length (about like the
Central line), on which the loregoing fig
ures have been made would cost about $300
per day to operate. The average daily
travel of a cable car is 110 miles. This with
the 15 cars on the supposititious road of
three miles in length, makes a total travel
of 1650 car-miles each day. giving an ex
pense of 18.18 cents per car-mile. The prin
cipal items forming this amount are as fol
lows: Cents.
Tram service 8.00
IMovement expenses and repairs 4.6G
Deterioration ot cable 3.63
Secret service, damages, taxes, etc 134
Office expenses u.5
"18.18
MRS. PARTINGTON attends a fete at the
Oovcinor'x house Her experience tola In
TO-MOBSOW'S 20-FAOE DISPATCH.
Cablet at deceived JVoro Manufacturer.
PITTSBURG, SATURDAY,
THE PEICELESS GEM
Of the Dresden Gallery Presented to
St. Paul's Cathedral.
FACTS ABOUT THE HAD0N5A
Ana the Great Artist Who Paintea the
Picture for Mr. Carnegie.
A MABTEEPIECB OP CHBISTIAN AET
WMTTBW TOB TBI DISPATCH.!
Of recent foreign accessions to local art,
having a wide and special interest to con
noisseurs, collectors and students the ad
mirable copy of the Sistine Madonna, the
priceless gem of the Dresden galleryso
rich in the best works of Durer, Holbein,
Titian Correggio, Paul Veronese, Van Dyck
and EubenB which has just been so gener
ously presented by Mr. Carnegio to St.
Paul's Cathedral of this city, Is command
ing a creat deal of interest at the atelier of
Mr. Young in "Wood street, where the
picture has been on view for some days
past.
There having been some erroneous state
ments made and published regarding the
artist, "W. L. Sturm, who is at present
court painter to the royal household of
Saxony, and also some faulty comment
printed in relation to the figures, or charac
ters, of this world renowned painting, it may
perhaps be well at the present time to mate
corrections. It was the nrivilege of the
writer to enjoy a very pleasant personal ac
quaintance with Mr. Sturm and his prede
cessor, Karl Andrea, the art of both of
whom stands possibly as nign as anyin mc
entire German realm, and as originators
and copyists, possessing a definite
charm of detail and exquisite deli
cacy of execution, in all of their
truly conscientious work, it is questionable
if any artist has excelled them during the
present century in the beautiful Saxon cap
ital, which, as is well known, occupies a
foremost position in continental Europe as
an art center. The writer has some very in
teresting and pleasant memories ot Mr.
Sturm during a winter spent in Dresden
some years since, when the latter was then a
struggling and unimportant artist, although
at that time showing a force and fidelity in
all of his pictures, which have secured tor
him so much riohly deserved merit in late
years.
A VALUABLE GIFT.
It possibly may not be known that ths
Sistine Madonna of Eaphael is rarely ever
copied. Some ten years have elapsed since
the event took place before, so that Mr.
Andrew Carnegie's gift to the Cathedral of
our city is of very much more im
portance and value than might be
supposed. To secure the consent of
King Albert, the present ruler, and
then have such a matchless copy prepared
by the court painter himself.is enterprise.and
an expenditure of American dollars well
worthy of the philanthropist.
Kegarding the history of this greatest art
treasure of the Dresden gallery (and in some
respects it may be added the greatest in the
world) candor compels me to'conless my in
debtedness to Prof. Hubner for the follow
ing:
According to Vasari the Madonna San
Sisto was painted for the high altar of the
cloister of San Sisto, in Piacenza. In this
inglnrinnt np.tn wmalntii SoT 200.
years, almost as unknown to the world as if
It were entombed in Herculaneum or Pom
peii. In 1711-12 Augustus III. of Saxony,
while Crown Prince, was traveling in Italy;
and seeing this wonder of art, conceived the
resolution, if possible, to obtain possession
of it.
More than 40 years elapsed before he was
able to consummate his cherished scheme;
and it was in the year 1753, and through
the mediation of the distinguished painter
Gioranini, that the jewel of the Dresden
gallery was purchased for the sum of 40,000
Bonian scudi, which in American money
would be between 40,000 and .550,000. A
few slight injuries in the drapery and some
obscurations on the body of the child were
found; and these were repaired With re
ligious care upon the arrival of the picture
at Dresden.
