f r-H
THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH, SUNDAY, JAFTJAUT 6, 1859.
-- lir 1
TOT I LEFT THE SEA.
Clarke Russell, the Famous Writer,
Gives Some Eeminiscences of
HISEABLY LIFE AS A SAILOR BOY.
Ocean Life is Kot Half so Pleasurable as
is Fainted.
it
HIS LAST VOYAGE BEFOEE THE MAST
rwarriEX for the dispatch.
tt.KJt; is one very
small particular in
deed in which I may
claim to resemble the
poet "Wadsworth:
I am not one wnp much
or oft delights
To season my friends
with personal talk
but having been asked
to contribute "some
thins of a slim, auto
biographical character," it has occurred to
xne to convert the proposal into an oppor
tunity, that I may be enabled to answer a
question which has been very often put to
rae since the first of my ocean stories, "The
Wreck of the Grosvenor," found a public
in America. "Why did I give up the sea?
"How did it happen, Mr. Clark Bussell,
that you should have abandoned a voca
tion which you are never weary of writing
about? There is not a page in your novels
but that expresses you as an ardent admirer
of the deep in every phase of its variable
Mind. You create some fairy fabrio of ship
or yacht and 'love it to vitality. "What
made yon give up the sea, then you who
are assuredly abreast of most nautical men
in appreciation of the many as in reluctance
to admit the somber characteristics of a call
ing that has hoisted yonr tight little island
to the world's masthead?" This is a gist of
a fair proportion of the letters 1 have
ceived from a great number of correspond
ents in all parts of America since I made
my first nautical trip. The recurrence of
the question has positively grown teasing.
I grasp, therefore, with avidity, the chance
now offered mo to extinguish for ever I hope
an almost stereotyped interrogatory: "Why
did I give up the" sea? I might answer this
in a single sentence: Because I was sick
of it
A SCHOOLBOY'S IDEAL.
"What fruit do the idealisms of the school
Boy bear when the little creature swaggers
with a badge upon his cap and a belt around
bis waist and brass buttons upon his jacket?
1 hate plucked and eaten of the growth,
and I protest there is nothing in the romance'
nd poetry of the ocean to render endurable
to what I must term the memory ot my pal
ate, the sickening flavor of the pork, the
odious steam of the pease soup, the insuffer
able smell of warm soup and bouillon upon
which I was regaled for over eight years of
my young Me.
But to proceed artistically. It was in the
last Ehip I ever served aboard of as a sailor.
Her name was the Duncan Dunbar. She
was a well-known Australian trade and pas
senger craft named after her owner, a huge,
fat, self-made, purple-faced Scotchman with
a turtle-soup accent, if you know what that
means, and some 2,O00JO00 to his earnings.
She was commanded by a type of skipper
now very nearly extinct; a figure formed of
oval shanks and up and down arms, and
carrot-shaped Sneers curled like fish hooks.
In the center of his crimson face shone a
fiery pimple of a nose, on either side of
which was a small, rheumatic, deep-sunk
eye. His one headgear in storm or shine,
blow high, blow low, was a tall silk
hat, a tolerably good one for Sun
days and a shocking bad one rusty as
though still reflecting the angrv blush of a
stormy sunset for week days and nights.
I was this little old man's third mate no
very distinctive position to fill, though it
was not without its minute and vexatious
Cuties and responsibilities. He did not
love me he once caught me mimicking
liim; I was imitating his walk and bearing,
and looking up at the break of the poop, I
met his eye. There was not much of it in
deed to meet, but what little there was
theme with resentment like the slowing end
of a cigarette. He durst not challenge my
meaning, for I was acting before a number
of passengers and an explanation must have
proved more embarrassing to him than to
me; but he was afterward always on the
lookout to punish by humiliating me.
AS UXKIND CUT.
As an example: an order was given to
reef topsails: I sprang into the rigging for
the weather main-topsail caring, but before
I was ud to the futtock shronds the old man
was again roaring, "Come down, Mr. Bus-
tell, come down, sirl lou re too young,
kit! You hain't got beef enough for such
work' Lay down, sir, before you're over
board!" There were many lady passengers
on deck at the lime, and I continued my
climb, heedfess of his yells, hot as fire with
wrath and shame from my toes to the top
most curl on my head.
Well, now the Duncan Dunbar, homeward-bound
from Sydney, was approaching
the Jlongitude of the Horn. We were very
far north; the old man had trot some half-
muddled notion of the Great Circle, sail-J
ing under his chimnev-pot hat, and we were
as high as 59 or CO3, running one after
noon before a gale of wind from the west
ward, a sea as tall as our mizzen-top follow
ing us till if vou stood aft and watched the
slope of the ship's long flying body when
the huge foaming knoll took her fair under
her roaring counter, 'twas like looking
down a steep hill, with the curve of the bow
flat as a spoon in the livid hollow and the
well-steered bowsprit and jibbooms a hori
zontal line. Our canvas was a narrow
band of close-reefed main topsail and a fore
topmast staysail.
Though but 2 o'clock in the afternoon
watch, the month being May, it was more a
tort of visible flying dusk than daylight all
about us, often hoary withsuchsnow squalls
as you must enter those parallels to meet
with the like of; so that again and again to
an observer standing aft the ship seemed
cut in two, all forward of the mainmast
hidden in the boiling smother of flakes and
the two fellows grinding at the wheel dim as
dreams, as you looked at them from the
break of the poop.
It was at this break of the poop that I was
standing with the mate; the skipper was aft
holding on by the vang that steadied the
mizzen gaff; the hands were undercover;
tnere were two men lorward on the lookout
for ice, but they only showed at intervals
when the snow thinned and let the topgal
lant forecastle gleam out crystal white. The
roaring of the wind was like thunder about
our mastheads, but the speed of the ship,
that was probably 12 knots an hour, took a
portion of the weight out of it, and it was
possible to converse. The mate was a Scotch
man, the most agreeable person I was ever
associated at sea with; a sailor of intelli
gence and of great experience, who was good
enough to haul his wind for me in propor
tion as my bow-legged friend aft made sail
t'other way.
ICS AHEAD.
This gentleman and I were chatting very
amiably together as we overhung the brass
rail, when suddenly be stiffened himself up
like a marlin spike and fell sniffing violent
ly as though to the sudden rising of some
evil odor. "I smell ice!" said he. I sniffed
again, but could taste nothing but snow.
"There's ice in the neighborhood!" cried he,3!
cull sniffing, and was about to hail the
forecastle when there arose a loud and
fearful cry from that quarter of the ship,
"Ice right ahead, sirl" "Ice right ahead,"
shrieked the mate, wheeling round to the
captain.
"Iseeit,sir,Iseeit!" bawled the skip.
per; "hard up, hard up!"
