EARTHQUAKES AM) SEAQUAKES.
IxprrtiMirnl b* OH.- h MHIIFII ilirOi-cnii
lllur...||< Tell* ||' ||| r Hhorkii llr Itr
rlvr! in \nirrlmti Wutrr*.
Mr. Martin, chief clerk of the
auditor's office, was found hard at
work at the pay-rolls, preparatory to
paying off the city employes, and aftir
u few moments' conversation the re
porter asked if he felt the earthquake
en the morning of the 27th.
"Quite distinctly," replied Mr. Mar
tin ; "it woke me up out of a sound
deep, and for a moment I fancied my
self hack on the west coast of South
America, where they are exceedingly
common. The first one I ever remem
ber to have experienced was out in
Valparaiso, the principal seaport of
I hili. There were three vessels of our
employ lying in the harbor at the time,
and as some of us had served together
on different ships in the Hast India
trade, we agreed to have a jolly supper
ashore for old time's sake. Ido not
know of a merrier crowd that could be
got together than a party of young
sailors who had been shipmates to
gether for years in many different seas
and parts of the world, taking
life in a sort of happy-go
lucky style, as we 'apprentices' used
to do, and then to meet after a few
years' separation as officers of differ
ent ships in a foreign port, thousands
of miles from home, with all our ad
ventures that had taken place during
our separation, and ail our recollec
tions of happy hours passed with each
other to go over again—all our dangers
by sea and our freaks ashore to recount
and the news of absent friends to tell.
So it was a jolly party that landed that
night at the wharf, and long did the
dinner last : when the cloth was re
moved, and the cigars and wine made
their appearance the yarns that were
spun would have done credit to an
old forecastle hand. Our room faced
the street, and from the windows was
a balcony, which took in a view from
the bay right up the mountain side.
It must have been about midnight
when, as we were all deeply interested
in a story being told by one of the
party, we felt a slight trembling be
neath the floor, and then the bottles
and glasses began to fall and break.
Hardly knowing what it was, we
rushed to the windows and out on the
porch, and then for the first time
alized what it really was—a regular
bona fide ( hilian earthquake.
"The glasses jingled, the houses
rocked at each other across the street,
the mountain seemed bowing to the
sea and the very hay seemed to !■
shivering in the moonlight, wniie up
and down the street, as far as one
could see, were men, women and
children clustered together, as far
from the houses on either side as
they could get, ki--ing eruciflxes held
in their hands, and praying long, loud
and most fervently. After two or
three good shakes nature finally sub
sided without doing any great damage;
the people once more returned from
anticipations of another world, anil
realizing in many instances that their
scarcity of clothing was hardly con
sistent with thi ir prop* r appearance
in this one, rapidly disappeared, and
soon the street was as diverted and
quiet as it was Ik-fore Dame Nature
deigned to draw our attention to a
new phase of her life. Why, there is
hardly a town up and down the const,
from the Straits of Magellan to th<-
Isthmus of Panama but what has
some story of earthquake or its nat
ural following, 'the tidal wave." to tell
of. At Iriea, for instance,
during an earthquake, a ti
dal wave swept an American
and a French man-of-war far inland,
and when it subsided left them high
and dry a mile from the sea and atone
place along tlie coast, 1 forget the name
just now, a veael was lifted up on to
the cliffs which fared the sea, and when
the wave receded turned a somersault
back into the bay from which she waft
lifted. Then there is ('alia i, in Peru,
one night dropped out of sight in the
hay, and the only person who saw the
performance was an old fisherman
named Lorenzo. He was in a little boat
out in Ihe bay (whether bobbing for
eels or trolling for mackerel dep inent
saith not), when lie was very much
surprised to find himself rising out of
the water on the back of the hill, and
a very ugly hill it is, too. However,
when daylight, or reason or whatever
it was. caine to him, there was lie in
his !x>at high and dry on the top of the
island, seventy-live or a hundred feet
alxive the sea while tiie whole lower
F town of Caliao, with thousands of peo
ple, was seventy-five or a hundred feet
beneath its surface.
Speaking of earthquakes, it is not
generally known that they are felt at
sea, but it is nevertheless true. I was
once in a bark one hundred miles from
the main land, and probably as far
south of Juan Fernandez, (sometimes
called Robinson Crusoe's Island, it
lieingthe island on which Alexander
Selkirk was wrecked;, wheu I expe
,,V
rlcnccd a shock as though the shij
had struck a reef. I sprung to tin
rail, but slio appeared to lie goiii)
through the water the same as ever
1 felt the jar again, and the captain';
head was thrust through the compan
ionway to know what was the matter
I looked at the compass and found he;
on her course, and the main at tin
wheel said she had not varied a quarto
of a point in an hour, hut admitted In
had felt the shock, ily this time al
bands were on deck, and it was ununi
moiisly agreed by all t hat it was a reg
ular earthquake, or, more properly, i
seaquake.— cinrlntutti Rti'iuirer.
PEARLS OF THOUGHT.
Publish your joys, hut conceal you
sorrows.
Much learning shows how little mor
tal knows.
Experience and wisdom are the bes
fortune-tellers.
Vain glory is a flower which novel
comes to fruit.
The seed of our punishment is sown
at tho same time we commit sin.
Faith steps in to our aid when ou
boasted reason and knowledge fail.
While you look too much on others'
gardens, you will neglect your own.
Crimes sometimes shock us to<
much ; vices almost always too little
Character is higher than intellect
A great soul will he strong to live a
well as strong to think.
Perfect ignorance is quiet, perfec
knowledge is quiet ; not so the trarisi
tion from the former to the latter.
From the manner in which praisi
and blame are dealt out in this worh
an h 'nc.-t man ought to covet defama
tion.
If we practice goodness not forth"
sake of its own intrinsic excellence, bu
for the sake of gaining somcadvantagi
by it, we may be running, but we ar
not g"xxl.
Nothing so increases reverence fo
others as a great sorrow to one's self
It teaches 'ne the depths of liutnai
nature. In happim-ss we are shallov
and deem others so.
He who betrays another's secret
because he has quarreled with him
was never worthy of the name o
friend ; a brca- h of kindm-ss will no
justify a breach of trust.
SoimiatnhtilUiit in Dogs.
There is something peculiar alou'
somnambulism when considered froini
scientific and philosophical *tand|>oint
The sleep-walker, it will be found
still r.-tains a dim id "a, even while hi
is asleep, of t!i- c m lition of affair
when lie went to sh- -p. For instance
if ho leaves his clothe* in a eertair
part of Jli r- >m on r tiring, he know
when h>- rises just ,i re t • find them
even in the dark. T.ii-s is a qnestfor
which opens up aw >:i lerful li- id foi
physiological an ! re ntal p -ear h.
When young and giddy we bcrami
as imnamliuli-'. iid excited a grc.ii
deal of curiosity hv our strange freak;
during sh- -p. and this one quo
tion of the slum - ring tube
and its memory of fa ts ex
isting prior to sleep was tie
most remarkable thing about if all t<
us. We puz/h-d over that a goo I deal.
At night we would retire to rest, am
the next tiling we would know w<
would wake up in the mid lb* of j
contiguous melon pa' h, and then
would be two or Hire • oth- r somnam
bulists there in the sim - patch and a
much surprised as we were. Still
there is tic same truth staring us ir
the face. Every somnambulist then
had through his sleep retained in hi
semi-conscious st it •• a perfect recollee
tion of where every article of hi
clothing was and how to get out of tlx
upstairs window without waking the
old people.
Bv-and-hye the owner of the melon
' patch procured, at a great expense,
large, humorous bulldog, who wasal.se
a somnambulist. He walked in his
sleep a good deal. This is why wr
quit. We didn't propose to descend
to too level of the hrute creation. We
just said, if a bulldog wants to somnam,
he can do so and we will leave the
field to him.
We made this resolution one night
just after we had plugged a water
melon. While stooping over in tlir
art, we felt a pang of conscience and
heard our suspenders break.
Perhaps the casual reader jias never
sat down on a buzz, saw and felt him
self gradually fading away. If so hr
does not know what It is to form the
acquaintance of a somnambulicA bull
dog in the prime of life.
After that somnambulism didn't
have such a run in dur family for n
while. We never slept so sound that
we didn't remember places and objects
that had male an impression on us
prior to slumber, and that Ls why we
ay that there Is something In this
mutter that scientists would do well
to lock iuto.— J!iH Nye.
i | Fish that Cry.
J As Parly as Aristotle's time the vofeo
; of the fish has heen recorded as an ex
isting fact, and the choiros, common in
i the river Clitor. was famous for its
I vocal sounds, .sir Emerson Tennent
. , was so fortunate as to hear the sounds
■ made by fish directly from the water.
• It was during a visit to llattaraola, on
• the northern coast of Ceylon. Drifting
• upon the lake one calm evening he
I heard curious musical trills and notes.