In 1827, when it was cleaned again by
Palmaroli, the opportunity was improved
to restore the upper part of the curtain, and
a portion of the glory, which had been
injured in some unaccountable manner;
and now for the first time the picture as
sumed its original size, as it left the hand
of the artist
A EOYAL BECEPTION.
In 1753 Giovanni, the agent of the Saxon
King, brought the picture to Dresden.
Tradition says that Augustus superintended
its unpacking in person, and when the ser
vants who were carrying it into the throne
hall lingered to select the most advantage
ous light, the King impatiently pushed the
attendants aside, and exclaimed: "Boom for
the Great Raphael." "Truly," says Prof.
Hubner, "a right royal utterance, and a
testimony both o the intellectual greatness
and the princely authority which raised
Augustus nnd his time to such exalted rank
in history."
For years I dreamed about the Sistine
Madonna,and tried to imagine how it looked
in its own home. I was privileged at last
to pass several months in the city of its
abode on the banks of the Elbe, and proba
bly three or four times in each week I made
a pilgrimage to the vast gallery and the
chapel-like apartment where the great orig
inal is on view. The room is in the extreme
northwest of the stately building, and un
less one knows the route one might wander
about for some minutes without finding it
As nearly ns possible the story of its first
creation is preserved in its new home, and a
richlv ornamented altar piece .has been con
structed for it, and there only lack candles
and a gowned prelate to give you a complete
and esthetic little Boman sanctuary. A
perfectly transparent plate of glass incloses
the picture, and a special attendant watches
the lurnace flues as if some royal life hung
on a degree ot Fahrenheit.
There is a decorous stillness observed
through all the halls of the gallery; but
here in this little chnpel ot genius and faith
there is always a most impressive silence.
I think gossiping whispers are much ofteuer
heard in a church or at a funeral than they
are in the Kaphael room. Everybody who
enters becomes a devotee for the time being.
Mrs. Jameson, in her beautiful descrip
tion of this picture (which has indeed lcit
almost nothing to be said), describes some
things in it which the writer has failed to
discover. She is sure that Itaphael intended
the Virgin Mary as prophetically looking
far down the vista of the ages. There is cer
tainly something wonderful in those large
eyes; and yet I should be obliged to suborn
fancy to reinforce reason in order to cor
dially coincide with this gifted art critic.
TBtJE "WOMAN PICTUBED.
The angel faces thronging the air are just
material enough to be visible. If there is a
natural law by which spirit faces and forms
are delineated upon matter and become visi
ble, we should suppose thit it had become
operative in this case. The face of Mary is
a perfect incarnation of all womanly graces.
Here is the motherly sentiment completely
manifest, all tenderness and solicitude
beaming in her features, as she folds the
wonderful child to her bosom. Her face is
transcendently beautiful, and the eyes too
deep to be fathomed. She has a very serious
and calm expression. Her form floats not
only in attitude, but in the composition,
and she seems almost a goddess of the old
time fable.
i The child, however, is human. His hair
8 disheveled and the flesh stands out from
the canvas as if it were real matter. The
nnlv nnchildlike feature is the eves, which
arelarge and deep. Perhaps the painter
FEBRTJAHY 1, 1890.
wanted to put the prophetic look in them,
and really he seems to see somewhat
beyond the narrow horizon of a
child's soul. The Tittle cherubs at
the bottom of the picture are just as
cunning as it is possible for cherubs to be.
There little wings of red and brown and
green are evidently put on to tell that they
are angels, which no one would otherwise
conjecture. Of course, being angels, they
are exempt from the law of gravitation; but
one almost holds his breath lest they should
slip off the shelf upon which they are lean
ing. They do not look a whit more relig
ious than other babies. The larger one lean
ing his chin on his little fat hand seems per
fectly at ease. If it were not irreverent in
this connection I should say "He doesn't
care whether school keeps or not"
The little one has certainly an archook of
roguishness in his upturned eyes, and ap
psars to be standing Hip-toe (on some invis
ible support, and it is a hard task to get his
little fat arms over the shelf. Precisely
what function these sweet little creatures
fulfill in making up the unity of the pic
ture is not apparent. Pope Sixtus is all
adoration. His papal crown is laid down by
his side, in acknowledgment of a queen of
higher rank than all earthly potentates.
