Wilson, McFarlane .( l Co., Hardware Dialern.
IEI.A.IRvID'W" AHE!
WILSOIST, McFAHT,ANTC & CO.
DEALERS IN
STOVES, RANGES ? HEATERS.
ALSO
Paints, Oils, ft lass and Varnishes,
AND
IBTTIX.IDEAS' HARDWARE.
ALLEOIIKNY BTRKKT, .... HUMES' BLOCK, .. .. HKLLKFONTK. PA.
Cosiness Curds.
HA UN ESS MAN U F ACTOKY
in (lartnau'a Block,
BKLIJCFONL K. PA I I>
\? P. BLAIR,
1 • JEWELER,
WATCHES, CLOCK 4, JSWKLKT, AC.
AH work neatly On Allegheny
under Brockarhon llouie. 4-tf
DEALERS IN PURE DRUGS ONLY.
2 | ZELLKR A SON, i
ts f 1 a DRVOOIHTS.
31 No ft. llrorkrh.>lT Row. £
2 All the Standard Fat--n Mdlcin.- I'r- <
£ wrl|.tlon and Family K.-<l|>* accurately I .
fc prv|arL. Truaac.., SIIUNII<T llracca, Ac., Ac. "
r* tf 5
I oris DOLL,
FASHIONABLE BOOT A SHOEMAKER,
Brackcilioff How, AK.ghvny "tle t,
|_lj B-dl-fonta. Pa.
0. nvMU, Piaa't. 1■ T. maun. Cnah'r.
17IRST NATIONAL HANK OF
I BELLEVONTK,
ALLEGHENY Street, Bellefonte, PA. 4-tf
/VENTRE COUNTY BANKING
\J COMPANY.
Receive Dejxwita
And Allow Interest,
Bi'"uu t Note*;
Buy and Sell
Qov. gecnrltiea,
Gold and Coupon**
JEWRA A. Blivim, President.
J. D. BHroEiT. t'webier.
TRAVELER S GUIDE.
BELLEFONTE A SNOW SHOE
R. R Tima-TaMr In effect on and after March
1,1 Ha I :
Leatoa Snow Shoe 6.H1 A. .,arrivrß In Bellefonle
7.114 *. M.
Leave. Itellaf.nto 9.12 a. M., arrive, at Snow Shoe
II 2.7 a.a.
Loavea Snew Shoe U0 r.*.,arrives In Bellafonte
4.20 r. a.
Leave. Bellefonte 4.45 r w., arrives at Snow Shoe
7.24 r. a. S. S. BLAIR, Gen I Superintendent.
BALD EAGLE VALLEY RAIL
ROAD.—Tuue-Tatle, April !**•>:
Exp. Mail, waarwaan. iaarw*ao. Evp. Mall,
a.a. r. a. "• a.a.
% 10 7 i/J Arrive a* Tyrone Leave ... 7 72 4.
*l6 55 le*ave Kat Tyrone Leave... 7 So A M
759 661 " Vail " ... 742 I" .7*
755 6*7 " Bal l Eagle " ... 747 S (T2
•7 4. 6 .46 " Fowler " ... 7 H
742 6 .11 " Hannah " ... 7V, 9 1.1
7 625 " Port Matilda " ... 00 919
711 617 " Martlia " ... *O7 925
7IS 61* •• Julian " A I". 9 2
7 9 457 " t'alonrllla " ... S 2.1 999
700 54* ...... " Snow Shoe In " ... 595 945
6 .76 &45 ...... " Mlleaburg " ... Sl4 947
845 5 .15 " Bellefonle " ... s4l 957
615 525 ...... *' Mlleaburg " ... IM 1"
621 516 " Curlln " ... 9"510 19
615 610 ...... " Mounl Eagle " ... 912 10 '2".
5 9 501 ...... " Howard " —9210 '7
111 460 " Eaalevllle " ... n I I
550 445 ...... " Be. h Creek " ... 94010 54
5 .14 433 " Mill Hail " ... 95411 16
629 430 " Flemlngtoa " ... 9 .17 11 20
624 425 " Lock llaren '• ...10 01 II '24
PENNSYLVANIA RAILKOAD.
