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THE1" PITTSBUEG DISPATCH,- "SUNDAY, ' SEPTE:
1889.
MBER- . 22
. THE LIFE OF A RACER.
Some Interesting Facts About
Training of a Turf King.
the
AN EQDINE'S LUXURIOUS LIFE.
Feeding, Grooming, Breaking and Eiding
a Winning Horse.
HANOTER'S EARNINGS FOR HIS OWNERS
IWBITTEX TOR THE DISrATCH.J
O LOXG as a
racer remains
od the turf it
leads a life in
comparison
with which
other quadru
peds have a
mere existence.
Occasionally a
spur is driven
deep into its
flanks, and a
bruising finish
sends it stag
gering, breath
less, under the
wire, but it has
little else to complain about. The blood
that drips down its sides, as its rider weighs
in, is drawn when the horaisas excited as the
jockey, and gives it, probably, as racers
think, no second thought. In all other re
spects, save in the matter of training, its
business in life is to receive the most solicit
ous of attentions. From the time its stable
doorisopened in the morning until it is closed
at nighl the animal is never tree from ob
servation. Its pulse is metaphorically
felt every day. Nothing can happen to it
without provoking critical and immediate
examination. It is not proof against some
cf the ills that human flesh is heir to. Let
it fall a victim to one of them, and half a
dozen men are in prompt consultation on
the subject. Of course the solicitude dis
nlavcd is in DroDortion to the value of the
animal. If it is entered for princely stakes
and is speedy enough to give a good account
of itself in any equine event, the solicitude
develops into something like alarm, and the
flutter runs clear down the liue, from pro
prietor to stable boy. If, on the other hand,
it is of the genus plug, with heavy heels and
a doubt'ul future, diminished concern is
displayed, though nothiug that veterinary
skill can do is left undone.
"Your horses seem to need as much care
as a baby," I said to one of the famous
Dwyer brothers.
"Yes, and they get a great deal more care
than a great many babies," was the
answer.
A KETG OF THE TUBF.
Among the animals to which the Dwyer
stables are indebted for much of the fame
and lortune they enjoy is Hanover. He was
the monarch of his time and is still a formid-
productive, hut iu his third year, however,
the clond lifted and he began to develop
speed.
With brushes and clothes and sponges
came the stable boy, not too long after day
light. A thorough cleansing of the mouth
began the lad's work, and then came
grooming of the most exhaustive character.
Tbis is no nominal operation in a racing
st.ibie. "While he is at work the boy keeps
up a continuous murmur, of which some
conception is given when it is stated that it
is like the last half of the word "hush" in
definitely protracted. Cloth and brush
finally make the steed's coat look like
satin.' If it could take the high polish of a
mirror, the boy would never stop until he
could see a perfect reflection of his own lace
in the horse's glistening sides. Then some
thing resembling a net, intended more for
the discouragement of flies than anvthing
else, is thrown over the horse. In the
meantime the grooming has promoted
a vigorous circulation of the blood, and
when the horse has had a half an hour's
walk without a rider, he is fully ready to
respond to the persuasions of a jockey. The
scene is then transferred to the track. A
limbering up gallop, as leisurely as a gallop
can be, is indulged in, and all is ready for
the final trial of the day. A touch starts
the horse into full activity. He is not com
pletely aroused until a Jew strides will send
him flying past the first turning post. Then
McLaughlin, whose grip of the reins has
been straining the muscles of the wrist.gives
him his head. The effect is instantaneous.
TRISTAN AND ISOLDE.
Superb Performance of Wagner's
Masterpiece at Bayreuth.
LOYE'S 'TRIUMPH OYER DEATH.
US'
4- vf7'XIlrClN'
&VSU
The Tragic Storj of an Irish Princess Told
in Mnsic
A WORK FULL OF DRAMATIC FORCE
fvr
7
SHir w
JllxSflX
f&'JzJ-fvrZ?5j
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wjm. .
J7ie Homing Toilet.
able flyer. His home is near the seaside,
being within shooting distance of Coney
Island. He could not be a more magnifi
cent looking specimen of his species if the
blood of all Arabia coursed through his
veins. Standing nearly 16 hands high, he
is as symmetrical as a model. Lengthy and
well put together, he is big through the re
gion of the heart. His deep chest, tapering
barrel and gigantic shoulders tell of the
powers that are in him. He has good quar
ters, plenty of bone, and, what is more es
sential to success, a fine constitution. The
stable boy has little trouble with his chest
nut coat. Hanover always looks as if he
had just been clipped, th'e hair being re
markably fine and not abundant in growth.
A white streak, broader nearer the ears
than at the nose, adorns his face.
"A good constitution,"said Trainer Frank
McCabe, "is what a horse needs. With that
aud lees that can stand a strain, he is all
right. It is hard to do anything with a del
icate horse. He may be as last as anything
on the track, but you never can be easy
about him. The leaEt little thing will set
him off. and just when you get him back in
condition something disagrees with him and
you have to begin all over again."
Hanover is auything but delicate. Big
boned, but plump enough he was when, in
his second year, a saddle was first strapped
about him. For two or three days imme
diately alter his morning grooming he was
saddled and bridled so that he might become
accustomed to those essentials. For two or
three days more he was led about the
grounds, and then came the time when feet
were in the stirrups and a boy was on his
back. This d sniayed Hanover infinitely
more than he could describe, and
HE PEOTESTED SOMEWHAT.
Hot being very fiery in temperament,
however, he soon submitted to the strange
burden, .troin teal day until months later
the story of his li'e was varied only slightly.
He was walked about a track for an hour
oud taken back to the stable to live iu
usury for the remainder of the day. Soon
the time came when a gentle trot was in
order, and a little later tollowed his natural
nde. xwo montlis alter he Jound a home
with the Dwyers, Hanover was fit for a trial
spin. One of the consequences was that he
was sent to bed supperless the night before,
not even his customary allowance of water
being conceded him.
Hanover's trial spin was a dismal failuie.
He was "sent" at three-eighths of a mile,"
but his achievement gratified nobody. Per
sistent "working" brought about little im
provement. Time wore on, and it became
quite manifest that whatever was in future
lor him as a. 3-year-old, his 2-vear-old his
tory would not be written in very brilliant
characters. He was a promising, sturdy
looking youngster, and the disappointment
was alf the keener on that account. For
tunately lor the Dwyers, however, Tremont
was doing anything hut loilowing in Han
over's ponderous lootsteps. While one was
doing the three-eighths in S9 seconds the
other was cutting his record down to a frac
tion over 36, with 121 pounds up at that
"When a 2-year-old, in the parlance of the'
track, "does it better than 37," he is getting'
to be a very dancerous customer. Tremont
was therefore the consolation oi the Dwyers,
and most adequate consolation he proved to
be. Xearly every big 2-year-old prize of the
vear was at his mercy, so Hanover's in
capacity was not a serious misfortune. It
is worth stating here, in parenthesis, that a
stable without a good 2-year-old is in
A. VEET FOBLOBA CONDITION.
Most of the colossal stakes go to winning
animals of that age, one "event" alone being
worth about 560,000 to the owner. This
year the Dwyers haven't a 2-year-old worth
mentioning in the same breath with 1 Rio
McLaughlin Ready for a Spin.
