I'KAKLS OF THOUGHT.
►
Hope is a dream of those who are
awake.
Friendship Is woven fast by inter- j
woven benefits.
' If there is anything better'than to lie
loved, it is loving.
Anger causes us often to condemn in j
one what wo approvo of in another.
Tho kind wife who has a smile for
her husband when he comes into the
<> house will not drivo him to a saloon to
get one.
Men are guided less by conscience !
than by glory; and yet the shortest wny j
to glory is to be guided by conscience.
The prejudices of men and their fail- ,
ure to understand each other are the !
principal causes of their bitterness and
ill-temjier.
Many of our cares are but a morbid
way of looking at our privileges. We
let our blessings get moldy, and then ;
call them curses.
Though avarice will preserve n man !
from being neccssitously poor, it gen
erally makes him too timorous to be
wealthy.
There are braying men in tho world,
as well as braying asses; for what is
loud and senseless talking, any other
than away of braying ?
Tho good things of life are not to be
had singly, but come to us with a mix
ture; like a schoolboy's holiday, with a
task affixed to the tail of it.
Usually tho groatest boasters are the
smallest workers. Tho deep rivers pay
a larger tribute to the sea than shallow
brooks, and yet empty themselves with
less noise.
Lightning Uods.
A letter to the New York Journal /
Common* and the editorial reply im
pels us to make a few remarks upon u
subject of great interest to under
writers, namely, lightning rods. The
writer of the letter desires to know the
proper method of putting up lightning
rods, the proper size and material of
rods, the proper distance between
points, and how deep in the ground the
rod should go. At tjie annual meeting
of the Northwestern association in 1h77
a paper on this subject was prepared by
Professor Buskins, superintendent of
the Northwestern Telegraph company,
and published with the proceedings of
the association. It attracted consider
able attention at the time, more particu
larly from the statement that nine
tenths of all the rods in the country
were not only no protection, but were a
positive danger to the buildings they
were supposed to protect. To quote
his own words:
No philosophical apparatus has been
more thoroughly misunderstood and
misapplied than the lightning rod.
Nothing promises more and performs
less; tho men who make them; those
who put them up and the victims who
pay for theni, all alike are dealing with
what they do not understand; and the
pure haver, esjiecially, is putting his
faith in an arrangement that fails him
frequently when danger is nigh. More
still, the rod, in its faulty application,
kindles the fire it was introduced to
prevent, and actually assists in the de
struction of tho projN-rty it was intend
ed to protect.
The professor sums up briefly the re
quiiites for protection. The best rod
is copi>cr, and is seven times as good as
iron. Make the joints perfect. Don't
try to insulate it, a liecanse you can't, and
only injnre the rod by trying. Nail the
roil solid to the house. The rod will
protect, when elevated above the roof, a
circle whoso radius is the height of the
rod abovo the building. Don't invest
in gold or platinum points. Tinned
copjier is as good as any. Carry your
roils down to permanent moisture.
Otherwise they are worse than nselees,
jiositively dangerous.— Weekly Vnrler
renter.
Why Ihtrlrhr. Fat Stones.
An ostrich's digestion is aided by
stones or pebbles, which the bird puts
into its stomach to grind the food it has
eaten. This habit is bronght out by the
following narrative told in fibred ami
Stream, of a visitor's experience, while
at an ostrich farm in South Africa:
The first familiarity one of them ven
tures to take is to make a snap at our
neck. We give him a slap and stand
back.
" Oh! he's onlyafter your breast-pin,"
says the farmer; "I forgot to tell you
to keep ont of sight."
This ia easily removed, but the in
quisitive bird makes a peck at the top
button of my cost, and when I find at
last that he does not seem to be very
strong in the beak, and that this is not
his weapon of offence, I let him con
tinue the operation.
If we ask why these birds have a
passion for buttons and studs, and
bright things generally, including jack
knives, the farmer replies that they are
in the habit of eating pebbles and stones
to help digestion by the trituration of
food.
The harder the stone the hotter, and
it is probable they associate brightness
with hardness.
W'OMKN AS PHYSICIANS.
Knalla Fnr—TH> " Kiprrlmrnl " n Hur
rraa—lllicit •Itnu HtHlrlllPllla lir I.ally
I'hvalt'lnna.
