Professional Cards.
WILI.KM A. WtILACI, DATIH L. XRIB.
■ >UI F. WAIAAC A, WIUJ.R I. WALLACE
WALLACE A KREBB,
Y Y LAW AND COLLECTION OPPICK
January I, IWI. CLEARFIELD. PA.
17LLIS L. ORVIB,
Jjj ATTORNEY AT LAW.
OFFICE oppoalte the Court llouae, ou tha 'id flu " r "■
A. O. Fural'e lulhlltig. 3 ~""
T?RANK FIELDING,
ft, UWANUO,LKm^r KI , A
WA. MORRISON,
. ATTORN BY-ATI. AW,
BKI.LKPONTK, PA.
OFFLCA IN WOODRTNG'ABLOCK, OPPOELTA THECOURT HOUAE.
OOAAULTAIION LA BFLKK AT OWAA. MJT
0. . ALIXXMDia. "• A 0 " 1 *-
4 LEXANDER A BOWER,
2 V ATTOBNKYB AT LAW,
Bellefonte, Pa., may be oooaullad Id Kugllah or Oar
nun. Offlca In Herman'. Building. 1-ly
jtuta a. aAATia. >. waatat oFAt.
BEAVER & GEPIIART,
ATTORN RYU AT LAW,
Offlc. on Allegheny atreet, north of High. Belle.
font., Pa.
DF. FORTNEY,
a ATTORN BY-AT LAW.
BKI.I.KI'ONTK. PA.
Laat door to the left In tha Court tlonee. *-ty
TORN BLAIR LINN,
*1 ATTORNEY AT LAW.
BKLLEPONTR, PA.
Offlca Alleghany lUMti WW Rt OR " -l >
T L. SPANG LER,
sf . ATTORNKY AT LAW,
BELLKFONTR. CENTRECOURTY, PA.
Special attention to Collect lone; pmctlcce In all the
OuurU; OooaullaMooa la OaFtaa or B' gltah. l-iy
DS. KELLER,
. ATTORNEY AT LAW, ,
Offlca on Allegheny Street South aide of Lyon a
■tore, Bellefbute, Pa.
t H. urauxi. <*>•
MURRAY A GORDON,
11 attorneyr-AT-LAW,
CLEARFIELD PA
Will attend the Rellefoute Courta when epeclally
amployed,
T C. HIPPLK,
I . ATTORNEY AT LAW.
" LOCK HAVEN, PA.
All bqalneaa ppomplly attended to. 1-ly
WM. P. MITCHELL,
Y Y PRACTICAL tI'RVEYOR,
LOCK HAVEN.PA,
Will attend to all work In Claardeld, Centre and
Clinton conntlr*. lfc . .
office opposite Lock Hy Rational Bonk. 21>-ly
\\R C. HEINLE,
Y Y • ATTORNEY AT LAW,
BKLLRPONTR, PA.
Offlca In Conrad llouae. Allegheny atraet.
Npeel,l attention given to the collection of claim.
All hnvlneaa attended to promptly. *l-ly
WILLIAM M( ULIX)UGH,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
CI.CARPI ELD. PA
All bnalneaa promptly attended to. 1-ly
M i nrrlUt neons.
■
DOYOUSUFFER
With COSTIVENCSS. Sick Headache. DVSPEP
SIA. Low SpinH. SLEEPLESS NIGHTS,
Loot of Appetlto, Paio in the Sid*.
AM oil I he nnmnrone ailment* rr.oan>|ont upon a dte
ordered .tain .f thn IJfn, nbno Jmi linen a (fflall
remedy within fior r*orl). That rrtmlj la
GREEN'S Liver Pills.
Tkw Pilla ara of Two lilt*, and when oaM lo
mMrtloa with wh nthn arrnfdlng Iti dlrnctiooe
ar- INVARIABLY BVOCSSSTt'L. Th.y am near
coated, and am JtKNT BT M AIL on receipt of price.
In order to prncnnt rnanhrftlllaf Ibtt am put njp la
lot hokne, with Iba eignalure of P. P. (iRKKN
around each lot.
