&.-' ' ' ?. SrfT"l! k.'t -f -T . t-- :- v w n&aw&mvB ,v . t J i.1 "" - -jST' ii. 7Itt"Wa - PH v. v '- M SECOND PART. i ' 3 . -A ? s. --svy-..: '5 ', f.. ft. T TM DISF rppT :l PAGES 9 TO 16, r& V J5HP .- 3P i F HIIDEB OTHER SKiES.I How Christmas is Otsorred in Strange lands. XMA8 Itf LITTLE BUSSIA, JoTial Celebration of the Day in the Australian Bash, ; BPENDIJSG THE DAI ON SHIPBOARD, ARE! the herald angels sing, Glory to the new born King. Even the remot est of Bussian Til lages assumes a cheerful appear ance at the ap proach of Christmas. The huts and sheds are whitewashed and things about the "door," in general, indicate that the hard working peasant woman has her hands full for some time. . The celebration of this great holiday is observed by the Bussian peasantry in a manner that charms the eye and inspires Xtsuxian Peasant Singing Christmas JBjnru. the sonL The broad "Busaikaia native," (or Bussian nature), of which every true Bussian is proud, shows itself upon such occasions in all its-charming simplicity. I shall never forget my peasant friend Gordei and bis kind-hearted family, nor will the sweet traditional kntia (a dish prepared of barley gritz and boney) to which I was treated in his bouse on a Christmas Eve, ever escape my memory. Gordei is one ot those little Bussians who are proud to trace their ancestry to the Zaporag Cossacks; he is one of those few whom nature endows oc casionally with the power ot viewing things in their proper light, and who, because of this gift of nature, are generally better situated in life than thousands of other peasants. Although it was an exceptionally cold night, the little Tillage church was never theless crowded to its utmost capacity with men, women and children, with rosy cheeked, handsome looking dicokas (maid ens) and gallant paroboks (young men). All were attired in their newest clothes men wearing sheepskin hats and gray coats, while red-top boots and bright-fringed shawls, with plenty of namista, or beads, seemed to be the leading fashion with the women. The church, though crowded, pre sented a very impressive sight, and the old parson, though half blind and perfectly 'deaf, spoke with all the ardor of a youthful soul. As the sermon advanced, the inter est of the audience became greater and greater, and when the parson announced the presence of the new-born child, all bowed their heads and crossed themselves in a most ardent manner. It was nearly 10 when the sermon was over. All departed for their homes, where the traditional kntia and many other good things awaited them. A BUSSIAX FEAST. It was on that Christmas Eve that I .availed myself of Gordei's invitation. The first thing that attracted my attention upon crossing nis inresnoia was tne perfect clean liness and cheerful appearance of the room. pv A Christmas Dinner on Board Ship. The whitewashed walls were adorned with various-sired wheat crosses, while neatlittle "sheaves of barley and oats were tastefully arranged about the ikons and the image case; the floor was newly sanded, and the prominent red-bordered oyen the only or nament to be seen in a peasant's hut showed that the hostess spared no pains to make it appear at its best. The bulky trunk, which serves also as a table, was covered with spotless coarse linen cloth of domestlo mannlacture, A large ryeloarof bread and a wooden dish fall of salt, which is the Bussian symbol of hospitality were soon put upon the trunk-table. Turning to the ikons, the head of the lam ily, followed bv the rest of the members, offered a most fervent praver, supplicating the Almighty that his corn In the field yfeld him a good return, that Ills cattle, his pigs and bis fowls be disturbed by no calamity, that per fect harmony, contentment and peace reign injhU house, That the prayer was very af fective' was evidenced by the heavy tears that rolled down Mrs. Gordei's cheeks. , nrwrrur ron tjt sisiatcs.1 mm- f ) V i Fv Ki litfi';'' i Br? I vv 7 H' ssssz ft -rfcA .. wr 7 I' '""g jp!r T' j Prayer being over everybodv took his seat at the table. A bottle of vodka was pro cured and the customary "round treat," ac companied by many good wishes, was made by Gordei himself. Then followed the sup per. The boestch, the kutia and the pirogi that followed each other in rapid succession were equally attractive and delicious. In spite of my assurances that I was doing jus tice to the supper, I was continually urged by both Gordei and his wife "not to stand on ceremony," and to help myself. "There is plenty more in the pot." uttered Mrs. Gordei in a tone which was evidently calculated to disperse my fears as to the supply. I as sured her that I was well aware of the fact And heie I can scarcely refrain lrom adding that the kina-he&rted simplicity of the Bus sian peasantry is assuredly the most amus ing as well as attractive feat me ot their character. "Whoever has happened to be among them know what it is to refuse their klieb-dii,or hospitality. A greater Insult than this there is none. The night, though bitterly cold, was most magnificent. The bright moon centered in a cloudless sky, and surrounded by myriads ot stars, shed its soft light opon the vast white plain that extended far, far into the boundless distance. A grander picture than a bright Christmas night in a Bussian vil lage is indeed hard to imagine. It seemed to me us though nature itself joined in the celebration of the greatest of Christian holidays. THE CABOL SINOEES. While I was strolling about the little streets, accompanied by Gordei's son, my attention wa attracted by a crowd of para boks and dicokas, gathered in front of a little hut Upon approaching the crowd I beheld a young man of 20, evidently the leader of the circle, step, forward and in a neat little speech explain