The spokes flashed in the hands of the
two seamen like the driving wheel of a
locomotive, and the whole ship rising to
ithe height of a huge Pacific surge paid off
35
with the nimbleness of something sentient
in terror of its life; while at the instant
right over the starboard cathead there leapt
out of the whirling, whitened gloom an
Alpine height of ice, a prodigious berg
with its summits obscured, leaving it to
seem thousands of feet high to the imagina
tion. The sea broke in hills of foam against
its weather side; the reverberation of the
gale in chasm, ravine and gorge came to
the ear with the uproar of a hundred
broadsides through the pouring Winds that
.produced the amazing sounds; it showed
green, glittering, ghastly, then vanished
abeam amid the rattling of the main topsail
and the shock of the blows of bumps of
floating ice rushing along our bends.
"Ice right ahead, sirl" was again yelled
from the forcastle; and right over our jib
boom loomed out such another island as we
had narrowly missed.
Fortunately the snqw just then ceased, the
horizon cleared to the distance of a mile and
we were presently hove to, making noble
weather of it; but when I went below at
eight bells, I found myself unusually re
flective, all sorts of prejudices and thoughts
which had been hanging loose about me
hardening into a resolution which held me
so moody that I forgot to swear when, at
anna n nlnttAnftne tntdcninmen trttri tna
that ali the pork was eaten, and when I dis
covered, in consequence of the galley fire
being washed out, there was nothing better
to make a meal of than soft honey-combed
ship's bread and a pannikin of cold water.
JIIDJTIGHT MEDITATION.
I meditated a good deal that night in my
bunk and on deck. It was a part of the
world to render fancy acute; horrible
enough below in a hole clamorous to dis
traction with the giant groaning of the la
boring ship, infinitely melancholy with the
dusky Sittings that hovered upon the at
mosphere from the smoking and nauseous
smelling flame of a "lamp wick fed by slush,
and inexpressibly uncomfortable with the
drainings of water through the scuttles into
the bunks and the wash of black brine to
and fro, to and fro, upon the cabin floorjbut
hideously miserable on deck which you
went to, "fresh from such warmtli as you
would get out of your blankets, and where
you found the blackness full of.thunderand
frost and sleet and snow, with the waist and
gangway every now and again echoing, like
a volcanic explosion, to the smiting of a
green sea of Niagara-like proportion,
plumping humpishly out of our ineffectual
leap to seaward; on to the deck with the
weight of a great building coming down all
t once and with a run.
Why am I here? thought I; what is this
Eort of life going to do for me? Had we
struck the iceberg this afternoon we should
have been telescoped into about an eighth
part of our length, as you close the tubes of
a spy glass, and gone down like a deep-sea
lead with ne'er a fragment of anything to
survive us as a hint of our end, so that what
had become of us would, at home, have re
mained to eternity a matter of idle conject
ure. Why am I here?thought I; how much
am 1 earning? Heaven bless me, 3 a
month onlyl How much has this training
cost my father? Above 200 guineas in pre
miums, not to speak of outfits, mess money
and the like which I durst not attempt
to assess. For what flag do I toil?
For whom do I sink my arm in the tar
bucket; ruin my trousers by riding down
stays; imperil my life by jockeying, whirl
ing yardarms? What are the distinctions I
obtain by scrubbing down decks, by polish
ing brass work, by painting quarter boats?
The persons whose pockets I am helping to
fill up doing such work as a tenth-rate
flunky would fly with a shriek of alarm
from, or faint dead away, Is a beef-faced old
man, who, should I apply to him for a sec
ond mate's berth next voyage, would in all
probability tell me that no vacancy in that
way was likely to occur in his ships for
months, and perhaps years.
A PLEASANT DUTT.
This I meditated to the accompaniment of
of that Cape Horn gale. Well, the weather
moderated next day at dawn; the ship was
got before it, the reefed foresail set, a couple
of reefs shaken out of the main topsail and
away drove the noWe old" fabric, surging
through the swollen knolls of yeast with the
headlong hurry of a creature mad in her
vearnings for the sun. The decks were to
be washed down. Tne poop was my pecu
liar care; as third mate it was my business
to receive the water handed in buckets from
a little pump before or abaft the mizzen
mast I forget which and rush it along,
calling upon the middies to scrub hand
somely whilst I saw that every portion of
the deck was thoroughly cleansed. We car
ried hen coops on either side the poop; under
the hen coops were battens designed to pre
vent the dirt of the coops from sifting out
onto the clean planks when the ship was
on a wind or when she rolled. In washing
down, these battens were always removed to
enable the water to sweep freely under the
coops. The captain was on deck as usual
pacing to windward In a pair of galoshes
and his high hat, which seemed to cling to
his head with the tenacity of a sou'wester.
The poop being washed away, I fell half
frozen, and in a very ngly temper, to re
placing the battens; but one was missing. I
looked about for it; but it was nowhere to be
seen. 3Iy captain was as penurious a rogue
as ever savea money out oi nautical cneese
paring; the loss, therefore, of an old piece of
wood would necessarily affect him as a very
considerable blow.
"Where's the batten, Mr. Busscll?" he
roared.
"I don't know, sir."
"Don't know! But you must knowl"
he shouted with his face like a northwest
moon in the German ocean. "Where is it,
sir?"
"I am afraid its overboard,'" said L
"By G !" he bellowed, "if it's overboard,
you go after it!"
'iron my eyes from his galoshes to his fiery
pimple of a nose.
"Find it, sir! find it!" he screamed bring
ing his feet with a squelching blow of the
galoshe down on the deck.
I walked forward, and after partaking of,
a enp of coffee with the boatswain in his
berth, I returned to the poop refreshed,
wanned, and resolved. I walked right up
to the skipper.
".Now Mr. X ," said I, not condesend-
ing to term him Captain, to which title no
shipmaster has right "I've had enough of
seataring, and as I propose to abandon the
life when I reached the Thames, I think I
may as well coil up and stop short just
here."
"Go below, sirl" he,roared.
HE QUITS THE SEA.
"You've treated me very rudely," I con
tinued, astonished by my own determina
tion, "and have shown yourself utterly in
capable of distinguishing between persons.
Your master has had a very great deal of
money out of my father, as you know, and
if there were more to be "obtained I don't
question that you'would have used me very
much more civilly. Sir, I am sick of the
sea, sick of this ship and sick of you;" and
so saying i waiKea on tne poop, leaving the
old chap speechless with rage.
I often wonder I did not causejiis death.
He had heart disease, and dropped dead at
his doof soon after the arrival of the ship in
the Thames.'
Half an hour after the steward came to
the midshipman's berth and told me the
Captain wanted me. I went aft to his cabin,
where I found him sitting at the table. I
see his white hair now, contrasting with his
purple face, and remember his old mackin-
tosh swinging against the bulkhead with
his hat on top of it, looking exactly like
him, as though, indeed, he had hanged
himself. The official log book was before
him.
"You refuse duty?"
"Most emphatically," said L
On that he "logged" me, and then I went
about my business.
