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AMERICANS IN ASIA.
.How Many of Oar Citizens Live in
Japan,
i, Korea, Siam and China.
;S0HE OF ODE ASIATIC DIPLOMATS.
TVho They Are, What They Get, and Some
thing About Their Homes.
AMERICANS WHO ADTISE MONAECHS
fOOEEISPOXDENCI OF TUX DISPATCH.1
i & & BANGKOK,
Siam, March 10.
The Hon. Ja
cob T. Child, our
Minister to the
court of Siam,
was in the
United States at
the time of the
Presidential
election. Upon
the announce-
"...
ment of the re
sult he at once sent in his resignation to
Secretary Bayard to take effect in March
next, and he has just returned to Bangkok
to complete a work which he is preparing
on Siam and the Siamese. He has been
gathering notes for this book during his
four years' stay here, and he writes at it
daily, clicking out his poetic opinions of
these strange people upon an American
typewriter. He tells me he has enjoyed his
stay in Siam, but that he is glad to go home
and that he will again take his chair as ed-itor-of
the Richmond, Mo., Conservator with
pleasure. Theniisson to Siam is worth 5,"000
gold dollars a year, and Bangkok is one of
the few plsces in the world where Uncle
Sam owns his own house. The legation
building is a big, rambling, two-story
structure with wide verandas running
GENXEAL VIEW OP BANGKOK
around both stories and with great porches
looking out upon the waters of the busy
Menan river and its thousands of floating
houses. A garden ot tropical plants and
great trees surrounds the house, sloping
down to the banks of the river in front
These trees are filled with birds, which
keep up a continuous sieging the year
round. Gorgeous flowers bloom in the
gardens, and the verdure is always green.
The minister goes from one part of this city,
of the size of Chicago, to another in his own
gondola, rowed by three dark-skinned men
in a livery of colored cotton, and when he
takes a drive his carriage is managed by a
Maylay coachman, who drives like Jehu
and' cuts the Siamese vagrants to make them
keep out of the way. Bangkok has a pleas
ant foreign colony, and the climate though
hot in the summer is on the whole healthy
and pleasant
Some Fat Position.
The Minister to Korea gets 57,500 a year
and Mr. Dinsmore, the present incumbent
is one of the most popular of our foreign
Ministers. He was appointed through the
influence of Attorney General Garland and
others, and he was not an office-seeker. He
stands very well with the King and the
Court, and it is due to his. nerve that the
foreign colony escaped so well the mob,
which arose when the missionaries were
charged by the people with killing babies
and, grinding them up to make foreign medi
cines. Mr. Dinsmore is an Arkansas law
yer of about 35 years, and if he goes back
to America he will probably resume the
practice of the law. There is a prospect, in
case Judge Denny should conclude to re
sign, that Mr. Dinsmore may succeed him
as advisor to the King.
The climate of Korea is fine, and the lega
tion establishment is a compound or yard
surrounded by a high wall and containing
half a dozen one-story. Korean buildings.
The residence of the Minister has many
rooms finished with the great Tarnished
beams of Korean architecture and his parlor
and dining room are so arranged that they
can be thrown together. "'There is a great
house at the hack for the use of the Minis
ter's friends, and the ships, which arrive'
every ten days or two weeks, bring all sorts
of delicacies from Shanghai, which is the
great foreign residence place of the "Western
Pacific. The Minister to Korea has a guard
of 12 soldiers furnished by the King. When
he goes out to ride through the city he has1
eight men in liverv to carry him in his sedan
chair, and his soldiers march in front and
behind him.
' Kicked by China.
The diplomatic places of Japan are gen
erally esteemed more desirable than those of
China. The Japanese are a pleasanter peo
ple and there is no danger of being mobbed
or stoned. Still, the Chinese Consuls are
better paid, and the Minister gets 512,000 a
year. Colonel Charles Denby, of Indiana,
is our Minister to China, and he is so well
' liked that during my stay a paper was got
' ten up, signed by the missionaries and oth
ers, asking the Government at "Washington
to continue him in office. He is a tall, fine
looking man of CO, with a smooth-shaven,
statesmanlike face, a bright blue eye and a
rather judicial aspect His home at Peking
is in theiegation buildings, consisting of
a number ot one-story brick structures, cov
ering several acres and surrounded cyan
imposing wall of blue brick. The society
of Peking is made up of the missionaries,
the diplomats and the foreigners employed
by the Emperor. The Minister is shut off
during three or four months of the year
from visitors, as the river is frozen up, and
during this time he gets his mails about
three weeks after they arrive in China. The
Minister to China gets no favors from the
court He is not received by the better
classes of the people, and his standing is a
humiliation to the United States. He has
good markets and can live, as far as the
creature comforts are concerned, as well at
Peking as at come.
Gold at a Premium.
, This matter of living well, is the same in
IHjapan. Our minister has at good markets
'ias those of "Washington or New York to
-vaujiply his table and he has a big house,
tJreritfree. Minister Hubbard receives $12,
000 a year and this, it must he remembered,
Jjjuijgoia. silver is current in Japan and
the rate of exchange adds at least one'Tourth
to the purchasing value of our consular and
diplomatic salaries all through the east A
salary of 3,500 out here becomes about
54.500, and a salary of 512,000 in gold is
15,000 in silver. Servants are cheaper in
the East than in America and the diplomats
have, as a rule, three servants here where
they have one at home. In 'Korea, China
and Siam Chinese servants are used and all
ministers and consuls use Chinese cooks.
Fopnlar American.
The Consul General to Japan is Mr.