to the occupants of the hut the obiect of their call. "We wish to gladden your souls, good people," he said. "We wish to sing to you of the wonders of Christ, our Xiord, who dwells among you. "We wish to impr " Here the mere Christmas song began, and the words of the improvised orator could he heard no more. It was the koliedooka, or the Christmas carol. It is customary among the young peasantry of Little Bussiato go out on a Christmas'Eve on a koliedooka." This habit is strictly observed. As loon as church is over the yonng dicokas, as well as paraboks, assemble when parties of eight or ten arc made up. After each party selects a certain section of the village for their koliedooka they ail start out. The kolie dooka is sung in the following manner. Placing themselves in front of a gate or a window, or, as it often happens, entering a hut, they begin in a cheerful and ringing voice. Jesna is "With us, good people! His holy spirit rests with us Hallelujah! Forever be generous, good people, . Td the poor and crippled Hallelujah! Forever be generous, good people And don't forget us, who come to cheer your souls with this holy song ot Jesus, oar Lord. These last words, which are spoken and not snng, are intended for the khozaika, or hostess, who cheerfully presents the singers with whatever she can afford. Fresh-baked rye bread, a sausage, a few eggs or a piece of pork generally constitutes the refection. Any such fare is cheerfully accepted by the singing party, who, after depositing it in their Christmas bag, carried by one of them over the shoulder, and thanking the hostess for her generosity, start out for the next izba or hut, where the same ceremony is repeated. It draws toward midnight by the time they get through with their koliedooka. This cus tom of koliedooka on Christmas Eve, traces its origin to the close of the seventeenth and the beginning ot the eighteenth century, when the Kozachestoo, or tribe of Cossacks, all along the shores of the Dnieper and Don were in their prime. 13. S." Skidelskt. A CflBISTJBAS BCENB Df EOHE. In Honer of tfek'CMId Cbri.t. rwaiTTix rok itei dispatch.! A pretty custom Is observed every Christ mas Day in the Church of Ara Coeli in Borne. In one of the side chapels is con structed a little carpet-covered platform, some five feet above the ground. Bound about this is a considerable gathering of people, with numbers, or children; they are listening to a little girt perhaps 6 years old. who is reciting a long piece of poetry, cv?.. The Stately Minuet at an Olden Tule-Tldc Party. Wonderful to watch and hear this little creature! By no conceivable trainingcould an English child of this ago be taught so to deliver verses with such delightful self possession, snch clearness of delivery, such amusing precocity of gesture. The piece she is speaking is simply the pretty story of the events at Bethlehem; it is written in rhyming couplets, and in the measure of "Hiawatha," How dis tinctly at this moment I can hear the child's voice! Not in the least strained, yet perfectly audible to all the listeners; the sweet Italian words, made yet sweeter upon the baby lips, falling like the music of a summer streamlet Upon every face there was a smile, but a good, kind smiley- which one is the happier and better for seeing. And at the end of the piece of poetry came a prayer, still in the same verse, addressed to the Bambino Bantlssimo; the child knelt when the began it, and put her hands to gether, and fixed her eyes upon-tbe wooden image with its crown and its jewels. The prayer finished, she sprang np at once, made a curtesy to the audience, and by friendly bands was Jifted down from the platform. A murmur of approbation, of affectionate applause, went through the crowd. The women looked at each other and laughed quietly, and .seemed proud of the child's success. The reciters were nearly all girls, and seldom much more than 9 years old. For the most part, an astonishing self-confidence was exhibited. And the word must be un derstood in its best sense. The children simply behaved as though none but a few of those they knew and loved were present; they enjoyed speaking their pieces, and in some instances were very ready to give them a second time in which case, by-tbe-by, one observed bow careful had been their in struction, every tone and gesture being ex actly the same as in the first delivery. It appealed strongly to one's humanitv, this spectacle of children addressing a child; easy to see that the father and mothers present were moved by jaetthU aspect ot the observance. It is eertaln that these little Bow MJtlggM will epw up with a S-SSfesT fl rail Jrt memoir and an association in their hearts which can scarcely be fruitful of anything. but pure thoughts and gentle pieties. Geobgb GlSSING. IULETIDS ON THE INDIAN OCEAN. The Captain's Toast to the Memory of Onr Absent Friends. IWlllTTjm 70S TUB DI8PATCH.1 "The merry, merry time, the merry, merry time; How's the merry, merry Christmas time." Sang a deep voiced Quartermaster of the Peninsular and Oriental steamship Kanda har, In an undertone as he swung himself up the accommodation ladder to take his trick at the helm. One day is as another on board ship, and we had unconsciously been overtaken by Yuletide while in the middle of the Indian Ocean on our homeward trip from Calcutta. The stillness was broken only by the slight wash astern and the scarce-beard throb of the motive power deep in the framework of the ship. Not a ripple broke oyer theblue expanse of water that .reached away to merge with the sky, and overhead the sun-god poured down his heat rays with vindictive energy through the double awning that enshrounded the decks. It was one of the few occasions when Jack has two Sundays in the