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THET f'lTTSBTJBQ- DISPATCH, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 2?, 1889.
19-
Miserable Queen
ERNEST H. HEINRICHS.
TTBITIEHrOE THE DISPATCH.!
LTHOUGH Anista
was a queen of very
great wealth and
beauty, and although
her husband was one
of the best men that
ever lived, still she
was constantly ex
pressing herself dis
satisfied with her lot
and she always
wished for something
different from what
she had. Of course a person with such an
unhappy, discontented disposition could not
bear to see other people in a good humor.
She even hated to hear anybody laugh and
once when she observed one of her servant
women smile she immediately ordered her
head to be chopped oft
"If I, as the Queen of this land," she
would say, "cannot be happy, I will cer
tainly not allow anybody else around me to
have any pleasure, either."
Thus it was natural that her household
was the most miserable imaginable. The
Queen even went so far as to have all her
servants dressed in black to give them a
still more mournful appearance. it a
' stranger would have happened to come into
the domestics' hall, the melancholy aspect
of the surroundings was enoueh to make
bis blood freeze in his veins.
But there was one place in the royal castle
where the Qneen had never been yet since
the day she married the King, and that was
in the little room where the gardener and
his wi.e lived with their little daughter Ma
tilda. Like all people who have flowers
and delight in their beauty, as well as their
iragrance, the gardener was a happy man,
and so were his wife and little child. The
little girl was the faithful companion of her
father in his work in the royal gardens and
greenhouses, and it was a very pleasant
sight to see 2Iatilda with her little hands
nimbly, occupied in lessening the duties of
hear all the laughter I can. Life is but
short anyhow and the worries, troubles and
sorrows are manifold. Thev come often
without our bidding. Therefore it is the
duty of everybody to make the most of the
happy hours which come to him. The age
of youth especially is the season of happi
ness, and for your awful deed of having this
little innocent mite of youthful girlish glee
killed because she laughed I cannot divine
of a punishment adequate to the seriousness
of the transgression. But from this mo
ment I will banish you from my heart as
mywife and from my throne as my Queen.
Go hence, and never will I see your face
A- ROYAL EOIANCE.
The Discarded Daughter of the Late
Duke of Cumberland
FIGHTING FOR HER HERITAGE.
A tfonarcli'3 Kocturnal Marriage With a
Beautiful Girl.
THE DIAMOKD DUKE'S GOLDEN HOARDS
visa " Y3J?9jjp'
i -"" A-5- ' J WEffi'lliii
TheKtngU Vision.
The Gardener's Daughter.
the gardener. As the girl grew older she
became more useful, and it seemed that the
more she was among the exquisite blossoms
of the roses, the lilies, the carnations and
the other blossoming floral beauties the
more increased her own charms and loveli
ness. It seemed as if the wonderful garden
had impressed all its prettiness upon her
face in reflections ot an indelible sweetness.
But alas! for the happy gardener and his
family it happened that the miserable Queen
came into the garden one day, and as she
was walking through one of the pathways,
which "lead through the flower beds, she
noticed little Matilda runing along, singing
and laughing at the top of her voice. The
child was watching a beautiful butterfly
drinking the sweet dew from the petals of a
rose blossom, and as the delicate creature
fluttered over the blossoms sipping the de
licious draughts ever and again Matilda
yelled in childish glee."
The Queen, however, became red in the
face with anger when the innocent laughter
fell on her ears.
"Who are you and what are you doing in
this garden?" she said to the little girl, and
the child, who had not heard the Queen ap
proaching nearly fell to the ground in her
terrible fright
"I am Matilda, "she replied, fearful of
the "grand looking lady before her, "the
gardener's daughter."
"If the nasty Queen was angered because
Matilda laughed, she became even more en
raged when she observed the wonderful
beauty of the girl before her. "I cannot
permit such a happy mortal to live near
me." she muttered to herself, "especially
not such a beautiful girl. "What will be
come ot me, the Queeu, when my gardener's
daughter is even happier and. above all,
Deuer looting man x am myselt.
Then Queen Anista blew a whistle, which
hung from a belt around her waist, and
in half a minute three black-clothed men
appeared in the garden.
"Kill this girl," the Queen commanded
these men, and they immediately drew their
swords and executed the child by chopping
off her head. As the beautiful face rolled
in the dust and the innocent blood flowed
among the flowers, there suddenly arose
from out of the ground a detonation as ter
rible as the report from a thousand cannons.
within the boundaries of my realm unless
you have learned the lesson that a Queen is
not only a ruler, but that she must also be
a friend, a sympathizer and uot a destroyer,
but a promoter of earthly happiness."
Thus spoke the King, and after he had
pronounced the awful sentence upon Queen
Anista he turned around, beckoning his
courtiers and friends to. follow him and
leave the Queen by herself.
The woman stood there like in a dream.
Her spirit of imperiousness was crushed,
and instead she became as meek, humble
and docile as a child.
"It serves me right," she muttered to her
self. "I have been a bad Queen all my life;
but ohl is it too late foratonement? I would do
almost anything to regain the love of my
husband and the respect of the King." She
looked around for Matilda's body, but be
hold! it had disappeared, and in the place
where-the lovely child's form lay only a
few minutes ago, stood a most beautiful
fairy.
"Come with me," said the lovely vision,
'I will take you to the Fountain of the
Atonement, and if you are willing to reform
from your past life I will help you." The
yueen willingly took hold of the fairy hand
and in another second both vanished from
the earth, departtng lor the Fountain of
Atonement.
In the meantime theKincurjmin hiocncHo
by himself. He had rebuilt the walls and
helped other people to get their own houses
in shape again. Many years has passed
away, aud most of the men and women ot
the land had forgotten the terrible earth--quake
and its apalling consequences. But
the King had not forgotten it. He often
remembered his wife, and although he
knew that his punishment of her had been
just, still he loved her once and often in his
loneliness he wished that she would come
back to him and help to cheer him in his
life. At last he took to hunting as a pas
time, because the loneliness In his castle be
came too oppressive.