Greathouse, a Kentuckian by birth, -who
was appointed by President Cleveland from
California, where he has been living for
some years. H has a comfortable homeat
Yokohama, and the foreign community
there is the largest in the empire of the
Mikado. Consul Jernigan, ot 2s orth Caro
lina, has a pleasant station at Kobe, and
his salary is 53,500 a year. He is tired of
consular work, and is so anxious to get back
to his law practice in the United States
that he told me he intended to resign,
whether President Cleveland was elected or
not. He has made an excellent Consul, and
his reports are among the best that have
come to the State Department
Consul Birch, at Nagasaki, is another
popular consul. He is a young "West Vir
ginian who believes in American rights and
who stands up for them. Not long ago there
was a dinner given at Nagasaki and Mr.
Birch asked permission to bring Admiral
Sbnfeldt with him to the dinner. The En
glish Consul, who had the dinner in charge,
objected, saying that none but residents of
Nagasaki were to he invited. Upon coming
to the table Mr. Birch was surprised to see
this same English Consul bring to the table
a captain from one of the English men-of-war
in the harbor. He at once arose and
left the table, and the other Americans who
were present, as soon as thev apprehended
the insult, did likewise. The action so
alarmed the consul that he apologized to
Mr. Birch, and since then the Americans
have had things pretty much their own way.
The consular residence in Nagasaki is one
of the prettiest places in Japan. It Is a
large cottage on a hillside overlooking a
beautiful harbor, and here Mr. Birch keeps
bachelor's hall and carries on the consular
business.
Consols In China.
As to the consuls in China, they are all
AXD THE 2IE2TAU EITEB.
moderately well paid, and not a few of them
are Republicans, who have been retained
by the present administration. Charles
Seymour, at Canton, is one of the most
valuable men in the service and he has one
of the most difficult of our consular posi
tions. He is a Republican from "Wisconsin
and has served under several Presidents.
Consul General Kennedy lives at Shanghai.
He receives 53,000 a year and his reputa
tion for efficiency is far above par. I am
IMd that the people of Shanghai will peti
tion his retention, but his place is a good
one and the fact that he comes from South
Carolina will operate against him. One of
General Kennedy's secretaries is Mr.
George Shufeldt, " the son of Admiral
Shufeldt He has been connected with the
Shanghai consulate for the past eight years
and understands the consular bnsiness of
China. He is a graduate of Cornell and as
he is a Republican, it is thought that he
will be given one of the good-paying con
sulates under the new administration. The
vice consul, Mr. Emmens, is a fluent
Chinese scholar and like Mr. Chesire, the
Chinese secretary of the legation at Peking,
he is an appointee who gets his place more
from the necessity of his service than from
any political influence.
Consul Smitbers, of Tientsin, is a Dela
ware man. He has been in the consular
service at different places for more than a
score of years and is a Republican. The
consnl at Hong Kong is a Virginia Demo
crat and the consulate at Fuchau will be
vacated by the resignation of Mr. Charles
"Wingate, who, though a Republican, is
tired of office and is going back to his farm
in New England. The Amoy consul wjll
probably be retired, and all told there will
be half a dozen fairly good places in China
and Japan open to the Republicans.
TheKtnc'a Adviser.
Bangkok is the first Eastern city I have
visited which has not a large foreign colony.
There are thousands ot men and' women
UNITED STATES LEGATION AT SEOTJIi, EOBEA.
from England and America in China and
Japan and there is a colony of a.hnndred
or so in Korea. The foreigners have the
control of the customs service of China; the
head of the Chinese navy is an English
naval officer, and Americans act as the
foreign advisers to the governments of
Japan and Korea. Judge Denny, the
foreign advisers to the King of Korea, I met
at Seoul, the capital. He is an Oregon
man, who was a Judge before he entered
our consular service and who served for a
number of years as Consul to Tientsin, and
also as Consul General at Shanghai. He is
acknowledged to be one of the bright men
on the Asiatic coasts. He is perhaps the
only foreigner who has been able to carry
on a long tight with Li Hung Chang, and
that with success.
Li Hung Chang is the Secretary of State
of the Emperor of China. He is the strong
est man in the empire, and it was through
his influence that Judge Denny was ap
pointed to his present f ositiou. At this
time Li Hung Chang was in favor bf the in
dependence of Korea, but he has since
changed his mind and he wants it to be
looked upon as subordinate to China. Judge
Denny, as the adviser of the King, refuses
to advise his ( master to acknowledge the
claim and hence the quarrel. Now Li is
doing all in his power to oust Judge Denny,
but sp far his attempts have been in vain.
Judge Benny lives at the capital of Korea
and he has there as nice a home as one
could wish. Of one story, it extends over
several acres and it is a sort of a mixture of
Korean architecture and American comfort.
It is one of the finest places in Seoul, and
Mrs. Benny, an accomplished American
lady, and not a Korean as has been stated,
presides over it. I am told that Judge
Denny has a salary of $12,000 a year from
the King, and he ought to be worth at least
that to Korea. He is a fine lawyer, a man
of culture, and through long training, added
to natural ability, one of the shrewdest
diplomates of the East.
Influential Americans.
The foreign adviser of the State Depart u
ment at XoKio is Mr. Henry Denisou, a
young New Englander, of about 35. He has
a fine house furnished him by the Mikado
and has received a ranktfrom the Emperor,
He gets a high salary and he is esteemed
one ot tne most valuable of the foreigners
connected with the Japanese Government
He has more influence than any other Amer
ican in Japan, and he Is constantly dealing
with matters connected with America.
Another American connected in a re
sponsible way with the government of the
Mikado is a tall, fine-looking, gray-mus-tached
gentleman, who has been in Japan for
a quarter of a century. This is Mr. Peyton
Joudan, of Baltimore, who went there as a
boy and has been employed there ever since.
In the educational branches of the Jap
anese kingdom, Americans hold high rank.
