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THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH
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mm AETHM'S LAND.
The Antiquities, Superstitions and
Customs of Cornwall.
A COUHTRY EICH IN LEGENDS.
The Great Work Accomplished by Zealous
Irish Missionaries.
ETIDENCES OP EXTREME AKTIQUITI
rconnxSFOXDKr.ci or tm DisrATcn.
Helston, Coknwai.1., October 3. Sou
vestre, who did so much to preserve the in
teresting traditions and reveal the pleasing
characteristics of the people of Brittany,
aptly says that traditions, if not as true as
facts, are always so as to sentiments. Ap
plying this test to Cornwall, it would prove
the richest, and but partly-worked, field for
the archaeologist and antiquarian of any por
tion of the British Isles. There is abundant
proof that an important commerce existed in
tin between the people of the extreme west
ern Cornish coast and the Phoenicians from
Gadcs, a colony on the western Spanish
coast, more than 1,100 years before the
Christian era; while the most celebrated
British archaeologists believe that Cornwall
was "actually colonized while the rest of the
island was yet a desert, and even the oppo
site continent of Gaul, and the greater part
of Europe, were uninhabited."
Evidences of exceedingly remote pre
historic activities are everywhere apparent
in Western Enriand.and their numbers and
interest increase from the boundaries of
Devon through Cornwall to Land's End.
These consist of cromlechs, those rude forms
of pagan burial memorials scattered with
such profusion throughout Ireland; huge
uninscribed monoliths of such remote age
that their mystery has not yet been un
raveled; duns or forts of tremendous earthen
circles; cliff castles in countless numbers
upon the heights of the overhanging granite
and slate of the sublime Cornish coast; im
mense alignments and avenues of stone
similar to the marvelous stone chevaux de
fnse before miehty Dun jEngus upon lone
ly Aranmore off the western Irish coast;
cave dwellings, the first homes of men; and
the hut an d beehive structures, those tiny
and first examples of architecture illustrat
ing the earliest development in man of
home and the habitation longing and effort
which raised him, in habit, above the wild
beast with which he struggled for mastery.
EXTEEilE AXTIQTJITY.
Indeed, everywhere one may go in Corn
wall are found evidences of that extreme
antiquity which so impresses and at times
appalls the student in Ireland; and coming
to a later period one cannot escape the
proof that the first Celts of Ireland and the
first people of Cornwall were not only of
common stock, but for centuries were, while
pagans, a people of common language, cus
toms and interest. So, too, after the intro
duction of Christianity in Ireland, during
that period ot peerless Christian zeal and
missionary sacrifice, one cannot but become
convinced that Cornwall as a religious de
pendency of Ireland became the seat ot a
wondrously flourishing Christian commu
nity; one which in time even ignored Bo
man tradition and discipline, celebrated
Easter as with the Greeks, and insisted on
its origin as from the patriarchal seat at
Jerusalem.
English eeclesiology and hagiology do
not ltke to admit this; but Yankee as I am
I could show that three-fourths of the oldest
and best known hamlets, towns and places
of antiquated renown in Cornwall, either to
day bear the names of, or originally derived
their names from, the zealous Irish mission
aries who made Cornwall a Christian in
stead of a pagan land.
In the interweaving of Paganism and
Christianity there was undoubtedly large
ecclesiastical sanction entertained toward
many of the superstitious practices of the
Damonians, the ancient Cornish people.
Long isolation from the remainder of pro
gressive England, and the retention of a
distinct language, the Cymric division of
the Celtic, to within but little over a cen
tury since, fostered the clan theory of so
ciety and left countless legends, supersti
tions and customs among this stolid though
singularly impressive and sentimental peo
ple. A LAND OF LEGENDS.
The legends of Cornwall are so strange,
varied and many that an attempt to give
tbe reader of a newspaper article the faint
est idea of their general character cannot be
made. But Cornish fairies may safely be
summarized as the "small people," the
"brownies," the "spriggans," the "buccas,"
or "knockers," and the "pixies," "piskies"
or"pigsies," as the latter are variously
termed. The first are the souls of the Corn
ish folk of thousands of years ago, con
demned to haunt the earth until they are
one by one transformed into ants, when they
will disappear. They are not unfriendly,
are shy and demnre, and have been known
to perform many kindly offices. The
''brownies" are dear, delightful household
elves, happy in all good and sorrowing over
all evil.
The schoolmaster is said to be inimical to
these gentle Cornish sprites and they are
fast disappearing. The "spriggan" is'held
to be the fairy representative ot the olden
giant. He is rude and sometimes vicious.
He haunts the old stone monuments, and if
Cornish peasants are to be believed it is
dangerous ground about these haunts when
the "spriggans" return for their periodic
debauches, when tons of rock are still
bowled through the air, over the beetling
crags, and across the dreary moors.
The "pixy" is a joker and mischief-maker
of the worst sort. He delights in all sorts
of mad pranks, but to his credit, be it said,
like that little green joker of Irish fairy
mythology, the leprechaun, his mischief is
, chiefly expended upon mortals noted for
their neighborhood meannesses, avarice and
greed. The "knockers" have their haunts
exclusively in the mines. Various theories
are advanced as to their origin. They are
souls of "Finicans" (Phoenicians) or Jewish
slaves, or Cornish miners killed in the
mines, with invisible picks and mallets still
Bounding or "knocking" for the best
y "pitches" or lodes. But woe to the miner
pf' who offends them.
COKNISH SUPERSTITIONS.
So alone down this line of Cornish wraith,
mystery and portent come boundless troops
of superstitions. Volumes might be filled
with them. Here are a few: Nobody will
cross Two-Stiles, a lane inCrowan parish,
at night for fear of meeting the devil. A
child "passed through" the body of a live
ash sapling, split near the trunk and held
open for that purpose, will recover from
disease. Bullock calves are still burned in
remote Cornish farming districts to drive
evil spirits from the herds. If you will
walk around the old abandoned tepulcher
in Crowan churchyard nine times, exactly
at midnight, you may meet and make any
sort'of terms desired with the evil one.
There are a score of Holy wells still re
maining in Cornwall whose waters possess
almost miraculous power. 6t Cuthbert's
"Well is sought for the cure of "rickets" in
children, who are bathed in it the first three
Wednesdays In May. No child ever christ
ened in Bedrnth w ell has been hanged.