One day he went again into the depth of
the forest to chase the deer, the elk and
the bear.and in the excitement of the hunt
he lost his companions. Then he forgot also
his road, and when evening overtook him
he found himself atone iq the woods awav
frcnrall human habitations. Hn inmnrl
off his horse and taking the saddle from the
animal's back he laid it under a tree to use
it as a pillow for the night The King had
not been asleep very long when he began to
dream. A vision of three very lovely
ladies seemed to appear before him, and one
of them he soon recognized as his former
Queen. Suddenly one of the apparitions
addressed him, saying:
"I am the Fairy from the Fountain of
Atonement, this is your wife and this is
little Matilda, the gardener's daughter. I
have come to bring your Queen back to von
because she has atoned for all her sins'and
iniquities. In the future she will be the
kindest and happiest woman in the world.
I have also brought back to life little Ma
tilda, because Queen Anista said she could
only be happy again if Matilda lived.
Here, King, take them all back again, and
with them take all the happiness this world
and this life afford."
The King opened his eves, and he soon
recognized that he had not been dreaming
at all, but that the vision had been real, be
cause before him stood Anista, his Queen
as beautiful as ever. She nmVtw -rl
plained to him once more that she meant to
" S00d as the fairy had said she
would be. The King was overjoyed, and
when his friends found them soon after the
entire party went home to the royal castle,
and there was great rejoicing throughout
the land.
Matilda, however, lived with the Queen
Anista lor tfie rest of her days, and noth
ing ever marred the happiness of her existence.
A MUCH PUZZLED TOTEE.
The Queen Calls or the Executioners.
The earth shook, black clouds gathered in
the sky. The flowers in the garden withered
and shriveled up as if the blast from a red
hot furnace had struck them. The rivers
dried up, the water in the wells receded into
the ground, the houses collapsed and. the
walls of the royal castle crumbled into dust
The Queeu stood transfixed at the horror
of this extraordinary spectacle and before
she recovered from its effects, all the people
from the castle, came running into the
garden where the Queen Anista still stood
trembling from head to foot at the deed she
had done. ibe King, who was also In the
crowd, that' had rua away from the col
lapsing walls of the castle, came forward
and touching the Queen by the arm, he
said:
"What has happened?"
"I do not know," she replied.
Then the King, who noticed the dead
body of Matilda and the three executioners,
their swords covered with blood, turned to
them.
"What is the cause of this?" he thundered
at them.
Shaking with fear the tht;ee related that
the Queen ordered them to kill the child,
and that they had obeyed Eer command.
"Why did you have that child killed?"
now asked the King of Anista, his wife.
"Why' Because she annoyed me with
her laughter. I hate to see people happy,
and contented and I will not, permit it-as
lone as I am Queen of this land!
In spite of the monrnfnl situation, the
King laughed as loudly us he could. "But
hile I amthe King ot tbis'iand I want to
e everybody' face merry, and 1 want to
., 'X. ' ' I
He Favored the Australian Ballot Bat For
cat the Feller's Initials.
Boston Times.
It was at leading hotel Yesterday after
noon, and politics was the subject of the
conversation. Politicians were as numerous
as cranberries on Cape Cod and as varied in
sentiments and ideas as the seven mules.
One man in the group said that he was go
ing to vote the Republican ticket; he always
had, and saw no reasons for changing. An
other who was going to vote Ihe
Democratic ballot tried to persuade the
other to vote his way, but without avail.
And so the discussion went on; this opinion
was pitted against that, and that candidate
or party against this. As is usual in such
cases, no one was converted.
In the thick of the wordy war, however, a
man emblematic of the gaunt and spare race
which is the outcome of the, attempt to
make potatoes grow from stones and corn
from swamps, was seen to be an interested
listener. At length he relieved himself to
this extent:
"Waal. I've stood bv mv nartv thrnnol.
J hard winters and good summers, hut this
wiuierj. ve uiaue up my raina to vote the
Australian ballot the "papers are booming
so. Come to think of it, what's that idler's
initials?"
ICOBBISPONDINCI 0! THE DISPATCH.
Paeis, October 11. We are all hoping
the Countess de Civry will win her suit
against the Duke of Cumberland and the
town of Geneva. It will be decided by the
Supreme Court of Brunswick shortly. The
Countess, who is known here in Paris, is
trying to gain a decision that she is really
the daughter of the late Duke of Brunswick.
If she does she will come in for a goodly
portion of the many millions that that miser
able man left behind him. The "Diamond
Duke," as the French used to call him, was
a Guelph, and once stood at the head of the
most illustrious royal house in the world.
"Why, when he was born, in 1804, he had 16
godfathers and godmothers, the representa
tives of all the non-Catholic States of
Europe.
Let me relate you the story, for it is very
interesting. Not long after Prince Metter
nich had put voune Duke Charles where he
belonged, that is to say, on the throne of
Brunswick as an independent sovereign, he
got strange notions about reforms into his
head, and so the man who made and re-made
kings, advised him to travel, to go to Ber
lin, Vienna, Paris, to pay a visit to that old
fat uncle of his, who wore lour waistcoats
and ruled over Great Britain.
They made much ado of "Duke Charles
over in London, and his chief companions
were the Dukes of Clarence and Sussex.
One day he confided a secret to the last
named. He was in love with a yoanc eirl.
beautiful and well-born, Miss Charlotte
Colville, and intended to make her his wife'.
Believing that the King would prevent
his carrying out his wishes, he took Sussex
for ally, and there was
A NOCXUENAIi MAHBIAGE.
Postchaises hurried them to Dover in the
dead of night, and they came in disguise to
Paris to SDend a short honeymoon. In a
few months he took her to Brunswick and
installed her in the Castle of Wendessen.
She had a chamberlain aud ladies of honor,
and lived a life of luxury like some Pompa
dour or a Maintenon. But the union was
never officially proclaimed by the Duke,
and whether they were really married is
something the courts have not yet decided.
However that may be, an infant daughter
was born to them, which was baptized by
the Bishop of the Court with, regal cere
monv, all the grand officers of the Crown
being present, and the Duke's brother stood
as godfather. The onyx ewer used at the
coronation of the kings of Jerusalem,
was brought out for the little child,
and to ier was given the title of Countess
of Colmar. Still he did not recognize
ner omciauy, and, although he showed
affection and solicitude in her cause,
and authorized that she should bear the
ducal arms, he refused all further recogni
tion. .Nevertheless the Baron d'Andlau,
his Chancellor, used to affirm that letters
patent were disposed at the chancellory,
fully establishing the Countess right to be
called his daughter, but, unfortunately,
none of these documents have ever been
found. It is supposed that they were burnt
in the fire that destroyed the palace in Sep
tember, 1830.