Strung up to the highest pitch and hitherto
not allowed under any circumstances to
lully extend himself, Hanover is at liberty
at last. The exhibition ends almost as soon
as it begins. Still fightiug for his head, he
is pulled up, and the Dwyers look at their
stop watches. They walk away in silence,
their impassive faces showing no trace of
THE MEASURE THEY CONCEAL.
Hanover goes back to his stable after he
has been kept in motion long enough to
permit his perspiration to evaporate. The
grooming process begins again. When it is
over Hanover is as ripe fur oats and hay as
acy horse that hasn't been starved for a
week can very well be. He was watched
with the eyes of a lynx fer a month before
the second Tuesday of May, 1887. Then the
Carlton stakes were won and lost. The
Dwyers were afraid of nothing but a break
down, and as that did not intervene, Hano
ver's victory was ridiculously easy. Two
days later he captured the Brookdale handi
cap, leaving eight or nine horses behind, and
fighting so fiercely lor his head that Mc
Laughlin's double pull only partially re
strained him. The great Withers stakes went
to the Dwvers in a common canter,and when
the Coney Island Derby proclaimed Hano
ver invincible.be had a lead of not less than
,15 lengths.
"jMtteen lengths to spare was a good deal
too much of course, but it couldn't be
helped," explained Trainer McCabe. "That
was always the trouble with Hanover; you
noror nnlrt 'nliwi li!m
"What do you mean?"
"His speed couldn't be regulated by his
der. McLaughlin would have had to
choke him to keep him back. If he could
have been made to keep the company of the
other horses until near the finish, and then
sent out just enough to win, he would have
ended every race with little wear and tear,
and almost without losing breath, but go he
would for all he was worth, and nothing
could stop him. If we had been able to
save him he would have been king of the
turfyet."
Eighteen successive victories raised Han
over to such a pinnacle that other owners
didn't see the use of running their horses
against him, and the result was that he gen
erally had small fields to dispose of. For
the Lorillard stakes those who backed him
had to pnt up 550 to win SI, and in some
events he was barred in the betting. The
inevitable turn of the tide came, however.
He ran for the Baritan stakes at Monmouthj
and a dismayed and amazed multitude saw
the popular idol fall from its pedestal.
Laggard, belying his name, could not be
overtaken, and the charm was broken.
Other races followed, and victorv alternated
with defeat, Laggard once more flaunting
his winning colors in front, and Firenzi and
Volante leaving behind the pride of the
Dwyer stable.
A. PAYING INVESTMENT.
"He was never the same horse after he
was insured,' "remarked his trainer pathet
ically; "one of his feet troubled him. He
must have been in intense pain, and the onlv
i..t.. uw vuu.u aauu ua uv uuiuing me le
ajmost straight out. You can't get at a horse's
foot inside the hoof, you know, so we had
the foreleg opened. Two little strips of
nerves, not more than an inch and a half in
Protesting Against a Rider.
length, were taken out. The only external
eviaence oi the trouble was a slight enlarge
ment of the hoof. Hanover was entirely re
lieved by the operation so larasthe pain
was concerned, but his almost unchallenged
supremacy was gone. He is liable to break
down at any time."
If the gallant 5-year-old never wins another
race he will leave little behind to find fault
with. His earnings aggregate over $150.-
000. and for stud purposes $25,000 has
already been offered for him. It is not easy
to figure up just how much he has cost the
Dwyers. In the list of expenses must, of
course, be included the pay of the jockey
riding him, but McLaughlin's salarv was
try the year, and rough estimates alone can
be made. The calculation, however, is in
teresting: Profits on Hanover, including winnings
and prospective valu6 for stnd pur
poses '. $175,000
Cost of Hanover, Including -keep, pnr
chase price, pay of Jockey, etc 10000
Bey, Tremont or Chaos, and yet they spent
$50,000 or $60,000 on yearlings So Hanover's
z-jear-old life was industrious and
un-
Het profits S165.000
liEO. F. DOBSON.
Drunken llcga and Cattle.
La Grange (Ga.) Urapnlc.1
Mr. W. B. Bradfield kt week had some
cattle and hogs that wjre somewhat sur
prised after drinking their'fill of sorghum
beer. If they did not "think of their head
in the morning" they had good cause to,
for the hogs were as drunk as lords, and
the fine Jersey bull staggered around the
lo with the uncertain grace of an -old toper, j
ICOKRESrOXDEXCE Or THE DISrA.TCU.1
Bayeeuth, September 3. I have heard
"Tristan and Isolde," Wagner'smost potent
work. The music-drama was given under
the direction of Felix Mottl, of Carlsruhe,
probably the best choice in all Europe.
The assignment of parts was as follows:
Tristan, "Vogl; Isolde, Sucher; Mark, Gura;
Kurtenal, Betz; Melot, Grubb; Brangaene,
Staudigl The St eersman, Dr. Gerhartz; The
Shepherd, Guggenbuhler. I think of all
Wagner's works I had heard previous to
Bayreuth "Tristan" stirred me most "Die
Meistersinger," even in the incomplete
manner iu which it is presented in New
York, is delicious, the "Bing of the Nibe
lung," extraordinary in conception and
execution, is unavoidably diffuse, but
"Tristan" tells swiftly and with powerful
effect its tragic story. The legend which
served Wagner for the poetic basis of this
work is centuries old, and appears on the page
of poet and romancer of generations prior
to the rise of-the Bayreuth prophet. Wag
ner's pen, as was the case with the myth of
the Kibelungen, was given a lasting contri-i
bution to literature while unilying and
fashioning a tale which before had its home
more in the imaginative verse of minstrel
bards than in the strict, coherent and con
vincing mode of the drama.
The story or Wagner's "Tristan" begins
as Tristan, nephew of King Mark of Corn
wall, is journeyiue trom Ireland as escort to
Isolde, an Irish princess who comes to marry
the king. Tristan and Isolde had met be
fore Ireland had been conquered, foi Tristan
when wounded had sought Isolde, who knew
the magic art ot healing, and caring for
him aroused within her the passion of love.