There are not so many connected with the
imperial university as there were a few
Tears ago, owing to the principle adopted
by the Japanese of not allowing foreigners
to do for them anything that they can get or
teach the Japanese to do. Still Prof. Fen
alossa, ol Salem, Mass., is now the great art
critic ot Japan, and he is, I am told, to have
the charge of the old art works of the em
pire, which largely through his efforts are
now being collected by the Government
and preserved. Prof. Fenalossa looks upon.
Japanese art as the great art development
of the world, and he says that Europeans
and Americans have as much to learn in art
from Japan as Jnpan can learn from them.
He has made a study of Japanese art since
he came to Japan, a decade ago, to take a
place in the university, and he is an en
thusiast upon the subject During my stay
in Japan he was traveling over the empire
in company with our late Japanese Minis
ter, Mr. Kuki, collecting the art works
about Kioto, and having some of the most
noted of these photographed by the court
photographer. Mr. Fenalossa is married,
and his wife, a New England lady, is one
of the court circle of Tokio.
Missionaries In Japnn.
There are a large number of American
missionaries in 'Japan. These have their
homes all over the country and there are ex
tensive settlements in the larger cities. Like
all foreigners in the empire, the missiona
ries have large houses and very comfortable
homes, and were I going to choose a country
in which to do missionary work I would
pick out Japan. The people here are more
clean and friendly than the Chinese and
they are 'as far above these heathen of Siam
as we are above the Indians ofour "Western
plains. The field is a good one, for three
lourths of the Japanese are infidels and the
other fourth does not more than half believe
in, the Buddhist religion. Our missionaries
are, I am told, doing good work and they
have churches and schools everywhere. Dr.
Hepburn, the author of the only English
Japanese dictionary, is an American, and
now in his seventies he prefers to live in
Japan. He has been here a lifetime and he
now acts as the President of a missionary
college at Tokio. He came to Japan long
before, the. revolution and was ne of the
first missionaries here. He lives vary nicely
in Yokohama with his wife, who is, not
withstanding her three-score and. odd years,
as spry and as bright as the doctor himself.
Another of the pioneer Americans of Japan
is Doctor Simmons, of Tokio, who came out
to Asia as one of the first missionarv doc
tors and liked it so well that he has re
mained here to this day.
American Merchants In Asia.
As to American merchants, there are a
number in Asta, though not so many, per
haps, as there were ten years ago. "Walsh,
Hill & Co. is one of the oldest firms in Ja
pan. It does business with all parts of the
world and ships millions' worth of goods to
America and Europe every year. It has
houses -at Kobe and in Yokohama, and its
paper mill at Kobe is one of the largest in
Japan, and it will rank among the large
mills of the world. The two Mr. "Walshs.of
Japan, come of a Georgia family, which aft
erward moved to New York, and they are
relatives of Congressman George Barnes, of
Georgia. Mr. C. P. Hall, the young man
of the firm, is from Boston,-and he is, like
his partners, a good fellow, well read and
cultured.
The American merchants in China are
now to be found chiefly at Shanghai,but the
American firm of Russell & Co. is found
everywhere. It has its big houses at Hong
Kong, Canton, Tientsin, Shanghai and on
the island of Formosa, and it is one of the
largest firms doing business in Asia. It had
for years its own ships, and its business
houses are like palaces. It has one at
Shanghai which would be a good building
in New York or Boston, and which is point
ed out as one ot the sights ot the city.
Smith, Baker & Co. is another American
e-
firm which does a good business in Japan
hnd the China and Japan Trading Company
have houses in Japan and China, and send
their goods everywhere. I found in Yoko
hama and Tokio the Japanese and Ameri
can Trading Company, headed by a typical
American merchant traveler in the person
of a young man of 30. Hisname was E. "V".
Thorne and he was introducing American
lamps and notions among the Japanese, and
shipping goods home to America for sale.
He was advertising as freely as thohgh he
were in a big American city and his busi
ness seemed to be good. Imct at Tokio an
American named Clark, who was intro
ducing those globe-like bottles of fire ex
tinguisher among the Japanese and I saw
the Watcrbnry watch wherever I went. It
sold in Japan for less than I bought one be
fore I left America and its" agent, Mr.
Charles Flint, formerly of "Washington, told
me he was selling them to the merchants by
the tens of thousands through his agent and
that he proposed to introduce them in Korea
and China. Fbakk G. Caepenteb.
Only SG
For craron portraits, life size. Tregano
wan's Picture Store, 1C2 Wylie ave., Pitts
burg. - - TuFsd
PITTSBUEG-, SUNDAY,
HOMSTY OF DISSENT.
Gail Hamilton Discourses on the New
Theology and Its
EIGHT TO BB6T0EE THE TEUTH.
Christ Destroyed the Law as the Day
Destroys the Dawn.
WAS SAINT PJL A DOUBLE-DEALEB?
rwErnxxroE the dispatch.:
The old orthodoxy of New England, the
new religion of old Oxford, and aggressive
radicalism everywhere .agree in this: that
new orthodoxy must be honest Robert
Elsmere'a idea of honesty compels him to
give up church and home and run. It is
naturally difficult for him to understand
how Prof. Egbert Smyth's honesty can com
pel him to stay in Andoyer and fight The
old orthodoxy wails that the new orthodoxy
even "affects" the use of the old-fashioned
tunes, and' Mr. CharlesVoysey,- transferring
to the extreme left that mental quality
which on the extreme right is called
bigotry, says:
THE OLD AND NEW THEOLOGY.
They scandalously, and with intellectual
fraud, tried to foist a new meaning into the
old horrible Christian phrases, a meaning
the exact opposite of the hitherto accepted
sense. I reject these miserable subter
fuees because the process of in
terpretation is fraudulent"
Bntthe new theology is right in refusing
to sacrifice to the old one single word. To
the truth it is willing to sacrifice all words,
to falsehood none. If human fallibility for
a thousand years has given a false meaning
to a phrase, the new theology has still a
divine right to throw out the false meaning
and restore the true. The truth has no
statute of limitations. The truth does not
lose proprietorship in a formula because
falsehood has been an unhindered tenant for
centuries.