week. The Lascar crew had cleaned up overnight, and, in the morning watch, having holly -stoned the deck, were now relieved from all work for the day. They passed the time on the forecastle deck, some at their devotions and others, squatted in groups, were talking 35 to the dozen, and obtaining such enjoy ment from their surroundings as only their wild mannered race can. And now from the spacious musio room the sweet and solemn notes of the odesta fidelis swell upon the still air as the familiar hymn is sung by the choir to the organ accompaniment and taken up by the pas sengers assembled in the saloon below. A Pleasant Chrislmat Party. There the captain, a veteran of many rongh trips, stands by a table covered with the Union Jack and, prayerbook in hand, prepares to sol emnize the day with appropriate prayer, when the purser at his side has read the lessons. No one there but is carried in spirit to the side of his wife or sweetheart, sister or mother, as the soft notes of the old hymn rise and fall, recalling the occasion of happy family gatherings and drawing from the heart an earnest prayer for their happiness and Welfare. ' .Ihe.resiof the day i .spent in the doles far niente of -intermittent and reminiscent conversation on deck until the dinner gong summons the wayfarers to their Christmas feast At this the proverbial baron of beet and plnm pudding play their respective parts, and toward the close the "Old man," as the captain is fondly called, makes a brief address, in which be wishes his pas sengers on this occasion his guests the customary compliments. He asks bis guests to pledge iim in one toast, and in silence they respond to the sentiment of "Our absent friends." Kellt. CHRISTMAS IN THE ANTIPODES. How the Day Is Celebrated Under Anstrn. Ila's Mldmmruer San. rwiUTTEX FOB THE EISFATCH.1 Christmas at the antipodes. Christmas in the Australian bush, with the midsum mer sun shedding its rays with a 120 degree intensity out the axure of the typical. Australian sky, smiling o'er the wide fields of golden grain, and making appear as so many snow-hillocks the browsing flocks of newly-washed sheep this, the only sug gestion of snow to be found in all this wide territory. The bullock drav, with its load of supplies, is motionless by the road side, its outspanned team of hardy bullocks seek shelter from the growing heat in the mimosa and fern-tree shaded gully be yond: the busy bum of the reaper is silenced for the npee; the very wallaby and cocka toos Beem to know the day; even the iguana and spake keep out of the way, and an air of quietude, repose and peace prevails over all; for it is Christmas morn. And now the little timber-built church on the hill begins to fill. The settlers and their women folk the latter gaily attired as befitting the day congregate within its precinct, exchanging, as they enter, the old time salutation and a hearty grip of the hand. The squatter and trader, station hand and farmer, all assemblo to unite in pious thanksgiving for favors received, and join with the preacher in his fervent desire for "Peace and good will to all men." Service over, relaxation begins. A couple of elevens are chosen for the national game of cricket; the old folk gather around and exchange reminiscences of past feats of prowess with bat and .ball; the noorday sun has no terrors for the girls, as accompanied by their cavaliers, they scamper across the extensive paddocks on their fleet ponies in a friendly race, and a score of stockmen are quickly mounted and, followed by their lithe-limbed hounds, are off in pursuit of the leaping long-tails. And what a merry party it is that latec on assembles around the selectors hospitable board to discuss the freshly killed mutton and savory dough-boys, the barbecue and fritters, and create a diversion among the fruit and pies of all kinds, not forget ting ins -oiq jbngiisa pium puaamg,' which is at length brought in as a crown to the feast, encircled in flames of glory. Flagons of colonial ale from a keg in the corner have raised the spirits of the company, and when later an adjournment is made to the wood shed, invited thither by the lively strains of an extemporized band, consisting of a flute. violin and accordion, it is with a determi nation to dance it out until the "wee sma' hours o the morn." The placid moon looks down upon the merry groups out of her faultless shrine above, and Is silent witness of the fact that ft happy Christmas it has been, indeed F.Jay Kate. A SOAP BUBBLE OUTFIT. A Novelty That Ma'y Sell WcllIn Fntnre rolltical CatBpalzBf. New Tork Bun.l Somebody has invented a soap bubble out fit It is put up in a neat box, and includes a peculiar kind of pipe, made especially to blow bubbles, a special brand of soap, war ranted to beat the world for tenuity of film, and other appliances for varying the monot ony of plain, ordinary bubble blowing. It is particularly .advertised that bubbles blown with this outfit have in the sunlight a remarkable exhibition of rainbow tints.. It is anticipated that there mav be a large sale when the next 'political campaign gets s, cv. v- WSSmi Sf if,r.n5;' . PITTSBURG-, SUNDAY, ON CHINA'S FMTIEB. The French Foreign legion and Jts Methods of Pacification. BLOWIHQ UP A TONGKIHG TOWH. Punishing Chinese Members of Murdering Expeditions, THE PIRATES' HAUHT IN ALONG BAI crsox otm T2Jt.vxx.iao coibnssioiraB.3 UFO B E leaving Tong king I was lucky enough to hare an o p p ortunlty of getting as far astUbe ac tual frontier of. Tongklng and China, in the very midst of the pirates and Chinese free booters, where fighting is constantly on hand and bloody outrages not yet uncom mon. My friend, If. Bavier-Chauf-fonr, the Managing Director of the Tongking Coal Mining Company, jnost kindly offered me the use of his launch, the "Fanny," a powerful and luxurious little vessel of 50 tons; and finally accompanied me himself, with one of his lieutenants, Mr. Ivatts,a man of huge build and fierce beard, a much-traveled and charming companion, and an intrepid raconteur. The trip was one of the, greatest interest, and it is safe to say that no Englishman, except Mr.