Apropos of Andlau he was originally an
underling In the War Office. The man's
name was Bitter; he married the daughter
of Miss Colville's cook, and gained the
Duke's good graces by his mimic talents and
an ability to play the piano. These gifts
rapidly earned him profits and dignities,
and in a few months he was a baron aud the
uuce s cniei and only adviser.
BENOUNCED HIS DATJGHTEB.
Less than Wo years after the birth of the
little Countess of Colmar, Duke Charles,
who was then in Vienna, sent her mother a
message so hopeless, so definite in its denial
of all matrimonial rights, that she left
Brunswick, carrying her daughter with her,
but leaving behind everything that she and
the child owed to the Duke's munificence.
They never saw each other afterward, and
the Dnke, so his family assert, refused al
ways to admit that Charlotte Colville had
ever been his wife. Those, however, who
are fighting to establish the Duke's paterni
ty in this case state that when the child
made her first communion he had her in
scribed as his daughter on the Tegistrv of
the Oratoire, a Protestant church near'the
Louvre here in Paris. Well, about 1844,
when the Countess was 16 or 17 years
of age, she attended the elo
quent conferences of Pere I.amni.:n,
and soon abjured the Protestant religion to
become a Koman Catholic From that pe
riod the Duke closed to her his' purse, as he
had long before closed his heart to her
mother. Notwithstanding this rupture
however, he, three or four years later, gave
his formal consent to the marriage which
the young Countess was about to contract
with M. de Civry, whose mother had cared
for the orphan at her chateau at Eeynel.
Indeed, the Duke was represented at the
nuptial ceremony by one of his chamber
lains, who signed the marriage act, and sent
out the letters of invitation to the sovereign
houses.
Political events, as well as carelessness on
his own Dart, enabled Count de Civry to
lose his fortune in a -few years, and it was
then that the Countess, who" hurl nnxmnrhii.
given birth to six children, applied to her
ducal father for assistance. He refused her
any share whatever in his millions, where
upon she decided on making an appeal to
the courts. The Duke wrote to Berryer, the
illustrious French lawyer, asking him to
undertake his defense, and forwarding with
the commission a retaining fee of 50,000.;
but the famous advocate wrote back at once
saying that if he had defended his Boyal
Highness against the King,of England and
other powerful Princes, it was because he
believed the Duke was right; "but I re-
w usicuujuu to-uay against
and thus leaves the necessary time for the
realization of its wish."
A DISAPPOINTED DUKE.
Apropos ot this Supreme Court of the
Duchy of Brunswick I may add that as soon
at it has passed judgment; in this case, it
will disappear altogether. It is a strange
coincidence that the lastraffair the court has
ever to judge will be. that in" which the last
representative of the once reigning family
of Brunswick is interested, Its powers and
functions are to be transferred to tho Su
preme Court of the Empire that sits at
Leipzig. But to go back to the Duke.
Years ago, when he found that the Bruns
wickers were tired, of him, he loaded 16
wagons full of incalculable treasures and
got away with it to England. But his old
friends in London received him coldly, and
the royal gentleman, wh6 had been his chief
companion as a boy, would, as William IV.,
have nothing to do with him. So he'eame
to Paris, hid: for a while from Louis
Phillippe, who would have had him
escorted to Switzerland, and then, when
the decree of expulsion was revoked he set
tled down in the. famous hotel of the
Champs EIysee, that afterward became
the residence of Queen Christine, of Spain,
and is now the town house of the Duchess
d'Uzes. Those who knew him fairly well,
and who used to be visitors in his princely
mansion, have told me of the man. He was
a little fellow, had false helels inside his
shoes to make himself look taller, and used
to wear wigs of different lengths, so as to ap
pear as if his hair was growing He was a
fine musician and a daring rider, drove
tiger-skinned horses when Louis Phillippe
was on the throne, and rode behind a yellow
team dnring the Empire. He had his box
at the Grand Opera and at the Italiens, and
was at home to men of letters and to musi
cians. He several times drove trotting races
with the Due d'Orleans, but disliked so
much the bourgeoise dynasty, that he made
it a condition they should only salute with
their whips when they met, and he would
never raise his hat to any member of the
then reigning family.
CAPITAL Affl) LABOB.
Trades Union? as a Means of Concili
ating Divergent Interests.
OBJECTS OP ORGANIZED LABOR.
How to Secure the Highest Possible Hates
Of Wages.
BENEFITS OP EIGflT-HOUB SYSTEM
A ROYAL KISEB.
Then he began to grow avaricious and sus
pected everybody. -The mansion in the
Champs Elysees was turned into a veritable
fortress. At the head of his bed was a trap
which opened on a well that reached down
0 yards beneath the cellar, and into this he
could descend his diamonds and valuable
documents at a moment's warning. The cel
lars were as strong as those of the Bank of
France, and in them were iron cases full of
golden guineas bearing the effigies of all the
Brunswickers who had ever reigned in Ep
gland. There were gold pieces of eight gen
erations of dukes, and there were thousands
and thousands of coin bearing his own bust
that were never put into circulation. A se
cret staircase led down to these cellars and
only the Dnke and his chamberlain. Baron
d'Andlau, held keys of the secret doors. The
work of construction was executed by relays
of workmen utterly unknown to each other;
and when the secret was discovered by police
officers called in after a robbery, the Duke
resolved to sell his property. Another thing
impelled him to dispose of his place, and
that was because its number had been altered
from 52 to 78, and of the figure 7 he had a
holy horror.
Strange to relate, a month after the Count
ess de Caumont-Laforce became proprietor
ot tne mansion sne was murdered in it by
one of her servants. It was subsequent to
her assassination that it became the dwelling
of Qneen Christine. Now it is the property
of a noble lady who got her fortune out ot
unampagne, and who was one ot those who
furnished money to General Boulanger. She
lives there when in Paris, but the place
shows little signs ot life, and the massive
gilded gate, which turns on heavy hinges
and which used to bring into action a colos
sal system of gongs and bells, is seldom
thrown open to society.
