Wilton, McFavlone ('■ Co., Ilorthrorr Healer*.
IE3I_A.IRrID"W ARE!
WILSON, McFAli T J A TS T K CO.
I)KALEHS IN
STOVES,RANGES' HEATERS.
A I.so
Paints, Oils, Glass anil Varnishes,
AND
BUILDERS'
ALLEGHENY BTRKKT, .... HOIKS' BLOCK, .... BKLLEttINTR. PA.
JtutincNH Card*.
HA 11XKSS MANUFACTOKY
til llarmeli'a New Blodk,
BELLKFON'TK, I'A. t-l>
r P. BLAIR,
1 , JEWELER,
•ATCBU. dncga, JIW.tBt. AC.
All *rk neatly axnctitad. Ou Allegheny alre-l.
Utnler Rroclll'hofT 11'HiiH*.
DEALERS IN PUKK DRUGS ONLY.
2 I KELLERA SON,
No rt. Brn k#*rhoff Hiw.
Z All the SManUitnl I'aUnt MI'M- -
acriptloua and Family accurately .
jc ; 11 Truiri*. HliomNw BrwN, Ac., -* |
| OUIS DOLL,
XJ FASHIONABLE BOOT A SHOEMAKER, I
lit u* k*u buff How, Ar.enh.-n v atreet, I
j_ ly llellefonte, T
C. RWM, * '"• |
THIRST NATIONAL BANK OF
r HKLLKFONTK, . f
AlWUvny turret. MUfolits, Pa. 4,1 ,
/ lENTRE COUNTY BANKING
\J COMPANY.
Recaltr Dep-wlla
And Allow Interest,
Iharmiht Ndlra;
Buy ml Ml
llov. Sernritle*,
Oold iid Coupon.. ' (
Jmu A. Btaven, Prealdeot.
J. Ii (nwM.lNlit.
BKLLEFONTK A SNOW SHOI
r R.— TlmmTabla in effect on n.l after Ma} '
''l/lr.M Snow Shoe 7 20 A. w..arrite. In Ballaßwtf ,
' BrlUfoata 10.15 * u.arrlte, at Snow SW
jnrt Shoo 2.U0 r. t.,arrlte* In llallafonlt
'* Yelltea Bellefunte 5.15 r w .arritea al Snow Shoe .
DANIEL RIIOADS. '.
General Superintendent.
I>ALI> EAGLE VALLEY RAIL
> ROAD -Tm.a-T.ble, A| ril I*""
Bar. Mall WHTW4ED. aaaiwtao. Kip. Mall
4 M P V. '*' *' *
H 10 7oj Arrive at Tyrone Leave ••• J - *
N A66 Ut*#lAtTjrWßeL*i. 3 •*'' H ;
7 6 m 14 " -I\i I
7666 47 ...... " Hal I Eaglo M J*' H J*
74H 3d '• Fwltr " ••• * r '- ''
742 f. 11l •• Hannah ** • '
735 :i " Port MatiUla " ... <*> 1*
7 '27 817 " Martha ... * *7
tl, f, iA •• .liiltan " . *I ' o
* , | '.7 11 I'montUla 11 ... ®73 • -8* |
7OD 54S " Snow Show In " .. * '* *•>
Ml i " Mll-wl.iir* " JJj ***
840 AIW " B'll-f. nt. " -•
.VI ill '• >lila>r* - *Min i
625 ils " Curiln " ... 1,1 |" > '
<II iin " Mount Eaßla " —•'7 Jo i
-8 0 601 " How ar>l " ~' Jj J"*'
A554 50 " Ealrrllla " --WJ *" !
SVI 5 " llorh ('lawk " —4oln 44
sit 53 " Mill Hall " .- •1411 1'
549 4 -10 " llamlngtoa " ... 9 -'o I I
535 4 i'< " Raria " ■ .14 41 It BI
1 >K NNSYLV A NIA RAILROAD, j
X —lPUUdaipbU and Kri Dlrlaaon.) —Oa an. )
after Ntrmher 14. 1.77 :
W FJiTWAKD.