- varying in tones and intensity, coming
• up from the bottom. Some appeared
i like the sounds obtained by rubbing
the rim of a wine glass, while others
were distinct and sharp, coming in
, quick succession and ending in a pro
. longed note. The noise made by the
great reddish hogtlsh of the gulf has
often been heard by the writer. They
make a curious roaring or grunting
sound. According to some who claim
' J to have heard it, the eel produces the
most musical sound of all fishes, It
' makes a single intonation, often riv
pealed, which has a decided metallic
resonance. The Emperor Augustus
llrmly believed that eels or murravs
■ could talk, and pretended to under
stand their language. I'robably tho
1 loudest sounds are made by the drum
or pig lisli of the Jersey coast. When
being hauled in they make such a noise
that it can be heard quite a distance,
and easily contorted into appeals and
• lamentations by an excited imagina
• tion. The matter lias been invrstiga
ted by l'rofessor llaird, of the Smithso
t nian institute, and 10-is of thcopinion
. that the sounds come from the Is-lly of
the fish. The maigrc a European
. tish--makes a remarkable --sung noise.
I accompanied by . croak or groan. The
. most active noise-maker was a tish
(Ilaemulon) found in southern waters.
It was a yellow and mottled fellow,
with mild, intelligent eyes and large
mouth, and on one <* ■ a-i-m win n one
was haul-xl up it immediately began
such a series of groans and grunt.s
ending finally in shrieks, that the syrn
pathetic captor tossisl it ba. k into tin
water.
i
A variety of the maigre in South
America makes a noise resembling a
bell. Sir John Hirhard.son, while off
' the coast of South Carolina, was one
night prevented from sleeping by the
noise made by drumti-di. Lieutenant
John White also states that on bis
voyage to China, when his ship was
anchored off the Camlsiya river, th<-
sailors were much astonished by the
curious sounds that issued Ir an the
water, resembling the bass of an
organ. mingh-d with the tones of a
bell, the croaking of in enormous frog
and the twang oi immense harp -t rings.
These sounds swelled into a gent If
chorus on I>th i-b < of the ship, and
were attnhut- I ti a - hool of llsh.
A similar -► ■ urr--nrc in the South
• a was ibs rilxsl by ltaron Ifuin
"tM'ldt. The sailors were greatly ter
rilhsl early one evening bv an -xtra
onlinarv n->ise in the air like tin
le.i?ing of tarn) .urines, followed )>v
sounds wliieli seemed to conic fr >ui the
ship, and resemlding the i~wnj>e of ail
i from Imiling liq lid. Later these
strange sounds, whi< h was judged pro
. eisnbsl from a !c> >! of " sejoenaifles,"
ceased.
Over fifty varieties offish are known
I to produce sounds, ea h mure or less
different. Many fishermen are faiuil
, iar with the curious note of the gizzard
shad, known to science as the " Loro
soma," the sound being vibratory and
agreeable. The mull t. so common in
.Southern Florida, and which often at
tains a large size, makes a strange
sound, quite prolonged, and during
its utterance bubbles of water are
seen arising from the water above
it. The cattish makes a hum
ming sound, and tho sea-horse
utters, not a whining or neigh, but a
series of single sharp notes. In many
cases the sound is produced by the
pneumatic duct and swimming blad
der; while other fishes make an invol
untary noise by the lips or the pharyn
geal or intermaxillary bones. In the
fishes trigla and zußs there is a dia
phragm with muscles for opening and
• losing the swimming bladder, aifd by
its action the sounds are graded and
qualified. The voice of the catfish and
eel is produced evidently |y forcing
air from the swimming bladder into
the oesophagus, and the sea horse
makes its noise hv the use of rgfain
vibratory voluntary muscles, and to all
intents and purposes the sounds are
comparable with those made by other
animals expressing, perhaps, the
emotions felt. Their air bladders are
homologous to lungs, and the pneu
matic duct is analogous'to the trachea
of the higher vertebrates.
The four largest European cities
have together 9,283,000 inhabitants—
London having 8,882,440, I'arts 2,225,-
000, lierlin 1.222.000 and Vienna
1,109,000. laaudnu has more In
habitants than nil Hwitxcrlandor the
kingdom of Saxony.
THE HALMON WHEEL.
* flool \Vr of I'atnblns i'lah <>u llir ml inn
bin IClvrr, brfgun.