-James Hart, who helped to delimit the frontier,has been near the spot before. From Ha to a, where the coal miners are, we steamed dne north along the coast, enter ing at once the unique scenery of Along Bay. For hours here we threaded our way among rocks as thick as trees in an orchard enormous, lowering hills a thousand feet high, great holders hanging over sea-worn caves, tall, trembling steeples, tiny wooded rock islets, shimmering grottos, and an infinite number of grotesque water-carved forms the monk, the inkstand, the cap of liberty? All the afternoon there was one of these within gunshot on each side; on one of them we shot an' eagle, on another a big monkey. This is the pirates' haunt, and it is, indeed, a glorious thing to be a pirate king when you can run from your pursuer into Along Bay and disappear Instantly at any point By the evening of the second day we reached the mouth of the river separating Tonking and China. It 'is a long row up the river to the little frontier town of Mon kay. This is or rather was a very pecu liar place. It was built half on each side of the little stream that forms the actual fron tier. I believe the two halves had different names, the Tonking one only being called Monkay, but they were practically one town. (The reason for using the past tense will be plain presently.) The town had no ftoor quarter; its streets were mathematically aid out; its houses were all of brick and atone, with richly carved and ornamented lintels and eaves; their inhabitants were all rlcbV 'Tn soraewayvor -other, this was the outcome of the alliance of piracy and smug gling. ;CHB FOBEIGN" LEGION'S EXPLOITS. "When the French came they did not in terfere with the town on their side of the stream, bnt on the top ot a sugar-loaf hill three-quarters of a mile back they began to build a little fort, and under its gnns they laid ont a "citadel," inside which to locate the barracks, officers' Quarters, magazines. etc. Among the first to be sent there was a civilian official named Haitce. One day while out with a small party they were at tacked by a band of Chinese soldiers. They fled, some were shot, some escaped, Haitce only was captured. He was taken back to a house in the principal street of the model litte town" of Jlonkay, tied down upon a table, and skinned alive. Now, at this time the famous Colonel Dugennewas in command of the Foreign Legion in Tongking, Everybody knows what the Foreign Legion is almost the only force in the world where a sonnd man is enlisted instantly without a question being asked. No matter what your nation ality, what your color, what your past, yotf are welcome in the Foreign Legion, A man may even desert from the regular French army and re-enlist unquestioned, in Dbis heterogeneous force. In return forthis preliminary indulgence, however, you must Hut up with many inconveniences the worst climates, the hardest work, the front line of 'he attack, the toriorn hope, and the most iron discipline. Once out of civilized parts, and there is practically only one punish ment in the Foreign Legion the punish ment that can only be awarded once. To keep such a body of men in order, this is perhaps 'necessary, and the officers to enforce it must be hard men men with .bodies of steel and hearts of stone. And the hard est of them all was Colonel Dugenne. Some day I must tell the stories I heard of his methods ot pacification in Tongking. When the authorities heard of the outrage 1 have described, they understood that it was no use to wipe it out with lose-water. So they sentColonelDugenne and his children He came and looked at the place. "Burn it," said be. But it wouldn't burn, being all brick and stone. "Blow it up," said Colonel Dugenne. And they did they blew the whole town literally to bits. Compared with Monkay, Pompeii is in good preserva tion. Ton need an alpenstock to get through the streets. And the house where Haitce was tortured is now a hole in the ground 20 feet deep. ' BEADY JOB A PIOHT. You are not long in discovering that Monkay is not like other places. As we were rowng op, big red pheasant was sitting 1n a tree not 20 yards away. I picked up my rifle to try and shoot its head off, at we do with partridges in the Maine woods, "Don't fire here," said Ivatts, quickly; "the people at the fort would think there was trouble, and probably turn out alot of men." The Resident, M. Bnstant, walked down to meet us and take us to the Besidenoy. This proved to be an old temple, or pagode. as the French call all native buildings, divided into rooms by board partitions, and very meagrely provided -with modern furniture. Ontside a six-loot moat was dug, and lined with spikes of bamboo so thickly that a hen could hardly walk about in it On each side of the moat was a stockade bnilt of heavy bamboo eight teet high and sharpened to a spike at the top. At each corner a lookout was built of sods and bamboo, in which a sentry stood always with a loaded rifle. The front of the Besidenoy faced the river, where a little gunboat layat anchor. The back of it looked toward the frontier, and therefore, the back entrance, with the kitchen and of fices, -was farther protected with thick walls of sods, to guard against the bullets fired at it from long range. The Besident's guard consists of 120 native militia, under two European officers. Bnt at night as we sat at dinner in the cold, bare, cob-webbed, bat