I —(Philadelphia and Krie Divi*i n.>—Ot and
nftai l>w>nibfr 12, 1*77 :
WKSTWARIL
ERIE MAIL!*▼• Phtla*! >lpbU...e. 11 V, p rn
M H*rrihurg 4 m
•• M Wili|*mport 1 .V> aro
u " Lirk llvm s44**l*
M ** RenoTa MM ... 10 66 i m
•' irrttw at Erie .. 7 3A pn
.NIAGARA EXPRES* \**%f Philadelphia.. 7 2T urn
DirrkNig . 1 km
" ;• Wllliiaiaport. S'JV'pm
•• arrive* at Kcnoro 4 40 p IT.
pMwn(pn by thi trmin arr.ve in Bell**
fonte at 4 36 p n
FAST LINE Iph'm Philadelphia. 11 4 a m
flarrUhnrg I Si p 'n
" ** W|ll|lMl*tK>rt
" irrirN t Lock Haven s 4> p m
r. \-T\r am>.
PACIFIC EXPRESS Itwrea ls*k Hwn f. in m
*• M Wil!inv|wirt... 7 Uim
** rrl*N it Hnrrtbnr|r...... 11 Man
Philadelphia.... 1 4S p m
PAY EXPRESS Urn
•• M lAk lUvtn. 11 2iii n
" M WillUmtporl 12 40 a m
M irrlvNit IlirriihiirK 4 lop m
•• M Pliilad'-lphia 720 p m
ERIE MAIL I**TM lUnow.. R .v> p m
" Lnrk IIIVPII O 4:. PRN
M •• WillUmaport 11 p m
" irritN it llarTisbtirK 2 45 n m
•• " Philnda-lphU 700a O)
FART LINE WillUmaprwt 12 .16 ft m
** ftrriviw ft! llirrtdmrK. 3 M m
•* •* PhllftiUlphU 7 36 ft m
Eri# Mftll W#wt. Niftgftrft EtprM Wt, |xrk Hftvwn
W*t. and py KiprM V**t, m*kft
rkwM t with L. A B. R
R. train* for Wilkrtharr* and Rrranton.
Erl Mail Wt, NUeara F.xproft and Eri*
Exprrwa Wit, and laock llftv*n Arcnmmodation M'at.
makft do** ronoocUon at witn N.C. R
W. train* nnrth.
Erl# Mftll Wftftt, Nlftgr Expr*ft WHI, and Pay
Eiprw* Ea*t, mak# rlw# ronncrtion at Lock Haven
With B F. V R R train*.
Eri# Mall Bat and Wwt eonn#ct at EH# with train*
on L S. A M. S R R.. at Corry with 0 C A A. Y. R
R-. Rmpnrinm with B. *. Y. A P. R. R., an I at
PHftwood with A V H R
Purlnr ran will run b#tw##n PhiladHphift and
Williampr>rt on Niftgara W#t, Erl# Eipr#w
W#at, Philadelphia Fxpr#M Raat and Day Expr*a*
Fa*t, and Rnnday Expr#a* F*#t Rlo#ping -am on all
eight train*. Wn. A. BILDWIB,
o#n*l Bap#Hnt#nd#at.
CIIRAKD HOUSE,
I CORNER CHESTNUT AND NINTH STREETS,
NH4MMIA
Thle h.nee prominent In a Hty tamed for It. com
fortehla hotela. la kept In eeery reapeet eqnal to any
ffrat-elaaa botaM In tha ronntry. Owing lo tka atrtn
geneyot the tlraea, tha prlea of board he. been reduced
ta rnaaa nium par day. J. M KIHRIN,
I-*-** Managar
M 0 Nf E Y To Ij ° n per ct.
JUU4IUI BT THE MUTUAL LIFE IR9UR
ANC 00. OF NEW TORE, „ B 6ret mortgaga, on
in.peeved farm proparty. In anma not lam than tt,non,
and not axcaading ona-thlrd at Iba preeent value of
the property. Any portion of tha prlnrlpal can he
paid off at any U, and It haa been the caatom of tha
ompany to parmlt tha principal to remain aa long aa
tha borrower vrtabaa. If tha lataowt la promptly paid.
Apply to
CIIARI.ra t. SHmiMAIV. Attomeyatdaw.
