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WBiFromtheGoVernment Scientific
Expedition Which Will
ITCH OLD SOL flIDB HIS FACE.
:..
IraTeluig Thousands of Miles tolnrestlgate
an Eclipse.
MAIBLE TO THE WEST COAST OF JLFBICA
, icozxxtroxsxscx or tbx dispatch.
titOi Boaxd XT. S. S. Pensacola, Octo-
ber 28. The United States Scientific Expe
fdition sailed from tbe Navy Yard at Brook
S&Jn early on the morning of October 16 on
fithe United States man-of-war Pensacola for
SWest Africa. The primary object of the
expedition is to observe the total eclipse of
Sthe sun, which 'will occur on December 22,
bnt sereral departments of science beside
rastronomy are represented, and will be in
icharge of specialists. It would be well to
Reive a brief account of the origin of the ex
Epedition. Iast December Congress made
fan aonronriatian of S5.000 to car the ex-
jpenitsof an observation. of the total solar
F eclipse of last January, but because of some
elay in the passage of the b ill the money
i not available until within ten days be
fore the eclipse occurred, and so could
j,ot be used. As a result of the
suggestions of Prof. David P. Todd, or
aherst College, the $5,000 was re-appro-
Seriated last March for the payment of the
; expenses of a scientific expedition to observe
the next solar eclipse. Prof. Todd who Has
already conducted astronomical parties to
iXexas, California and Japan, was ap
pointed by the Secretary of the Navy to
conduct this expedition. With the valua-
Hble assistance of Admiral "Walter, Commo-
Idore Dewey and other persons interested in
fr
THE BOUXX OP
. JFigniti 1 represents 2few York, 2 the Azore
(Station, 5 St Paul de loando and the Quanza
Kftscension Island.
Scientific work. Prof. Todd was enabled to
Jorganue tbe expedition which consists of 13
men with four assistants. The following
Kbranches of science are represented, astrono-
Lxay, anthropology, biology Including zoolo
jrv; entomology and botany, geology, metor
lioiorv and chvsics.
V Prof. Todd has charge of the astronomical
" -work, and he is assisted by Profs. Loomis
and Biglow, of Washington, Mr. Jacoby,
of Columbia College, and Mr. Davis, of
' Princeton. All of these gentlemen will be
, engaged in making observations of the
-; eclipse. As has already been stated, tbe
Meclipse will be total, by which is meant that
the moon will pass between the earth and
Baun in such a way as to totally obscure the
Hatter body. Partial eclipses also occur,
and the sun is then only partially obscured.
KA.bout70 total solareclipses occur in acentnry
Fsnd in the present year there have been two
Much eclipses. This has not happened for
fever 150 years, and will not again occur for
over 100 years. Tbe next total solar eclipse
available for astronomical observation will
Hake place in 1893. It has been the
fcustom of astronomers for something
Sever a century to observe solar eclipse
f and probably about 100 total solar eclipses
fe'liave been accurately observed. The astron
eomers of the expedition have been calculat
fing the exact time of tbe eclipse which they
rcre to observe, but because of the uncer
tainty of the latitude and longitude of the
tjplace where the observation is to be made
f they experienced considerable difficulty.
IfrAccording to what seems to be the best su
ftthority lor the latitude and longitude the
eclipse will occur at 2 o'clock 59 minutes
jjtuid 54 seconds in the afternoon, which will
.te 8 o'clock 45 minutes 50 seconds in the
morning by Washington time. With the
proper latitude and longitude the time of
"the eclipse can be calculated to within one
, or two seconds.
- THEES MnrOTES OF DA3KKESS.
fi. The duration ot the total eclipse will be
'S minutes and 6 seconds, of the entire eclipse
Jsbout 3 hours. There are several objects
Sin making careful observations of a
ftotal aolar eclipse. One of the principal is
ItOjmake photographic records of all partial
phases. These will be valuable in correct
ling the tables of the motion of the moon
and this, of course, has an important bear
ing upon tbe subject of navigation.
Another and no less important aim of the
astronomers is to obtain photographs of the
corona of tbe sun. The corona is a halo of
delivery light that is seen around the snn
"only during total eclipse, and never at any
lather time. The object or a study of the
corona is to obtain a better knowledge of the
constitution of the sun and surroundings.
This has. a close relation to terrestrial meteor
,plogya a science which is now in its infancy,
i and one the knowledge of which will greatly
jconduce to human welfare.
jWProf. Cleveland Abbe, of the United
I&tates Signal Service, is the meteorologist.
Especial opportunities are offered for obser
vations of this kind, because of the fact that
the route of travel is longer than the usual
one, and partially optional. One of especial
lines of research will be the systematic ob
servation of the movements of the air. The
temperature and pressure of the air will alto
.receive attention. Prof. Abbe uses several
methods for determining the movements of
the air. One is Dy means of anemometers at
tached to the upper part ot the shio, another
by the use of balloons that are inflated with
hydrogen and set tree, and a third with
peculiar mirrors arranged for observing tbe
movements oi the clouds.
f Mr. E. D. Preston, of the coast survey,
prill do the work in physics. The relative
forces of gravity will be found at the differ
ent stations by means of two reverse pendu
lums of invariable length. They will be
Allowed to swing night and day, and the
-umber of oscillations made in 24 hours at
W, separate stations being compared the
QativeTforce of gravity follow. The three
Iffhetic elements declination, dip and in
utityiwlll be found by observations on
se1 successive days at each station if time
mlts? .
