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14
AUTISTIC KITCHENS.
r ...... ...
Beautiful Rooms Where the Meals of
Miliouaires Are Cooked.
AN IDEAL KITCHEN IN PRANCE.
Exquisite Appointments and Utensils of
the Tandaroilt Eitchen.
COOEIXGBJ. STEAM, GAS AKD CHAECOAL
tWEITTZX rOK THI BISMTCH.
The most ideal kitchen I erer saw was at
Fecamp, famous 'or its Benedictine and
Benedictines ot blessed memory. . "We had
stopped over to take another diligence. The
waiting room, which was also dining room,
was too reminiscent of dinners past and din
gers to come to be tolerable. So, impelled
by the natural instinct after a more agree
able environment, I reached the kitchen.
The change from the grim, weary waiting
room to this airy, spacions kitchen,
filled with gayety and color, had the en
chantment of a transformation scene. The
three large French windows were vine
wreathed. The range was framed in with
scripture tile, and a spit Strang with fowls
cheerily spnn before an open fire. An an
nex to the range also framed in with bine
tiles was filled with holes, each requiring
its own charcoal flame and to be ased as the
service pressed.
Against the walls and over doors and in
panels hung copper pots and pans, arranged
with as much skill as if they were trophies
of arms, and burnished to the last degree
of brilliancy. Long handled frying pans,
like unstrung banjos, were graded down to
baby pans fora single egg without a missing
link, and copper measures, in like manner,
seemed to go o0 toward a varnishing point.
M.ny of these were beautifully wrought
with incised ornament. I will not attempt
to describe the personal attractions ot the
kitchen, the rotund hostess who was cook,
nor the wit and good fellowship which evi
dently made the kitchen a rival of the wine
room, for we are about more serious busi
ness. TheKorman kitchens of the humbler
sort with which I became familiar were all
arranged with reference to form and color,
due presumably to the fact that they were
largely living rooms, and will always be
remembered as among the most artistic
rooms I have ever seen.
LIGHT AND CLEANLINESS.
"Perfect ventilation," said Mr. George
Post, the architect, who is regarded as an
authority on the subject of kitchens, "is
the first consideration in a kitchen, then
come light and the possibilities of perfect
cleanliness."
To get these in a crowded city block and
half buried in the earth, is, in the nature of
things, difficult. Mr. Cornelius Yander
bilt's kitchen was the first of the evolution
ary series which Mr. Post inaugurated. It
is a large room, 33 xl6. There are three
windows on Fifty-seventh street, and these
are peculiarly constructed to receive the
light and air, on which the architect insists.
A bronze grating only is seen from the
street; Within this are shelving panes of
glass which may be opened so as to freely
admit the air yet will prevent the passers
, bv from looking in to see what the Vander
' bilts are going to have for dinner, for there
are people who entertain that sort of curios
ity. Another provision prevents them from
smelling the dishes.
This inheres in the more essential ventila
tion, line range is situated in the remote Xevond Th
corner of the room in order to be near th?Yhand is' that
main Tentilatinc RhnXc nr thp hnnw. rn I .
immense hood is suspended above, wfaich
connects with the shatt and gathering all
the steam and odors passes it through ana,
without losing a single smeJl'"out of the
honj This is an immense 'advantage as
everyone livinjf; in tjba-city hbpsea around
which linger the scent of perpetual dinners
knows.
The range is in fact two ranges separated
by a partition. These are built out from
the wall and behind are two horizontal boil
ers. Attached at one end is the charcoal
broiler, at the other is the roaster which
consists of a low grate with a spit attached
to a jack moved by clockwork, and a semi
circular Dutch oven. Of course for ordi
nary occasions but one spit is used.
SOME CONVENIENCES.
At this end of the room the cook moves, a
cherry table at his right hand, his copper
treasures in a pot closet at liis left, the
dresser at his back. Tnis dresser has no
back except the enamelled tiles of the wall.
This, too, is a consideration in a city wh'ch
lacking the necessary supply cf Cretan
water, is overstocked with Cro'ton begs, in
sects which show an unreasonable disposi
tion to colonize in the seams of dressers,
that they pry open for that purpose.
At the other end of the room the kitchen
maid moves. At one side is the table at
which she prepares her vegetables, and op
posite the porcelain lined sink and draining
table where they are washed. This sink is
provided with a grease 'trap, a clever ar
rangement by which the grease is chilled
and adheres until it can be removed and the
stoppage of pipes thereby prevented. In
front of the windows is a long table for the
4 preparation of entrees, and beneath this are
closed compartments. Hear by is the chop-
?ing block, its architecture that of the
utchers' block. The pastry shares a
cooler room, which the scullery maids also
occupy.
I have been specific because this kitchen
lias been thoughtfully considered.and while
it has what is needed, has only what is
needed. The floor is laid in red and gray
encaustic tiles, the walls are lined with
cream enameled tiles, and there is no reason
here, as Mr. Post suggests, why a hose
should not play without detriment to any
thing but dirt.
Mr. W. K. Vanderbilt's chef has had
such renown that the temple in which he
moves and the altar at which he officiates
must be of interest. Both are worth his cost
to import, and worthy his talents. Mr.
Vanderbilt's kitchen is really very beauti
ful to the eye. The purity of marble, the
luster of tiles and the gleam of metal are
what one sees. The floor is of marble, the'
-shelves, the tables, the sinks, all the things
that are rarely moved are of marble and cut
with the precision of jewels. The walls are
lined with cream enamelled tiles and all the
angles are covered with brass mouldings.