427 Conrt atrvwt. Iteadlag, IhL,
or to DAVID Z. KI.IIf E, Oo.'i Appratmr,
t-tf RallaAmtA. Fa.
ri ILMORE A CO.,
V M LAW AMD COLLECTION IIOfIE,
629 F STRUT, WAIMINOTON, D. C.
Make floltarttone. Negotiate Loan, and attend to alt
I main am con&ded lo Ibam. LAND SCRIP. Soldier.
Additional Homevrtaad Right, and LAND WARRANTS
I ought and aold. 4a-tf
f r 4* ft# A per day at home. Sam plea worth 14
y0 LO y <6U free Add rem A. BTJNBON t CO,
FortUnd, Maine. 9-ly
I'ro/'rH.sloiial Curds.
HA. MC-KKK.
a I I rOBRVT tr LAW.
42-lf dfllca np|oi in Court llona.*, Bcll#ft>tile, Pn
FIELDING,
I LAW AND COLLECTION IIKFICK,
12 ly ULKARFIKI.It, PA.
\Y A. MORRISON,
"F I ITTORNKY.AT-I.AW
IIKLLKMINTK. I'A
Of*j i-: \\ iHNlrlnit'* B1 •k . ; j•. t llictDuri II 11*r .
I'oiisultafi<>n In Ki(k 'i*W or 2-ly
C. T. ALK!ABDUL C. M. BOWKK.
V LEXANDER A BOWER,
■l ATTttRNEVS AT LAW,
■Wlaßmla, P . may b# twtmallad la ftgUR ~r tie,
man. Office in llarman'a lliiiltling. I -ly
ttvut.uutr. 2. wcat.av OtrHiiT.
OEAVKU & GETIIAKT 9
* ATTORNEY* AT LAV
Ofll'-# on All#ghnny tr < t, m>rth . f High. Itrlliw
fonl#, I*a. j.j.
nV. FORTNEY,
a ATTORN KT-VT-I. AW,
IIKLLEFUNTK, PA.
lai.t d<ir to the left 11, ||,e Court II."2-lj
JOHN BLAIR LINN,
*' ATTORN KV A1 LAW,
Bt I I.KFoNTF. PA
Offlr© Allegheny PtrH,orir Pt4 Other. '*! 1-1 x
I L. SFANGLEU,
tl a ATTORNEY \ T I AM
BELLEFONTE. 1 LNTKKtoi NTY. PA
Sf-*-|al a'l. ntion to tion.. |.ra< tl •. In all the
t'tiurle; C.'n.illlatb'tie In <irmat. r K r'.lvb. 1 ly
nG. KELLER.
a ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Offlr# on Allegheny ."Irnst N>U|h nl# of Iy> n'
•tor#, B#ll#fbnt#, Pa. 1-iy
T H uraaxT. RTKT a OOKPO!*.
MURRAY a CORDON,
ATTORN EVA- AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD PA
Will attend th# It)MMiU ( • *s wb#B IfMN i*'l9
employed. 1 )y
r p C. HirPLE.
I a ATTOP.NET AT LAW
ll* K HAVEN. PA
All tmiUeaa promptly attemJrd to. l ly
IC.M. r. MITCHELL,
* F PR o ri- ti -''.IT TOR
I** k II AA EN. PA .
16 ill attend to all • rk In Clearfield, Caotr# and
CI I r> too r'-unti"*.
Offlr* opposite I/vk Haven Nati nal Bank. 'JIV-ly
W C. HEINLE,
*' a ATTORNEY AT I.AAV.
R ' LI . ■ ATE. PA
Offle# In Conrad Hon*#, Allegheny !reet.
Spodil ottaotlo .It r t tb Qpllactloß of claim*
All k#lnM atteodfd t promptly 21-1 31
w. a. wxiLari. p. t. ca Kß v.
WALLACE A KKEIIS,
V V ATTORNETS-AT LAW,
t LS. Al'.Htl.D P A
Will attend and try ranted *t Bellefonte when epe
dally retained. 1-iy
WILLIAM McCULLoniH,
' ATTORNEY AT LAW.
