WAS CHARLEY ROSS DROWNED I
A ._Yfckn- lilrn Ills 11 muu
llrllrvliiK Miirll IVna the C.
"Do I think Charley Hotw in alive?"
eaid Mr. Kelly in conversation with a
reporter. "No more than Ouiteau,
ami I'll tell you in a few words why I
am of this opinion. On an October
morning in 1878, the Rev. Father
McCullom, pastor of the Church of the
Sacred Heart. Brooklyn; .1. J.
McClosky, then stage manager of the
Brooklyn l'ark theatre, but now clerk
in the Marine court, New York, and
myself started in a row boat for staple
ton. U. 1., on a little excursion. We
remained there until about 1 o'clock,
when we again seated ourselves in our
boat and prepared to return to the city.
We were moving along slowly and
chatting over the pleasure we had ex
perienced during the day, when inv at
tention was attracted to a small sail
boat anchored between Robin's Reef
light and the Jersey shore.
"She was sloop-rigged and painted a
dark hue. Thinking it strange that a
vessel should be anchored just at that
point, and suspecting that it might be
a pirate craft, I suggested that we
.board her and ascertain who and what
she was. I rowed the boat, but just
before reaching it Father McCullom ad
vised that we should nut proceed fur
.ther, as we had no authority to board
<a strange vessel. Just then there ap
peared on deck a hard-looking character
about five feet ten inches in hight.
lie was bare-headed, ami wore bluo
overhauls, a red undershirt and a pair
of heavy brogans. He had red, sandy
whiskers,sprinkled with gray,and I dis
tinctly saw that the cartilage of his nose
had tieen eaten away. As w ap
proached the vessel he seemed alarmed,
but nevertheless remained on deck
anxiously watching our movements.
We finally concluded that it would be
dangerous to attempt boarding the
boat, and left the man, who stood in
the same position for as long a time as
he was visible. We then remarked
upon the suspicious ap[>carance of the
• craft and its navigator, but scarcely
anything more was said after our arri
val home concerning what we had
seen.
"About a month later Mosher and
Douglass, the Brooklyn burglars, were
shot dead by a nephew of Judge Van
Brunt, who caught them robbing the
latter's house at Bay Ridge. The
bodies were removed to the morgue
on Carlton street, Brooklyn, tin the
day of the removal, 1 believe, Mr. Mc-
Closky and myself were w-aiking
through Myrtle avenue, when it oc
curred to me that I should like to see
the bodies of the noted robliers, and we
visited the morgue for that purpose.
To our surprise on examining Mosher'*
body we lnith recogni/ed in it that of
the mysterious person of the sail boat.
The absence of the cartilage of the
nose led to his identification. Stories
were then being circulated connecting
Mosher with the abduction of Charley
Ross. It was alleged on good author
ity that he had treated with the father
under an assumed name for the restor
ation of his child. A week or so later
a body of a boy about nine years,
answering as nearly as could be to the
description of the lost Imy as he might
have grown since his disappearance in
1874, was found tossed up by the waves
on the Jersey tlats near Robin's Reef
light. The remains were so decom
posed as to be almost unreconlrable,
but the feet were clad in men's brogans
similar to those worn by Mosher the
day we discovered him in the boat.
"I believe that Charley Ross was
aboard the boat with Mosher on that
day. I believe that Mosher, having
given tip all hope of securing a reward
for the recovery of the child, threw
bitn overboard, and that it was his
body which was washed ashore on the
Jersey Flats. The brogans, I believe,
which were fhund on the lioy's feet,
were worn by Mosher when we first
| saw him. The sail boat was found
anchored ofT Bay Ridge on the morning
and Douglass were shot
This proves, to my satisfaction, and to
th* of several others to whom I have
"Htßllwi this story, that Mosher on the
sail boat, Mosher, the alsluctor, and
Mosher, the burglar, are one and the
same person. Douglass, when shot,
was not instantly killed and tried to
sneak. His wound prevented him
from doing so, and he died soon after.
Had he been able to say but four
words I think they would have been,
•Mosher drowned Charley Ross."*
The Cost of a Railroad Train.
A railroad superintendent has given
l the San Francisco Call an estimate of
Mthe cost of an average train on a first
■class railroad ; For an express train,
motive, $12,000 ; baggage car, fl
- smoking car, s.'>,ooo : dinfng-
car, $12,000 ; five first-class I'ull-
slB,ooo each ; total, $120,000
The ordinary express train represents
about $85,000. Some Pullman cars
i cost $BO,OOO each. The average value
I of a freight train Is still greater than
that of a passenger train If the rolling
stock and value of property are inclu
iV-d.