The right to retain old words is inalien
able. "What as to the wisdom?
There can he no greater difference be
tween the old theology and the new than
there was between the Mosaic theology and
the Christian theology. The Christian
system involved the complete overthrow of
priesthood, temple, altar, sacrifice; the
whole system not only, but the very struc
ture of "Jewish wors'hip. The clever and
learned Pharisees, scribes, doctors of the
law saw this clearly. The' conservatives of
that day and city were not to polite, so self
restrained, so moderate as our conservatives
at Des Moines and Springfield and Andover
and they protested against the new theology
to the point of mobs and scourge and cruci
fixion for the new Theologian; and all the
while to their charges He constantly pro
tested: "Thinkest thou I am come to de
stroy the law and the prophets I I am not
come to destroy but to fulfil."
How could He honestly say that? He
preached a religion which not only has sub
verted, but which was intended to subvert
the whole Jewish ritual, the priests who ad
ministered it, the temple in which it was
performed. Must there not rest upon all
minds a painful misgiving that Christ, for
love of a quiet life and fear of opposition,
may have forgotten those .high principles of
uprightness which Dr. Dana of old times
inculcated upon Prof. Park, and which
Prof. Park in his turn enjoins upon Pjor.
Smyth? Does he not incur the suspicion of
intellectual rand in putting a flew meaning
into the old words?
But Christ saw further, deeper, keener",
wider than the Pharisees, and He spoke as
He had a right to speak, from'His own broad
vision and not from their narrow one. Thev
saw the destruction in His teachings, but
not the construction. He had.not come to
destroy the law. He had come to fulfil the
very object for which the law had been or
iginally established.
BUILDING TJP NOT TEAEING DOWN.
It is true that this fulfilment involved the
destruction of the law, but this destruction
was not the object of his coming, acd, still
more and vitally to the purpose, it was not
such destruction as the Pharisees appre
hended, by force from without, but a gentle
dissolution by inward necessity a natural,
healthy and painless absorption. The ob
ject of the law was to establish communica
tion between man and his Maker for his own
upbuilding in righteousness. Christ came
to bring a more perfect communication, and
the more perfect must in time disestablish
the less perfect. Man had built a hard and
even a hateful and cumbrous way to God, a
way of "burnt offerings and brutal slabghter
ana costly temple and ceremonial priest
Christ came to say: "I am the way" the
way of love that potent alembic in which
rite and violence and selfishness should be
forever dissolved. Christ destroyed the law
as day destroys the dawn.
The great apostles wrought in the same
spirit They did not tear down the old as a
necessary preparation for building the new
on a mechanical theory of ecclesiasticism.
They proceeded on the spiritual theory and
developed the new, out of everything that
was eternal in the old and not
only on the old of the Mosaic law,
hut on the old of the pagan nations as well.
Indeed it was Paul's boast that he became
all things to all men. "Whoever wrote the
Epistle to the Hebrews emploved the tactics
of infusing the gospel of Christ into the
Hebrew law. He did not preach "Abolish
your priesthood, throw down your altars,
burn your temples, they are outgrown."
He said: "Christ is your High Priest for
ever. We also have an altar and to do
good is its sacrifice." He did not scorn
fully repudiate the centuries-old covenant
of Abraham, so dear to the Jews, calling it
a clumsy and imperfect make-shift He
directed attention to the better convenant
in Christ; that the divine law should be
written, not on tables of stone, but in their
mTnds and in their hearts.
PATJIi WENT TO THE MARK.
By the same tactics, when Paul was giv
ing his charge to Timothy there was an
utter chauge of policy. No beating about
the bush, no careful deference to long asso
ciations, no cautious verbal manipulation.
He went straight and swift to the mark:
"There is one mediator between God and
men the man, Christ Jesus, blessed and
only Potentate, King of kings, and Lord of
lords, who only hath immortality." "We
havfe not a-word about altar or sacrifice, but
short, sharp and decisive: "Let everyone
who nameth the name of Christ depart from
iniquity." Paul was careful of his beloved
sou s stomach and he was careful of his own
cloak; but he did not take the smallest
pains to walk softly ove&Timothy's ecclesi
astical prejudices. He had himself edu
cated that young man, and knew that he had
no right to have any.
But when he left his well beloved Timo
thy and addressed the stranger Athenians
he was again all suavity and tact and con
sideration; addressing them not indeed
with Hebrew metaphor any more than with
the Timotheau brusqnene. but with the
Greek technique. Just as he had poured
his gospel into Hebrew forms for tne He
brews, so now he poured it into Greek forms
at Athens, knowing that the forms were
temporal and frangible, bnt the gospel is
eternal.. As he had talked of high priest
and sacrifice to the Jews, he now talked of
Zeus and poetry to the Greeks, declaring
unto them not the God of Abraham, Isaac
and Jacob, whom they would probably
despise, but the God to whom their
own altars were erected 'and of
whom their own poets sung. And be it ob
served, Paul apparently selected the only
one of all the altars of Athens that could be
upreared to the Supreme God. It required
a robust logic, but Paul was equal to it I
-APRIL 21, 1889.
greatly fear that old orthodoxy would have
thought that Paul was double dealing, and
I am not sure that Professor. Park would
not have adjured him to say that he was an
idolater if he was an idolater; and no doubt
Mr. Vovsey would have cried out upon. the
"misera'blo subterfuge" if he had been on
Mar's hill that day. But Paul stoutly
asserted and maintained his right to speak
his own way. ,
From our day, prophet, priest and king
have passsd. The words have no living
meaning for us. Even with the Roman
Catholic Chnrch, priest, altar, sacrifice are
merely symbolic. No smell of blood is
found, no bleating of lambs is heard in a
Catholic cathedral any more than in a
Protestant meeting house. If Paul were
preaching to us he would not represent
Christ as a sacrifice. He would say tous as
to Timothy: "Let every man that knoweth
the name of Christ depart from iniquity."
