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10
"Good heavensl" the young man said
"this is dreadful; they had a thousand times
better have been shot with their friends.
What's to be done, Sergeant?"
"I don't, know," Eonald said, "I can't
think yet. At any rate, instead of waiting
till the men with the wagons come back, I
will pnsh straight on out oi the wood, and
will then send the rest of them back at full
gallop to meet you, then you can all come
on together. I think you said you would
take command of the party going back with
the wagons."
The two trains were at once set in motion.
Eonald's party met with no further inter
ruption until they were clear of the bush.
As soon as he was well away from it, he
' sent back the Eifles to join the other party,
and return with them through the forest.
He went on for half a mile further, then
halted the wagons and dismounted.
Mr. Armstrong had been placed in one of
the wagons going up the country, as they
were nearer to a town that way than to Port
Elizabeth; besides Eonald knew that if Mr.
Armstrong recovered consciousness, he
would for many reasons prefer being up the
country. Eonald walked up ,and down,
restless and excited, meditating what step
he had best take, for he was determined in
come way or other he would attempt to
rescue Mary Armstrong from the hands of
the natives. Presently the head man of the
Fingoes came up to him, and said, in a
mixture of English and his own tongue:
"My white friend is troubled, can Kreta
help him?"
"I am troubled, terribly troubled, Kreta.
One of the white ladies who has been car
ried off by the Kaffirs is a friend of mine.
I must get her out of their hands."
Kreta looked grave.
"Difficult thing that,sir. irgo Into bush
get chopped to pieces."
"I must risk that," Eonald said; "I am
going to try and save her whether it costs
me my life or not"
"Kreta will go with his white friend,"
the chief said; "white man no chance by
himself."
"Would you, Kreta?" Eonald asked
eagerly; "but no, I have no right to take
you into such danger as that. You have a
wife and child; I have no one to depend
upon me."
"Kreta would not have a child if it had
not been for his white friend," Kreta said;
"if he goes, Kreta goes with him, and will
take some of his men."
"You are a good fellow, Kreta," Eonald
said, shaking the chief heartily by the
band; "now what's the best way of setting
about it?"
The Pingo thought for some time, add
then asked:
"Is the white woman young and pretty?"
"Yes," Eonald replied, rather surprised
at the question.
"Then I think she is safe for a little
while. If she is old and ugly they torture
her and kill her quick; if she is pretty and
young most likely they will send her as a
present to their big chiel; perhaps Macomo
or Sandilli, or Kreli, or one of the other
great chiefs, whichever tribe they belong to.
Can't do nothing to-day; might crawl into
the wood; but if I find her how can I get
her out? That's not possible. The best
thing will be this: I will send two of my
young men into the bush to try and find out
what they do with her, and where they are
going to take her. Then at night we will
try to get them off as they go across the
country. If we no meet them we go straight
to Amatoias to hnd out tee Kraal to which
they take her and then see how to get her
off."
"How many men will you take, Kreta?"
"Five men," the chief said, holding up
one hand, "that's enough to creep and crawl.
No use to try force; too many Kaffirs. Five
men might do; 500 no good."
"I think you are right, Chief. It must
be done by craft if at all."
"Then I will sendoffmv two young men
at once," the chief said. "They" go a long
way round, and enter bush on the other
fide; then creep through the bush and hear
Kaffir talk. If Kaffir sees them they think
they their own people, but mustn't talk; if
they do Kaffirs notice difference of tongue.
One, two words no noticed, but if talk much
find out directly."
"Then there's nothing for me to do to
night," Eonald said.
The chief shook his head. "No good till
quite dark."
"In that case I will go on with the con
voys as far as Bushman's river, where they
halt to-night "
"Very well," the chief said. "We go on
with you there, and then come bark here
and meet the young men, who will tell us
what they have found out."
The chief went away, and Eonald saw
him speaking to some of his men. Then
two young fellows of about 20 years old laid
aside their blankets, put them and their
guns into one of the wagons, and then, after
five minutes' conversation with their chief,
who was evidently giving them minute in
structions, went off at a slinging trot across
the country.
In less than an hour the party that was
escorting the settlers' wagons through- the
bush, and the mounted men who had gone
to meet them, returned together.having seen
no sign of the enemy. The wagons were set
in motion, and the march continued. Eonald
Mervyn rode up to the officer of the native
levy.
"I am going, sir, to make what may seem
a most extraordinary request, and indeed it
is one that is, I think, out of your power to
grant, but it you give your approval it to
some extent will lessen my responsibility."
"What is it, Sergeant?" the young officer
asked in some surprise.
"I want when we arrive at the halting
place to hand over the command of my de
tachment to the Corporal, and for you to
let me go away on my own affairs. I want
you also to allew your head man, Kreta, and
five of his men leave of absence."
The young officer was astonished. "Oi
course I am in command of the men, and so
have authority over you so long as you are
with me, but as vou received orders direct
from your own officers to take your detach
ment down to the coast, and return with the
wagons, I am sure that I have no power to
grant you leave to go away."
"No, sir, that's just what I thought, but
ai the same time if you report that although
you were unable to grant me leave, you ap
proved of my at.sence, it will make it mnch
easier for me. Not that it makes any differ
ence, sir. because I admit frankly that I
should go in any case. It is probable that
one may be reduced to the ranks, but I
don't think that under the circumstances
they will punish me any more severely than
that."
"But what' are the circumstances, Ser
geant? I can scarcely imagine any circum
stance that could make me approve of your
intention to leave your command on a march
like this."
"I was just going to tell you them, sir,
but I may say that I do not think it at all
probable that there will be any further at
tack on the convoy. There is ho more large
bush to pass between this and Williamstown,
and so far we have heard of no attempt
being made further on the road to stop con
voys. That poor fellow who is lying
wounded in the wagon is a Mr. Armstrong.