• trains aggregate in value from $2. r >o,- j
, to $BOO,OOO.
About Leeches.
' Something mysterious tied up in a
white jar attracted the attention of
■ customers at a prominent drug store,
! and the druggist goodnnturedly untied 1
■ ! the doth and took out some black, :
i wriggling worms. They were round
| or elongated at pleasure, and started
off when touched with a pencil at a |
i rapid pedestrian gait, until headed off
: and dropped back into their damp, por
| celain pit.
"They are leeches," explained the
druggist, and came all the way from
Holland. Twenty year* ago, when
blood-letting was in vogue, they were
in great demand. Now they are only
i occasionally called for."
| "In what class of diseases do they
i use them?"
1 ; Disorders of the head; if there is a
1 numbness or pressure of blood on the
brain, chronic headache, etc. They
' put them on the temples and let them
suck the blood till they are full, when
j they fall off. Salt is then throw n on
! them and they disgorge, and are ready
! for use again."
j "How often can they be used?"
"A number of times. There is one
ladv in Detroit who keeps a pet leech.
: When her head aches she applies the ,
reptile to her temple and sits down to
read. When it falls off she drops it
j into a glass of salt and water, and if
her head is not relieved applies it
again, until sometimes she lias used it
' three or four times, and lost some
ounces of blood."
A more convenient way of using the
leech is now in vogue. It is slipped
into a glass luilb with an orifice small
er than the reptile's hi sly. Through
this it projects its head and fastens
upon the human tlesh, in which its
banquet is waiting.
There are plenty of leeches in the
i neighborhood of Koorcc and other
river hamlets, and the laiys often col
lect ">0 or I'M) and try to dispose of them
to the drug stores, where tbey are re
fused as a g- neral tiling; then they of
i fer them at the Chinese laundries,
where they cook them with rice and
macaroni. There are some specialists
who use them for a valuable oil they
are said to make. In New York
there are artificial ponds wlmre the im
ported leeches are kept. The whole
sale druggists buy them in tubs of
black earth packed almost solid They
only require air and moisture to keep
them alive. When the cover is taken
off their jar they swarm out as lively
as crickets, and use their ten eyes to
good aihabtage in getting away as
rapidly as possible. Iloys call them
| blood-suckers, and have a dislike to
their acquaintance when fishing, as
they fasten on to their bare feet with
a tenacity that allows no chance of re
moving them till tliev havefilled them
selves with refreshment, fhtroit l' #l
nrvl I'rihuM.
Dining in Purls.
A Bar is letter to /.oniloii Truth says
that the number of dining-plaees in
the French metropolis is vast. The
! cheapest are the tables d'hote of the
boarding-houses. They are also the
best for the prices that are asked, cap
ital dinners are given in some of them
for 8 francs 50centimes, wine included.
The worst of these meals is the com
pany one falls in with at them. It is
fearfully dismal unless taken in a phil
osophical spirit. One often sees high
Knglish gentility, at onee pretentious
and mean; "old soldiers," retirisl
priestesses of Aphrodite, who want to
enjoy a little of the ealni of bourgeois
life, matrimonial agents, sentimental
. widows from Brighton, Bath and I'eck
ham, old Indians, Americans in crip
pled circumstances, and table d'hote
majors, lientiine respectaHlitv also i
resorts to the 8 francs Ml centimes ta
ble d'hote. I have inet at one an* Kng
lish baronet and bis blooming daugh
-1 ters, and the wife and daughter of a
knight who is. or was, a chief of the i
j Irish constabulary. What makes a
dinner so expensive in I'aris is the
wine.
Hereford faille,
Hereford cattle take their name from
I the county of Hereford in Kngland.
Their peculiarities are that they are
! massive, docile, and fatten easily at an
early age. They are hardy and pos- ,
sess all the qualities that go to make
a first rate beef animal. In color they
are brownish, yellowish, red or hrin -
died, with white along the top of the
neck, on the throat, dew lap, brisket,
fore legs, belly, feet and Hanks. It is
said the first of the breed was brought
to this country by Henry Clay of Ken -
tucky, in 181 ft or 1817. They were,
however allowed to mix, and leeame
degenerated. Since 1840 the importa
j tions have boon large, and no finer an
irnals ran lie found in Kngland now
[ than the Arrercan Herefords
LIFK ON TIIH I'LANKTS.