His withered face is upturned to the Virgin;
his left hand laid on his bosom, and
his right pointing to some object afar off, to
which he evidently wishes to call her at
tention. He is a wrinkled old man with
bald head and whito beard. Hishandsare
wonderfully drawn to the bas,and his yellow
robe is perfect Saint Barbara kneels oppo
site, a finely shaped head, very gracefully
poised, u comely face, wholly effeminate,
eyes downcast and hands folded across her
bosom. She is looking at the cherubs,
perhaps in reproof; for they have no idea
any worshiping is going on. Her dress is
black and green as the prominent colors,
with a mixture of blue and yellow on the
sleeves. The draping is finely done. The
top of the earth is just apparent, and the
Madonna's feet simply touch it, but it does
not seem at all necessary to ner support
The clouds have the appearance of real
vapor.
A TEIUMPH OF ABT.
The drapery of the Madonna excels that
of any other torm in the picture, and is a
marvelous triumph of art. A blue mantle
covers nearly her entire form, with a little
red apparent. The bust and arm are
clothed in light red, and a dark veil
floats gracefully from her nead. Beyond all
comparison Mary is the masterpiece
of the whole group in every
condition of excellence, and thus
the picture completely realize its design as
the most splendid symbol which the world
possesses of the most central and alluring
dogma of the Catholic faith.
There are a vast many Pittsburgers who,
perhaps, may never cros3 the seas to wit
ness the grand masterpiece of Christian art
by the great Baphael, in the Saxon gallery,
where millions have thronged as pilgrims
to a mecca for centuries past, but in Mr.
Carnegie's gift we have a copy of the work
so truthfully executed by a painter of the
highest renown that it will form an art
treasure of inestimable value to our city for
generations to come. And quoting from tbe
gentleman's own gracefully written paper
on "The Best Uses for Philanthropy," which
appeared in a recent issue of the North
American Review, we may note, with pro
priety, his own reference to Griffith's eulogy
of "Volsey somewhat modified "In be
Btowing he was most princely. "We witness
this grand gift of art" Here is a noble use
ot wealth. James Vebnee Long.
THE ASSIGNEE'S SALE.
Disposition of Some of Grnfl", Bennett &
Co.'a Propertr.
As--inUividiialjssigJwa-foi'-Joha-Graff
James I. Bennett and Bobert H. Marshall,
Judge John H. Bailey yesterday sold a lot
of interests in real estate and stocks at the
Chamber of Commerce. John D. Bailey
was the auctioneer. About 20 gentlemen
were present Bidding was not lively.
The Bale had been advertised for four pre
ceding weeks.
The first property was the interest of John
Graff in a lot in the Ninteenth ward, on the
north side of Broad street extension, contain
ing 2 acres. It was bought for $190 by G."W.
Williams, a lawyer. The one-twelfth inter
est of John Graff in two lots on the west side
of Ninth street, with a frontage of 40 feet
and a depth of GO feet, containing the old,
unused brick church, was bought by Attor
ney "Williams for $200.
John Graff's one-third interest in two
tracts of land in Jefferson county, O., one
containing 304J acres and the other being
the east half of the southeast quarter of sec
tion 18, township 8, range 2, in the Steuben
ville land district, was sold fo John W.
Herron, the real estate dealer, for $510.
John Graff's one-twenty-fourth interest in
a lot in San Francisco, clouded by a claim
by John Walker, of Allegheny, that he
claimed title through a sheriff's sale of De
cember 17, 1889, was sold to John Walker
himself for $320. James I. Bennett's one
third interest in the two tracts of land in
Jefferson county, Ohio, was sold to Mr. Her
ron for $510.
A lot of stocks were then sold, and
brought the follow inz prices: 6 shares En
terprise Savin es Bank of Allegheny, $1 a
share, title disputed; 25 shares Mechanics'
National Bank, $106 50 a share; 30 shares
Boatman's Insurance Company, $19 a share;
10 shares Humboldt Insurance Comnany,
$7 50 a share, title disputed; 5 shares Man
ufacturers and Merchants' Insurance Com
pany, $1 a share; 10 shares Pittsburg and
Lake-Eric Bailroad Company, $58 a share,
title disputed; 1 share Pittsburg, McKees
port and Youghiogheny Bailroad Company,
$50.