Heney Haywsb.
SELLING FLOWERS IN NEW I0EK.
A Bmlnc In Which borernl Millions Are
Blade Every Tear.
Brooklyn Eagle.
I have been interesting myself lately in
looking into the subject of the flower trade
in New York, which amounts in cut flowers
alone to something like $3,000,000 annually.
There is an immense trade in them every
morning at the xnirtyiourtn street i erry,
where they are brought in in large quantities,
not only from the large growers, but by far
mers, who sell them in small lots as an ad
dition to their eggs, butter, and vegetables.
The market open nbout 6 and does not close
until nearly 9. AH the street venders get
their supply here, and it is only by going
to the market and watching the extent of
the purchases made by this class of flower
merchants that one realizes what a big bus
iness they do in the aggregate. The men
who sell from a case on'the side-walk buy
the pick of these farm flowers, and those
who vend small bouquets from a small board
take whatjs left
Some lew thrifty housewives who need
flowers for a dinner party or evening fes
tivity come to the market late and can buy
up what hasnot.been disposedjofat rates one
third what they would have to pay at the
florists', for these perishable goods must be
gotten rid of at any price by the farmers,
who have no ice chests in which to store
them. Some of the larger growers prefer
this method ot disposing of their flowers to
pay 'the commissions of the flower brokers,
and many florists buy direct and only send
to the brokers for blossoms when some spe
cial and unexpected order exhausts their
day's stock. The main part of the business
is done by these brokers, why Berve as
middlemen between the growers and the
florists, and some of them have grown rich
on speculations in blossoms.
tWBITTEK FOB THE DISPATCH.
Probably there is no question of more im
portance to the wealth-producing classes of
this country than that of trades unionism.
Trades unions have now become such a sig
nificant factor in the daily transactions of
capital and labor that their policy and aims
are of the very greatestimportance to almost
every citizen in the land. Nowadays trades
unions are so numerous aud so influential
that they can do an exceeding amount of
good or a considerable amount of harm.
This latter statement needs no verification,
as there are, unfortunately, too many in
stances where these unions have brought
about results exactly the opposite of what
was intended. However, that was no fault
of the principle of unionism, but entirely
the fault of tbose who put that principle
into operation and applied it under the cir
cumstances just referred to.
The object of trades unions, is, generally
speaking, all right, but there is such a fear
ful misunderstanding existing as. to what a
trades nnion can and cannot do, that day
after day we read of the most serious and
expensive blunders being made by the con
certed action of workmen. Trade is so dis-.
rupted that the entire community become
the sufferers, the employers and employes
coming in for the larger share. It' is neces
sary then that the true principles of trades
unionism should be clearly understood,
particularly by those who constitute the
rank and file of the unions.
Now, in this short article I shall endeavor
to point out the true economic functions of a
trades union; what it is destined to accom
plish. There are principles which limit the
action of a trades union just as inexorable
as the principles of gravitation.
THE OBIGIK OP TBADES TnjTONS.
First let me give a brief sketch concern
ing the origin of trades unions. Of course,
when using the name trades unions in this
article, I mean all organizations of workmen
that deal with wages. There has been a
long and bitter fight for the right of free
iaoor, and trades unions have evolved from
the victory gained by the masses in that
fight. The liberty oflibor was not recog
nized by either the Greeks or the Bomans.
English and other European kingly powers
denied that liberty, but the right of free
labor and of trades unions has finally been
conceded by a power that cannot be with
stood, viz.: public opinion. Trades unions
had their origin in the old town guilds of
the middle ages. These guilds, or crafts,
were composed of both employers and
employed, but the numbers were extremely
small because industry was almost in its in
fancy then. Jiut tbese guilds mere for the
benefitandprotectionof themembers of those
who composed them, and capital and labor,
it the term can be used, lived together in
harmony. The great object of those guilds
was to protect their particular crafts acraint
the oppressions of the lawless barons. Au
thorities tell us that these town guilds did
many and noble and self-sacrificing deeds
until they had achieved their freedom; but
afterward they sank into a habit of harsh
exclusiveness toward their inferiors. They
oppressed craftsmen and formed themselves
into guilds, which, after a strnggle of cen
turies, overthrow the old town guilds, took
the rule out of their hands, and governed
the towns in their place for many genera
tions.
In these early times very little capital
was required for production, so that there
was hardly any distinction between the
capitalist employer and the hired laborer.
Changes and inventions were few, and every
thing went along smoothly. The craft
guilds fostered honesty of work and broth
erly kindness, they defended the oppressed
and relieved the distress of the unfortunate.
But as time passed on a gigantic trans
formation was in process. Trade became
more complex, and employers became richer.
As their riches increased they ceased to
work with their hands and to associate with
their workmen.
popular in many parts of America. It is
restriction of product pure and simple, and
is indulged in by many unions at present.
That it is economically unsound can be
proven in a word. If all laborers were to
sneceed in halving,, the amount of the utility
they produce,1u a year then a dollar would
be found to have no more value in exchange
than a half dollar had before; and unless
their wages were more than, doubled in
money they would be no better off
than before. The country, however, would
be one-half poorer in useful things. Com
bination merely will not enable trades
unions to arbifrarilv fix the rate of wages.
A veiy prominent authority says: '"The
consent of the employers must be obtained;
and an employer will speedily withdraw
from a business in which ordinary interest
upon capital cannot be obtained, together
with such additional enms as may be neces
sary to insure against exceptional risk in
curred, and to remunerate him for the skill
and the labor bestowed in the management
of the undertaking,"
SUPPLY AND DEMAND.
The principles of supply and demand are
in the long run stronger than any trades
union. This is proven time and time again
when the strongest Unions in the world try
to resist a reduction of wages in a time of
depression. It therefore seems to me that
trades unions can accomplish a very
great amount of good by confining
themselves to legitimate limits,
and fighting against reductions
in wages during a falling market is not a
legitimate object. Unions can do great work
- j.Al1j.iI . 2 ? 4! m 4n Attn AAtWlf4A
of trade and its prospects. Knowledge
gained in this way will enable workmen to
correctly jndge as to the right and wrong
time to demand an advance and to resist a
reduction. In this way a trades union will
enable laborers to secure the highest possi
ble rate of wages.