I was supprised to be on bread and water
for the rest of the time, but I managed nrettv
well on the cabin leavings, through tipping .
tne siewara. aii tne way nome never did
a harder stroke of work then cutting up
sticks of Cavendish tobacco and -smoking
them. In fact, as I have said. I was sick of
the life; but since then, thanks probably to
a course of spring mattresses, good roast
beef, dry clothes, rest o' nights and total
freedom from the obligation of scrubbing
planks and tarring rigging, I have discov
ered that the ocean is not wholly without
romance. Clabke Bdsseli,.
THE EISE OF COTTON.
England's Pre-eminence as a Cotton
Manufacturing Country.
APPLICATION OF STEAM POWER,
Severe Laws Passed to Ketain a Monopoly
of the Industry.
AMERICA'S FIRST COTTON FACTORY
rWBITTIS VOB THE CISPATCK.l
N the last number of THE
Sunday Dispatch we
traced the history of the cot
ton industry, its inventions
and sudden rise into promi
nence in the world's history.
It was there remarked that
the history of this rise was
the history of its English
manufacture. So far as the inventions and
improvements were concerned, we have seen
they were all English in origin. But in
ventions are easily copied and these had no
peculiar adaptabilitv to English manu-v
facture. England is not a cotton producing
country, and so we must look for other
causes and influences which have made her
to this day pre-eminent as the cotton manu
facturing country of the world.
The great modern cotton inventions were
started about 1770 and completed in 1801.
At the beginning of this period horse power
and water power were applied, and in 1780,
steam. The fact that all these inventions,
and the first application of steam power
were made in England, gave her a natural
start over all possible competitors. It was
the War of theFrench Eevolution, however,
including the Napoleonic campaigns
which was England's great opportunity.
Let us get rid of the common erroneous no
tion which associates this revolution only
with the storming of the Bastile, and the
Eeign of Terror, or even the Dictatorship of
the "Little Corporal."
EESTJLTS OP THE FliEHCH EEVOLUTIOIT.
Let us realize by way of anticipation that
it produced results of equal magnitude
politically, socially and industrially in all
the continental nations that it first set in
motion those great modern upheavals only
just closed in the emancipation of Europe
from serfdom and bondage, the unification
of Italy and Germany, and the revival of
Austria results of so great magnitude that
could the masters of the old regime have
realized their consequences it would have
staggered belief and understanding. This
is strikingly illustrated when we realize
that France onlv a few short years before
the Bevolution produced more cotton goods
and of finer quality than England, while at
the close of the French Revolution proper,
in 1815, she did not make more than two
thirds or three-fourths of the quantity that
England had made at the beginning of the
war. Germany had made still less advance,
and was much less prepared to go ahead
than France. While the ultimate results
were to be the same, they were much less
radical andslowerinaccomplishment more
over Germany was very poor.
These influences not only concentrated
the industry in England, but within her
narrow limits there was a sub-concentration
in Lancaster, and especially in the city of
Manchester, and so it remains to this day.
The reason of the concentration is peculiar.
From fsry early times these places had
been the seat of the woolen industry, and
from natural conditions. Here were a num
ber of small streams affording a certain
amount of water power, for, although the
wool was spun by hand, yet this power was
much used for beating the cloth to "knap"
the threads together. Accordingly, when the
cotton industry came, it naturally rooted in
this district where the textile industries
were seated. Here were the spinners and
weavers, and here were the men who made
all the great inventions. Here the streams
affordetT natural facilities for bringing the
imported cotton,and for shipping the manu
factured goods. Liverpool, a considerable
sea port, was only 30 miles away.
THE USE OP STEAM.
The application of steam power, with its
use of coal for fuel, only intensified these
other advantages. Some years before a
canal had been constructed to Manchester
for the purpose of bringing coal fordomestic
use, and when steam was applied this proved
of great advantage. Iron, loo, was easily
accessible-all things seemed to unite at
this point in favor of the new King Cotton.
The industry soon after started in Scot
land under about tne same advantages in
water facilities, coal and iron. Leaving
aside all the influences of a bad Government,
Ireland's backward condition as compared
to Scotland and England is due to her lack
of coal and iron. Ireland seemed to have'a
very promising future in early manufactures,
but the lack of these great modern agents,
coal and iron, and these improvements in
the processes of manufacture, have hampered
her and pushed her back. The law of trade
and manufactures is the law of natural fa
cilities and advantages.
But the English Government thought
some particular measures were necessary to
keep a monopoly of the trade, and accord
ingly Parliament passed some barbarous
measures concerning machinery and its ex
port. To these measures some ascribe En
gland's manufacturing greatness but in
correctly; though the policy of preventing
the exportation of machinery was followed
for over a century. In 1750 Parliament for
bade the exportation of the tools of the silk
and woolen manufactures. In 1774 this
waB revised and extended to cottons and
linens. In 1781, cotton having got a great
start from the numerous inventions. Parlia
ment forbade the exportation of machines or
partB of machines, or drawings or models
of the tools of 'all these industries. In 1785
all these provisions were strengthened, and
further extended to iron. The next move
was to forbid the emigration of the work
men in these various trades.
RESTRICTIVE LAWS EVADED.
But all these measures were entirely fu
tile. It was impossible to prevent the send
ing of letters or the use of memory. In
1824-25 a Parliamentary committee investi
gated the action of these laws. At the time
they got conflicting evidence of the advan
tages of the system; but there was plenty of
evidence that the laws were evaded, and
that numerous workmen -went out of En
gland. They simply weut to another part
of England, where they were unknown, and
then shipped. How could it be prevented?
In several parts of France English work
men were employed, and there were Ger
mans in England before the French Bevolu
tion, ready now to carry back tr.e processes.
As to machinery, while there was evi
dence that some firms would not engage in
the export, there were others who did ship
separate parts mixed with other goods in
which they could not be detected.
But the strongest proof of the futility of
such a policy is afforded in the "United
States. In 1787 a company was started at
Beverly, Mass., and, the machinery was set
"up under the eye of English workmen. It
"was conducted for several years with more
or less success, and possessed all the ma
chinery, so far as that went.
In 1789 Slater, a workman under Ark
lyright himself, landed at -New York and
entered into a contract to manufacture in
Bhode Island, where the real start in the
"United States was made. .Here, within ten
years after the inventions, were mills com
pletely equipped, it is clear that tpese
laws did not delay us. Just at this time
there was a revival in business from the
preceding hard times. The countrv was
very poor and capital scarce and obtainable
only at fcign rates, xne industry started
probably as soon as it could under natural
conditions for it must be remembered this
was before the day of tariffs.
THE LATS REVISED.