He was an officer in the service when he
was a young man, and fought, he told me, at
Waterloo. His place is near the spot where
I was quartered tor two months just before
the outbreak, and he showed me great kind
ness, and treated me as a friend. Well, sir,
one of the three ladies that were, as vou
heard, carried off in the wagons, was Mr.
Armstrong's danghter. Now, sir, you know
What her fate will be in the hands of those
savages: dishonor, torture and death. I am
going to save her if I can. I don't know
whether I shall succeed, most likely I shall
not. My life is of no great consequence to
mc, and'has so far been a failure, but I want
to try and rescue her whether itcosts me my
life or not Kreta has offered to accompany
me with five of his men. Alone, I should
certainly fail, but with his aid there is a
chance of my succeeding."
"By Jove, you are a brave fellow, Ser
geant" the young officer said, "and I
honor you lor the determination you have
formed:," and waiving military etiquette,
he shook Eonald warmly by the hand.
"Assuredly I will, so far as in my power,
give you leave to go, and will take good
care that in case you fail your conduct in
thus risking your life shall be appreciated.
Bow do you mean to set about it?''
Eonald gave him a sketch of the plan
that had been determined upon by himself
and Kreta. '
"Well, I think you .have a chance at any
rate, the officer said, when he concluded.
"Of course the risk of detection in the
midst of the Kaffirs wonld be tremendous,
but still there seems a possibility of your
escape. In any case no one can possibly
disapprove of your endeavor to save this
young lady from the awful fate that would
certainly be hers unless you can rescue her.
Poor girl! Even though I don't know her,
it makes ray blood run cold to think of an
English lady in the hands of those savages.
However, if I were not in command of the
convoy I wofld gladly go with you and
take my chance."
As soon as the encampment was reached,
Kreta came up to Eonald.
"Must change clothes," he said, "and go
as Kaffir." Eonald nodded his head, as he
had already decided that this step was ab
solutely necessary.
"Must paint black." the chief went on.
"how do that?"
"The only way I can see is to powder
some burnt wood and mix it with a little
oil."
"Yes, that do," the chief said.
"I will be with you in five minutes. I
must band over the command to the Cor
poral." "Corporal James," he said, When he went
up to him. "I hand over the command
of this detachment to you. You
are, of course, to keep bv the wagons and
protect them to King Williamstown."
"But where are you going. Sergeant?"
the Corrjoral asked in surprise.
"I have arranged with Air. Nolan to go
away on detached duty for two or three
days. I am going to try to get the unfor
tunate women who were carried off this
morning out of the hands of the Kaffirs."
The Corporal looked at him as if he had
doubts as to his sanity.
"I may not succeed," Eonald went on,
"but I am going to try. At any rate, I
hand over the command to you. I quite
understand that Mr. Nolan cannot give me
leave, and that I run the risk of punish
ment for leaving the convoy, but I have
made up my mind to risk that."
"Well, of course you know best, Sergeant;
but it seems to me that, punishment or no
punishment, there is not much chance of
your rejoining the corps; it is just throwing
away your life going among them savages."
"I don't think it is as bad as that,"
Eonald said, "although of course there is a
risk of it At any rate. Corporal, vou can
take the convoy safely into King Williams
town. That's your part of the business."
Eonald then returned to the encampment
of the native levies. A number of sticks
were charred and then scraped. There was
no oil to be found, but as a substitute the
charcoal was mixed with a little cart grease.
Eonald then stripped, and was smeared all
over with the ointment which was then
rubbed into him. Some more powdered
charcoal was then sprinkled over him, and
this also rubbed until he was a shiny black,
the operation affording great amusement to
the Fingoes. Then a sort of petticoat con
sisting of strips of hide reaching halfway
down to the knee and sewn to a leathern
belt was put round his waist, and his toilet
was complete, except as to his hair.
The chief looked puzzled, but after a few
minutes' consideration called to one of the
women and deliberately cut off her woolly
mop close to the scalp, and put it on to
Eonald's head. It fitted closely, for he,
like all the men, wore his hair cut quite short
to prevent its lorming a receptacle lor dnst
The Fingoes applauded by clapping their
hands and perlorming a wild dance around
Eonad, while the women' who now crowded
up shrieked with laughter.
The chief walked gravely around him
two or three times and then pronouneed
that he wonld pass muster. A bandolier
for cartridges, o! native make, was slung
overTns shoulder, and with a rifle in one
hand and a spear in the other, and two or
three, necklaces of brass beads round his
neck, Eonald would anywhere, unless
closely inspected, have passed as a Kaffir
warrior. In order to test his appearance he
strolled across to where Mr. Nolan was in
specting the serving out of rations.
"What do you want?" the officer asked;
"the allowance for all the men-has been
served out already; if you haven't got yours
you must speak to Kreta about it I can't
go into the question with each of you."
"Then you think I will do very well, Mr.
Nolan?"
The officer started.
"Good heavens, Sergeant, is it you? I
had not the slightest conception of it You
are certainly admirably disguised, and you
might walk through Cape Town without
any one suspecting you, but what are you
going to do abodt your feet? You will
never be able to get throngh the woods bare
footed?" "I have been thinking of that myself,"
Eonald said, "and the only thing I can see
is to get them to make me a sort of sandal.
Of course it wouldn't do in the day time,
but at night it would not be observed, un
less I were to go close to the fire or light of
some sort"
"Yes, that wonld be the best plan," the
officer agreed. "I dare say the women can
manufacture you something in that way.
There is the hide of that bollock we killed
yesterday, in the front wagon; it was a black
one."
Eonald cut off a portion of the hide and
went across to the natives and explained to
them what he wanted. Putting his foot on
the hide, a piece was cut off large enough to
form the sole of the foot and come up about
an inch all round; holes were made in this
and it was laced on to the foot with thin
strips of hide. The hair was, of course, out
side, and Eoland found it by no means un
comfortable. "You ride horse," the chief said, '.'back
to bush. I take one fellow with me to bring
him back."
fa Eonald was pleased with the suggestion,
for he was by no means sure how he should
feel after a walk or ten miles in his new foot
gear.
