Centre Democrat. (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, January 03, 1884, Image 7
LADIES' DEPARTMENT. TVoia>a la lh ■.<>> An. f In the essay on "Women in the Fourteenth Century," we read some things which, in view of the omission of the word "obey" recently from the marriage service of the Methodist church, may be read with interest, peaking of a "Hook for Women," by one Geoffrey de La Tour Landry, in the early period referred to, Prof. Wheeler says; Wifely ol>edience is pushed to ex treme (In tho btok). Three mer chants laid a wager that each had the most dutiful wife. The test should be "leping" into a basin of water. Then they went to their homes, one after the other. The tirst wife refused to leap, and her husband "up with his fust, and gave her two or three grat strokes" in the presence of the other merchants. The second wife also refused, and her lord Iteat her with a staff. Tho third lady misunderstood an order io bring salt for a command to leap upon the table where they were all feasting, and, being lettcr bred than the other obeyed the order as she under it, leaped upon the table, and {lit it down with u crash. The x was declared won, without ap to the basin experiment. "And so ought everi good woman do the commandment of her husband, be it evil or well; for yef he hiddeher thing that she aught not to do it is his shame." A Lfirnrtl %Voman* The life of Miss Anna Sutton, re cently published in England, presents a character which it is more easy to admire than to imitate. She was born In the province of Ulster, Ireland, in 1791, and died in 1881. At 20 years of age, having previously received only a rudimental education, she found a Latin grammar, and forthwith at tempted to master it She learned the language, and read all the chief clas- Next she took up Greek and read tALNew Testament, Homer, and such works as fell in her way. | pMQprh. Italian, Hebrew, Arabic, and Cnkldalc followed, and when passed 80 1 years of age she astonished a learned descendant of Abraham by conversing with him in Hebrew. After the age |f 70 she lost her eyesight and learned to read the books for the blind printed In raised letters. She was a devoted member of the Methodist communion md a "class leader" till within a year sf her death. She, of course, must have had an extraordinary aptitude for anguages. Still, her example shows JOW much more than is sup|>osed the kverage mind is capable of doing, in my direction to which the taste may ML wL !>■!* of A Woman to H* a is a thing girls cannot af- IWicncjr is a thing which ean- OToe lost and found. No art can estorc to the grape its bloom. Fatnil irity without love, without confidence, ithout regard, is destructive to a!| lat makes woman ennobling. "Tae world i* wide, these thing* are small; They m be nothing, but they are all." Nothing? It is the first duty of a oman to be a lady. Good breeding is Dod morality. Awkwardness may be teradicable. Hash fulness is constitu onal. Ignorance of etiquette is the suit of circumstances. All can be tndoned, and do not banish man or Oman from the amenities of their nd. But self-possessed. unshrinking td aggressive coarseness of demeanor ay be reckoned as a state prison of- j Bee, and certainly merits that mild rm of restraint called imprisonment r life. It is a shatno for women to dftfcured on their manners. It is a ' that they need it. Women | umpires of society. It is they ■ whom all mooted points should be Berred. To lie a lady is more than ■ lie a prince. A lady is always, in B 1 rights,inalienably worthy of r spect B a lady, a prince and peasant alike Bw. The natural sentiment of man women is reverence. A man's Bal is not wounded when a woman , ■s In worldly wisdom; hut if in in tart, in sentiment, In delica ■ln should lie found Bnttng. he receives an inward hurt Hamilton. I aah Inn .I*l aa. Bluffs are very small. lace is very fashionable. back" skirts are no lunger liray in all shades grows in fashlon- Bomhinat.ion costumes remain in fashionable favor. Hkks for children have the long. cape, or the long eape, as in former season*. Hhitdren's dresses are still made very with these dresses very long j Bl lose are worn at this season. Brocades are not suitable for young ; girls. They should wear evening dresses of soft Surah, veiling, or tulle. Velveteen dresses are popular for little girls not yet in their teens, being warm, durablo, and very rich in ap pearance. There are no absolute rules in fash ion as formerly; people nowadays fol low their own individual fancy within certain limitations. Girls in their teens wear the sailor hut off telt with a broad ribbon tied around ii with a bow, and floating ends in the back. Children wear wool hose this sea son, and in shades darker than the dress, rather than the pale-colored or black silk hose of the summer. Evening gloves are of undressed kid, in soft, pale tints, and reach to the elbow or to the shoulder. With the very long glove no sleeve is worn. For very young ladies evening dresses are made of cream or white blonde, over cream satin, nnd thickly studded with pearl nnd crystal beads. The sealskin casaque, tight fitting and closed the whole length of the front, Is very handsome ami is in favor among those ladies who can afford it Sealskin jackets in the jersey style but quite short and untrimmed, are more popular with young ladies than the long sealskin sacque of former years. Hound hats with both square and conical crowns, and both rolled and straight brims, are used by young and middle-aged ladies for street and vis iting wear. The full lace waistcoats of evening basques are frequently studded with silver, pearl, gilt, or colored lieads, both large and small, and in a variety of shapes. Louis XIII. costumes are even more popular this season than last, but the surp;tHsing richness of the new material admits of more gorgeous and striking effects. Sealskin rcdingotes are double breasted, Jersey backed, and closed both bank and front. They are trimmed with IMrectoire collar of sea otter or black fox. Large vigogne cloaks of the color of the dress and lined with quilted satin of a shade of the sameculor or checked in the colors of the dress ami bonnet, are lieing worn by Parisians. When Valenciennes lace is used it is put on in full frills, pleated waistcoats, and wide jaliots. while the flounces and trimmings of Durhe*mr and point <U Venice are almost invariably quite scant. The French are trimming satin cir culars in gray with chinchilla; in gold en brown, with red fox: when blue or brown, with the light and dark shades of natural In-aver, or gray lynx of the blue-gray shades. Tunies are made of woolen broclie fabrics, while the skirt is of plain bison or paillaason, and the basque and short Jtipr, if there is one, arc made of still another broche, frequently of contrast ing color. Standard of Ed neat I on. According to ltuskin, an educated man ought to know these things: First, where he is—that is to say, what sort of a world he has got into; how large it is, what kind of creatures live in it, and how ; what it is made of, anil what may Ire made of it. Secondly, where he is going- that is lo say, what chan ces or reports there are of any other world Iteside this ; what seems to be the nature of that other world. Third ly. what be had best do under the cir eiiinstances--that is to say, what kind of faculties he possesses; are the present state and wants of mankind; what is his place in society ; and what are the readiest means in Ida power of attaining happiness ami diffusing it- The man who knows these things, and who hw his will so subdued in the learning of them that lie is ready to <lo what he knows he ought. Is an ed nested man ; and the man who knows them not is uneducated, though he could talk all the tongues of Ilabhl. Ktepplnr-Htoae* to Snores*. Learn your business thoroughly. Keep atjone thing -in nowiserhange. Observe system and order in all you do and undertake; He self-reliant; do not take too much nlvice, but rather de|>end on yourself. Never fail to keep your appoint' menu, nor to be punctual to the min ute Never t>e idle but keep your hands or mind usefully employed except when sleeping. Tse charity with all; tie ever grner ous in thought nnd deed—help others along life's thorny path. Make no haste to be rich; remember that small and steady gains give com latency and tranquility of inlnd. Never put off till to morrow what you can do to-day, and never trouble others with your coin plaints. WHAT KIBfUH COST. TH Kipanar of Maintalnlna Monarch, an Thrlr TfertßM. It is interesting lo compare the ex. pense of maintaining a monarch on a throne, and that of supporting a Pres ident in the executive chair of a Re public. For many years the salary of the President of the United .States was ♦'2.1,000 a yttnr. This sum, indeed, did not represent the entire cost to the country of the executive offlce. The White House was sup|>orted, to some extent, from tho public purse; and there were sundry other sums s|x;nton the President's olllce. The salary of tho President was raise. 1 to $.10,000 a year during Gen. Grant's term, and continues at that figure; and the whole expense to-day of the Presidential office is probably something less than ♦ I(>t),000 yearly. The cost of kingships in the various monarchies of Europe is much greater, in the smaller nations. The sovereigns, in the old days, used to spend pretty much what they pleased out of the public revenue. Tliey were mostly al>- solute, and would impose taxes at will, and so raise an indefinite income for their own display and pleasure. This is still the case with the Czar of Hus sia whose expenditures are never re ported and cannot be estimated. The .Sultan of Turkey, too, has |iower to raise all the taxes he can squeeze out of his impoverished and indolent sub jects, and cannot be called to account for his sjiendtngs. Hut in all other Eu ropean monarchies the sovereign is re stricted. Absolute despotism with them has l>een replaced by constitu tional systems. The Km]>eror or King can only s|>end what is voted to him by the Parliament or Congress. A ilex ice new to this century, called the civil list, lias been adopted by nearly every monarchial country, and also by the French Republic. The civil list is de signed to provide the sovereigns with a fixed income. It comprises a nurn ler of items, or heads of expenditure; and these are discussed and passed upon each year by the several legisla tive liodies. Of course, each sovereign lias a greater or smaller private prop erty of his own as a family inheritance; with which his subjects have nothing to da The revenues he receives from the civil list, therefore, are what might lie called his salary in his public ca pacity, ami by no means show what his entire income is. The English civ- II list, for instance, provides Queen \ ictoria with an income of about two million dollars. Germany provides the veteran Em peror William xxith a civil list of about three million dollar* ; which it must le difficult for a monarch so frugal and simple in his tastes and habits to get rid of in the course of a year. His private property moreover, adds at least a million to that vast sum. King Humliert of Italy's civil list is three million eighty thousand dollars a year, somewhat larger than that of the German Emperor; while young Alfon so of Spain has only nlmtit a million and a half, so impoverished are the people of his historic kingdom. The lesser nations are, of course, more economical. The sovereign of Denmark has a civil list allowance of two hundred and seventy-live thousand dollars a year; which, however. Is three times what our President costs. The King of Holland gets three hun dred thousand dollars, and the King of Greece two hundred and twenty thou sand dollar*. Thus it is evident that, without re gard to any other a*|<ect of the differ ence Iretween monarchies and repub lics, at least the former Is much tho more costly luxury of the two to the masses of the people who have to pay the biila Distributing the Surplus Revenue. I A corrcsjmndent of the N. Y.Trihun*. t who remembers receiving as a girl from > her father the surplus revenue of the National Treasury, desire* to know in i what way < ongresedistrihuted the sur i plus, how much there was of It, etc. In June, 180F>, a law was passed pro viding that the surplus remaining in the Treasury on January 1, 1837, above ♦7,-100 000, should l>o deposited with the States in four quarterly Instal ments In proportion to their represen tation in Congress, subject to recall un der certain conditions in case of ne cessity. Three instalments, aggrega ting $28,000,000, were thus deposi ted. hut owing to change of senti ment and a decreasing revenue, the fourth instalment was first postponed and finally withheld by Act of Con gress. "Some of the States," says Mr. Wharton Barker in a pamphlet lately published on the distribution of the National surplus, "used their shares well and wisely. In some their inter eft still continues to defray the expen ses of the public schools. New Hamp shire illustrated extreme democratic principles by distributing the money among her citizens." I IfCR.HINU THE HICK. Mom* Uoml Advlcr I* til* Alt*nUtnl or Titos* who or* lit. To minister to the sick, says All Uu Ymr Uuuml, in one of the noblest am bitions of the present age, as evinced by the number of people who volun tarily devote themselves to such duties, independently of the calls of affection or considerations of reward. To bo a good nurse requires a rare combination of excellencies in the same individual —intelligence, physical strength, a kind disposition with firmness, a light hand and foot, courage greater thau that whkh animates the soldier on the battlefield, and, above all. untiring patience. Given these, and the nurse becomes more than half the remedy, not only inspiring confidence on the part of the patient, but the surgeon or physician also, who can rely that bis instructions will In: carried out with implicit obedience to the letter. Such a paragon, however, is rarely to be met with, except as an emissary from one or another of those udmirablc institu tions where ladies are trained under skilful management for this work; and in the vast majority of cases an invalid is placed in the hands of his immediate friends or relations, who, with the Imst intentions, it must be confessed, often prejudice his comfort ami retard his recovery by the very over-anxiety which is bred of affection. The object of this paper is not to con vey the instructions necessary for the education of an accomplished nurse ~a diflicult task—but to enumerate a few small points which should lie avoided, as tending greatly to the discomfort of the patient, ami for the guidance of those who, without previous experi ence, find themselves suddenly thrust into tips most responsible |osition. Quietude in a great thing, of course, hut real quietude means the absence of all excitement, and it must l>e re membered that anything out of the common will tend to excite the inind of a sufferer. Im not, therefore walk on tiptoe, for this, in addition to its un usual eialxiration of th<* gait, invaria bly causes a certain amount of creak ing. Speak in low tones, but don't whisj>er; a whisper will often awake a sleeper who would not lie disturlied by ordinary conversation: and never say "Hush!" Let your clothes and foot covering ie of as noiseless and unob trusive a character as jmsii>le, and in stead of gliding ami tottering alxiut like a rickety ghost, do not hesitate to walk. If you have occasion to say any thing In the room, say it no that the patient ran hear it if he wishes, andd" not let hint lw* aware of your conspir ing privately with the others, especial ly at the door. That door has much to answer for. If it be visible from the last, people open it rautiounly.put their heads in and slowly withdraw- again. If, as is more frequently the case, it is screened by the bod curtains, mysteri ous opening-* and shuttings are heard, unattended with any apparent ingress or egress and aotto voce colloq'iies go on outside. When you enter do ao honestly and at once; do not spend live minutes in turning the handle, like a housebreaker, thereby producing a series of irritating little clicks, final ly terminating In a big snap, with which the door flies open. If the latch be at all rusty, a handle that is slowly wound bark in this way will often stink, and either require to lie rattled hack into position, or. if left as it is. may start bark suddenly, after a time, of its own accord, with a re [sir t like a pistol shot It always well to recol lect that it by no means follows that a sick jerson is asleep because his eyes are shut; he may lie acutely- conscious of all that is passing in the room, though unable or unwilling to make any sign; and nothing can lie more maddening under such circumstances, than to have people hush-sh-shing and whispering around and creaking about on the tljis of their toes. Never aland at the foot of the I>ed and look at the patient While talk ing to him. it iii Ix-tter to sit by the aide of the lied, and at near the pillow a possible, so that yon may converse easily, while your face and body are turned in the same direction as his. liy this means you can make all neces sary observation of hia features with out enforcing the arrest of his eyes to your own. which is so embarrassing and disagreeable to ono lying in bed, and Is almost unavoidable when facing him. Keep him in as comfortable a position as possible, by all means, but don't be too demonstrative in smooth ing the pillows and little offices of that sort Fidgety attentions will worry him, and do him more harm than downright neglect. Why Urnera! Sheridan Walks. • ien. Sheridan never wants a carriage for himself. He never uses one in Washington if he can avoid it If the day is line he walks If not, he ridea in a street car. When Ida war horse, Winchester, died, ago, says the Washington*/Pwt, Mi *ove for horseflesh went out of him, A gentleman who knew him well in boyhood says that the first time fiber!- dan ever bestrode a horse was when another boy put him on a fiery colt,urn saddled and unbridled, and told him to hold on by his knees. The animal galloped across the country for several miles and then came to a halt, and Sheridan was still holding on. Newspapers. Here, now we have it—the newspa per? Wonderful product of the brain and toil! One would think that it should lie dearly bought and highly prized, and yet it is the thing in the world. One to five cents will buy it; one to two dollars will bring it to your home every week in the year. And yet, strange to say, there are inen "too to take u newspa per. They can pay five cents for a glass of beer, or ten cents for a ltever age of unknown composition, called a "cocktail they can pay half a dollar for a circus ticket, or twenty-five cents for the theatre, but they are too poor to buy a nowspajier, which is a ticket of admission to the great Globe Theatre, whose dramas were written by God himself, "whose scene shifter is Time, and wh<se curtains are rung down by Iteath." It is not necessary to sjieak of mighty res|x>nsihilities which neo*. essarily attach to the control of such a power in the land as the newspaper is to-day, nor to say that the editor who rightly apprehends the import incc of his work must hring to it a reverent spirit and a constant care. The hum blest sheet in the land goes into some homes as the only authoritative mes senger from the great world outside; its opinions are accepted as truth, and its suggestions have the force of law. The editor stands on the widest pulpit known in modern society. "The law yer has ;Aiarrow sphere before him ; the senator and the representative— j the walls hedge in their voices ; the minister has the parish walls about his church. Hut there is a pulpit that has no limit—it is the I'reas. It is, literal ly, ttie voice of one that cries in the wilderness; for ail across the popu lous land the |aj>ers *|>eak ; and there is not in modern civili7ation a place or power that can compare with this." , Hev. IteWitl Talmage once said : "In the clanking of the printing press, as the sheets fly out, 1 hear the voice of the Lord Almighty, proclaiming to all the dead nations of the earth ; 'Laz arus. come forth !' and to the retreat ing surge* of darkness; let there be light !' '* — Tuynjrnjthic if nan wjcr. Man and the Snn- < me hundred years ago the diameter of the sun was four miles greater than it is at present, tine thousand years ago the sun was forty miles greater j than It is at present. Ten thousand years ago the diameter of the sun was | l(k mil*s greater than it is now. The a<lvent of man upon the earth took place, n J doubt, a long time ago, hut in the history of the earth the ail vent of man is a com paratively recent phenom enon. Yet it seems certain that when man first trod our planet, the diameter of the sun must have lieen many hundreds, |ierhaps many thou sands of miles greater than it is at present We must not however.over estimate the significance of this state ment The diameter of the sun is at present 860,0 tH) mile*, so that a dimin ution of 10,000 miles would be little more than the hundredth part of Its diameter. If the diameter of the sun were to shrink to-morrow to the ex tent of 10,000 miles the change would not be appreciable to common observa tion. though even a much smaller change would not elude astronomi cal measurement- The world on which the primitive man tr<id was certainly Illuminated by a larger sun than that which now shines upon ua It does not necessarily follow that the cli mate must have been much hotter then than now. The question of warmth depends upon other matters as well as sunlieams, so that we must lie cau tious in any inferencos drawn in this way. nor are any such inferencea need ed for our present purpose. One he Hadn't Met. One day a pompous little fellow at a dinner-table was tmasting of the great men with whom he was on inti mate terms. lie had been in constant corres|Mindence with Ixmgfellow. had lunched with Tennyson, waa in friend ly relations with the ITince of Wales, and in abort, knew everything and everybody. At length a quiet individ ual nt the further end of the room broke in on the conversation with the question : "My dear air, did you hap pen to know the Siamese Twins when they were in this country ?" q ur ' hero, who evidently had a talent for lylpg. hut no real genius, at once re- , plied : "The Siamese Twins, air* Yea I air. 1 became very intimate with one of them, but 1 never had the good for- ' tune to meet the other." f'EAKLM OP TKOVUHT. Failure should be the sfapping-stoM lo success. Who can answer where any road teal* to?