©be (ffcntw gemoaat. ♦ BSLLEFONTE, PA. Tk Largait, Cheapest end Best Peper PUBLISHED IN CENTRE COUNTT. A MKill I V ENTERPRISE. PROJECT TO PIPE OAS TO EASTERN CITIES TUROUOH A MAIN SIX PERT IN DIAME TER POR A DISTANCB or 250 MII.ES —ESTIMATEDCOST or TIIE EN TIRE PI.AN $45,000,000. Mr. J. W. Baker, of New York city, said to a Sun reporter the other day : "The idea of bringing gas from the Pennsylvania coal fields to this city is by no means new I have been thinking over it for twenty years. It was a favorite project with the venerable Simon Cameron. We have organized a company under the laws of New Jersey, called 'The Gas Light Trans jxirtation Company.' Tho capital is $25,000,000, but the stock is not yet on the market. The officers are: J. Nelson Tsppen, city chamberlain, pre sident; J. C. Lucas, vice president of the Keystoue national bank of Phila delphia, vice president; Isaiah C. Bab cock, treasurer of the Adams express company, treasurer. The directors are John Hoey, .Senator John U. Mcpher son, Henry I). Moore, of Philadelphia, and Frederick E. Gilbert. "We are at present selecting appro priate coal lands on which to fix our works. The idea is to make gas in the same way that it is made in ordi nary gas works out of bituminous coal. A false report has been circulated that we intend to make gas from anthracite coal. We never had any such idea. A very large amount of property has been offered to us, and a competent committee is now engaged in making the We wish to put our gas works in a region where the coal is not likely to he exhausted within seventy-five years. We pro pose to erect gas works that will man ufacture 40,000,000 feet of gas JMT day. This would require 1,460,000 tons of coal annually. The coal can be bought at the mines for 55 cents per ton, but the gas companies pay $4.52 |>er ton for it. They save something by the sale of coke, tar and ammoniacal liquor, so that their coal costs them $"5.14 per ton, or 32 cents a thousand cubic feet of gas manufactured. One great saving will be in the cost of coal and iu the transportation." "What do you estimate will he the saving?" "We calculate the saving in cost of coal at $lO,OOO per day, or $3,860,000 per year. In the purifying we save 8146*,000 per year. It is well known that coal freshly mined will produce better gas than coal that has been long mined. Getting and using our coal fresh from the mines saves us $1,806,. 000 per year. Our receipts for tar and ammouiacal liquors would amount to $•">84,0Of), so that the craml total of our savings will lie $7,300,000 n year." "What capital would be required to put up the requisite works ?" "We will estimate the entire plant at 845,000,000 —twenty-five millions in stock and twenty millions iu bond*. If we pay six per cent, interest on tho bonds we have a balance which would pay a dividend on the capital stock of 14.17 per ceut." "How about the cost of pumping gas?" "We make no allowance for that, as the cost will be nominal. As we hnvc not credited ourselves with estimates for the sale of coke, we may nllow the coke to offset the jumping." "Will there b#any difficulty in pumping gas through such a long pipe ?" "We do not see how there can be. It is well known that oil is pumped through hundreds of miles of pipes. The furthest point proposed for otir works is nearer than the furthest point from which oil is pumped. Our pipes need not lie stronger than oil pipes. We shall be simply extending the method of serving gas already in use everywhere. If we can make arrange ments with existing companies to sup ply them at wholesale cheaper than they can make gns themselves, we shall do so. If they oppose us we may lie compelled to enter into competition with them to supply retail customers. Of course we shall find no difficulty in procuring customers if wc can bring cheap gas into the city." "Will the gas be as good when it gets here as when it is freshly made ?" "It is admitted that the quality of 1 gas is deteriorated by transmission. This, however, will be counterbalanced by the ability to make the gas better out of fresh coal. The first third of gas freshly made is generally so rich that it smokes badly, and must he mixed with poorer ga before it can be used. We can easily, therefore, make gas rich enough to counteract the loss by transportation. We do not expect to be obliged to carry the gas more than 240 miles. We have the right of condemnation of property in Penn sylvania for the purpose of laying our pipes. We have the right to carry our pipes across the Hudson river, se cured by act of the New York legis lature. We have further considered the deterioration of gas by compres sion. Home experiments conducted by Thomas K, Lees, president