( To be continued.')
. Mothers will find for their own debility
and weaknesses an excellent and gentle
tonic in Dr. D. Jayne's Tonic Vermifuge;
while, for their children, whether in weak
ness from the want of appetite, or worms, it
is a remedy that will not disappoint It
ought to be kept in every household, ready
for use when needed, ana much suffering
will be thereby saved. Sold by all drug
gists. G. A. IZ. Excnrslon Bate to Milwaukee, 811
Via the F. & W. It'j.
The Pittsburg and Western Railway will
sell round trip tickets to Milwaukee August
21 to 27 for $11; to Chicago, on same dates,
lor ?9. Tickets good going on Chicago Ex
press leaving Allegheny at 1:40 p. m., city
time, daily. Pullman sleeping cars and
first-class day coaches run through to Chi
cago without change. D
Lut Chance to Dip In Old Ocean,
By taking the excursion via the B. & O. E.
E. next Thursday, August 29. Eate, $10
for the round trip, tickets good for ten
days. Trains will leave depot at 8 A. m.
and 920 P. M. Secnre your parlor and
sleeping car accommodations at once.
A Dniy Becomes a Demure
When that duty is to patronize a home in
dustry, and that industry is the manufacture
of excellent beer. Frauenheim & Vilsack's
"Pittsburg Beer" is home brewed and in
comparably the finest beer in the market
Telephone 1186.
Removal.
W. S. Bell & Co. have removed to their
new rooms, No. 431 Wood st (former loca
tion). A complete assortment of cameras,
dry plates and all kinds of photographic
material on hand. .
Closing: Oat Sale
Of summer dress goods, black and colored
silks, surahs, cashmeres, serges, henriettas,
French challls and satins at extraordinary
low prices, to close this season's stock, at
H. J. Lynch's, 438 and 440 Market street.
Thssu
lWiTnCRltf nnWITfi their ixutneu and
JulJllUitil MtihliB.a, pouueat method
and their progreMve policy, are entertainingly
detcribed in to-moTTOVft IMSJPAXCH by JRrtmk
a. Carpenter,
THEBITTSBTJBGr
THE LABRADOR GOAST
A Voyage in a Schooner Along That
Barren and Deserted Shore.
APPETITES OP THE ESQUIMAUX.
Two of Them Who Easily Got Away "With
56 Oranges, Skins and AIL
SOCIAL LIFE IN THE WNTER KIGHT
rCOBKESFOXDKXCX OF TRX DISPATCH.
OnBoaed Schooneb Sophie; August
12. From Hopedale we proceeded north
west skirting the shore, continually dodging
islands, icebergs and homeward-bound fish
ing craft There is no change in dreary
scene. The shores present thesame lofty,
massive, desolate outline. At our distance
occasionally the moss upon them, under
certain conditions of atmosphere and sun
light, gave the appearance of heathery
heights such as you will see when cruising
along the noble northern shores of Ireland,
from Iiough Foyle around Malin Head to
Lough Swilly; but we knew there was no
verdure there, and naught but stone. With
that consciousness these shores are ever
stern, repellant, awful; and no influence
save that curious fascination to semi
Arctic exploration one may have a hint
of in going thus far toward eternal Ice
and silence, can justly prompt any rational
being in following .our course for aught
save danger and fish. Both can begot nearer
home.
We agreed on sailing as far as human
life permanently existed along, the coast,
and again had opportunity" to carry passen
gers free without a license. These were a
sort of novitiate Moravian missionary who
belonged to Hebron and had come to Hope
dale with homeward-bound fishers, and two
Esquimaux pilots who had brought vessels
to the south. I was interested chiefly in
the former's narative of life at this remotest
American mission, and in the powers of the
latter to assimilate our provisions. In all
my wanderings I never saw two creatures in
the semblance of humans with such swinish
capacity and rapacity. We had a few boxes
of oranges on board. They had never seen
the fruit before. I was curious to know if
they could once be sated with it We made
the attempt but failed. These two animals
actually ate 66 oranges, skins and all, ia
one hour and 40 minutes.
A MOBAYTAir MISSION.
Passing Nain, an important Moravian
Mission where the Home Society annually
sends a large ship with supplies and for
furs, and Okak Island and village, where
there are straggling huts, a few traders and
trappers, and where the Esquimaux come in
the summer to fish, we finally reached He
bron, and, without anchorage, left our
strange passengers, who were taken ashore
in a kayak a sort of hide-bottomed boat,
almost precisely like the curragh of the
Irish Aran Islands followed by a pro
cession of kaya.es filled with grinning and
chattering Esquimaux; when we proceeded
on our now wholly dreary voyage to Cape
Chndleigh.
Here, as Captain Deschamps set the course
of the Sophie toward the St Lawrence
again, in 60 degrees north latitude, our eyes,
if but for a brief half hour, rested upon the
uncharted shores of Hudson's Strait and
could at least see along the steely blue
waters the way where so many intrepid
searchers for Polar seas bad passed never to
return.
The result of the information secured
during our few weeks' cruise leads me to be
lieve that the portion of Labrador east of a
line extending due north from the mouth of
the St Lawrence river to Hudson's Bay, is
the most worthless part of the whole world.
Indeed it is scarcely worth visiting even as
a curiosity in sterility and desolation. In the
1,000 miles of coast upon which there is any
pretense oi population, the total number of
resident human beings all told will not ex
ceed 6,000 souls. This number includes all
Indians of the Montagnais, Nasquapee aud
Esquimaux tribes. Estimating the peninsu
la as a quadrilateral with sides averaging
500 miles in length, a moderate computa
tion, this would give an area .of 160,000,000
acres; and just one human being to about
27,000 acres.
HOT TEBT FERTILE.