Though tho actions of various legis
latures has shown that the dominant
sex is not prepared to givo women the
equality of suffrage, tlio eipial extension
of women's prerogatives und employ
ments during tho last thirty years is
enough to make tho departed advocates
of old-time conservatism turn in their
graves. Tho chango is specially marked
in medical circles. Not very long ago
a female physician was only heard of in
the ranks of quackery and jngglery,
classed with fortune-tellers and other
humbugs. The address of Dr. Rachel
Bodlev, a Oincinnatian by birth, at tho
twenty-ninth commencement of the
Women's Medical College of Pennsyl
vania, of which she is dean, has unusual
interest. Tho institution has 214 liv
inggraduates, from IH9 of whom letters
have been received in answer to in
quiries. Of those replying, all but
twenty-three are in active practice; I.V)
report that they are accorded due social
and professional recognition, and only
seven the contrary. Seventy-six tell
how much they ure making: twenty-four
between 81,(HK) and 82,000 per annum;
twenty between 8*2,000 and 85,000; ten
lietween so,oooand 81,000; five between
84,000 and 85,000; tlireo between
85,(MMl and 815,000; four from $l5,(H>O
to 820, (SMI; and ten less than 81,000.
Tho average is $2,007.50. Sixty-one
answer tho question, " What influence
has the study and practice of me licine
upon your domestic relation as wife
and mother?" Fifty-two are married,
and of these forty-live report "favor
able," six "not entirely favorable," and
one " unfavorable " The author adds:
Returning to the aniwcr.H of inarrieil
women, because these possess the
greater general interest, I remark that I
the song of domestic life, as I have lis
tened with ear at tent, lias been sung in
no minor key. In the melody are 11 few
discordant note*. I'or example, a thor
oughly conscientious mother writes
from her nursery, where three quite
young children claim the mother's min
istry: "The study of medicine is of
great benefit, but the practice often in
terferes with my duty to my family." The
clear, pare quality of the replies, as a
whole, is trtny exhilarating, for exam
ple: " Purifying and ennobling. Mar
ried a physician since I Ix gan practice.
Am the mother of a boy eight years of
age." Another: "I k<-ep bonne and
care for husband and three children as
I would if not iu practice." Another:
I have not been leu a wife or mother.
My duties as such have nov. r ben neg
lected. At times I may have been more
taxed than if I bad not tb'-se duties to j
attend to." Another wife and mother,
whose snceessfnl training of three
children, now in adult life, entitles her
to an opinion: " I think if the history
of the families of woman physicians
w. re written it would be found that
their children are well cared for, well
trained, well educated; all this and
household duties not neghrted. * * *
Women who study medicine are watch
ful and can ful." Another: "As a wife
my duties have never been interfered
with; as a mother I have been incalcul
ably benefited. • • My husliand
is also a physician. lam often enabled
to assist him with his cases, both in
diagnosis and treatment, and I often
find his advice of great s-alne to me.
We are, mutually, a help to each
other."
<>n the whole Dr. Ilodley is highly
encouraged. Hhe calls attention to the
small number of deaths among the
graduates— thirty two out of 276 in
thirty years—as a refutation of the idea
that the female constitution cannot sus
tain the wear and tear of medical prac
tice, and dilates upon the usefulness of
tlio graduates among their sex at home
and in foreign mission fields, and sum
up by declaring that the inherent vi
tality of the canse is in no manner more
thoroughly demonstrated than in the
fact that as workers fall or sleep new
! toilers arise, the ranks close solidly up,
and the work with accelerated strength
moves on. Hhe has certainly made a
good showing for ths institution with
which sits is connected.— Cincinnati
Lobster spearing In Canada.
Tlii* sport in pursued in the Indian
fa*liinn by torchlight. A dark, calm
night and a falling tide re the first
requisites, and the crew of the canoe
must conaiat of three—one to row, one
to hold the torch no that its light will
fall throngh the alia)low water and light
np the liottom to ahow the lolwtera
cronehed among the seaweed; and laat,
Imt not least, the spearer, armed with a
long wooden spear, which it requires
considerable skill and practice to drive
down ao that the two prongs will close
over the lotwter's back, captoring him
firmly, while leaving his body nnin>
jured. It is a sport both exciting and
pictnreaqne, as the boat creeps along
ttnder the shadow of the bank, and the
torch outs a Kemhrandtiah light on the
occa|iant* and on the overlianging trees.
The captive lobsters sometimes make
very unpleasant occupiers of a loat, and
it requires great equanimity to feel them
crawling about one's feet.
SCIENTIFIC HCKAFN.
A new, worm-like parasite of pork
has boon discovered by a Berlin micro -
ncopist. The organism is found crawl
ing among the muscular libers, some
times moving very actively.