"Where these meet the doors and the win
dows they are covered with these metal
mouldings, dispensing even with wooden
trim. The ceiling is made of white
enamelled tiles set in cement. But one does
not imperil the head of a 10,000 cook with
a loosely set brick, so each tile is also
secured with raised metal bolts.
SPLENDID COOKING UTENSILS.
Accenting all this gleam of white
and
metal is the large double range. It is similar
to that already described. and set in one
corner under a large semi-circular hood en
riched with embossed copper ornaments,and
swung from iron bars wrought in spirals
and foliations. This hood, the purpose of
which has already "been described, is so
powerful an agent in carrying off the odor
and greasy steam that it will waft from the
hand a newspaper held under it
The cooking utensils are in keeping with
All this splendor. They are of copper, with
wrought iron handles, many of them orna
mented, and some of them have been copied
from special pieces in the Cluny and other
museums. Luxurious cooking utensils are
Indeed the thing of the moment, and a
wedding present not disdained is a set of
copper silver lined such as aie now dis
played among gems and gold at the jewelers.
Leading from the kitchen to the butler's
pantry are spiral stairs entirely enclosed in
glass to shut out possible odor yet retain
the light And this is so successfully done
that although the kitchen it directly below
the dining room and butler's pantry.nothing
disagreeable makes its way aloft
Before referring to another attachment of
this kitchen, allusion should be made to the
pilM Mdhsie outlet 'a tie Mt f tJjSXfje,
marble floor, for it is by a hose which may
play fearlessly in any part of the room that
the kitchen is kept clean. Connected with
the kitchen and built under the sidewalk is
a series of vaults. These are for ice, meat,
vegetables, milk and eggs, and are built in
three sections ot hollow masonry that may
be kept tree lrom damp, and perfect ventila
tion. The heavier insure articles, such as
ice and meat, are let in through the side
walk with derrick and hoist, which relieves
the kitchen of a good deal of unpleasantness,
' as every housekeeper may imagine.
THE LATEST THING.
The very latest thing in kitchens is that
of the Oate Savarin, in the fine new build
ing of the Equitable Insurance Company,
inlower Broadway. Although it i intend
ed to feed 3,000 people between noon and 3
o'clock, its methods, appliances and perfect
organization present hints to people who
dine in more moderate numbers. Through
the courtesy of Mr- Dolver, the Superin
tendent, I was allowed to inspect it just be
fore the fray began.
It is a large open apartment at the top of
the house, reached by"elevators. The floor
is laid with white encanstio tiles, and the
walls are ceiled and lined with lustrous
white enamelled tiles. Three ranges are
built out in the floor, and the 42 cooks skir
mish on all sides. This position of the
range is approved in some private nouses,
as it gives the cook greater command of her
resources. Between these ranges were two
long tables and in the center of each was a
sunken square of tin or zinc perforated with
holes. In these basins stood tin handleless
pails and around them water surged and
spluttered. These were the steam tables,
and in them all the cooking that requires no
browning or crust is done.
The question of fuel is now a very open
one. In this Kitchen everything that can
be done by steam is done, and as steam is
required for the other purposes of the build
ing, tbe fuel is practically saved, not to
speak of the lack of wear and. tear inmerely
turning the wrist to let the steam off and
on. At Billett's, which is small but the
most fashionable of the downtown restaur
ants, all the cooking is done by gas. And
while talking with Mr. Post, he recalled an
engagement that afternoon to see some cook
ing done by electricity. Press a button and
tbe pot boils.
But steam will not broil, bake or roast;
this handicaps it greatly for private use. In
this kitchen there were separate charcoal
fires for broiling. A large brick oven in the
center of the room for the pastry with gas
lighted peep holes for the pastry cook, and
a tremendous upright grate with three tiers
of. spits before which fowls were now spin
ning and shedding juices gloriously. The
spit and the upright grate make the one
luxury that private kitchens, however un
pretentious, should try to afford. One need
not be so fastidious as tbe old Norman epi
cures who required their fowls to be roasted
before apple tree logs, but the kiss of the
flames is certainly transforming and ideal
izes even the pig as we have been delight
fuUy told.
SAvnro space.
Every piece of furniture in the kitchen
has a special definite purpose to fulfill. The
brawny butchers occupy one corner with
their battle axes. The pastry cooks prac
tice the fiDe arts on their own area, the men
cuning with their knives keep within their
own barriers. Everything is calculated to
save space and time. Above each ranee
are horizontal bars, from which hantr tire
long-nanaiea copper pans which the nimble
cooks manipulate with the 'rajftdity and
ease of tbe tumbler in the ciroas.
To the waiter, alwaytin anguish be
tween the wrath ot thyTiungry man and
the boot toe of the coojehe kitchen at the
top of the house iw-a saving grace. He
never, by anyyfchance, can encounter the
cook, and leaning against the dumb waiter
while hiviands descend gets a few seconds
to brt6 himself tin to Inept thl Uinndprino'
baow of his client in the brilliant restaurant
The disadvantage on the other
any inaccuracy in filling the
order cannot be ascertained'for some time,
but this way insures accuracy.
Something was said last week of the
movement to rescue the top floor. This goes
hand in hand with private elevators. There
is also another movement toward elevating
the kitchen dynamically. One of the most
novel of the private is that of Dr. Morton,
on Fifty-second street west All the house
hold offices are on the top floor. The serv
ants' bedroomsare in front. Midway is the
laundry with tiled floor and wainscoting;
connecting with it is the servants' sitting
room, and opening into if the kitchen.
THE COOK'S THBONE.