On the report of the Parliamentary Com
mittee in 1824-25 the laws regulating the
export of machinery were "revised," but to
one reading between the "political" lines,
it was simply a way to let this policy of
government down easy. The laws forb id
ding the emigration of workmen were re
pealed- Though the world has been slow to
give over searching for the Fountain .of
Youth and the Philosopher's Stone and
other such entrancing fancies, yet, as in
these, it in slowly learning that paper
written laws cannot monopolize the world's
wealth and trade, even though it may affect
its course in particular localities. Wise
legislation' is conducive;, it acts in smooth
ing difficulties and in aid of trade not re
striction. These laws probably hurt En
gland instead of benefiting her. Manufact
erers complained that it tended to stop in
vention by robbing the inventor of thefruits
of his genius; and the iron and steel indus
tries complained that it hurt them that
they were' sacrificed (and without fruit) at
the shrine of other trades.
England's superiority came from her start.
France and Germany were not in condition
to take nn the inventions with success. From
1770-1789 France was bankrupt and the
country drifting toward the rocks of revolu
tion on which the old ship of state was to go
to pieces. Capital could not be secured, and
confidence was still scarcer. From 1777 to
1815 France was continually at war, and
with the very power which possessed these
inventions. Germany, until the end of 1815,
was either divided into a great number of
small States without any strong govern
ment, or was overrun by the hostile forces
of the French.
ENGLAND'S START.
England had a start of 20 years over us in
America (ddwn to 1790), for we were poor
from the effects of the war, with the power
less and bankrupt Government of the Fed
eration, and without banks or currency of
any value. The Bevolutionary War was
fought on this side of the Atlantic, and did
not interfere with England's manufactures
beyond the burden of taxation. She had
abundant capital, and had maderemarkable
progress in her coal and iron industries
these conditions afford the secret of her
present success.
Previous tj this time India was Europe's
great source of supply in cotton goods, and
these inventions had a disastrous eliect on
the Indian people; for religious scruples
stood in the way of her appropriating to
herself their benefits. The coarser grades
of her cottons began to decline early, but
even her finer grades were injured and de
pressed. The effect was soon apparent.
Early in this century the nature of her trade
began to change. She began to export, the
raw cotton and to import the manufactured
goods. To-day the export of raw cottqn is
her greatest staple. Along the Mediterra
nean, too, the manufacture began to decline.
Political changes had doubtless something
to do with these changes in condition in
both places, but the great cause was modern
invention. Their manufactures were in
truth "driven to the wall."
John Dean Browx.
KEYSTONE TRAITS.
C'olonol-Purkcr Compliments Pennsylvania's
School Teachers.
Colonel F. W. Parker, of the Cook county
normal school, who has been lecturing be
fore institutes in Pennsylvania for some
weeks, was at the Union depot a few nights
ago going home.
"I have talked to many teachers in nearly
all the States," he said, "but the Pennsyl
vania institutes are the best I ever attended.
The teachers are wideawake, progressive
and willing to try the latest ideas. Of
course, there are some carping critics here
as everywhere else.
"Pennsylvania is a State that retains its
old stock. This used to be true of New
England, but in later years it has had a
complete turning over. The Pennsylva
nians aro a Btrong and rugged people, and
the descendants of old families can be found
on the ancestral estates. If I know what
class of people settled in a county I can
mention their names with ease.
"In the AYest society is not heterogeneous.
You see all kinds of men, and they ali differ
in physical development It does one good
to come back to Pennsylvania to look at a
race of men uniformly strong, musoular and
intellectual."
A FREIGHT LULL.
Railroad In Earnest Abont Maintaining
Bnlea for the Future.
There is a big lull in the freight business.
The traffic on all the roads has fallen off
wonderfully since the first of the year. The
freight men explain it by saying that ship
pers are busy taking account of stock, and
they hurried off their heavy shipments in
December to take advantage of the low
rates as long as they lasted.
"I hope the railroads will keep their Sew
Year's resolutions to maintain rates," said a
commercial agent yesterday. "I never
knew them to sign an agreement with so
much earnestness and willingness. I think
the stockholders have been calling down the
managers, and, giving them to understand
that their toads are run for profits, not for
the purpose of fighting out petty quarrels.
The Santa Fe road has reduced the salaries
of their employes 10 per cent. The local
commercial agent has been cut down from
10 to ?12 per montli."
THE ANNUAL EXPENSES.
What It Cost! Allegheny County to Maintain
Prisoner.
The annual meeting of the County Prison
Board was held yesterday morning. Warden
Berlin was re-elected. Dr. T. J. Herron
was elected Jail physician. The resigna
tion of the matron, Mrs. Maggie C. Small,
was accepted. The vacancy has not been
filled.
The total expenses for the year were 51.7,
934 42; the number of prisoners received,
5,840; average per day, 16.66; average per
day maintained, 156.29; cost of food per day
for each prisoner, 6.01 cents; average cost of
food, supplies and repairs for each prisoner,
7.86 cents; average daily expense of the
jail, ?28 77.
CLASS CHANGES.
Western, Roads Advance and Reduce n,
Number of Articles.
The following changes in the Western
classification, which affect this territory,
have been made to go into effect Janu
ary 10.
Electric plant outfit, hitherto not provided
for, but taking first-class rates, has been re
duced to fourth-class; fruit jars, less than
carloads, have been advanced from third to
second-class; table glassware has been, re
duced from first to second-class, less than
carloads, and from third to fourth in car
loads. Sewing machines have been reduced
jTrom first to fourth-class, fire brick has been
changed from class C to D, and crockery
has been advanced from fonrth to second
class. New Year in Salt Lake Ciiy.
ifw.6a&
" If, .H.J
rftfc
Salesman Is that all, sir?
Elder Muchmore Yes; that'll do. Have
each article wrapped up in a separate paper,
and mark them "For Mamma." I'll send a
truck'around later. Puck.
Best and cheapest, Salvation Oil only 26
cent. It banishes pain every time.
r-T
ML nJTffl.J-M'Mt1
PLEA FOR CHILDREN.
Shirley Dare on the Dangers of Mod
ern Educational Systems.
IGKOEUJCB OP LAWS OP HEALTH
Shown in the Construction and Manage
mant of School Homes.
SLEEP THE BASIS 0P GOOD HEALTH.
fWElTTKS FOB THE DISPATCH.
WHETHER our
children belong to us
or to the State and
society, which gra
ciously permit us the
trouble and expense
of rearing them, and
proceed to undo all
our care and pains,
is one of the ques
tions deserving ser
ious consideration.
The wisest men feel
not all sure that hu
man beings exist for
the good of the' in
definite body called society, still less for the
figurative body called the State. Bather it
seems.in the growing light of intelligence
that the State and society are but certain
forms and protections meant for the better
development and security of each individual
in them, and where injury is the part of any
one being, we may be certain that wrong W
in the mechanism, which must be corrected,
or presently run at a loss and stop. This is
not the place to say what the best parents
are beginning to feel about the wholesale
methods of training their children. The
public schools are on their trial. For 23
years they have sent out a race of scheming,
ambitious, unprincipled men, and grasping,
officious, intriguing women, A reaction .is
at hand, and a very powerful, increasing
minority begin to demand a better type of
mental and bodily development.