£JMir. *r
Prof. McFnrltiml, of the Ohio stuto
j university, in tiio HUUroul M<x.icn<j<r,
! suys: Thirty years ugo tlie question of
! the hahitahility of the planets was
j widely, and, in some instances, intern-
I perately discussed. Several volumes
| were written, pro and eon, the writers
! mostly seeming to think that they had
a direct commission from on high to
settle their opponents; which tilings
they proceeded then and there to do.
And both sides about equally forgot or
disregarded the facts, and, with great
heat, argued on generul principles.
An article in the June number of
the I'opufor Ncietirr Monthly entitled,
"The Cost of Life," and which was in
part criticised in a late number of the
Mttt&rwji-r, is a kind of renewal of the
1 useless debate, and is clothed in logic
equally conclusive as was that of the
original controversy. The points
given lately touching the weight of a
man on Jupiter and on Mars were in
tended as a part of the proof that those
planets are not habitable. To pass in
review all the {mints of error would
require an article of too great length
for the pages of this journal; sol shall
con lino myself pretty closely to a few
I of the more prominent ones.
The same author, speaking of Mer
cury, says: "With a temperature of
boiling water in the frigid /ones, and
red-hot iron at the equator," etc.—
therefore there can lie no life on the
planet, llut there is no proof of any
such temperature, ami in the nature of
the case there can be none. Where
fore the conclusions are of no force.
The error consists in virtually assum
ing that the climate of a place depends
solely on its distance from the sun
whereas this is only one of a hundred
causes.
It is well-known that even in the
torrid /one, at an elevation of almut
three and one-half miles, snow does
not melt; that century after century
"eternal" snows whiten lofty peaks in
all latitudes.
The temperature of a place on the
earth's surface depends on many Inilu
em es, any one or several of whi< h may
be greatly modified or annulled by tie
other; so that there is no general rule
for climate.
As a part of the multitude of things
to In* taken into consideration, as touch
ing the matt<T in hand, we may name
these, viz.; The latitude, the elevation
alm\e the sea-level, the o esn currents,
the direction of the prevailing winds,
the presence and trend of mountain
ranges, tlie amount of vapor usual in
the atmosphere, the degree of cloudi
ness, the quant ty of r.;n and sn iwf.Ul,
the size of the body of land, the amount
of land in close proximity and its sur
roundings. the nature of the soil, the
amount and kind of vegetati >n. the
density and bight of the atmosphere,
the length of the day. the obliquity <>(
the sun's rays, and the thousand and
one other things which go to make up
the whole temperature ;unl climate, (if
the greater part of these -indeed, of
almost every one of them as exhibited
on other planets, it is absolutely im- j
j possible to know anything at all; and
a- a matter of course, no one can s|ieak
intelligently of the climate on any
planet except our own. Hut should all j
thesJ items beknown, the further ques
tion arises whether it is not possible j
that animated beings could live in an
environment totally unlike that which
surrounds us. The conclusion of the '
whole matter, so far as astronomy and
physics can now tell, is this: That tho
four large outer planets have not suffi
ciently rnolel down to allow life on !
their surface, such as we see on the
earth; that Mars gives all telescopic
and stereoscopic probabilities of condi- |
tions compatible with life as we see it. j
that the earth certainly for millions of
years has Wen covered with multifari
ous life; that of Venus and Mercury
we have no certain knowledge; and
that the satellites are pretty certainly
not fitted for such life as is on the
earth; that, in particular, our moon
i has no water and no atmosphere, con
sequently no climate or vegetable life.
If the sun and the planets continually
lose heat, then there will come a time
In the far future when the sun itself
shall go out in everlasting night, and
i tlie "eternal snow" would lie hot com
pared with the degree of cold through
out all space where everything shall lc
dead.
Origin of Hold.
The question of the origin of native
' gold always has been and ia quite likely
to remain a disputed question among
geologists and mineralogists. I'rof. J.