Bnt the Well of St. Keyne is secretly
sought by many of the Cornish folk for its
5f KAHfAii nf mvinn 4a Aitha tins
extraordinary power of giving to either hus
band or wife, who first drinks of its w
Hence tie old
vaavB
permanent marital mastery,
lines:
If the husband of this gifted well
Shall drink before his wife
A happy man thenceforth is he,
For he shall be master for life.
Bnt If the wife shall drink of It first,
g God help the husband then! eta
w-Xakincoffthehattoamagpiewerdsaway
bad luck. No miner will permit whistling
in a mine, as it offends the "knockers;"
while fishermen would throw a man over
board who would whistle at sea after night
fall. Killing the first butterfly of the season
brings good luck. If the limbs of a corpse
remain flexible, another member ot the de
ceased's family will shortly die.
A CUEIOU8 CURE.
A black cat's tail passed over a child's
sore eyes nine times will effect -a cure. The
croak of a raven over the house bodes death.
Children born in May are May "chets," and
will never have luck. A perjuror will never
again seethe color of sunlight. Amilprive,
or adder-stone, will prove an antidote to the
poison of that reptile. At midnight on
Christmas Eve all the oxen of Cornwall
may be found on their knees in the attitude
of adoration. If one touches a Logan or
rocking stone nine times at midnight,ho
instantly becomes a witch. Iu the fishing
hamlets, if a fish be eaten from "head to
tail," all the fish will be driven from the
coasts. And yon are no true Cornishman
if you will not assert that the shipwrecked
dead "hail" or call aloud their names above
the roaring of the storms along the coast
The entire disappearance of the Cornish
language has occurred since the reign o
Elizabeth. The centennial of the last ser
mon preached in Celtic at Landewedneck
(the white-roofed church of St. "Wednack)
was celebrated in 1878. Even at the begin
ning of this century divers old folks could
be found who were constantly moaning,
"Cornoack ewe all ne cea ver yen poble
younk:" "Cornish is all forgot with the
young people." Consequently the Cornish
dialect is still rich in expressions wholly
without meaning to one unwilling to patient
ly observe, delve and study.
extbaobdhtaet claxxisitness.
Among a people of such antiquity, isola
tion, meager and sharply-defined pursuits
there cannot but be found two striking char
acteristics. One is their extraordinary clan
nishness and loyalty to each other; and the
other, an obstinate clinging to old and
prized customs. The monument to the great
Camden in Westminster Abbey will not
stand so long as his own famous couplet,
written three centuries since,
"By Tre, Ros, Pol. Lan, Caer and Pen,
Yon may Enow the most of Cornish men."
He might also have added, places; for
nine-tenths of the names of Cornish places,
as well as of individuals and families, con
tained, or still contain, these roots and pre
fixes. Tre,answering to the Saxon tun,
means an inclosure; Bos, a heath; Pol, a
pool; Caer, a defended place, and Pen, a
head. All this filtering through antiquity,
and people's folk-lore, in time became some
thing of a shibboleth, shortened finally to
"Tre, Pol and Pen," further intensified and
treasured by the Cornish national toast of,
"Tres, Pols and Pens One and All!"
Tnen to still further intensity the feeling of
national indivisibility, along in the reign of
James IL came the famous ballad of "Tre
lawney," one electrifying quatrain of which
will be roared forth in fireside, social and
political song as long as a Cornish miner,
with a voice, is left "above grass," to do it
The origin of the song was the incarcera
tion and prosecution for seditious libel of
the Archbishop of Canterbury and six
other bishops in 1G88, because they refused
the reading of a royal declaration of indul
gence for liberty of conscience. The good
Bishop Trelawney was one of these offend
ers. He was a Cornishman besides. In
stantly all Cornwall rang with
"And will they scorn Tre, Pol and Pen,
And shall Trelawnev die?
There's twenty thousand underground
AVill know the reason why!"
And this shout of the wild "twenty thou
sand" miners of Cornwall had more to do
than nil else with the acquittal and victori
ous return of Trelawney and his peers.
OLD-TIME CUSTOMS.
With snch loyalty to each other, never
failing of expression at home, and, if possi
ble more admirable and faithful in the
sturdy andprizfeU groups-that may be found
thousands of miles from their loved homes
in the copoer mines ot the Superior region,
in the silver mines of Colorado, or in the
stifling pits of Australia,it is not surprising
that such a people cling tenaciously to the
strangest of olden customs. I would like to
write fully of these: but I have onlv snare
in which to name a few of those which oc
cur to me as the most interesting. In some
districts a pail of cider containing roasted
apples is taken into the orchard and drank
to the good health of the apple trees which
are thus wassailed. On nearly all farms
notice is given that harvest "is ended by
"crying the neck." A small sheaf of the
best heads of wheat is gathered by some old
man, who as he raises it aloft three times,
is greeted by the reapers with great cheers
and jollity, after which some kissing of
the girls and other harmless frolicking are
indulged in.
A comfortable apple market is sustained
on Allen Day before Hallowe'en at St. Ives
from the sale of apples for apple pies to be
hidden under pillows by lads and maidens
on Hallowe'en night.' "Furry Day," or
Flora Day, has for centuries been observed
in this old town by all manner ot musical
frivolities, gathering of flower and fruit
blossoms, and dancing in and out of houses
throughout the entire day and evening, in
which festivity old and young, rich and
poor, alike radiantly join. "Vagrum Fair"
or vagrant fair is a sort of wild midnight
hullabaloo of boys and men with clubs, bells
and whistles, in which traveling wild beast
shows, passing from one town to another
during whitsun' week, are received and es
corted from one hamlet to another; and the
clubs are carefully preserved as trophies of
a sort of defensive and protective idea of
most ancient origin.
May Day, as through other portions of
England, is "watched" for all night and
ushered in with all manner of shrill musi
cal instruments. At St. Ives on Shrove
Tuesday processions of boys demand and
secure pancakes and ha'pennies at all
houses where they may apply; while at
Penzance, and indeed at nearly all villages
of West Cornwall, on the eves "of the festi
vals of St John and St Peter, the ceremony
of lighting fires and carrying torches through
the streets has for centuries been observed
and is unquestionably a remnant of the
pagan Irish la na Bealtina, or the day of
Baal fires, Ed gab L. Wakemajt.
Comets! Corsets! Corsets!