NOT A DAI OP CEEEDS.
Therefore, when the Andover Creed orders
its professors to declare that Christ, as our
Redeemer, executeth the office ot prophet,
priest and king; when Professor Park ap
portions the work of Christ bv lot to the
virions functions of the Jewish priesthood,
thpy are guilty of what? An anachronism.
Nothing more. They are speaking as old
Jews instead of American republicans.
They are emphasizing the temporary, the
already vanished part of the Hebrew teach
ing. Now that the Jewish ritual has for us
completely passed away, all this terminol
ogy has for us only a historical, not a vital
meaning. "We have no such officer as
prophet, priest or king. All these offices
were merged in Christ so long ago that, the
words themselves are merely literary.
Everything on that theme was said cen
turies ago. when Paul faced the past with a
gospel which was to supplant them all.
What needs to be hammered into us is what
Jaul said, fronting the future: "Let him
that nameth the name of Christ be careful
to depart from iniquity."
But deny it not the literary and moral
sense these words still have. In .that sense
they are wholly true. Nothing has ever
put into them a single element of falseness.
Every good thing- which prophet, priest or
king was supposed to-do or actually did for
the Hebrews, that, Christ came to do for all
the world. If I were to frame a creed I
should not put in the Hebraistic clause, but
I could subscribe to the Hebraistic clause in
any creed whatever. '
A CHILD'S THEOLOGY.
There is a pretty little rhymed theology
lisped by very little folk:
"Where did yon get your eyes so bluet"
"Out of the sky as I came through."
As a scientific biogenesis this Socratle
creed may leave something to be desired;
but it expresses the Bible truth, the truth
which, by exclusion, is thus far the estab
lished truth of science, that life is from
God; and.it teaches this truth to the child
by a pointed, definite and rememberable
statement
Nay, I go further than this. It is not
only that the baby soul could know nothing
of hereditary transmission, but the scientist
who knows all that man knows of'heredity
knows no more than the little child, where
did you get your eyes so blue.
From your father. No, the father's eyes
are black. From your grandfather then.
No, the grandfather retains his own eyes
blue and bright The scientist is profound
ly ignorant. Heredity is but ignorance
writ another way. The sage knows no more
than baby the principle on which baby's
eyes are blue and baby's brother's eyes are
black. It is only that so the Hidden and
Absolute Force wrought it out in the eternal
order; and so the baby prattles a great truth
'with innocent lips.
I should not frame a creed saying:
I'believe that children are brought from
heaven; and that the blue is painted on
their passage through the earth's atmosphere-
But if the little childrenjhad-made
themselves into a Christian society to-help
each other to be kind and true-1 could with
good conscience.sign even such a creed. I
could sign it for substance of doctrine fully
.believing that all souls are born of God and
partake of the divine nature, and I could
sign it for scientific truth if I were chal-
lengea. .tor, as tne numan Doay is demon
strably composed of 95 parts water and all
parts earth,, and as the earth's atmosphere is
largely composed of water, it must be that
the baby's blue eyes are gathered from the
earthy materials and chiefly from the watery
atmosphere of the planet on which it lives
and from which its tiny body is composed!
The only creed one could not sign would be
a creed precluding the order of nature.
This creed would simply -give the order of
nature, the Divine order, under a figure
which the childish mind could follow.
Therefore, when the innocents lift their
sweet voices in devout inquiry: "Where
did you get your eyes so blue?" loudest and
firmest shall ring my voice with theirs in
confident, and I may say, defiant response
and accord: "Out of the sky as I came
through!" Gail Hamilton.
ALL AT BEGOLAR SATES.
The Queer Demand Itlndn an Hotel Clerka
by Traveler.
Chicago Times.
"You can't imagine the amount of extra
work we do for our regular .guests," re
marked Clerk Willey at the Grand Pacific
last night, as he finished charging a hungry
looking man with an extra meal. "We re
ceive telegrams from customers journeying
from East to West and vice versa to buy
them all sorts of things and do all sorts of
queer errands. Any like communication
received from a guest of th'e house always
receives our best attention. We came near
disappointing a man last' night, though.
Just look at this telegram."
" 'Have young, cunning Skye terrier at
hotel to-night; will pass through city.'
"The signature was unknown to me and I
put the message one side. After a while I
picked it up and thought it a joke from
some mellow traveling man.
"Then I decided I'd haye thedog but tell
no one about it in case it turned out a game.
I sent a boy to a dog fancier and he brought
back some kind of a purp. He had just
entered the hotel as an ex-Governor rom
Montana arrived and asked if f got his dog.
"It seemed he had promised his little girl
to bring home Such a pet, but the errand had
slipped his mind till within a tew hundred
miles of this city. So he telegraphed us.
The operator had caught the name wrong,
and that's what bothered me.
"Our luck in getting the dog saved the
politician quite a few Montana dollars, be
cause several bottles of champagne were
wagered on the chances of. having his terrier
at the hotel when he came. '
"So you never thought hotel clerks had
to supply dogs for guests? Why, I expect
someone will wire us to get a divorce lor
him, and have it down to the train when he
passes through."
A LAWYER'S IJBBRALITL
He Collects a Bill Far a. Widow and Take
All tho money for III Fee,
Uoston Coarler.3
It was in the town of Stoneham that there
abode a lawyer thrifty and keen in his pur
suit of the root of all evil. And of him it
is told that on one occasion he was employed
by a poor widow to collect a debt of 23.47
which was due her.