But one of "the noblest objects of modern
trades unions is that to have the hours of
labor reduced. Trades unions in this State
are working hard in this direction, and their
object is economically sound and morally
good. Political economv does not advocate
an amassing of wealth at the ex
pense oi unman happiness ana moral
and intellectual progress. On this point
I agree with Sir Thomas Brassey, when he
says: "And yet if low wages were a means
to cheap production, which, however. I do
not admit, and if cheapness of production
be the ultimate aim of industry, it is toward I for man but in himself."
such a condition that we ought to desire to
see ourselves reduced. Numbers are, in
deed, a source of strength, but only so when
their reasonable physical wants are sup
plied, and when they have been sufficiently
educated to be enabled to ascend from the
drudgery of their daily life toil to the
nobler concerns of life. It is the lot of man
to labor, but his labor should not be so ex
acting or incessant as to leave him no space
for thought. As Mr. Bagehot savs: 'Re
finement is only possible when leisure is
possible.' To work hard for 16 hours a day
may be good for trade, but not for human
ity." BOS-ALD DUNBAB.
SUNDAY THOUGHTS
-OS-
MORILSZMAMERS
BY A CLEBGYMAN.
IWIUTTMr TOR TOT DI6FATCH.1
Certain philosophers of our day have
undertaken to provide a substitute for
Christianity. The faith of the churches,
they say, is obsolete; it answered very well
for the earlier ages, and for man in a state
of semi-civilization, hut it cannot meet its
modern objectors, it cannot hold rtaown
With science, and it is destined to take its
place with fire-worship and fetishism. The
Bible is a very excellent book,
incongruous and incomplete, to be
sure, but remarkable for literary
qualities, and interesting as a memorial of the
past The Fisher of Galilee was a very good
mac. a teacher nf lrtrnlni- nnwr nnrt nnrltr.
misguided possibly, but nevertheless one ot the
most remarkable characters In history. Ties
very amiable philosophers of the day, barinc
round the folly and futUit j of the effete tradi
tions ot tne churches, are unwilling tbattbelr
lellowmen should be any longer burdened
thereby, and are ready to lead them Up to their
own serene heights of self-complacent pnlloso-Pjy-
This being the dase.lt becomes a matter
pi interest to ascertain what they have to offer
In the place of the faith whose falsity they have
discovered. Doubtless the Christian religion
is still held by very many who find in Jt what
Bn'&.l&n.?!r,aKll,e to De Pace d comfort.
Sustained bylts precepts and promises, many
TV.,,an,?BaTe dled hopefully and tranquilly.
tlzZSt r' ot course, that the masses ot people
Jwif e deluded, bnt it is out of the ques
SS?Jat tB8y can be Persuaded to give np tho
""htbeynow have without adopting some
substitute- It is Interesting, therefore, we say.
to learn what these liberal philosophers b.va
to offer. '
One of theso new lights in formulating the
new creed announces, in the first place, that
the human race is "tossed upon this round ball
of earth naked and shelterless, and sent whirl
ing tbrongb space: why, we don't know, and
wuence we don't knew, arid whither we don't
know." The sole duty of man, as he further
states. Is to "hang together and stand try the
interests Of thfl whnlu hnHv xtqVhi. .rtilTiw
Jtor granted, welcoming all eccentricities ol
opinion, oeueving nothing Decause It Has been
believed for a long time, tolerant of everything
except intolerance, and charitable evi for
that, and objecting to nothing except ill-humor,
discourtesy and insincerity." "There's no help
WHAT LIMITED MEANS.
It Is a Protection to the Investors In Joint
Stock Companies.
Washington Post.
"How often is the word 'limited seen
after the name of many great stock com
panies, but how seldom does the average
reader understand its import," said B. El
wood Kelly, the real estate agent.
"I have been surprised to have people ask
me whether that meant that only a given
quantity of stock could be Issued by the
tompany displaying the word on its pros
pectus." Formerly a member of a stock company
doing business was responsible for the en
tire indebtedness of that company should
SUPEKSTITIONS ON 'CHAKGE.
HOW TO MAKE SHOES LAST WELL.
A Man With A Bobby Tells How He Solved
the Problem.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat.l
1 have only one hobby, and that is shoes,
or rather a peculiar fashion I have of wear
ing them. I used to think that a man got
the best service out of a shoe by putting on
the best pair a shoemaker could make him
and wearing tb.enr' constantly until the
leather gave way somewhere, but I now
think that it is the most extravagant way of
'dressing the ieet I am never without
three or four pairs of shoes in good wrear-
uuic tuuujuou. j. never wear the same
pair two days in succession, and at least
once a month I go over each pair with a
brush dipped in vaseline.
Thus, with three pairs of shoes I give
each pair one day of work and two days or
rest, and the leather hasime to regain its
elasticity and stretch ut the wrinkles
the loot has made. These wrinkles become
breaks in the leather when the shoe is con
tinuously worn. The vaseline is better
than any oil for fine leather. I used to
wear out four pairs of 58 shoes a year, one
at a time. The same number.now lasts me
two years. ,
." . .
fuse." said he.
the Countess de Civrv, your daughter, be
cause you are 100 times wrong;" and here
turned the CO.OOOf. with this letter.
BTJTSQ POB HEE BIETHEIOHT.
hen the Prince was dying at Geneva in
1871, he still refused to recognize his daugh
ter, nor would he see her; and everybody
Knows now, m mo wm, ne aisinnerited all
his natural heirs, and bequeathed his im
mense" fortune to the city of Geneva. It
was then that Countess de Civry, in her
own name and that of her children, recom
menced a series of lawsuits which will so
soon be finished forever. She only claims
that part of the heritage which the French
and Swiss laws always reserve for heirs in a
direct line, and it will be impossible to re
fuse her this portion if she can legally estab
lish that she is the daughter of the Duke of
Brunswick. The case, as it now stands,
reached the Supreme Court the 27th of last
month. The suit this time was brought
against the King of Saxony, Duke of Cum
berland, and the city of Geneva. Dnring
the last day's hearing the Presiding Jndge
at the close said: "On one side we see a
daughter, natural, I hope so, but still a
daughter, who, brought up by her father in
splendor and the promised of a brilliant
future, is to-day. divested unworthilv. and
odiously despoiled; while on the other hand,
are two inheritors by blood; of a, second
generation, I am aware of it, but, neverthe
less, they are heirs; then, a rich citv, which,
to the detriment of this child, has inherited
an immense fortune. The Court before
coming to a decision, which might have
very grave consequences, and in order not
to hurt the feelings of either of the parties,
expresses a wish that an arrangement may
be arrived at, so as to amicably settle this
case in a proper and dignified way, becom
ing to both parties. Consequently, tne
Court postpones pronouncing its decision,
Some ot the Odd Motions Entertained by
Sensible Business Olen.