112 styles. Best fitting goods. Every
well-known make. Examine the light
Featherbone, 89c, and Common Sense at fl
our SI Equaline health corset; our 60c, 75c,'
SI corsets; our line of French satin corsets
SI CO to 3 25; the E. & G. corsets, 75c up.
Oar prices always the lowest.
EOSEXBATJM & CO.
All tbe New Shades
In broadcloths going rapidly good values
in these goods, $1 25 and up to finest quali
ties. Jos. Hoene & Co's
Penn Avenue Stores.
Fob Cold Mornings. The most de
lightful thing imaginable for the cold morn
ings is a plate of light, flakey hot cakes
made from Marvin's selt-rising pancake
flour. Get a package from your grocer and
try it TTSSu
Bbatjn's alterative and rheumatic
hitters, purely vegetable. Sold by all drug
gists and Jos. Fleming & Son, cor. Dia
mond and Market sts. tvs
75c. The Public Delighted 75c
With Yeager & Co.'s 75e per dor. cabinet
photos, at 70 Federal street, Allegheny.
Bring the little ones.
All the newest and best makes kid cloves
I 25 per cent cheaper than elsewhere at the
closing out sale of F. Schoenthal, 612 Penn
Time is the trne test F. & V.'b Pilsner
beer grows 'daily in popularity.
SHIRLEY DARE, ?A
,trai tntiances oj out Aoomton gnu
PITTSBTJKG
A SPLENDID FINISH.
The Exposition Started on a Gentle
Canter, bat Ends the Bace
AHEAD OP ALL ITS COMPETITORS.
Crowds Jam the Buildings and Interfere
With Sight Seeing.
THE MUSICAL FEATURES UNEXCELLED
It was supposed that the high-water mark
of Exposition attendance had been reached
on Thursday, when the turnstiles registered
upward of 32,000; but yesterday's attend
ance, although not counted up at a late
hour last evening, was undoubtedly largely
in excess of that of the day before. From
early in the day every foot of space within
the Exposition limits not occupied by ex
hibits was black with humanity and the
crnsh of the day before was repeated. In
dividual movement was utterly out of the
question and the visitor could only go as the
crowd went Many of the visitors yester
day had been there before, but to the vast
majority of those in attendance it was their
first visit Particularly was this the case
with out-of-town visitors, who were there by
the thousand, nearly every community with
in a radius of 200 miles of Pittsburg being
represented.
While the crowd per se interfered to a
certain extent with a satisfactory inspection
of the exhibits, it lent interest to the occa
sion. Large and uncomfortable as it was,
however, it was neither unruly nor ill-tempered.
On the contrary, the best ot order
was maintained throughout the day and
evening, and despite the jostling and crowd
ing, good feeling prevailed everywhere. It
was an interesting sight to watch the great
crowd as it surged first in this direction and
then in that, as though it would sweep
everything before it
An event of the day was the visit of the
Chicago delegation toward evening. They
were escorted by Mayor McCallin, and the
honors of the Exposition Society were done
by President Marvin, Vice President Bind
ley, Secretary Batchelor and several mem
bers of the Board of Directors. After an
informal reception in the office, a tour of
the Exposition was made by the entire
party, in the course of which they expressed
themselves as much surprised: at themacnl
tude of the Exhibition.
PIANOS AND ORGANS.
6, Hamilton, Nor. 91 and 03 Fifth Ave.
' To-night will bring to a clos,e Pittsburg's
great Exposition, which has been to our citi
zens an educational matter in most agreeable
form. People feel that they are to be debarred
now from one of their greatest pleasures; bnt
It may safely be averred that they are grieving
unnecessarily, for has not Hamilton prepared
for them an endless exposition right in the
heart of the city? In an educational sense,
can anyone learn too much of such pianos as
the Decker Bros.' and Knabe's? In every
consignment of the noble Instruments
new Deauties have been developed, new
devices added to these apparently al
ready perfect pieces of mechanism.
As to the pleasurable sensations evoked, what
can surnass the delight given by those noble,
rich, vibrant tones, or the satisfaction in test
ing the marvelously responsive action? Or
gans haye reached a plane heretofore un
dreamed of, take them as you will from the in
valuable Estey, np to the incomparable "Com
bination Cbnrch Organ." Then with the new
departure may be learned (from about Novem
ber 1), what are the chief requisites in a full
brass band, or a symphony orchestra. For
there will be all the horns and reed instru
ments, all the new discoveries to enrich tbe
capabilities of these organizations; all the
violins, violas, 'cellos, donble basses, flutes,saxa.
phones, mandolins.gmtars. banjos, snare.kettle
and bass drums, piccolos, flutes, fifes, cymbals;
bugles, accordions and the rest of the names
familiar to all, from their earliest recollection,
around, about up and down through tbe host
of snch music-producing affairs, to the much
despised, bnt at same time popular, "month
organ." Tbe question may be asked in all fair
ness, Will not all these occupy the mind and
attention, the spare hours, the times for recrea
tion of the visitors to the Exposition? There
can be bnt one answer, and that is "yes," and
it is yes, with a large capital Y. Hamilton's
trade will increase tremendously, for the pub
lic will show him that they have been educated
up to the point of knowing what he is doing for
tbem, and will come to him to gain pleasure and
improvement at the same time.
HOPPER BEOS.' EXPOSITIONS
At the Great Show, nnd at Their Stores,
307 Wood Street.
The characteristic enterprise and energy of
this firm, so delightfully manifested in their
beautiful exhibit in north gallery, is even more
fully emphasized by a visit to their warerooms.
at 307 Wood street They have a wonderful
stock of useful and ornamental things there
that fills the vast floors from the entrance to
the remotest corner of the fourth or upper
story. Tbe variety of beautiful woods, and the
multiplicity of textile fabrics employed in their
upholstering department is astonishing. The
chandeliers, lamps, ranges, stoves, silverware,
clocks, sideboards, library and office outfits,
parlor, dining and bedroom suits, curtains,
portieres, cooking utensils, cribs, cradles, steel
engravings, carpets, xrom velvets to ingrains;
staif and curtain fixtures, oil paintings, photo
gravures,tancy rockers, occasional and all other
sorts of tables, hall furniture, Ice cream
freezers, dinner, tea and chamber sets in beau
tiful china, cutlery, Dagbestan, Smyrna and
fur rugs, glassware in a few words, everything
required in any and every department of a
house. The exhibit has proven (if proof were
necessary) that they understand tbo fitness of
things as to colors and combinations, and tbe
exact style of furniture suited to the style of
the house and its locality, so that buyers are
assured in having their homes arranged by
Hopper Bros. fc Co. that everything will be
iu perfect taste and entirely appropriate.