Chagrined that he whom she had learned to
love should appear to her asking her hand
for another, she determined to end her own
existence and his by drinking with him
THE CUP OT EXPIATION
and reconciliation, namely, death. But
Brangaene, Isolde's maid, substitutes for the
intended fatal cup the iove philter, the
draught of lorgetiuiness, thus bringing upon
them the woe Isolde and Tristan, in their
honor, would fain have avoided. In drain
ing the love potion the past is lorgotten,
they become insensible to any existence that
separates them from each other. The funda
mental idea of the drama'is the love potion.
Wagner ends the first act as Tristan
and Isolde are at the height of
their realization of mutual love; the
sailor's glad shouts of "Land hoi"
Brangaene's warnings, pass unheeded,
enraptured in each other's embrace they
are powerless to avert the catastrophe which
now with fast flying wings moves on to a
climax. The thrilling ending ot the first
act of "Tristan," by reason of its dramatic
force and musical impetuousness has no
where been paralleled. The whole of the
second act is one long love duet. Isolde
awaits Tristan's arrival, who comes to her
during the absence of the King, who has
gone to the chase. Isolde is warned by
Brangaene that the cratty and jealous
Melot has planned the hunt in order to in
tercept the lovers, bnt the warning does tot
avail; she extinguishes the flaming totcb,
which is the signal lor Tristan, and as the
music in the orchestra mounts higher and
higher iu passionate language falls into the
arms ol her lover. The great scene that
now ensues I remember my inability to pic
ture after that memorable perlormance in
New York, with Niemann as Tristan and
Lilli Lehmann as Isolde. Words fail as
completely now, not that yesterday's per
formance effaced the earlier oue no, the
first rendering of the wondrous love music
I heard was the greater but because my
absorption in the music acts like a band
upon my tongue. The act ends with dread
portentiousness. The lovers are surprised;
King Mark wounded by what appears to be
Tristan's faithlessness chides him in a lone
and beautiful scene, but Melot challenges
Tristan. They fight, and Tristan falls.
THE THIKD ACT
transpires in Brittany Tristan's ancestral
home, where, attended by the faithful
Kurtenal, the knight has come to die.
Isolde has been sent for; she is expected.
Tristan dreams of her: in his delirium he
sees a ship approach; now the Shepherd,
who has been watching the &ea for sign of a
sail, plays on his pipe a new glad melody,
which tells Kurvenal a ship is approach
ing. Tristan in ecstasy rises to his feet as
Isolde rushes to his arms. Only one word
can he utter: Isolde! Isolde! He dies in
her arms. Isolde lies as King Hark, who
had been made acquainted by Brangaene of
the use of the fatal love potioD, enters,
having followed Tristan to bless and unite
the lovers.
Among Wagner's writings intended for
the theater "Tristan aud Isolde" is dramat
ically pre-eminent; upon the occnlt work
ingsof the love potion revolves an intensely
uiuvmg irageuy. a nave always marveled
that Ludwig Nohl should style "Tristan" as
genial. U.o me the work is a flame, a tor
rent of passion, soothed for the moment by
the delicious sensuousness of the love
music of the second act, only to break
out at the last with absorbing vehemence.
The music of "Tristan and Isolde" and we
have it from Wagner's own lips represents
his most deliberate effort to be his unbridled
self; he discards nttcrlv operatic conventions
giving his entire mind and strength, to
lashioning the new art that burned within
him. The perlect unity which "Tristan"
presents and it must be remembered that
the work antedates the Kibelungen has
not been surpassed by any of the
master's later writipgs, and it may well be
asked if there is elsewhere upon the Wag
ner scroll so beautiful a page as the second
act of "Tristan," one so moving as the
climax of the first act. The third act
dramatically speaking, is very intense, but
altera second hearing of the entire work I
am lccuneu to ininK. mis portion more
strained than any other; but the noble deaih
song of Isolde fully compensates.
A MASTEBlY 1NTERPEETATI01T.
The performance under the fierv vet con-
troled band, of Felix Mottl must be rated
very high. ' He read the great finale of the
first act with masterly skill. No less artis
tic was the entire second act, while the pit
falls which are possible in the third from
the slightest lapse were skillfully avoided.
The orchestra was immensely dramatic, vet
to beautifully controlled that no just criti
cism can be brought against it. As in
"Parsifal" think of the contrasting char
acter of the two works the band did not
engulf or override the voices, the union of
both was preserved, and thus the ideality of
the performance. "Tristan" cannot be
heard to good advantage in a large theater.
Of the artists, first place belongs to Frau
Sucher, whose equal as a dramatic soprano
I have never heard. I could not easily for
get Lehmann, nor was it until the third a'ct
that memory of the great American favorite
in this superb part was effaced. Here
the breadth ot buchers imper
sonation was manifest. I was
not prepared for 'such consummate
acting, such great declamation in such in
tensely expressive singing. Sucher's voice
is not quite the equal of Lehmann's in
quality, but the wear it has suffered is not
worth the mention in view of her extraordi
nary artlstio attainments. Her death sons
was a histrionic triumph. Even habitues
of the Bayreuth theater were unusually
stirred, and at the close of the drama there
was cheering and shouting for lull ten min
utes. The wonderful performance of the
orchestra at this point, subordinated to, yet
supporting the great singer, was of course
recognized by the audience in this spontan
eous and universal demonstration. Equally
fine was Sucher's work in the first act, when
she looked regal. As I have remarked, I
recall Lehmann in the love musio of acttwo
with
THE GREATEST PLEASURE.
Heinrich Vogl has great finish, warmth
and -considerable passion. He is not Nie
mann's equal, though he concentrated all
his power upon the-climactic third act, and
made it very impressive. "Vocally, Vogel
uses a fairly well preserved voice like a
master. His engagement at the Metropoli
tan rtnawA Unnp. "N OTtr Vn.t 3a o mnttPI
UU.C1.I UUUQV, .,.., .LUIS., IS .. 1.
for congratulation. Eminently artistic and r
sympathetic was .crau Btandigrs jru
gacne. She has a lovely voice and pres
ence. The character of 'Kurvenal as Wag
ner drew it is worthy the best artists. Franz
Betz, a deep ba.s, long an admired singer
in Bayreuth, did not altogether dense me.
He drew the trusty servitor ol" Tristan Jess
sympathetically tnan did Bobinson, a-generally
less esteemed artist, who took the
part in tfye New York performance which I
saw. Gura's King Mark leads me to antici
pate some fine singing when he appears as
Sachs in "Die Meistersinger" to-morrow
night.