tenanted central hall of the former temple, the door was pushed noisily open and a night-guard oil3 men and a Sergeant of the Foreign, Legion tramped past our chairs to an aate-rooBa axd grounded their arms with a crash on the stone floor. At aidant we wjjwsgtd. Jjytk sa$. JPWr DEOBMBBB 22, 1889. tramp and crash as the guard was changed. And there is no "show-pidgin" about this. All these men and their ball cartridges may be needed at any minute. Next morning we went to pay our respects to the commanding officer, and look round. First we climbed up to the fortin on the top of the sugar-loaf hill, where there are half a dozen light guns and a small force oi French artillerymen, and into which no native is ever permitted to set foot The frontier river winds along like a silver thread three qnarters of a mile of; the citadel is just be low, and the halt-dozen houses of the foreign Population; and through a glass you can see the Chinese gnns and soldiers in their own ,fort, on a similar hill, a couple of miles off, or less. All these guns, of course, are trained straight at one another. And over the bills you can see the telegraph wire con necting the furthest extremities of the Chi nese Empire, stretching down into the town a' solid and prosperous-looking little place, like Monkay on this side before Colonel Dugenne blew it up. The French have no telegraph, but a line of heliograph to within a lew miles of Haiphong, only al lowed to be used (or official messages. In deed, there is nobody else to use it, although the Besident was kind enough to allow me to receive a private message from Hong n-ong by its aid,. PLEASANT NE1OHB0E3. Then we .walked, always with an es cort, through the ruins of the town down to tbe river. As we entered the street the quick eye of the commandant caught sight of new marks on a blank brick wall. Climbing into the inside we discovered that somebody from across the frontier had come, probably during tbe preceding night, and actually loop-holed the wall for rifles, so that they could steal across the next moon light night and pick off the sentries at the fort I From the arrangements made then and there, I iancy those gentry would get a reception to surprise them. The river which constitutes the actual frontier is only about 10 yards wide, and can be forded at low tide. On tbe French side the bank is high, while the Chinese town is built almost down to the water's edge. As soon as we were seen on the opposite bank the Chinese soldiery came down to the river in crowds, in their bright vellow and red jackets, to stare at us, and when I set up my camera they evidently became rather nervous, thinking it a new engine of war. Indeed, the Commandant said: "Don't stay any longer than is necessary; it's just possi ble they might take a pot-shot at us." Across this river, ot coarse, not a soul vent ures; If a Frenchman should try, his head wouid.be off his shoulders, or worse, in five minntes. With a good deal of difficulty I bribed a Chinaman to take a telegram across, addressed to Sir Bobert Hart, in Pekio, but they refused to dispatch it, and sent itback. In fact, the relations between the Ifynch and Chinese are just about as "strained" as they can possibly be. The commandment pointed out to me a small cleared and leveled spot on the top of a hillock, and told me its gruesome story. Two months before my visit a blockhouse had stood there, garrisoned by a sergeant and six French soldiers and eight native regulars. One night the people at the fort suddenly heard rapid firing, and shortly, aiterward the blockhouse burst into flames. The night was. pitch dark, and it was no good for them to move out to tho rescue, as they did not know that there were not a thonsand Chinese, and. as the blockhouse was burning, their comrades had feither es caped or been killed. At daylight they marched down and fonnd the eight natives and five Europeans dead, the sergeant nearness and horribly mntilated, and one European missing evidently carried off into China, as he was never heard of again. A dkOBT SHBXET FOB JOBS'. No wonder that a Chinaman who falls into French bands here gets a Yery short shrilt generally about as long as it takes to pull a trigger. In fact, I believe any China jnaa&tfMoakay at night is shot on sight The. Chinese who come across on these mur dering expeditions are--not pirates at all, or "black, flags," oh dacoits, or anything, of that kind; they are Chinese regulars, who leave their yellow jackets behind and re sume them on their return. And, of course, if the practice were not encouraged, or at least winked at, by the Chinese officials, it could not go on. The native troops are not very smart sol diers, bnt they take kindly to the loose French discipline, end on several occasions they have fought very well indeed. Their dress consists of dark bine cotton knicker bockers and jacket, a little pointed bamboo hat, and a sash. They wear no shoes; and the only difference between the militia or civil guards and the regulars is that the sash and hat ot the former are blue and of the tlatter red. At Monkay the' total strength is about 760 men 350 Eu ropeans and 400 natives not nearly enough, the Commandant complained bitterly. Once as I stood with him in the fort he showed .me a valley miles off, and said: "There are 500 pirates over there. The day after to-morrow I am going out to say 'Bonjour to them." And two days after I got back to Hong Kong, I read in the news paper that he had 'made bis expedition, the Chinese had attacked his camp- during the night, and that he had been the first man shot. "Don't forget to send me some of your photographs," he had said to me at the same time; "they will be very dramatic." Henbt Nobsias-. HIS JOB BO BWEOUEE. A