The following we dip from a Co
lumbia itiver (Oregon) letter to the
New York Eornin;/ /'out:
" How arc no many fish caught? 1
haven't noticed any nets."
"Nets are of no account now. Co
| and see the snail," said the captain, as
he bent over and rang the slowing bell
for the Dalles.
Some time after I saw the "snail,"
and a most Ingenious, successful, de
testable engine of destruction it was.
The owner hud admirably planted it
just above the ITpper Cascades, on the
north bank of the river, the south
bank being at that point almost impass
able to the lixh. it was placed just
where the swift edge of the current
makes a most inviting eddv, through
which the salmon must naturally "run"
on their way up str- am. Here thceiir
rent was about eight feet deep. The
salmon never swim lower than four
feet below the surface. Erected over
what would be the entire width of the
"run" was a huge frame. Suspended
within this an immense wheel re
volved, so adjust**! on pulleys as to rise
and fall with the changing depth of
water. I'pon the spokes or arms of this
wheel, eight in number, were fastened
as many wire nets, each thirty f—t in
diameter, loose and baggy and movable,
resembling in appearance the pouch <>(
a pelican. The current itself is the
force that turns the wheel like an un
dershot. Very slowly it goes around.
The great scoop nets spread lazily
through the water, one after another,
at Just the depth when- they are most
fatal. Their arms almost pause and
float motionless through the stream.
But, though slowly, the great wheel
ealbsl from this motion the " snail,"
does tnovc, and with just the right
tardiness, for as the n--ts emerge fr-un
the water they are so filled with the
struggling prey that Mr. Williams,
owner of one of the wheels, pr<>nottric<*l
800 an average catch. At the proper
angle above the net is turned upside
down. Its contents are duinjH-d along
the arm of the wheel to what might
be termed its hub, striking wlm-li
they rebound along a trough t > the
bank. It is a stirring but cruel
sight, for there are many small
and unmarketable fish in every
"haul." The theory is that these ar
returned to the water and live, but it
U like the "returns of the killed and
wounded" after a battle—so Mlintl" '
and inaitn-sl are they that few sur
vive, The win-el presents a busy
scene, anil the profits must In- enor
mous; for the tempi*- contrivance costs
but aliout fl'ft, and r- pores but half
a dozen attendants. Tlmre are four of
these wheels on the river, and a gentle
man en gag-si in the fishing business in
furmed methat thecal- ulation vi a- they
■ aught aleuit half tin- salmon that g >
up. Tln-re is a win—l on
island, uliovc Bonneville, the work of
which has become so notorious (not
mcr-dy killing merchantable fish, but
in so doing destroying a d-i/--n times
as many of a -;/.<• as \• t too small f• >r
commerce} that the public pr- -s has
dcmand-sl its suppr- --i-:. But all
those wheels, as lias b <n said, arc "the
production of a brain which aims to
live without work." I'r ibably
fr-un 2,6<>0 to S.tkk) salmon
(for proprietors <>f tin- wheels ar-- very
chary about giving actual figures),
large and small, are caught ev--ry hour,
night and day, of the week, save fr-un
Saturday to Sunday night. Compute
tho amount. I know of one actual
catch of ti.4'X> salmon in a day—large
tish, suitable for tlm canneries. An
experienced fishermen stated it as the
remit of his oliservation that atsuit
one in ten of those caught were used. -
Even of the number used, packed and
sent down in barrels, one wheel kept
the large cannery at Warrondale busy
all through the season, and then the
cannery couldn't take rare of all!
Looking at tie-descending stream of
half-dead fish literally " broken on the ,
wheel," I could not but regard the
qmwtion for a moment in the light
of an angler and an economist.
Meanwhile, day and night, tho "bar
barous and murderous" (I am using an
intelligent fisherman's phrase) "snail"
wheel Is kept going, and the salmon
are literally corraled by millions in
the very haunts where they go to bring
forth their kind. Mean while, too, all
along the Sound to Alaska, the larger
part of the fish so plentifully caught
are Waste* 1. just as the bufTalo were in
Montana, and the tendency Is to the
same result—extinetion. What will
become of an industry which supports
10,000 *men when the price of its
product has fallen three-fourth* during
the past few years?
Chicago people brag that they pay
thrw per rent, more for fruit than any
other people. But wg don't believe
they get any more stomach-ache out of
it than tho rest of us.
*t - '
Living Curiosities.
Seven hundred and twenty pounds
is the show weight of Hannah Battera
by, the biggest woman in the business.