Bobert H. Marshall's interest in a iudg
ment obtained by him in Columbiana
county, Ohio, against the Grafton Iron Com
pany lor $7,375 and $12 4G costs, dated Oc
tober 31, 1887, from which time it bears G
per cent interest, transferred to Stark
countv, February 3, 1888, as a lien on the
property of the Gratton Iron Company in
that county, was sold to John Walker for
$1,550. Mr. Marshall's interest in a lot in
Elizabeth. Pa., 120x42. fct, at the corner
of Water street and Kendler alley, was
bought bv Attorney H. McFarland for $40.
Assienee's deeds will be made out, and given
to-day, "at the Chamber of Commerce.
NOT ENOUGH OAPACIT I.
Jones &Innfihllns to Slake Largo Additions
la Their WorU
Jones & Laughlins' have bought a plot of
land from the Southside Gas Company ex
tending from Fox alley down to the river,
between Twenty-sixth and Twenty-fifth
streets. There are about three acres in the
piece. Thu firm intend tearing down their
present stables and putting large stables on
the newly acquired land. On the present
site of the'stables they intend erecting a new
blooming mill. For some time past their
converting department has been crowding
their finishing department, and the new
mill is necessary to equalize things.
It is understood about $28,000 was the fig
ure paid for the now purchase of land. The
stable will accommodate abont 50 mules and
horses.
SEN10ES TO PARADE.
A McctlncTo-nlelit UcInlWo to Joining the
Juuloi ..'Parade.
At the last meeting of the General Parade
Committee in charge of the Mechanics'
Washington's Birthday Parade, W. T.
Powell was appointed by Chairman Nesbit
to issue a call to all the lodges of the Senior
order lor a meeting at Moorbead's Hall to
night to consult relative to the Seniors join
ing the Juniors in the Washington's birth
day parade. ...
When the meeting was held a short time
ago to consult on the advisability of com
bining the two orders, 37 councils of Seniors
were represented. If that many councils of
Seniors join the parade it will be a monster
one.
GEN. SHERMAN AT 70.
The Grizzled Old Hero in the Sunset
of a Brilliant Career.
A CELEBBATI05 AT HIS HOME.
Fighting Priends Who Will Gather at a
Quiet Birthday Dinner.
E0W HE SPENDS HIS DECLINING DAIS
rrnOM a special couhesposbext.
New Yobk, January 31. Any one who
passes through Seventy-first street, west of
Eighth avenue, can see at 10 o'clock in the
morning the tall, erect figure of an elderly
man seated at his library window. That he
has had a military training no one who tees
him can doubt Strange as it may seem,
many persons see him in the neighborhood
of his home, which is but a stone's throw
from the west wall of Central Park, and yet
do not recognize him. And yet he is the
most famous American soldier now alive.
It is no other than William Tecnmseh
Sherman, a great member of a very great
family, distinguished even before the time
of Boger Sherman, signer of theDeclaration
of Independence. General Sherman is now
the only one left of the great trio of Ameri
can soldiers who won the highest
honors in the greatest civil war that
the world has ever seen. General Grant
is dead. General Philip Henry Sheridan is
dead. General Bherman, who was born be
fore either of these men, is still alive and
vigorous. He will be 70 years of age on
February 8. A variety of suggestions have
been circulated as to the manner in which
the event should be celebrated. New York
ers have shown a willingness to celebrate in
the most elaborate manner the anniversary
! i Al J !J - inln.il lonnvn 1
ot the Dirin oi inn uuuusuuu """"
who is now one of her citizens. With re
gard to this fact many mistakes have been
made. It was at first contemplated to give
iC ....' nr. in .llA 1 I tltl T.a OPtl.
Club, preceded by a great banquet Presi
dent Harrison, his Cabinet and 500 distin
guished men and women were to be invited
to do him honor.
WIIiIj celebeate his biethday.
But these reports are all wrong. There
will be a celebration of the old hero's birth
day. It will not be a public one, however,
so far as the old soldier is concerned. He
will celebrate the day at his own camp fire,
and about him will be the members of his
own family and the commanders who were
with him in the many battles in which he
has figured from the time when he was in
Florida, in 1840-42 fighting the Seminoles,
down to date. Of course John Sherman,
his distinguished brother, Senator from
Ohio, and the junior of the General by but
a trifle more than three years, will be an im
portant figure at the quiet celebration which
will be held in General Sherman's house.