LEjHarTey.Brown. of the National Mu
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senm.Tvill superintend the eeltMtta ol fXL
biological specimens,' and as "Wert Africa
abounds in numerous and rare anissals of
many kinds, a laree and valuable collection
will undoubtedly be made.
Mr. a A Orr, or Clark: TJaivenlty, is
the anthropologist .It is the fateation to
make as full a study of the customs and
habits of the natives as time and -opportunities
will allow; to make physical measure
ments of representatives of the diflerent
tribes; to make collections of tbe mind
products of tbe natives and photographs of
characteristic individuals.
Mr. Hell Chatelain, now of New Tork.
accompanies the expedition as linguist
JI r. Chatelain is a Swiss and has spent three
years in the part of Africa to be visited,
studying and teaching the languages, and
has already proven to be of valuable assist
ance in many ways.
THE P20POSED BOUTB
of the expedition comprises a distance of
nearly 15,000 miles. The first stop will be
the Azore Islands, where we will take a
supply of coal. From.here we will go to
the Cape Verde Islands for coal, and after
one more stop for the same purpose, we will
go direct to St Paul de Loan da, a Portu
guese citv of some 15,000 inhabitants on the
West roast of Africa and 9 below the equa
tor. Here the expedition will go ashore and
start on a journey of about 100 miles up the
Quanza river for the village of Muyima
pronounced Hu-she-ma, where the astro
nomical observations will be made, from
St Paul de Iioanda the expedition will sail
along the coast of Africa south, stopping
probably at several places, including Cape
Town. The islands of St Helena and As
cension will next be visited, after which the
return home will begin.
The Pensacola is one of the oldest of the
Government steamships, and alter the ex
tensive repairs of the cast summer is very
comfortable, probably more so than any of
the others would be. Uaptain A. a. xates
is in command, and no better man could
have been selected to convey the expedition.
It is his constant aim to assist the members
of the partr in every possible way. His
efforts are heartily appreciated by all.
There are 435 men on board, including the
crew, officers and expedition. In examining
the records of the crew I have found some
facts which mav be of interest The Pensa-
THE EXPEDITION.
U1v;
k. " .
a ' '
i
. V
Islands, 3 the Cape Verdi Islands, 4 a coaling
river, 6 Cape Town, 7 Island of Bt. Helena, and 8
cola crew, with marines and apprentices,
numbers just 371 men, the largest ot any
man-of-war. The following list shows the
birth place of each of these men, and I am
told by Captain Yates that it may be con
sidered as an average crew of the American
man-of-war:
United States 187
British Islands 67
Scandinavia SO
Other European
countries 22
British America... 4
Sooth America.... 2
Germany. 31
Africa 2
West Indies 1
St. Helena 1
Asia (Japan 8) 9
Madeira 6
It will be noticed that just about one-half
were born in the United States, and that 68
percent are from English-speaking coun
tries. It may seem surprising to many that
our navy is composed of so large a per cent
ot foreigners, especially as it is so unlike
any other navy in this respect But there
are several reasons why this is the case. In
the first place, more favorable opportunities
for home liie are offered workingmen in the
United States than in any other country, so
Americans can Jive much better at home
than in the navy. Again, there is no such
stimulus to sea life in America as there is
in most European countries, where geo
graphical conditions are favorable and men
are compelled to serve in the navy or their
country. All in all, American laborers are
not content to live the li e of sailors when
circumstances for a much better life exist in
our country.
Our trip thus far has been uneventful.
Though we have had a number of squalls,
the weather has been very good. Most of
the party experienced the usual attacks of
sea-sickness, but after we were four or five
days from New York all had recovered and
gained possession of their "sea-legs," as the
seamen say, and were then quite "sea
proof." So we can now enjoy those truly
beautiful sunrises and sunsets upon tbe
blue ocean with the paler blue sky and its
indescribable hues for a background, and
blunt indeed must be the aesthetic side oi
one's nature it he will not pause in the
midst ot such sights and reflect upon the
wonders and beauties of nature. Neverthe
less after a period of 20 days shall have
elapsed without tbe sight of land I am sure
the first glimpse of the Azores will be hailed
with delight Claibe A Oeb.
The largest andt best selected stock of
diamonds, watches, jewelry, novelties,
clocks, bronzes, statuary, gold and silver
handle canes and umbrellas, sterling and
silver plated ware, etc All new goods
purchased this fall; no old or shop-worn
stock. Large street clock in front or door.
M. O. Cohen,
Diamond Expert and Jeweler,
533 Smithfield st
Store open evenings until January L
Uktil January 1 our store will be open
evenings. M. J. Cohen, diamond expert
and jeweler, formerly cor. Tifth ave. and
Market st., now 533 Smithfield st Street
clock in front of the door.
Bleb, Elcsnm Plate.
Now is the time to select We never had
so many from 25c up to f25 each. They are
marvels of beauty and design. Call early.
REiZESszsnr,
152, 154, 150 Federal st, Allegheny.
XTSSU i
Winter Uodrrwear.
Big bargains in ladies, gents and chil
dren's scarlet, camel's hair, natural wool
and merino underwear at H. J. Xynch's,
438 and 440 Market st
CALL for Frauenheim & Vilsark'a cele
brated Pilsner beer, on draught at all first
class bars.