Among things which deserve special mention
comes the Davis Sewing Machine, for which
this houBe has the exclusive agency for Pitts
burg. It is the best sewing machino ever
made: it does not only every kind of plain
needlework, but the most elaborate and ele
gant fancy work ever shown. It is always In
order, never takes "kinks," so that the oper
ator finds it a pleasure, and not a toil, to use it
with the added satisfaction that his or her
results from this best of mechanisms will bear
tbe closest inspection and criticism. Bear in
mind that this desirable store is at No. 807
Wood street
THE INVALID'S FRIEND.
Stevens' Adjustable Chnlr.
HAHUFACTOBY, 3 SIXTH ST., PITTSBUKO.
So tiresome becomes tbe bed toa sick person,
and a convalescent loathes the idea of lying
down except upon a conch or to loll upon a
chair.
In this condition of affairs one turns with re
lief to the comfort and pleasure afforded by
this inestimable treasure of a possession, viz:
a Stevens chair, which is' susceptible of so
many changes, of being turned Into five differ
ent objects and 20 separate angles. You have
first an easy chair, then a lounge, and, by add
ing board sides, tbe baby has a crib. Then yon
fix it again, and a bed can be made upon its
commodious cushions. Witn its excessive
adaptability, a surgeon's or dentist's chair can
be had. No doctor- should be without these
chairs for bis consulting or operating room.
In previous expositions one of the chief ex.
hibits was tbe Stevens chair. Crowds would
stand entertained by tbe half hour when a deft
operator would go through the rapid perform
ance ot changing this chair into its manyf orms,
aellghtine the people hugely and making them
feel anxiously in their pockets for the neces
sary change to buy one. For when you see Its
advantages you must have it anyway. Even
you go on short commons for a year to compass
the expense. Visitors to the Exposition can
stop on their way down and look at this chair,
which is a "Boss" institution also the exten
sive line of desks for offices and home carried
by Stevens.
PIANOS AND ORGANS.
Mellor Si Hoene, 77 Fifth Avenne.
In days long since passed, people used to
inquire "where shall we go to get the best
pianos and organs?" Not so now; people go un
erringly to Mellor & Hoene's (they all seem to
have learned tbe way), and suit themselves with
jnst what tbey want. It sometimes takes a
good deal of thought before a selection is
made, for where all are so fine It is bard to
determine whether this one and not that one is
tbe very best until another instrument is tried,
and It would seem that something a shade finer
has been discovered, and so on until tbe
buyer Is quite bewildered. Finally something
in a 'peculiarly exauisite tons cannot be
JMisted, and a cowlujioa. ii quickjgj
- , SATURDAY, OCTOBER
reached. Mellor & Hoene not content to
take tbe lead in pianos alone, have put them
selves first and foremost in the organ trade;
they carry an immense stock of these magnifi
cent instruments in quantities to supply even
their immense trade. Among tbe leading
names are to be found the Palace, Chase, Chi
cago Cottage and others; in pianos are tho
prime favorites, thelHardtnans. Krakauer and
several other makes. This firm has made a
specialty of selling on tho rental system, a plan
which enables everyone to have music in their
homes in an easy, convenient manner to the
holders of the purse strings. A cordial invita
tion is given to call and examine this fine
stock, and learn abont the moderate prices
asked for these high class instruments at the
"Palace of Music," No. 77 Fifth avenue.
T. M. LATIMER'S
Carpet Exhibit, North Gallery.
HO. 133 FEDERAL STREET, ALMCIHEST.
An elegant display of carpets and upholstery
attracts the attention of visitors whofcrowd
around it in admiration all day and all evening.
Tbe gallery is a favorite resort, as muslcsounds
best from this point Mr. Latimer has en
sconced himself In this coign of advantage and
visitors improve tbe opportunity afforded them
of amusing their minds, while studying the
practicality ot buying carpets where it is really
to their advantage to do so. Although this
space contains but a few samples drawn from
Mr. Latimer's buge stock. It is suggestive of
profit to all who deal with this bouse; and
after a visit to the exhibit many bie themselves
to the Allegheny emporium, and few fail in re
sisting the temptation offered for investment
where convincing prices appeal so strongly to
their good sense.
In this snace the central object is a pyramid
of silk draperies, arranged over a glass case,
whose front beluga mirror, reflects with truth
fulness the vast panorama of faces sweeping by
the inclosure. Around and about this case is
deployed poles and other draping accessories.
The floor is literally carpeted with rngs and
mats of alt kinds Smyrna, fur, bear, wolf and
lamb skins. Rich lace curtains are draped
upon the window in tbo rear, and panels of
carpets are on eitber side, reachingto the over
hanging canopy above. One of the panels
shows a Blgelow Axminster of choice pattern,
while a Bigelow brussels, equally rich, does
service for the other panel. Other items of
the carpet and upholstery trade are disposed in
graceful manner above the space, forming one
of the prettiest pictures seen in the big build
ing. A UNIQUE EXHIBIT. ' i
Aluminum manufactured by the Pittsburg
Seduction Company.
OFFICE, 95 FIFTH AVSNTJE, FITTSBUBO.
In the gallery, adjoining the Bell Photo
graphic display, is found an illustration of the
value of aluminum for manufacturing pur
poses. On tbe floor are fonnd various specimens
nf different sized ingots and other forms.
Over this stands a showcase containing ingots,
sheets and rods and cards with the printed
address of the company upon them. This is
drawn very thin, measuring but seven ten
thousandths of an inch in thickness. Alumi
num foil is fast replacing silver leaf for signs
and outside decorative work. Several Inter
esting objects in manufactured work are also
within this case, viz: watch cases, spoons and
forks, crumb scrapers, ladles, etc, bright and
beautiful as sterling silver.
While this metal can bo drawn, rolled,
stamped and spun into the thinnest forms, it
still preserves its tenacity; besides, it never
loses its polish. UnliKe silver, it will not
tarnish, and the polished surface will retain
its splendor in spite of atmospheric influences
or chemical contact which turns silver black.
At their office is shown a frame containing
military, secret society and livery buttons
which are as beautiful as silver.