General Slocum, who commanded the right
wing of General Sherman's army in the
famous march from Atlanta to the sea, will
be another figure. Major General John M.
Schofield, now the chief General of the
American armies and who was one of the
most brilliant of Sherman's commanders,
will in all probability be present, and there
will be others of the men who fought under
the old veteran who will be there.
But some who were very near to him will
be missing. Grant, Hancock and Sheridan
are dead. General James McPherson, who
was General Sherman's close friend, did not
live to share in hischief s triumph. Gen
eral George H. Thomas is among those who
have gone to the land of shadows. General
Judson Kilpatrick, who was among General
Sherman's cavalry commanders, is at rest.
In fact the General has outlived most of his
cotemporaries.
"You may say for me," said General
Sherman to" the writer, "that I shall have
some of my old comrades at my house on
the evening of the anniversary of my birth
day, when I will be 70 years old. This is
no rupture of any arrangement with the
Union League Club. I made the arrange
ments lor my birthday celebration a long
time ago and they have not been changed."
A OOOD TAXKEB.
Whether or not there will be toasts offered
and replied to at the dinner that will be held
in General Sherman's house, that veteran
warrior will not Bay. If, however, it comes
down to a matter of an after-dinner speech,
General Sherman can be relied upon to hold
his own with the best of those who may be
present His wit is as keen as it was 40
years ago, and his memory is surprising to
one who does not know its comnass. J
In New York to-day General Sherman is
considered a raconteur and man about town
in tbe best sense of the terms. He ranks in
this respect withChauncey M. Depew, Gen
eral Horace Porter and other famous men.
There is, of course, a difference between the
Tf fn. instanrp. Governor David
iuum , ---- ,
Bennett Hill and Chauncey M. Depew
meet at some public dinner each is likely to
throw a few darts at tbe other, all in good
humor. Neither Dr. DepeW nor Governor
Hill would think of taking the same lib
erty with General Sherman. Of course
there is more than one reason for this. In
the first place tbe old General has fought
his battles, and while holding to the views
that he always held he is not given in his
public addresses to fight his battles over
again. In the .second place, while
General Sherman is, to some extent, irasci
ble at the first view, it is well known
that he is one of the most approachable men
in New York, and that he never refuses any
one of his old men who come to him for as
sistance if the man is at all deserving. He
is not mixed up in any business schemes.
He is one of the figures pointed ont when he
appears at tbe clubs or at one of the hotels.
In short, General Sherman is one of the
features of New York He objects to this,
for to him it seems that he is merely a
curiosity, just as the Bartholdi statue, the
obelisk in Central Park and other things
are. Of course no one looks at the matter
in the same light. And yet the manner in
which the old soldier is pursued justifies
him in bis desire to ucape Jroni most of the
Eersons who are constantly in pursuit of
ini for any or no reason.
CHANGED 'WITH TIME.
General Sherman does not look as he did
when he left West Point, something like
half a century ago, just at the time that the
United States had the Florida trouble on
hand. It could scarcely be expected that
he should. Yet he wears his 70 years well,
and while he is not so vigorous as he ap
peared a few years ago he is still a Bturdy
old man, who seems likely to celebrate a
good many birthdays. When one considers
that the veteran General was in active serv
ice for nearly half a century, during which
"
f A
time he did his share of the hardest sort of
fighting, it is indeed surprising that he con
tinues so hale and active. A huge amount
of work the old General has done in his
time. In 1840 sent to Florida to see his
first campaign. From this time on to 1847,
at various military stations at the South,
where knowledge of tbe country was gained
that proved of the greatest value in later
years. Then during the days of the Argon
auts, the voung soldier was on the Cali
fornia coast Still later he was stationed
at St Louis and New Orleans. Then we
find him in command of a brigade for the
first time in the first battle of Bnll Bun.