Thc physique of American children up to
the age of serious work in- school may be
satisfactory, but after that time, deteriora
tion is plain. It shows in the bent knees
and shambling walk of lads, and the awk
wardness of girls. The awkward age of
youth is unnecessary as is theimbecility of
old age. Each confesses ignorance of health
and want of care.
No matter how slender a lad Pr growing
girl may be, if carried straight as a dart
with head held well, the effect is good, and
will carry the eye after it in a crowd of less
distinguished beauty. I shall never jfor
get the straight, lance-like figure, the high
held head of a young Irish heiress at a cer
tain schoof in the Northwest. It was pre
sided over by a lady of family and fine
breeding, whose pupils were mostly pretty
girls from well-to-do homes. The teachers
were elegant young women of the best con
nections, and'fine manners were in the very
air of the house.
A SLKNDEB BEAUTY.
But Hate of course her name was Kate
was far and away the belle of the school,
simply from the perfection of her carriage,
which I can see now, moving reed-like in
the dancing lessons, (with a juistinction- it
would sound commonplace to call queenly.
Beauty of face and form may be a mere
physical accident, or an inheritance, to be
no more credited to the owner than a fami-'
ly nose or mouth. But a fine carriage has
something Individual and distinctive about
it that never belongs to any but good qual
ity of mind and blood. 9 .
Whoever has straight, well-carried chil
dren may rest satisfied that their physical
training has been what it ought to be.
Straight, erect, lissom forms cannot be
found without good health, nay, without the
best health. When boys and girls begin to
droop and "lop round," to nse the expres
sive homely phrase, it is high time to look
sharply after their physical well-being.
Food, dress, drainage and ventilation at
home and at school should undergo most
critical inspection. Just fancy what sort of
surprised reception a parent would meet
from a high minded school com
mittee, who should call to intimate
that the air from the basement
rising through a building where 250 pupils
herded together was debilitating and unfit
to breathe.
Suppose one of that indefinite body which
wears the indefinite name of "the parents,"
with school board and teachers, were to say
in out-spoken truth that the $60,000 school
building, with its old English hooded
porches and carvings after those of Eugby
and Winchester, had nothing worth the
name of ventilation, and that the hundred
scholars in it were little better off for
breathing air than the operatives in the fac
tory nearby! Fancy what a life that par
ent's boy or girl would lead in school after
ward, being down in the black books of
teacher, superintendent and "the commit
tee." The boycotting which can be admin
istered a refractory parent over the shoul
der of a sensitive child needs a new Dickens
to take it up. Indeed'the state of societyln
most of the "highly intelligent villages"
and towns of to-day-t-their rivalries, feuds
and revenges over school and church mat
ters, local politics and social jealousies will
furnish matter for a Dickens and a Daudet,
and Mr. Howells has barely essayed a
thumb-nail sketch of it in his last novel,
"Annie Kilburn." There is work here, im
portant interest enough in these petty feuds
to engross the shrewdest minds and hearts.
Meanwhile the children breathe bad air,
grow irritable and weakly, and have bent
spines. Fathers and mothers need to lay it
to the heart that a sound child always
stands straight naturally. And half the de
formed spines in the world come right when
lett to sound nourishment and pure air.
MILITAET DRILL..
Military drill does much for droopy boys,
and girls, too, if taught by a rigid, real sol
dier, who is satisfied with turning out
straight figures," well held together, and does
not attempt to make a show corps of them or
hold prize drills. It is unaccountable how
some prize soldiers or cadets lose their erect
ness when they give up competition, while a
boy who goes -into the drill for the good he
gets from it personally is apt to keep the
trace of it all his life. En passant, give
ebildren well-fitting clothes if you would
have good figures. A short pair of trousers,
or braces too short, make a boystand hunch
back slightly, or bend his knees to -ease the
strain, Boys ought to wear knickerbockers
as long as-EDglisn lads do, till they are 15
at least, and always in vacation, to have good
legs and good use of them. Girls
need mechanical assistance to over
Come their sedentary weakness of body.
A good stiff shoulder brace, or an old En
'glish backboard is a good thing for debili
tated girls, spite of the general idea that it
is best to acquire a straight figure by will
alone. Mechanical aids are of the greatest
value in physical training, as all horse
trainers know. The women who wore stiff
braces and backboards and high collars
through school daysinthe old time, seldom
knew spine disease or its adjuncts. In ad
vance of all questioning I wish to say that
at the present writing I don't know of a
shoulder-brace sold that is worth the name,
and advise ladies in want of them to apply
to some army friend who may know of an
efficient one, as worn in the service. If any
body can tell me where an old-fashioned
backboard can be found, I shall esteem it a
favor.
If yon want women, debilitated persons
or young things to have a .good carriige,
some small points are worth attention. One
is to provide footstools as commonly as seats
in school or house. Every person, young or
old, ought to have a seat graduated to his
length of limb, which oi course wo do not
have, and the strain on the lower muscles
of the back in consequence throws the
shoulders forward for relief. Let girls have
low seats or .good footstools of wood that
will bear weight. Let boys in privacy sit
with the heels high as their heads, or lie on
the floor, for it relieves the tension of the
back muscles caused by sitting at a desk.
Men who lead office lives do a very healthy
and sensible thing, albeit not a decorous
one, when they tip a chair back on its hind
legs and put their heels on a table. It
changes the strain to fresh mnscles and rests
the whole body. Boys must be taught the
decorums necessary for public places and
company, and they must also understand
tho reasonable freedoms of privacy, and
their limitations.
TAKING COMFOET.
I like to see a man or boy take his com
fort in shirt sleeves and tipped backchair
under his own .vine and porch tree, if the
vine is thick enough for a screen. Tne
fewer unnecessary rules he is hampered
with, the more serenely he may observe es
sential ones. Give girls longer dresses, if
you would have them perfectly straight.
Girls from 7 vears old, and yonnger, are
painfully conscious of legs, in short skirts,
to the knees, and they will dip and stooji a
little inevitably. Skirts halfway to the
ankle should be. the rule after babyhood.
Less is neither modest nor tending to agood
carriage. The military dress collars in
vogue for some years, if lined with buck
ram and wired as they should be, -insensibly
teach a girl how to carry her head well, but
must be nicely measured not to fret the
neck. An erec habit in girls tends to de
velop a good bast in womanhood.
If you will have your children clear-eyed,
springy and upright, let their sleep be
sacred. TJieir growth and rest is made in
sleep, and nature is heavily taxed between
the two. Especially make it a firm rule
from babyhood with nervous children that
they are never to be waked. Let them
waken of themselves. A baby or young
child, with good sized head, that sleeps 16
hours out of 24 is doing the best thing for
itself, provided it is bright and cheerfnl
when awake. If dull and peevish, suspect
indigestion oi brain trouble at once. But
do not allow their sleep to be broken, unless
by a physician's orders. I can trace life
long nervousness to being obliged to get up
earlier than nature prompted. Poor" little
heavy head, falling asleep against the side of
the bed in dressing! Itwasasad preparing for
the shocks and strains of later life. But it
was the theory then that children should
form a habit of early rising, if their" brains
withered in consequence. Send a child to
bed early, comfortable, easy in mind, in an
airy bedroom, and he will not fail to wake
just as soon as it is good for him provided
nesieeps at an. uut tne ways ot spoiling
children's sleep are legion. Juvenile par
ties and evenings at the theater ought to
happen perhaps twice in a year, not oftener;
better not at all till after 14. 'But this rem
nant of devilworship will probably remain
rooted in society for some time to come, and
we may hope to succeed better with un
pleasant errors.