The Pittsburg Reduction Company are work
ing under "The Hall Process," and own the
patents for the United States, Canada and
Europe.
This is the only company in America who re
duce this metal from the natural oxide and
furnish it in a prepared state for the manu
facturer. Their facilities are ample for sup
plying the whole country with this dnctile
material. Aluminum is fast becoming a
favorite substitute for all kinds of purposes
heretofore relegated mostly to silver.
THE THOMPSON-HOCSTON ELECTRIC
LIGHT COUP ANY.
Hashes fc Gawlhrop, Special Agents for
Weitern Pennsylvania and Eaatern Ohio.
OFFICE, EOOM 717, LEWIS BLOCK.
This company has a regular efectnc light
plant in Mechanical nan, near its main en
trance. Ther are coercing the u?sell engine,
of Massilon.O., for 'which they are agents,
which runs the three large dynamos, producing
800 incandescent lights and 30 arc lights. The
Art Gallery is lighted by this system, as well as
25 private exhibits scattered through the main
building and Power Hall. All the wiring for
this service has been done by them; they are
also running all the moving displays in main
building by Billberg electric motors, tbo agency
of which tbey control. The steadiness of their
arc light is remarkable, when it is understood
that theyare running 1,200 candle poweragainst
2,000 candle power ot others. There is a bril
liancy in this light which has occasioned much
comment and tbe interest in their exhibit is
heightened by this fact alone. During the en
gagement of the Thirteenth Regiment Band all
the cannon have been fired by special attach
ments arranged by this firm. Hughes & Qaw
thron give special attention to wiring houses
for incandescent light and electric bell work.
They are practical electricians of long stand
ing, and their work can be relied upon for
efficiency and excellence.
S. S. MARVIN fc CO.,
Liberty Avenne, Between Fourth and Fifth
Streets.
RETAIL STORE, 18 FIFTH AVENUE.
Everybody has seen Marvin's Egyptian
temple in the gallery, and waited patiently for
a chance, amidst the crowd, for a hot pancake.
No such cakes were ever made or more eagerly
sought after by the hosts who have come from
town and country by tbe thousand to see the
Exposition and partake of tbe hospitality of its
President These cakes are made from Mar
vin's self-raising flour. A little book of re
ceipts is given which shows bow many palatable
varieties of cakes, waffles, biscuits, etc, can be
made with this material. Everybody knows
about Marvin's bread, crackers and sweet
cakes, and everybody ought to know about tho
pancakes. Those who go to the Exposition are
bound to know, and they will tell their friends
about it But to those who -are outside this
limit the advice is given not to lose a moment's
time in providing themselves with the material
which produces too best pancakes In the world.
Davis' Purifying and Filtering System,
Found in Mechanical Hall tho most approved
method yet evolved; 75 per cent ot Impurities
are eliminated by mechanical means before tbe
water enters upon the process of filtration, con
sequently less water and time are expended in
cleansing filter. Tbo system is the cheapest,
most efficient and practical known in the his
tory of filtration. A coagnlated device is a
part of each filter, and can be used when water
is very impure. The small filter, 10 inchesblgb,
gives 10 gallons an hour sufficient for a family.
The cylinder is used up to 100,009 gal. capacity;
beyond that point the carved tank, which can
be built side by side like a block of houses with
party walls.
The inventor has experimented two years,
and not a single living microbe has been fonnd
In water filtered by his scientific system. The
manufactory is In Allegheny, Pa.
E. G. Hays & Co., 75 Fifth Avenne.
"This firm of energetic young men has made
a long step in advance," is the popular opinion
of the thousands who have listened to the
beautiful tones of the splendid pianos at their
exhibit in the gallery. It was not only the
merits of the instruments which charmed
visitors, bnt the grace and elegance of thedls
plaV. The young firm are doing a thriving
trade at their store, where they will be glad to
welcome their patrons.
Taylor & Dean, 205 Market St.
Has anyone by mischance failed to see this
substantial and valuable exhibit on main floor?
It would seem impossible, from the crowds ever
gathered about ft, .commenting with such in
telligence upon themerits and absolute neces
sity of having the fire escapes, iron shutters,
Iron stairways, sbown in this most excellent
display, the only one of its kind, be if remem
bered, in the building.
PITTSBURG WATER PROOF CO.,
No. 426 Liberty Avenue.
Manufacturers of water proof horso and
wagon covers, hay covers, tents, and anything
and everything made from canvas.
Large stock always on hand of all weights
and widths of tarpaulin duck.
VISITORS TO THE EXPOSITION
have no doubt noticed the large canopy extend
ing from the main building toMechanical Hall.
This was erected by the old established awning
house of Mamanx x Son, Nos. 637 and 639 Penn
avenue, Pittsburg.
75c Tho Pnbllo Delighted 73c
"With Yeager & Co.'s 75o per doz. cabinet
photos, at 70 Federal street, Allegheny,
firing the little ones.
MRS. FRANK LESHE.k'cl'
talks of flower a political emblemt, and tug-
i25!t2afl?lwror Smfiw,
19, 1889.
A PLOW PATENT SUIT.
A Chicago Millionaire After Three
Pitlsbnrg Steel Firms.
TESTIMONY BEING TAKEN HERE.
Judge White Says Carlisle and Callen
Should he Indicted.
A PEIS0NEE SENT DP FOE TflEEE IEAES
Chicago and Pittsburg attorneys are en
gaged in taking depositions, before Mar
shall H. Eeno, at No. 412 Grant street, in a
patent suit which involves, several thousand
dollars. John Lane, n retired inventor,
manufacturer and millionaire of Chicago,
has brought suit in the United States Cir
cuit Court here against Park Bros. & Co.,
Limited, Graff, Bennett & Co. and Ander
son, Dupny & Co., Pittsburg steel manu
facturers, alleging that they have for years
Infringed on a patent owned by Mr. Lane.
The patent was granted in 1868, and covers
a process for the manufacture of plows and
cultivators. The invention consists in
making the mold boards and shares of plows of
triole-plated steel, that is, with an interior
layer of iron or soft steel and exterior layers
on either side of hard steel.
The plalntlft is represented by&W.Gehr
and C. C. Lintbicum, of Chicago, and George
W. Ackllu, of Pittsburg; the defendants by W.
Bakewell & Sons and James S. Young, of Pitts
burg. It is claimed by the attorneys for the
plaintiff that the process has been for many
years employed by a large number of Pittsburg
manufacturers, but that all except tbe three
Arms against whom suit has been brought have
paid royalties, in large amounts, to Mr. Lane.