From that time down to the present his
career has been such' that every schoolboy
is familiar with it Tbe veteran has been a
soldier, a banker, a diplomatist, a trader,
and last, but by no means least, he has
been and is, an author. That he is an orator
of no mean order is pretty well demon
strated. General-Sherman is quite gray now. Both
his hair and beard are white. But he is
still a very hard-working man. He lives
very quietly with his family at his house on
Siventy-first street, west of Central Park.
He is as accessible as any man in New York,
but he has a most direct and positive way of
dealing with bores. It has been stated that
the General is irascible, and so he is to per
sons who annoy him. To persons who have
some real reason for calling upon him he is
always courteous. A ring at the door-bell
of the General's handsome brownstone resi
dence brings a pleasant-faced servant girl to
answer the call.
The old fighter is peculiar in one respect
The girl, who opens his door for visitors
never has to go and ask him if he is in. At
the first she tells one that "the General is
in" or he is not That settles it It he is
in he will see you. If you are a bore, as a
good many of his callers are, look out for
squalls, and under any circumstances it is
not well to be prolix. General Sherman
likes one to get to the point at once. If the
visitor is not able to do this he is likely to
be interrupted.
There is one sort of a caller that is always
received with warmth, and that is one of
General Sherman's old soldiers, or his
"boys," as he calls them. Just how much
assistance General Sherman gives to old and
unfortunate soldiers it would be hard to say.
No one but himself knows, and he won't
tell. But these are among the more numer
ous of the visitors at his house. Besides
them there are all sorts and conditions of
callersat the house.
A METHODICAL MAN.
General Sherman is methodical in his
habits and in his work. He is an earlyriser.
He eats an early and light breakfast, and
afterward is to be seen in his library at the
end of the hall on the parlor floor of his
house. He has a comparatively large li
brary, not entirely made up of military
books either. He has always had a keen
literary taste, and there are few men who are
better posted on the literary ana Historical
records of this and other lands. A large
amount of the space in his library is taken
up by the maps which were drawn by him
self and his generals during the Civil War.
He has the original copies of the maps, and
there is scarcely a day when he is not called
upon to settle by reference some dispute as
to a military maneuver made by himself or
some other general. These maps arehis
hobby, and very valuable they are, too,
viewed from any'standpoint.
The correspondence of General Sherman
is simply enormous. He has in the first
place tno'nsands of menmers of the Grand
Army who write to him with reference to all
sorts of matters. He has more invitations
to speak before Grand Army posts than any
other man in America. His receipts of beg
ging letters daily is simply enormous. There
are many letters asking him for literary con
tributions for everythingfromhebigje-
views down to some'church'TaT? 3onrna
Whenever the General does dip into the
scribbling business it is usually for the
North American Review.
To call a man of 70 a man about town may
seem flippant. And yet General Sherman
is a man abont town in the best sense of the
word. He is to be seen at the clubs and the
big dinners, such as that of the New En
gland Society, fo instance; he shares the
oratorical honors with such stars as Chaun
cey M. Depew and General Horace Porter.
At most of the big social events the tall
form and grizzled face of the famous soldier
is to be seen, and he is a favorite with all.
In short, the old General is passing
through the evening of his life in a calm
and quiet manner, liked by all. He is happy
in his home, is admired in public and as
one of the most unique of our historical
characters, as well as one of the last, he is a
figure that stands out prominently in the
crowded, bustling metropolis. This is why
so much interest is attached to his coming
birthday.
FK0U DELAMATER'S HOME.
A Strong Bepnbllcan Faction Working for
Anybodj to Defeat II I m.
B. B. Brown, editor of the Meadville
Messenger, is in the city, and is stopping at
the Seventh Avenue Hotel. He is a Demo
crat, and says there is an influential faction
among the leaders of the Bepublican party
to put up anybody in order to defeat Dela
mater. As Meadville is Mr. Delamater's
home, it would be a severe setback for some
other candidate to be nominated. He said
Wallace would get the Democratic dele
gates, and the chances were in favft of
Delamater for the Eepublicans.
The Democrats voted for Wallace last
time, and will do so again. Hastings, Mr.
Brown claims, is a very popular man in the
The opposition in the Bepublican
ranks is headed by ex-Congressman Sam
Dick, who is working tooth and toenail
against Delamater.
INDIANA FOR DELA1IATEE.
IndlcnatloD Pelt at the Treatment Given
General Hastings.