. On the scales she would probably go
a little above 600. it is an easy thing
to make fat women look 2'XJ or 900
pounds heavier than they are. Mrs.
t IJattersbv, it will be remembered, car
. ricil Imr husband, the living skeleton,
I k out of the old I'roadwuy mu.'i'Uiii at
the time of the lire and saved Ins life.
■ She has a beautiful daughter, who is
living with her father in Penn
sylvania. The next largest woman
is Jessie Waldron, a sixteen-year-old
mountain of flesh, who was born and
reared in Green point, Long Island.
She is six feet six inches high, and
weighs about 460 pounds. On the
bills she is put down as weighing 000
pound i. Eniilie JI ill is the lightest <•(
. the fat women, weighing only about
250 pounds. She is only four feet
. high, and it is her immense circum
ference that makes her a great curi
. osity. l'at women are easy to pick
up. Showmen find women all over
I the country that will do, and by add
ing 200 or 300 pounds t>i tlu-ir weight
on the gorgeous canvas they awe the
. public with their immensity.
Living skeletons are the result of
I disease, and cannot be manufactured.
While, doubtless, consumption and
dyspepsia have made a few respectable
skeletons, the cause of their thinness
, is, f.>r the most part, inexplicable. No
skeleton of consequence is shown who
has not been examined by more doctors
than all the other curiosities put to
gether. Calvin Edson, who died t-n
years ago, and who, singularly enough,
was a violinist, eamu into prominence
twenty years ago, and was the first
I living skeleton of account to be <x
• hibited. Isaac W.Sprague is still alive
and enjoying the comforts of home
life in Mas-aehusettss. He married
. and 1" tiii** too stout for business. He
has three big, strapping sons. Colonel
i Martin I'. Avery, who died last win
. ter, in this - jtv. was the adjutant of
• x-i'resiibnt Hayes' regiment. He
, was afterward made colonel, and was
brevctted brigadier-general for 1 rav
< rv. At th<- last charge at Petersburg
a shell killed his horse under him and
I tore his thigh. The wound never
I healed and was what reduced him to a
living skeleton. .Skeletons are gener
ally ravenous eaters, but Colonel A v ery
lived on ice cream and milk. A skele
ton is made to bs>k thinner by dress
ing him in black, the same as a fat
woman is made to look fatter by
ci.v ring her frame with light or 1-r --lit
material. The trunk is kept well
covered, hut the arms and legs, vvhi-h
are the tliinm-st parts, are freely
exposed. Another trick is topla- <• the
skeleton alongside the fat woman, in
whii h ]i-itii>n he look* much more at
t-nuat-xl than he really is.
DM irfs are limply natural curiosi
ties which must be put in contrast
with larger people, but six in lies or
more can be added to giants without
difficulty. High boots with high heels
high hats, and long coats really eon- i
tribute three inches or so to the a- tual
beigiit and a foot in looks. Giants
nearly always wear uniforms to make
them npp ar imposing, and they raise
their arms slowly to give them a mas- ]
sive air. < q tain Bates, however, al
ways insisted on appearing in a dress ,
suit. Chines*- giants show to the l>est
advantage. The long gowns give 1
them the appearance of being taller |
and heavier than they really are. The
contrast presented by a woman in
male and female attire will serve as j
an illustration of this principle. In ,
dresses she looks much larger j
than she does in trousers. It is amaz
ing to note how giants increase in
weight after licing placed on exhibi
bitiou. Their life of comparative ease
and the freedom from care has the ,
effect of adding twenty-five pounds a j
year to their weight. A giant, to so- I
cure an engagement, must be at least
seven feet in height. There are too
many inen over six feet six inches who '
come to the show to contrast them
with. There are seven giants, in- i
eluding a pair of twins, in a family in
Texas, three of whom are on exhibi
tion. Bunnell lias engaged Marina,
the beautiful giantess, who is leading
the ballet in the Amazon's march in
London, and she will come over next
year. Her height is over eight feet,
and she is young as well as handsome.
Mrs. Bates is the only woman who is.;
taller.— Hew York Time*.
Hindoo llshits.
A Hindoo writing to the Herald qf
Health about the hygienic habits of
his people, tells of their personal \
habits of cleanliness and the import
ance they place upon the purification |
of the lxidy. This is all very well, but i
he says nothing of their careless way <
of cleaning house; for we iiave been I
informed by a physician who resided I
among thcin that their houses and I
everything alxiut them are slovenly |
kept and even positively filthy.— Dr. t
j Fwte's Health Monthly. i |
MORA I. AND KKLIGJOIti.
aiM.