KRIR M AH. laa Philadelphia 11 Mpn
i M llarri.hurx 434 a it. i
M tViMm.(..rt * Man j
M - le-k llaten 4 a o
" BanoTo.- —1054 an j
'• arrltee at Krle 75A p n
NIAGARA KXPKRSS Iratea Philadelphia. 74' an
llarrlahor*.... 10 Via n I
.• '• Wlllumapoet. 251p rr j
•• arrfree at Rcnoto. 4 40 p o |
Paaaancr* by thla train arr.** In Bella.
finite at 4 IS p n ,
PABT LINE leatea Philadelphia II 44 an
•• '• Harrl.lmnt 385 pa
.. • M i111am.i~.rt............... 7*lp n. j
" arrtrea at lewk llaTaa..__ *4np a.
KATW ARD.
PACIFIC EXPRESS leare. Ie k llaten. 8 40 an
w ~ M'illfatnaport... 755 an
i. arrlteaat llarrial.nra II 55 an
~ '• Philadelphia. .. 5 45 pa
• DAT EXPRESS leatea Renof. 10 1" • "
*• n lent-4, lliria II 3ni b
~ tt illlameport ........ 12 40 an
" arrlteaat ll~rrthnri....„ 4 In p n
M '* Philadelphia 720 p n
ERIE MAIL lea tea Rea.t., S 85 p m
m e Lmh llaten 945p in
II i. Williamtpnrt. II 05 p m
4- " arrltea a llarrlhiiro. 145 am
•• Philadelphia 700 am
FAST LINE lea tea Wllllam,|~irt 11 55 a m
" arrltaa al llarrlthnrr BSS a m
n " Philadelphia 7 •
Bne Mall Weat. Niagara Ktpteaa M eat, Loek llaten
2 Aecxntmedatl.in Weet and Dty Ktprem Eaat. mak.
elnae mnneetinna at Northiimlierland with L. A B. R
B. train* fur MTilkealwrre and Seruntnn
Erie Mall Weat. Nlaga'a Ktpteaa Weat, and Erie
K*preea M eat and lawk llaten Armmmndallnn M eat
maka el.we rnnnactlon at Milliamapmrt wltn N C. R
W. 4r~ln nnrth.
Eet, Mall Waat. Niagara Ktpteaa Weal, and !>aj
Ktpreaa Kat. make elnae roaoertinu at Loek llaten
With B. K V. R R. train*.
Erie Mail R~*t and M'l ennrwwt at Erie with train*
on L 8 4 M 8 R B. at Cnrry with <. C A A V. B
K., at Kmp'rlnm with H. N. Y. A P. R. R-, an I *i
Drlftand with A. V R R
parl-.r rara will run letweea Philadelphia and
William*P"rt on Niagara Ktprea* Me*t. Erie Ktprea.
Weat, Philadelphia Rtpre** Ka*t and Day Etpr*w
Eaat. and tnnday Rapreaa Ka*t. Sleeping egraon al
night train*. * " 4 Btvnwtti,
OBU'I H4i|#rlfi!4nnßi(
4 MRARD IIOUSF,
I J CORNER CIIESTNIT AND NINTH STREETS.
rntKntirni t
Thla hnwaa prominent In a rlty famed for It* mm
fortalde hnt*l*. I* kept In etery reap.fl a.,.,al U. any
■rat rlaae hotel. In the ronntry Owing to the atrtn
wenrvnf the timea. the prlra of hoard h.* l-ea n red or ad ;
to tna* tmUetnn pwr lay. J. M KIBItIN.
I _A*< # MBHRIPP
* * BUS II HOUSE,
BBI.LEFONTE. PA,
18 OPEN.
3*-1 m I>. P. PETERS. PrnpHator. |
' •
CENTRAL HOTEL,
\_y (Oppoeita the Railroad HUtkia.)
MILEBBCRG. CENTRE COI'XTY, PA.
A. A. KOHLBKCKKR, I'ropriotor.
Tnnoroil TRAFBI.ERS on the railroad will nd
thla Hotel an ntrellent plara to Innrh. or pmenre a
—I an AI.I. TBAIWE 4npahwH ■ mtnntan. 47
MHYF.YTo Loan at i\ perCt.