Ed Lansing In Globe-Democrat.
"I do not befieve that there is a man in
the world absolutely free of superstition,
and right here on 'Change there is as much
of it as anywhere. If a pigeon should fly
into the hall it cannot get out, and men here
aver that the market will not go down until
it is shot, and, being "bears," the execution
of the unfortunate bird is at once ordered.
Others aver that a break in the market al
ways follows spontaneous singing in the pit
There are SO men in the body who will
neither buy nor sell on Friday, and others
that avoid number 13 on a car or invoice as
they would a pestilence.
A cross-eyed man is bad luck, so is shak
ing hands with a man Wearing gloves; a
hunchback is good luck if accidentally
thrown against you, but bad luck if you
purposely rub against him; pick up a hand
ful of wheat and count the grains if an
even number, you. will have good luck, if
odd, you will lose on the day; never permit
a man to present you with a knife, but
rather pay 'him a nickel for it; do not mis-
ta&e a man ana can mm uy we wrong
name, or the market will go against you.
These are a few of the -petty superstitions
which men permit to worry them.
HE GOT THE INTERVIEW.
A Htutllnff Eeporter.Porsnades n Woman
Not to faint.
Chicago Tribune.:
"One of the fnnniest interviews I ever
heard of," said another, "was A 's inter
view with. Mrs. Bawson the day her son shot
"Mr. Bawson. A is an excitable little
fellow, yon know, and he went clear off his
feet when he heard of the shooting; and was
told to get rignc over to tne continental
Hotel and see Mrs. Bawson before she had
time to hear the news from other sources.
He went up to her room about three steps' at
a time and banged on the-door.
" 'Now, Mrs. Bawson,' he cried when she
she opened the door, 'don't faint. For
heaven's sake don't faint, fori want to in
terview you.'
"What's the matter?' she asked ex
citedly. " 'Your son has shot Bawson. Now.don't
faint.
"My God' she cried.
" Here, stop that!' he exclaimed. 'Don't
faiut until I've interviewed you.'
"She didn't and he got his interview."
'' t - '. ai.jiAt.. iHSsisriS
A. SOCIAL SEPABATKW
was the result, and it may safely be said
that that separation, which still exists to
day, has cost the world an amount of wealth
iui uBuuuii uc esuuittieu. j.ne inventions
of the last 100 years have given a very
great impulse to this separation. Speak
ing on this point, Sir Thomas Brassey
said: "When we take into view the great
changes which have been brought about in
the industrial organizations of the world
during the present century the substitution
of steam for manual power and ot machinery
for hand labor, and remember that the re
sources of machinery can be most fully de-
vplrmprl nnlv Trlipn nnnHpil nn n lovrva ...1.
the reasons why workmen have gathered
together in recent times, in numbers so vast
around our industrial centers, are not far to
seek. When operatives have thus been as
sembled together in great numbers under
the same roof, tending the same machine and
working at the same table, is it not natural
nay reasonable that they should confer
and take action together on all questions or
mutual interest? In this most legitimate
manner trades unions have had their
origin."
This, then, is a very brief sketch as to the
origin of trades unions. George Howell, in
his very able book, "The Conflicts of Capi
tal and Labor," has defined that a union is
an association ol workmen, and that its
principal objects are (1) to procure for its
members the best return for their labor in
the shape of higher wages, shorter hours of
labor, and the enforcement of certain re
strictions as to the conditions of employ
ment which conld not be accomplished
except by means of combination; (2) to
provide mutual assurance for the members
by means of pecuniary assistance in case of
sickness, accident, death, out ot work, su
perannuation when disabled by old age,
loss of tools by fire, and emigration. These
objects are such that no fair-minded man
can or will object to; but, as I have already
intimated, very often the wrong means are
used to obtain these objects.
OBJECTS OP TRADES' UNIONS.
The great object of trades' unions has
always been to secure the highest wages
possible. Of course there are other objects,
but this almost at all times seems to be the
leading feature. Now it is the mistaken
notion that thousands of workmen have
about the power of trades' unions as regards
wages that has caused endless trouble and
enormous cost. There has ever been, aud is
to an alarming extent to-day, a pervading
spirit among trades' union to ignore the in
terestof the employers: This antagonism, for
suchit is, to capital is contrary to the spirit of
trades' unionism as it was first understood,
and has done much to retard the .progress of
industrial combination, .a. trades union
will not empower a man to put his hand in
his pocket and get money when none is
there; but it will certainly enable that man,
or men, to get a fair share of what is actually
in existence. As far as trades' unions are
concerned with wages this is all they can
do, and it is very important that this fact be
noted by workmen.
Wages can be increased in two ways, viz.
by increasing the demand for labor or by
checking its supply. -The increase of the
demand may be directly encouraged in two
ways: (1) by inducing those who possess
capital to spend more of it in the purchase
of labor; (2 by indueing those who now
possess no capital to save their mouey and
devote it to the purchase of labor. 'The sup-
all other sources of security fail to satisfy
the demands of creditors. In Scotland
some years ago a bank failed for about a
million dollars. There was but one really
wealthy director' orthat organization and to
him only could the creditors look for the
satisfaction of their demands. He had
practically to pay every cent of the loss.
Snch was the law. Cases of this kind were
quite common, and men of wealth avoided
connections with concerns which they could
not absolutely control, hut in which they
could so easily sink their fortunes.