This is a noble room, with windows that
catch the first rays of the morning sun and
the last rays of his benign majesty, and com
mand the distant prospect right and left.
Onemay well envy the cook her private do
minion. Mrs. Morton, with more practical
mind, tells me that the saving of gas bills is
of consideration. There is also a consider
able saving of time, as the ashman, the rag
man, the pcddl&rs of all wares, soon discover
that there is neither pleasure nor profit in
the area. The humanitarian aspect of this
elevated kitchen is worth notice when one
considers the army of servants that spend
their lives in basements inaccessible to air
and light.
Mrs. Morton savs that by organizing her
household carefufly, less, not more, servants
are required. A great lift is used at stated
intervals by the man who manages the fur
nace, everything else is brought up on
dumb waiters, and a servants' stairway is
screened off by a pretty arrangement of
spindles. The clothes are dried on top of
the house, and in a cold room above the
kitchen meats are hung and perishable arti
cles kept
It is not a misapplication of an adjective
to call some of the kitchens in the hand
somer apartment houses beautiful. These
are small but calculated to a nicety. In
fact, except when there is a staffof servants,
it is a mistake to have a large kitchen. It
wastes the time and takes the strength of
ithe cook to cover more space than is re
quired. As these kitchens are placed in the
least advantageous parts of the house, every
care is taken vto give them ajl the light and
air possible. The floors are tiled. The
walls are lined with enamel tiles usually
white, but some times made gayer with col
ored tiles, blue or pink. The sinks are por
celain lined and the faucets silver plated.
The cupboards and dressers are in light
natural woods and the glass unspotted. The
cook feels as if she is in a jewel box or is a
precious article enshrined in a cabinet and
the probabilities are that she strives to keep
her situ ation. Maby Gat Humphbets.
Helping; the Help.
Mrs. TJpton Platte (to Nora, who had
been the belle of the Micky Duggan Coterie
the previous evening) Come, breakfast is
all ready. I don't believe your last mistress
ever did that much for yon?
Nora She did, mum, an' more. She
brought me breakfast up to me. Puck,
,An Epidemic ot Scarlet Ferer.
rSrXCLU. TEI.ZQE.Uf TO TBI DISFATCH.1
CADIZ, May 4. Scarlet fever in Its worst
form is raging in this place, and all schools
have been ordered to close until it has
abated. There hare been six deaths and
new cases are reported daily.
All the new shades and colors in awn
ings at Maaaux & Son's, 537 and 639 Peon
THE
THE TEXAS COWBOY.
Au Elaborate Defense of a Much-Maligned
Individual.
U0T A PICTURESQUE BRAVO,
"But a Highly Educated, Eefined and Chiv
alrous Gentleman.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND AMUSEMENTS
There is probably no class about which so
much pure fiction has been written, and be
lieved, as about the Texas cowboy. I say
Texas cowboy, because it was the Texas
cowboy who first made the name. famous.
The Eastern and remote periodicals have
illustrated him as a person going about
with a Winchester slune to his back, four
huge revolvers in his belt, and a long
bowie knife in each bootleg a regular
walking arsenal. The artists have fitted
him up in clothes which would make an
ancient Comanche warrior ashamed of his
lack of picturesque savagery in dress. This
Eastern cowboy picture, or Eastern picture
of a Texas cowboy, always has a hat with a
brim as large as the dome of the Mormon
Temple, a woolen overshirt, opened in front
with fancy flowers embroidered on it, and
twilled silk cord in lieu of buttons and with
tassels at the ends.
Now, the truth is, the Eastern man would
not recognize a Texas cowboy were he to see
one even out on a drive, not to mention if
he were-to meet one in town. I was a trav
eling correspondent for an Eastern paper
down in Texas and Mexico for over IS years,
says a writer in the Chicago Tribune, and
never saw a single cowboy like those I had
always read about and seen illustrated.
A SCHOLAR AND A GENTLEMAN.
To begin with, he is frequently a scholar.
I remember in 1874 to have examined the
diplomas of 63 young men out in "Wise,
Clay and Hardeman counties, Texas, out
of 102 cowboys. And those diplomas were
from snch universities as Harvard, Yale,
Princeton, the University of Virginia and
the leading institutions of the land. These
young men had gone out to try their for
tunes, some with ample means to start tor
themselves when they had learned the busi
ness lor it must be thoroughly learned to
attain success; some of them for their, health,
and many to get a start And at the cattle
men's conventions here I meet many of those
same cowboys of 15 years ago who are now
cattle kings and known as men of culture
and wealth, and who are .sought after so
cially. The Texas cowboy is almost always a gen
tleman. I do not mean that he always has
the polish of a Chesterfield or. the acquired
suavity in modo of an Admirable Crichton.
I mean that he Is eallant. auick to respond
to every appeal for assistanceihe-avowed
slave and defender pf a woman's name and
honor. Aifdhe'is not so awkward in a
drawiBg'room as one would suppose, as he
,g6es there more frequently than some of
those who would caricature him.
HIS 2IANNEB OF DRESS, v
On the trail tbe cowboy is rough of dress.
Going through brush and thorns and out in
rain and storm as he has to do, the cowboy
needs clothing which will not tear and will
turn water and keep out cold or heat The
hide of cows and horses and goats, dressed
with the hair out, serves both purposes, and
the Texas cowboy adopted this as a kind of
overalls to put on over his trousers. He
wears a broad-brimmed hat so as to pro
tect him from the sun and rain. He
doesn't wear tremendous spurs at all.
Sometimes he doesn't wear any. If he
does, they are a small pair with short rowels
and seldom used. He pre ers his Mexican
quirt, a small, plaited riding whip with
fancy knots and twists made on the handle.