8. Newberry now conb-sta the theory
that the grains and nuggets found in
placers are formed by precipitation
from chemical solution. He holds that
geology teaches. In regard to the gen
esis and distribution of this precious
metal, that it exists in the oldest known
rocks, and has been thence distributed
through all tho strata derived from
them ; that In the metamorphosis of
these derived rocks it has been concen
•tratedinto segregated quart/, veins by
some process not yet understood : that
is. it is a constituent of fissure veins of
all geological ages, where it lias been
deposited from hot chemical solutions,
which have reached deeply buried
rocks of various kinds, gathering from
them gold with other metallic miner
als, and that gold lias Ix-en accumula
ted through mechanical agents in pla
cer deposits by tho erosion of strata
containing auriferous veins. Accord- |
ing to tlie report of Hpecial Agent
< larence King, of tho census, based •
upon information directly from tho
producers of bullion, a comparison of
tlie annual output of different States
shows that the I nited States produce
33.13 per cent, of the gold yield of the
whole world, .10..VJ per cent of the
silver, and 40.111 per cent, of the total.
Of the aggregate supply of tin- pre
dons metals. North America furnishes
; .15.78 per cent.
Ilow lo Treat Hooks,
Never wet your fingers to turn over
a leaf, lie warned by the fate of the
kinginthe Arabian tale. Never turn
j down a corner <>f a page to hold your
place. Never put in a soiled card
I or a stained envelope, or a Lit of dir-
Ity stiing, or a piece of damp news
paper. Always use a regular lxjok
; mark. The simplest, and one of the
best, is a card as large as a small visit
ing card. By cutting this twice lon
gitudinally from one end almost to the
other, you will have a three-legged
bookmark which rides a straddle on
tin- page, one leg on the |>ag" lx-low
and two on ftie page you wish the
ineik to open at.
Never allow your looks to get damp,
as they may mildew. Never allow
them to get hot, as tlie boards may
warp, and tlie leather may cra'k.
Never put them nu a shelf high up
Dear the ceiling lighted with gas, as
the results of gas '•oiiibustion are high
ly injurious. Never |iut Ixoks with
metal Hasps or with decorative nads
on the shelves by the side of other
looks, for flu- delicate bindings of the
other looks will suffer. I'ut all such
hedgehogs of books in drawers and
trays by themselves.
It is best not to cover the txoks of a
library with pajx-r. As Mr. Win. F.
Hole puts it. "the covering is expen
sive, troublesome, and quite as much
an injury as • protection to a book.
A l*ok covered with paper is likely to
need refunding sooner than if it le not .
roveri i.' A pom full of looks
covered with paper is dull and monot
onous; and no one who ha- ever glanc
ed into such a room will lx inclined to
di-agree with Mr. I'oole when he says
that "books lose their individuality
by being covered." This is only an
aesthetic disal \ ant age, it also reduces
tlie usefulness of the Woks, as they
are less easily handled and kept apart
and in order. However, it may le
well to cover children's school books,
but with muslin, not |>aper.
Never attempt to classify looks on
your shelves hy the colors of the bind
ings, or hy the sizes of the twzok.s them
selves. put the works of an author
together, so far as possible, however
incongruous their sizes may l*. And
j try to keep book* on tho same and kin
dred subjects as lose together as may
bo convenient
Forty-three Year* in Ited.
An Independence, (Mo.) letter says :
1 This city, within the last five years,
: lias Iteen the scene <>f many romantic
incident*, of blood-curdling crimes, of
| acts of dare-deviltry unequalled, and
of bravery unparalleled, but now
] comes a case of endurance and suffer
j ing seldom equalled. In 1*37, Henry
i Hodawald, a young cooper, immigrat
i ed to this country from Germany.
Two years afterward he went back to
his native land and married Miss
Louisa Hummel. With his wife he
j came to this city and settled down to
, work. In I*lo Mrs. Hodawald gave
| birth to a daughter, since which time
she has Iwen unable to leave her l>ed.
The most eminent physicians have
leen consulted, but to no purpose.
For over forty years this unfortunate
creature has been in bed, during which
time two children have lieen !>orn to
her. She is able to sit up but little,
yet she Is always cheerful and In a
good humor. In appearance she is
very lean and white, though it does
not show on her rountcnanre the atif
ing she has endured. She is very well
informed, having spent much of her
time In reading instructive books and
newspapers. She superintends the ,
household, giving all orders to ser- ,
vants, does all the sewing for the fami- |
ly. even making her husband's cloth- j
Ing. During the long time that she .
has leen an invalid. Mrs. Hodawald ,
has employed but three servants, the (
first one staying with her as a domes- ,
tic twenty-live years. Mra Hodawald ,
is now 69 years old and her husband ,
71 '
CHILHKKVS COLUMN.
-Boot
TTi 1 ounninKM* tiling Unit ■ I*l >y on do
In to pUy for tho vcrjr first tlmn, I'erk-a-hoof
It will hl<) ila little pink face in im Imii'U,
Dim crow, nmi ihuw that it im-hi-LuxU
What Nurse and Mamma, nnd I 'a pa too.