The patent has never yet "been tested, because
its validity was not disputed. Tbe nature of
tho evidence now being secured is to show tbe
extent to which tbe process has been made use
of by the defendants. At least two weeks will
be occupied In the examinations, as tbe books
of the defendant firms are being examined
carefully and minutely. The case will proba
bly be argued before the Circuit Court some
time during the winter.
POUTER MUsT ANSWER.
Trncy Held for Manslaughter and Miss WIN
on for Child Murder.
The grand jury yesterday concluded its work
for the term and were discharged by Judge
White. Be complimented tbem on the large
amount of business transacted and their
efficient mode of handling cases.
A. true bill was returned yesterday against
Alderman W. H. Porter for extortion. Alder
man Porter was charged by B. F. Stewart, a bar
ber, with having charged him excessive fees in
a case before him. A true bill was returned
against Thomas Tracey for manslaughter.
Tracey was riding a horse, and. In
pulling it up short, it fell and fa
tally crushed a little girl named
Shannon. Albertina Wilson, of Allegheny,
was indicted for the murder and concealment
of the death of her child. The other true bills
were: Joseph Burns, Thomas Heron, William
Smith, James Burns, Frank Myers, entering a
building with Intent to commit a felony; John
Davis, W. T. Harris, Patrick Heron. G.
Sparmer, L. Schwartzmiller, larceny; Jacob
Brown, larceny by bailee; William Somers, lar
ceny from tbe person; Martin Costello, em
bezzlement; William Ludgate, malicious mis
chief and assanlt and battery: Philip Spieler,
assault and battery: Joseph Fox, Robert
Churchill, T. Driscoll, David Thomas, riot;
William Dean, W. F. Hunter, selling liquor
without a license; Mary Dunlap, selling liquor
in a prohibitory district and on Sunday.
The following bills were ignored: Kate New
man, P. ilcGee, selling liquor without a li
cense; Josephine Edgar,selllng liquor in a local
option district: Pat Cavanaugh, Samuel Hard
ing, assault and battery; Moses Bent, larcony;
William Harvey, fraudulently secreting
property.
HE CHANGED HIS PLEA,
But DTcQnalde Got Three Years for Enler
Injr tt House nt Night Anjhow.
In Criminal Court yesterday John McQualde,
a young man with a sad countenance, pleaded
guilty to entering tbe house of Patrick Ryan,
No. 282 Second avenue, on tbe night of Septem
ber 23 for the purpose of committing a felony.
BqthMr, and Mrs. Eyan testified to having
been awakened and seeing theman in the room.
When asked if he had anything to say Mc
Qualde Btated that Mr. and Mrs. Ryan were
mistaken. He was not the man in the room,
but be was in tbe house. Judge White ad
vised him to withdraw his plea and he did.
District Attorney Porter found, on examina
tion, that McQuaide had served three years in
the penitentiary on the same charge. The
Judge sent him back to bis old habitation for
three years more, remarking that if it wasn't
for liquor tbe Court wouldn't have anything to
do.
ROSE OWNED UP.
Sho Hakes Chorees Against Aldermen
Carlisle and Callen.
Rose Gallagher, who lives at McKee's Rocks,
pleaded guilty to selling liquor without a
license. When called for sentence Mrs. Galla-
her informed the Court that she had twice
een sued for the same offense. Once before
Alderman Carlisle, when she paid Attorney
Edmunson $45 to settle tbe case, and she never
heard of it afterward. Again ebe was sued be
fore Alderman Callen in August last, and she
was informed by tho 'Squire that she could
settle the case for S6S. She paid the 'Squire
$30, all the money she bad, and promised to nay
the rest in time. This story somewhat sur
prised Judge White, who said that both Alder
men Carlisle and Callen should be indicted.
Mrs. Gallagher was allowed to go on the pay
ment of the costs, sentence being suspended.
Llvlna: With Another.
Tho salt of John D. Battles against his wife,
Louisa Battles, for divorce was on trial before
Judge Slagle yesterday. Tbe charges are de
sertion and Infidelity. The testimony adduced
yesterday went to show that the pair resided in
Allegheny, and had four children. Mrs. Bat
tles deserted her husband, and was living with
a man named Faber. Mrs. Sweet, the wife of
a butcher, testified that Faber paid the
butcher bill, and that Mrs. Battles introdnced
herself as Mrs. Faber, saying that he washer
second husband, her first husband being dead.
The case villi be continned on Monday.
To-Dny's Trial List.
Criminal Court Commonwealth vs George
Bnrger, Simon Greenawalt, John Connors,
Charles F. Berger, Alex. Gillespie, Samuel
Maxwell, Patrick McGoff, J. O. B. Sawyer,
Doria Bchardt, Parvls Barley.
What Lawyer Have Done.
Williah Lott for selling liquor without a
license was found guilty.
Fbank Sill and Donab Mignogna, charged
with felonious assanlt on Lawrence O'Toole,
were found not guilty.
The Jury is out in the case of Margaret Mar
tin against Mrs. W. Fidler to recover damages
for furniture broken while being put out of a
house owned by Mrs. Fidler.
J. M. SnALLEyBEKOEK pleaded guilty to
keeping a ferocious dog, which bit a little son
of Mary O'Donnell. The defendant was sen
tenced to pay a fine of 6 cents and costs.
W.CKOiKLSKiplAaded guilty to selling liquor
without license and on Sunday at bis place on
Carson street, Southslde. Ceeielsky was fined
$550 and sent to the workhonse for nine months.
The suit of Anthony Penn against Charles
Lindquist for damages for false arrest, is on
trial before Judge Stowe. Penn was sued by
Lindquist for larceny, but was acquitted. The
parties are residents of Stowe township.
Lawbkhcb O'Toole yesterday entered suit
against W. E. Howley 4 Co. for 81,000 damages.
O'Toole states that Howley & Co. hired from
him a horse and bnggv for the nse of one of
their agents. In crossing the Ft Wayne Rail
road tracks near Woods' Run, tho rig was
struck by a train, the horse killed and tbe
buggy shattered.
TnE County Commissioners yesterday ad
ministered tbe oath to the assessors and
started them on tbelr yearly rounds. They
were advised to pay particular attention to the
personal tax which was amended at tbe last
session of the Legislature, so that If an assessor
makes an Improper return be is liable to a fine
and imprisonment.