His boots are the most unique thins about
his appearance. And when he is off duty,
and in town on what might be called dress
parade, these boots mark out the Texas cow
boy more than any 'other part of his attire,
except, perhaps, his diamond rings, or pins,
if they might be called attire. These boots
Are made to order and are never cheap. The
conspicuous part of them is their heels.
They have high and small heels, which are
slanted forward till they almost reach under
the middle of the foot
The Texas cowboy is not' a shooter of
met. He carries a six-shooter when he is
awav out on the trail where the professional
cattle thieves and the Mexican and Indian
robbers bold full sway. But he
never carries it in his belt when he goes into
a city or a town. The cowboy carries a
Winchester rifle on the trail, but it is slung
under his right stirrup in a leather "scab
bard." True, once in a while a cowboy does
go into a town, get drunk, and shoot
around, maybe shooting throueh a window
or doing some other damage. But he doesn't
hurt anyone, and he is almost invariably
arrested, his companions helping to turn
him over to the authorities and paying his
fine next morning, and then they give him
a -"cussin' " for being snch a fool. This kind
of a cowboy is an exception.
HIS ACCOMPLISHMENTS.
It is in his skill with the lasso and his
horsemanship, as well as his acenracy of
aim vith a pistol or rifle while going at full
gallop, that the Texas cowboy is pre-eminent
And it is his proficiency in these
which has aided in giving him the terrible
name he bears, no doubt Theromantio
name of the Azteo as a horseman and a
thrower of the lasso pales before the accom
plishments of the Texas cowboy in
those feats. He carries his lasso coiled
ready for instant use, and fastened to
the horn (pommel) of his saddle with a
buckskin string so looped that a slight jerc
loosens it and puts it in his hands in one
movement This is more to be feared than
his six-shooter, as his aim with it it abso
lutely unerring. I have seen him catch a
steer, going at full speed, by any foot he de
sired. He can do this nine in ten times.
And it is this, coupled with his horseman
ship, which is part of the art of throwing
the lariat (lasso), which makes the Texas
cowboy so famous.
He can ride anything in the way of a
horse. He lassoes a wild horse, claps a sad
dle on him, blinds him and mounts, strips
1 the blinds off and then calmly sits on tbe
pony s hurricane deck while he pitches all
over the prairie trying to unseat the rider.
As soon as the pony is bridle-wise he is
trained to help in the lasso throwing. This
consists in teaching the horse to run after
straying members of a herd until he sees the
lasso shoot out in front of him, and feels a
pull a slight pull on the bridle, when he
must suddenly stop, throw himself on his
haunches, and brace his fore feet in front
with all his might This brings the steer to
the ground, as the lasso is made fast to the
horn of the saddle, and is as firm as if tied
to a post when that little pony braces him
self so.
HOW HE AMUSES HIMSELF.
The cowboy sometimes amuses himself in
thiswise. He gets on his pony and has an
other well trained one ready and induces
some city man who thinks he is a rider
from "way back," because he has attended
an equestrian school, to mount. Then he
gives the stranger a few lessons in lasso
throwing and they start out after a "beef,"
that is driven from the herd. The ponies
give chase, and the tenderfoot manages
finally to throw his lasso oyer the head of
the flying steer. As soon as the trained
pony sees the lasso fix itself over the head
of the recalcitrant steer he knows it is
time for.him to do his part, and he does it,
too. Quick as lightning he stops, throws
hii forefeet ont in front, draws his hind
feet under him and his career of 30 miles an
hour is suddenly reduced to ahalt Not so
with his astonished rider, who keeps Tight
on and shoots over the head of the astonished
pony, who is amazed to see his rider flying
20 feet ahead of him, plowing up a furrow
in the hard, virgin prairie with his nose.
The pony, too well trained to move-uniil the
steer either gets up and makes off. again or
I 3 A -..t.tl. Jt-J.J'f .Vi: .1 I
i too&eueu, bi lucre mui etuo uuuwu jot-
i Jittiu &uu uwu.ua, lumeuuou. kvsuvuuk sii
PITTSBTJK& DISPATCH, SUKDAT, MAY 5,
the unusual sight, the only one who does
not enjoy the spectacle, except his late rider.
After this experience, which the cowboys
call "initiating a tenderfoot," the Eastern
man ceases to brag about his horsemanship
and soon learns to lie as expert as tire best of
the natives.
p HIS MARKSMANSHIP
The marksmanship of the Texas' cowboy
is a marvel. He can gallop at lull speed and
hit a jack raboit running with his pistol or
Winchester. Some of them become so ac
curate in their aim while thus riding at full
gallop that they can throw up a tincup and
put two and three bullets in it before it
reaches the ground.
Ana even the style ot cowDoy i nave
pictured, which is the genuine Texas cow
boy, can no longer be found in Texas, except
away out on the extreme border of the "ter
ritory" and along the Bio Grande. He has
been crowded out by the wire fence, which
makes it no longer necessary to herd cattle.
The cowboy can flourish only where he has
to "stand guard and herd" day in and day
out, in all kinds cf weather, sometimes be
ing several days and nights in the saddle
without sleeping,. except napping in his
seat on his pony. This he does frequently.
To see him in town is not to recognize
him except by that peculiar walk noticeable
to a close observer as belong to a man who
spends most of his time on horseback. It is
a walk that resembles a cross between a
man trying to step over potato hills and one
trying to lift himself over the fence by his
suspenders. He can be found mostly fn
Western and Northwestern Texas and in
Wyoming Territory. la the cities he
dresses in the best, is modest and quiet in
manners, observes everything around him,
puts up at the best hotels, and is lavish in
spending his money.