A party of Indiana merchants arrived in
the city yesterday to attend the meeting of
the Pittsburg Commandery F. A. A. M. at
Masonic Hall last evening. Among them
were Irvin McFarland, E. J. Mildren, J.
H. Eochester, H. J. Thompson, W. S.
Dougherty, H. M. Bell, Henry Hall and G.
T. Hamilton.
In conversation with some of the gentle
men, they stated that the people of Indiana
county were working for Delamater, and
the indications are that he will be thechoiceoC
the Connty Convention. Pattison.they said, is
the choice of the Democrats of that vicin
ity. Indiana county is next to Cambria,
and the delegates said there was a strong
feeling of indignation among some of the
people at the treatment of General Hastings.
TO BE PE0BATED SOON.
The Sehoenberser Executors la Harmony
New York's Inir.
A brief interview with Mr. John M.
Brownson, one of the executors of the
Schoenberger estate, revealed the fact that
the will will be filed at the Becorder'a office
within the next few days. When asked for
the cause of the delay until this time, Mr.
Brownson said:
"There is a peculiar law in existence in
New York State, which provides that a will
cannot be admitted to probate until alter
the lapse of 60 days. A report published in
a Pittsburg paper a few days since, to the
effect that some misunderstanding existed
among tho executors, is without foundation
in fact, and the statement caused us no little
annoyance at our recent meeting in Phila
delphia. For An Annual Cenini.
City Controller Morrow is preparing an
ordinance, which 6ome member will present
at an early meeting of Councils, providing
for the taking, by the police and health offi
cers, of an annual census of the city.
PAGES 9 TO 12.
DOING SPAIN AFOOT.
Wakeman's Experience Curing la
Grippe in Beggarly Finisterre.
GRATITUDE OP THE SPANIARDS.
Something Abont the Old Sovereignty of
Galicia and Its History.
WHEBB THET HEAP WITH THE SICKLE
rCOERESFOXCESCI OT TBI DISPATCH.!
Santiago, Spain, January 13. Copy
...-.. j - -r l : ..
ngntj xne comiona o . iuucx- u.,
which we carried to the empty storehouse
of the alcalde of beggarly Finisterre, served
to give that extraordinary functionary of
the Spanish Government a more benign
temper. Ho even consented to permit
Pierre Floquet and myself to put soma
necessary clothing upon his attenuated
form. He never forgot for one moment,
however, his official relations to me. Ha
was alcalde. I was the alcalde's prisoner.
Every glance from his eyes of authority
seemed an urgent order that I should re
double my vigilance as guard upon myselfc
The situation was both interesting and ludi
crous, but it soon became irksome, and to
ward night myself as Spanish sentinels in
charge of the American prisoner myself, be
gan giving the latter a few unofficial liber
ties. One was to permit myself to penetrata
my slight baggage and produce an old pass
port ot Mr. Bayard's making, worn to tha
nnt?(itniir nf cheese cloth, and sizned.
countersigned and vised by so many officials"
in so many different countries, that of lato
no creature of the effete monarchies had
been brave enough to decipher or gainsay
its authority. Bringing my prisoner to the
alcalde I boldly flaunted this before hint
ana demanded my own release. He gave it
one glance, then, pausing in the act of tak
ing snufi from Pierre Floquet's box, uttered
the simple, profound and significant word
"Bah!"
He made what he meant so clear to me for
a Spaniard, that I at once withdrew with my
sentinela, and began a line of diplomatic ac
tion. The poor souls of Finisterre were
really and truly ill and utterly helpless.
Several had died and lav in the rags of their
bunks without burial. The living ones had
no knowledge of their own ailment Word
,A tAAn aant in Santlflfrft ?f nHTTinnstela Of
their distress, but the physicians of that city
were busy with their own sick. The igno
rant beings had lost all heart, and had laid
down in their houses as pluckless and mur
rained sheep.
PITT THAT TOOK BOOT.