"Tristan and Isolde" does not particu
larly ux the resources of any stage. The
setting here was at all times appropriate;
thatot the garden scene (the second act)
was exquisite, The chorus iu the first act
sang finely, but it was their grouping and
the arrangement of the tableau, of which
they were a part, that made the most im
pression upon me. During the entr' actes,
and especially at the close of the perform
ance, the audience, metaphorically speak
ing, kissed each other, so delighted was
everybody by what has been pronounced the
grandest per.ormance of "Tristan" heard
here this season. G. H. Wilson.
BELLES WITH MUSCLE.
Bessie Bramble Talks of the Present
Bage for Athletic Sports.
LADIES WHO HUNT, ROW AND SAIL
American Women Emulating Their Bobuat
English Sisters.
CDRI0S1TIES OP SILK SPINNING.
Many Variolic, of Indian Insects That rro
dnco Vnlanble Cocoon.
From a long account that appears in the
Industrie Textile of the treatment of wild
silks (that is, those which are furnished by
silkworms other than .those of the domesti
cated Bombyx mori) iu their native coun
tries; it appears that in India there are no
less than 0 varieties of silk-bearing insects,
the most important of which is called
tussur, that is "the weaver's shuttle," The
caterpillar, like the'moth, is of a great size,
and feeds upon more than 30 species of plants.
The cocoons of the tussur, which make
their appearance twice in the year, are
found attached to the branches of trees in
the jungle in large oval masses. The cater
pillar lives from 30 to 40 days, and then
weaves its .cocoon. In four or six weeks
from tbis time the moth comes out and lays
eggs, from which comes a second generation
ot caterpillars. These wrap themselves in
the cocoon and remain hanging to the trees
thronghont the rainy season that is, for
seven or eight months. The cocoon, which
is about four times the size of that of the
mulberry silkworm, is composed of a
double aud interrupted thread of about
1,400 meters iu length.
The thread is impregnated with uric acid
of sodium, which must be removed by the
aid of an alkaline wash before the thread is
unwound. The tussur is tended with great
care; in fact, lor centuries various religious
usages have been employed in rearing it.
The moth, which is a large insect of a
brownish color, having its wings beautified
by four transparent eves, is venerated, and
may be only approached by people of a cer
tain caste. "Unlike the tussur, which has
been domesticated in. India for some thou
sands of years, the cocoons of the other
species are collected in the jungle. Among
these is the Attacns cynthe.a, which
feeds on the castor oil plant, and of which
the cocoon is white. Other species are the
Antheroea assama and the Cricnla trifeu
estra, which lives on the mangrove trees
and spins a cocoon of a bright golden color.
The most important Chinese species is the
Antheroea pernys, which is cultivated in the
province of Sze-chuan.
Iu China also is found the most beantiful
of all moths, the Attacus altas, which spins
an enormous cocoon, covered at both ends
with a very thick silk, known as Fagara
si ik. xn .Japan are me Ailanthus cater
pillar, and the Tamanai, which till lately
was reserved for the exclnsive use of the
Mikado, and the exportation of the eggs
was an offense punishable with death. At
present attempts are being made to cultivate
this species in France, and it is believed
they will be successful.
BEES8 EEF0EM A HATUBAL .SEQUENCE
WHY THE LEAVES TUEN.
Explanation of the Causes of the Bed and
Golden Glory of Autumn.
Field and Forest.I
"Probably not one person in a thousand
knows why leaves change their color in the
fall," remarked an eminent botanist the
other day. "The common and old-fashioned
idea is that all this red and golden glory we
see now is caused by Irosts. A true and
scientific explanation of the canses of
the coloring of leaves would neces
sitate a long and intricate discus
sion. Stated briefly and in proper
language, those canses are these: The green
matter in the tissue of a leaf is composed of
two colors, red and blue. "When the sap
ceases to flow in the fall and the natural
growth of the tree ceases oxidation of the
tissue takes place. Under certain condi
tions the green of the leaf changes to red,
under different conditions it takes on a yel
low or brown tint The difference in color
is due to the difference in combination of
the original constituents of the green tissue
and to the varying conditions of climate,
exposure and soil. A dry. cold climate
produces more brilliant loliage than one
that is damp and warm. This is the reason
that our American autumns are so much
more gorgeous than those of England.
"There are. .several things about leaves
tnat even science cannot explain. Jb or in
stance, whv one ol two trees growing side by
side, of the same age and having the same
exposure, should take on a brilliant red in
the fall and the other should turn yellow;
or why one branch of a tree should be
highly colored and the rest of the tree have
.ouly yellow tint, are questions that are as
impossible to answer as why one member of
a family should be perfectly healthy and
another sickly. Maples and oaks have the
brightest colors."
AFEA1D TO SPEAK AGAIN.
In
How a Detroit Young Man (Succeeded
Sinking Hlnuelf Rldlcnloua.
Detroit Free l'ress.l '
"There is one young man in Detroit who
will think twice before he speaks after this.
He had been invited to visit at a house
where there was a family of 12 children
whose parents were very proud ot such a
goodly number. A lady a mutual friend
had desired him to meet a young lady in
the family, the sister of the matron who
possessed the dozen olive branches. She did
not, however, statethis fact to the young
man, but invited him to make the call osten
sibly upon the mistress of the house, who
was her relative. In speaking of her the
lady mentioned the fact that she looked
very youthful for her age.
"When they made- their call the yonng
lady relative was in the parlor. Before she
could be introduced the young man bowed
low-to her.
"Have I at last the pleasure," he said
airily."of meeting the mother of 12 chil
dren?" For a moment the young lady was
somewhat embarrassed then she laughed,
but the young man did not stay long. He
was afraid to trust himself to speak again
that evening.
'WSITTZIf roa TBI PISPATCH.1
If the present rage of women for athletic
sports is kept tip for a few years, it is
very plain that the fragility and feebleness
or rather to say delicacy of organization
with which American women have so long
been credited, will speedily disappear. If
the rowing, and hunting, and baseballing,
and walking, and bicycling, and yachting
go ou it will not be long before the women
of this country will become as hearty and
robust as the Boglish women and German
fraus with whom they have so long been
held in sorry contrast, as poor, frail creatures
who grow wrinkled and decrepit at 30, at
which age according to French writers,
who visited this country in the early part of
the century the whole of their personal
charms disappear.
This may have been true then, but who
seeing the girls of to day coming home from
the lakes, the mountains, the seashore and
the rural regions would ever think of set
ting them down as the fair and fragile be
ings so admired and loved by former gener
ations. For, strange to say, it used to be
fashionable for girls to be frail and ethereal.