JTIV/il U I RR T„K MirrtJAL LIFE INBJJB
ANCE 00. OF NEW YORK, on Brat mortgage, EM
lmpfc<Y#*l farm pfuptrty. In nw iw Ih*" W.OOO
M not riCMNlIni of#-thlfd of *h® prvovnt vnlnn of
th# pfFfvrtv. Any portion of th trflnrlpnl f*n hm
|*W o#T it nny tlnw nnd It H l#*n tt# rwrtom of th#
eotnpnn? to permit iho rrivrlfHlto fwln * lon* m
th# IRWTr WISIMM, If th lnlwil It promptly pnM
Apply to
CIIARLM f. SrtFRMAIf.
hTI Court ilrrri RMliik, Pa,
Of 10 DAVID l. KLINS. Co. ( o AppnUmr.
D-if MIoAwU, P.
I'mji Hsionnl tVf rd*.
HA. MeKKK,
• ATTOItNICY AT I.AW
4'i-tf Bfllrp op|HMitp t'uurl IIUIIH lirllifiihlp, I'i.
IJMtANK FIKLDIN(f f
I LAW AMI CtH.I.KCTMN nHK K,
12-1 y VrIdKARFIKLH, I'A.
\\ r A. MOKKISOX.
V V • ATTOUM RY-AT-I#AH
lIKI.I.KFttNTK. I'A
Ofllci 111 Woo If iiik' BIL r k • •alt* 11• I OWL UFMBO
C*RllOl llatt< >N lii Kii){llali ur tin man il-lj
c. v. utitmi. c. M.BOVBB.
1 LEX A N DER A BOWER,
a\ ATTORNEYS AT I.AM-,
IV'llrfontr. Pa , may tw> t oniiltr<| in K(>Kl'" 1 * ° r < '* >r
man. OIM* rln tiaruian * lliiilfliiiK. I-' y
JKMfM 4. RKWIR. J OUI GLFMLKT
HEAVER A OE I'll ART,
ATTORNEYS AT LAM.
Offlro on atrr*t, irth of 111yh.
fontr, l' l-ly
nF. FORTNEY,
a ATTOBN BY-AT-LA W,
HKLLKPONTE. PA
Ul ili'ir to (ha
IOHN BLAIR LINN,
41 ATTORNEY AT i.AW,
IIKI.I.KFtINTK. PA.
)fllcf4 Altcchrn> Strwt, ®ir P> t • iffl- • 'il-ly
1 L. SI'ANCiLEK,
*t a Al TORN I 1 t I LAW,
RKLI.EFONTE. t-ENTKK (Xit. NTV. P 1
tal BttMltkMl t" Oollm • M{ |rsa- (kM in all lIMI
Con*nlttir>n in Ufn*ian vr K I ly
OS. KELLEIt,
• ATTORNEY AT LAW.
• • *!• L ny t'trFHt Nmtti anlw of Lron'i
I •torr. B#ll*font*, !'•. I -ly
f H. MORMT. cmi noinojr.
\| URRAY A GORDON.
iI ATT >i:si Y8 tT I AM
CLEARFIELD PA
Will tha |L'l|rf..t,!e< Cs'Urta *b*n p"lly
wploy>4 I i*
'P C. HII'I'LE,
1 • ATTORNEY AT LAW
IS K HAVEN. PA
All Ln*in promptly attp-n-U'l t* 1 ly
\\'M. P. MITCHELL,
' PRA'TIi AL 81 RVEYOR.
IdK h IIAYEN. PA ,
Will aft'-n>l t ail •■•rk In (loarflrld, C*ntf •!•!
Clint n TO nntidva
Ofßvw op|iM|U> Idhk !la*#n Nat; ttal liarik 20-ly
\V c. IIEINLK,
▼ v • ATTORNKV AT I.AW
itr.i.i*FnVTi. FA.
Ofl'p in C'-nra4
NpBW-|| attwfitmn jnsh t. !h* r*||wti*>n of rUim
All hnintai *tt t. promptly 21-1/
v. a viiun. I. IN IIIM.
