LADIES' DEPARTMENT. LADLR. lIIIIIIIK Sltlrir*)*. The Introduction of this stylo of riding on horseback is attributed to Anna of Bohemia, consort of Kiohard 11. She it was, according to Stowe, that originally showed the women of England how gracefully and conveni ently they might ride on horseback sideways. Another historian, enumer ating the new fashions of llichard ll's reign, observes: "Likewise noble ladies then used high heads, and cor sets, and robes with long trains, and scats on side-saddles on their horses, by the example of tho rospectablo Queen Anna, daughter of the king of Bohemia, who first introduced tho custom into the kingdom; for beforo women of every class rode as men." Stothard in his beautiful illustrative picture of Chaucer's "Canterbury Pilgrims," appears, according to the above-quoted authorities, to have com* mitted an anachronism in placing tho most conspicuous female character of his fino composition sideways on her steed. That the lady ought to have been depicted riding the nude fashion might have been inferred, without any historical research on the subject from the poet's describing her as hav ing on her feet "a pair of spurrcs sharpe."— Youwj Ladies' Journal. How Ihe A • > ■alitlnita Woo In Abyssinia the young people begin to think of marriage at a very early age. When a lad wishes to marry, he only inquires for a girl who possesses or can muster twice his own number of oxen, or their value. His proposals are made to thegirl's father, and unless there is some strong motive for reject ing him, he is accepted, and everything arranged without consulting the lady's taste or asking her consent. They un usually betrothed three or four months before marriage, during which time the bridegroom frequently visits his father-in-law elect, and occasionally propitiates him with gifts of honey, butter, a sheep or goat; but he is never allowed to see his intended wife even for a moment, unless by urgent en treaty, or a handsome bribe, he induces some female friend of her to arrange the matter by procuring him a glance at his cruel fair one. For this purjose he conceals him self behind a door or other convenient hiding-place, while the lady, on some pretext or other, is led past it Should she, however, susjiect a trick and dis cover him, she would make a great uproar, cover her face, and screaming, run away and hide herself, as though her sense of propriety were greatly offended by the intrusion; although previously to his making the offer, she would have thought it no harm to romp with him or any other male acquaintance in the most free and easy manner. For after she has l>een betrothed, she is at home to every one except to him who most sighs for the light of her countenance. In Tigre, especially in flhirie, a superstitious belief is entertained that if a girl leaves her father's house during the Interval between her Ijetrothal and marriage, she will be bitten by a snake. t'fiftlilon Aofrt Silver is the fashionable metal at present. All the fashionable jerseys are now braided. The "Langtry" is the name of th*. newest shoe. A new handle for a parasol shows a dude's head. I'ocket handkerchiefs are things of art now adays. Turtle-dove color is one of the new jhades of gray. The newest lace-pin represents a bull-dog with eyes of diamonds. Bison hair cloth is the fabric destined to supersede camelVhair. • Plaited camel's hair Iwinnets will be worn with cloth and cheviot costumes. Large balls and sjsits are the newest designs for (iriental and Spanish laces. Felt corduroy lion nets are a pretty novelty for morning and for travelling wear. Velvet spots arc introduced Into Spanish laces intended for dresses and bonnets. White silk gauze with large velvet figures is the newest fabric for brides' dresses. Hound hats of felt have largo, high square crowns and stiff brims faced with velvet. Long redlngotcs and cloaks of Mus covite velvet are trimmed with dark gray and black furs. Plain pleated and gathered skirts Will be more worn by fashionable women than any other. Dark blue wool dresses will be ela borately trimmed with red braid, or combined with red wool. The new felt hats for fall wea are to bo worn over the forehoad, and have rolled brims on either side. Tho Marie-Louise blue will ho one of tho fashionable colors this fall. It is a triile darker than sapphire blue. Brides' dresses are trimmed with silver cords, silver galloon, and an embroidery of silver threads and beads. Gray cloth bonnets, trimmed witli silver braid, gray velvet, and gray sea swallows accompany dressy suits of gray cloth. Narrow ribbons are tied around tho throat. Yellow should ho tho color, and on each end and there should ho many—must hang six tiny silver bells. American Indians as Cannibals. Mr. Charles Thwing, in the Aineri* can Magazine of History, calls atten* i tion to tho fact often alluded to by ; I'arkman, .Shea and Bancroft, its well by Charlevoix and the older chroni clers, that the American Indians were frequently guilty of cannibalism. lie says: Little attention has been given, either by scientists or historians, to j the evidence for the existence of canni balism among tho native tribes of North America. Vet the fact, not only of its existence, hut of its recent existence, rests up-m abundant histor ic and arch;e'9'> an account of the fate of certain pris oners taken by the llurons. After dc_ scribing the torture be goes on to say that "if the victim had shown courage the heart was first ma-ted, cut into small pieces, and given to the young men and boys to increase their courage. The Isxly was then divided, thrown into kettles and eaten by the assembly the head Wing the portion of the chief.. Many of the Hurons joim-d in the feast with reluctance and horror while others took pleasure in it." : Father Hennepin, writing forty years later, also speaks of the Hurons as practicing cannibalism. The most powerful and cruel of the northern trilim was the Iroquois; and all testimony sectns to prove that it was most addicted t>> the habit of • ating human llesh. The Jesuit missionaries were in many cases eye-witnesses of the orgies of this people. One of their j feasts, celebrating a victory over the Algonquin-, is thus describi-d by Vi mont: "Some bring wood, others go in search of water, and one puts tho great kettles on tho fire. The butch ery is near. They dismeinl-er those they are going to kill, tearing them ift pieces, throwing feet and legs, arms and hands in the same j-ot, which they boil with as much joy as the |>or cap. tives have heart-ache in seeing their companions served as a meal to those wolves. In a word, they eat tho men with as great an appetite and more joy than hunters eat a l-oar or a deer.' J From the evidence we possess, it ap pears that no trilie delighted morn in human fle*h as a staple article of food than the Carits, inhabitants of one of the West Indian islands. Peter Mar. tyr, who visited the new world a few years after its discovery by Columbus, gives a full account of their practice. Farms of Southern California. The orange groves, orchards and vineyards of southern California are only made to yield bountifully by irri gation. Although living streams are few, the whole country seems to lie well supplied with reservoirs of wa ter a few feet below the surface of the ground. The farms are to lie found on tho lowlands, embracing from two to ten acres each. Wells are dug, windmills erected, and reservoirs for retaining water are liuilt on the ele i vated lands adjoining. Iron pipes are laid from the reservoirs through the orchards or gardens. The wind fur nishes the motive |wiwer. and each day some portion of the farm is Hooded with water. If a tree, an embank ment six or eigtit inches is thrown up around it twenty feet in diameter, and in this incionnre the water is turned. Trees do not need, as a rule, but two applications of water during the year. Potatoes and garden vegetables are watered by trenches or with tho hose. Thus every farmer Is his own thunder shower. Tho fruit is rich and juicy, the grapes the finest in the world, while the vegetables are as tender and crisp as those grown In the best gar. dens in the eastern states. The treatment of leprosy is becoming a hard problem in India In the Bom bay Presidency 9,483 cases are under treatment. THE FAMILY DOCTOR, Hot Milk n Stimulant. Of hot milk as a stimulant the Medi* oal Record Hays: ".Milk heated too much above 100 degrees Fahrenheit loses for a time a degree of its sweet ness and density. No one who, fa tigued by over-exertion of body and mind, has ever experienced the reviv ing influence of a tumbler of this bev erage, heated as hot as it can be Hip ped, will willingly forego a resort to It because of its being rendered some what le.sH acceptable to the palate The promptness with which its cordial influence is felt is indeed surprising, some portion of it Bceins to be digested and appropriated almost immediately, nnd many who now fancy that they need alcoholic stimulants when ex hausted by fatigue, will find in this ample draught an equivalent that will lie abundantly satisfying and far more enduring in its effects." C'olil F§( What a common complaint tills Is says tlie Family l'hysician, and yet no one seems to know anything about it. You suffer from it for years, and you don't go to a doctor, or if you do, yon derive very little benefit from his ad vice. Some people suffer from it at night only, while others arc troubled with it in the daytime as well. It oc curs most frequently in women, but still you often bear men complain of it. Web( lti vc that the best remedy is hyphosphite of lime in one or two grain doses t wire a day. This is soluble in water, and should be taken in tho form of a