Plirr, Nil 1, SB ■.; So. 2, BO rte. Mannfartared
onljr bp
F. POTTS GREEN
BKLLKPOSTK. PA.
New York Weekly Herald.
ONE DOLLAR A TEAR.
'THE circulation of this popular
1 nawapapar la roaetaatly lacrraaiag. II coalmine
all lb. landing nana of tbo Utiit lluuio, and la
arranged la bandy dnpartm nto. Thn
FOREIGN NEWS
embrace. .pedal dlapatrhao from all qoartort of IP
gloW. C Oder thn bnd of
AMERICAN NEWS
am ftaae Iba Telegraphic Dlapatrhee of tba waak from
all pafta of thn L'alua. Tbta faalora aloaa aaakna
THE WEEKLY HERALD
thn anal aalaahia chronicle la Iba world, aa It la tba
chaapntt. (tafj wank la glean a faithful raport of
POLITICAL NEWS
embracing complete and compmbaoalm dtepntrhae
fr.,m Waamaoroa, Inclading fnll raporta of tba
apmrbra of ntalannt politician, on the qeewtloaa of thn
THE FARM DEPARTMENT *
of thn Wttatr Ilaattn glena tba Intnat aa wall as tba
moat practical anggnatlona and dteroeerlne relating U
thn dntlna of tbo Ibrnar, hlnte for raining ( nmt,
Pot irar. OatiM. Tago. Vnortnum, Ac . Ac, with
angg-nli .o. f.,r keeping hnlldlagi and atnnntla In ro
palr. Thfa ta anppl.menled by a wall Ml tod depart
ment, wldaly eopM, andnr tba brad of
THE HOME,
airing mrlpnn for practical dlahno. blnta for making
Clothing ami Arc kanptag ap wlik Iba latent faablona at
thn low ml price Story Iba of rooking or economy
■nggonlnd In thle department la practically In. lad by
* oipnrt. I.nforn pnldicallrm Lattara from oar Pacta
ami London cormopoadnnta on Iba tary latent faab
lona. Thn llomn Itepnrtmnnt of tba WIIILI ItoaaU
will mm the koaeentfc mom than ana hundred Umea
|ka price of the paper. Tho Intamata of
SKILLED LABOR
nr. looked after, and ntnrythlng pertaining to m
chentc* and labor anting la rarnfally recorded Thnra
|a a pago devoted lo all tba lalnal pbaaaa of the ImaL
nrna markka. Cmpa, Mnrcknndtet. Ac. Ao. A talnm
kin fnaln" I. f -oad In Ibo epectally rrportod prtcaa
and eondltloßa of
THE PRODUCE MARKET.
smart to HgwfMboaM and abroad, tognl hnr wtth
• ftroar nrory waak. a IBM by tome nmlnawt dh
tlnn, LiTtmnkT. Mtatcat. IMun.tic, PtSBOBAk and
Put So***. Thnra la ao paper la the world thai eon
' taint on mock oowa mailer cmry waak aa the Wggg.
It Haaakß. which I* aaat, pontage paid, for One Dol
lar Ton can eobncrtbo at aay Umt,
THS I f W
NEW TORS - In a Waokly Perm, J DOLLAR
iIKRALD ) I * ****
YORK HERALD,
S-I Broadway and Ann At rant, New Toft.
For Sale.
A FARM containing Fitty Acres.
and baring Ibnraon oracled a TWO-rTOBT
TRAMS BI.'ILDINO aad *th helldlag.. pile good.
In.,aim of A. 1. AT R ORIRST
Bd OatoavUlo, Coatro eooat*. Pa.
WUmm, McFarlane © Co., Hard ware Heater*.
H-A.ZR.ID'W.A.IREI
WILSON, MoFARLANE & CO.
DEALERS IN
STOVES, RANGES % HEATERS.
ALSO
Paints,. Oils, Glass and Varnishes,
AND
"RTTTT T~)TriT?,R' HABDWABB.
ALLEGHENY STREET, .... IIUMIB' BLOCK, .... IIRLLBFONTK, PA.
TRAVELER'S GUIDE.