CI.EAISFIU.D, PA
All bn*ln* promptly attendesl t<- 1 ly
nil. JAS. 11. DOBBINS, M. I).,
PHYSICIAN AND M'RHKON,
• Ifflcw Allegheny St.,o**r 'falgler • l>mg Htryfe,
6-tf UKLLbFO.NTE. PA.
nB. J. W. RHONE, Dentist, can
h# fund at hie offlre and rrtdrf>r* #t|j \mrth
•id* of High tfwet three iiNir Ut t>f Allegheny,
Bellefonte, Pa. Ite-ly
CANCER REMOVED,
WITHOUT KNIFE, ami in most
V v caae# ith jut |H%in. Ai*p!r to
,C. W. P. ri.HHKU. iVwklfff nrg
12-3 m* Centre Crmntv. Pa.
A STRENGTHENER.A SU^^^ER.
I ItOX BITTERS are highly recommended for all di*eawa re
quiring a certain and efficient tonic ; especially Indigrrtiem, Itytpepna, Inter
mittent Fever *, Wrtnt of Appetite. Ixte-t of Strength, Ijnek of Energy, eir. F.nrirhe*
the blood, strengthen* the muscles, and gives new life to the nerve*. They act
like a charm on the digestive organ*, removing all dyspeptic symptoms, "such
a* Tutting the Food, Fetching, Ilenl n the Stnmneh, Heartburn, etc. The only
Iron Preparation that will not hlneken the teeth or Rive
headache. Hold by all druggist*. Write for the ABC Book, 32 J>J>. of
useful and amusing reading— tent free,
BKOWX CHEMICAIj CO., Baltimore, Md.
UTTERS
II ALBERT R, PAIN*
Ula Cnaamlaahmar of Paunu
RINJ. P. GRAFTON. STORY R. LA DP
PATENTS.
PAINE, OIUFTON LAUD,
Attorneyt ai lyav) and Miatort Amenta*
and Foreign Patent,
412 FIFTH HTRBRT, WASHINGTON, D, C.
Pmrlto* pnlael law la all ITA bnuiabm la tha palaat
•"P""" and Clfmlt Ounrw of tha
t nlud Slatm. Famphtvt aaad DM. 4Stf
Xrw Ad vert litem entn.
I I .J. HAKKR A BKO.,
1 1 • HAivrtcniuui or
COMPLETE MANURES,
roa
POTATO KM, (\\ BBAOE, COKN, OATS,
WIIKAT, FItIJIT TRKKM,
AND E\ RRY i \KM CROP.
Maium s nr< |r*|^ir.-*1 i'|Mc||)ly for vm It
crop, lonliiinlnK Inn r n< i-utmli <1 form Ju*l
ill© plniit Lhml, lu iln rxin t proportion*, r*"|tilr©l to
prouttre a lnrg- y.
Tiny C'll LAP Kit TIMS STABLE MAM'ItKH,
ttrtxliu Irigr much Litter nml more certain imnillm
Y*ar of to Lt trial hn\< piovvtl Una to tia tli correct
•>airtu of fi-rtill/atloii
AUo tiiauufi'tiirm ( lin|iorlcr* an 4 dealer* In
Prime Agricultural Chemicals,
HTKIOTI.Y
PURE GROUND BONE,
Hri.I'IIATR OK \MMoNIA,
NITIIAO: 01 MiOA.
MI inai t: <>i i-or\u.
SVI.I'II \TK or POTASH.
A< II niosriiA 11 **,
i.AMI I'l.Asrru.
|-i)TA-ll MALTS. A
gIAI.ITV QL'AH A.N 7 I l.lr.
rirctilnm full particular*and • ont# ninn fart*
itil< rwUiif to lanii'M, muilm) on applhatloti.
Itahnt OfTira a:n Pearl St.. New York.
/ tEXTKAL HOTEL,
Vy (I)p, s.t. the ftnllrna'l Mation.)
MILIIIT.<J, KM UK rot NT Y, PA
A. A. KoIILBK(*K KB, Proprietor.
TlinotT.ll TKWI I.KIW . n the rail road * ill find
ttils Hotel nil exi . 11.1,1 pi„ t, )iin<-h, ut |r*-are h
u.aat aa ALL TRAIN?* stop a*nt *.' ruinut.w. 47
$f f) A W KKK sll a ,U\ th im wilt rn.vL
cnti) Outfit d i rHUE ACO * .
gtist i. Nsltll • • i %
rrx m.- 4 t/ .. jubbbi
Ilio ll'un | tad Li s! M dlrine ver Made.