Lace curtains 600 pain Just received
specially for holiday trade to sell quickly
at less than importation prices.
xxssu Huocs & Sacks.
Beautiful diamond rings asd bracelets,
atHauch'i,No.285rUUiave. ,TrOT-,
EYEKT aATSCIENCEi
Remarkable Instances of the Success
ful Use of Divining Bods,
SOLIDIFICATION OF HATUBaL GAS.
Beeent Interesting Discoveries at the fool
of Bethesda.
SCIEKTIHO AND INDUSTEIAL BOTES
mXFAEZn TOR THI BISFATCBA
Beaders of The Dispatch wbo desire
information on subjects relating to indus
trial development and progress in mechani
cal, civil and electrical engineering and the
sciences can have their queries answered
through this column.
'Prof. BayXankester having recently ex
pressed some doubts on the alleged powers
of a boy "water finder," Dr. McClure, who
is chairman of the company by whom the
boy is. emyloyed, has denied emphatically
that the boy, whose name is Bodwell, is an
impostor. He says that.the lad when tested
never failed to find either water or mineral
veins, the lodes having always been iound
exactly at the places indicated. The di
vining rod which he holds only moves in
obedience to the mnscular contraction of
his hands, and a rod of any kind of wood,
or even of any material substance whatever
can be used, provided it be a conductor of
electricity. Dr. McClure's statements
have excited considerable comment in
England. The phenomena of tests
by tbe divining rod are not by
any means new. They have never been
described from a scientific point of view,
nor has anv philosophical explanation of
them ever been advanced, but there is no
question whatever of their existence, and of
their being now regarded by the most ad
vanced scientists as beyond the region of
chicanery and imposture.
Mr. W. J. Jenks, in a recent lecture on
"The Protection of Electric Light Stations
from Lightning," treats the subject very
exhaustively, and shows that where the
ability to locate electrical or magnetic at
traction is vested in nn individual, the re
sults are absolutely reliable. He instances
the case of two gentlemen oi Merrimac,
Mass., named Prescott, who for several
years have given displays of this rare- fac
ulty. As an illustration of the certainty with
which the Prescott brothers could indicate
the location of electrical attraction, Mr.
Jenks gives a well authenticated incident
which took place at Amesbury not long ago.
Several old citizens were skeptical as to the
accuracy of the conclusions suDposed to
have been reached and determined on a
severe test Taking 20 or more citizens as
witnesses, they requested the Prescott broth
ers to accompany them, and indicating a
stretch of highway before them, some 40 or
50 rods in length, stated that some years
previous lightning had struck on that road,
and wished to be informed as to the exact
spot Proceeding several rods, two cross
currents were marked out, both extend
ing for some distance in the traveled
pathway and crossed by another at nearly
right angles. Testing carefully the roads
in both directions, this electrical center was
pointed out as the spot of greatest danger in
the vicinity. Tbe party was then invited
to examine an ancient volume of official
records, where it was chronicled that on the
7th of October, 1802, a man who was driving
two yoke of cattle was struck by lightning
in that exact spot, and with all his animals
was instantly killed. The occurrence had
been deemed at the time so remarkable that
the circumstance, with a minute description
oi the locality, had been recorded, though
lone fonrotten bv all but perhaDS 4 few of
.the oldest citizens.
Discoveries at the Pool of Bethesda.
Among the notes of the quarterly state
ment of the Palestine Exploration Fund is
an account of fresh discoveries at the Pool
of Bethesda, In clearing ont the crypt of
tbe church built at the southwest angle of
the pool in the times of the Crusades, at the
northwest corner, close to an opening which
permits the water to be seen and drawn up.
and surrounding a little door still obstruct
ed, which doubtless affords a way of descent
to the middle of the pool, were found very
interesting remains of a mural painting
wbich singularly confirms tbe already
numerous proofs of the authenticity of the
Pool of Bethesda. Arab fanaticism has de
stroyed the heads and hands of the figures,
but notwithstanding that over tbe little
door mentioned there is visible the beauti
inland well-preserved nimbnsef a winged
figure, which causes the water by which it
is surrounded in the picture to be moved
and agitated. This is an interpretation of a
familiar passage in ancient history, which
describes bow an angel went down at a cer
tain season into the pool and troubled tbe
water.
The Ancient Art of Embalming.
In view of.modern progress in embalming,
dessication, and other methods of preserving
the dead for an indefinite time, it is inter
esting to note that it has been estimated that
more thai) 400,000,000 human mummies
were made in Egypt from the beginning of
the art of embalming until its discontinu
ance in the seventh century. There were
three grades of embalming. For preserving
his relative in the most approved style the
Egyptian had to pay $1,225; iu.the second
grade the operation cost about $375; the
third method was so cheap as to be cousid
ered "within the reach of the poorest citi
zen," and involved the pickling of the body
for some days, and then a boiling in bitu
men. These mummies are devoid of hair
and eyebrows, and are black, heavy dry and
very hard to break.
Fhoiornmlc Lantern.
The photoramio lantern is the name of a
new device by which a photographic artist
claims to be able to project upon a screen or
wall, not mere' fixed objects, but scenes oi
life and movement, such as are beheld on
the white table in the camera obscura. The
invention includes a peculiar sort of photog
rapher's camera of about a foot square.