Groom Tell of tho llardhlp Ho Suffered In a Baroness Service. London Globe. An extraordinary case has just come be fore the court in Vienna, when a groom, in the service of Baroness Stahlberg, brought an action against his mistress for damages as compensation for injuries received in her stabies, which he described as a "paradise for horses and abell formen." The Baroness, the man stated, entered the stables at noon and stayed there till early the next morn ing. During the time she was there she fed the animals with sugar and cakes, and encouraged them to kick and bite tbe grooms, whom she kept in constant attend ance upon them, often keeping them up all night to wash and feed the horses. "When I was badly bitten by the horse Mamsi," the plaintiff stated, in giving his evidence, "the Baroness laughed heartilj, and told me to kneel down and bind np her hoofs. This I declined to do, saying I would sooner attend on a dozen foxes than Mamsi, and the Baroness said that she would dismiss me from her service for insulting her norse. Tbe case was adjourned, as sever: grooms and stablemen of the Baroi appeared at tne conn to lay compj injuries, ay bites and kicks, recei stables of the Baroness Btnbiberg. EUSfllKG THE SEASON. Poets nnd Drummer Selling; Spriest Goods In Winter. ' Et. Louis Globe-Democrat. I have heard that the writers of poetry for the magazines work out of season, as it were. It is during the sweltering days of midsummer that, with his eyes in fine frenzy rolling, the poets write of jingling sleigh bells, driving snow, whistling winds' and merry Kriss Kringle. and it is in the warmth of bis study, before a blazing-fire, that be sings his lav of violets, gentle zephyrs and blushing roses. The publish- era must have their spring and winter poetry;. in stocjc, i know that this is tne case in thy hat business. It is now that the drummer from the man ufacturer comes in to show the spring styles, and assnre us that there will be a revival of pearl derbys with a tendency toward smaller proportions next April .and May. It will be in tbe latter part ot January that tbe drummer in his fur coat will come in, kick the snow from his feet, and open up his sample of nobby straw hats. This same previoBtntes exist is the boat asd isrrmer 3s also rntstor red in the shMclotkJof. ftsd doofeJradM, THE ABT OF ETCM& IsT Explained te aa Inquisitive Jfaa by Well-Knows Paiiter. TALUE OF AH ARTIsrs REMARQUE. Sins of Omission and Commission mltted by Copyist. Cam- THE PBQOESSTEBI FULLI' DESCRIBED ivy junta von tux uxsr-iTCK. Y tbe way," observed the inquisitive man, as he lounged i n the embraces of a-rocking chair; "by the way, Mr. Eeattie, bow do you make etchings?" Mr. J. W. Beattie ceas ed varnishing bis latest ' landscape, and looked suspiciously at the questioner. "Is that a bona fide, query," he said, "or are you merely getting off one of your piquant newspaper jokes on me? Don't you really know how etchings are made?" An expression of injured innocence dis tributed itself over the features of the in quiring one. "Nothing about McGinty was intended, I assure you," he exclaimed "I am honestly ignorant on tbe subject of etchings." - The artist laid aside bis varnishing para phernalia, and good-humoredly promised to enlighten his visitor. In a few minutes all the articles required for the forthcoming object lesson were laid upon the studio table. jMr. Beattie first, produced the proof of an etching from his well-known picture "Beturning to Labor." It was an "artist's remarque etching;" in other words, the painter bad reproduced his own picture, affixing his signature and a "remarque," or little device appropriate to the subject In the case of the etching from "Beturning to Labor," the remarque used by Mr. Beattie was a plow. "The artist's own etchings," said Mr. Beattie, "are considered far more valuable Wfc io ...' . An Etching fn Thrte Stages First Stage. than those of other men. You see, an artist can always reproduce the spirit of his own painting. There are two kinds of copyists the mere -mechanical workman, who can not, or who does not attempt to, enter into the life and '.feeling of the picture, and the really appreciative workman-, who nearly always overdoes the qualities which he ad mires. One class sin by omission the other by commissions. That is why the artist's remarque plates are so highly thought of." , A CHAHCE TOR OBIGnTAMTT. "Etching, then, leaves room- for original wtok?" asked the inquirer. "Yes," Mr. Beattie answered; "that is why etching is so far superior, as an art, to enTrarincr. Yon will see that more clearly later on." . A copper etching plate was then prodOA from its protecting envelope. These plt.s are manufactured by a New York house, and are on every size, xne large ones are very dear, costing from 20 to $25 per plate. This is owing to the extraordinary amount of care which is .bestowed upou their preparation. Tbe plate must be as perfectly smooth and as perfectly level as it is possible for matter to be To attain this degree of excellence every por tion of the surface is tested. The instant the least roughness or unevenness is discov ered means are taken to remedy the defect. The plate is punched upon the reverse side, opposite to the laulty spot, and this side is generally found punctured all over with Second Stage. small holes caused by tbe various nnnoh- ings. When the- plate is at last finished the obverse side is covered with wax to pre , serve it lrom injury, and tbe object of so 'much labor is mailed to the etcher. "When I get the plate," said-Mr. Beattie, 1 warm it thoroughly and clean off the wax with whiting, so that not aingle parti cle adheres to tha surface. 