of one of the gas companies, showed that under • pressure of 1,250 pouuds to the inch the gas lost one caudle power. Home experiments were made by the Penn sylvania railroad company that used a compressing machine to get tbe gas * into the reservoirs of their cars. In somo cases there was a deterioration of twenty per cent, by the squeezing out of hydro-carbon. All these points have been considered in our estimates. Wo may cross the Hudson in tho new tunnel. Engineer Biuilh says it is practicable for us to do so." "It will take a pretty big pipe to bring so much gas?" "Yes. Our pipe will bo made of iron, six feet in diameter, laid in hy draulic cement." "Suppose the pipe gets clogged T" "If it once gets started there will bo no danger of that. I know of no rea son why such a pine should get clog ged. That reminds me of nu exjieri incut made with natural gas taken from one of the Pennsylvania oil wells. A factory, eighteen miles distant, was to bo lighted with the gas. The owner of the factory, not knowing whether the thing would be a success, did not care to go to the expeuse of durable pipes, so they bored logs and under took to use the wooden pipe. When the pipes were nil laid the gns would not pass through them, in spite of the application of euormous pressure. It was evident that there was something wrong. Then it leaked out tlmt some rivals had plugged the pi|)es with wooden plugs. When they got the pipes clear they tried the experiment of forcing un India rubber ball through. Strange and almost incredible as it may appear, the ball traveled the en tire eighteen miles in just eighteen seconds—faster than a mile a second. We expect to lay our iron pipe and supply anybody that needs gas between New York and tbe ccal field. There is no reason why one pipe should not go on to Boston and tbe east. It is not anthracite gas, nor gas from an oil well, nor uaturul gas, but gas made iu the ordinary way ami distributed in the ordinary way through very long pipes. RETRENCHMENT ANI) REFORM. Retrenchment in the public cx|cn ditures is at this time imperatively de manded by the public interests. As tbe object of government is the protec tion of the citizen iu bis rights of per sonal security, jsrsonn! liberty and private property, the burdens imposed in its administration should be made as light upon the jx-ople us practicable. Profligacy and extravagance iu the public expenditure* tuny bring burdens upon the |>eoplc d> -tructive of the pri mary purposes of government itself. The mu*t inexorable of robbers is the I Government itself when so administer ed as to enable a few to live iu extrav agance, luxury nnd voluptuousness at 1 the expense ol tbe toiling millions. That the salaries and compensation of our public officers are too high is incontcslihlv proven by the extrnordi j narv struggles for office, disturbing ail ranks of the people. At tbe Presiden tial election every four years the na- I lion is convulsed by disgraceful squab ! Ides for the distribution of the offices and emoluments of the Government. Look back twenty years, ami trace tbe course of this corrupting tide of profligacy and extravagance in the administration of the Government alone. In 1860, under Mr. Buchnn au's administration, the total net ordi nary expenditure, exclusive of intor ! est, of the Federal Government, was 1160,066,7571. In I*7l it reached | the sunt of $164,421,507.15; ami in 1880 the sum of $1715M6j852.67| ex clusive of interest and all war debt. And now the estimnte of this net an nual cost of the Federal Government !to the people has actually reached $1!)4,046,260.61 for tho year 1882, being about or nenr five millions less than two hundred million* of dollars. Thus, exclusive of the interest nnd war debt, has the net annual cost of the ! Federal Government to the people in creased under the administration of the Republican party alicut $ 135, (MM),- (KM) a year, or over fifteen millions more than double what it was under the last Democratic administration. We have space here only for a few of the facts showing how this profliga cy and extravagance in the public ex penditures came about. The increase of the salaries of Federal officers com menced iu 1866 and 1867. The sala ries of mem tiers of Congress previous ly fixed at $3,000 a year were raised to $5,000; those of tiie judges of the Supreme Court, which had lieeu $4,- 500 n year previously; were raised to $6,000. In 1871 the salaries of the judges were raised to SB,(KM) a year ; and in 1873 the salaries of members of Congress were increased to 7,500 a year eaeh, and the salaries of tbe jud ges of the Supreme Court to SIO,IKK). And at tbe same time a proportionate increase in the salaries of other Fede ral officers was made, and tbe salary of the President of the United States was raisid to $5O,O, In Teu learn. Chit ago Tftl tin*-, !