Acolmbttuu' n if Mops* Burhu, Miin
drakle *> i Dandelion, *-• mi to. i- tno t
Hi -.t cluratlif \ rt'ea .<f all idharr Hit term,
ink. a%tbetnva*. *t Blood Purifier, Liver
'• ! < llMiUi ikatvruif
Ag.-ui r J
mi
lUttr* . .if 1 aud t arc IL'tr
tut £•' it!TlcwtjtM 1£1! tti itlra.
IT. .ft;., i-.nrl. urtiuinr ■ .r t. . r<"
XX .
II HttU r ui Without IntOl-
Icating. sadk
h . r wht.T or
ar- • eat I
tef • n't wa.t unt .1 t..j %rw air a hut If jr -a
.t "l"' 1
§3OO |M f> raetl** they will n<A
'
|' HUD B
!l< -wmtrr II p Ihttri t {•
■
Midi *|r ma > t • fUtUl
and SOTC** ar.i : . rfcuU or familjr^W
I o i.c
r i
H i.ar *. • A.l • I 1 -
| M
Battlo Crook, Michigan,
MAnrracrvajEjui or tos OULT Gcntriint
piHditWi|g
threshersT^^^^
Traction and Plain Engines
and Horse-Powors.
Meat C'sapMr Tkrrskir I'adary \ Cihlblllhed
Is tkr Herld. 1 1848
OA YCADC
I I kAnd
WaL iit Inrati'in. m "tvi %f>" d
■ brv+*i learraa/y yissa CMS U c wr yaodt.
lAE-POWn fIVABiITORM • 1
( nmpli tr "irnw Oulflls 7 auvAb Wirt##.
fiswtTmrilan RBglwrsu 'l I'lnin Lngitirs
fTor gerti tn th* Am'-n.*jj m*ra<t
A r\*U4tw f# / iff ietl f* sd imf rssimiali
1' T lei-tiveih"* with he gva/otee la r*>sXr.
lirm as T SM/RRTNH r. T <l(tn -f HJ • 4|K r TUAKR-RA
I'.mr AT//"* R F R fn>tn B to 12 horae
ennnnty. /or /n-s or aim ******
Tw- atyWw "f M Mntmtad A ||ofwxfViVrt
7RAA fIPA I'rrt of ?M-|cr|rd I nrrtw r
,tA/U,UVV /, MlLlinvpuis.r dnwh
(YUotxniiv no hi*i f, fritt whkh 1* l*il X th- to
conn *rLV" -rk "f our piafhinrrr
TRACTION ENGINES4b
t,.u.
Frmrr naS TkfWlimMl (N IfitlWl s
lOVWtls-.tr siu. ty.trhU; Thrrihimr MftrblnoT.
OUvuUf* frrsh Adi'.iwaa
NICHOLS. 6HCPAKO A CO.
■attic Crook, MlcMW*n*
ST. XAVIEIt'S ACADEMY,
NEAR LATROBK, PA.,
■VEARtBr half a Century old, from
X. X which thw Mart m| cnltlm*U torn*
MwwtHMlM.hr .n"ttr&Sß TftattaJTh
%ZZJXi mlm,tu4 " '•■ T ~">
AAlrnw A ISTmA Of WSOCT.
w B<wU,'. p. 0 , Wnlßoral.ad wont,, h
(lARMAN'B HOTEL,
VX OppMlt*Coart II.IW*, UKI.LKroXTB, PA.
TISMS ti rta DAT.
A fowl Urttf uimM I.]
aht (T nitre .fimocrai
fcO
♦
BKLLKKONTK, l'A.
AGBICtrLTtriIAL.
NKWH, FACTS AND HUUUKHTIONB.
tit TAUT vr Till K>Tlb*At. ILrHK 111 Till ISTCLU
**<•* Alio TKosrciinr or nit titmi
Every tanner* in hit annual er/irrienre
dmcovert ■minething of value. Write it awl
nend it In the "Agricultural Editor of the
DKMIICKAT, Jieltefonte, I'tnn'a," that other
(armem may hart the. lienijit nj it. l.et
comrnunuuitwnt be timely, and be sure that
they are brief and welt /minted.