The instrument is painted at a particular
moving object and by turning the handle a
number of pbotographs are taken every sec
ond. These successive phases of a scene in
movement are then converted into trans
parencies and placed in succession upon a
long strip, wbich is wound on rollers and
passed through tbe photoramic lantern, with
results which appear to be similar to those
of the well-known philosophical toy, the
"xoetrope." '
Ll(btlnsr Street Can.
The method of lighting street cars is un
dergoing perhaps as complete a change as
the motive power itself. On cars fitted
with electric motors. a flood of light is read
ily obtainable from as many incandescent
lamps as are desired, and by recent devices
for coupling to the motor carany cars which
may be used as tow cars or "trailers" an en
tire train of cars may be similarly lighted,
receiving the current for the purpose from
the motor cars by means of the aforesaid
couplings. It is safe to say that the street
car of the future will be much more gener
ously illuminated than has been either at
tempted or practicable in tbe past
Sating Before Sleeping.
Dr. W. Washburn, in a'note on the sub
ject of "Eating Before Sleeping," in, the
Medical Record, says: "Now, there is really
no excuse for the old prejudice, and we are
Only able to sleep well without eating (es
pecially if hungry) by long training against
nature. For is it not a fact that- tbe stom
ach requires more blood daring the period
'of digestion, and what wore natural, then.
tbaa tht the blood be draws frm tbe teak.
as It Is the wt Tealr organ of the body,
and during weep leas blood m require la
the brain? Hence digestion should aid
sleep, and sleep aid digestion."
8oIIiIflcatia af Natural Gns.
A newprocess for condensing natural gas
is well spoken of. The process itseir, as
well as the machinery needed to carry it
out, is very simple. Gas when trans
formed into solid matter is not dangerous to
handle. Its expansive force is very great,
and when the substance becomes heated
above a certain degree it will become very
volatile and will burst an ordinary cask or
can, but the effect is gradual and it does not
explode. The inventor claims that with a
ten-horse-power engine he can reduce
enough gas in one day to supply a city of
50,000 inhabitants with fnel for 24 hours.
Fnlp From Pine Leaves.
A method of beating pineleaves for the
purpose of converting them into a pulp for
the manufacture of a strong and superior
paper by exposing the leaves to the action
of steam under piessure has been success
fully tried. The steam serves by its heat
and pressure to soften the fibers and to draw
from the pores nd vaporize all resinous,
oilv and spiritnous matters, leaving in
tact the fibers, which are then worked into
pulp after the manner in which vegetable
fibers -are usually worked for making paper,
papiermache and the like, and is bleached
by means of suitable chemicals.
Promoters of Tubercular Disease.
Great stress has lately been laid by the
best medical authorities on the importance
of looking well to the teeth of patients hav
ing a tubercular tendency, and seeing that1
they keep tfielr mouth in a thoroughly
healthy and aseptic condition. Tbe fact
has been established that diseased roots and
teeth have a great deal to do in starting
tubercular .trouble in the lymphatic glands
of people predisposed to this disease.
Tubercle bacilli gaining admission to the
jaw through the diseased teeth, speedily in
fect the structures in the neighborhood.
Obedience of the Electric Motor.
The ability to reverse its motion which
the electric motor possesses, and the instan
taneous nature of the obedience it yields to
the controlling switch, are among its valu
able characteristics. In several Instances
lately have these properties been the direct
means of averting catastrophes on el ec trio
lines. A recent report statesthatadrunken
man stageered on to the line and fell on the
rails within three feet of the engine. The
driver instinctively reversed the direction of
the current at full' speed, and the man was
saved.
Cnrlona Specimens of Tarnish Genu.
Two very interesting specimens of Zanzi
bar copal gum have just reached this coun
try. They are neatly polished, and are full
of pre-historic insects of various kinds, which
.thousands of years ago became imbedded in
the gum. What leads peculiar interest to
these specimens is that the origin of such
gums is lost in antiquity, and not only are
the trees which are supposed to have pro
duced them long aeo extinct, but the very
insects round in the gum do not;Deiong to
any known varieties.
Silk From Wood Palp.
One of the most remarkable of textile ma
terials of recent introduction is the silk
made from -wood pulp, which was exhibited
at the Paris Exposition. The fiber is pro
duced from a nitrated cellulose obtained
from wood pulp by a secret process. This
artificial silk is said to be perfectly uniform
in thickness and perfectly round in section;
it can be dyed any color and interwoven
with cocoon silk in manufactured goods,
giving strength and brilliancy to the fabric
To Destroy Iaiecte on Animals.
A wash made of tbe water in which pota
toes have been boiled is a certain means of
destroying insects on animals. The first ap
plication is generally effectual, but it had
better be repeated a few times in order to
destroy the eggs. The same means may be
used against the parasites in which mange
originates, and probably would remove
plant lice also. This insecticldal property of
tbe potato is supposed to be owing to the
solanine, which is one of its constituents.
Welding Cables by Electricity.
Some very interesting experiments in
uniting cables by electricity for use on
cable roads have recently been made. It
has been demonstrated that while by means
of a splice 30 per cent only of the strength
of a perfect cable was secured, by an electric
weld 87 per cent was secured, thus proving
the superior efficiency of the latter
method.
Snow-raeltlas Machine.