That there are 100 acres of land capable of
cultivation within this mighty expanse has
been remorselessly disproved for over 350
years by the efforts of Jesuits and other
missionaries, by those of Christianized
Indians, and by all settlers who have been
lured upon these shores to starve1 and perish.
It is possible that during two, and possibly
three months of the summer 40,000 fisher
men may be round oil .Labrador; 15,000
within the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and 25,000
along the Atlantic Labrador shores. These
are residents of the United States, Nova
Scotia, Cape Breton and Prince Edward's
Islands, and Newfoundland. They have no
interest here whatever save to come and
grab and go. There are not enough stand
ing trees in all the Labrador district
named, and that comprises all of Labrador
proper, available for building timber, to
pay for transporting to any place and light
ing the first fire in a single sawmill. All
the frantic efforts of the Dominion Govern
ment to discover mineral deposits have been
unavailing.
What then does Labrador possess ? An
unmeasured and measureless reach of stone
and ice, covered here and there with moss:
again occasionally patched with stunted
spruce; oftener for hundreds of miles scarred
and blackened by burned spruce stumps be
tween which flinty rocks project like cruel
spears; with countless impassable rivers
E lowing in ungovernable torrents through
ideons gorges; 4,000 whites utterly unable
to leave their prisonment or better their con
dition, living half of the year like beasts,and
the other half little better; 2,000 Indians sub
sisting on salt fish and raw, with occasion
ally a bit of musty flour or meal: 300 to 400
Esquimaux dogs; any number of wolves,
and countless seals and fish. Now that is all
there is to Labrador besides a climate of
Greenland; and even the seals and fish do
not exclusively belong to it, for they are a
common product of the ocean, and as com
mon to all other northeast shores. Any land
so God-forsaken that the government possess
ing it cannot survey it, or procure any form
of statistics concerning it, is a veritable cast
away indeed. It is impossible to obtain sta
tistics of even seals and fishes. Bnt from the
known loss in naval and commercial expedi
tions, and the wreckage of coasting and fish
ers' vessels along the coasts, since Labrador
was discovered, it would be a safe calcula
tion that for every dollar in value of fish or
fur secured upon the Labrador coast for the
past 400 years, an equal or greater actual
loss by somebody has been sustained. And
when the additional frightful loss of life has
been taken into account, the inexnressihl
worthlessness of the entire peninsula maybe
to some.extent conceived.
ALERT KELIdlOtrS EFFOET.
But there is a certain interest the world
over in how even so hopeless a folk as the
Labradorians may live, and in that out
reaching of alert religious effort, whatever
its faults of method, which aspires through
great personal hardship and suffering to
keep aflame the tiny lamps of Christian
lighthouses along these wild and savage
shores. The Jesuit missionaries have labored
along the St Lawrence coast since 1611; and
their efforts among the Indians of British
America from the Atlantic to -the Pacifio
fill a luminous page in North American
history. On the Labrador coast from Seven
Islands to Forteau Bay the people, compris
ing Montagnais and Nasquapee Indians,
French Acvlians and half-breeds, are all
adherents of the Bom an Catholic faith. At
but a few points are there resident priests.
The fathers visit the different stations and
settlements, by boat, twice, the remotest
once, each year,, devoting themselves un
tiringly to ministrations from one to two
weeks at each pmee. From Forteau Bay
past the Straits of Belie Isle and around the
Atlantic coast to S Hamilton Inlet, the
Church of England may be said to control
T-i.j-i k milt ...i. r ..
jiiiwivi vauvji, mui yog usuea u
DISPATaTTODXTJanSTtB.
most an English-speaking one, comprising
perhaps 1,000 souls which Include several
hundred Esquimaux' and Esquimaux half
breeds. There are also in this territory
three Wesleyan Methodist missionaries
with roving charges, of whom our melan
choly passenger from Mingan to Forteau
Bay was one. The Church or England mis
sions were established 40 years ago; and
they now possess perhaps half a dozen mis
sion houses'and tiny churches all told, which
are annually visited with great anguish and
trepidation by the Bishop of Quebec.
Beyond this to the north there are no
other than Moravian missions. These arc
four in .number, all located on the Atlantic
coast, at Hopedale. Nain, Okak and Hebron,
the latter the northern-most mission of the
continent The Brethren' whom I met in
formed me that their first missionary and
five sailors were murdered by the Esqui
maux in 1762. But in 1770, under permis
sion from the British Crown they gained a
foothold and founded the mission at Nain!
Okak was founded in 1776, Hopedale in
1782 and Hebron In 1830. The total num
ber ofEsquimaux along the 500 miles of the
Atlantic coast is now about 1,600. Of these
nearly 1,200 have been "civilized" and be
long to the four missions; and 31 mission
aries are engaged in this work upon the en
tire coast
ABSOLUTE BULEBS.
These Brethren are absolute rulers of the
Esquimaux, and in all matters pertaining
either to the Indians or to other trappers
and residents on lands granted them by the
English Government They control the en
tire fur trade of the Esquimaux, paying
such prices as they mav choose, and no ar
ticle of food or use finds its way into the
hands of these simple folks save through
the Moravian trading honses at such prices
of barter as the mUslonaries may demand.
Vessels come to Nain with stores and pro
visions from Europe, and to take away pro
ceeds of the one-sided trading. The
Brethren state that all profits are turned
over to the general funds of the society. I
do not wish to belittle their spiritual efforts
or disparage their methods unjustly; but as
near as I am able to judge, a form of slav
ery exists here which is not creditable to
ostensibly Christianizing effort It is cer
tain that the dusky flock who are thus
fleeced, notwithstanding their sickening
servility to the Brethren, have a statement
of the whole situation which they sullenly
grunt among each other, and occasionally
permit a sharp-eared stranger to overhear.
This is: "Missionary heap good in church;
heap bad in store!"