>*• Moitira Ult. The smartest girl l'w met in lowa I met yesterday at Nevada, .Story county, northwestern lowa—Miss 1 telle Clinton. Mien Clinton in u bright eyel, rosy-cheeked girl of about twenty, as full of fun and health aud vigor as a good girl can be. Two years ago Miss Clinton was a school teacher. Saving up by her teaching about $1(10, she last spring borrowed a span of horses from her father, rigged up a "prairie schooner," and, taking her little brother, started for Dakota. Miss Clinton says laughingly to-day, speak ing of her trip : "Why I never lived so nirely in my life, and I never had such an appetite and such courtesy I received everywhere! Hough, rude men would come to our camp and after I had talked to them awhile, oiler t<> huihl my fire and actually bring water to me. We went up through the w heat country which they call the "Jim Itivcr countrv.' It s about 11K> milts east from the Missouri at Fort Sully. I hoinesteaded JIM) acres of laud. Then I took up a tim ber claim of about 120 acres tuorc." "What is a timber claim?" "Why, I hired a man and we set out 10 acres of trees. This gave me 100 acres more. S 1 have 320 arres now. They were young hcust, apple ami black-walnut sprouts. I sowed a peck of locust beans, a pint of apple-seed and two bushels ot black walnuts in our garden in lowa a year ago. These sprouts were little fellows and we could set them out fast—just go along and stick them in the ground. Hut they j are just a* good. 1 believe my 3,000 little black-walnut sprouts will he worth s!■*> apiece in ten years aud 820 apiece in fifteen? My locust trees will sometime fence the whole country." "Then what did you do?" "We built a shanty and broke up five acres of land and this fall we came back to lowa to s|iend the winter aud here we are. In the spring I'll go back with more black walnut and locust sprouts aud take up 100 acres more. The trees are just what I want to plant, anyway,and they'll pay better than any wheat crop that could be raised—only I've got to wait for them ten or twelve years; but I ran wait." Here is a girl who owns in her own right 3211 acres of splendid black prairie soil now and who will own 4*o acres in the spring,every acre of which will bring s.*> within three years and $lO within five years and 820 within ten years. Her black walnut and lo cust trees will le worth ns much more. At thirty she will be worth 82.'},000. An Arkansas Peculiarity. Mill* Rofk Ark. (Utrllr, There is A politeness, a kind of cor diality, in Arkansan that you will not find in many other Htate*. Now, "Colonel" is a title of politeness. In Little Rock when "Colonel is introduc ed to you, why you at once know that the gentleman is perfectly willing to go with you and take a drink. When "General" is introduced you may know that he is willing to takesevcral drinks. "Captain" is less fortunate; you only owe him a nicklc cigar. A character istic of Western people is their forget* fulness of proper names. In this city hundreds of people who associate to* S ether daily only know each other y titles. Yesterday a gentleman ap proached a group of "stauders around," and, extending his hand, began to re ceived congratulations. "Why, Colonel," he said tooneman, shaking his hand heartily, "I am over joyed at seeing you. How is your health?" "First rate, Colonel. lam delight ted to see you. Why, sir, I was say ing yesterday that I'd rather see you than any man in the Htate. Kxcuse me a moment. Hay," he added, turn ing to an acquaintance and drawing him aside, "who ia (hat man t" He seems to he well acquainted with me, but blamed if 1 know jijfe from Adam's off ox." "You ought to know him. He is your law partner, and only left the city yesterday to attend the court in a neighboring town," THE JKFFEKHO3IAN KKVIVAI,. A Prominent Philadelphia Homocrat Approves it 273 SOUTH 4tb STRKET, PIIIL'A. ) December 25, 1881. \ HON. CHAPKCEY F. DI.ACK, L'res't. Dear Sir: —Your letter notifying me that I have been unanimously elec ted an honorary member of the Jefl'er son Democratic association of York, has been received. Please convey to that association the assuranec of my high appreciation of the honor thus conferred upon me, and accept yourself my sincere thanks for the very kindly terms in which you have communicated information of its action. My recent address before the Young Men's Democratic association of this city, to which you refer a* "in sub stance and spirit," such UII ex|iosition of Democratic principles as accord with the views of those who compose the Jefferson Democratic association of York, was delivered without uotcs ami was not reported. I cannot, there fore, furnish you with a copy of it. The principles of Democracy are immutnhlc. New i*ue* constantly present themselves; new principles | never. The Democratic party i- u par !ty of principles, not of issues. Its op | [Kinent is a party of issues, not of prim | ciples. llenee, Democrats find the rightful solution of |M>litiral questions | in the correct application of underty- I ing principles ; but their adversaries — j avoiding discussion of fundamental j doctrines —appeal to passion, to pre- I judicc or to material interests. That j they have frequently done so with sue -1 cess, has, I venture to suggest, resulted 1 from the fact that we —regarding only I up|osed ex|M-diency—have ourselves ! UKJ often tolerated jMilitieal heresv, in ! stead of boldly asserting and fearlessly ' maintaining the fuith delivered by ; Thomas Jetferson to his disciples. Your association may contribute largely to the avoidance of this error in the future. Such societies are the 1 seminaries of sound political principles and from them they may be mo-t jw>- I tently di nominated. Never has the j necessity for them been nlore urgent than now. The teachings of J< IK rson are disregarded hy the old and are Uii j known to the young. Men boat of j the | H>* session of liberty, who reckless ly hazard it* los*! They prate of love lor the constitution, who have no con ception of its spirit! They hlantently assert their "loyalty to the I uion" who utterly mistake its character; ami those who most loudly proclaim their "fealty to the government" nre most profoundly ignorant of its nature! That party which, under coloring of supporting the rigbful authority of the federal government, seeks to draw to it the reserved jsiwers of the slaU-s, manifestly threatens not only the ex istence ot the latter, but a revolution ary and destructive alteration of the former as well, and yet the leaders of that pnrtv profess that preservation of the general goverment is the object of their most earnest solicitude. They in*i*t that their devotion to the consti tution shall not lie questioned, and yet they design to suWtitute a "Strong Central Government" for that which the constitution established with wise ly restricted authority and jealously limited powers to the end that a gov ernment erected "to secure liberty" might not itself become an instrument for its subversion. They seem, too, to have forgotten—or to desire that others shall forget it —that the consti tution was ordained "to form n more perfect I nion" —not to annihilate it hy consolidation; "to establish justice" —not to concentrate power; "to insure domestic tranquility"—not to promote sectional animosity; "to provide for the common defence" —not to subvert the governments of the states; and "to promote the general welfare" —not to advnuce the interest* ola part at the expense of the whole. I believe that such associations as yours ran greatly aid in the goml work of securing a return in the ad ministration of the government to the principle* u|H>n which it was founded; and I beg leave to express the hope that the Jefferson Democratic associa tion, of York, wtlLendeavor to bring about the formalins of other similar societies; and that it will take the ne cessary initiatory steps to secure t'rater. nal relations, harmony of counsels and unity of action among them. Your obedient servant, GEOROE M. DALLA*. Yovso man, you aresmart, talented, good looking, rich, with plenty of friends, and you propose to hare a good time. This is all correct, if you can judge correctly as to what a good time is. If you think it is drinking wine until you are bewildered, crazy, unable to tell whether you are stand ing on your feet or head, then you are mistaken. If you think a good time consists in having nothing else than to dance attendance upon young ladies of fashion, attend all the innny means and ways of dissipation, nnd if you believe a young man can engage in these you are mistaken. If you con tinue to engage in anything where you do nothing hut spend ntouey and don't make any, you will be making a mis take. The best, the only way, if you want to make uo mistake is to live for something that is practical, aud do something that will be a profit to some oue. (ieologist* are agreed that the earth is millions of years old. The moun tain tops have been bald as long as we can remember. A Western Sampson. Booni- lw Htmi-Unl. Jonas Johnson, or "Dig Jonas" is the Goliah of this region, ami some of the stories of his strength and endurance sound fabulous. In 1858 he gained a national reputation hy walking from Illinois to California, pushing his pro visions before him in a wheelbarrow. He