A new device for getting rid of snow in
the streets .or on the horse car tracks has
been patented. Experiments with it show
that it can melt a ton of Ice in five minutes,
or a ton of snow in four minutes, at a cost of
about 4 cents for the melting of every two
horse load. The machine has somewhat the
general appearance of a fire engine.
Uses of Common Halt.
Among the many uses of common salt
may be mentioned two which admit of fre
quent application. Salt put in water which
surrounds the ordinary glue pot causes a
hotter glue to be obtained than where simple
water is used. Salt in the water where
mason work is being done in cold water,
prevents disintegration by frost
Tottering; to ha Base.
Health totters to ltsverr foundations when
vigor begins to wane. To check its loss, to re
pair Its general damage to the constitution
which this Inflects, impaired digestion most be
rendered active, tbe conversion of food Into
blood must b facilitated, No tonic on earth
can accomplish this so effectually as Hostetter's
Stomach Bitters; a remedy also for malaria,
constipation and biliousness.
HOLIDAY TABLE DELICACIES.
Largest Line Lowest Prices.
Look for our special card in next Sun
day's Dispatch. Better send for the
Housekeeper's Guide; it will post you on
everything in our line; also contains valua
ble information for all housekeepers. Store
open till 9 P. M. until Christmas.
William Haslaoe & Soir,
IS Diamond Square, Pittsburg.
Good Advice.
The holidays are approaching, and you
are doubtless thinking'of how you will glad
den the hearts of your family with a beauti
ful piano or organ. Many pianos are offered.
You will hardly know which to buy. Take
the Kranich & Bach, and run no risks. It
is tbe very best the market affords. Its con
struction is superior to any piaromade.
The increasing sales attest its popularity.
We can refer to hundreds of purchasers in
the two cities; We have also the elegant
"Stultz & Bauer" and Jas. M. Starr pianos.
Miller and Packard organs. Prices and
terms to suit all. Warerooms open evenings
until after the holidays.
LECHNEB & SCHOENBERQEE,
69 Fifth avenue.
Odd Caps.
We have COO styles of teas, coffees, choco
lates and bouillions at popular prices; in
single dozens or harlequin sets, popular
prices. Beizekstein,
163, 164, 166 Federal Bt, Allegheny.
XXSSU
A BAEOAIN BOe, 60c and 75c a yard for
Priestley's black silk warp Henriettas,
were 85c, $1 and ?1 25.
xxssu Huqub & Sacks.
LbVEST prices in the city for fine bronaei,
at Hauch's, Ko. 295 Fifth ave. TO-su
t
CM Feet
Made coaroftable'byearlng oar felt slip.
Ders-i'fnr'vomBi'aadoli at lew:iet.. . ,
5Al3T':Y-yliUaV.WMaifctt.
EAST VtTfflSDS? EST.
Arguments in Favor of Philadelphia
as a Mechanic's Residence.
BEHTS LOWEETflAN IN PITTSBURG.
Cheap Transportation, Good. Drainage and
Excellent Markets.
A P1EADISE f OS EAGER DECK UDNTEES
rWBimW foe THZ MSPATCn. 1
An article in last Sunday's Dispatch,
signed F. H., is evidently intended to create
an impression about the cheapness of living
in Pittsburg as compared with Philadel
phia, which is not quite correct generally or
in detail. A comparison of Philadelphia
homes with "Pittsburg Cozy Homes" of the
same class, location and rental will always
result in favor of Philadelphia.
The locality visited in West Philadelphia
by P. H., between Chestnut and Vine
streets, has some very lovely homes, and
some sections of that district are considered
the most desirable of the districts where
houses can be rented. Baring street, Thirty
second, Thirty-third, up to Forty-first street,
Powelton avenue, are all elegant neighbor
hoods, where houses are semi or alto
gether detached. Most ot them, have
front, side and rear yards, with vines,
trees, many of them very Jarge with
splendid foliage, atone walls, iron fences,
streets and sidewalks both paved, all
sewered, cleaned, painted and in good con
dition. It is true there are in that district
some cheap neighborhoods, where the pig
and the pig weed, the goat and the 'tin can,
and ragged, dirty children flourish. There
are other streets where houses are built in
long rows, which are rattle traps and
tumble-downs. Many of these houses were
built before the Centennial of 1876. or im
mediately afterward. They were, many of
them, contract houses and look as though a
blight had suddenly fallen on them,
But if F. H. will take the same kind
of a house, as to finish, neighborhood,
sewerage, pavements, etc., and compare it
with her "cozy Pittsburg homes," she will
probably find that she will have to fall
back on to the larger Vages paid
to mechanics in Pittsburg. ' As
a rule, a mechanic can live cheaper
Bast than he can in Pittsburg on the
same wages. But a mechanic as a rule can
not live on Baring or Thirty-second streets or
other such places. Bents are high there as
they would be on Hiland, Fifth, Ellsworth
(below Boup), Penn avenues or Craig,
Neville and other high-toned streets in
Pittsburg. A house on a paved and sewered
street, with trees along the sidewalks,
painted and in good condition in Pittsburg
costs money to even look at Few wonld
wish to rent such a property under 10 per
cent of its value, which with the taxes oft
would net about 8 per cent, and the tenant
in-all cases pays the water rent, which is
always paid by tbe landlord in the Fast.