The manner of subsistence of all the
Indians and half-breed population of Lab
rador is practically the same. The Mon
tagnais and Nasquapees live in lodges the
year round, whether in the interior or upon
the coast The Esquimaux generally live
in igloes, a sort of turf-covered wigwam,
when in the interior, and when at the mis
sions in rude huts modeled after the igioe;
while the few remaining inland hunting
Indians seldom appear upon the coast,
unless driven in by famine, or when they
come to the villages to barter, when they
bring all their belongings down the rivers
and inlets in open boats, camping at night
under sealskin tents. The coast Labrador
ians, and there are not 600 others, are occu
pied in sealing in the early spring; they
fish in the summer, hunt and trap in the
winter; and these occupations are common
to all, including half-breeds and whites.
There is nothing else to be done, whatever
the ability or inclination. In the extreme
north the clothing is exclusively sealskin;
and on the south shore the attire is a com
bination of 'sealskin and fustian, the latter
being especially prizkl for withstanding the
cruel winds and stores of the region.
TLENTT OFtSTOCKINGS.
The number of stoc :ings worn by these
folk is often astonisl ing. Four, five and
sometimes a half di sen, are used inside
their sealskin boots. There is nothing
striking' about the d ess of the few white
women who are here, ave that they remind
one in the mountain air of cloth'ing they
bundle upon themselv :s of the tremendons
skirts of the women of Irish Connamara.
But the Indian woaen of the South and
the Esqnimaux womaa of the North are
wonderfully apparelet. Anything they can
get their hand upon possessing gorgeous
color is used for decoration. They almost
equal American womjn in this respect. Per
haps thisguis more toticeable among the
women of the StTLanrence coast than with
the Northern Esquimaux.
The dress of the latter usually consists of
huge sealskin boots, petticoats, a sealskin
garment covering the whole person from the
neck to the knees trimmed with white fur, a
cap enveloping the entire head, and a sort of
baggy cape or hood hanging down the back,
in which their fat littler babies are carried.
The cradle is unknown among the Esqui
maux; but the universal tendency of all
mothers to bounce, sway and heave aboutthe
helpless infant has illustration here in the
"jigging" of the Esquimaux child in its
aerial cradle. Walking or sitting the Esqui
maux mother has an endless movement like
that of an old tar under a heavy sea. It is a
writhing, weaving, (waving motion which
cannot be adequately described. But it
suffices, and the fat aother gets a good deal
of exercise out of i, whatever the effect
upon the babe. Onlt among the half-breed
women are there forms and faces that are at
tractive as civilized folk judge these things.
The compensation: is here, however; for
nearly all the Esquimaux women will
measure in girth what they will in height;
and all forms of fat represent the Labrado
rian idea of both utility and beanty. At
child-bearing their own women officiate as
midwives; and they get along very well in
every respect without physicians. " There is
not a resident doctor in all Labrador; nor
for that matter, a lawyer; and our timber
hunting friend regards this fact as a force
ful argument against American high-pressure
civilization and Boston ethical culture.
SOCIETY IK WINTEB.
If there be anything like a social or home
life in Labrador it exists exclusively in the
long, frozen night of the winter. Then the
entire inhabitants retire from the howling
coast to winter "quarters within the trifling
shelter of spruce1 lorestsand protecting river
crags, and from their burrows of sod, hut
and ice, sally forth in their sledges or come
tiques to "visit" each other in their storm
swept settlements for distances of hundreds
of miles. These trips are made over the
glistening snow at the rate of 60 to 100 miles
a day, by the aid of their gaunt and fero
cious dogs, which are kept in submission by
that crudest and deadliest of ail driver's
scourges, the Esquimaux whip. Its handle
is not a foot long, but the lash is often 40
feet in length, and the drivers arc so skilled
in its use that a piece can be struck out of
a "leader'' or "guide" dog's ear at a dis
tance of from 30 to 40 feet These dogs,
fully 150 of which I saw at Hopedale, are
simply a species of partly domesticated
wolves.
They are fed on fish once each day. In
the summer they are sources of endless ter
ror abont the coast settlements; but life
would be impossible here without their use
in winter. These visiting tours are marked
by the most prodigal hospitality, and a
good deal of rude pleasure, indeed, all these
far-away humans in any manner secure is
enjoyed.. But Labradoriau life is an end
less round of inane, sodden fruitlessness at
best The summer is passed in a scourging
effort for winter's provision. Winter brines
its struggle to prevent death by cold and J
hunger. u.nese numtn ammais seem simpiy
born to exist, be robbed, and to die. One
tarns from the slightest glimpte of land and
people, heart-sick from irrevocability of the
hopelessness of both. Labrador can never
be else than what Jaques Gartier truly
termed it in 1534, "the land given to Cain."
Edoab L. Wakemax.
Grand Army Excursions Over the Pennsyl
vania Lines.
Tickets for sale August 21 to 28 inclusive
to Milwaukee and return, $11 from Pitts
burg. Tickets for sale August 21 to 24 in
clusive to Chicago and return, $9 from Pitts
burg. Inquire at ticket offices of the Penn
sylvania lines.
You will find at John S. Boberts', 414
Wood street, the prettiest colors and newest
designs in wall paper. xhs
Af TVE ifrVflYAV " tomorrows.
ULllB lYfifylUll patch describe
DlS-
daerlbet the
t-""rvrT.! """ "- - ..,- ...
Vinnr0 nt A,imiin .i4 hm. asif witfr ml
jwrfevac, v -
SQTES OF A f OTICE
On the Wagner Festival at the Home
of the Famous Musician.
FINE PERFORMANCE OF PARSIFAL.
An Amarican Describes the Masterpiece as
it Appeared to Him.
EXQUISITE EENDlTIOrf OP THE WORK
icoanxspoxsxircx or tbx dispatch.
Batbeuth, Bataeia, August 5. I
made an imposing entrance into Bayrenth.