—Lwile. Stay not until you are told of oppor tunities to do good; inquire after them. The l<est rule for good looks is to keep happy and cultivate a kind dispo sition. lie always displeased at what thou art, if ftiou desire to attain to what thou art not; for where thou hast pleased thyself, there thou abides! Of all the gifts that nature can give us, the faculty of remaining silent, or of answering apropos, is perha]M the most useful. In enterprise of every kind, it (shel ter to lose the game by a card too much than a card too little; for it sounds letter to rash and daring than tim orous and cowardly. Success is obtained by mixing two parts of common sense with three parts of will, and stirring both in the bowl of ambition, with the spoon of perse verance. Laziness grow* on people. It l*ginj in roll welts and ends in iron chains The more business a man has to do the more he is aide to accomplish, for he learns to economize his time. Oddities In Far. Some there are, with an abundanoe of wealth and a thirsting desire for novelty, who indulge their taste in oddities. A wealthy New York lady last season wore a full set of furs of leopard skin, and not to be one of her neighltors secured a similar set of tiger skins, and since then Iwth of these furs are in moderate use. The tiger skin rose in price, and one season alwut two years since the mar ket was completely exhausted. Some gentlemen wear vest* of this skin, thus following the eccentric style adopted many years ago by the far-famed (Jen eral Sam Houston, of Texas. Our common wild cat is much used, being a handsome fur at nxslcrate pri ces. As for skunk skins, in Kurope they are readily sold for trimming mufls and dresses, but here they must receive a new christening liefore being used to an\ considerable extent Some times they licar the name of the Aus tralian mink, at others, any name to suit the fashion. The fur of the house rat is much use*! Mark, white. Maltese and tor toise-shell having the preference. Last year the fur of over 1,200,000 house rata w as used by the trade. Monkey skins are by no means over looked, and 42,000 skins were used last season by furriers. The fur of the Abyssinian Diana and black monkeys are preferred, they l>eing mostly used in trimming. In the trimming o! gar ments ofttimes a most incongruous set of animals are made to harmonire. j For instance, monkey, skunk and cats are all (tide by side in a trimming known only to purchasers as Ifoang Ho seaL j The skins of rats, mice, dogs, op pos sum. kangaroo and buy lynr are sal able. the latter finding much use in muffs and boas. The coon hair finds special favor in Germany, where it is made into hats, flair of the ox and calf is used in the imitation of woolea goods. Our skunk, white backed and ■ sinped, is in Germany dyed and made up into muffs and N*s, and ao dis guised we readily buy it as Alaska sa ble. Tartar sable dyed passes off read- I ily as ltussian sable, bearded sealskin finely imitates leopard skin, while the beach marten copies the sable and fox j skins pass for lynx. Three million musk rat skins were collected last year, ( and 15,000 American bear akins and the same nutnlter of bufTalo robes were used. Every year there are used 5,000,000 rabbit skins, 6,000,000 squir rel, •1,000.000 lamb, and there is scarcely an animal that has hair but what is used in some way. The beaver sacques so largely sold in Canada are randy *en here, as they are deemed 100 heavy ! for this climate.— CiminnaU ,Ve<*. The Farm. There are 4.000.000 families In the I nited states. An exchange wants to know if anybody can conceive of the value of even a little improvement on each one of these farms In a year. It fays that on every farm there should be "mora thorough cultivation, better implements, and above all, better care taken of them ; better fences, better barns, better stock, better homes, and mora home enjoyments, mora social gatherings, more family picnics, in which the help are allowed to partic ipate ; mora products about the farm for boys and girls to have a person*! interest in ; more good books and pa )>ers ; mora smiles and fewer frowns ; forbearance; leas impatience; more pleasant words at home ; more time and sunlight In the parlor, mid no room about the bouse, nor anything about the farm too good" for father, moth*