Eunrrxo a child's best.
An old-fashioned way of ruining a child's
rest was by hearing recitations evenings, as
Margaret Fuller's father did, rendering her
a prey to nervous headaches the rest of her
life, and unsettling every sort of family
comfort. Latin, Greek and mathematics to
be gone over from 8 to 10 every evening
must have been so entertaining to the house
hold. I can recall similar tortures when,
just as I was settling with a story book at 8
o'olock, which wouldihave rested my brains
for sleep, I was called up for cross-questioning
on rules of algebra and Latin declen
sions, till I was released tired, cross, and
hating the tormentor with 'all my soul.
Sleep after such work, or after evening
study, is either a stupor or a dream-vexed
delirium, not half the refreshment it ought
to be. And if parents who exact lessons
evenings, have cross, unlovely children,
hard to manage, it serves them right.
I know that the upshot of my early rising
and late study was that, at the age of 9, 1
walked down on an Ohio wharfboat madly
resolved to throw myself into the river and
get rid of it all. It was a bit of hysteria in
a child who ought to have been roaming the
fields, with just two studies, learned by day
light. I wanted rest and easy living out of
an instinct of self-preservation, but since
then how I have had to fight a nervous,
overstrung lad7 eaten up with the devouring
ambition raised in hot-pressed schools, to
keep him from studying every waking
hour, and in bed and all night was saying
his lessons in his sleep. How manv moth
ers havo good cause to dread examinations,
which not only:eat up the freshness of their
children's faces, bat transform them into
frantic, exacting monsters,
YOUTHFUL INSANITY, f
I recall one girl of 12 who had been put
through the usual grind of nine studies till
her growing, intolerable nervousness forced
her release from school. Her face had noth
ing childish about it except its smallness.
Her complexion, thin and wrinkled, was
that of a woman of 30, and the sharpened
features had a settled ill-humor that was in
cipient insanity. Do you think this inces
sant harping on the note of -insanity un
called for? Statistics, show that it is not so.
I wish every parent would read and lay to
heart the experience of a living educator in
the Massachusetts Journal of Education,
who rehearses over 20 cases he has known,
wherethe intense studv demanded for pass
ing examinations with honor has ended with
breakdown, lingering disease and death. In
the same number was most exquisite con
firmation of such possibilities in the list of
Btudies taken for different courses in Har
vard. The amount of work might appal a
jurist, and it really seems as if the faculty
must have computed the full ability ot their
practiced full-grown brains as the measure
for 18-year-old lads. It is consoling to know
that honor men seldom amount to much in
after life. Those who pay such-a fearful
price for prizes are moral tools, whose in
fluence could only be dangerous to the
world.
The history of the most distinguished
men leads to the conclusion that early men
tal culture is not necessary to produce the
highest powers of mind. There is scarcely
an instance of a great man, one who has ac
complished great results, and has obtained
the gratitude of mankind, who in early life
received an education in reference to the
wonderful labors which he afterward per
formed. In general their education was but
small in their early life. Self-education in
after life made them great.
Bhieley Dabe.
Beautiful Engraving Free.
"Will They Consent?" is a magnifi
cent engraving, 19x24 inches. It is an
exact copy of an original painting by Kwall,
which was sold for ?5,000. ,
This elegant engraving represents a young
lady standing in a beautiful room, sur
rounded by all that is luxurious, near a
half-open door, while the young man, her
lover,. is seen in an adjoining room asking
the consent of her parents for their daughter
in marriage. It must be seen to be appre
ciated. This costly engraving will be given away
free, 'to every person purchasing a small
box of Wax Starch.
This starch is something entirely new,and
is without a doubt the greatest starch in
vention of the nineteenth cefttury (at least
everybody says so that has used it). It
supersedes everything heretofore used or
known to science In the laundry art. Un
like any other starch, as it is made with
pure white wax. It is the first and only
starch in the worJd that makes ironing
easy and restores old summer dresses and
skirts to their natural whiteness, and im
parts to linen a beautiful and lasting finish
as when new. '
Try it and be convinced of the whole
truth.
Ask for Wax, Starch and obtain this
engraving free.
The Wax Starch Co.,
Eeokuk, Iowa.
Marvin's Queen's Jubilee.
Everybody uses it It is the best bread
made. Every loaf sealed with a blue seal.
Take no other brand. Grocers keep it. t
luFsa
Tho Best is'Cbcapest.
Especially is this true in regard to "Bosa"
Jia," a flour manufactured by Whitmyre &
Co., Thirty-eighth street and Allegheny
Valley Bailroad.
Fine watches a specialty; i low prices a
certainty at Hauch's, No. 295Tifth are.
wrsu .
TTT71? -AT TRTQTT TWAlQ ?ou cannot bear your isolation longer. You g
Llilj Al LLlIOll J.ItiDi determine on Investigation at the risk -of M
Edgar L. Wakeman Has Some Varied
and Peculiar Experiences
A WABHRECEPTM,COLD SERVICE.
The Uao of Forcible Language and Many
Tips Xecessarj..
A QUAINT OLD IEISH H03TELEI
rCOBRXSrONDrNCE OP THE DISPATCH.!
ALWAT, IEE-
LAND, December
24. As a rule, an
Irish inn is nothing
better than a base
mockery of that
most uncompromis
ing torturer of man,
an English inn.
The charming En
glish inn is found
only in English fic
tion, and stumbled
upon in unexpected
and undiscoverable English places. The
charming Irish inn la ,so rare a thing that
even Irish fiction, with all its winsome ex
aggeration, is guileless of its presence. In
fact, a hotel in Ireland is simply a place
where one voluntarily for a necessary
periods resigns himself to captivity,
surveillance and extortion. The actual
and tremendous indignation and sur
prise evinced at protest against either
are elements of humor in the situation,
if those may exist where there seems
only despair. Dante, with some particu
larity, states that over the gate of Inferno,
he saw among other portentous announce
ments this sentence: "All hope abandon, ye
who enter here." Often one has known a
hundred or so Irish inns, the fancy irre
sistibly comes that the route of Virgil's
ghost lay wholly through Ireland, and that
Dante has suppressed some of the most im
portant facts of the tour. v For irrevocable
delay at an Irish inn would prepare any
mind for as direful a crime upon universal
civilization as that perpetrated in the
writing of "Inferno" by the maundering
man-hater1 of Florence.