BELLEFONTE A SNOW SHOE
R. R.—Time-Table la effect on and after March
I,1S1:
Leaves Snow B ho4 6.3G A. M. .arrive* In Bellefonte
7.24 A. M.
Leave* Hcllrfwut• 9.12 A. M., arrive* at 3sor Shoe
II.R A. U.
Leave* Snow Rhoa 2.30 P. 11., arrives In Bellsfont*
1.20 p. M.
Bellefonte 4.46 r M .arrive* at Snow 8h
7.26 r. *• 8 8 HLAIK, Uon'l Bup*rlnt*udeut
BALP EAGLE VALLEY RAIL.
ROAD.— Tiroe-Tabla, April 39. liUUI:
Exp. Mall. waaTaaan. lutttit. Exp. Mxl).
a.a. p. u. ra. A. ■
I lu T iri .......Arrive at Tyrone Leave..... 7 31 b 44
I ] til LrwveKa.l Tyrone Leave... I S I '■&
789 6SI " Vail " ... 742 bS*
7SS 647 " Bald Eagle " ... 747 902
74* 63# " Fowlvr " ... 762 909
742 633 " Hannah " ... 7 V. •IS
736 6 ,'S " Port Matilda " —S 00 Hl#
727 617 " Martha " ... 07 9SS
I 111 at* " Julian " —• IB 932
7 9 547 " t'uionvHle " ... 23 9 W
700 84* " Snow Mho# In " ... 532 94S
4S# S4S " Mlle,l.urg " ... .34 94*
446 S3S " Bellefonte " ... 4-1 967
36 623 '• Mlleat.urg " ... 454 10 f>*
4iS 6la '• Ciirtln " ... 90610 1#
41* Slo •• Mount Eagle " ... 91210 SS
6 9 SOl ...... " Howard " ... 92"10 37
4SS 460 " Eagle,ilia " —9aalo 49
SSO 44S •' Bee. |, Creak M —94010 64
634 433 " Mill llall " ... 95411 14
429 430 •• Plemlngtoa " ... 91711 39
426 424 " Lock llavan •• ...10 OI II 24
I JEN NSYLV A NIA R AILIIOA I>.
£ —< Philadelphia and Krt* Dmaiooy—Oti and
after December tig 1*77
WKftTWARD.
Kit IF MAIL leave* Philadelphia II M j. Ot
** •* HarrUtuff.................. 42b a m
** *' Wllllain*}"'ft • .V a m
M M Lock llaven.. • 4< a m
M M lanov&.M 10 64 a m
*' arrltrw at Km- " - i (
RIAUARA
•• M lfarrtffl!>urK ... I" V' m
** •• WlltUmapnrt. •' 2*' po.
■* arrive* at Re*<* 4 4< j. n.
PMorngera t<j thb train arr.va In llell*-
fnotr al.. w a...- 4 16 P m
FABT LISK !•••*• PhlladelphU II Lin
" M ||arrtl'iirc . M ... 3Xp n*
** M WlllUiniifirt 73 | n>
M arrive* at llavea •I"|> n>
KAHTWARD.
PACIFIC EXPRKBO leave* |>- Uv*n.— sr ,
•* M willi*m|MM... 7 Ban
" arrive* at llarrtat urg 11 Mam
M ** Phtla4elphln.... 346 p m
DAY KXPRBBB Uave* Rern/Vt 10 10 a m
•* '* Lor A 11aven........... U .*"**.
• * WtUlUMptti 12 a it.
M arrive* at llarriet>irg.. MMMMM 4 Id p m
** ** Philadelphka. 73D |>
OIK MAIL laave* Renovo • iS p m
" '* Lock llaven 046 p m
14 H WilHamapovi. 11 6 p m
M 01 rive* al ll*rti*targ... 2 46 a m
• M PRllaiielphl* 700 * m
PART LINK leave* Wtill*map..rf .... ... 12 36 a m
*' arrive* at Harrntrtirq 1 Baa
m i 4 PkllaiWlnhla .. 7A3a w>
Erie Mail We*t. Niagara StprvM Wat, Lark Haven
AmmmvUtion Wait and Dap fvtpreee Kant, mak*
rla*e rgynnerfat RorthamWf land with L A 1). R
R train* for Milkeekarre and Sctrnton.