A scientist in the Mmjiuine of Phar
macy asserts that tho usual physico
chemical methods of determining the
potable nature of water have proved
themselves to bo quite insufficient, and
he says that " recourse must bo had to
the microscope and to tho culturo
glasses used by physiologists in their
inoculation experiments before any
really sound and valuable knowledge
can bo gained by tho examination of !
waters," as to their purity or impurity. 1
In a brief review of a paper on the j
sanitology of odors, by Dr. John K. ■
Linsley, tho ScientiJU: American wisely !
remarks that, in view of the uncertainty
touching tho occurrence and action of
ozone in the air, it may be prudent to
wait awhile before admitting ozono to
bo quite so powerful a factor of in
dividual or national genius, health, or
social development as Dr. Linsley and
others would have us to believe.
M. Milne Edwards, in commenting
on the results of tho deep aea dredging*
in the Caribbean sea and the Gulf of
Mexico, concludes that a comparison of
the abysmal and tho littoral animals
seems to lay before us two distinct
fauna* belonging to different epochs
and climates. The animals of the shore
deposits belong to higher types. Those
of the great depths have a more ancient
character, some of them presenting
nihilities with the fossils of tho second
ary ejioch, und others recalling the
larval state of certain recent sjieries.
In the new edition of his work on the
coal fields of Great Britain, Professor
Hull states that the South Walt * coal
field, after that of the Valley of the
Clyde, is the largest in Ci.-eat Britain,
ami contains vertical strata of more than '
10,000 feet. Of this total depth only
1-0 feet are coal. As the lowest coal
bed must hare at one time been ex
posed to nir and water for the growth
of the plants which formed the coal in
their decay, the South Wales coal field
testifies to a subsidence of the earth
sufficient to have brought some of the
highest Alps to the B<s lev<w. It is only,
however, to a depth of 4,(MM) feet that,
having regard to tho increased heat of
the earth as we descend, coal can bo
won ; but even with this limitation the
supply left in the veins of the district
is sufficient to supply consumption at
its present rate for l,KO) years.
Noirlertecl Muscle.
Because thousands of spectator* dock
to the loat rac.-s, lall matches and
otln r athletic diversions that a f. w spir
ited fellows indulge in every holiday,
there is a genera! impression that mooch
is held in high c*t< m by the present
generation. Tie-truth is, that for every
man who takes |>art in the games there
are a score of s]<ctators who never will
inglv indulge in any exercise more
violent than that of cigarette smoking,
and among the remainder there are not
many who can sc • that athletic sport is
good for anything unless it enables a
man to outdo somebody else and get his
name into the newspaper*. The idea of
cultivating and maintaining muscle be
cause it deserve* good treatment and
le-cause it richly repays jts owner for
all that is done, is one that seldom gets
into the American mind. Most of our
men of good physique have cither their
parents or their daily work to thank
for it; not anything that they them
selves have intentionally done for the
purpose of securing a sound liody. It
is not the easiest thing in the world to
obtain general physical training, for
gymnasiums are few and men competent
to manage them are few.-r; but any man
can deriae some exercise for unused
muscle* that will In? a great improve
ment on nothing. Merely to swing the
arms, la nd the Imck or go through the
motions of fencing or boxing for a
quarter of an hour every day wonid
make any listless yonng fellow far bet
ter company to himaelf than ever before,
and it might pr-vent him lieing so
much of a bore to other people as list
loss fellows nstially are.— Ne>c York
; H'-rnld,
Force of llablt.
It in stated that there is one regiment
in the Hnmian army made up entirely
of American commercial drummer*.
While fighting in Central A*ia they met
one tribe that atill cling* to the old
Chinese method of fighting by beating
gongs. The regiment was on the run
when the gong corps came on the field.
The rennlt was a terrible surprise to the
Chinese. The drummers had not been
well led, and they hadn't heard a gong
since they left America. The sndden
and desperate rush they made in the di
rection from which the aonnd of gongs
came was irrcsiatibte. It was anch a
rnah as they mails for hotel dining
rooms. They swept all before them,
turning defeat into victory. lint they
were awfully disappointed when they
fonnd out why the gonga were rang.—
Bmlnn Pott.
I'OPIjUR PHRASES.
Ilow Ham* of Our Common Word* und
I'll rit am Orlifliiuted.
" Consistency's a jewel." Tho origin
of this quotation has been erroneously
attributed to Hbakespoaro. It was
originally used in an old Scotch ballad
entitled " Jolly Robin Itoughhcud."