The lawyer succeeded with little difficulty
in seenring the money, the person who owed
itbeing ready enough to defraud the poor
widow, but having a wholesome fear of the
law before his eyes. The lawyer sent forthe
widow to tell her cf his success, and great
was her joy, since sorely did she need it
"I suppose," she said, with hesitation,
after lie had related his success, "that I owe
you something for your work."
"Well," he replied, with" an air of the
greatest magnanimity, "I ought to charge
you $2S; but I know you are poor, and you
need not bother about the other SI 53."
And the widow went home sorrowful, but
wiser than sheTiad been before. ,
NYE AS A BOTANIST.
He is Impressed by tho Beauty of
Nat'ure's Handiwork as Shown in
A PALMETTO TREE MADE OP IflOIL
Bill Does Some Eloquent lut Hysterical
Word Painting.
LEGENDS OF THE MISSOURI TALLEI
IWlUTTJOr POB TBI DISPATCH.
West op the Missouri,
and Still Doing the
Westwaed Ho I Act.
THEEE are
no palmettos in
the State of
Nebraska, but
there are other
flora, such as
corn, beans,
succotash,
wood.cordwood
and live stock
in great profu
sion. The first
palmetto I ever saw was at Columbia, S. C,
in November last It vas situated near the
State House and filled me with wonder and
admiration. The odd endoginous trunk,
with its deep scars, and then above and
crowning all the delicate fluted dark green
leaves, through .which the gentle breezes
were almost constantly engaged in sough
ing. I looked at it a long time in silence, and
wrapped in profound admiration. Then I
went away and got a friend to come and as
sist me in admiring the delicate beauty and
subtle perfume of the tree.
"How wonderful," I said, "are the
works of the Creator. Who could
fashion the fronded palm or paint the
delicate fringe ot foliage that crowns
the graceful palmetto? Man may
Nye Lost in Admiration of a Palmetto.
strive to do it, but he will never succeed.
How beautiful, how wonderful, are the
wprks of the Maker."
"Yes," said a low voice which emanated
from a full set of rank whiskers near by,
"bnt you are mistaken about the name of
the mater of that tree. It was made by the
Columbia'Iron Works of this place."
rhow decided to abandon the tree and ad
mire something else. y
UNOBTRUSIVELY FATAL.
The Platte river is a queer stream. It has
a very large circulation, but has very little
influence. It covers a good deal of ground,
but it is not deep. In some places it is a
mile wide and three-quarters of an inch
deep. It has a 'bed of quicksand which as
sists it very much in drowning people. The
Platte makes very little fuss about it, but
succeeds in being quite fatal. Yon might
cross the river without even getting your
hose wet, and then again you might find in
crossing the stream you had struck an en
tirely new country from whose bourne no
traveler returns.
Nebraska is bounded on the north by
Dakota, on the east by Iowa, .on the south
by Kansas and on the west by Colorado and
Wyoming- The chief productions are
ruits, including osage orange and lima
bean. Cereals of all kinds abound here, in
cluding maize or Indian corn in great pro
fusion, broom corn, sorghum and Percheron
horses. The chief industries include agri
culture, running for the Legislature and
ship building.
Nebraska is a very rich State, with re
sources on every hand, which as yet have
hardly been tried or fairly started. Coal
infests the bowels of the earth. Boundless
areas of rich farming lands await only the
agriculturist humorist, who is supposed
to tickle them with the hoe (the westward
ho) in order to make them laugh forth
heartily with abundant harvests. The air
is jjnre and whisky is abundant Hostile
Indians are now quite Scarce, it being al
most impossible to eet enough for a mess.
Wild geese, water cress, pizen weed, poli
ticians and the Salvation Army thrive well
here.
Farms in Nebraska are very valuable, es
pecially those on Fornain street in the city
ofOmaha.
Omaha was founded by Fred Nye at the
close of he war. Nye, who is a Spaniard
by birth, with rich Castile blood in his
veins, discovered the site of Omaha by acci
dent, and immediately started a paper there
which was followed by the arrival of several
thousand people, who came there to sub
scribe for the paper.
FOUNDER OF THE HXE FAMILTT.
After founding the paper and building a
court house, Mr. Nye became the head of
what is known all over the civilized world
as the Nye family. From Omaha this
hardy and energetic race moved Eastward,
and with its refinement and cultivation
soon made itself feltin Boston and Skow
hegan, Maine. Everywhere the name be
came the synonym for remarkable strength
Tripping the Light Bombastic Toe.
and rigid integrity. Manly beauty charac
terized the males, and female beauty seemed
to confine itself mainly to the women and
girls of theribe.
In 1804 Messrs. Lewis & Clarke, who
were, doing a general discovery business,
camped at what is now Council Blnfls.
They held a treaty with hostile Indians at
this point, under the provisions of which
the Indians were firmly hound bythoe
present to avoid killing thefMessrs. Lewis &
Clarke. They also deeded a few counties to
the white man in consideration of 20 cents'
worthy of beads and a fine tooth comb, to
them in hand paid.
It is thought that Nebraska was discov
ered by Coronado in 1511, at a point which
is between Gage and Furnas counties.
The Omaha Indians now number about
1,000 souls, I was about to say, but they
have associated with the white man so much
that I will just sav, there are 1,000 head of
them. Some of them at times fly in the
face of industry. The Indian by nature
seems to reluctantly part with his perspira
tion. Lucien Fontenelle, born in New Orleans
about the year 1800, went to the West in
1824, where he soon began to move in the
best Omaha Indian society circles. He was
always invited to attend the best and most
recherche scalp dances, where he
would trip the light fantastic toe till
"the wee sma' hours anent the twa," as I
read in a1 paper once. It was not Iong,then,
until Mr. Fontenelle' won the heart of a
young Indian squaw- It was but the work
of a moment to make her his wife. She did
sot play on the piano' at all, and so made
him a good wife. She was a remarkable
-woman in many respects, and as she walked
through the spacious halls of her home her
footfalls sounded like a gome of beanbag at
a quiet social.
a model nrs.