I truly pitied them, and began in an
humble way endeavoring to effect their re
lief. In a little time I had cheery fires in
most of the huts around which the shiver
ing wretches hovered pitifully. Then after
cleaning a huge cauldron kettle used by
the Pescadores in extracting the oil of
fish, I boiled such a mess of potatoes from
Pierre Floquet's store as they had never
before set eyes upon. This" with two
or three huge Breton loaves of bread, plenty
of salt and floods of black coffee, enabled
me to serve them all with food. HI as they
were the helpless wretches ate like half-famished
beasts; and I found easily enough that
T had won their cratitude and friendship.
rEven the old alcalde partook of the repast,
and being then, as with all men not afflicted
with the dyspepsia, much more approach
able and humane, I proceeded to bargain
with him for my release. I believed I knew
what troubled his people, and that I had
tbe means to give them relief. Therefore I
asked:
"Excellantissimo, if I shall be able to re
lieve the people of Finisterre of their suffer
ing, will you allow me to depart unhin
dered?" "Not onlv will I grant you release if yon
will relieve" them," replied the alcalde, "but
I will do that and guarantee your safe pas
sage to Santiago, if you will put but a half,
or a fourth part upon their miserable feet
Aye, more; if you will but cure myself
alone. I will serve you as mozo (man-servant)
to the Montanas de Leon!"
As this was farther than any soul of
Finisterre had ever ventured within his own
land, it measured his boundless well-wishing
and friendship, in cas of my success;
and I at once began the unlicensed practice
of medicine, which is more than a crime,
and all of witchcraft, in musty old Spain.
A3 GOOD A3 CTJKE-AIX3.
I took from my knapsack two papers of
smoking tobacco, and a huge piece of gum
camphor two excellent belongings when
wandering among the peasantry of Europe,
as the first proves a priceless warmer of
lowly hearts, while the second is a wonder
ful deterrent of disease and an equally mar
velous repellent of various and vagarous in
sects inimical to sweet and perfect sleep. I
then had recourse to my linen correspondence
paper. Shaving the camphor into delicate
flakes, I powdered it nicely, mixed it thor
oughly with the tobacco, and, with the aid
of a bit of stick glue, before I ended my
task had rolled nearly 100 long, fine cigar
ettes, having gained some dexterity in this
accomplishment among the Spanish senori
tos of Cuba. All this time what few could
gather about me looked on in superstitious
wonder, and plied me with all manner of
serious questions, to which I answered no
word. When I had finished I went to every
man, woman and child in all the hovels of
Finisterre, gave each a lighted cigarette,
and enforced its smoking with the injunc
tion, "If you do not smoke this, all of it,
yon will die like your brethren. Smoke it,
and you will bo seining the sardinhas to
morrow!"
The effect was marvelous. These poo
ignorant folk believed in me because I had
already fed them. The camphor did tne
rest For two hours such coughing.'snees
ine and retching never were elsewhere heard.
But my prescription, gained from Pasteur'
Enblished advice a few weeks before, anni
ilated la grippe in the "land's end" of
Spain; and on this night, the second of my
detention in this desolate village, there were
something like life and hope among the peo
ple. Good Pierre Floquet was wild with
delight and pride; the weazened alcalde was)
stupefied by what some of his people be
lieved to be a miracle; and if Finisterre
could have compassed that much, my march
through Spain would have resulted in end
less ovation.
KJIXIXO THB CAM".
But I did not stop at camphor. Pierre
Floquet had brought in his schooner from
Concarneau four Breton calves, for the littla
tierra srrendada or farm he hoped to pur
chase al Miera. I bought one of these.
Together we killed it, cut it up Into small
portions, and, having recourse again to the
old fish-oil cauldron, boiled the meat, cov
ered, and gave the broth, of the consistency
of honest beef tea, to every one in th ham
let Such a feast never had been known
among them. It seemed to operate like an
infusion of blood. The starved wretel.es
were truly intoxicated with the, to them,
elixir of one life-giving meal. They sang
and almost danced under its influence. Ah,
but how one's heart aches to realize in tha
firesence of just one such scene, the limitless
nsufficieney, the wretched want and tha
awful disparity with such as these, when tho
happier conditions of yon and I, and even
those who are merely spared tsold and hun-
ger, are considered in honest comparisonl
When the next morning had come I wag
a free man and almost a demigod in Finis
terre. Pierre decided to set out with ma on,
my way to Santiago, that he might engage
several jacas or stoat Spanish pack-ponied
to remove his goods toMelri, andtlwai
glad that our pilgrimage was to he for au
least a little distance together. As wad,
A.