Mean wlusa they hide and cry, "Peak-s-bool"
Oli, what a wonderful thing it ia.
When they find that liaby can play like this!
Ai.d they every ona listen, and think it (rue
'Dial the baby '• gurgle menus I'eck-a-bool
I wonder il any one ever knew
A baby who never played Peek-a-booT
Tl old as the world la 1 believe
Cain waa taught it hy Mother Kvo.
For Caia waa an innocent babe once, tcx>,
Aud I am cure he played Peek-a-boo.
And the whole world lull of the children ol
men
Have all of thein played that game ainoe then.
And while the aim ahiiiei and the skies are
j blue,
ftahio* wiil alwaya [day I'eek-a-hon.
Etta ll'liteltr, in Young I'ro/it*.
a I'l.a.liaa Incident.
"Sitting in ;t station the other day,
I had it little sermon preached in the
way I like; and I'll report it for your
benefit, because it taught one of the
lessons which we all should learn, and
taught it in such a natural, simple way
that no one could forget it.
"It was a bleak, snowy day; the
train was late; the ladies' room dark
and smoky, and the dozen woman, old
and young, who sat waiting impatient
ly, all looked cross, low-spirited or
stupid. I felt all three; and thought,
as 1 looked around, that my fellow
beings were a very unatniahle, uninter
esting set.
"Just then a forlorn old woman,
shaking w.th palsy, came in with a
basket of w ares and went about mute
ly offering them to the sitters. No
body i>ought anything, and the por
old soul stood blinking at the d<*>r a
minute, as if reluctant to go out into
the hitter storm again, she turned
presently, and jH.ki-d a'-out the room,
as if trying to find Something; and
then a pale lady in bla< k. who lay as
if asleepon a sofa, ojtened her eyes, and
saw tlie old woman, an<! instantly
asked, in a kind tone, 'Have you lost
anything, ma'am?"
"■No, dear, I'm looking for the heat
in' place t<> have a warm 'fore I goes
out again. My eye- i- jx>r. and I
don't seem to find tlie furnace no
where*.'
•"Here it is." aud the lady led her
to tlie steam radiator. placed a chair
and showed her how to warm her feet.
"■Well, now, ain't that nice" said
the old woman, spreading her ragged
mittens to dry. 'Thanky, dear, tins is
proper comfortable, ain't it? I'm al
most frozen to-day. being lame and
wimbly; and not selling mtirh makes
me downs hearted."
" 'The lady smiled, went to tho
counter, l>ught a cup of tea and some
sort of food, carried it herself to the
old woman, ami said, as respectfully
and kindly as if the poor woman had
been dressed in silk and fur: "Won't
! you have a cup of tea? It's very
comforting a day like this.'
" "Sakes alive! do they give tea at
this depot?* cried the old lady, in a
tone of innocent surprise that made a ,
smile go round the room, touching
ttie glummest face like a streak of
sunshine. 'Well, now, this is jest
lovely,' added the old lady, sipping
awav with a relish. 'This does warm
tlie cockles of my heart!'
"While she refreshed herself, telling
her story meanwhile, tlie lady looked
over the poor little wares in the baa- !
ket, bought soap and pins, shoe strings
and tape, and cheered tlie old soul by
paying well for them.
"As I watched her doing this, I
thought what a sweet face she had,
though I had considered her rather
plain liefore. I felt dreadfully ashamed |
of myself that 1 had grimly shaken |
my head when tlie basket was offered j
to me, and as I aAw the look of inter
est, sympathy ami kindness come into
the dismal faces all around me, 1 did
wish that I was the magician to rail it
out. It was only a kind word and a
friendly act, but somehow it bright
ened that dingy room wonderfully. It
changed the faces of a dozen women,
anil I think it touched a dozen
hearts, for I saw many eyes follow the
plain, pale lady, with sudden respect;
ami when the old woman got up to go,
several persons berkoncd to her and
bought something, as if they wanted
to rejuiir their first negligence.—Loutna
M. AI rot r
W. W. Wilioiighby, of Allen County,
Go., cut a Ixiard tree which gave six
teen three-foot cuts and made 3409
boards, leaving considerable rail-tim
ber to the trees. In the tree was a
wood-worm that entered at the bottom,
making its way on up. In each cut
they found where the worm had win
tered, and In the sixteenth cut they
found the worm still alive, with sixteen
wrinkles on him, showing that he waa
aixtean years old.