WALLACE A KKF.RS,
4' ATTORNEY* AT LAW,
< I.EAKFIELD PA
Will attpn'l an-l try caiiiM at Ks iJ f->tl ab*n *[#
cially rtan~l. |*ly
\\MLLIAM .M( \ IAA)\ (ill,
▼ T ATTORN F.I 4T l.tW,
CI.KkRPIRtD, FA.
AH bmln*i promptly t My
nil. .IAS. 11. DOBBINS, M. I).,
mi -1 us ivii ti Ron v
Oflfß ill.ghrHY Jlt„orwr /4hi(l>r a lfnt 4frifii.
r -tf Ril tRFORTR I'A
DR. J. W. RHONE, Dentist, ran
b* f nid at hlii nffirp and rMi<|.KP mi Nnh
| ail# < f High
[ Hallrfniitr, Pa |W||
CANCER REMOVED,
WITHOI T KNIFE, and ia op -t
r r
C. W. P I hMi H lULI-.r,
12-."UTV # fVttfr* Countv. Fa.
■ A TRUE TONIC
A PERFECT 3TRENGTHENER.A SURE REVIVER.
IIIOX BITTERS are highly rrmmmetidrd for nil di*en*r<i re
dlining a certain nn<l efficient toiilo; especially Jndigetlnm, Ityrpepmo, Inter
mittent Eererr, Wml rj Appetite, lAM* of Strength, LATFK of Energy, etc. Kniirhn
the lihxxl, strengthen* the muscles, and give*new life to the nerve*. They art
like a rharm on the digestive organ*, removing all dyspeptic symptom#, aneh
a* TnMmg the fW, llrlrhing, I lent in the Slnmarh, Ifonrlhtirn, etr. Tile Ollly
Iron IVcpiimtlnn that will not Itlut-kt-n tin* trrtli or give
lirutlnt'ht*. Hold hy all druggists. Write for the A II C Ilook, 32 pp. of I
useful and amusing reading— irnt free.
BROWN CHEMICAL CO., Baltimore, Md.
BITTERS
AOENTBWANTED
Tn taba nl>wrt|>(kii for tlx>
INTKKNATIONAL HKVIEW.
•ha Inlaal anil bnal Amarlran |.nl.lira lion. of Iha
high"! rlnaa with original ronlrlbntlonn from Iba
In") ' alahralwl writara In arar y f.nnlrj Kdllad bjr
J. T Mmaa, it . and llanry l'M M. ganilaman
of lha hlghrai allalnntnnla and rnltnra. and whoaa
nimo ar> aluna anflrlanl gaarastf of lha raloa of
Iba Biriia
Alnnro brljht. roodnbla and Inotrnrllro; roamofiolt
lan In iliarn'rtra. prograaaira In arlanra, unaarlarlan
In rl'gl"l. and ltwtaf.ndnl In polltloa.
prlra rairanlan niimlmr. Mima ranr. A romplala
Agml'a Ibilßl aanl ><n rarolrl of #1 ntf A aparlmaa
cap* aanl l nojt addfran lor 1A ranta,
A. I. IIA RIKA A IX), Pnhllaban,
111 A 113 William It, Maw York.
New AUrertiwiHrut*.
Tbet ll'urtwt ami llmlMiMllrinp rtrr
Aclmliinallnn of Hopi, Buchu, Mflft*
drnklf)ft'i D.tndAlion, mi t...i t AIM!
most cm ur* II*" I'M I-i t Ira ut all 4tln-r Itiltrra,
iake\thBlood Purifier, Liver
WOU O l%" tor, *"'! Life ei4l Health Juraturiujf
A if* nt ''A'llt.
knilllWMnO\An poaelbljr long CIM wherw Hop
Hitters are mtV-d.suvaiit'ti uuJ pcifc* I ecu Uitlr
o"' rat t"IiaJBML
Th#7 giTc LOV \i\* nlTlc:rt:th9i£9l Isflrm.