It was once held to be the nice and proper
thing for them to swoon on all occasions.
To go off in a dead faint gracefully was part
of a pretty girl's business, and even now
Laura Jean jjibbey and other writers of
the romantic school still keep up the "dead
swoon" for the thrilling climaxes of the
startling scenes in which their h.gh-strnug
heroines play leading par;?.
It is still somewhat fashionable to have a
waist in opposition to ihe dictnms of both
nature and art, but with the g owth of taste
for physical culture and athleao sports this
attenuated ideal must in cour-e of time die
out. The hour-glass wsist, the contracted
chest and the weak back cannot be main
tained in face of the intlgoration ana de
velopment that come of fresh air exercise.
good appetite and outdoor sports.
COMFOBT FOE IBS BBETHEEir.
Then, as it follows, trirls cannot play
tennis, or baseball, or row a boat, or sail a
yacht successfully in stiff7 close-fitting cor
sets, therefore the flannel blonse has had to
be evolved, and has been found so comfort
table that many have been induced to leave
off the corset permanently. This fact should
delight the brethren, who are everlastingly
harping about the injuriousness of that
article of feminine wear, and who
look upon the world as going down
to swift destruction because of it.
To hear some of them talk upon the subject
it might be supposed that the women of the
present were deliberately bent on lacing
themselves to death, when the fact is that
never since fashion invented the corset has
there been less of it. The' women of Qaeen
Elizabeth's day were much more strougly
encased and tightly laced in bones and
buckram than those of to-dav. and vet the
most of them lived and loved and had a good '
time generally as then esteemed, while the
pictures of'the grandmothers that have
come down to us plainly show that they
wore stiffer "stays" and laced more rigidly
than do their descendants. The brethren,
therefore, can take comfort in the fact that
the sisters are growing wiser, are improving
upon the manners of the past, and that they
are rising "on stepping stones to higher
things."
Among the women of the British nobility
the latest outdoor amusement is to command
and sail a yacht just as do their husbands
and brothers, and the testimony goes to
show that they do it wonderfully well, and
that they do not hesitate to run races with
the best of them. As accounts 'go, the
ladies indulging in this amusemeut own
their own yachts, steer them themselves,
and, with one hired hand to assist, sail
them in all sorts of weather. In a recent
race all of the boats were steered by ladies.
Among them, as stated, was Mrs. Schenley,
who owns and sails a yacht entitled "The
Thief." This can hardly be the Pittsburg
Mrs. Schenley. By this time she must be
too much of "a dignified dowager to be sail
ing a yacht in a race, and to be attired in a
sailor jacket, with short skirts and trousers,
and a sailor hat covering a closely
"shingled" head. '
THE FASHION JTJOOEBKATJT.
Manifestly long skirts, tight waists and
the regulation fashionable rig of trains and
trimmings must seem doubly irksome "and
trying after the freedom of the short skirt
and trousers of the yachting costumes, but,
as pictured, these last are vastly more
modest than the bathing suits or full dress,
so who knows but that this latest fad of
fashionable women will not lead to the
adoption of a dress combining more freedom
and comfort Mrs. Jenness Miller may
talk on, and demonstrate till she is trrav
the beauties and advantages of her esthetic
cress, but until her ideas are branded as
"the fashion" by the nobility they will
have little or no effect on the majority. If
she could persuade the Princess of "Wales,
or Sara Bernhardt to dress according to her
standards the world would doubtless
fall into it immediately, bnt lacking
leading authority an attempt at dess
reform is as hopeless and useless
asDr. Mary Walker or Bloomerism to
convert the multitude. Fashion is a tyran
nical master of both men and women. If
fashion should decree that men should go
back to the silk and velvet and frills of the
eighteenth century, they would go. In
obedience to her mandate men would wear
the sky-bine coats of Hogarth, the damson
plum ol Goldsmith, the Vandyke lace col
lars and plumes of Charles I, the petticoat
breeches and shoulder cloaks of Charles II,
the red handkerchiefs of the Sans Calotte
of France, or the high collars and strapped
pantaloons of a later period as shown in old
pictures. At present women are iu the
Marie Antoinette, Josephine and Becamier
styles oi the French Bevolution period, and
the lack of ideas in Worth and Bedfern
and the rest ot the authorities on this su
preme matter of fashion is shown by the
fact that to secure changes, variety and
novelty they go back to old pictures, and
revive old styles, rather than tax their
brains to adapt themselves to the age and its
necessities.
HOW FASHIONS ABE STABTED.
Queen Victoria has big leet and is pigeon
toed. These defects are concealed by long
dresses. By her wearing them they were
imposed upon every woman in Christen
dom. The Princess ot Wales has a long,
ugly neck with, as is said, an unsightly
scar thereupon. This, for her, means a
high, close collar, and, as Ipllows, the fash
ion condemns every woman to be swathed
up to her cars, comfortable or uncomfort-
it is gaining great favor as an outdoor game
in England. It is by its lovers looked upon
as a royal game since Charles L and James
IL and other distinguishod personages with
handles to their names played it with great
enthusiasm and delight. "Elish women,
as stated, play it with wonderful skill, and
freatly excite the admiration of the
rethren. This being the case, American
girls may as well get pointers on the game
from the brethren from the land of Burns,
so as to be ready to take a "club," and go in
for "golf." This game is all the more
likely to be popular, since it is adapted to
both old and young, and requires no strenu
ous or continued exertion as do cricket and
base ball.
IiADY BICYCLISTS.
Another form of athletic exercise which
is growing in favor with women is bicycling.
Little of this is seen in Pittsburg, but it
may be attributed to the ill-paved streets
and rough roads all roundabout. In Wash
ington, with its smooth asphaltum streets,
women may be seen flying around on
"Safeties" all over town, and in such num
bers that they have ceased to provoke a
stare or excite remark save from the green
horn visitors, who never in all their "born
days" saw such a sight before. Business
men and business women elide alonsr Penn
sylvania avenue without a thought as to
how they look to the people from the prov
inces, and seem only intent upon "getting
there" as swiftly and directly as possible.
All of this innovation and interest as to
what used to be called "manly exercises" on
the part of women- have a good deal of
meaning to those interested in noting the
manners of the time and the progress of civ
ilization. Some men are becoming alarmed.