TnE suit of Mrs. Catharine Callahan against
Samuel Miller Is on trial before Judge Ewlng.
The case is to recover damages for the death of
Mrs. Callahan's son, who was killed by a scaf
folding at a water tank In Allegheny giving
way. The scaffold was erected by Miller, tbe
contractor, and, it is clalmed,it was constructed
In a negligent manner.
Weak stomacb.BeechanVsPills act Hkemagic
?A?.V fp HcmM DeaatUoI.cofflplezioB.
NOW PIKST
m
V
A Tale of
JB-y 3- -A
Author of "Under Drake's Flag,"
ALL SIGHTS
CHAPTER XIX.
THE IMEE AT CAUSE'S BOLD.
Things went on quietly with Mr. Arm
strong and his daughter after the latter had
dispatched her letter, saying that Buth
Powlett was ready to confess the truth
respecting George Forrester. The excite
ment oi following up the clue was over,
and there was nothing to do until they
heard from Bonald as to how he wished
them to proceed. So one morning Mr.
Armstrong came down and told Mary to
pack up at once and start with him at 12
o'clock for London. "We are getting like
two owls, and must wake ourselves up a
bit." Mary ran down to the mill to say
goodby to Buth, and tell her that she and
her father had to go to London for a short
time. They were ready by tbe time named,
for there was little packing to do, and at 12
o'clock the trap from the Carne's Arms
came up to the door, and took them to the
station. A month was spent In London,
sight-seeing, iiy tbe eud ot that time Dotn
had had enough of theaters aud exhibi
tions, and returned to Carnesford.
"Well, what is the news, neighbor?" Mr.
Armstrong asked, as he entered the snug
gery on the evening of his return.
"There is not much news here," Jacob
Carey said; "there never is much news to
speak of in Carnesford; but they say things
are not going on well up at theiHbld."
"In what way, Mr. Carey?"
"Well, for some time there has been talk:
that the Sqnire is getting strange in his
ways. He was never bright and cheerlul,
like Miss Margaret, but always seemed to
be a-thinking, and as often as not when he
rode through here, would take no more no
tice of you when he passed than if yon
hadn't been near. Still he was wonderfully
fond of books, tbey said, and when a man
takes to books I don't think he is much
MB. CAHNE WAS PACGfO UP AND DOWN
good for anything else; bat ever since Miss
Margaret's death he has been queerer than
before. They said he had a way of
walking about the house all hours
of the night. So it went on until jnst
lately. Now it seems he is worse than ever.
They can hear him talking to himself and
langhing in a way as would make you
creep. Folks say as the Curse of the Carnes
has fallen on him Dad. and that he is as mad
as his grandfather was. The women have all
left except the old cook, who has got a
girl to stay with her. They lock
the door at night, and they have
got the men from the stable to sleep in the
house unknown to the master. One day last
week, when Mr. Carne was ont for the day,
old Hester came Ont and sawthe parson, and
he sent for Dr. Arrowsmith, and they had a
quiet talk over it. Yon see it is a mighty
awkward thing to meddle with. Mr. Carne
has got no relations, so far as is known, ex
cept Mrs. Mervyn and her daughters, who
are away living, I hear, at Hastings, and
Captain Mervyn, who is God knows where.
Of course, he is the heir if the Squire does
not marry and have children, and if he
were here it wonld he his business to Inter
fere and have the Squire looked after, or
shut up, if needs be; but there don't seem
anyone to take the matter up now. The
doctor told Hester that he could do nothing
withont being called in and see for himself
that Mr. Carne was ont ol his mind. The
parson said the only thing she conld do was
to go to Mr. Volkes, the magistrate, and tell
him she thought there was danger of murder
if something wasn't done. Hester has got
plenty of courage, and says that she don't
think there's any danger to her, 'cause the
Squire has known her from the time ne has
known anything."
"I don't know," Mr. Armstrong said,
"mad people are often more dangerous to
those they care for than to strangers. Still,
this is very serioas. From what yon have
told me the madness of the Carnes is always
of a dangerous kind. One thing is quite
evident Captain Mervyn ought to come
back at once. There have been tragedies
enough at Carne's Hold without another."
"Ay, and there will be," put in Beuben
Claphurst, "as long as Carne's Hold stands;
the curse of the Spanish woman rests upon
it,"
"What you say is right enough, Mr. Arm
strong'" Hiram.Powlett agreed. "No doubt
the Miss Mervyn s know where their brother
is, and could let him know; but would he
come back again? I have always said as
how we should never see Captain Mervyn
baok again in these parts until the matter
of Miss Carne's death was cleared up."
Mr. Armstrong sat looking at the fire.
"He must be cot back." he said, "if what
,you say Is trne, and Mr. Carne's going off
his bead. He must ne got Dacir.
Hiram Powlett shook his head.
"He must come back," Mr. Armstrong
repeated, "it's his duty, pleasant or un
pleasant It mar be that he is on his way
.home now; but if not, it wonld hasten him.
ion look surprised, ana no wonder; but I
may now tell yon, what I haven't thought
it necessary to mention to you before mind
yon must promise to keep it to yourself
I met Captain Merryn out at the Cape, and
made his acquaintance there. He was
Eassing under another name, but we got to
e friends, and he told me his story. I have
written to him once or twice since, and I
will write to him and tell im that it he
hasn't already started fob home it'a his
dnty to do so. I suppose it was partly his
talking to me about his place that made me
come here to see yon at first, and then I took
to it."
The surprise of the others at finding that
Mr. Armstrong knew Konald was very
great "I wonder you didn't mention ft
before," Jacob Carey said, giving voice to
the common feeling, "we nave talked about
him so often, and you neversaid a word to
let ns know that you had met him."
"No, and never should have said- a word
but for this. You will understand that
Captain Mervyn wouldn't wast where he
was living Bade a matter of talk;- aa4
though wfiwake'foUine t&e riwy JwdaJ
. JS-- -- T irnrf ("! -'?' "
PUBLISHED.
v-m
Adventure.
?.
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&.Jte
EEexL-ty-;,
.
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'j7' j
"With Clive in India," eta, etc.