PULLING TEETH BI ELECTRICITY.
A New Method of Removing Troublesome
filolan Practiced In Boston.
Boston people nowadays have their super
fluous teeth drawn by electricity. The pro
cess is very simple, scarce any apparatus
being required beyond an ordinary two-cell
battery with vibrator attachments. This at
tachment is a thin strip of metal fastened at
the ends, which is made to vibrate a thou
sand or more times a second by the elec
tric current At each vibration the circuit
is cut off and renewed again, the effect
being to give a perfectly steady flow of the
mysterious fluid. In order to make sure
that the flow is quite satisfactory, the oper
ator tunes the machine assisted by a little
reed tuning pipe until the strip of metal
sings "A." Now, to the battery are attached
three wires. Two of them handles at the
ends, and(the third is hitched to a forceps.
' The patient in the chair is given a handle
to hold in each hand, and the current is
turned on gradually until it becomes pain
ful. Then he is told to grasp the handle as
strong as possible, the electricity having
been switched off for a moment is turned
on again suddenly, and the dental surgeon
applies his forceps simultaneously to the
tooth. The instant the molar is touched, it,
as well as the other parts surrounding, be
comes electrified and absolutely insensible
to pain. When it is withdrawn front the
socket the subject of the operation feels not
the slightest disagreeable sensation. A
jerk, and the tooth is out, the patient drops
the electric handles and the painless affair
is over.
KENTUCKY DIALECT.
Queer Expressions Anions tbeSIonntalneera
of tbe Bine Gran Stale.
Louisville Conrler-Jonnn).
The Kentucky mountain vernacular also
has peculiarities, which Charles Egbert Crad
dock did not find or notice in his Tennes
see mountaineers. Here a man who wants
to say he fired two shots says he shot
two shots. The Western expression ot get
ting the drop is never used, the moun
taineer saying instead that he "throwed his
gun furst" The prefixes in and im are not
known, un being used instead, as "unpossi
ble," for instance. To "mislist" a' man is
to deceive and ill treat him, and when a
man says "his word is his jint" he wants
to convey the impression that he is speaking
as truthfully as'if under oath.
The queer expressions are so numerous
that it is hard to understand all that is said.
A dialogue that was a gem in its way was
indulged in by two young mountain gal
lants, one asking: "Be it mohe fur you to
see Nance this afternoon?" The answer
was: "No; I don't have bound to, but I
aim to." The man who has knocked on a
door, when asked what he wants, says: "I
want in," and in the same style he wonld
ask a stranger: ''How might you call you?"
They have no difficulty in understanding
each other, however, for English is treated
in the same manner by all, and even those
who can read and write talk a great deal as
do the less learned.
SUBJECT TO A DRAWBACK".
How Imported Iron Can be Made Into Ralls
Without Faring- Dnty.
Washington, May 4. Inquiry was re
cently made at the Treasury Department as
to whether railway iron cat be imported
from England for re-manufacture into frogs
and switches and re-exported to Mexico for
use by the Mexican Central Eailway with
out payment of duty. Assistant Secretary
Tichenor has informed the inquirer that if
the frogs and switches referred to shall be
manufactured exclusively of imported ma
terial a drawback can be allowed on the ex
portation of the manufactured articles equal
to the amount of duty paid on the imported
material used in their manufacture, less the
legal retention of 10 per cent, butthatif any
domestic materials whatever are used in the
manufacture of said articles no drawback
can be obtained thereon.
Assistant Secretary Tichenor also said
that there is no provision of law under
which imported rails'can be manufactured
in bond into other articles and exported
without payment of duty.
QUIETED WITH A HOSE.
The Peculiar Method Used to Quel! a Riot
In Michigan.
Manisteo, Mich., May 4. The Polish
priest of this place was assaulted on the
street this morning by one faction of his
chnrch followers and a general riot resulted,
in which both men and women participated.
The militia was called out to quell the riot
and the fire department was also called out
and turned the hose upon the mob. After
nearly drowning several of the rioters peace
was restored.
The Sheriff attempted to arrest the lead
ers of the disturbance and was attacked by
the women, several of whom were knocked
down. Ten of the rioters have been jafled
and a gnard is stationed at the priest's house
to prevent further trouble.
STILL SAIS IT IS TRUE.
The Name of tbe Young Woman Restored to
Life Not Yet Known.
St. Louis, May 4. The remarkable case
of catalepsy reported yesterday on informa
tion given by a sister of the yonng married1
woman who was rescued from the coffin, as
alleged, has attracted widespread attention
to-day, but the mystery surrounding the
case is as deep as ever. The young woman
who related the story reiterated it to-day.
The parties living at 721 South Fourth
street, where the young woman resides, de
cline to reveal her name. Tjie tenant of 721
is one Alois Zehrer. The local newspapers
are working hard on the case in the hope of
getting at the facts.
Cloak Depaetment. All the latest
styles of wraps, jackets, mantles, etc., in
large assortment Huotrs & Hacee.
Mwrsn
PlXK,blue, cream, ladies' ribbed vests Uo,
worth 25c, at Bosenbaum & Co's.
Pbtmbosb awnings at Mamanx & Son'
C-XT -J tOO T. ... 1
wi Mtu ww cuu ttYWiw.
EVERYDAY SCIENCE.
The Application-of Air to Increase
Heat in Melting Furnaces.
PAPER FOR BUILDING PURPOSES.
A Eapld Method of Converting Grade Iron
Into Steel.