SRCRKTAHY KIDIK lias placed IIH
under obligations for a copy of the
Eleventh Quarterly Report of the
•State Board of Agriculture.
TIIOSK who intend using commer
cial manures will do well to consult
the advertisement of 11. J. linker A
15t0., to be found on this page.
KIM. the dog first ami hunt for his
owner afterwards, is the method of
certain Georgia farmers who mean to
make sheep mi-nig profitable, and it
is ns good a method for Centre county
as for Georgia.
TIIE present is a good time to
destroy insects which harbor beneath
the bark of trees. Scrape oir the
bark and then wash the trunk and
lower limbs with strong soap suds,or
with a solution of potash, or even
with lye from wood ashes, but do not
use whitewash.
THE great importance of an abun
dant supply of pure, wholesome wa
ter on farms is very forcibly put in
an article which we reprint from the
Chirayo Time* in another column of
this page. It is a subject which im
peratively demands the attention of
every man who lives upon a farm.
Ir you have not already selected
your tobacco land for the season.
I>ear in mind, when you come to
decile, that the hearirtt rroju can In
grown upon bottom-land, deep, rich
and heavily manured; but the heel
qu ility is rnised upon high land, loam
or gravel, plowed shallow, well ma
nure 1 ami thoroughly worked. The
latter often brings in the market twen
ty-five to fifty per cent, more than
the former.
DR. It. E. SALMON has, under the
direction of the Department of Agri
culture, lrcon making a writ s of ex
periments for the prevention of what
is commonly known as chicken chol
era. The result of these experiments,
with the Doctor's conclusions, and
directions for prevention, are pul>-
lished by the Department in a con
densed (orm, in advance of the r< gu
lar report, that the poultry interests
of the country may have the l-cncfit
of the:n for the present season. We
shall try to find room for the more
important parts of the paper next
week.
IT seems to be the natural condi.
tion of fowls to have lice on them,
and perhaps it is impossible to keep
them at nil times entirely free from
them. The extent to which these
vermin arc allowed to prevail, bow
ever, in many instances seriously de
tracts from the comfort and profit
which the farmer's flock should yield.
It is comparatively easy to keep them
in check by a little watchfulness and
care. One of the lrest means is to
use refuse tobacco plentifully in the
nests, and particularly those of the
sitting hens. Wherever tobacco is
grown the refuse is abundant. Those
to whom this is not accessible can
buy a little cheap tobacco, steep it
and soak the straws of which the
nests are to lie made in the strong
liquor. It is very effective.
Eat the Eggs and Sell the Meat
Eggs arc now bringing a very low
price In the market, and farmers, who
produco them, and who arc fully en
titled to the first choice for their own
table, of all they produce, can better
afford to eat than to sell them. Here
is the theory, and we confirm it by
practice:
The principal composition of an
XU albumen, from a Latin word,
—white. Albumen, or albumin
oids, are the great flesh-forming con
stituents, snd sre hence necessary for
the formation of muscles, nerves snd
other tissues. A doxen of eggs st
10 cents Is better value than 'if lbs.
of beefsteak at 10 cents a pound, or,
sav, 98 cents; and this is making all
allowance for the beef, such as hav
ing no bone, and of tbe primesl qual
ity, rich and juicy. A dozen of me
dium-sized eggH weigh aboul 1 pound
10 ounces; deducting 2 ounces for
HIH-IIM would leave 21 ounces,aponnd
and a-half of solid material. The
ratio of albuminoids in the best meat
and an egg is as 7to 12$, which would ,
be that a pound of egg equals nearly
1 1 pounds of the best meat. Of
course there are other elements en
tering into the composition of both
meat and eggs, but the relative values
are sufficiently shown by tbe nllni- i
ininoids, without going into an elab
orate analysis.
For instance, the yelk of an egg
contains .'lO per cent, of fat, and 14 ;
per cent of caseine; and meat may I
vary in its fat and albumen ; but '
whichever way the question is put,
the egg contains the best proportion j
of nitrogenous and carbonaceous ele- !
incuts, and at less than one-half the i
cost of meat. No distinction has j
been made here between scrum and j
egg albumen, as such difference would '
only IK- technical, and no practical
benefit to the general reader.