mixture, nothing else being put with it, witii the exception, if you like, of a La-spoonful of syrup, to make it more palatable, although it is l-y no no means disagreeable by itself. Another good remedy Is nux vomica— five drops of the tincture in a little water three or four times day. It is highly recommended, and you may hope for great tilings from It. Then your general health. It is probable that you are below par somehow or other, although wo must admit that it does not follow of necessity. If you feel generally out of sorts, anil your appetite is jioor, quinine w ill do you good. If you are pale and amende, I you must put your faith in Iron. Cod-liver oil is an excellent remedy for improving the general nutrition; many people feci quite In a glow after eacii i dose. PEARLS OP THOUGHT. Tlie right of commanding is the fruit of lalxirs, tho price of courage. Man cannot drcarn himself Into a nol'l> character; he must achieve it by diligent effort. If wo find no fault ourselves, we should not take pleasure in observing th -so of others. Those w ho have no patience of their own forg't what demand they tuake on that of others. There is no evil we cannot eithei face or fly from, but the consciousness of duty disregarded. More helpful than all wisdom is <>no draught of simple human pity that will not forsake us. Let friendship crisp gently to a bight; if it rush to it. it may uxm run itself out of breath. A firm faith is the l est divinity; a g'xsl life the best philosophy; a clear conscience the best law; honesty the host policy, and temperance the lost physic. The law of the harvest is to read more than you sow. Sow an act and you reap a habit: sow a habit and you reap a character; sow a character and you reap a destiny. The brave of Mary Washington. A Fredericksburg, Va, letter to the Richmond Itispatch says: Just alove the plain in the suhurt>s of Fredericks burg, is the grave of Mary Washington, marked now by an unfinished marble monument It is strange that the tomb of the mother of the Father of His Country should be allowed to stand a monument to the lack of patriotism of his countrymen. Worse still, it has been shamefully defaced by the hands of the vandal. Its aides have l*een marred by bullets, and tlie pretty smooth faceof the monument peppered by the shot of thoughtless s|tortsmon. No railing or enclosure of any sort protects the last resting place of this great and gmsl woman, and yesterday the unthinking excursionist hid hinr self under the shadow of the monu. ment, ate his snack and desecrated the sacml place hy leaving the rinds of watermelons and the refuse of the re past lying loosely around the tomh. The monument was undertaken in 1830 by a patriotic gentleman of Fred ericksburg, who had completed It with the exception of the large pyramidal shaft, which to-day lies half imbedded in the ground a few yards from ths grave NOT A PLEASANT PICTURE. How (lir liilim !|fMnf■ 0 f /irkAiiana H'ooili Mti. It in the natives themselves that more especially attract tho stranger's attention. There's the hc;el of the family, prodigiously tall ami ungainly —quite Interesting object# they are, too, with their thousund-and-one men tal and physical peculiarities. The children also, always a dozen or fifteen of them, ragged, sorrowful-looking ur chins, of all sizes and shapes. And the dogs bless me, I came near for getting to mention the dogs great they are in numbers, and so thin and bony that it Is little wonder the great er portion of their existence is spent In lying before the old fireplace, never changing their position save when compelled to do so. A striking sense of willingness seems to overshadow the whole group, as they squat about the dingy room in all imaginable atti tudes, each wrapped up in the narrow confines of his own little sell and the quiil of dog-leaf tobacco. Tobacco is their only solace a homo-made article it is, too, meanest and vilest to be found anywhere in the land. Men chew it. the women chew it, the chil dren chew it, and even the dogs chew it. Its chew, chew, chew, spit, spit spit, squirt, squirt, from morning till night arid from night till morning, and if you are not cautious enough to get off at a safe distance you will be com pelled to dodge innumerable missiles of amber colored juice that are shot about in every conceivable direction irroipeet- Ive of js-rsons or things. Simetimes their jaws become weary after a long term of service in tin- art of mastica tion: chew ing requires too much exer cise for their indolent natures to with stand. Something must )• done to ro licve these overworked members of the human organism, and the characteris tic pipe is at once brought forth from it* hiding place in the chimney. And such pi|x-s great, black, filthy thing i strong enough to wreck the constitu tion of a i Ward politician. A man who can stand 1-efore one of