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL NOTES.
rfSEPABID TOS TUX mSPi.TCH.1
Headers ot The Dispatch who desire
information on subjects relating to indus
trial development and progress in mechan
ical, civil and electrical engineering and
the sciences can have their queries answered
through this column.
Mr. Iorin Blodget, of Philadelphia, in a
treatise on the possibility of obtaining heat
from air without the use of much carbon
aceous fuel, says that in all cases where a
powerful blast is applied to the limited area
of a melting furnace, and particularly in
the Bessemer converter, the degree of heat
is greatly in excess of the theoretical yield
of the number of pounds of coal consumed.
From this and other data, and especially
from the fact that not less than 4,000 of
neat can be attained with a mere initiative
of carbonaceous combustion, and main
tained indefinitely by merely preserving
the encandescence of the surface, he argues
that we are on the verge of new revelations
in the matter of heat production, and that
the line of reasonable progress lies in the
direction of relief from dependence on the
combustion of carbon, organio or inorganic,
as the source of heat for economio purposes.
Exterminating Rabbits In Australia.
M. Pasteur's plan of exterminating the
rabbits by inoculation with transmittable
virus has not proved a success in Australia.
A simple and easy method, however; has
been proposed by Mr. Bodier, of Tambua,
Cobar, New South Wales, which is said,
after eight months' trial, to -have cleared
the districts where it has been put into prac
tice. The rabbits are captured in nets or
otherwise, but, while all the females taken
are destroyed, the males are turned out
again. The conseequence of the predom
inance of males which naturally follows is
that the females, owing to excessive perse
cution, are not only prevented from breed
ing, but often "worried to death."
EncalTPtn Verses Mosquito.
It will be a source of comfort to many to
know that where the eucalyptus tree is
grown in large quantities entire immunity
is obtained from mosquitos, although the
air may be thick with the insects at a com
paratively short distance.
Paper for Bnlldlng.
Paper for building purposes has many
advantages. It can be made in rolls of
almost any width or length, and wiU stop
the passage of air because there are no
joints. It has no grain like wood, and will
not split It is not affected by change of
temperature, and, therefore, has the advant
age over sheet metal as roofing material. It
may be rendered waterproof by saturation
with asphalt or by other methods. It is
non-resonant. It is a non-conductor of heat
and can be made fire-resisting by chemical
treatment By being solidified it can le
place wood for many purposes, and after
proper preparation, it is unaffected by heat,
coia, or dampness.
Quick Firing.
The strides that are being taken in the
improvement in heavy guns has recently
been exemplified near Dartford. where, in-
the course of a series of experiments, the
Maxim automatic gun of 0.45 caliber fired
334 rounds in 27 seconds, ,
A Rival of tbe Bpns Tree.
The discovery is reported'of a deadly gas
spring in Yellowstone Park. It is stated
that it rises through a small creek, to which
it gives the appearance of boiling, although
the water is quite cold, and its exhalations
have killed squirrels and other small crea
tures. Further up the gulch the odorf gas
becomes more intense, and there in addition
to the carcass of a silver-tip grizzly, on
which there were.no signs of violence,' were
found, it is said, the bones of four more
bears, an elk, and other smaller animals.
Lead Poisoning,
Among the many singular instances of
lead-poisoning placed on record recently, is
that of a florist who had.been in the habit of
biting off the ends of the tinfoil used as
wrappers for hand boquets. Another pa
tient at St Luke's Hospital, who was suffer
ing from lead colic, was found to have been
in the habit for several weeks of drinking
beer from bottles which were cleaned by his
employer with lead shot It is not many
years since several cases of lead-poisoning
were traced to the use of a popular brand of
chewing tobacco which was wrapped in tin
foil. Cnre of Inebriety.
Dr. Elliot, in a recent lecture at Toronto,
gives the four principal conditions that must
be observed for the treatment of inebriates
to be successful. The first is abstinence;
this must be absolute, and on no plea what
ever, of fashion, of physio or religion, ought
the smallest quantity of an intoxicant to be
put to the lips of an alcoholic slave. The
second condition to ascertain the predis
posing and exciting causes of inebriety, and
to endeavor to remove those causes, which
may lie in some remote or deep-seated phys
ical ailment The third condition is to re
store the physical and mental tone, and the
fourth condition is employment; let the
mind of the patient be kept occupied by at
tention to regular work, and the task of
reformation will be shorn of half its diffi
culty. ,
Tannin Treatment of Phthisis.
A Belgian physician, who has tried this
treatment on all his phthisical patients for
the last 20 months states that it gives excel
lent results in all stages of the disease, es
pecially in the condition where cavities ex
ist He considers that the general results
of this treatment are most encouraging.
Telephones for Infections Wards.
It is stated on the authority otthe Medical
Press, that it is proposed to apply tele
phones to the infectious wards of theFrench
hospitals, so as to enable the sick people to
have the comfort ot hearing their relatives'
voices without any risk of conveying in
fection bv an interview. This is indeed en
listing sciencein the cause of humanity.
A Photographing Phonograph.
An invention which has already been
foreshadowed is reported from Mexico. By
speakfng in a photophone transmitter,
which consists oNa highly polished dia-
fihragm, reflecting a ray of light, this ray of
igdt is set into vibration and a photograph,
is made of it on a, traveling baud of paper.
If tbe image of this photographic tracing is
S rejected by means of an electric arc or oxy
ydrogen light'upon a solenium receiver,
the original speech is then heard.
Electric Dice Table.
A novel application of electricity has
been made by a saloon keeper at Port Costa.