Then an amendment to the law was made
by limiting the liability of the directors and
stockholders in a concern to the amount they
actually had so invested. The law, in order
to protect those who dealt with companies of
this class, made it obligatory that the word
"limited" should be connected with the
names of such organizations and given equal
publicity with the company's title on all
occasions.
"In England and Scotland this law is
eomplied with very generally, but in the
United States such limitations have become
so widely the rule that it is looked upon as a
matter of course, and only a very few large
concerns are now seen with 'Limited' at
tached to their names, but though compara
tively occasionally used it is sufficient to
puzzle a good many people who read it."
TATTOOING FOE A LIVING.
a, Needle on
An Artist Wbo Work With
Hnmnn Skin.
Brooklyn Standard Union.
What a strange freak is this tattooing
prevalent among sailor men. I was passing
along Boutn street the otner day, and want
ing to get some information on the subject I
made inquiry of several habitues of the
street if they knew where there was a tat-
tooer. I was directed to Souta street near
Old Slip over a liquor store, where I found
a skin artist who had been 20 years in the
business. He says there are more men at
the present time who want pictures tattooed
en arms or breast than ever there were
before. Every day a certain number of
men come into his office, look over
his book of designs and select some
thing to be pricked into their skin. I found
the books well thumbed and the most gaudy
designs had; apparently received the most at
tention. The professor with a needlelike in
strument pricked a small star on my arm
just to show the sensation, which was not
painlui. ne saiu inai sanora ana sporting
men were his" best patrons, though there
were others who came to him. During tne
war he followed the army and made a good
living tattoofng the soldiers.
The professor has a method of taking out
tattoo marks, and a good many call upon
him to have this done,especially where they
have been placed upon the hands. They will
never disappear from wear. The ink used in
tattooing comes in slabs like sticks of tutti
frutti chewing gum, which is dissolved in
water. The instrument for applying it
seemed like a bundle of needles, making a
stick as big round as a pencil.
Here. then, we have the articles of thn ninr
faith. This it Is which is to take the place of
the old and worn-out faith. We have at last a
clear enunciation of tbe new evangel. Let us
look at it for a moment: Instead ot tbe idea ot
a watchful and controlling Providence, caring
even for the sparrow's fall, and providing for
the daily wants ot numberless creatures, we
have a blind Something which is tossing and
whirling the race through space, without re
gard to tho why, wbence-or whither. In place
of the doctrine of the strengthening presence
of God in the heart of man, we have man in his
loneliness, "with no help but in himself." In
place of the two-fold commandment of love to
uou and love to man, we have tbe Imperative
duty of "hanging together" and "objectfiis to 111
humor, discourtesy and Insincerity." Strange,
isn't it, that the churches are not swift to
abandon their battered and threadbare creeds
and take up with a faith which brings so great
comfort and help; which is so cheerful and in
spiring, and Which must make it so easy to face
the duties of this life and the uncertainties of
tbe nextf
It is not our office or aim to enter Into ra.
lieious discussions of any kind. Bat when the
question becomes one between religion and no
religion, between faith and universal skeptic
ism, we cannot refrain from speaking. We de
sire only that the old, simple, comforting faith
may be compared for a moment with this new
creed of the new philosophers, in order that it
may be seem what a dreary and ghastly sub
stitute the latter is for the former.
The Sand and tbe Sea.
A woman came to her minister one day and
set down bef ors him a basket full of sand.
'What is thatr he asked.
"That is me," she replied.
"What do yon mean" he persisted.
"Why, sir," said tbe woaft, "my sins are for
numberlike the sands of the seashore. How
can snen a smner be saved!"
"Attend." answered the minister. "Speed to
the baach yonder and dig: raise a great mound.
Shovel It up .as nigh as ever you can. Thon
stand and watch what the waves will do with
it when tbe tide comes in."
"Ohsir," she cried joyfully, "I see what yon
mean. The mercy of God, tbe work of Christ:
is the ocean that can wash away all my sins."
Strnffallnff to the Uaht.
Tho Sunday school lessons, just now, are con
cerned with the lite of David. "David's life,"
remarks Carlyle, "1 consider to be the truest
emblem ever given of a man's moral progress
and warfare here below. All earnest souls will
ever discover in it tbe faithful strnggle of a
human soul toward what is good and best.
Struggle often baffled, sore baffled, down as
into entire wreck; yet a struggle never end;
ever with tears, repentance and unconquerable
purpose, begun anew. Of all acts, Is not, fdr
man, repentance the most diviner Tbe .dead
liest sin were the supercilious sneer, the con
sciousness of no sin; that is death."
The Bn tier's pall h. s
Spurgeon, the great English preacher, tells a
significant story of an Irishman, from whom he
received, one day, a letter Inclosing 2 for one
or another of his benevolences. Something In
the letter attracted bis attention, aud he wrote
to ask the man why he sent the money. In his
reply the Irishman said that he had been con
verted by reading one of Spurgeons sermons.
He .wished to Serve God in some way. After
thinking it over, he concluded that he conld
not do better than by rilling' the post he occu
pied superlatively well. He was second butler
In a nobleman's house. It was his duty to keep
the silver clean. He did it, cleaning and pol
ishing until every piece shone as If jnst'from
the bands of a silversmith. One day an earl
and Countess dined at his master's. The lady
aDUWU uiu !uuuucum;u ujj but) surer.
"YesJ' said the mistress, "it is always so. Af
ter dinner I will show you tbe rest of It." She
did so. .every dh renectea tne lace like a looking-glass.
The Conntess turned to tae servant,
and asked: "How la tbist"
"Well, mum, yon see X am a Christian," said
be, "and I do tbis as to tbe Lord. I want to be
the best second butler gin the United
Kingdom." "
The earl gave the honest fellow 0, of which
be sent 2 to Spurgeon.
The preacher was so much pleased with this
account, that he summoned tbe man to London
and employed him In Christian work, with
great success.
Moral The road to promotion lies through
faithfulness where we are. It is the Master
himself who declares that he who Is faithful
over a few things shall be made ruler over
many things.
ble time of It, and spend their nreaetb is dedg-'f
lag their oredttors. Is became tiwy taw '
BBotrieaKe c-i aniumeHC
ACHBiSTlAzr.sbou'd be a broad-gasfe :
wide la sympathy, generous la purpose, i
handed In belpf nines. Many peeyle are a1:
even narrow gauge toey run oa ose ran.