She dressed plainly in an armv blanket,
and, in addition to her housework, used to
catch muskrats during the winter. Sne be
came the mother of five half-breed children.
Her husband died in 1840 as a result of his
efforts to combine business with delirium
tremens. Whisky at that time in Omaha
was often attended with fatal results. It
would remove warts, corns and bunions.
Mr. Fontenelle used it frequently in order
to afford exhiliration. Finally it began to
nfibrd not only board and lodging, but also
spectacular entertainments, during one of
which he suddenly expired, leaving four
sons and one daughter. Logan was finally
killed by the Sioux, after having made a
good many experiments with the demon
rum. Albert was a blacksmith: up to his
death, since which little is known of him.
He was thrown from a mule in a vertical
direction, and when he struck the town his
soul had fled. The mule's injuries were
slight Tecumseh was killed by his brother-in-law
in a diunken frolic. He was a lovely
character exceptwhen drunk. When he
was drnnk he frequently said things which
he afterward bitterly regretted.
Mrs. Fontenelle had the ill fortune to see
one ot her little sons coming home from
school with a spear inserted in him one day,
from which he died. She found out that
the deed was done by an Iowa Indian.
She concealed an ax under her blanket
and, telling him to look at the beautiful
sunlight which bathed the entire landscape
and flooded it with glory, she spat on her
hands and, swinging the ax about with great
vigrfr, buried it in the center of the low,
coarse brute. Wiping the ax carefully with
her pocket-handkerchief, she returned to
her home and wrote up the occurrence for
I the local papers, laying the blame mostlv
on tne deceased tor the unfortunate aliair.l
Omaha is situated in the eastern part of
the State, her feet being bathed by the wa
ters of the Missouri. The 'Missouri carries
quite a quantity of Nebraska down to Lou
isiana every year, but replaces the loss by
leaving large deposits of Dakota in the
meantime. The Missouri is quite a wet
stream, however, compared with the Platte.
In August street sprinklers have to run up
and down over the parched bosom ot the
Platte.
PLACID POLITICS.
Nebraska was organized as. a .Territory
May 23, 1854, and she figured prominently
in the m-eat Kansas-Nebraska bill Intro
duced by Stephen A. Douglass, the fight
I'in the earlygray of the morningof that day,
over wuicu was uuuouoteaiv tne SKirmisn
wnicn at its ciose ipuna tne negro ot
America a free man, but out of a job; a
citizen with a ballot, but a dull market for
it; a t sovereign with no possessions; a
prattling infant suddenly requested by the
law to be a full-grown man.
Slavery does not exist in the State of Ne
braska to-day, and politics is said to be very
pure. I gather this front the papers. The
Bepublican press admits the purity of the
Republican party in Nebraska, and tacitly
the Democratic papers refer to the chastity
of the ballot in' that party. I am glad to
know this at a time when corruption seems
to creep into politics elsewhere and embitter
the lives of the many, even driving out of
public life many who would otherwise be
willing and almost glad to mix up with it
I may truly say that it is really the ameni
ties of public life which have kept me out
tif it. I dread opposition and vituperation
Revenge is Bweet.
at all times. Vituperation, bitter words
and paucity of votes have kept me out of
politics and deprived the country of a man
who would otherwise have shone with a de
gree of intellectual polish in any position
to which he might have been called.
I am indebted to Mr. Snrenson, of Omaha,
and his justly celebrated history of Omaha
for the lacts given in this letter. The word
painting is my own.
I may speak further of. Nebraska in my
next letter, giving two or three columns of
thrilling statistics and bright, racy gossip
relative to the crop, acreage and mean tem
perature. 1-may also speak of the Prohibition move
ment in Iowa, showing how it has embit
tered the life of the saloon keeper and built
up and fostered the druefore in its stead,
also showing the great falling off in the con
sumption ot whisky, and so forth, while the
price of linimeut has gone up 100 per cent
Bill Nye.
GIRLS AS REFORMERS.
How tho Damsels Cnn Succeed Effectually
ns Trmperanco Worker.
l'unxsotawney Spirit.
Girls, you have it in your power to make
every young man in this country who is
worth a picayune,- temperate and indus
trious. Simply refnseto recognize the youth
who gets drunk and the youth who shows a
disposition to live on the labor of others.
That will fetch them tolime blamed quick,
and you can bet your bustle on it There
isn't a. young man in America to-day who
amounts to shucks that could stand it to be
boycqtted by the girls. Not one.
Those who haven't sense enough to like
the girls, and a disposition to be spooney at
times, are too totally depraved to be taken
into the account, and they might as well
make beer tanks of themselves as anything
else. They are no good nohow.
Why tho rjonn Didn't Eat Daniel.
Baltimore American. l t
A. Kentucky authority asserts that Daniel
wnra lawyer. If this is true, it explains
why the lions refused to institute habeas
corpus proceedings. They preferred hunger
to the risk of a long speech from the defense.
ArmHTJIAN SPORT.
(
Onida Condemns in Strong Terms the
Brutality of Horseracing.
WITHOUT A EEDEEMOS FEATURE.
A Horse Should Not he Used at All Until
He Is Four Tears Old.