They think that women, by engaging in
pursuits and pleasure hitherto held sacred
to men alone, are growing less dependent
and less desirable for wives; that they are
becoming independent rather than sub
servient; that they are showing masculine
vigor rather than 'feminine weakness. But
to the comfort and reassurance of the
brethren, let it be said that all the strength
and vigor that women can acquire by out-,
door air and exercise is for "their ultimate
good. "Men are contrary beings," as Aunt
Hanna has wisely observed. They like
weak, clinging, soft-headed, soft-hearted
women before marriage, but afterward they
demand of them thestrength,theendurance,
the "grit and get up" of a martyr, with the
patience of a saint, the sweetness of an
angel and the wisdom of a sage. What the
timid brethren need to do is simply to recon
cile themselves to
THE 2TET70BDEB OF THINGS,
to change their ideal to let go their pre
conceived notions and keep aoreast of the
spirit of the age. The advancement of
women in these days is something marvel
ous, but all the men have to do to be happy
is to keep right along with them and do
what becomes them to make the crooked
straight and the rough places plain. All of
'this tendency to "athletics" on the part of
women win result in good to mankind.
Men may decry and deride it as "mascu
line" and all that, butt tends to better
health, greater vigor, and, as a consequence,
increased happiness for all.
But strange to say, all this newly devel
oped taste of women for athletic exercise
does not inspire in her any more ardent de
sire to engage in kitchen work than her for
mer occupations of embroidering and cross
stitching. A man will play baseball for a
whole day and never feel half as tired as he
does when invited to bring up a single
bucket of coal. He will Ing around a fish
ing pole and row a boat a whole afternoon
with pleasure, but will think he is killed if
he is asked to do a hand's turn in the house.
And as showing the same human nature, a
woman will sail a yacht, or row a boat or
dance all night, but withal never hankers
to cook a dinner or to clean honse, but
rather yearns for employment that will give
scope to her talents, and perhaps give ade
quate returns in bard cash.
Women are growing stronger in physique
and more independent in mind. Some men
object to this, but what are they going to do
about it? At Martha's Vineyard a woman
has a schooner and makes her living bv
fishing just like a man and why not? if
she likes it A woman in New York keeps
a livery stable out of her sphere of course
but she makes a living and likes it
why not? A woman in Pitts
burg has a real estate business; makes
money at it why not? Two women in
Buffalo gradnated as pharmacists and have
oongnt out a arug store ana are doing a
good business why not? il they like it. A
woman in Massachusetts is assistant engineer
to her husband 'on the steamer Ocean City.
She knows all about the management of
machinery, and can handle an oar or a sail
like an expert why not? if she prefers it
to the drudgery of the kitchen.
Bessie Bbamble.
A DROWSY r.SUBJECT.
Brain Workers and Bervous Peeple
Should Take More Sleep.
IT IS GOOD FOE ALL AILMENTS.
The lonng Folks fieqnire ITore Best Thas
Old Persons; .
BENEFITS OF AN AFTEKH00N
SAP.
v
nrarmit tob tot disfatcr.
Sleep more and you will have less dys
pepsia. Want of sleep, and consequently want of
rest, is the cause of half the ailments of
people of this conntry. The man of busi
ness wants to crowd in the whole day attend
ing to his business, and during the whole of
the night, or best part of the night, in the
fashionable season, he is attending to social
duties. How many of the society women of
this city, and in. fact ot other cities, too,
manage to get along with the little sleep
that they take is a mystery to nearly all the
doctors in the country. They are not sur
prised that society women are glad when
the Lenten season comes along and gives
them a rest from their gayety. Several
doctors who have been talked to recently on
the subject of sleep agree that tbis question
is not given enough consideration. That
people think too little of sleep and are too
ready to cut short their proper allowance.
If they wish to go to some fashionable enter
tainment in the evening .that 'will keep
them out until the early hours of the morn
ing they never think of paying back the.
few hours of sleep that they borrowed in
order to be able to attend to these social fes
tivities. Dr. Sara B. Chase, of New York,
is a great advocate of sleep. She advises all
her patients to sleep more. She prescribes.
sieep ior almost every ailment, ana sne at
tributes, in a great measnre, her health and
strength to the amount of sleep she takes.
Talking recently on the subject she said:
SLEEP POB BBAIN "WOBKEBS.
Some people require more sleep than
others. The more nervous the temperament
the more sleep is required. Sleep is better
than any stimulant. Ti all those who work
mentally would take time in the middle of
the day, say for half an hour, and would ac
custom themselves to go to sleep, tbey would
find that they would wear better, last longer
and do their work much easier. Sleep is a
remedial agent. Brain workers require
more sleep than physical workers. They
should go to sleep at 10 o'clock at night and
should have their breakfast at 8. I don't
know why women should require more
sleep than men. It would, depend a great
deal upon the temperament of the men
and women. Men and women of equal I
temperament snonia, x tninsr, oe satisned
with an equal amount of sleep. I
think there is a great deal of beneht de
rived in sleep obtained before midnight,
very often called beauty sleep. I think
one hour before midnight is equal totwo
hours after midnight. It seems more nat
ural to sleep from 10 o'clock at night than it
does from 2 or 3 o'clock in the morning;
and, as far as I have been able to discover;
the sleep taken before midnight is much
more beneficial and refreshing than sleep
taken from say 3 o'clock until 11 or 12 at
noonT Sleep taken sitting down is belter
than no sleep at all, but it possible sleep
should always be taken with the body in a
reclining position. The room shoufd be
kept at the temperature from 60 to 63
at night I think a cold room is injurious,
and I think a hot room is injurious also.
Duiing the daytime 65 to 70" is a proper
heat to keep the room. Sleep taken im
mediately alter eating in my opinion is
beneficial. The digestive organs seem to do
their work better when perfectly at rest.
We see this illustrated by studying the ani
mals. They always sleep after eating.
0v nnft o nwwivw i
-B-P ---'---------t T ----- A4bab'
bast, healthy bus, wfce 1mm ptontr -fT -
door exerebe, sbo-ld be MBteat wf U
hours sleep. Anervoo. maa wImTIs -fined
to his oftee daring the day, or a m&i
who h a great deal of brain work to dkv.,
will require aiae or perhaps tea -?
sleep. The tea pers tare of the reoa shesJI
be kept at about 09 degrees.
BEST FOB THE BRAUT.
Xhe brain is only at rest whea nlniinc
and a man who has a 'xreat deal of ttafc
work requires a great deal of rest far tint
Brain. He saould always, tbat is il point
hie, takea short sap darise the aftoraooa.