The same money that is paid as rent and
water rent on an unpaved, unsewered street
in Pittsburg' for a -detached house, with a
good view lrom bow windows, will bring a
much finer house on a paved street in
Philadelphia.
HOW XHE EEKT3 COMPAEI.
The long, drawn-out houses in Philadel
phia spoken of by F. H., with the shelf of
wood or marble for a mantel piece, and the
hot air registers throughout the house,-cost
from $18 to 525 per month, but the same
house in Pittsburg would cost and do cost
from $30 to $40 and the water rent Take for
instance in the neighborhood of Penn and
Winebiddle avenues. Four brick, houses
on a lot 66x100, of six rooms, rentfor $18
per month each; another lot of 50x110 has
three brick houses on it each of five rooms,
and ther rent for $16 each per month. Out
Penn avenue, near Negley avenue, are twpj
irame nouses on a lot zoxdu oi iour rooms .
each, jenting for $11 per month and water
rent besides. Few really desirable houses
in the Bast End on a paved .or unpaved
street can be had for less than $500 per year
and about $22 water rent. It is a contention
I would submit with confidence that a far
superior house cannot be had in Northwest
or even on Baring street or West Philadel
phia for the same or less money.
The drainage of Pittsburg or its lack of
sewerage has been its great drawback for
many years. Philadelphia has 300 miles of
sewerage. There can be no comparison
there.
Natural gas is a great fuel, and no doubt
Philadelphiaus would be glad to have it on
account of its superior cleanness, and de
crease of labor iu the matter of ashes and
carrying coal. Bnt on account oreconomy,
they would find their gas bills would
nearly, if not quite, equal their coal bills,
so that this would not be an element of
cheapness. Tbe rosy days when a person
could destroy all of the gas his burners
would consume have about come to an end.
and the meter comes to tbe front with its ,
tales of large and extravagant consump
tion, while the head of the house will be
constantly on the lookout to stop waste,
which means extravagance and large bills.
People who have heretofore kept their
houses too hot pay, even in the desire for
economy, go a little to the other extreme, so
"comfortable, cozy homes" mentioned by
F. H., may by next winter be about as cool
as her Philadelphia house, heated by regis
ter, was.
As to the quality oi the water there can
not be any difference between the Phila
delphia and the Pittsburg supply in rainy
weather. Both are about as bad as they
can be.jonly in Philadelphia the muddy
water slips down easy, while a person in
Pittsburg occasionally chews sand for some
time after using.
A3 XO XEANSPOBTAIIOK.
Pittsburg cable cars are much better than
the Philadelphia cars, because they have a
system of double trucks, one under each' end
of the car, while the Philadelphia cars have
only one truck of lour wheels nnder the cen
ter of the car, which causes occasionally a dis
agreeable rocking motion. Their new cars,
however, are of the double-truck kind. Tbe
fares in Pittsburg, however, are not so favor
able to the poor man or mechanic.
If a man has to take two railroads he will
be compelled to pay full fare twice. Even
on the Hiland avenue "Buss," which is a
branch of the Pittsburg traction line, they
will not give anywhere n Pittsburg a trans
fer check onto another road, while in Phila
delphia a man can ride down Columbia ave
nue and exchange to the lower part of the
city, seven or eight miles, for five cents. He
can ride from West Philadelphia to Kens
ington, nine miles, for eight cents. He can
in short exchange in almost any direction
for mostly one fare, sometimes a fare and a
half. The fares on the steam railroads are
also cheaper Fast than here, while all the
bridges are free. ' .
As to the markets of Philadelphia, wbich
F. H. does not seem to appreciate, they
are not excelled by London or New York.
The latter may be equal, but not superior.
Aside from the general run of vegetables
and meats, the necessities of life, the lux
uries and delicacies can be had in tbeir
season of the finest quality. The position of
the Eastern markets on tbe sea coast makes
all seasons almost alike, for when onr winter
is on, tbe Bermuda, Florida and Georgia
gardens furnish tbe markets, so tbat they
are almost perpetual. The great pasturage
of wild celery throughout the lower river
inlets and the Delaware Bay, Chesapeake
Bay and the swampy country between, them
furnish fine pasturage for all kinds of
aquatic fowl and reed birds. The reed bird
gets very fat and is killed in vast nnmbers.
It is a common sight to see men and boys
going around the streets inside of a hoop,
around which are strung probably 100
plucked birds. The reed bird is called in
the Northern States the bobolink, in tbe
-South the rice bird and in tbe West Indies
the cutter bird and is esteemed a luxury
everywhere.
GOOD DXrCKrHUKTISG.
TVtLolu who it it thai ian't if Ira ml Wlr
.eM 4kt-a4;vrW k UltAsm't.liJH
tehi4eWsslfall.&yi a'WTor tmmf'
to ret a eracK at a bock? i ii a laaicress
sight in duck season to vtatch the heads of
duok hunters and their guns sticking out of
the railroad blidges between Philadelphia
and Baltimore) waiting for the -duck, and
dodging the trains. Boats on the water with
hunters, men and guns lying on the banks
behind all kinds of screens while the water
has patches of decoys at which greeenhoras
pop their guns on sight But if there are
plenty of hunters.there are myriads of ducks,
canvasback, black ducks, mallard, teal, red
heads, snipe, rail, all of them come and of
course tbe market is stocked with them.