Rrie Mail Wnl. Rlaafa Kvpreav Meet, and KH*
Kxpre** M e*t. and Lock llaven Wn
make chwe ronnerUon at M'tlllameport wtta N C. R
W. train* nrrth
Kri* Mall Weil, Miagnra Kvpre** Waal, and fHv
Kvpfem £**. make clmp mnnertloa at Lock llaven
With H K V R R train*
Kri* M*l Kail and Wat connect at Krle with train*
on L P A M. * R R. at Carry with OC4 A V R
ft., at Kmporitim with R 2. Y A P R R., an I at
Driftwnrwl with A. V. R R
Parlrw cars will fan between Philadelphia and
Willlainport on Niagara Cipres* Meat. Krie F.spreas
W*t. Philadelphia Ki|>rea Rat and Day K|-re*
Kaat, and Randay Ripre** F*nat. Sleeping - ars n al'
night train* W|. A V(Lwtw.
Oen'l flw|HKtntendent.
II IRA IIP HOUSE,
VJ CORNRRCHEPTNCT AND NINTH NTREETP,
mutarrit.
Tkie hw. pKanln.nt In e ctty f.m~t for It, run
fortalde hot.!,. I. kpt in aaavy M|i.t vjnal to any
Srat-claai hotel* In the conntry. Owing loth, .ton
pary of tha tlaw. tha price of board h. l~ red wad
to vnaxt noLbxaa par day. J M'KIRRIN,
Manager
CMLMORE K CO.,
* LAW AND COLLECTION HOC*K.
629 F STREIT. WA*IMOTON, I). C.
Mak* Collf Mono, Kegotlate |/ and attend t<i all
bodna* e*>nAded to LARD WHIP, Nddief'a
Addltfonal IL>me*tead Right* and LARD WARRAJTB
bowght and eohl. 4*-tf
|RO||
P A TRUE TONIC
A PERFECT STRENCTHENER.A SURE REVIVER.
IRON BITTERS are highly rfcnmnwnilpd for all disease* pa
quiring a carta in and efficient tonic ; specially Iwiiyrrtvm, Ityprpma, Inlrr
miM /'Tier*, WruU of Appetite. Lom of Strmgfk, look of Energy, tit. Enriches
the blond, strengthens the muscles, and gires new life to the nrnre*. Tliey art ,
like a charm on the digestive organ*, removing ail dyspeptic symptoms, Mich
M ToMinq Ike Food, Bdrking, Ileni in Ike Sttmntk, Ifmrthnrn, tie. The only
Iron Preparation that will not blacken the teeth or jrlve
headache. Sold by all druggists. Write for the ABC Book, 32 pp. of
useful and amusing reading— orni free.
BROWN CHEMICAL CO., Baltimore, Md.
BITTERS
IIAUHKHT R. PAIR R,
lip OMMMMII *f fiMP.
in J. t. ORAPTOR. * mar a. LADD
PATENTS.
PAINE, GRAFTON A LADD,
Attorney*at- Low and Solicitor* American
and Foreign Patent*,
412 Firm STRRRTi W AMI i ROTOR, IX C.
rnctln MlMl la* la all It* braaabta la lit Paint
OfllM, ul tka Anprtta. and CI real! Ouart* a t Um
Called Malta Pamphlet rmml ftaa. **lt
AcomMniion of Mopa, Roohu, Mun
ci rnkla >l Dandelion, *ttli u> t.... inland
smtclui>Uovi>'e rtlM of *ll ciiar loiters,
makssVik**"* 4 *" Blood Purifier, Livar
Reiu iVntors and IAI " "*" ! IfaatUi ku.rute
Ku dlsuttXa potsllily I"cf whara flop
11.Iters am *- "eU |rtsct" UeOr
Tis; glr*mtuV' Ul t!jt:t-lis sp l I*2 l
To all ho lrr,r<i Infi
ll ftfl.K>buelaor\u"nr "nrans. or who r
uuirssn Apt-Uio^t-""" - and mild fOimulant,
11..j. tatter, sr. laraiX."** 1 "' WtHout Into*-
Ic.iting. wdh
1%0 tuAtfer wh*tytxir frW'tlwr* or §jmr*<*na
nrr Wit al t !• dkarftfl* or ll UW Hi IT
lrr. I>..it , lAjlttutilyottV* Nl If y m
vnlf feel Ua4 or l oiww
It nujr ;<Mirlifr 11 bMl 1 A v huodrwla.
S3OO I* poH for tby will not
ri. Ik* S|i. |*o Hot JTOVT frietidl
OMUMJ urtr lUeia%*° uw Hop i
llffirtiiUr llop It.turn | vl * e dnirjr4
drvnkfo mMmm but lb #<• lM
McrUictoervertttiule Uw- nun*
•rd Bort- and • > ior fatnily^L
il.nuM t*c wtUMMI I'i >O.
f) |.o.i* n •Mrsl-Itr find InwMiMa rtirvß ;
rrl>ninkrfvftr, * # of uulom. tu
H nar di. A All ta 'e-fid #L.^B■
If' M ■JH 1
B Ha h--4e> T >i,d < '*~ t I
Battle Creek, Michigan,
MssvrscTcaxa* or TUB o*l.l oaacm
THRESHERBT^^^
Traction and Plain Engine*
and Horee- Powers.
*i Cmsslio TtnsSo rsrtn I Krtabtlanwd
ta OS* HsHA I ieB
0 0 YEARB
aj f aasnasmnrat, or l*t,a"Wt >• - lAt
mmmmUmmrn pfgrf MTV ft* I* * f'| ggf f I limit
ftTKAM-POWKR kKPARATOKM as*
•w seen lt> Use Auecsa n*t)M
A oooSUmSt of tfiml fam< aswf Usui ieia
Aw MSI, VvnUaer with ~e—— fWski fa miaatias.
ft.™ eft* MierVsir tvS drmrord <S to >4*rr tuakafa.
P'.tir slam of Hefmralors frtac S lo 111 beree
tmt+rttj. fm Saw r *—• ™ar
Two sCjWe of " Mouoterl R.ewrnsif*
7,600.000
coontantlr oa band, from * hvt-k is leittt tba us.
eanirabts wont work of our aadSawT
TRACTION ENGINES^
£2ms, 13 llsrw'fawrf. V
fcnairt at* Tkn ebn men ar inrttad IS
NICHOLS, SHKWARD * CO.
Battle Creek, Mlohiea*^
Mo\ RY Tw '' onn nt 0 per Ct.
I „ T THr MIT |. A |, Unl I MUCK
AXCB CO nr NEW YUHK, OB first m .rts.*-. on
Imwntel fain MOfwH;. In an* r*.| , lha V2,nno,
end nod xc**dfu na lMrt <# lha |>raaatil vaJne of
lb* property. Any pull"* of lb* printi|l m be
pel 4 olf el eny fln*. and |i bee lew the rwton of the
rrmpeny In permit the pnwripe) t . r-meJn m lonff m
the horrover tiM, If the inferred H promptly peJd
Apply to
Cff ARI.fCS P 9MKR%f A5. Attorney et lev.
bit I "on ft, at feet, lagfitf, Pa.,
or to DAVID X. KLIXR, Ge.'e Apprei**r.
h-tf hellefrmte. Pa.
Gm AKMAN'B HOTEL,
Oil-.it.CWt Houh, l!KI.I.rOKT, FA.
TKIMR II.W PKR OAT.
A (pod ldft <NtrM. M
BT. XAVIEII'S ACADEMY,
NEAR LATROBE, PA.,
NEARLY half a Century old, from
wMrb Ik* MM n>d CltltlnMihl
It, IVtifti) Um i grwliMtni. ..(iw* nmM
•<lN<U*ml *lto nd high**! of raHtilnf IN-
Imkn Pupil. vlmltlnt il mi,j lint*. Tcnilj *■
*• VP*.
AMrttt, iirrwui or urncr,
M BMUpt P. 0 , WolawrUd CON* 17, P*.
®ht Ctntw
BKLLKFONTE, PA.
-A. Oh Ofl I c "CT X* T XT XI Xu.
NEWS, FACTS AND BUOCJKHTIOKH.
vaa vast or TBI KTIOSL wtLrsaa is THS ISTSLLI
asaca *an raoaraaiTi or raa rsaasa.
Every farmer in his annual experience
discovers something of value. Write it and
send it to the " Agricultural Editor of the
DcMOOkAT, Bellefonte, J'cnn'a," that other
farmers may have the benefit of it. Let
communications be timely, and be sure that
they are brief and well pointed.
IF a fence Itoanl it loose one nail
driven in to-day will fasten it; if
you wait till to-morrow it may re
quire three.
ANY one who wishes to keep a
small quantity ot apples nicely for
family use will (lud it a good plan
to pack them carefully in bran.
BOMR people do not appear to
know that buckwheat cake) arc liest
when made partly of wheat flour—
Bay one-third.— Farm Journal.
If, instead of wheal flour, you use
wheat "middlings," your cakes will
bo "better than liest."
THE American Dairyman , which
lias in some manner missed its way
to our table for some week*, ha*
again put in an appenrance and is
very welcome. To those who desire
a paper devoted specially to dairy
j interest, we heartily commend it.
If you have no strawlierry bed we
extend you our sympathies, nml sug
gest that you immediately set about
preparing a bed for next spring's
planting. If you are already the
happy possessor of a "patch" wc
congratulate you, and lieg to remind
you that it should have some slight
protection given it after the cold has
become severe enough to freeze the
ground an inch or two deep. This
covering should be slight but as uni
form as may be. Straw and coarse
manure are generally recommended,
but experience with pine brush, ln|-
ped over each other like shingles,
gives us a decided preference for it.
It is certainly free from weed seeds,
easily applied and moved and very
effective in preserving the plants from
the evil effects of hard freezing.
GOVERNOR CCM-OM, of Illinois, HAS
issued hi* proclamation licaring dale
November 1, prohibiting the impor
tation into that Stare of horned cat
tle from certain counties in the States
of Connecticut, New York, Pennsyl
vania, New Jersey, Delaware and
Maryland, "unlea* accompanied by
a certificate of health properly
by a duly authorized veterinary in
spector." The Governor assigns as
a reason for this his "belief that
plcuro-pncumonia has become epi
demic" in the localities designated.
The counties thus scheduled in our
State are Lehigh, Bucks, Berks,
Montgomery, Philadelphia, Delaware,
Chester, Lancaster, York, Adams and
Cumberland. We trust that the ef
forts made by our State authorities
to stamp out this plague will soon
prove so far successful as to raise
the blockade thus imposed upon our
breeders. The Live Slock Journal
publishes the Governor's proclama
tion as a supplement to its November
edition.
White Grulcs.
We have never known a season in
which the larvie of the "May beetle"
or "June bug," commonly known as
white grules, have proved so destruc
tive as the past one. A correspond
ent of the Farmer y t Review, an ento
mologist of some note, gives the fol
lowing method for their destruction :
If a farmer wishes to fight them
his only sure method is to plow his
ground over and over again until all
vegetation haa been destroyed or
taken out, then leave it fallow or
plant it in buekwbeat, mustard, cas
tor beans, flac, or something that is
obnoxious to them and that they
will not eat
WITH a abort crop and hign prices
it becomes those who have com that
they intend converting into |ork be
tween this time and spring, to feed it
out liberally before the ssveru weath
er of mid-winter sets in. One bushel
of corn fed in the mild autumn days
wilt return, in most cases, doable as
much as in January and February.—
Slock Journal.
THE man who plana a barn with
modern improvements ' should be
careful that bis wife has modern im
provements in her kitchen.
Two Vision*.
Aicim* M. Xacliaf, in XuVMulmr Oolury.
Where close the curving mountains drew
To clasp the stream in their embrace,
With every outline, rurve, and hue
He flue ted in iU placid face,
The plowman stonfied hi* team to watch
Tbo train, a* swift it thundered by ;
Home distant glimpse of life to catch,
He strain* hi* eager, wistful eye.
The morning freshness lie* on him,
.lust wakened from his haltny dreams J
The travelers, begrimed and dim,
Think longingly of mountain stream*.
Oh, for the Joyouyujountain air,
The fresh, deligbnul autumn day
Among the hills I the plowman there
Must have perjietual holiday !
And he, a* all day long he guides
lli steady plow, with patient band,
Think* of the flying train that glides
Into some new enchanted land,
Where, day by day, no plodding round
Wearies the frame and oullt the mind—
Where life thrills keen to sight and sound,
With plows arid furrows left behind.
Kven so, to each, the untrod war*
Of life are touched by fancy 's glow,
That ever shed* it* brightest ravs
Upon the path we do not know !
Our Grain Crop and it Commer
cial Importanco.
The current issue of the Scientific
American contains a very interesting
leading article under this caption and
devotes nearly its entire lirst page to
a series of illustrations referring to
it. We quote from it as follows :
During the past decade the pro
duction of breadstuff's in this country,
a* sliown in the latest census nqiorts,
has been nearly doubled. During
the same period the exportation of
breadstuff's has increased fourfold.
It i now more than ten times as
great a* it was twenty years ago, and
more than twenty times what it was
thirty years ago. As given by the
Bureau of Statistics the total expor
tation* were:
l'< I* " ....... 111/W/O)
"1"" - ...._ il.Ul.**'
UM Taro.wa
| !-■ —....
The enormous and wonderfully
rapid increase in our gruin cro|>s is
attributable to several causes. Pri
marily we have the invention and
improvement of agricultural machin
ery, by which the cultivation of the
lireat West has been made |x>ssible.
Next we have the vat extension ami
improvement of our railway and
water lines, making possible the prof
itable traiis|Mirtalion of the large
surplus to Eastern and foreign mark
ets. With this extension of means
lias come an iiu|K>rtut lowering of '
freight charges, which has made it ,
jHissible to place American grain in j
! the markets of Kurope at prices at
whicb it can compete successfully
with European grain, es|x*cially that
from Hnssia, Hungary, Austria, and
| Herman)'.
Of course the vast immigration of
farmers who have swarmed into the
Northwest, a full regiment a day for
every day in the year, i* an element
of the problem ol no mean signifi
cance ; but their labor has been
largely invited and made profitable
by the cbeajiening of the transporta
tion of their crops to the Hast and
to Europe.
Ten years sgo it was the belief of
. railroad men that grain could not be
carried from Chicago to New York
for less than 24 cents a bushel. The
rate has since been lowered to 20
cents, and fors|>ecial rates, it ia said,
on good authority, to half that sum.
The nominal rate at this time is 1*
Cents. During the same period the
cost of water carriage has been cor
respondingly reduced. The lowest
estimate that we have seen of the
actual coat of bringing wheat from
Chicago to Buffalo by steam barge is
$2.85 a hundred bushels; from Buf
falo to New York by canal and river,
$5.70; making the cost from Chicago
to New York by waterfall charges
included), 8-55 cents a bushel.
Ten years ago it cost nearly as
much to get a bushel of grain from
Buffalo to New York as it now does
to carry it from Chicago to Liver
pool. The influence of a reduction
of a cent a bushel in transportation
charges would be incredible if we
did nut know how narrow is the mar
gin ol profit in the handling of great
staples. The reduction of one cent
in the Erie Canal tolls was followed
by an increase in grain carriage from
29,000,000 bushels to f.9,000,000 ol
bushels. In a recent legislative in
quiry a prominent grain merchant
expressed the Isdief that the aboli
tion of the remaining one cent toll
would increase the flow of grain
through the canal to 150,0(10,000
bushels a year.
Something over half of the entire
export grain trade of the country in
•lone at this port, where the elevators
and great wnrchouscs have a storing
capacity of nearly twenty-five mil
lion bushels. A very large part of
the grain passing through the city,
however, is loaded directly from the
canal boats into the ocean steamers,
as shown in our illustration. Com
monly the loading and unloading go
on together, a floating elevator haul
ing alongside and pouring In the
grain as fast as the outgoing freight
is removed. Usually the canal boats
carry from five to seven thousand
bushels or more, four of them suffic
ing to load • grain ship, and eight to
ten a large steamer. The largest
cargo ever brought through the ca
nal was recently reported; it was
8,500 bushels- The largest grain
steamer will carry 150,000 bushels;
from 80,000 to 90,000 bushels is a
large cargo.
Packing Fruit.
Select perfectly sound specimens
of apples and pears, says Dr. Calder,
and pack them in boxes or barrels in
common land plaster or gypsum,
using first a layer of fruit and then a
layer of plaster, using as much fruit
OH possible without having the speci
mens actually touch each other.
Close the package and lay it away in
some cool place where it will not
freeze. The plaster will exclude the
air and keep the fruit at an even
temperature, and it will be found
perfectly preserved after a very long
interval.
THK cow is a most prompt pay
master for all she exacts as food.
Let us see the inducements she offers
her owner to feed her well, in drouth
or plenty. Her milk becomes rich in
October, and much less milk will
make a pound of butter or cheese
than in June or July. A very mod
erate cow, respectably fed in October,
will make 3$ lbs. of butter per week,
which, at 30 cents (a low price this
year), will give $1.05 per week, as to
value of her butter, and the skim
milk will be worth 25 cents more, or
$1.30 per week. Now, this will easily
le produced by adding to what she
must have to keep her alive—six
pounds of corn and oat meal, or
corn and middlings per da}*, which
wiil seldom cost more than GO cents,
or less than half what she produces
in money value. If the dairyman
will feed her what she pays for every
night, she will produce a good yield
of milk, and keep herself in good
condition, so as to be profitable
another season.
It in known that coal ashes im
prove the texture of the soil. It ia
held also by some (the writer inclu
ded) that If used freely they increase
the productive capacity aside from
the mechanical effect, and this in
some seasons to a considerable ex
tent; hut why, with the little fertil
izing material tbev possess, has not
been made clear. Just as the benefit
of green manuring has not been fully
accounted for, nor the effect of gyp
sum upon leguminous plants; all
which, and more that ia still unex
plained. bare been confirmed bv prac
tice. Now, whatever the effect of
coal ashes may be, that of gathering
or conserving moisture, I am con
vinced from experience, is a principal
one. It is known that they serve as
a good mulch. I>o they not also
have a deliquescent property and so
add to the moisture of the ground
when mixed with it, thus answering
a good purpose in a drouth ?
THK Indiana Farmer gives some
facts regarding experiments made by
Mr. James McMurray with salt upon
wheat land on his farm in Hendricks
county. He sowed salt at the rate
of 500 pounds per acre on the poor
est part ol bis field, leaving the re
maining and better portion without
this or any other dressing. The re
sult is that the crop on the salt-sown
land was slightly plumper and heav
ier than on the rest of the field,
making a difference, as he estimates
it, of about two bushels to the acre
in weight in favor of the salted por
tion. The average yield was 12
bushels per acre. The aaludresaed
crops matured five days sooner than
the other and no weeds found in the
stubble.
Pi. ASTS feed on nothing but sola*
ble food. The more soluble the food
the more readily assimilated and the
greater and more rapid the benefits
derived from the application. Of so
vital importance is this truth that
when the difficulties of application
or the cost of transportation arc not
excessive, manure may be advantage
ously converted into liquid by the
addition of water before being pi seed
at the disposal of the plant. 80 in
variably true is this principle that
plants may grow in the very midst
of a rich deposit of an elemental fer
tility and yet starve for lack of the
ver}' material surrounding them in
an insoluble and thus unavailable
condition.—Form and Garden.
A cow is not a God to create, but
only a chemist to sort out and store
up; therefore, when we demand milk
from a cow, we should feed her the
proper ingredients out of which milk
is made. The best of milk cows, if
ignorantly and scantily fed, return
small, if any, profit; a poor cow, so
fed, entails a positive loss.
As an article of food apples rank
with the potato. If families would
only substitute ripe, luscious apples
for "pies and sweelmeata a lot of sick
ness would be prevented. A ripe,
raw apple is digested In an boar and
a half; a boiled potato takes twice
that time.
Moat butter is spoiled u at the
pail," than during any other process
through which the milk and butter
passes. Tim udder la not property
cleaned, or the hands of the milker
are foal, and in many ways the milk 1
receives that which ever after remains j
to contaminate.
MORI apples are lost every Winter J
from being kept too warm than from 1
any other cause.