The effusiveness of your welcome at an
Irish inn is alarming. The next instant you
are alarmed because, with a Queen's war
rant, you could not find a shred of that wel
come. From a dozen to a score of grinning,
wriggling, vociferous beings grab and grasp
and gurgle at you until you are inside the
door and outside the law, and your belong
ings have been wrenched from yon, and
yourself left as lone as is silence between
the stars. Then if you find them, or any
body, in that blessed innr you are an ex
plorer, a discoverer, a great, brave and pa
tient soul.
THE IEISH LANDLORD.
If your arrival may have been by falling
off a jaunting-car into the door, if you have
ridden in a hearse-like wagonette to the
place subject to the premature and pro
miscuous levies of the lightning-tongued
hordes that accompany it, or if you have
walked and been haunted and taunted by
porters and urchins from station to inn, for
your niggardness and efforts to destroy the
customs of the country, there they all are,
a notification of the separate and distinct
distinc instruments for vexation you must
know. There is the landlord, riotous in. ob
sequiousness; the landlady, beaming with
smiles, but measuring your capacity lor im
position with unerring accuracy; the head
waiter, a superior foreign being, usually a
German-French adventurer in full dress,
who performs all offices with scorn, bnt
now standing there with bland permissi
bility in his face for your coming tri
al; the porter and the second porter, who
grin at vou this once to ever alter grind ;
"boots ' that sodden. ffr?mv slave who never
g;
sleeps and is ever at w. with all other
souls within the place: "juttons.", in uni
form as to clothing, but in permanent gloom
as to face, save when you arrive and he
lightens up with joy at the misery he alone
can cause you; a half dozen odorous stable
men, who eaeh watch their chance to leer
and pull their forelocks at yon "in effort to
establish secret recognition of what you may
expect if you do not placate them; the bar
maid, who knows you know that it is she
alone who supplies the awful voluminous
ness and minuteness of the inevitable bill,
and who giggles andjgyratesas she sees your
own writhing recognition of what is to come;
and a number of muscular cattle called
chambermaids, who in a trice have settled
the manner in which you shall be racked
and wrecked within the precincts of the
dank, clammy den to which you are certain
to be consigned.
COLDLY BEALISTIC.
But in a moment the cold realism of your
situation has come. You are inside a low,
dark, narrow hall and alone'. At one side
is the bar, an affair constructed like an
American railway station news stand,
which is shut out from sight whenever the
barmaid wishes to yawn, the landlady de
sires to abuse her Boniface, or your own
objurgations become too numerous and de
cisive. Opposite is the "Coffee Boom," a
long, low, cheerless place, with a long, low,
cheerless table, spread with a cloth ever
decorated with misplaced matter. If vou
have the good fortune to finally get any
thing to eat in the place, jou will have to
partake of it with a blowsy tourist possess
ing one sofa, a drunKen guest snoring upon
another, a crowd of drovers, of politicians
or of the constabulary or military, swigging
ale or stout beside you, and the whole
room as blue as a channel fog with the
smoke of tobacco. But there you are in the
prison-like hall.
The head waiter is gone; the porter has
grabbed your luggage 'and disappeared;
"boots" and "buttons" have vanished;
landlord, landlady and bar-maid have been
swallowed up in the inconceivable some
where behind the bar; stablemen and cham
bermaids arc whisked into undiscoverable
retreats. Great, gloomy doors, black, moldy
walls, hard, forbidding ceilings, alone con
front you. You bang your knuckles against
the bar-window. Landlord, landlady or
bar-maid, by and by appears, giving vou a
look of pained surprise, and then disap
pears. .
You call. "Porter!" "Boots!" "But-
.tofis!" "Chambermaid!" There is not even
a reproving glance now in answer. Then
you go and look into the street awhile.
Passers seem to wonder how you happened
to escape. Beturning you call and bang
some more. This time echo alone reproves
you. Groping about the place you snatch
at a bell-Cord big as your wrist, with a tas
sel as big as your head. This you tug at
very violently. The clang and clamor of
the bell, which you cannot locate, fill the
whole place. The bar-window comes up
with a slam, goes down with a slam, and an
expression of disgust and dismay is caught
escaping between the slams. Then, peering
up from dark stairways, and peering out of
quickly-opened doors, are seen faces full of
grave surprises; you hear all about your ex
clamations of disgust and dismay; and in
another instant all these faces are gone,
and yon are again alone.
SLOW SEETICE.
Then you talk out loud to yourself for a
while, in rude, concise American words.
And then you go out to the street again to
assure yourself that the town yon are in is
there. "Strengthened, you return' and find
the'big bell cord. You jerk and jerk at
that. You find other bell cords and jerk at
them. Nearly all of them ring bells, bells
of such awful size and sound, and, in in
stances, such startling nearness, that you
are scared at your own dire work and are
rather relieved that nobody appears to
avenge your calamitous proceedings. For
a time you exist in the dazed, dark, silent
spell that has come upon yon, bnt finally
you cannot bear yonr isolation longer. You
determine on investigation at the risk -of
yonr actions being misconstrued, and your
self arrested and Sung into Dublin castle.
Even there, you reflect, there would at least
exist a motive for your being looked after
by somebody. You try all the doors and
windows of the bar, softly at first, but grad
ually to an earnest and burglarious degree.
Then yon try all the dark hall doora from
which peered faces full of surprise at your
obstreperousness. These are locked, or open
onlv upon repelling gloom.
Determined to secure relief, you timidly
seek the "coffee room" "human warious'
Everybody there is snoring, or, as you
might be told in Ireland, is out. Then yon
attempt to descend stairs which you think
ought to lead to where servants ought to be.
Alter you crash against sharp angles and
fall in unexpected turns, this attempt is
abandoned. Then in desperate hope and
courage you begin scaling the ascent3 to
upper mysteries. You are more successful
here, for, by following the stair railing, you
can at least for some little time proceed.
You go pretty high this way. Doubtful of
where v6u are. vou return a flight or two.
Then you move stealthily through a dark,
stuffy hall. Like a sneak-thief yon try
every door you find, listening with beating
ing heart for movements of vengeance from
supposititious occupants. Your strained
hearing catches the soundof footsteps. Your
first swift impulse is to fly like a criminal.
Bnt no, you will lie in wait. Sloppily,
slouchily,-sleepily, a human approaches.
You suddenly pounce upon him and hold
Kim as remorselessly as ever "GoodyBlake"
was clutched by "Harry Gill." The man
says, "Lord bless us!" but does not seem
very frightened. He probably knows what -it
is to be frequently surprised in the dark
by desperate people. You demand with
suppressed emotion to be led to your room.
Lord bless us, yes, certainly; bnt yon do not
loosen your grip upon the individual. By
and by you have penetrated the somewhere,
and find yourself in a room that must bet
your room because you recognize some
featnres of your own luggage when falling
oyer it.