No person bnt the true duck hunter, sports
man, or the gourmand properly appre
ciate the juiciness and gamey flavors of a
wild duck.
A visit to the Spruce street wharf where
the oyster boats land is also a sight
which shonld not be neglected by those
who love the delicious bivalves.
Sloops, smacks and vessels of smaller size
come in there loaded with the. finest oysters
to. be had from the different beds. Absecon
Salts, Morris Elver .Coves, Chincoteagues.
Cape Mays, Blue Points, etc Very iexr
people know tbe delicioos flavor of an oys
ter fresh from his native bed taken out of his
shell on an oyster smack.
The shad fisheries are another great sight
down at Gloucester, on the Jersey side.
Crowds go down on' the ferry from South
street to see the hauling of the seine, which
is nearly a mile long, filled with the spark
ling, leaping shad and herring. When the
shad season comes in the butchers suffer.
Sheepshead and bluefish are brought from
the sea, and are very popular.
Catfish are quite numerous and are in
great favor. A drive up the Wissahlckou
without a catfish and waffle supper at one of
the many hotels along the road is not to be
thought of.
Luscious peaches, plums and pears from
Maryland and Delaware are not to be ex
celled in any marset. Uanteloupes or so
sweet and luxurious a flavor that the West
Indies cannot compete with them come from
Maryland and Jersey, and in such quanti
ties that they sell during the season at 25
cents perorate.
Dairy and poultry supplies come from the
richest dairy counties in the world. Bucks,
Montgomery, Chester, Delaware, Lancaster
can't be beaten in their butter and poultry.
Many people pay $1 per pound the year
around to get a particular brand of butter.
Many farmers are butchers and dress their
meats at home, and sell their produce and
meats in the market stall themselves instead
of the hucksters, thus making marketing so
much cheaper by avoiding the middlemen.
Buhbalo.
Beeent Patents to Fennaylvanlane.
Higdon & Higdon, patent lawyers, 95
Fifth ave., Pittsburg, -and St Cloud build
ing, opp. Patent Office, Washington, D. C,
report the ' following patents granted last
week: Pittsburg & B. Graham, brush;
J. Guest rolling forge bars; J. Pedder, util
izing worn-out railway tires; A Schmid,
electric machine. Allegheny T. H.
Campbell, dumb-bell. Minersville A H.
Duun, puzzle. McKeesport P. Patterson,
tnbe welding apparatus.
PIANOS AND -ORGANS AT SACRIFICE.
Prices Before Beraoval to Fifth Avenne.
At Henrick's Temple of Music.
Intending to occupy the remodeled room
79 Fifth avenue after January 1, and desir
ing to move as little stock as possible, prices
on new and second-hand instruments have
been reduced so that buyers can save from
$75 to $150 ou new pianos and from $40 to
$75 on organs. New pianos for $250, worth
$400; organs for $75, worth $150; second
hand pianos from $40 to $150, worth twice
as much; second-band organs worth $35 to
$65.
The stock embraces such celebrated makes
as Checkering & Sons, Wheelock & Co.,
Hallet & Davis, Steinway & Sons', Knabe,
Decker & Sons, Stuyvesant and Demarest
pianos and Farrand &"Votey, Estey, Kim
ball, Wilcox & White, Shoninger and Bur
dett organs.
Over 160 pianos and organs to select from,
ahdlmvers should come earlv to have the
choice.' - Instruments selected for holiday
pre'sefiti will he set aside and delivered at
desired time. Easy payments arranged.
Store open until 9 o'clock evenings until
January 1. Bemember the place and call
early.
Hehbick's Temple of Music,
435 Wood street.
Between Fifth ave. and Diamond st '
8;i5,19,22
Redaction In Passenger Bates Via the
Penaivlvanla Railroad.
For the better accommodation of its pat
rons the Pennsylvania Bailroad Company
will, ou and after Sunday, 8th inst, reduce
the passenger rates between Pittsburg,
Washington and Baltimore to $8 for first
class tickets and $7 for Becond-class tickets.
This company is running four trains be
tween Pittsburg, Washington and Baltimore
daily 7:15 and 8.-00 a. m., and at 7:15 and
8:10 P. II., with Pullman sleeping and par
lor cars attached.
Marked Down From Thankiglrlng:.
A few more gallons left of those rare old
sherries, hock ports, cognacs, etc. These
are rare bargains. Come and get your name
down in the blue book for Cbristmas gifts
at John McCullough'8 cable car corner, 523
Liberty street loot of Fifth avenue.'
JAPANESE WARE BAZAAR.
Open for the Holidays Only.
Ton will wonder at our fine display.
Goods are going rapidly, and we would ad
vise you to call early. Special discounts on
large pieces.
Store open till 9 p. si. until Christmas.
Wm. Haslaoe 8s Soir,
Select Family Grocers, 4
18 Diamond Square, Pittsburg.
Attend our holiday and clearing sale
for bargains and holidaypresents.
xxssu Hugus & Hacks.
Blair's Ph.ls Great English gout and
rheumatic remedy. Bore, prompt and effect
ive. At druggists'. ttsu
Substantial Holiday Preiente.
Seal plush sacatfes. plush and cloth
jackets, newmarkets and children's wraps.
Large and caretullv selected stocs ana low
est prices at H. J. Lynch's, 438 and 440
Market st
Wainwbighi's beer leads in favor.