those pijve.s when it is in full blast can stand anything. He would need no life insurance. The diet of these people is a remark able thing in its way, not only In qual. itjr, hut also in quantity. (rn bread and bacon con-titute the bill of fare, and in the meagre compass of its life sustaining qualities it combines all— and the only delicacies of the season, never out of season. It's corn bread and bacon for breakfast, corn bread and bacon for dinner, corn bread and bacon for supper; that is all the year round. To moralize upon the Ingredi ents of that corn bread would Isj as hazardous as to attempt to solve tho mysteries that duster around that world-famous dish. l*>arding-h'iuse hash. 1 know it is a horrible mixture of corn tne.d and water, but 1 ain ut terly innocent of anything else it may contain utterly devoid of -alt, salera tus or soda. This is poured into a small, rusty, Ir n j•-t. half buried in the ashes, where it bakes and dries until it be omen hard enough to knock a hole thr- ugh a brick wall, provided the aforisanl wall isn't in re than ten feet thick. When the baking process is going on the family squat alout the fireplace in languid listb ssness anil fire random shot# of tobacco juice at tho fire. The bacon. t<>. is an article worthy of comment, Inasmuch as it imparts a sort of flavor to the corn bread, and thereby renders it the more palatable. You first discover it in huge slal>s of fat, with little or no lean in its comjo sition, almost encrnsted in the acrutn uluted filth of weeks and months, one glam e at it would make a health offi cer sb k; hut to eat it! oh, horrors! The corn bread. Wing baked to the proper extent, is placed on a stump outside the door to eOol, while the dogs form a circle almut it, lick their chops in silent hunger, and bestow wistful glances upon tlie, to them, delirious morsel. Slices of bacon arc then plac ed in the great iron jot. where they sizzle and sputter until finally resolved into a number of little dried-tip chips floating al>out ujxin a miniature sea of slimy grease. This horrible mass grease and all—in conjunction with the corn bread, la eagerly devoured by these rapacious natives, and on this meagre diet, strange to say, but never theless true, they manage somehow to keep the sands of life in motion. Truly, one half the world knows not how the other half lives. A Non-t'ondnetor. The craze on electrical study is lay ginning to lear fruit: "Are you the conductor?" asked a lad on an excursion train. "I am," replied the courteous official, "and my naine is Wood," "Oh, that can't lie," said tho boy, "for wood is a non-conductor." Customs Concerning Bells. The ceremony of baptizing and christening bells was a natural result of attributing to tliern consciousness like that of a living being. Among the first instance* of this ceremony oc curred in %8, when i'ojie John XIIL christened a new bell in the Later an by the name of John. Other bells were named Tom, and Harry, and Bt, Michael, St John, or the like. At the hallowing of a lx:ll persons stood as sponsors, just as at the christening of a child, and they were expected to bear all the expense of tlie service. The custom of blessing bells, somewhat ehanged from the ancient ceremony and without the ancient meaning at tached to it in tiie minds of the people, is still retained. Instruments having some of the characteristics o| small hells were maxi in the services >TT other religions besides Christianity. The Jewish high priest w-ire them on the bottom of his robe. The .-istrum of Isis wan rattled ami rang like a bell. The Indi an iiraliniins use bells, and a tinkling instrument was in use with the priests of IToserpina at Athens. If any one thinks that door-bells, at least, are a modern invention, be la mistaken. The contrivance which the street gamin makes use of to coll whole families needlessly to the front door may be new. It is noisy enough to speak in its own defense, but tlie idea of having an attachment to the door, win li rang when any person entered, was common with the (tomans, who had what they called a "little ting a-ling" (tintinriabulum j. They attached it to doors in tho fashion use i now bv small store-koej>- ers. so that when the door opened the instrument was sure to bo rung. Tlie same kind of an instrument was used to indicate the hours for busi nesjf arid for the bath. Hut instead of always saying "ring tlie Isdl," they often used a phrase which might l>e freely translated into "jingle the brass." The common slang of late to de scribe a person that surpasses others Is to say that "he takes the cake," or "gets away with the bakery." Hut the phrase usel to lie "he bears away the bell," alluding either to the fact that there is usually a 1 -ell-wether in a flock of sheep; or to the other fart that little bells of pre cious metal were used as prizes at horse races. The