FOSTERING "AFFECTION" FOR HORSED
iwiuum roa thz dispaxcb.1
If one in a thousand or ten thousand pass
to the stud and paddocks after the severe
trials of the turf, all the vast remainder of
horses-and mares trained for flat-racing and
steeple-chasing pass to lives of misery, for
which their hothouse forced powers and
their overtried youth render them cruelly
unfitted. The bleeding sides, cut open by
the jockey's whip, the lather of sweat, the.
bursting- heart, the strr.ining eyeballs, the
fleshless and nervous physique, all tell,
without words, what the racer snfiers in the
Ijfst years of his life; no human language
would be adequate to describe his sufferings
in after years, when, unless he has been one
of the exceptionally fortunate winners who
are deemed worthy of preservation, he
passes through all the degrees of degrada
tion, from the selling races of low meetings
to the shafts of the hansom and the mail
cart and the butcher's van; to the last his
high spirit animates his trembling, aching;
and emaciated frame, and to the last he
strains his exhausted and quivering limbs
in the service of that humanity which has
dared to call him the brute.
A BEUTAL SPOET.
Eacing has not one redeeming quality in
it; it has not even that share of peril for
man which does in a degree palliate the
brutalities of a bull fight; its essential es
sence and object is gambling; even where
the owner, which is very rare, does not bet,
yet the excitement with which he hangs on
the issue is essentially the excitement of the
gambler; fine fortunes have been surren
dered, great names have been ruined, rich
men and poor men have been dragged down
to bankruptcy and blackguardism through
the fatal temptations ot the turf; and
throughout its paltry and poisonous se
ductions there is not a single throb of any
emotion that is generous, any ambition that
is honorable, any endeavor that is meritori
ous. That great nobles and honest gentle
men continue to patronize its sport and
deify its jockeys is one of the most melan
choly spectacles of modern life.
AS ITNFOETtnrATE EULOGY.
When the jockey, Fred Archer, died the
wail of the country, the threnody of the
press, were an insult to commonsense and
human nature. He was killed by the fast
ing and privations entailed on his success
in his miserable profession; but no one
seemed to remember this, or point out the
lessons to be learned from it; they only re
ported the bulletins of his illnessconse
crated colnmn after column in the newspa
pers to his biography, and lamented his loss
as a national misfortune as though Shakes
peare's or Wellington's self had perished.
Of the moral of the whole disgusting
story no one seemed in any way conscious,
and when, among the eulogies passed on
him, it was described how he was wont to
T,qut the last inch out of" any horse he rode,
there seemed no perception whatever ot the
horrible cruelty involved in gaining auch a
repute. - -v-, ,.
Eaeing"confirms the incliriatiomo view
horses as mere gambling machines, like
roulette wheels, which is so general and
which has almost wholly stamped out the
personal affection for a horse as a friend and
comrade and tried servant, which used to so
unite the man and his steed. The modern
intolerance of "old" horses is altogether
against such an attachment being felt;
man who buys a horse intending to use it up
in its prime and sell it the moment it dis
plays the, slightest diminution of speed,
cannot look upon it as anything better than
a chattel. Horses frequently change hands
a dozen times before they reach their seventh
year; the consequences are disastrous to
them, and deprive them of all chance of se
eming a permanent place in the hearts of
their owners.
If people could be induced to buy their
horses carefully and keep them tenderly un
til real old age, and then, in lieu of selling
them for a trifle, give them a swiftand pain
less death, our streets would not be filled as
they are all the world over with the painful
throngs of wornout carriage and riding;
horses, toiling in omnibuses, in tramways,
in cabs and carts and tradesmen's vans.
NOT ALLOTTED TO 3IATUEE.
The most painful thiug connected with
horses to those who care for them is that,
owing to our cruel habit of putting them on
the roads before they reach their maturity,
their legs give way whilst they are stili
young, and sand crach, spavin, osseroui
tumor, or any other of the many ills to
which their hoofs and legs are liable, will
frequently make them of no, or little, use
for work, whilst their wind is sound, their
body healthy, their eyes bright, and their
intelligence and spirit are as great as ever.
If no horse were used at all nntil he was
4 years old at least, the race would be
strong and the feet would long remain
sound; the horse does not reach his full
maturity till he is 6. But the avarice of
man forbids this; horses are bred as articles
of sale and sold for profit; no one will keep
a young horse doing nothing for five years.
In the long run it would probably answer
to do so; for a horse thus given leisure to
develop would be for 30 years a sound and
' serviceable animal. But speculation does
not see advantage in this; breeders have not
the patience to wait for returns on their out
lay; fashion has decreed that horses must
be young (i. e. immature); and the turf
which justifies its existence on the plea that
it is an institution for the development of
horseflesh, use them up while they are little
more than colts and fillies and panders to
the popular prejridice in favor of immatur
ity and speed versus maturity and sound
ness. A DKEADFOL FATE.
It is coldly calculated by horse-breeders
that it "pays best" to breed many horses
rapidly and use them up in three years
irork as they are used up by tramway and
omnibus companies. Therefore the work
ing horse, like the racing thoroughbred, is
doomed before he is born or begotten.
It is a sad and cruel fact Those who
have horses may do ajl they can to mitigate
the fate of those who fall within the sphere
of their influence; but against the universal
sacrifice of this gallant and generous animal
to the greed and selfishness of man it is,
alas, very difficult to do much.
I cannot conceive how anyone having
loved a horse and owed to it years of
pleasant comradeship can bear to sell it
into the unknown horrors which await the
facilis descensus of a petted animal into an
unpitied hack. Every one may not be able
to command the means to keep a useless ,or J
iieed horse, but every one may have their,
favorite shot and spared an existence of in
calculable misery. Ibelieve that death by
blowing into tne jugular vein is absolutely,;
painless; it may be done while the horse is
eating his oats and he will fall as if struck
by lightning and die almost instanta
neously. It the horse could speak how would he
pray for sucha death in his own well be
loved stall rather than live to drag out a
miserable existence, handed from one brutal
owner to another, ill-treated, over-laden,
over-worked, and ending at last iff the
agonizing death dealt to him by the
knacker, after days of starvation, who strips
ms sjuii uituusi ere m Die&iu nas uea.
OUIDA. :,"
j5r'
-.'