All best dealers keep it Families supplied
direct on short notice. Telephone 5525.
wsu
Habble, onvx and brouze clocks,, lowest
prices, at Hauch's, No. 295 Fifth ave.
wtsu i
bJ-TEHPullnDS
IN
TWO WEEKS!
THOFIT!!
At a Flesh Producer thflr a cam be
B. . . -
uu gnesuoa out mat
SCOTT'S
EMULSION!
Of Pore Cod Uver OH and Hppfitsphif es
Of Lime and Soda
i is wvUinnt a rivaL Mantr kavn
panted a pound a day By taw ue I
.. ..- . -. i - - - ,
iw at cores
CONSUMPTION,
I'SeHOFUU. MMNCIHTIS. C0U8HS and!
I eftLM, AW ALL F04IMS Of WASTHtt WS-
I -Betureyotl fttHtegmuhM eatfcereore I
tWMMfVVfMb
?:&
MARVELOUS.
CHRISTMAS
-
r
ikiieieioih:'
POPULAR CASH AND CREDIT HOUSE.
Though Christmas is yet ..over
already put in an appearance
is being seen and felt all
rooms. What a change! What a transforma
tion! What a metamorphosis! You'll be
, surprised ' and delighted on taking a
stroll through the various floors.
C ' Keech's Christinas shpw is
certainly the most exten- .
t '' x sive, comprehensive
and ::: elegant
THAT EVER FASCINATED THE EYES
OF A PITTSBURG PUBLIC.
-ODD PARLOR CHAIRS.
So many of them that nearly the entire second floor had
to be given up for their display. And such a display! No
pen or tongue can do it justice. It must be seen. Suffice it
to say, then, that it embraces scores upon scores of entirely
new things in Rockers, Arm and Reception Chairs, covered
with the choicest and finest Marbleized Silk Plushes, Velqur
Plushes, Crushed Plushes, Tapestry and Leather. From tfiis
gigantic variety the most fastidious taste can easily be suited.
MORE ODD CHAIRS. :
Suitable for the Sitting Room, Library or Chamber.
They are displayed on the first floor and you'll see them on .
entering. Many beautiful novelties among them. Your
special attention is called to the magnificent embossed leather
back Chairs, with straw design leather seats. It's hard, to
think of a more suitable, useful, sensible and inexpensive
Christmas gift than one of these very chairs. And, if 'you
are shrewd, you'll not tarry long, but make your selection
now while the assortment is brimful of new things.
CHRISTMAS SUGGESTIONS.
Keech's stock is full of them; here are a few. Come and
see them:
LADIES' SHOE STOOLS. A very low Silk Plush Chair;
just the thing required by ladies while buttoning or lacing,
their shoes.
CHILDREN'S ROCKERS.
bv presenting- them with'the
now display.
CENTER TABLES, SOFAS, CABINETS.
All kinds and descriptions, from the cheapest to the costliest
- Something for every pocket and taste.
FOLDING BEDS, WARDROBES, CHIFFONIERS,.
, DESKS, SECRETARIES. ' ;
Here are beautiful presents for father and mother, hus
band and wife. Don't fret about the prices. They will sure
ly suit you.'
HALL STANDS, HAT RACKS, UMBRELLA STANDS
SHAVING STANDS, BLACKING CASES,
- MEDICINE CHESTS, FOOT STOOLS.
These articles cost but little, but the joy and pleasure
they give to those whom you present them to on Christmas
eve is immense. There's a full variety of them at Keech's',. ,,
and you are cbrdially invited to call -and inspect them. ',-
BOOK CASES, EASELS, PEDESTALS, CLOCKSI'li
BRONZES,
riiiviiiv iviiK.JK.ujK.3, etc., etc -
There may be dozens of stores in this city offering these
goods, but none can approach Keech's popular prices. Gall
and see, how easily we can substantiate this statement, . ;
SILVERWARE. ::: SILVERWARE. ....
Here is a good list of handsome Christmas gife: 7 '
Silver Tea Sets, in four or five pieces; Silver Water Sets,.
Silver Cups, Silver Butter Dishes, Silver., Pickle Castors, Sil-.
ver Pepper and Salt Sets, Silver Napkin Rings, Silver Tea'
and Table Spoons, Silver Knives and Forks, Carving Knives;
CHINA DINNER, TEA and TOILET SETS.
A complete stock of these goods now on exhibitionand
sale in our House Furnishing Goods department fifth floor.
Take the elevator.
CLOAKS and.CLOTHING.
.The usual bargains wilt be offered in these .departments
this week. The latest styles and best qualities are here. .,.
NOTE: STORE OPEN EVERY NIGHT,
For the accommodation of those, who, being1 at wbrkfall
day, are compelled to do their buying in the evening, we will
keep our store open till 9 o'clock, every night untfl.'Christmas,
and till 10 o'clock on Saturdays, as usual. -
-by. ZED tl G -EEC'S
Cash and Credit. House,
923 and 925
ISFeax . irrLtCfa3'tn?el3-
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v-rti.'
ssMlOf
i
WONDERFUL T
:: EXHIBITION
- AIU . '''S'-ri
two weeks off, Old Santa ha
at Keech's, and his presence!
through the spacious sales-j
Make the little ones happy
beautiful iittle-Kockersthat
FIGURES,
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