TVAKE3IAN DEMANDS A FIEE. ,
But there you are at last, and what a
'room I Shades of past ages, how thy kindly
wraiths are insulted by what is here in pre
tension, patching, mold and decay! Una
fears to nse a drawer lest the furniture will
crumble in pieces and dolorous spirits be
unloosed. The washstand is propped, the
bowl is cracked; the towel 13 aa shredded and
useless as macreme. Yon can only sit In safety
on the floor. And jour bed Is harder, damper
an-1 dirtier than an Irish stono road. You.
tio" the man you have caught, out of all
reason, and shivenngly ask for a light and a
fire. Lord blest us, yes, certainly as to a light;
bnt thero must be a consultation about tha
fire. Ho departs and yon stand tbere supported
by hope and a compact, black atmosphere
for a good half hour. He never re
turn:?, bnt another man does. This one brings
one tiny candle faintly hinting of light, and
disclosing the extraordinary necessityf or Ii;ht.
Yon suggest that yon will need more. He Is
appalled. Bat you pledge yonr ability to pay
for two, or even three, candles, if all are burned
together. That may be admitted, but the In
novation is too mach. Yon f eo this new man.
Lord bless us, yes, certainly; he will see Ho
goes away and never returns. You take your
candle and make a little trip n round the echo
ing halls, but you find no one. Then yon return
to your room, find the bell-cord, and enliven
the old hostelry for a long time with' doleful
tollings, ianghngs and impetuous staccatos of
a remote bnt strong-toned bell.
By and by another man cojaes. as if in douBt
fnl attentiveness, and seems anxious to know If
yon fcavo really rung. You endeavor to make
it clear that you have, and why you have; and
you fee him and say, "My good fellow!" and
There's a muni" and other friendly things.
This one goes and stays, like the rest. You be
gin on the bell again, or, thoroughly reckless
and desperate, rush to your door and yell; yell
as one will when the limit to human patience is
reached. In a moment they are all tbere; alt
the pack of persecutors who first gavo vou wel
come. Then you address them in unmistakable.
language. They are surprised, pained, humili.
ated, at your extraordinary conduct.
HE USES THEEATS.
But by a frank statement that unless a fire of
coals is put in your grate you will utilize the
unjointed sections of furniture for that pur
pose, and unless you are furnished enough
candles you will make a pyre of the Inn Itself
for lignt with which to get out of it, you ara
eventually providod with what you want by
two or three other people who have been lying
in wait for this very denonement: these onlv
submitting to accommodate yon after their
palms have been crossed with silver; like tha
bad old witches of tho story books. Utterly-exhausted,
your stony couch is as down, and
these folk of the inn so hannt you through
night and sleep, that yonr predicament; your
arrest, your appeal to Consuls-General, and'
your finally becoming the subject of so bitter
an international dispute as o endanger the
piece of an hundred million people, In tortuous
protentousness charges back and forth "
with unrelenting fury through your troubled.
dreams. ' f
In every other act or fact abont the Irish 4
inn, there is the samo hopeless stubborn- 1
ness. Once within it you must resign your- '
self, soul and body to indescribable delay. In
attention and every conceivable and Incon
ceivable affront and incivility. The guest!
is a creature to be plucked, bullied and pil- .
laged. To the credit of the Irish people the
truth should be known that not one in tenl
of these mantraps are kept by Irishmen or!
Irishwomen. Their proprietors were In the
army, tho navy, the civil service, the coast-'
guards, or the constabulary. To these beings t
with wooden beads and straw hearts, civility 13 -.
unknown; comfort is unheeded; Innovation is ;
treason; in improvement Inrks dynamite; and
an American in their bands is infinitely mora
bated and maltreated than in any otbefspot on
eartb. So in all Ireland the sense of hospital
ity never greets the traveler, save among; the
people themselves; and 1 might almost truth
fully say among the lowlien of these; "or, at
somo roadside half-home half-tavern: or in
some quiet old inn of which the public has no
knowledge. In snch places one's heart iwfll
warm and glow from a sincerity of effortto
please; from genial proof of the real dellgtic
your presence Is felt to be; and from an abne
gation and integrity startlingly winsome in,
their nature. In the humblo homes and hov
els all this has como within my own experi
ence; and In the queer, quaint Madigan Inn in
wild old Galway town of the West, I know It
truly, wholly, for- the first time in any In Eria,
A "WAESI "WELCOME.
"We had come with the "long-car" late at
night down the gray-walled Ongbterard road.
But few lights In the sleepy old city were
mirrored from the waters of the Corrib as wo
rattled over the great stono bridge. Tramping
alone from the post-car station through tha
wraithf ul old streets, I at last found the little
place, a gleaming light of welcome hnng in the ,
oldest and quaintest of lamps before it. The
door stood wide open to the chilly winter night.
The yellow glow of a rousing peat fire filled
tho place flaringly and ruddily. I paused at
the door a moment. There within were John 4
and Elie Jladigan, he an Irish blade who filled
Elie's heart brimming over; she a young ma- i
tron of such shapely limb, such clorious color, ..
'snch merry eyes and mouth, and of such nobla
girth from toe to toD, th-tt one could easily .,
fancy that tho light 'of the place and the
warmth of tbe whole inn. somehow radiated
from her very Irish heart and presence. These
two were behind the little bar, arms akimbo. .
and with murmurous, comforting words for ?
three Galwav fishwives seated at a little deal-
table filling themselves with stout and the air
with lugubrious lamentations abont the bad
luck of the men of Claddagh who canght tha
fish they sold. Fierce, colorful, hooded,
braldeen-covered shrews they wete, and tha
picture was one for an artist.
In a moment more I stepped within; stood
among them; asked for housing and entertain
ment: and awaited the working of Mrs. Elie
Madigan's intellect and judgment. Tbe change
in her fine face from defensive-aggressive sus
picion, 'to tolerance, to kindliness, to final
whole-hearted welcome, the while her John,
with pursed lips and upraised eyes, also be
nignly waited upon her conclusions, was ludi
crous, wondrous, sweet. Then the practical
welcome of great bestirring was a whirlwind of
grand-hearted Irish hospitality. To a cavern
ous room I was more carried than led; tha
woman did a dozen things of delight at tba
same instant; the man rubced his hands and
beamed between and on us both; every soul in.
that house, fish-wives and all.ran in that room,
ran out again, ran upon and over each other
and myself; and all their tongues ran like craxy
wind-mills betimes.
Steaming punch was proffered; enough for a
dozen meals was got; a fire that roared and
surged alarmingly was made; enough candles
were lighted around me, over me, beiide me,
for a joyous wake: every half minute band
shaking and actual embracing, fishwives and
all, must be Indulged in; until perspiration
poured from John's face, from Elie s face,
from my own face and despito my struggles
I was actually, absolutely, literally, put to oed
that night by that man, that woman, and those
three odorous fishwives, with as kindly touch. ,
and innocent hearts as ever blessed a helpless
babe when comes the gentlo night in sweet
home hours. Cdoas L. waxxxax.
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I
t
Suj