The following iH tho verse in which the
quotation occurs:
Tush ! tush! My lassie, su<-li thoughts resign !
Comparisons are cruel;
Fine pictures suit in frames as fine,
(fonsisteucio's a Jewel,
For thee ami me coarse clothes are brat,
Itiulo folks in homely raiment ilrest.
Wife Joan ami goodman Rollins.
" Whom the godM would destroy they
first make mod." A very ancient Greek
proverb. It occurs in a note on a frag
ment of Euripides, but is probably of
much earlier date than tho Attic
dramatist. It is often met with trans
lated into Latin, and may be found
among the classic quotations in Web
ster's dictionary. In confirmation of
its great antiquity, it may be observed
that the passage, both Latin and Greek,
reads not gods, lint God or Jupiter, re
ferring it, perhaps, to the period of a
purer worship, when the Egyptian
sage* inculcated doctrine of the Divine
Unity, and the Athenians raised altars
to the unknown God.
" Bankrupt."—Few words have so re
markable a history as this. The money
changers of Italy had, it is said, benches
or stalls in the Bourse or exchange in
former times. At these they conducted
their ordinary business. When any of
them fell back in the world and became
insolvent bis bench was broken, and
the name broken l<om-h, <*>r bunko rotto
was given to him. When the word was
first adopted into English it was nearer
the Italian name than it now is, being
hankarotit instead of bankrupt.
" Bust."—This word Visconti traces
to the place of Btistum, for burning
d<-ad bodies, which was soon transferred
to the numberless images there set up.
"Blackmail."—ln ancient times the
farmers of the north of England and
the south of Scotland were compelled
to pay a certain rate of money, com,
• -attic or other things to certain men
who were allied to the robbers, to be
by thctn protected from pillage, which
was called blackmail. " Bio. k" denot
ed the low coin in which it was paid ;
or, in the moral sense, tho illegality of
thejiavment. Bent received in silver,
and for a legal purpose, was called
white money ami white rent. In the
United States this word has come into
general use as a term applied to per
sons who extort money from threats of
accusation or exposure of some alleged
offense.
" Cncle Sam."--'-The name originated
fmm Samuel \\ ilson, a laM-f.inspector
at Troy, X. Y., during the Kcvolution
ary war. He was very ]>opular with the
men in his employ, and was always
called I nele Sam. The boxes of pro
visions were shipped to a contractor
named KlWrt Anderson, and were
marked "E. A. U. S." A joking work
man was asked what these letters stood
for, to which he replied he did not
know, unless it was Elbert Ander
son and Uncle Sam. The joke took,
and afterward packages marked U. S.
were naid to Wb>ng to Uncle Sam.
" Selah." Derived from the Hebrew
word selah, to rejK>se, to be silent. It
is, however, a word of doubtful mean
ing, occurring very frequently in the
t'salma; by some supposed to signify
silence or a pause iu the musical per
formance of the song; by others, to
indicate s|>ceial attention to the sub
ject.
" Dry Wine."—That in which the sac
eharino matter and fermentation are so
exactly balanced that they neutralize
each other, and no sweetness is |>ercepti
ble. It means opposed to sweet
wine, in which the saccharine matter ia
in excess.
" Skedaddle."—This word may W
easily traced to a < ireck origin. The
Greek verb (rendered in It<>nian letters)
skedannumi, of which the root is skeda)
is use I fr< eljr by Tliucidules, Herodotus
and other Gn-ek writers in describing
the dispersion of a routed army. From
the root skeda the word akcdaddle ia
formed by simply adding the enphoni
oits termination "die," and donbling
the d, as required by the analogy of oar
language in snch words. An old ver
• sion of the Irish New Testament con
tain* the passage: "For it is written,
I will smite the nhephard. and the sheep
; of the flock shall be sqedad ol."
"Molly Magnirc."— Home fifty odd
years or more ago a joor old woman in
j Ireland had her house pulled down over
her head by her landlord. Her name
was Molly Maguire, and she died of ex-
I man re and grief. Her sons and neigh
ltors therefore formed themselves into a
society, and called it the " Molly Ma
guires," and vow<d and took fierce'ven
geance npon nnofTending landlortls
generally. The band increased rapidly,
and Irish miners brought the name to
America.
The caar's new home, the chateau of
Oatachina, ia a paradise for a hunter. A
part of the wood belonging to it is con
secrated tv bear-bunting, and U actually
hedged around, the hew being aa much
probs-ted as if he wera a fox or a pheas
ant in England.