"*-
Untold.
A f*e tnuy bn W"f<'l while
Yofima heart tbat'a aching]
And a •< <■ may lie fall of light
1 , Or HI ■ heart lh*t'* breaking.
Tl uot llie hrarhurt grief
Kor which we wear the willow;
The learn bring alow relief
Which only wet the pillow.
Hani may be burden* born.
'IW frierxln would lain unbmd tkaai
Harder are cruei* worn
Where none aave God can find there.
For the loved who leave our aide
Our aouU are well nigh riven;
But ah ! for the graven we find,
Have pity, tender heaven'
bolt he the word* are] nweet
.'l.at aootbe tlie npoken aoiTOw;
A Gal for the weary feet
That may not rent to -morrow.
HIMOKOI'H.
Advice to nn egotistical blower: Shut
down your wind, oh!
Many a woman who does not know
even the multiplication table ran
"figure" in society.
, Many a young man who works bard
during the day allows bis hands to go
, to waist during the evening.
1 "I 1)11 the Hill," said Willie, w hen he
got into bis mother's preserve closet*
"And I foot the llill." remarked papa,
i overhearing the soliloquy.
Yhe tramp who acour* the country
In aearr-li of *ome toad rtr pelf,
Would hardly a'er go hungry,
If he'd only nrour himself.
"1 wouldn't mind it s > much," said
the gilded youth, "if he'd bring a dif
ferent bill occasionally. Hut I'm
bored to death with seeing the same old
hill!"
: Anthony Trol!oj>e said that an ill
fltting shirt-collar would keep him
from thinking. This shows Mr. Trol
lope's eccentricity. An ill-fitting
shirt-collar will make the average man
think with great rapidity.
Nothing disgusts a young lover in
lavender j.arils so much as to find that
the piano stoul he lias been occupying
for the last hour has l>een used as a
"twister" at the children's candy
pulling party the night liefore.
"I)o birds think?" asks a writer to
ojroning a current article, If they do,
we would like ti know what a canary
bird thinks of the fat woman who
stands up in a chair and "talka baby"
through the brass wirea of ita
cag<.
While the arrangements were Icing
made for a party a few evenings ago>
a young lady present innocently in
quirer): "Is the invitation to embrace
the young Indies?" "Oh, no!" replied
a young man. "the gentlemen will
attend In that." And now the young
lady wonders what the young man
meant.
She was in the dimly-lighted recep.
tlon room of a city dry goods store;
and, walking up to a tall mirr< r placed
against the wall, remarked: "Why,
how came you here ?" Then, olswrving
some surj'r.se. n.'t t<• say amusement,
on the fa"-- ■*f the other oconjianta of
the room, she saw her mistake and
exclaimed in great confusion; "I
thought it was my sister; we're
twins."
Origin of Papa and Mamma.
An early instance which occurs to
me is in the "Jleggar'a Opera," (1727.)
where I'olly Peachutn, I think it is,
ajM-aks of "papa." The modern change
from "papa" and "mamma" to "father"
and "mother" among the upper classes,
| which legan a!<out thirty years ago,
seems to have l-en a reaction against
a custom which had gradually crept
In among jiersons of a lower grade.
As soon as common people's children
l>egan to say "papa" and "mamma."
those of higher grade were taught to
say"fsther"and"niother." It was among
my High church friends that I first
noticed this adoption of "father" and
"mother." < >ne does not see the con
i neotion, but truly such is the feet.
When I w as young, "papa" and "mam
ma" was universal among what may
he called the middle and upppr classes
of society, and to this day, "ladies of
a certain age" still use these words.
King (Jeorge 111, al*>ut the year 17G2,
addressed his mother as "piaroma;"
so I find It stated in "Oreville Me
moirs." But I do not think that
Charles 11, unless he was speaking in
French, ever addressed Henrietta Ma
ria by that endearing term, and I felt
tolerably sure that Laity /fTizabeth
never called Henry VIII "papa" On
the other hand. I would observe that
"papa" and "mamma" are faat being
supplanted by the old original -father"
and "mother." For ten or perhaps
twenty years past children in the up*
per and middle classes have, so far aa
my observation go**, been taught to
say "father" and "mother";" and
"papa" and "mamma," which are
words of extreme tenderness to thoee
of my generation, seem now to have
sunk into contempt aa a "note" of eo>,
del superiority.