I had been told a strike existed there among
the cabmen, so no sooner had I touched the
station platform than I made a contract
with a small boy to carry my bag. Lodg
ings had been assigned me by the General
Committee of the festival, to whom, on ar
riving, I paid my addresses, then started
the procession for No. 77 Bichard Wagner
Strosse. Outside the station I found about
1,000 cabs. A cab in Bayrenth is a bar
ouche drawn by one or two horses, harnessed
to a pole in either case, and the drivers of
about 100 of these offered, even entreated
me, to ride for "zwei mark."
But I stuck to my boy, believing my
room to be near at hand. But it wasn't.
It was an extreme distance; my boy became
double, then triplets before proceediuz half
the journey, and hanging on to him, eager
to buy, then supplant him, were a
score of his relatives. My bag was heavy.
At every block I would order a
halt for rest and change of . position, when
my couriers would mysteriously consult to
gether as to their probable reward. As we
advanced the populace appeared more nu
merously at windows and doors heralding
the strange sight I could not see the hu
mor of the situation they appeared to, for
hod I ridden from Nuremberg for this? But
toward noon my domicile was reached, my
train of menialsdismissed, evidently pleased
with the high-grade pfennig piece I gave to
eacli, and as later I peered from the window
of riy comfortable room I found the street
had! resumed its wonted quiet
I THE TVAOXEB THEATEB
andlita location have been often described.
It as a lovely afternoon as I joined the
throsg in carriages and afoot, moving along
the avenue toward an eminence back of the
town) whereon is the ideal structure ot its
kind V the world. The site, commanding a
lew of a charming valley, is most
sque. At 4 o'clock I was to
"Parsifal" for the first time,
theater, which is without
ent seatin? over 1.40G people in
tiers rising one above the other, so that an
unobstructed view ot the stage is to be had
by all, filled gradually, until at 4 o'clock
there were no vacant seats.
The summons to enter for the beginning
of a performance, or after the long entre
acts are ended is given by a posse of trum
peters fit 15 and again at five minutes be
fore the hour, who sound from two sides of
the first porch of the building, a theme from
the ensuing act of the drama. Before a note
is heard from the invisible orchestra the
house is darkened, so that reading the score
is impossible; the bustle of the audience,
which the circumstances of its gathering
make unusually interested in each other,
has ceased and utter silence awaits, the enl
trance of the first motif of the prelude to
"Parsifal," a silence, it may be remarked,
which remains unbroken during any portion
of a performance in the theater.
THE GBEAT WORK AS GIVEN-.
"Parsifal," on "August 4, was given as
usual, under the direction of Conductor
Levi, of Mnnich, with an orchestra of 108
pieces the elite of German instrumental
artists and with the following leading
sineers: nTanDyck, Parsifal; Materna,
Keendry; Biauwaert, Geernemanz; Beich-
mann, Atnjortas; Silverman, Aitngsor; nob
bing, Titmel.
It is obviously impossible at this time to
more than touch upon the philosop'hy that
lies at the root of "Parsifal." Since
"Bienzi" was put aside and the rays ot a
new art dawned with "The Flying Dutch
man," Wagner sought to teach through the
medium of his operas and music-dramas
some lesson of existence, to engraft upon the
magic framework his inventive genius fash
ioned some eternal truth. The "Dutchman,"
"jTannhaueser" and "Lohengrin" are so
familiar that their ethical meaning ha3 not
escaped the thoughtful; the profounder mo
tive of "The Bing of the Nibalung" is only
beginning to be studied with us. while
Parsifal," the latest and ripest work of an
epoch-making man, still sacred to those
who can make
A PILGRIMAGE TO BATBEUTH,
illustrate the purification of the body and
the regeneration ot the soul through strife.
"Parsifal" is the ontcome of years of
thought, for Wagner's early writings tell ns
of his desire to compose a work on the sub
ject of Jesus of Nazareth. Wagner calls
''Parsifal" a "Bnehnenweih Fest-Spiel"
(Consecrated Festival' Play), and where is
there taught more impressively the divinest
truth? To hear "Parsifal" at Bayreuth is.
in effect, like a discourse from some eloquent
preacher or author; here Waener is the Em
erson of the stage, and with his wonderful
sway of the aesthetics and the mechanics of
his art moves him who comes within his in
fluence with a power and might unknown
in romance or literature.
A sketch of the drama of "Parsifal" may
be briefly made. The holy Knights of the
Grail from among whom came Lohengrin
to succor Elsa guardians of the sacred
spear and the cup, are suffering
through the downfall of Amfortaa. He
trusting more to physical than spiritual
strength, vainly attempts battle with Kling
sor, a .magician who defies all that is pure,
and whose domains eucircle the castle of the
knight3. Through the agencies of Keendry,
who is bewitched by Klingsor to serve his
evil ends, Amfortas is tempted and falls,
Klingsor wrests from him the sacred spear,
and wounds him incurably. At each cele
bration by the Knights of the Holy Sacra
ment, which it is the duty of Amfonas to
administer,
THE WOUND TS HI3 SIDE
breaks out afresh. To his despairing cry
for relief, Amfortas hears a celestial voice
saying: "By pity lightened tbeguileiess fool,
wait for him, my chosen one."
The first act discloses Geernemanz, one of
the knights, telling the story of the down
fall otAmftSrtas to two of the more youthful
brethren. He is interrupted by a tumult,
when one of the sacred swans, fatally
wounded by an arrow, flutters across
the stage, followed by a group of
amazed knights, leading the youth
ful Parsifal, the slayer of the swan,
who is unconscious of his offense.
Ocernemanz.attracted by the boy, leads him
to the castle, whither the .knights hate re
paired, there to witness the celebration of
the holy sacrament Parsifal stands mute
during the ceremony, not perceiving his
mission, and at last is thrust out by Geerne
manz to roam through the world, gaining
grace through experience for the high call
ing he is to lulfiL. Klingsor lays a snare
for Partfal, and sends alluring maidens,
and when these fail him, Keendry, the en
chantress, in the form of a beautiful woman,
to tempt him. Keendry alluring Parsifal on
by reciting the story of his birth and of his
mother's repining at his wandering from
home, stops not until she presses upon his
lips the kiss of his mother's benediction.