TOPICS OF TIIK HA V.
The census of 1881 in England re
veals the startling fact that a decrease
in tho popnlution of rnral parishes in
the west of tho country is going on with j
a rapidity which threatens almost entire
de]Kipnlntion. Towns are becoming vil- I
lages and villages lmmlets, while ham
lets ure passing out of existence.
Within a few years the exportation of
apples from this country to France has
enormously increased. It is now said
that a considerable part of this useful
product comes back in the form of Nor- !
mandv cider and light claret. Late
frosts arc reported to have injured the
French apple crop, and of course this
country will be expected to supply the
deficiency in accordance with its usual
custom of providing for the world's
wants.
The number of artesian wells in New-
York city steadily and rapidly increases,
something like forty having been sunk
during the past year. Their depths
range from '2OO to '2,0!)0 feet, and the
flow ranges from 1,000 to '2,000 Isure Is
a day. These wells are used mainly by
brewers and other large manufacturers
who require a large amount of water,
and who find the artesian well water
economical lxith from its cheapness and
its coolness, which enables tbcm to dis
pensc with much ice. Usually the wells
are vertical. In one instance seven
holes wer*> drilled in different directions
and at different angles, only one being
vertical. The Imring was carried to a
depth of about 2'">o feet on the average,
the longest at an angle lieing 457 feet
deep. Water was struck in all the bor
! ings, and aii abundant supply lias been
■ obtained continuously.
__
There is always satisfaction in seeing
a man of science avoid technicalities
and come right down to good old Anglo
Raxon speech. Andwhih tun many scatter
brained impostors are endeavoring to
scare people into the belief that the
planets arc going to wreck the world
duriug this year of grace, th'-re is solid
comfort in the following letter written
by I'rofcssor Yonng, of Princeton, N.
J., to a Nebraska inquirer " Dear Kir—
It is true that Saturn, Jnpiter and
Venn* are n< ar conjunction an 1 T. near
its jwribelion. Hnt they have no influ
ence whatever of any sort on the earth.
The nonaction talk- 1 about the matter
is worthy of the dark agaa. Two tom
cats flghtin l in the streets of Pekin will
disturb the world more than all irnag
inablc plaisctary conjunctions. Your*,
G. A. You fig." That Liter ought to
keep many a good half-dollar out of the
)>ockets of f icripateticphilosophers who
are going tlg> country lecturing
to the crsvlfv f ignorant jer>pie."
The tronbl of tlio unfortunate and
jiersecnted Von Arnim, the Ger
man diplomatist, ar< ended at lust. His
death xiinruneed at Nice, France. At
the conclusion of the Franco-Prussian
war in IH7O-1, he wai appointed an am
bassador to arrange the final terms of
peace. In that connection he was
ao< used of having betrayed the interests
of his go*, rnment, offending his <-m
--jiertwr and inarlting Hisman k, f r which
he was tried by the high eonrt of Oer
raatij, found guilty and aenteneed to
five year*' exile. Count Von Arnim was
fifty-six years of age. He was a mem
ber of one of the oldest and most es
toemed families of Prussia. In private
life he was highly thonght of, being
polished and courteous, and ranking
high in literaiy and philosophical cir
cles. He was twice married, his second
wife Wing the sister of one of the richest
grandee* of the t'kermarck, the Count
Arnim Bnytzcnbnrg. He leaves one
son. who ia a lieutenant in the second
Dragoon gnards.
In hia recent lecture at the national
fishing exhibition in Norwich, England,
Professor Huxley said a great many in
teresting things about that prolific and
valuable frieod of man, the herring.