was living in Knox county, Illinois, when tho gold fever swept over the country, and being in the curly twenties of his life was fired with ambition to join the Argonauts. He was imperfectly acquainted with English, and had but 810 in cash, so lie wulked across Illinois and lowa to Omaha, making the distance in two weeks. There ho bought a wheelbar row and laid in a stock of provisions. With these, ou the 15th day of April, he pushed bodily out, am] ninety days thereafter "landed" safely ut the dig gings, some fifty miles northeast of Sacramento, the first successful placer mines. Here he went to work in the same independent way he made the journey—alone —ami was successful. He was able to earn from $lO to 820 per day, according to the number of hours he put in. A year satisfied him, ami with a hag well filled with "dust" he returned, byway of Panama and New York, to his former home in Illi nois. His feats of strength are no less re markable. About twenty years ago he found a cow in no uncommon pre dicament in those days—ruired in a slough. A team of horses planted on firm ground had proved unable to draw her from the mire, whereupon Jonas, laving down sonic boards to give a good fooling, lifted her bodily out of the swamp, and, seizing her by the borus, dragged her to a firm ground. At another time his wagon loaded with hay la-came mired down ami the horse* failed to extricate it. Joint- got impatient, ami going to the rear, be raised the load and pushed it forward to belter ground, making a lift which is moderately estimated at 1,3<)0 pound*, and |H-rfoiincd under unfa vorable conditions. He is now it bale, ruddy-faced man of fifty-eight years, located on a tine farm of 120 seres in lioom* and Hamilton counties, well stocked and improved, beside* being the fortunate owner of two others, 100 am] Pit I acres reflectively. He was born in .Sweden, was twenty-two voars old w hen be came to America ami has la-en a resident of this county for twenty-throe years. ll< standi six feet two inches in his stockings, and tip* the beam at 245 pound*. A No. 12 boot accommodate* his fi*it and bis hum! is that of a giant. The It under* of Common Paper. To the Japanese we are indebted for the discovery that paper can be made into hundreds of articles for human use. At the Atluuta exposition were to be si-en a most extraordinary varie ty of articles which had been made from common paper pulp. These in cluded car wheels, kitchen furniture, wash basins, tubs, truck*, and even houses. A ear wheel made of pafer will run 2,400,000mi1ea without break ing and is stronger than steel or iron, ami then it is very much cheaper. Paper is of surprising strength. A twisted note of the Dank of England will not t<-ar even though three hun dred nnd twenty nine younds weight is suspended from the end of it. Pa per ran lie compressed so hard that tt will tear a chisel into piece* if the lat ter is held against it. One of the great values of paper is that it can be made to take the place of wood. Furniture made of it looks liko black wulnut, and is really stronger as well as chea per; indeed there is now less danger from the wasting of our forest trees than there was before the various uses of paper were discovered. Stove* are made of paper ami are so incombusti ble that it is impossible to burn them. It is possible to make even a steam engine of paper; in short, it has been found that the linen fibre from which the host paper is made will in the fu ture he as valuable to mankiud as wood or iron. Australian Customs. When a girl is betrothed her mother and aunts may not look at or speak to the man for the rest of his life, hut if they meet him they squat down by the wayside and cover up their hchds, and when he and they are obliged to speak in one another's presence they use a peculiar lingo, which they call "turn tongue." This queer dialect is not used for eooeealineut, for everybody understand* it, and some examples of it show that it ha* much in common with the ordinary lauguage. To give an idea of the siatc of formality into which life has come amoug these sup |*sed free-and-easy savages, mention may be made of the duties of the brides maid and groomsman. When the mnrried pair have been taken to the new hut built for them, for the next two months the groomsmen and the husband sleep on nue side of the fire, and the bridesmaid and the wife on the other, the new-married couple not being allowed to speak or to look at one another. The bride is called "not look-around," and the pair in thia em barrassing position are a standing joke to the young people living near, who amuse themselves by peeping in aud laughing at them. "I know where the dark goes when morning