Stung with grief, Parsifal starts up and in
intensest tones cries out: "Amfortas, the
spear wound!" divining for the first time
tbepure mission ot his life.
Keendry, finding all her wiles powerless,
finally calls upon Klingsor, who appears
upon the wall of his castle, and, uttering a
curse, hurls at Parsifal the spear wrested
from Amfortas. It remains over the head
of Parsifal, who grasps it, and with
EcsiAcr op yazs
waves it above his head, making the sign of
the cross. Thereupon the castle falls as by
an earthquake, the garden withers, and
jieenary sinks, despairing, to earth.
ha closing act transpires Lb. the dosukia
wider
picture
hear I
The
adorns
:Wl$&&
of the knight. "Amfortas has become sore
desperate, the knights are hopeless. As
Geernemanz and Keendry the Jatter when
removed from the influence of Klingsof
sustains the position of serving woman to
the knights, who are ignorant of Klingsor't
power over her. Converse, a knight clad
in black armor, having a spear, appears to
them and reveals himself as Parsifal. To
Geernemanz he relates the story of the
spear and his purifying experience. The
old knight, rejoicing, conducts him to the
holy castle, where Amfortas, in great
despair, calls on the knights to slay him
and end bis pain. Parsifal, until then un
seen, tarns toward him And touches the
wound with his spear, thereby purging Am
fortas from sin and healing him. The
knights hail Parsifal as the heaven-appointed
one.
The musio is very beautiful, the third
act being perhaps the most serene and im
pressive page in Wagner's writings. The
exquisite scene of the flower maidens and
the Good Friday spell musio are perhaps
the most familiar to amateurs of the United
States of any of the concert excerpts from
"Parsifal," though the finaleto the first act
has had performances both in Boston and
New York. The system of leading motives
is nowhere more beautifully illustrated
than in "Parsifal;" there are
FEWEB PEINCIPAL THEMES
than in either of the single dramas of the
Nibelungen, but the secret of their use
does not fail nor falter.
The orchestra and 'the stage setting eqnal
all expectations. The ensemble of voices
and orchestra is remarkable. There is no
preponderance of instrumental tone, there
is no covering of voices, but everywhere a
beautiful blending of both pervading, but
not overwhelming the theater, the like or
which is difficult to imagine in music. The
degrees of tone which the conductor brought
from his band were simply astonishing, vet
there was never a fortissimo. The quality
of the band is exquisite, but for the orches
tra more should be said.
The stage effects introduced in "Parsi
fal" are unique as,thev are wonderful. As
Gurnemanz first leads Parsifal to the hall of
the Grail, the appearance of the country
changes; the lovely meadow scene yields to
cavernous rocks, mountains are traversed
ere the eye rests on the domed hall of the
Knights 'of the Grail. The effect is possible
because of the immense revolving stage; a
similar illusion is produced in act three,
only then the stage revolves in the opposite
direction revealing an entirely different per
spective. Again, in the second act, where
Klingsor't castle is suddenly transferred in
to a garden of flowers, the stage sinks rap
idly out of sight, bringing into view an
ENTIBELY SEW SCENE
fully set Formerly the flower maidens
weie concealed behind their counterfeit pre
sentments, but the better practice prevails
now of having them enter from the sides.
The overthrow of Klingsor' s castle is an ex
pression of stage mechanics thoroughly real
and startling.
One can never overestimate the genius of
Wagner, who planned every detail of these
wonderful transmogrifications. The paint
ing of every portion 'of the setting, all the
devices used, are the work of skilled artists.
Here is, indeed, achieved that unity for
which Wagner lived and waited.
The choral ensemble, particularly the ex
tremely difficult Grail scene of act I, were
superbly done; the elasticity of the voices,
the sympathetio support given them by the
orchestra, and the intense' effect of
the latter being indelibly impressed
on my mind. The flower girls
music was simply exquisite; when it is re
membered that the chorus at Bayreuth is
composed of picked singers, artists, it may
be possible for the reader to share some of
my enthusiasm in describing their work.
In the efforts of none of the solo singers did
I detect anything but complete devotion to
the work in hand. I do not find it easy to
talk of them individually; what they did
was all
SO ADMIRABLE AND MTTINO.
I was impressed with the dramatic
ability of Van Dyck, though disappointed
in his voice. Materna did not make Kun
dry so ferocious in the earlier scenes as I
had drawn the character mentally, but in
the opening of act three, where, humblyshe
bathes the feet of Parsifal, her acting was
perfect Her voice has fallen off somewhat
since she was, in America. The part of
Gurnemanz is most sympathetic, and was
beautifully sung. Beichmann is a fine
actor. G. H. Wilson-.
$UaQS
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One of the
Most Complete Institutions in America.
I NEXT TERM BEGINS I
SSSSSEPTEIVIBER 41 Sr
EDUCATION OF YOUNG LADIES.
fSSRan POLLEGE
English, M. A. If , .
PRINCIPAL Xondon, Ontario, Can.
mv31-2S-s
The Fisest MKA-FuiTOErao Stock
, LIEBI6 COMPANY'S
Extract of Meat.
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Bold by storekeepers, grocers and druggists.
Ued, London, u2-M--,
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COULD 'M)T HELPtMt
Did Not Intend to Speak for Publi
cation. ,
A LADY'S REMARKABLE STORY.
"I had no intention of making a state
ment for publication. . Indeed, it was the
last thing I thought of, for I have often
said I would never see my name in print.
But the result is so complete in my case,
and after TC had given up all hope, it is such
a surprise to find myself entirely well, with
out a trace of my trouble left, that I can
hardly do otherwise than give my testi
mony." It was with a great deal of emphasis that
Mrs. Pratt spoke these words to the writer,
and her statement throughout was given
with an earnestnessthat made it interesting.