The Water Supply of Farms.
During the past few years much j
attention has been devoted to the
matter of supplying large towns with
an abundance of pure water. In
some instances the water has been
conducted twenty or thirty miles, in
order to obtain tlint which contains
few impurities. Great attention has
also Im-i u given to its distribution, so
that the |>oor may have it in abund
ance and at a small cost. Numerous
filters have been invented and brought
into general use. Special pains have
la-en taken to furnish pure running
water, not only for horses, but lot
flogs. In many cities costly foun
tains have been erected in paiks and
along the streets where there is the
most travel, so that horses, dogs and
men may at any time quench their
thirst without trouble or loss of time.
On most farms, however, there has
been little improvement in the matter
of supplying water for domestic pur
poses or for the use of stock. The
pump has generally taken the place
of the old-fashioned well sweep anil
bucket, ami the numlx-r of windmills
for the purpose of raising water for .
stock bos increased, particularly in
the best dairy districts. Little at
tention, however, lias In-en given to
utilizing tbe water afforded by springs
anil streams. A large proportion of
the wells on farms are in jK>or condi
tion. Their walls are formed of
round stones, ami a space exists lc
--twi en the wall and the platform on
whi<ui the curb rests. Through this, ,
leaves, grass, dust, and small animals i
enter and contaminate the water.
These wells are seldom cleaned out
till their contents Is come so offensive
as to attract general attention. The
filth that is allowed to accumulate in
farm wells, that supply water not
only to stock but to the mernls-rs ol
the household, is too sickening for
consideration. It consists of ail
kinds of decaying vegetable matter,
including manure, as well as of ani
mal matter in all ttages of decompo
sition. Rabbits, rats, mice, ami vari
ous sorts of reptiles are not unfre
ijucntly drowned in wells, and remain
there for many months.
The location of most wells that
supply water for household purposes
is most unfavorable for the purity of
their contents. They are, in many
cases, near tin- t cnU r of a space that
has a privy, pig pen, cow yard, and
the outlet oi a sink s|mut, on the
several corners. There is no drain
for carrying otr the* surplus water,
saturated as it is with every variety
of filth. The earth through which
the well passes may is- tenacious clay,
and in that instance it may be so
nearly impervious to moisture tht
little of tlie surface water, with the
various substances dissolved in it,
over enters it.* In many cases, bow
ever, the earth through which the
well passes is sand, or largely com
posts! of sand and gravel, which al
lows surface water to pass through it
with the greatest readiness.
The location of wells from which
water is drawn for the supply ol do
mestic animals is infinitely worse
than that of wells for furnishing
water for human beings. These wells
are ordinarily in some portion of the
barnyard, and arc often in the center
of it. On every side of them are
pools of stagnant surface water, the
urine of cattle, horses, hogs ami
sheep, and the leaching of dung-hills.
The walls, platforms and curbings of
these wells receive less attention than
those of the wells from which wnter
is obtained for the use of the house
bold. The well from which water ia
obtained for atock is rarely cleaned
out till the water it lurniahca becomes
so vile that animals will not drink it
unless they are compelled to do so by
being deprived from access to a weil
or stream.
Still this water becomes converted'
into milk, which, as a matter of
coarse, contains all the impurities
taken np by the cows with their
drink. These impurities pass into
cream, and from that into hatter.
This being the case, it should be no
marvel that most of the butter made
on farms, and especially that made
during the season that cows are kept
in close quarters, has an unpleasant
odor and flavor. Tba wonder ia that
it* teste and smell do not cause it to
be rejected altogether as an article of
food. It Is quite Um* that tho Inter
est in tha matter of tba water supply,
that has been recently awakened in
large cities, should extend to fauna
from which the people of tow ns ob
tain their supply of food. Not only
the people who live on farms, but,
those who reside in cities, are inter
ested in the matter of pure water in
the country.
How Tanners Generally Keep Poultry.