His wonderful success with dice at length
aroused the snspioion of the authorities, and
on an examination being made a steel plate
was found connected with an electrical
battery beneath, so that a current could be
applied whenever the Ingenins devotee. of
science wanted to shake, hteh. bv nrsseinz
L889.
his knee against a knob. The dice were, of
course, loaded, and would work very well
without the battery, but when the current
was applied the sixes invariably came out
on top. The enterprising saloon keeper
is said to have realized 51,800 by his clever
rascality.
Work Done by the Telephone.
It is pointed out in a New York electrical
paper that the statement that the Bell Tele
phone Company of ' this country have in
operation about 170,000 miles of wire, over
which 1,055,000 messages are transmitted
daily, conveys to the average mind no
realization of what the figures actually
mean. It therefore puts the matter differ
ently. "When wo say, however, that if the
telephone wires were stretched in a continu
ous line thev would reach about seven times
around tbe world, and that, if the messages'
transmitted every day were sent tnrougn
one set of instruments allowing two min
utes for each message it would require
something like ten rears to transmit them
all, we get some sort of an, idea of what an
important factor the telephone is in the
great mechanism of modern civilization."
Sngnr an an Antl-Incrastator.
Some interesting experiments are saidHo
have been recently made in the employment
of sugar as an agent to prevent the incrusta
tion of steam boilers. The results are re
ported as highly satisfactory. Into a boiler
of 20-horse power and containing 126 cubes,
two kilometers of sugar were introduced
every week, and after four months working
under these conditions tbe incrustation on
the boiler, which had formerly been badly
incrusted every six weeks, was found to con
sist only of a thin film, which was easily re
moved by washing.
Hnsklng Corn by Machinery.
An Austin inventor has devised a steel
corn busker, which, drawn by a team, picks
and husks the corn at the rate of 8 to 12
acres a day, according to the capacity of the
team. The team and machine move astride
the row, one horse on each side, and every
ear o! corn, large or small, is picked up.
Corn busking can now be done just as
threshing is, lasting but a few days.
Peach Stones an Fa el.
The fruit growers of California, finding
that peach stones make an excellent fuel,
are now selling them at the rate of $6 a
ton. A sack of stones will weigh about 80
pounds, and is said to last as long as an
equal number of pounds of coal and give an
even greater heat This will form a very
welcome supplement to the income of the
fruit raisers.
Oil on Stormy Seas.
A most ingenious and valuable invention
is the cartridge devised by Mr. Walker, of
Hartford, Conn., for distributing oil over
troubled waters. It holds about two ounces
of oil, and can be fitted in an ordinary
cartridge shell and discharged from an or
dinary breech-loader. The cartridge, weight
ed at the end with lead, sinks into the
waves and the oil rises to the top and
spreads like a film over the waves. By
means of these cartridges, it is stated that a
path an eighth of a mile in breadth can
be made through the heaviest of seas.
Converting Crude Iron Into Steel.
M. Bobert, of Stenay, France, has patent
ed a rapid mode, of converting iron into
steel by providing means lor maintaining
constant relations throughout the whole
period of conversion, which is effected by
varying the position and volume of the
blast He applies a blast of air to a body of
molten metal at a maximum pressure at the
beginning of the operation, and after thus
overcoming the inertia of the metal and im
parting to it the proper speed of gyratory
motion, he lowers the level of the blast, with
out carrying it into the body ot the metal,
and varies its pressure and volume in ac
cordance with the requirements caused by
the reduction in tbe combustible elements of
the iron and the increased fluidity of the
metal. ,
An Improved Boiler.
Experiments have been made at the naval
arsenal in Brest, France, by the officers of
the Government with a boiler furnished with
tubes having ribs or flanges on tbe inside, so
as to prevent a larger surface for the absorp
tion of the heat of the fire. The projection
of the flanges is about one-quarter the diam
eter of the tube, and eight ot them are placed
at equal distances around the inner surface.
The results gained would seem to indicate
an economy of 18 to 24 per cent in the' con
sumption of coal, when compared with the
working of the ordinary smooth tubes.
IN WATER UP TO HIS HEAD.
A Colored Well Digger Hon a Feorfol
Etrngglo to Escape Drowning.
Baltimobe, May 4. John Simmons, a
colored well-digger, had a terrible struggle
for life yesterday. He was digging a well
in the yard of 1427 West Lombard street,
and had been in the well all morning.
About 10:30 o'clock Simmons was heard
to give a yell, and when assitance
came he was" found to be planted in the
bottom ot the well with the earth packed
solidly around his body. When the earth
fell it molded itself about him so quickly
that he had not even opportunity to
straighten his limbs, and had to remain in
a painful attitude.
A man was lowered into the well and
managed to draw ont from about Simmons'
body the large pieces of scantling that
formed the framework which had fallen
from above. He could not extricate Sim
mons, however. By various slow methods
a portion of the fallen clay was dug from
about his body, a rope was placed under his
arms and an effort was made to pull him out.
but he screamed so much on account of pain
that he was allowed to sink back into his
former position. The work of digging was
then renewed. Simmons all this time was
pleading with the workmen to save his life.
As the afternoon grew on. water flowed into
the excavation, rising slowly about the poor
man's shoulders until it rea'ched his month.
A man was then lowered to bail out the pit-
vv une toe water wan oeing uiKen oat oiui-
mons had to throw his head back in order to
get his breath. When the water had been
taken out the digging continued, and at 5.30
o'clock Simmons was hauled out He had
been in there five hours.