IN our best estate, sd in ouf-pazestsacwl
menu, there is sotnemBg-or tae devxlaas'
The germs of tbe worst crimes are in. a aU-j '
i-etns ttunic rrnnrnmiy nr niinn nnminlrr
and moderately of the Highest salatsUfk F.
W.Jioberlson.
when I was 7 years old my mother asked ,
me not to drink, and 1 made a resolution of ab
stinence, which I have never broken. Sbe asked
me not to gamble, and I never have. And sew
wnatever service I have been a We to reader to
my country, or whatever honor I may have
gained. I owe it to my mother. Thomas M.
Benton.
When the absent are spoken of, some wH"
speak gold of them, some silver, seas arse.
some lead, and some always apeak dirt. As a
cat watching for mice does -not leek up tkeegh
an elephant goes by, so they are so basv mess-
.uk .vi ue.H mat mey let great exccnoeoHH
nase them unnoticed. I wHl nnt it I mc
Christian to make beads of others asd-teH tfrem J
oreroayoyaay. l say it U .Bienul. ItjaaJ
want to know how the devil feel, job de kaew ';
. Jim 4 ucu a vne.jjeecner.
Br'er Rabbit a Knowing- VeHew.
Detroit free Press.!
O ver $15,000, OOOhasbeea spent iaAuotraMa'
within the last 15 years in efforts to exser-J
ruinate the rabbit, and late estimates agree "1
mat ne naa aiso aouoiea in numbers darlBC '
this time. When the rabbit strikes a geedj
tnmg ne nates to let go, small as ne ie.
ll.!. '1
IMWH
BfESS5RT3
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ap2-5S
A PERFECT
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A rrarslT VeetMh
ComDonnd that mm).
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mazes pure, riea Mees. .
MEDICAL.
DOCTOR
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the Errors of Youth, PrematareDeeHBe,f
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Health is Weali
CHASING A CAE WITH A CAB.
on the
ply of labor can be limited by refusing to
allow more than a certain number to gain
...... ... j . . .
tneir living dv manual labor, and bv lessen
ing the amount ot utility which,ench laborer
produces in a.year. The last
of increasing wages has at
been a .very popular one, am
jasv4 .' . rfV.
asasv: .4. Aa.ij . s. ,3 AtiTsisil: ?.. .. t . , ,. 4as..3!r)i. wxit. ", , .iit, it. :
rned method
arious times
is to-day very,
The "Novel Spectacle W Itnessed
Streets of Sr. Iionls.
St. Louis Kepubllc;
It is a common enough thing to see pedes
trians run after cars, but it was reserved for
a well-known society gentleman to hire a
cab to overtake a car. The Olive street owl
was hastening westward, at 12:30 o'clock
.Tuesday night and was rolling along down
the hill from Seventeenth street at a lively
rate. When Twentieth street was reached
those on the car platform noticed a cab
dashing down the hill at a furious rate.
The owl car nags werespirited and covered
the next two blocks in fine stvle, but tbe
cab gained and was soon within hailing dis
tance.
"Stop the carl" yelled the cab driver.
"Perhaps there's a murderer or a hlgh
waymau'on the car," suggested someone.
The car was stopped at Twenty-third
street, the cab driver whirled alongside, a
handsome" youngman jumped out, boarded
the car, patd the driver a nickel, and, as the
cab drove offhe remarked:
"Been chasing this' car from 'Eighth
street."
"Blamed ff it isn't Steve Von Phul."
shouted someone.
- "Yes," he went on to explain, "the driver
had a load, so I gave hist a dollar to catch'
this oar-' " - ,y'v '- .
The Beat Work of the Church.
At tbe Triennial Convention of the Spiscooa
Church in New York, the other day, the Mis
sionary .Bishop ol Western Texas made the
most stirring address .that was heard" there.
His name Js J. a. Johnston, and he is a rosy
mile geuueiuaii witu snort cropped wnite nair,
mostache and chin whiskers, and does not look,
as though he could wield so heavy a stick. He
said, among other things:
"We have something better to do, my breth
ren, than tinkering canons and patching the
prayer book. Onr old men should dream
dreams not of corners, trusts, villas on the
Hudson, palaces, falsely called cottages, bv the
sea, and steam yachts on the Sound. They
should be dreaming bow tbe world may be re
claimed for the Redeemer of how it la that
after 18 centuries of the gospel more than two
thirds of tbe human family have not effect
ively beard of Him. Our youngmen should be
dreaming, not how they should accumulate
wealth, dui ot a worm convertea to uoa and
made a fit habitation for tbe Son or God.
"Our ministers should not be crying for soft
places in Eastern communities, butior a chance
to fro to tbe frontier in the Master's work. Fur
ther, ministers, those who call themselves the
ministers oi nun woo saw oi jmraseu: ifle
foxes have boles, and tbe birds of the air have
nests, but tbe Son dt Man hath not where to
lay His head,' should stand in their places and
tell tbe people that they cannot be without
blame if, loaded down with blessings that are
the direct resaltof a Christian civilization, they
shut up their purses to the call of tbe gospeL,
Xros uoriauauuauiju iai.ijriu un mo aiiar
the paltry sum of $3,000,000 a year only, while
spending Jl,500,000,noO on tobacco and Intoxicat
ing drinks.
"Tbe world wants to know that Christianity
is"bot an Impossible code of morals, bnt that it
is the great truth of tbe fatherhood ot Qod and
man's filial relation to Him: that it teaches men
to follow Christ, to imitate Him, to give Huo,
tne loyalty oi tneir ncarts.
, Brief Sermons for Sandfly,
liiKS have no legs to stand on. Warburton.
Fbiends, like' fiddle strings, must not be
screwed too tight. Old Baying.
Dost thou love lifer Then do not squander
time, for that Is the stuff life Is midaot
Franklitv. -
Tuebe is bat one cure for many of ourssekl
evil, and that Is universal housekeeping. Dr.
Holland.
I dottbt whether in these hard tlmea.Xwuuld
give a peck of refuse wheat for all that k
fame ta tae world. Mmund JHttite,
THXmMftwajr Mayaeeftf kma
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