FfOtVl th Slu* ii>mu
f I he common barn yard fowl, or
dung-hill, is devotedly believed in by
the majority as the best and most
profitable. The reason assigned is
that they are hardy, and stand the
winters letter, and are not so much
bother to keep. Of course it is un
derstood they have to look out for
themselves, and scratch for their own
living, no matter if it is In a wheat
field or a grain stack. With the un
derstanding that they are barely tol
erable about a place, or are a sort of
necessary evil for the womenfolk and
the ho) s, they become exj>ert at
dodging clubs and stones hurled at
them by the good man when they get
into mischief. Such a training, of
course, renders them about as domes
ticated as a .March hare, am! every
time any are wanted for use there is
as much racket around the yard, with
dogs and boys, as there would lie at
an ordinary fox hunt. The weight of
these thoroughbred dunghills will lie
about three or four pounds of pretty
coarse, tough meat, while some of the
improved breeds, with proper care
and attention, would exceed seven
and eight pounds of highly flavored,
juicy meat.
Of course, with no proper accom
modation for hous( s and nests, the
hens have to look around and ex'-r
--ei-e a good deal of judgment in order
to get a place to deposit their tgg-.
As they generally suit their own
convenience, the fowls are riot par
ticular where they lay, and this ne
cessitates |/criodical egg hunts by the
younger meiiitx rs of the family; un
der the burn, in horse mangers, on
hay-mows, behind the hog pen, under
a burdock, and every conceivable
place around tle premises. When
the nests are found, of course it is
not known in what stage of incuba
tion they may l>e—probably too far
advanced to make a nice omelet, arel
not far enough hatched for a spring
chicken. However, the store is the
receptacle of all, and as nobody cries
stinking fish, they arc sold a- nice
fresh eggs.
The roosting places for poultry
generally are in trees, around the
house, in stables, sheds, hog pens, or
any where they can get a foot-bold.
They are free-commoners in tin gran
ary, hay-mow, and every place else,
and actually destroy more than they
are worth, just lor the want of suit
able accommodation. It is not un
frequcnt to find buggies, implements,
machinery, etc., so littered and ucfii
c I with hen manure that lliey have to
undergo a thorough cleaning lieforc
they are fit for use. Keeping poultry
after this fashion don't pay.
K f, ep the M-lk Pure.
Milk. In ing full of oilv matter.ffad
holding albuminoids and sugar in so
lution, offers to every specie# of fer
ment just what in roost desirable lor
it to flourish in. Kvery odor that
come# in contact with milk i# grasp
ed and taken in at once, and its grasp
is never slackened ; once taken in, it
is there permanently, and the seeda
of every® ferment that touches its
surface find such a fertile soil to
flourish in that they spring at once
into vigorous growth and multiply
and quickly leaven the whole lump."
The peculiar smell of a cellar is
indelibly impressed upon all the but
ter made from the milk standing in
it. A few puff# from a pipe or a
cigar will scent all the milk in the
room, and a smoking lamp will soon
do the same. A pail of milk standing
ten minutes where it will lake the
scent of a strong-smelling stable, or
any other offensive odor, will imbibe
a taint Hint will never leave it. This
may seem like descending to little
things, but it must be remembered
j that it is the sum of auch little
things that determines whether the
products of the dairy are to be sold
at cost or below, or as a high-priced
luxury. If milk is to he converted
into an article of the latter class, it
must le handled and kept in clean
and sweet vessels, and must stand in
pure, fresh air, such as would be de
sirable and healthy for people to
breathe.
NEITHER soap nor anything that
contains caustic potash or lime should
lc used in cleansing tin milk vessels.
The first is nasty, and all corrode the
tin. For scouring, use salt; for dis
infecting, use sal soda; for cleansing,
wash first in cold water, then with
warm, and scald with boiling hot
water, and drain without rinsing or '
wiping. Infection from a wiping
cloth may undo the effect of scalding. ,
THERE is more skill required in %,
plowman than roost persons would
readily admit To excel In the art of
plowing, yon must lake pleasure iqg
the work and not rest satisfied till
yon can open the first furrow in a
straight line—in a uniform manner
and proceed with regularity of width J ll
and depth of the furrow slice. Ifvou
leave small patches undisturbed, or a
dead furrow improperly cleaned UD
the Injurious effects may be seen Hi
succeeding crops.