"Some years ago, during house cleaning
time," she said, "I contracted a severe cold.
I paid little attention to it, and it seemed to
leave me. Whether it had never entirely
left me and I caught fresh colds, I do not
know, but after a time I noticed that my
nostrils would become stopped up almosi
continually, my eyes would get dim and
watery and there would be a dull, aching .
pain across the forehead over the eyes. It
was a dull, heavy pain at first, bnt after a
time it would often grow so severe that I
would have to sit for hours holding my head
in my hands. It seemed as if it would
burst, . '
"My throat became raw and inflamed. I
was continually hawking and raising and
trying to clean it, but something would
seem to stick there that I could not get up
or down.
"One of my ears became affected. At first
there was a ringing, buzzing noise in it
which interfered only slightly with my
hearing. Gradually a little tumor formed
inside of the ear, and for six weeks I never
slept, day or nig'ht, so intense was the pain.
There was a constant discharge from the ear
of a light yellow matter.
Mrs. John Pratt, S3 Sigh Street.
"Gradually. but surely my trouble was
growing worse, and extending all throngh
my system. I could not sleep nights, and
wonld getup feeling more tired in the morn
ing than when I went to bed. When I
would lie down, I could feel the mucus fall
ing back into my throat If I fell asleep it
would wake me up, feeling as though I was
choking. I had no appetite. The very
sight of food seemed to make me feel sick.
When I did eat anything, I always had an
inclination to vomit afterward.
N ight sweats set in, and I began to grow
weaker, and was daily losing flesh. My heart
would palpitate, and then it would beat
slowly and irregularly. This was followed by
dizziness, and a taint feeling, especially
when I would arise from a chair. Some ,
times I would stagger for several seconds
as though intoxicated. My other ear be
came affected a few years ago and I was
soon stone deaf. '
"A severe cutting pain came in my
shoulder blade. It was a sharp shooting
pain, and would como so suddenly that
it wonld almost take my breath.
"I remained in this condition foroYct
four years. I was tryinir physicians and
taking medicine continually but all to no
purpose. One day I was told of Drs. Cope
land and Blair, and I went to see them.
I felt confidence fn them, as tbey made so
re at promises, and Iplacedmjself under their
ca"re.
'Gradually I began to feel relief. The pain
In my head and ears ceased. My head became
clear and the dropping of mncus in my throat
stopped and the soreness had left It, I sleep
well and eat well, enjoying mjiood. I have nq
more dizzy spells, and the pain in my shoulder
blade has entirely disappeared.
"But the greatest boon of all that the doctors
have given me is my hearing. I can now hear
ordinary conversation, without any trouble,
when before I could barely hear a person
shouting. I have not bad such good health for
years, and I owe my recover? to the treatment
of Drs. Copeland and Blair."
Mrs. Pratt lives, as stated, at No. 33 High
street, Allegheny, and her statement can be
readily verified. i
UPON THE HEARING.
Showing the Connection and the Signs of
Prqgress.
A large proportion of the troubles of the
ear may be traced to catarrhal affections.
Many sufferers from catarrh will testify to
I the peculiar effect that the disease seems to
nave even in in eariy stages upon me nesr
ing. The roaring and buzzing in the ears is
one of the most familiar symptoms to ca
tarrhal sufferers.
Sometimes the sound which they hear in
their ears is described by them as "steam
going out of a pipe," "the sound of a great
waterfall," "sounds of water overflowing,"
or "steam from a locomotive," as buzzing,
singing, ringing and crackling; sometimes'
like the sounds in a shell held at the ear or
the bursting of bubbles.
Sometimes the sounds are of a beating,
pulsating, throbbing character, in cases
keeping time with the regular beating of the
heart. Sometimes there are several different
sounds sneb as pulsating and buzzing together,
in some cases the sounds are so intensa as to
render life a burden, and there are Instances on
record where the distracted sufferers have re
sorted to suicide to rid themselves of them.
Thero can be no more Important predlspos
lrlg or exciting cause in producinc ear diseases
than catarrh In the nose and throat. The
symptoms of catarrh itself can hardly be mis
taken. In many cases tba patients hare pains
about the chest and sides, and sometimes in
the back. They feel doll ana sleepy; the
mouth has a bad taste, especially In the morn
ing. A sort of sticky slime collects about the
teeth. The appetite is poor. There is a feel
ing lice a heavy load on the stomafiti, some
times a faint, "all gone" sensation at the pit of
the stomach which food does not satisfy. The
eyes are sunken, the hands and feet become
cold and clammy.
After a while a cough sets In. at first dry. but
after a few months it is attendedVwith a greenish-colored
expectoration. The patient feels
tired, all the while, and sleep does not seem to
afford any rest. After a time be becomes
nervous, irritable, and gloomy, and has evil
forebodings. There is a giddiness, a sort of
whirling sensation in the bead when rising up'
suddenly. The bowels become costive, the
skin is dry and hot at times; the blood becomes
thick and stagnant; the whites of the eyes be
come tinged with yellow; the kidney secretions
become scanty and high colored, depositing a
sediment after standing. There Is frequently
a spitting up of food, sometimes with a sour
taste and sometimes with a sweetish taste, this
is frequently attended with palpitation of the
heart and asthmatic symptoms.
DOCTORS
Are located permanently at
66 SIXTH AVE.,
Where they treatwith success all curable eases.
Office hours 8 to 11 A. Jt; 2 to 5 p. x. 7 to9
p. x. (Sunday Included).
Specialties CATARRH, and ALL DIS
EASES ot the EYE, EAR, THROAT and
LUNGS.
Co&fOlUktion, SL Address all mall to
vwrnui. COPELAND 4 BLAIR,
xsumTe..rinrtwsiPK
MM
A"
'. . .m-J5. .i i -t-i .vtuKttv-. -
?y