The man who gives, in order that h*
! may be considered liberal, erects for
j himself a pedestal, not of honor, but
! of contempt, upon which he stands in
[ self-glory and in popular derision. The
man who gives, in order that he may
! Ix-m-fit his kind, weaves for himself an
invisible crown, whose glory will be
1 unfading through eternity; perhaps
recognized only when this perishable
lieing shall assume the glory of immor
tal i t y.— l'rutbyUriu n Observer.
Prmrmrm,
Every prayer is a wish, but wishes
are not prayers. In the heart of every
prayer is a sense of need, hut a sense
of need is not prayer. Prayer is asking
for a felt need ; not asking the Uni
verse, but God. So one can intelli
gently ask who does not believe thai
he can and may l>e heard. So one can
perseveringly ask who thinks that ask
ing will bring nothing. Persons who
believe that the whole influence of
prayer is simply the effect of their own
thoughts upon themselves, never pray.
They cannot pray. The mouth may
utter right words ; the heart is not in
them. Some prayers are not prayers,
for those who say thern do rnrt. really
wish for the things they mention. Hut
the difficulty with most prayers is that
there is no grasp of the idea of God—
there is no asking. " Ask and ye shall
receive."— Christian A<l rora fe.
l(fll|ioui >fMi and NnlM,
The Southern Methodist church
papers are reporting conversions in
great numbers.
The l'r I' -l int Episcopal bishop of
Wisconsin has issued a pastoral h-tter
calling upon the various parishes and
mis-ion* to bold harvest homes, as
grateful recognitions of the abundant
harvest.
India has twenty-six thousand
school-. over eighty colleges and nearly
1 three millions .f pupils. A large part
of this work is purely Meolar, but it
is nearly all due, direetlv or indirectly
i to the labors of missionaries.
The third general council of Pres
byterian churches throughout tht
I world will be held in Belfast in
The committee appointed at the last
< in lin P! ::a Mphiahave fixed June
I '
J1 as the most convenient (late.
The German Lutheran churches of
s iuth. ro Michigan and Northern Ohio
have established a series of annual
i missionary fc-tivals, the first of which
, h.is held in Adrian, Mich, under
! the auspices of st. John's church.
The Dakota Indians have become so
■ well civilized that one of the lady
| missionaries laboring among tliem
writes: "My stock of pretty ribbons is
running low. and if you know of any
j one who wishes • dreadfully' to help
1 me t< II them I should like Rome pretty
i children's dresses, aprons, bibs, bon
nets, cut and 1 tasted, ready for sewing.
Indeed garments of any kind or any
j size, men's shirts or women's garments
will be gladly received, so that they are
prepared for tny women to sew them."
In Kansas the Mennontte commu
nities are enjoying great prosperity.
I They are mostly of the better class of
Ru--:ans. Aliout fifteen thousand of
tliein own nearly two hundred thou
sand acres. The property was pur
, chased equally from the railroad com
panies and from the government. Tho
| industry and economy of the Mennon
, ites are provcrhiaL It is said that
. some of thern ar worth from SB,OOO
| to SIO,OOO, though a few years ago
| they could churn only a few hundreds.
• The wheat farms are bringing them a
| large income.
Hats In Churches.
Jewish congregations worship with
t (heir heads covered;so do the Quaken
although St. Paul's injunctions on the
' matter are clearly condemnatory of
the practice. The Puritans of the com
monwealth would secai to have kept
! their hats on whether preaching or
being preached to, since Pepys 1 notes
hearing a single clergyman exclaiming
against men wearing their hats in
: the church, and a year afterward
(1062) writes: " To the French church
in the Savoy, and there they have the
common prayer-book, read in French,
and which I never saw before, the min
ister do preach with his hat off, 1 sup
pose in further conformity with our
:huroh." William 111. rat her srandal
xed his church-going subjects by fob
owing Dutch custom, and keeping his
aead covered in church, and when it
lid please him to doff his ponderous
hat during the service, he invariably
donned it as the preacher mounted the
pulpit stairs. When fWsuet, at the
age of fourteen, treated the gay sinners
of the Hotel de Roinboulllet to a mid
night sermon, Voltaire sat It out with
his hat on, but uncovering when the
boy preacher had finished, bowed low
lief ore him. saying: ".Sir, 1 never hoard
a man preach at once so early and so
late."—J/I th* Tear Round.