;.;
RESERVED.
not know I was coming to Carnesford, and
so didn't ask me nqt to mention it, I con
sider I was bound to him to say nothing
about it. But now that I know he is ur
gently required here I don't see that there's -occasion
any longer to make a secret of the -fact
that he is out in South Africa." --
"Yes, I understand, Mr. Armstrong,"
Hiram Powlett agreed: "naturally when he
told you about himself he did not ask it to
be kept secret, because he did not know you
would meet anyone that knowed him. But
when you did meet such you thought that
it was right to say nothing about it, and I
agree with you; but oi course this matter of
the Squire going queer in his mind makes
all the difference, and I think, as yon says,
Captain Mervyn ought to be fetched home.
When he has seen the Squire is properly
taken care of, he can go away where he v
likes."
"That is so," Jacob Carey agreed. "Mer
yyn ought to know what is doing here, and
if you can write and tell him that he is
wanted you will be doing a good turn for
the Squire as well as for him. And how
was the Captain looking, Mr. Armstrong?"
"He was looking very well when I first
knewhim," Mr. Armstrong replied; "but
when I saw him last he had got hurt in a
brush with the natives, but it was nothing
serious, and he was getting over it.
"The same set as attacked your farm, Mr.
Armstrong, as yon was telling ue abont?"
"I don't suppose it was the same party,
because there were thousands of them scat
tered all over the Colony, burning and
plundering. Captain Mervyn had a narrow "
escape from them, and was lucky in getting
out of it as well as he did."
"They said he was a good fighter," Jacob
Carey put in, "The papers said as he had
done some hard fighting with them Afghans,
and got praised by his general."
"Yes, he's a fine fellow," Mr. Armstrong
said, "and, Ishould say, as brave as a lion."
"Ho signs of the Curse working in himf
Hiram Powlett asked, touching his forehead, '
"Tbey made a lot of it at the trial about bis be
ing related to the Carnes, and about hia being
THE PAEAPET AND TOSSING- HIS AKMfl.
low in spirits sometimes: but I have seen hist
scores of times ride through tbe village when
he was a young chap, and be always looked i
merry and good-tempered." -.
"No," Jlr. Armstrong said, emphatically, ,
"Bonald Mervyn's braiu is as healthy and clear
as that of any man in England. I am quite?
sure that there Is not the slightest touch of the
family malady in him."
Maybe not, maybe not," Reuben Claphurst
said; "the Curse is on the Bold, and he has
nothing to do with tbe Hold yet. If anything
happens to the Squire, and he comes to ne i
master, yon win see it oegm to work, u not is
him. in his children."
"Ood forbid!" Mr. Armstrong said, so earn
estly that his hearers were almost startled.. "I
don't much believe in curses, Mr, Claphurst,
though, of course, I believe in Insanity being
in some instances hereditary; but, at the same
time, If I were Bonald Mervyn and I inherited
Carne's Hold, I would pull the place down'
stone by stone, and not leave a vestige of It
standing. Why, to live in & house like that, la
which so manv tragedies have taken place. Is
enough iu itself to turn a sane man into mad- ,
ness."
"Tnat'sjust how Ishould feel," Hiram Pow.
lettsald. "Now a stranger who looked at the
Hold wonld say what a pleasant, open-looking
house it was; but when yon took, him Inside and
told him what bad happened there, it would be
enongh to give him tbe creeps. I believe it
was being up there that was the beginning of
my daughter's changing so. I never made a
worse job ola thing than I did when I got her
np there as Miss Carne's maid, and yet It was
all for her good. And now. neighbors. It's ay
time to be off. It's a quarter to nine, and that
is Bve mlnntes later than usual."
Mr. Armstrong and Mary sat talkkg until
nearly IL
Mary had not been gone upstairs a minute
when she ran down again from her bedroom,
which was at the back of the house.
"Father, there is light in tbe sky up at the
top of the bill, just where Carne's Hold lies. I
went to the window to draw down the bllads,
and it caught my eye at once."
sir. Armstrong ran ont into the road.
As Mary bad said, there was a glare ot light
over the trees on tba hill, rising sad falling. '
"Snre enough It's a Hre at the Hold," he said,'
as he ran in and canght np bis bat. Thea ha
hurried down the village, knocking at each
door, and shouting: "There is a fire at the
Hold I"
Just as he reached the other end a man oa
horseback- dashed down tbe bill, shouting
"Fire I" It was one of the grooms at the He
"Is it at the house!" Mr. Armstrong asked,
as he drew up for a moment at the inn.
"Yes, it's bursting ont from the lower win
dows; it bas got a big hold. I am. goingto the
station, to telegraph to Plymouth and Exeter
for engines."
"How abont those in the house?" Mr. Arm-, ,
strong asked. ' .
"Some of them got out by the baek way, rnd
m i-nt some of them out bv ladders. Tba
others are seeing to that. They sent me oil at t V I
A minute or two later meu cams watering
down the quiet street at a run, and seme of
tbem overtook Air. Armstrong as ha harried
up the bill.
"Is that you, Mr. Armstrong:" a voles asked
behind him.
"Yes, It's me, Carey."
"1 thought it was," the smith said. "I oaaght
sight of your figure against the light up
there in front. I couldn't help thinking, when
you shouted at my door that there was a Are at,
the Hold.what ve were talking about this even
ing, and yonr saying that if the place was yours
yon wonld pull it down stone by stone. Bat
perhaps we may save it yet. we shall have
a couple of scored men there inafewmla
utes." "I fancy there is not much chance ot that;
Carey. I spoke to the groom as he rods
through, and he tells me that the fire whea ha
came away was bursting from several of the
lower windows; so it bas got ageodaetd,aad
they are not likely to hare mack water
handy."
"No. that's true enough. There's a big well
a hundred feet deep in tbo stable yard, and a
force pump, which takes two men to work; It
supplied the house as well as the stable..
That's the only water there will be. and teat
won't be much good," be added, as,., oa
emerging from the wood they suddenly caught
sight of tbe house. '
From tbe whole of the lower windows ia
front the flames were buriti&g oat
"It's traveled fast," the, smith said. "The
dining room andlrawisg room aad library are
all on flre."
"Yes, that's curious, too," Mr. Armstrong
remarked. "One would have thonirht that it
would have mounted up to tbe nextflaorleafc
before it traveled so far aleagoaalerel. As,
it's going up sow."
Aa he spoke a spout ot light flame suddenly f
appeared through the wtelew over the treat 5
aoor.
WTaat's the ttalrtaM wtaaaw. I saeaafe."
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