1 then heat some more wsx and, wrapping it in silk, rub it all over the plate. Next, taking a dab-ber- -" "Is this a dabber that I see before me?" asked tbe inquisitive man, pointing in a aelodramatio manner to an objeet resem bling a lady's powder puffin shapes and apparently constructed of blaok silk. "Yes, that's a dabber," aaid the artist, "and it is used to dab the wax on the plate, thus spreading it evenly in all directions and removing the surplus layers. When this is accomplished I can begin ray etching as soon as I please." Mr. Seattle then took four or five .etching needle from drawer. They were of steel, about four inches long, and ia taiokness similar te those daiaty padl which hang froBtthe dance frcfranaM of ballrooiq J sylphs. The polnta of the needles are of various degree of sharpness to su(t tbe variety oi lines to be etched. IX BfiEM3 EASY. A fev lines were then worked1 in'upon the waxru plate by the artist, and the inquisi tive man was permitted to try his hand at the business. A stroke or two was suffi cient to convince him of the great advantage of etching over all kinds of engraving. The ease with which the needle skimmed over the surface, was as superior to the laborious plowing of the graver, as skates upon a stretch oi ice are to their roller brethren on a sidewalk. In fact, as far as ease in execution is concerned, Mr. Beattie declares that the needle, as a sketching me dium, Jeaves even tbe pencil far behind. "We are able to get in thefree, flowing lines of the original," continued the artist, "with a delicacy which the engraver cannot even approach. Of coarse etching is a much more difficult art than engrav ing. Only a very practiced hand can etch decently. If you' were to attempt The Etching Completed. to reproduce in lines any part of that paint ing on the easel, you wonld speedily lose command of yonr needle. Before you knew where you were the needle wonld career across the plate and utterly ruin the etch ing. In fact any slips, or rather mistake, can never be completely remedied; Of course the runaway lines can be covered over with wax, but this will make the proofs horribly clumsy. Bo much for the etching process; now I shall tell you about the 'biting' process." From a picturesque pile of odds and ends, only to be found in the stndio, a Kind of tray or dish of tin was selected. The inside of the tray was smeared with pitch an idea oi Mr. Beattie's the nsual "biting" dish beihg of porcelain. "When I have got my etching worked in," Mr. Beattie went on, "I fill this tray with nitrio acid, diluted with water. Into this bath I dip the plate. The acid gets into the lines, where the needles have removed the wax, and bites the metal. It will bite clean through if permitted, and as some lines in the picture want to be deep and some light the amount of biting has to be carefully regulated. BITIHG IS TBS PICTOEE. "This is how' it is managed. ' The whole date is dinned in. and allowed to remain immersed for a few minutes, That will. give the acid time to, bite in all tb anient lines,- such as those representing the sky. The'plate'is then taken out, and these light lines carefully "stopped out" with stopping varnish, which process protects them from tne acid, m goes tbe plate again lor an other few minutes, and this time the un stopped liner are bitten a little deeper. When the etching comes out after its second dip the set of lines next in order of lightness are stopped off; and the process is repeated again and again, till every line has been bitten to the reqnired depth. It generally takes about 12 dips to finish tbe job. There is another method of 'bit ing in' the lines, which-Is tbe inverse of the one I have explained. This is to draw the heavy lines only at first, and calculat ing how "much time they will take to get them burned in and 'stopped ont,' with varnish before the next heavy lines are drawn. This latter method has one great advantage. After the last biting you can cross over the heavy lines by light lines, a thing impassible by the other plan. A feather is used during the biting process, to brush awav the bubbles of acid. These bub bles often blur the plate if not kept in order. "When the biting is completed, the etch er s work goes to the printer, and the test proof of the etching is produced. If the proof be faulty, the etching has to be re bitten, and this is a very Irksome task. When a satisfactory proof is produced, the artist signs the plate and affixes the 're marque.' There you have- the whole truth about etchings." With a sigh of relief Mr. Beattie fell back in his chair and proceeded to light a cigar. The inquisitive man expressed himself highly satisfied with the information, so lucidly conveyed, and in a few moments the .studio was enveloped in tobacco smotce, and enshrouded in silence. Bbexax. DEADLY TOBACCO FDHB3. Meat That I Exposed to tbe Smoke Fonnd t be a Bank Poison. Cases of poisoning dne to meat which f seemed thoroughly wholesome have some times occurred and have remained unex plained. In tbe Sevue d'Hygient of this month M. Bonnier, Inspector of Meat for the town ot .raris, manes a sug-4 ments with meat impregnated with to bacco smoke. Some tbin slices of beef were exposed for a considerable time to the lumes of tobacco, and afterwards offered to a-dog which had been deprived of food for 42 hours. The dog, after smelling the meat, refused to eat it. Some of 'the meat was then cut into small pieces and concealed ' within bread. This the dog ate witbavidity, but in 20 minutes commenced to display the most distressing symptoms, and soon died in great agony. All sorts of meat, both rawand cooked, tone grilled, roasted, and boiled, were exposed in tobacco smoke and then given to animals, and in all cases produced symptoms of acute poisoning. Even the process of boiling could not extract