Ho described tins fish a* occupying a
place in natural history almost unique
in itself, which still to a certain extent
pnz/.le* biologists. Practical men may
J have little difficulty in determining
whether a given fish is s herring or not;
| but scientific zoologists, looking a little
deeper, have not always succeeded in
drawing a hard and fast line between
the herring, the sprat, the shad and the
pilchard. One thing ia oertain, that,
by whatever name the fish is called, the
number* on the English coast are enor
mous, and so long as climatic conditions
remain the same, the supply is practi
cally inexhaustible. Calculating by the
evidence of fiahermen, a " shoal" of
herring may contain more than .VXi.OOO,-
(ttiu fish, and as many shoals are ob
served year after year, not only on the
English coasts, bat on those mijaoeat,
the number of good herrings in any one
year must be reckoned by billions
It is discouraging to learn that of all
the essays submitted to the judges who
were appointed to award the interna
tional price of two thousand marks, of
fered by the Empress Augusta of Aus
tria, for the beet work on diphtheria, I
. not one contained any new fact with r©- 1
gard to the origin, nature or treatment
of the diiearc, and that the prize wax,
therefore, not awarded. A new offer i*
now made to the* mod teal profession
throughout the world, for " experiment,
al researches into the cause of diphthe
ria, accompanied by cm-ay* njor the
practical d<duction* to he derived from
thoeo investigation*." The committeg
will give the decision upon the work*
offered in thin new eompeiion upon Hep
Umber JMt, JHH2. The monej value of
the prize will, of course, furnish no in
due merit to learned and skillful men
to prosecute thi* inquiry, but the hope
of doing si great service to humanity,
and the fume which would follow a
valuable contribution to the meager
knowledge of thi* scourge ought to in
sure important results from the compe
tition.
The surgeons of the marine hospital
servire ure now confining their examin
ations as to color blindness to men do
signing to enter the pilot service of the
country. All the pilots of steam vessels
in the Lnited Htates were examined
list year before their licenses were
granted them. The theory then and
now entertained by the tretwury depart
ment, under whose direction these ex
aminations are made, that color blind
ness was hereditary, promises to change
a belief that it may also be acquired.
The department bases it* first theory on
export testimony. It is asked to change
it by expert*. In his address before
the board of supervising inspectors of
the steamboat inspection service, not
long ago, Dr. B. Joy Jeffries, of Boston,
said: " ('olor blindness, beside being
congenital and hereditary, may lie ac
quires]. It is a symptom of some dis
eases of the brain and the optic nerve.
Men, after any exlisusting disease, like
typhoid fever, should 1-e tested 1-efor--
again resuming their duties. The neces
sity of periodic examinations, for in
stance, with pilots as often at they are
relieenned, is thus readily understood.
Thi* is quite aside from the net easily
of testing their visual power, which
may have decreased from many causes
during the preceding year. Injuries
*lut the heal, such as sailors and rail
road employes ar<- |articulrly subject
to, may cause diminished color j-eroep
tion. Alcohol and tobacco produce a
deterioration of the vision and color
-enso." The treasury department lia*
not yet accepted this theory. It con
siders steam I-oat travelers safe, so far
as pilots are concerned, when the latter
have 1-een proven possessed of j-erfect
color sense by one examination.
Minor Trial* of thi* life.
Trying to recollect the aton- you left
your umbrella in.
Losing p-nknifc.
Losing cane.*
First grease spot on pantaloons.
Khirt buttons found wanting on cold
morning.
Mosquitoes.
Flies.
Bugs.
I ncut books and magazines.
Getting shaved.
Full l*arber shop when yon are in a
hurry to IK- shared.
Hons-- hunting.
Piano practice in next room.
A coord eon, flute, violin, next room.
Newspaper with five supplements.
Trying to interest girl who want* the
other man.
Hand organ*.
Trying to tidk to an " Oh, dear P
"Oh, my!" and " Oh, rsn't that nice I*
girl.
Trying to save money.
Hcmembering what a fool you made
of yourself when tight hurt night.
Heading Tour own love letters when
I it was very tiad and yon were not ex
! pectesl to recover.
Tumbling upstair*.
Tumbling downstairs.
Conundrums.
Pans.
Kickety chain.
1,-eatlurT steak.
Old bill against you forgotten.
! Tootliacbe.
Trying to write home because it's
your duty.
Atmosphere of stove-heated railroad
! cars in winter.
Cold feet.
Making a purchase at one ahop and
aeeiog Uie article marked fifty per ocnt.
cheaper at the next.
Having your aab-box stolen.—JVW
Fori Graphic.
Hlelgli I tells---How Made.
It hss no doubt been a mystery'to
many how the iron ball inside of sleigh
bells got them, and it is said to have
taken considerable thought on the part
of the discoverer before the idea struck
him. In making sleigh bells the iron
ball ia put inside a sand 00r.% just the
shape of the inside of the bell. Then a
mold is made just the shape of the out
side of the bell. This sand core, with
the jinglet inside, is placed in the mold
of the outdds, and the melted metal I*
poured in. whiob fills up the spaoe be
tween the core and the mold. The hot
metal burns the core so that it can be
all shaken out, leaving the hell within
the shell. Ball valves, swivel joints,
sad many other articles are east in the
same manner.