comes," said little Clara. "It goes down cellar; it'a dark there all I day." Hn ret-Minded Women. Ko great i* tha influence of sweet minded women on those arourid her, that it is hlinnet boundleca. It is U her that friend* come in seasons of sorrow And nick nee* for help aud com fort; one *<>othing touch of her kindly hand work* wonder* in the feveri-li child; a few word* let full from her lip* in the car of a sorrowing sister dire* much to raise the load of grief that i* bowing it* victim down to the dust in anguish. lhc husband come* home, worn out with the pressure of husine", and feeling irritable with the world in general; but when lie enters the cosy sitting room, and see* the blaze of the In igh fire, and meets hi* wife* smiling face, he succumbs in a moment to the soothing influence* which act as the balm of (iilcad to hi* wounded spirits, that are wearied with the stern realities id' life. The rough schoolboy flies in a rage from the taunt* of bis companions to find so lace in his mother's smile; the little one, full of grief with its own large trouble, finds a heaven of rest on it* mother's breast; and so one might go on with instance after instance of the influence that a sweet-minded women ha* in the social life wills which she is connect* 'y applied to General f lin ton Is. I"ik for capita! to go into buri neaa. Amount wanted—seventy-five ceuta. ituiiinvv—bootblacking. Sta tion—near Fulton Ferry, New York. Profits to In- divided at the end of six months*. The arrangement wag made and the firm began business. One Monday morning, however, the work ing partner came into the general'* office wearing a very lugubrious coun tenance. "What's the matter?" a-ked the general. "Oh." rani the I my, "it's all up." "All up !"aid the general; "what do you mean ?" "Oh," replied the urchin, "the firm'a busted." "How is that?' wa the inquiry. "Well," said the boy, "I had $1 92 on hard ; but yesterday a man came into our Sunday school and saiil we must give all of our money to the mi-sionary society, and 1 put all in—couldn't help it—an' it's all up with us." We have no doubt that the firm immediately resumed business again—but is the first partnership bunted in that way ! llence our ex treme sympathy. A NEWLY married couple received a rolling pin a a wedding present from a rich and eccentric uncle a few •lays ago, and expecting something handsome from him, they wgf<> so en raged that they threw it out the win dow, ami somch >dv carried it off. They are madder now. for he has written to the bride saving that the utensil, be sides being useful as a dough manipu lator and husband subduer was valua ble within itself, ami she would find I on unscrewing the handle a cavity con taining a pearl necklace, which he hoped she would wear from kind re gard for the donor. But it was gone. DR. BLISS, j n a magazine article, re | counting the incidents of the I'resi dent's illness, (tears testimony to the j fact that card* were a frequent social ! diversion with Mr. Garfield, that his inind ran to that recreation during his illness, and that in his very last stages i he made a motion as if shuffling card*. A Nova Scotia editor wrote the fob : low ing headline to a dispatch : "The ; British Lion Shaking his Mane." He , went into fits, from which Lc has not yet recovered, reading the printer's version : "The British Lion Skating in Maine." Burlingtou Hawkeye : It is feared that the enormous manufacture of wooden toothpicks it utterly destroy ing the forests of America.but then the young man who pcnds all his salaiy for good clothes must have something to eat. A boy in a country wlioo) wan rend* ing the following sentence, "The light house in a land-mark by day and a beacon by nigh," and tic mxMi it thus: "The light-house in a lamMord by day and a deacon bv nigh." How la* it that when a young lady ; rum off and marries a coachman every body generally, and her parents in |r ticular, raise old Cain about it, aud nothing at all is ever said wheu a bride marries a groom ? doab Hillings very sensibly declares that a fanatic ia the worst man any body can encouuter, because reason has no power over him, and it ia against the law- to club him. When the girl who has encouraged a young man for about two years sud denly tells him that ehe never can be more than a sister to biru lie can for the first time see the freckles on her nose. A debating society has tackled the question. "Is it worse to think yeu'ie at the top when there is one stair moie than to tliiuk there is one stair mots when you have reached the top. A man with a small salary and large family says if pride goes before a fail he would like to tee pride strart ou a little ahead of the price of coal and provisions.