from tbe meat the nicotine poison. Grease and similar substances have facilities of absorption in proportion with their fineness and fluidity. Fresh killed meat is more readily impregnated, and stands in order of susceptibility as follows pork, veal, rabbit, poultiy, beet, mutton, horse. DANGERS FEOM CHL0E0F0BX, Conolasloo Based on Ibe Result of Nomsr- ona Intareitlog- Experiments. Glasgow Stall. The following telegram from Mr. Lander Brunton, at Hyderabad, was received yes dav bv the Lancet: '"Four hundred and ninety dogs, horses, monkeys, goats, eats n vaMtfta TKAfl 190 with mtnnn,pf all records photographed: numerous observa tions on every individual animal; results most instructive; danger from chloroform is asphyxia or overdose; none whatever heart direct." These results, 'ays the Lanctt, apparently indicate snob a complete reversal oi the view held by Dr. Brunton at tha time he left En glaBd.thaJ one of the dangers resulting from chloroform is death by stoppage of tbi hWt, that detail rfthe expr1aaTaUwillbe f awaited with the greatest interest. OUB CHRISTMAS MENU Contributed by the leading ladies of ' tbe Administration. THE PRESIDEHI'S XHAS ))I55IRs f 1 Its, Han-lion's Autograph Eeeips EaHsaga Bolls. I DAIHTIBS FOE icoaazsroxszscx or nu dispatcs. . ASHI-JOT03T,'''? DeoemberSO. : Tha lM(Hnvl5u: dies of Wasblnir.1' J4 ton have been called upon to furnish a special dinner for yonr readers, Tb ey have responded, nobly, and from fm President to tba J ijjj leading society cooks or tne con gressional circles, have with their own- bauds writ ten out recipes tor Christmas dishes which, their own kitchens have proved good. Tbe dishes they recommend are not expensive and the dainties here described are all within the limit of a family having an in come of $1,200 a year or less. Tbe Christmas dinner of the President and his Cabinet will be like yours. They will have their turkey and their plum pud ding, and at tbe White House the menu which has been written out for you by the President's cook will be as follows: MEHTJ. Bine Point oysters, half-shell. Soup. Consomme royal. Entree. Boncbes a la Reins. Boast. Turkey, cranberry jelly. - Potatoes duchesse. Stewed celery. Terrapin a la Maryland. Lettuce salad, plain dressing. ' ' '' Sweets. Mince pie. American plum pudding. Dessert. - - - Ice cream. Tutti f rnttL . ' ' Lady fingers. Maccaroons. Carlsbad waxersv Fruits. Apples. Florida oranges. Bananas. Grapes. Pears. Black coffee. The Cabinet officials will eat nearly tha same, only Secretary Busk will have to omit the mince pie, for that robust, genial gentleman bas the dyspepsia. Vice President and Mrs. Morton tell met that their Christmas dinner will not include) much more than tnrkey and plum pudding. "It is children's day with us," said Mrs; Morton, "and we have a simple menu. We have few relatives to invite, and we give the day and the dinner to our five daughters." MBS. HARBISON'S SAUSAGE BOLLS. I begin my recipes with one from tha White House. Mrs. President Harrison, has kindly written out directions lor ' making delicious sausage rolls. Mrs. Har rison's recipe is on a sheet of White House paper of tbe size of an ordinary business envelope. It is written in her own' hand and it la as follows: ' fc?" .KfCWTtvC '".- -',n'.iioi, f' ". v- j& Jir. -,( ,c, f& JuC CI fr-- qf-'-O fo-r- ec Aej . 4. .. -ve-i 0 , - fci-X(uusJl UBS. XOBLX'S CHICXEX SATJCS. Mrs. Secretary Noble has a brown book with crinkly yellow leaves. She guards'-it 'I carefully, for'it retains the recipes garnered f in zo years. She has copied them all her self and here is her favorite and the" Secret '' tarv's. -- . It bas driven epicures to whom she ha '. served it to rise and exclaim, ''With sues sauce one might eat one's grandfather!" "Sauce for nheasants. roast nnail era W, i "V nnttfl A- MVn iVit. 1atA .nil f.MA -3 are the directions: We whisper in confidence do housewives that water does as well aa broth, although she said Secretary Noble 'i ciaimea ne couia tell tne difference. Heaping table-poonfal butter; tablespoonfcl 'j uuieu uour; tod weii togeiner.- une-naii pus broth, 2 teaspoonf nls mushroom, 3 teaspoonfnls catsup, S tablespoonfnls cream, 2 tablespoonf ate. lemon juice. Put In to coil, stirring welt, , xnen ana yoisa or two eggs Jieateu light, con-!' sunuy stirring ana never allowing to dou or it; will cardie. When thickened by the eggs, larrat or place in hot water until wanted. LlZUSSTH NOULS.O Mrs. Justice Miller is one of the most famous cooks of Washington. One of hex favorite dishes she makes with her own hands and no French or native cook bay ever been allowed to touch tha Chriitmu I mince pie, fruit cake or fig pudding in theM Miner nousenoia, .tier mwce.pies are known everywhere, and lucky Is the larder that will have one the night before Christ." mas. She learned how to make them ia St. Xoais years ago, and she especially demands ot all who loilow her that thev use raw in stead of cooked meat. Just there the Miller' mince pie differs from what tbe world ha known under the name. The best f hei recipe, Mrs. Miller says, she cannot give to' the public. That is the art of tasting. She can tell to a currant whether it is right, aad' sne acknowledges that at tne jasc sue oitest adds a grain more cinnamon or leas juice. Her recipe is as follows: Two pounds raw beef chopped fine. Two pounds sntt chopped fine. Four pounds good tart apples. Two pounds of currents. Two pounds raisins. Two pounds citron. ' Two Pounds brown inrar. One quart good New Orleans molasses. Four ounces of salt. One and one-halt ounce .mixed sole, 3s,wwWS One-halt ounce white pepper forr -1 It w , -f, '.i & . .- - . . - - fttf -j. , '.&ig"p . i it' ; siSfe ir'-'it &E
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers