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1 • 1
IiELLEFONTE, PA
BLACK ON DAVIS
The Great Juiiit 011 the Ex-President.
I' t lJ 7\crnty Yean Silence — litael.'s Opin
till vf the friion it'lil <)/" iV'kiii/ —r/n
Proclamation hi 4 Pesirt L
In (lie i'liilndclphiu Pre** of Mon
day, F. A. 15urr gives si loug and in
teres ting account of his last interview
with Judge lJlaok, in which the latter
referred at length to Jell' 1 )avi*' attack
upon him. From Mr. Burr's account
of what Judge Black said we make
the following extracts:
"It has taken Mr. Davis more than
20 years to bring me to the block. His
effort is as amusing a- were the antics
and sayings of Ilip \ an \\ inkle to
the plain country people among wh an
he awoke after his 20 year- slumber.
He brings news to the American p<o
pie in the charge upon which he ar
raigns me. It, as he says, | violated
inv oath of otliee because I denied the
right of secession, urged the pr> -blent
to protect government property in the
south and put i.-h all "H'emler.- against
the laws of the land, I am glad of it.
I should do the same thing again, if
called upon to net in a like emergency.
But what does Mr. Davis say of his
acts? If they can now meet the ap
proval of his consider cc he niu-t have
an elastic one. He was a senator of
the United States while he was ia the
conspiracy to destroy the government.
He was pleading tor peace while he
was planning war. It is too late now
for hini to exhibit his ingenious argu
ments in the senate for a peaceful solu
tion of the difficulties while he was
playing the president withpernici us
advice and endeavoring to influence
hiai to disregard the constitutional
obligations. His judgment must have
entirely let go its hold on his pa—i >n
wdien he penned that charge, or he
may have been trying to he funny. 11
it was a violation of my oath, or • von
a straining of the proprieties <>! my
position, that I fought by night and
try day the schemes of the Sei i --ionists,
Mr. Davis has done me a great -> rviee
by proclaiming it. I wi-h I c ail 1
bring some charge against him, touch
ing his conduct in that ori-i-, that
would be as much to his credit. It his
conclusions in this his last paper were
a- sound his attack upou me i*
vicious, 1 might say he i- a great and
g iod man. lie has struck so wildly,
however, that
•|li i -* i i
mix I In •" wlll
That l> *bol" lustll it .jjit* ilUfuurwl In Mm.
THF.IR HUI'RKMK IMVl'l'f NCL
"If there was anything at that time
that illustrated the supreme impudence
of the Secessionists, it was their de
mand that Major Anderson should
not lie permitted to lerve Fort Moul
trie. He acquits the president of the
responsibility of granting permi--ion
to Major Anderson to occupy Sumter
in c.-se his judgment so dictated, and
lays the charge at my door. I father
the responsibility, if responsibility i
ncceasary, as cheerfully now as I did
in the heat of that controversy. It it
was an insult to the people >d" South
Carolina for the executive to strength
en the hands of that little hand of
federal soldiers in Charleston barb r,
I cannot see it so. Whether the presi
dent intended that the orders to Major
Anderson should lie so framed as t i
give him the right to move into Sum
ter, I cannot say. But when I wrote
the order, such was my intention, and
I have no excuse to offer for that a< t.
If it provoked war, as Mr. Davis de
clares it did, it was because those who
were then wilfully menacing the Feder
al government made it a pretext for
the crime of revolt. In the mighty
events then chasing each other in rapid
succession, I played no part which lias
the more cordial approval of my con
science to-day than in framing that
order that carried Major Anderson
from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter.
What Mr. Davis says about the com
missioners from South Carolina pro
ceeding upon some sort of assurances
from the executive, is ridiculous. The
president had no right to treat with
these people as the commissioners of u
state and he declined to do so. They
were simplv three respectable gentle
men whom the president treated civil
ly, and they assumed an importance
never justified by the facts.
"It will not do at this day for Mr.
Davis to write about the '[teaceful in
tentions' of himself and his fellow
Secessionists. Their assault upon the
government was deliberate and prede
termined, and their cries of pace,
while they were for war unless they
could have their own way, were only
the vapor with which they hoped to
envelop their real purposes. Mr. Davis
began earlv after Mr. Lincoln's elec
tion to urge his views upon the presi
dent and he was recognized among the
Secessionists as their most important
agent. Cobb was one of the worst
Secessionists I ever knew and one of
the ablest men. Thompson, a south
erner, a man of integrity and superior
powers. Floyd had little influence.
Mr. Davis was called to Washington
from Mississippi by his southern friend*
in the cabinet, that they might have
their most potent advocate near the
executive while the message was being
prepared. He did the work of his
elan most faithfully, and because he
did not succeed he assailed the presi-
dent after the message was read, and
never until now, that I huvo heard of,
appeared as his defender. That Mr.
Buchanan wus strong enough to resist
the appeals of Davis and his fellows,
bravo enough to defy their arrogance,
and clear headed enough to escape the
traps with which they surrounded him
is to his lasting credit. Tliev did him
1 great injustice then, and they have
I never repented that I know of. They
j enveloped him in an atmosphere and
j gave a coloring to some of his acts
that the facts did not justify. They
furnished the 'ammunition by which
ihe has been successfully slandered
from that da}* to this. Mr. Davis
calls him.-clf the old friend of Mr.
Buchanan. This, indeed, is the acme
of sarcasm.
Mil. 11l cIIANAN'h I I lIS I" AI. A It.M.
"Just after the election of J8il(t —
, even before any southern statu had
taken it decided -top toward -eceision,
one of the senators frun. South ('aro
linn left the capitol in a hull", dt dar
ing the election of Mr. Lincoln meant
civil war,and that be would no longer
serve in the senate. This was the first
significant act pointing to .-ec< .-ion,
and it made an impression upon Mr.
Buchanan's mind. Very soon alter it
occurred he took occasion to say to
me :
"'Judge, have tin-e people any
right to secede '.' I>o you find any
warrant in the constitution for a state'.-
withdrawing from the Federal I tiioli
"'None on earth,' I replied. 'This
1 nion can never lie destroyed, except
. by lire ami -word.'
"'I tim glad that your opinion i- in
i xaet accord with mine upon that sub
ject,'-aid lie. 'I have been giving
this matter a great deal of thought,
and n iw that you ngr< ■ with nu I am
convinced that my conclusions are
sound. The 1 niou i- indi.---bible."
"' 1 hi- union,' -aid 1, 'is perpetual.
<)f course it may be broken up by
revolution, but not lv |ieacci'ul un-th
i ds. It there i-anything -etthd by
argument it i- that the compact be
tween the state- is in no sense 1 ik-- a
. business partner-hip, that may h- dis
dved hv th>- ac ti i of ither party,
or by appeal to a court of equity.'
"We disctl—ed the Huh'ict in this
vein tbr a few minutes, and Mr. Bu
chanan expn--- I himself with great
fraiikiic-s, all the time a—uining that
the peaceable -• <• --i >u of a -late was
not possible, finally he turned to me
and -aid :
"'Ought not iho executive to state
hi- conclusions upon this subject, -o
that the |eople limy know the exact
attitude of my ndmini.-trnti n?'
"'M'.-t n-suredly,' 1 replied, '\ u
: -hould do - i clearly and I >n ibly, Tie
country should understand that \ u
( occupy no equivocal p*itinn, hut ar-'
severely oppo-td to -eeo—ion.'
"MY MIsTAK I ."
"'How .-hall it bo done —by prm !a
mation or in the m> --age- t m ngr- -•
asked the president.
"'ln the mes-agc' was my respitise.
I pik- p perhaps, without prop r re
flection : but eongre-s wa- - .on to con
vene and the ine--ugc was h< ing pr< •
j pared. A grave question was to
| dealt with and a grave eri-i- to be
I met. Therefore my first impression
wa- that it would he more, dignified t<>
deal with it in the im --ii and -• I
answer I. It I had -aid 'By proda
. mation' he would have undoubl* llv
(-aid.'Write it:'or, it'll" had written
it himself the result would have been
the -nine. A ringing document from
the tir-t line to the last would hav
been preparer!, ns was done in the
Flab case. It nc< I not have ! • n half
a column long. Such a paper < old
and would have stated conclusion- so
powerfully as po--ib!e to have stayed
the madm-- ot -ece—ion, then in its
infancy. I d > not say that it w.uld
have altered tli* cour-c of the leaden,
but it might have had a -triking i tb-et
upon their constituency. The people
then would not have puhed nor veti
followed them. I did not discover the
breadth of my nii-take until it was
too lnte. When I aid 'ln the mes
sage' I had not weighed the powerful
influence that was to surround Mr.
I Buchanan for the balance of his term. J
i I do not mean to say that the influence
I was strong enough to alter his views
upon sect—ion f>r temper hi- fidelity
to the t nion, for he was as honest a
patriot ns ever lived. But the Sere---
ionists were ever able and alert. They
lost no opportunity to ply the presi
dent with their sedition* art*, and
when he cntne to write that feature of
the message which dealt with the
southern question they had possessed
him with the idea that he should argue
questions that had been settled since
the foundation of the government, in
stead of stating conclusions that the
humblest might have read ami under
stood. Sound though his arguments
were, they were liable to misconstrue
i lion, and the force of hi* views was
i lost, as finally presented in the message.
" They became a two edged sword,
• that cut deepest in the wrong direc
' }' on - H was a serious misplay of
judgment, both on hi* part and mine.
I was not respmsihle for his final action
r for I did my licst to induce him to
pronounce judgment upon the heresy
• of secession rather than fill his state
pa|icr with,profound arguments which
i the pcoole would not read nor appro
i ciate. 1 was at fault, however, for not
! taking the hull by the horns by advis*
• ing a proclamation. Huch a document
; would have reached the people, who
i nowhere at that time favored secession.
I The message reached only an unwilling
congress and those who had already
determined upon rebellion. It wo* an
error of judgment rather than of
I heart; hot 1 do not phnd that in *tny
jof execution. The administration
should have rendu d the American
! people through a (<ingle blunt on the
| throb hold of danger, that would have
! awakened them to the peril* of the
hour and Ktrcngthened the arm of the
government in it* pending druggie
with both the Aholitionid* and the
Secosdonid*. liul then,
'I lt m al< h ;iri-rnt< !v ndjtial* I
Wltr-liM-lf til fttttt liliJi I'ltl tiM I *>h:ilt'-
"Perhaps mod mm would have
done just what wa* done in thi* in
htanee, fir the Kocc-sionißt* had not
then hhown their hand*, and began
hedging the pre.-ident about with their
in-idiou* plotting*. When they be
gan, what they could not do by direc
tion they were willing to do by indi
rection, and Mr. I)avi*wa.*a leading
actor in thi* game. lb- i ven uH-iimcd
to .-peak for South Carolina in her
attempt to negotiate with the pre-ident
about the fort* in Charleston harbor.
l!y hi* own admi-sion* he tried to in
duee the pre-ident to hand over the
government prop rty in the .-outlt to ,
the men who had then stolen the hi-t
part ot it, and when conspiring to
de-troy the government, and even tie u
were openly and shameh -ly defying
it- authority. This patriot pledged
hi- life a* a ran- >m 1 >r the care and
pre.-1 rvation of the portable property
in the torts of Charleston harbor pro
vided the president would yield to the
demand ol the S ee.--ioni*t* and turn
thi* property over to them. It wa*
the m<ist impudent prop-.-ition r
made by mortal man, to a-k tin . xt-cu
live of a nation to yield up u p'-t
capable of del. nee to tin- eitemii - of
the gov rnnient he repre-i nte i. < inc.
in cabinet no . ting I said that there
had never been a p< riod in the history
•>f the Kngli-h nation win any miii
i-ter could prop..- to give up to an
enemy f hi- government a military
po-t which was c apalih • f In ing de
fend'd with-tit being hr eight t - the
block. Thi* wa i xac.ly what Mr.
I )|ivi • - lieiti d tli pr lent to d •
while he wa* a senator ■ f the I nited
States. Y> t lie now, a- then, plead
his cunning w rd- in stay of judgment
and to prove hi- 'p iici-tnl int- nti >n-.'
i hev will not -land to In* i r lit wlien
contrasted with his act .
"After I foitii'l that the pre-ident i
was c mvitienl that it wa- hi- duty to
argue tin >• <]ue*ti m- in the mrs-nge I
trie Ito remv r I ' gr und S , when
he called upon me t-r mv legal opin
ion up .ii tlii- -uhii-ct, I tried to pre
pare -ueli pn|H-r a- ii aid have bo II
i-.-ued a- the proclamation. When
the | re-ident -aw i: he found that it*
term w. re entirely t > strong ft rhi in.
lie did not di--nl fr itu my < utclu
-ions, but he -aid if h< followed them
be would increase the bitterness he
' tween the farti n. I recall an <\
j pre—ion lie made while discussing it.
and it iilutrat • his p -itioii . xa:iv.
"I de-ire' -ail h" '( • stand !>• twi*-n
the tac: uis )ik■ a day-man, with my
, hand on the h< ad of . a< •, , iun-elling
I peace.' We hal our first r n 1 differ- •
erne oy r tin- paper, lie t • kit ni. I
iti-isted upon at >rmal legal opinion
tipen the right of <' .-.ion. Thus I
tnihd t impr< -up u hi- -tat paj>< r
•ot that year the strong view- I knew
lie entertain, d on the subject of h • < ••
i-i.>n, but ln -itatic-d toexpr. s- for fear
ol further arou-ing tin t> m|* r > t l> th
factions, who -at grow ling and ready
to spring at cneh other * throat.'*
\i.\tv-r -i.ax i t:v.
'A ou speak of thi 1 Al> .lib .m-t- ami
Sec -sionist* in one bn atlt."
"V. they were both alike. N. ith< r
hail any r<-j*<t for the eonstituti u
when it stood in the way i I thi ir
seheiin.s. Dm pr claimed it a league
with death and a covenant with hell,
and tin other a- gr.--!v insulted th.
fundamental law ot the land by a-'c.-t
-ing the right <d serf-don. I reserve
the constitution, and a profound re
s|* ct for the law j*- -d mv whole
licing. I have no patience with any
man, north or south, who proclaim*
his disregard of the law. I alwsiy
abhorred slave iy hut the law sanction
ed it, and it wo* my duty to sustain
the legal right
I * n\<\ r \ 1 i •!** t , t- * 1 mi ft •)? !
T ' arty n' . t . fan * h *l*- l< rf
A ! tt*m\ \ I wakr. f r all th. wealth
That •in-v lonthl •!•! *oH +* t si M . i.
N •. <bwr i. n<l In mt bnrt #
Jti*f ewttrriatc jru'd ilsns nil prcn,
I l'l m-i'h r*th*r I• tin tf th® •U*c."
"These line* ever represented mv i
feelings upon that institution. The
constitution recognized it and I recog
nized it* legal right. None of my
family or relatives had any interest in
slaves, except McDonald, of New Or-'
leans, and he owned them only to
preach to them."
"You surprise nie, because I had al
ways understood that you were pro
slavery."
"Never. I only tolerated the idea
because the law recognized it. It
should have been gotten rid of with
out violence and bloodshed, as was
done in Pennsylvania and other north
ern states. I wa* always in favor of
if* abolition, hut couhl never bring
myself to look upon the Abolitionists
in any other light than the enemica of
the government, been use I knew and
saw in their act* and utterance* pend
ing revolution. Time and the mad
occurrence* of the past twenty year*
have confirmed my judgment."
IT i* not an unusual thing for a col
lege graduate to believo ho know*
more in a minute than the old folk* at
home do all day. A dozen or twenty
Jeurs hence he will awake to bis da
usion.
ADVICK TO MOTIIEHH.
Am you dUturM ut night an I broken of your r
by a fth k rlilbl mi Iff ting mil rrying with jialii of col
tillg (Will f If *l, ••■till Ml Ull< V tttl'l get m l-ottlf ol
Mkh, WisnLou'g h-'/TH!!iu f fitll roll t nLi*nrft
TiktIIII'I. Ilaviilii' |a ln< uh tihthh*. 11 will rdh t
ttic* |oi little itflT-r |ititnM)Ul*|y. o|n>u It.
nio|lor, IliM" In no iiii*tnkv ilnhil It. It Cfltwi !)•"
•oit' iy aii'l •linrthiMn, reguUloo (be •lonrnch ind how
.la, tines mlihl rulif, loflfua th< glim*, rwllicn In
llottittiolh'f), Ati<l gl< ton*-utul energy to thw wholi
*_>at'-rii. Mud. Wiwm//w' Footinjio Hrtf I* ro* Cuti v
-.** Tr.Etlimo la ple.ii mt to th'- Uste, ttiol la the pr
•m tf|ill 'll of olic of the o|ile§t ulitl heat f lutiU f it)*!- '
• Inti* Mti-I iiurw-a In tho I'iillcmJ Fl it' #, an.l ia for Mln ;
.y nil tlrugglaU IhrotighvMl the worhJ. I*rh 'iA tenia
Iwtlln. M-Iy. !
Swayiie'H I'illh Comforting to tho
Sick.
TlnniHin.l" die from n.-t'l.-. t t>. properly
tr.-sl In.) urn iiloo.l, ('un-tipnliun, I>\- - -
pep-in, Mnlnriii, A|.plwiy, i/.vi-r, Ki.fney,
Heart Dlwie*, Dropty, and lUiMniatiini.
Kill t< • til.' debiliuteii, burdened will. .Ui'b j
..-rious ci.-k(.<• , we < "i.-< i. ritioiily re.
commend 1 '-WAI NK S i'il.l.S, ' wiii.lj
eontnin no-di.-null proper ii,-, po- e„iif |,\
no other remedy, ts.-nl by mnil for
. .•nt . I * ol :d pit!- . • boxer, $l, in
• lump- Addr>- -, I'll SWAYNK V
I'bilndelj.biH, l'. Hold by Drut;-
gistf. b- h -ly.
Home Items,
All o.irn.n fa.ill
. .
t I i- I'ftl f* that lit o r tui
The weakest woman, mudlest child,
and sickest invalid can un hop tdtlers
with safety and preiit good.
old men tottering around and from
Uheuinatitin, kidney troulde or any
weakness will he almost new l.y usit.p
hop hitters.
My wile nnd daughter wer made
healthy hy the U*e ol hop hitter* *nd I
recommend to them un people. M.-th
..• li-t Clergyman.
Ask sto , i -1, ~f 1,. j.
o,i . irtl.
M ilsrial tev.-r, Ague and l'illioui
lie , will leave every neighborhood a*
so 01 ii- hop hitter arrive
My mother drove the par.il v is *nd
neuralgia all out ol tier - \ -t.-m w it n hop |
t iller —/I. <) ,S j.
I. •ep tlie kidne> - heatlbv with bop
totter- arid you need not fear ckn. s
'
lot •>. I rilnii *ilh t* , i||tr* !•••. .In..r>'
i • , > . , .mi, t ,n.. ,i, ui.iini, ,i, i. •
1..10 ft.
.'if f t
Itching Pilcfl Symptona nndOuro
The symptom* are moisture, like p. r
■ piration, intense Il liing. increased l.y
-. rat. lung, v.-ry <iistre--mg, particular
ly at night, s. ems a- if pin worms were
• riwling in and *1 .lit tin- rectum : the
private parts are sometimes affected.
If nllowe I to c ntinue very serious r>-.
suits follow. ",-\V A Y N l.'S< il N I'M TN I '
- a pie, -ant, sure cure. Also for Tetter,
Itch, --alt Kb'-tim, "-raid Head, Erysipe
las, Barbers Itch, I'dotlicb. all scaly,
rrtistv v kin Ibsea-es. -snt I v mail tor
VI rents; . tmxes fl 'J"i, :n stamp
Address. Ir. SWAYNE A Phil*
delphta, I'a. Sold I v I'ruggisls. .'> • Iy
At if .tili t rtim iiuntM.
Jf '
It ever red
Kou
| SPANCLER & Co.,
DI.AI I R.* IV Fl ltMTt liK.
1v 4 1
i
i
1
I
DKALKKS IN PURK f>nUGBONLV I
5 | ZRLLGE k RON, . 1
r 'ls pneuoist*.
He. *. Rrorksrhe# Row. i.
J All |hs llssdsrt Vsts.it Mntlrlnss Pro- 5
• srstptiens sad fsullr It- tp.s s. . nrsb Ii
H grird. T russet, WeusUrr Brsrss.Oc ,Ar 3
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New Atlvertinanrntn.
ho.iii \ im;m i\i;,
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' ff! • In Itiiah Att Md, 'inl fh/or.
I lie following fcomoaiiic* represented :
—o—
I'VIOK I'hUsdelpbis,
i Amkiu. AN
.tiiia am A a ; Jll( ,; n .
•'"•W do.
Wksikhn ..., Toronto.
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and oilier*.
—0
LIFE.
THAI cm a- I.ikk .V Ami.. Ilrtf r |
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The r< inn.i-'i n branrli >,! mv 1 . m
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li" ! -r. no-ing of hoi.-**, land-, el ~ •
i "leal I.oil' e Kiel f ivorab'a I "r,-
i 1-bm lit IN I \ A I. EN TIN K
J >1: NNSYL V" A NIA
STATE COLLEGE.
I All term Deoint Sfp'trrbtr 17 Ifel!3.
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for the Price of One.
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