custom of putting up tx-llx in this way led a satirist to remark that it did not matter who carried off the ls-lls. the women would always carry the dapper. Dew of Hermon. I'alestine is a land of mountains Eminently conspicuous among those rise tho three peaks of Hermon on the north-iast border, their snowy crowns glittering in the sun. leing visible from almost any point in the promised land, the trusted land-mark of travellers in all the region ls-two-n the Jordan and the sea These arc the Hi rmons (not "Heniionites.") of which David, in tlie sweet forty-second l'saltn, sings; "O my (tod, my soul is • ;ist down within me! Therefore will 1 remember thee from the land of Jordan and of the Hermons." I'alestine is also a land of dews. It is very dependent on them. Destitute of rains for many months at a time, it relies for securing crops on the heavy fall of dew which is nightly secured by its multitude of mountains. Hermon is no more conspicuous in the sight than in the peculiar abundance of its dews. They become rain for the thirsty land. "The dew on this moun tain Is proverbially excellent and abun dant" "More copious dews," says Tristram, "we never experienced than on Hermon. Everything was drenched with it, and tlie tents were small pro. tection. The under sides of our mack intosh sheets w ere drenched in water our guns were rusted, dew-drops were hanging everywhere." Mr. Porter states: "< >ne of its hills is appropriate ly called 'Father of the l>ew,' for the clouds seem to cling with peculiar fond ness round Its wooded top." nothing Made of Glass. At Gaudenfrel, Germany, the artist and glass-spinner, A. ITcngal, of Vien na, has established his glass business offering carpets cuffs, collars, veils, etc., made of glass He not only spins but also weaves glass lxfore the eyes of the people. The otherwise brittle glass he changes into pliable threads, and usee them for making good, warm clothing, by introducing certain ingre dients. which are his secrets, and there by changing the entire nature of the glass. He makes white, curly, glass muffs; also, ladies' hats of glass, with glass feathers, which are lighter than real feathers. Wool made of glass, it is said, cannot be distinguished from the genuine article. Glass is a non-con ductor, and the time may not be dis tant when It will cause a revolution in dress materials. SCIENTIFIC HCRAPH. Mosquitoes are iwuiwl by Professor A. F. A. King of originating and dhl scrninating malarial disease. Jly a comparison of analyses of bc4li from different vineyards, the last re port of the Scottish Horticultural aaso elation shows that the soils on which the grape-crops fail are deficient Is lime and potash. Professor Delgado of Lisbon has eoine to the conclusion that the tors of the modern Portuguese were canibaJs. He has found the remains of 140 perrons whose bones were blackened by fire split lengthwise to secure the marrow and hearing othesr indubitable marks of having served as food for man. The deepest sounding ever rnadewafi in the Pacific ocean in 1471, near the entrance to llehring's s<*a The depth was 4055 fatiiorns, and the cast was made from the United .States ship T use aro r a The shallowest water in the middle of the Atlantic, 731 fath oms, shower] the existence of subma rine mountains 10,550 feet high Herr Wider, experimenting at Tub ingen, has discovered that the grow th of plants is more rapid under dimin ished atmospheric pressure—all other external conditions being the same— than at normal pressure. On the other hand, increasing the pressure lessens the rate of growth, the mini, mum being reached at two or two and one-half atmospheres. Deaf-mutes have l>een taught to speak and to understand speech by noticing the movements of the lips. It is stated that M. Wanerke has pro duced photographs shew ing the form assumed by the lips for each sound, and tliat th<-s<* pictures have enabled Inexperienced persons to recognize the different articulations. Such photo graphs ought to l* of great value in giving instruction to deaf-mutes. Dr. Bremer In a German journal advocates exercise in the Ligh, fine air of the mountains as the best protection against the di.s. ases oontract'sl in city life. The characteristics of the moun tain climate are the low temperature an i air pressure, the low relative hu midity, the high i-er cent, of ozone, the strong light and isolation, the freedom from dust and bacteria. .VII these act well on the bodily health. The lungs work with greater strength, the heart leda of streams and rivers. Periodical freshets will result which will eventually carry away the l>est soil from even the val leys. One authority declares that if the destruction of the hill forests be continued in Ohio, half the area of that state will be sterile in Ims than fifty yearn Connecticut devotes 90,000 acres tq the cultivation of the oyster.