He will feel considerably refresh, arte d
ing so, and bo able- topo afcoat hts wotk
with a great deal more vigor. A bmh who
has a great deal of 1 Horary or braia wotk
to do will find that be oaa derive a grK
deal of benefit if, during the daytiaH at 'va
rious odd intervals, he will take a Bap, af
fire or tea minutes. A maa caaast w oak
his brain loag. Oaly fer two or taoe"hiBar
at the outside. And at the eal'ot taoaa
short periods he will Sad .that ho waa
greatly refreshed and rested by taksae
one of these short naps. Sleep ahoaid aoi
be taken immediately after sating. Oh
should rest quietly for half aa hesr, or pet- t
haps an hoar, bat aoti sleep. "Whoa ea 'r
sleeps, the organs of the body, parttsalnrl
the digestive organs, do not perfora their
proper functions. la plain wr-j wheat
sleep comes oyer the body, they all lake -a,
rest. It is not well, though, te go s afeea
feeling hungry. If one teels haacry at Bed
time, some light repast should he lakea be
fore retiring. I think, that a maa sbeaM.
sleep just when he feels sleepy; exeeat.w
mediately after eating. If it fs'aot a good
thing to sleep when oae feels sleecty, -why
does one feel sleeDV? I think aka t-nric
is a good thiag to eat when oae feels ,ha
gry, in addition to the regular bmbss. .1
-on i sznow inat women require mr
than men. They have more adTaa
usually of taking sleep, aad she-id alt
a nap in the afternoon."
PUBLISBING DEAD HATi.
A Clot-Ier. Method of Gettloc Era '
Nn-Pajlna Cnatosiers.'
Chicago Uerald.l
Sam Brown, the Dearborn street a
and gents' farnisher, created a sea
yesterday. He saspeaded ia his.
dow a pair of plaid panto: aad
them with many placard. Oae of the
read like this: "Why do the nmrsaay
not jump ob the dead beats as they" da oa1
gamblers?" A business card was yia-i-U
on each leg. One card was that of w
estate man and the other that of a
On the real estate man's leg was a
reading: "This man ordered this
pants and never called for thesa."
Od the broker's lee waa this: "Than
received a similar pair of peats aaJHi
away with the boodle. Abowot
read: "Publish the dead beaks
benefit of the other tailors," or luaniPst mi
to the same effect. All day leas; t-asaWJ;
play attracted the attention of paw -af
ana at no ume were mere less, waa a
people out in front studying the l
Many and varied were the eossa
.1 I T 1 iL.J
uie cruwu on jur. orowa s -reiaoti of (1
ing people into a settlement, eat
S ' V'
1 n.
one nni versa! verdict, aad that waca -ApKi
man who wonld contract for a pair of pa-Mfcl
oi 8ucn a pattern, ougac eertaiaty w Be
published. The plaid employ ed Jst:" aha
design ot the cloth could fee
blocks away.
DETT-fi STEAMBOATS WAITCW.
A CAUSE OP DYSPEPSIA.
"I think want of sleep is the cause
of
up t
ible,
Contentment Found at Last.
A certain old lady, who had been famed
for sour looks and not very sweet words
touching the various accidents of lite, was
observed to have suddenly become very
amiable. "What happy change has come
over you?" sa'd a neighbor. "Why," re
plied the transformed, "to tell you the
truth I have been nil my life striving for a
contented mlnd.-aud I have finally made up
my mind to sit down contented without it"
able, and as one sheep follows another over
the leuce, so every woman follows the style
set oy Alexandra. What tools women are,
to be sure. But what better are men? Even
the statesman of Hominy Hill surrendered
to the fashion of a dress coat after holding
out tor years agafhst it.
'New customs, though they be never so ridic-
ulous,
Nay, let them be unmanly, yet are followed,"
was true in Shakespeare's time as it is to
day. But not only are English women taking
to yachting and rowing and racing, but they
are giving the game of lawn tenuis with all
of its picturesque and esthetic accompani
ments the go by, and are going in for
'"cricket" and "goll" like their brothers.
American women, as is altogether likely,
will follow suit, as anything goes that is
English, you know. Another summer will,
therefore, probably show onr girls armed
with "bats" and "clubs" rather than tennis
rackets or croquet mallets. Oolf is an an
cient game, hitherto supposed to be held
sacred to the Scotch, but, as go ihe accounts,
THE OLD CLOTHES BUSINESS.
One Eneaced In It Tells of HU methods and
His Gains and Louses.
"My business puzzles everybody out of it
and nobody in it," said an old clothes
buyer to a Globe-Democrat reporter. '! buy
my clothes in St. Louis, brighten them np
here and sell them in towns in Texas. I
make most of my money at the beginning of
the winter and spring. I have friends among
servants in boarding houses, and I get most
of my clothes there. Alter I have visited
the room of one yonng man in a house and
bought the suit he is about to cast off I am
pretty sure to get all the clothes of the other
fellows there. I do no shop business at all.
Waiting foe people to call on me is too
slow. 1 spend most of my time walking
around the residence streets, and finding out
new places where a nnmber of yodbg men
live.
"I pay abont 10 per cent on the first cost
of a tailor-made suit that is whole and about
four months worn, and alter a little fixing
up I sell it for over 50 per -cent of the cost
to men in'the Southwest who don't care for
the style of a garment so the fit is good and
the cloth is pretty. Overcoats I rarely buy
they are too cheap, and young men don't
like to sell a good overcoat outright. If
they get hard up, they prefer to pawn it.
It's a perfectly safe business, and as I can
turn over my money about three times a
year, I really get compound interest out
of it."
A STAMPEDE OF EELS.
Borne ol Them Traversed 300 Feet on Dry
Land In a Panic.
Youth's Companion.
It was once my good fortune to witness a
stampede of eels. A certain pond on the
Maine coast was fed by a brook, but at high
water the ocean flowed in, so that it might
be said to be salt at high tide, and fresh or
brackish at low tide.
The conditions seemed to be particularly
favorable for the propagation of eels, and
the muddy bottom was fairly alive with
them, many of them of large size. As the
tide ebbed many eels went into salt water.
One eyening I had occasion to cross the
creek with a,friend just at nightlall. The
little brook had dwindled down to a mere
stream, a foot or so wide, and as we stepped
over, it was seen to be black with eels. My
companion inadvertently stepped in among
them, and at the instant the living river
broke and a remarkable stampede oc
curred. Hundreds of forms, ranging from two to
three or more feet in length, broke away
and dashed over the dry but slippery beach,
covering it in every direction with a wrig
gling mass of eel life. The terrified ani
mals dashed up toward the shore and in
every direction, though ultimately turning
and making for the distant water. Some of
them traversed, to reach it, over 300 feet of
dry land.
Not What lie Used to be,
Scottish America-.!