Arrested on a Charge of Embezzlement
fEFECIAL TELXGBAV TO THE DI8PATCTI.1
Scottdale, May 4. E. W. P. Bichard
son, agent of the Scottdale and Everson
Land Company, was arrested at this place
to-day on a charge of embezzlement, pre
ferred by Barclay Everson, President of the
land company. Mr. Bichardson gave titil
for his appearance at a hearing next Thurs
day. You Need It Now
To Impart strength and to give a feeling of
health and vigor throughout tbe system, there
Is nothing equal to Hood's Sarsaparilla, It
seems peculiarly adapted to overcome that tired
feeling caused by change of season, climate or
life, and while It tones and sustains tbe system,
It purifies andrenovat.es tbe blood. We earn
estly urge the large army of clerics, book
keepers, school teachers, housewives, oper
atives and all others who have been closely
confined dunng the winter nd who need a
good spring medicine, to try Hood's Sarsapa
rilla now. It will do you good.
"Every spring for years I have made it a
practice to take from three to five bottles of
Hood's SarsaparUla, because I know it purifies
the blood and thoroughly cleanses the system
of all Impurities. That languid feeling, some
times Called 'spring fever,' will never visit the
system that has been properly cared for by this
never-failing remedy." W. H. Lawbehce,
Editor Agricultural Epitomise, Indianapolis.
Hood's Sarsaparilla
Sold by all druggists. SI: six for 85. Prepared.
oniy oj v. x. nuuu a u., ijoweii, juase.
100 Doses Ofie Dollar
NEW ADTEKTESEXEXTS.
HOPPER BROS. & CO.,
PIONEERS OF LOW PRICES,
BTT
Tact, Energy and Perseverance, have placed'fthem
selves in position to demand the recognition of
being "? '
TPOT.TrnvroRT1
l mw li III
In their line in the city. Now, what we wish
understand by beingf foremost
where we do not manufacture the goods, we deal directly with
the manufacturers, saving quite an item of expense, that thej
buyer is compelled to pay when dealing with those who are
compelled to buy in small quantities. The difference, or mid-""
dle'man's profit, is quite a big saving to the customer. -?
Then, having the space or room, we certainly can show a
greater variely of goods. Also being the only dealers in this
line, being PRACTICAL MECHANICS, have a more
thorough understanding of the business, and, being versed in
the art, understanding thoroughly all the different trades in
connection with the Furniture and its kindred branches, can .
converse intelligently on any subject offered by us for sale
BUY FROM THE MANUFACTURERS. We are offer-'
ing an elegant line of
BEDROOM SUITS
At prices that, when you compare qualities with .other
houses the common confession is "Don't let's look. any
further."
OUR PARLOR. 9UITS
Have the reputation the city over for being the best for the
money. Those goods when purchased from us are bought
directly from, the hands of the manufacturer. No shop-worn
goods are sold. We are making a special drive on
REFRIGERATORS, ICE CHESTS AND
BABY CARRIAGES.
Remember that there is nothing, about the house but
what we carry in stock. '
We are sole agents for the DAVIS NEW HIGH-ARM'
SEWING-MACHINE, which has no equal. Selling direct
from the store we save the customer at least $26 on each
machine,
CASH OR EASY PAYMENTS.
HOPPER BROS. & CO., "
307 WOOD STREET. - 307f
Open Saturday Evening Until 10 O'clock, r - v
CONCEDED
THAT WE
"R if'
.jeadin
g : iriiinery :
OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA,
And H is a well-known fact that we carry the Largest Stock
of Untrimmed Hats, the Largest Stock'of Ribbons and the
Largest Stock of Flowers: That the prettiest Trimmed Bon
nets and Hats in town are to be found in the handsomely
appointed show rooms of
DANZIGER& SHQENBERG.
Styles the Latest, Workmanship the Best and Prices
the Most Popular.
Oloalkzs am.cL Wraps
Ladies' Fancy Cloth Jackets, tailor made,
feasant Garments, new shades, $T 49.
Embroidered Cashmere Fichus at?l 49.
Flannel Tennis Blouses, large assortment; at Jl 99,
. Si 1 "k-s.
Fancy Figured China Silks at 42a a yard.
Black Gros Grain Dress Silk at 74c a yard.
Black Faille Francalse Silk at 89o a yard.
Colored Satin de Leon at 79o a yard.
TDrr-ess G-qod-S.
24-inch Persian Challies, 5c a yard. .
Elegant Dress Satines, 80 a yard.
Best quality Dress Ginghams, 7o a yard.
Black and Colored Henrietta Cloth, 25c a yard.
ZPl-o.sIb.es.
1,000 Pieces Silk Plushes, all new shades, 44c a yard.
-A.-p--co-n s.
Ladies Muslin Aprons, best value in town, at 16c
T-n-fa-n.ts3 O-ixteE Its.
Infants' Embroidered Cashmere Short Coats at (1 24.
Infants' Enibroidered Cashmere (Cream), Long Cloaks at $1 29.
Lace,Embroidered and Corded Caps, in exquisite and pretty designs,at 24o,49o and Tiff"
ZHIOXLSefTL3?lld.SiLXLgS.
A large, varied and most extensive assortment of Tin, Wooden, Iron and Agate ware,
colored and plain Glassware and Crockery, to which we direct special attention as being' '
exceptional bargains, and procurable only of as.
All children accompanied by their parents and visiting this department get a pretty ,,
Japanese Kite free. ,
-n
DANZIGER. &
srrocBHoaa to-
Je5- a-afi. EgrAMS
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TrrTr-Ax.TnT?i
rtatarfMVI.
the reademq.
dealers is that
in every case??
-
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House
$1 69.
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