A correspondent in a Scotch paper tells a
good story of Principal Caird. He remarked
to a stranger who visited his seat in church
oue day when the Principal was preaching,
that the eloanent divine showed uo signs of
falling off. "Na, na," was the reply, "he's
jio what he was. 1 ve seen him wr the
foam fair fieein' frae his mooth."
nearly all the dyspepsia, nervousness and
mental prostration that we find so much of
in tbis country nowadays. Dyspepsia is
not caused so much by the food that is eaten
as by the want of sjeep and rest to the
nerves. The more excitement and more
worry one has the more sleep is required.
Sleep is the only perfect rest for the brain
and heart. Frequently, when I have had
some great strain to "go through, perhaps
some important operation to perform, or
some hard lecture to deliver, I reffesh my
self a great deal by taking five or (en min
utes sleep. Very often, though, daring that
five or ten minutes I will wake up and look
a,t my watch every minute, and sttll at the
end of the time I feel I have derived a great
benefit from that few minntes during which
my mind and nerves were at perfect rest."
Dr. John T. Kagle, of the New Yqrk
Burean of Vital Statistics, is a great advo
cate or sleep; bnt be does not think so mnch
of sleep as Dr. Sara Chase does. Talking
recently on the subject of sleep he said:
"A healthyperson should take from seven
to eight hours sleep out of the 24. Ton
hear of some men iu the world who claim to
have gone through life with only foot, five
or six hours sleep. Napoleon was one of
these men. It is said that he had but five
hours sleep everyday. He took that sleep
at varions times, when he felt he needed it,
and would instruct one of his servants to
wake him up when the five- hours had
elapsed. Such men are exceptions to the
general rule and are not often met with.
The best hours to take that sleep are from 11
o'clock at night until about 7 the next
morning. Brain-workers require more
sleep than physical workers. Their
brain requires a - rest whieh it can
only get well during sleep. I don't know
why women shonld require more sleep than
men. Some say they do. Generally speak
ing, they have less care.less mental trouble,
devote a great deal of their time to parties.
balls, operas and receptions, and shonld not
ittuub -- iuuw-i aikbu --i t uiau nuu Hft-1
business cares and the thoughts of having to
provide for a family on his mind all the
time. It think, though, that a woman re
quires as much sleep as a man,and a woman
who has plenty of brain work would reqnire
more rest and sliep than one who has noth
ing to do all day but think ot pleasnre.
This rule, ot course, applies to women who
are employed in business in this city every
day. f
THE BEAOTT SLEEP.
"Sleep taken in the afternoon is beneficial.
It acts as a stimulant. Alter oue has been
working and worrying for ' several hours
during the morning, 40 winks taken in the
afternoon seems to revive one. Women
claim that a few moments sleep taken at odd
intervals during the day preserves youth
and beauty. It certainly rests the muscles
of the face, and rests the working of the
brain, which is so telling on youth. Sleep
taken before midnight, usually termed
"beauty sleep," is not particularly bene
ficial any more than sleep taken at any
other time. Sleep, of course, is more bene
ficial when taken during the hours ol dark
ness; one doe3 nofeseem to be able to rest
when the sun is shining brightly in the
windows. At least I can't. I don't know
that sleeping immediately after eating is
particularly good. Sometimes eating will
make one sleep, and then a few moments
sleep is refreshing. Sleep taken while in a
sitting position is beneficial. It is a rest.
Some people who are suffering from heart
disease never sleep except when sitting
down. .They can't lie down. The temper
ature of a sleeping apartment should be
about 65. It should be thoroughly well
venuiaieu, ana a person . sleeping shonld
keep the feet warm and the head cool."
. Dr. Alexander Lambeth, House Surgeon
at Belle vue Hospital, said:
"The great mistake people make in sleep
ing is, that they take sleep irregularly, and
they have the temperature ot the room
much too hot. One of the great secrets ot
the success of a healthy person is the regu
larity with which he does everything. One
should eat regularly, work regularly, exer
cise regularly and sleep regularly. The
best time to take sleeD is from 10 o'clock at
night, and the length of time occupied in f
Little -mproTeaieBt ia River Cratt
the Last 30 Tears. ''.
St. Lonli Globe-Democrat. , JJ.
It is high time someone she-M taWi
some radical improvement or iaaovatHsi i
the construction ot steamboats. fce. hesi
that are being: built now are aaojiyeH
same form, have the, same style of maehifrs-ja
auu are lurmaiieu very mac a la HKl
style as the boats of 40 or 50 years age. '
improvements .have been made ia
cars and equipments, aad ia all o
chinery that comes in general ase, hat-stl
me line ot steamooats tee ott pJaas -4 aa-g
purtenances are still adhered to. It is saw!
that the steamboat business of the Missis
sippi Valley is playing oat. aad it is
that the best-managed lines of boats are aet
making any money, while many oCthems
operating at a loss.
I think that the ancient plaM of taOefehV .
steamboats are susceptible of befeg ies-; ;
Tiroved upon the same as other aseaas oi? '
A- AH A1 AB i M rfl 1 F 1 - --VJ- . 4 ft -a -fc-fc - m - - i '
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tent the easiness might still be made prosit
able. There are numerous tows a
sections of the conntry along the rlvoM MHq
largely dependent upon the river ferteans j
portation of produce and supplies.. Thai
tendency nowadays is to build s4eaM
too large. Large boats are sore expnaiwa
to operate than smaller boats, are of
speed, and in the event of low water
useless.
A JUKI F0U5D 15 TJSH SINUTJtfj
Vexations Delays and Challenges AleSeetJ
Unknown In theEngllih Coarts.
English Lawyer In Globe-Democrat. 1
In one respect England is ahead '.of!
America in Criminal Court procedure. '
refer to the selection of juries, and ti
Cronin case is a good instance of the troab&J
which results trom the abase ot the chal
lenging privilege. I attended courts la '
London and the assize towas pretty regu-
larly for nearly 20 y ears, aud can only re
member one case in which it took more thaa
ten minntes to secure a jury., Thea there
were only nine jurors ia attendance, aad.
the Judge, Baron Bramwell, fined the ab
sentees $250 each, and while he was bayise;
the hues recorded the Shena secured three;
substitutes. Such a thing as challeagiajai
inror is almost unheard of. 'i -
InJfeJh A1 AJm Waw m AkaHJ T J
sboplilting protested against the brother of
the prosecutor serving on the jury. His
protest was overruled, the trial proceeded
and the verdict was "not guilty." 0ta
reason why juries are so easily obtained, is
that papers never comment on cases that an
sub judice;they may report facts, bat if.
they express an opinion as to the gailtor J
innocence ot a person nnder arrest, the l
lishersAnay be fined for contempt of eer2
Of late years, however, greater latitude haall
been allowed, and' comment freqaatly.
passes nncnaiiengea. .- ass
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