To All whoeo e WnploytiH >t" rauaw irrt-wularf
ty of thcliKwrlsor% urinary ortreuw. r who 14.
quirt* mi Apprtlae^L^Tonic AIII inlld HUnuilenl,
li p Hitt ra Af without intoi-
Icntlnii. OHflk
N muttar what your Hnifw or aymptorri*
err what the tliis ise.ir oil^ , o (*t Is *• Hop Hlt
tcrs. Ifon't w-Att until y..u nV v nick hut If y u
only fisl bad or h.k. laMel'iN liu-iii at once.
It ntay aavii y<Mr life It haaB 11 * y <,, 4 humlroilv
S9OO W IU be pUd for hrtl M ' Ihey will mt
mrw "ii-help. |k* riiA ulTrrl 0, l'' t ffloali
•uffcr.but use end urtfc tlo'in^kIMop 1 Mop B
Itrmemtwr llr.p Ititt*m U v H r . drugp...l
<|runki-n tKMtnjm but tlw
Melt, inn ?wr merle ttiu
At**! nor*" nlt !••) I- rwuti Or
should I* without thriu BBBBiiBBIA
P.I.C-' lrr*-*is" f
rMmnkrou* -• <f "■ -um. i d.*.-"-,, B rniPg^^H r
oar .'tics All I "Hi I" * "1 '-**•*!* .1,,) If M
for 'ir-ulAr Hup finicrs Mfg. (•.,
ffl PAD
THE ONLY CURE
flr off, l>ro/ r/. Brigkts />u
r.tAf. tn> it, I:, /. /. r■' or
Espttthe I riii.-, i aUn >, -i tin nladJer tHmm
in./ or fain/nt Uri4tig, ik IhtM iJtftooit,
AJeHiont q) the s4iie. Net i DtHiitg,
m.ifr HVita, !.*, it nd ,i'l J i,i^ii, <. " th,
Kidncjs, HlntltH'r anil ( Hil
ar* (li'gan*,
It . t.l. IX7KUNAI.m-.lt. 1.. lo
111. | it.- 1.l I i I ai.l I I HI,, abra
■.filling <1- rn *. . I .11 - "h-t knoit rt. ..
mnj ■ "1.1... ... . 1.1. * f t ,,. it,,
m.rk.! W. I ...t • .1..
t.. W. ■II , a 1.11, .... t li u|..n ll.r rf*rli-t
of your wklrr-M
DAY S PAD
F. POTTS GREEN.
IKI.I.*:KI\TK, ei .
WIIOt.MA I.K A'I)AT tint I KNTKK Oil NTV
l!llilililMHim;lilil>:fiB1
Battlo Crook, Michißan,
MocrACTesaau or TIIR ost-r ucst i*
THRESHERS.
Traction and Plain Engines
and Horso-Powors.
kssl (eerlrO Thrrshrr F mHmrj > Cttnhllßhed
In the WorM \ |B4B
■l'l ItAnO ' " wtll) t . hsuyr f
r HMMT'ii' -r I-*'" • ' •* sy ' <Ae
I <|rrwsf| gi'*n "A mil out gcwmU
kTI*AM- HIWFR WrAKATOKM mm)
4 oswplrfr Hrnm lliilftie / ao"H*4..wi'.(m
Trnrtl<n F.nemr a •r>l I'lnin t.nglnee
ever Aln Amrrt. an tt*Ark<*l
A n/fffa4 if fn' wee# i"f wyon nsssu
f r lei t.gf4hr w th #w p+rlr* •?*<! >ti*i <s t<n♦<**(.
fw*w m l mstfrri*%! TKH 'r*A;i •t ' f |V Ml" T I-.^kcfW.
yr*,r efroa **f H<perat/*rw tn-rn II V II? borer*
C*l Writ jr. ft* i'mwi n* tdf.* "wn
T" sdjirw of " M'.'inlnl A H rw N't*
7LAA AAA Frrl of w r | r rlril l.nmbrr
,(AA/,VVV
mwUntlf rm he* f. ir m hkb Int tbc id.
mfoiAfsMc wrrol w rk of our roechtrwrr
TRACTION ENGINES ;^
/feros;M mnH "fr*aA U osd fk< #' n-ft
ma4t. S. IU. 13 Usrm Pmrr. tjl
Psrw-r rn4 TSn (Si Imm ■ ar* Invttort W
to**-turat* "hl •M''7#TKn-hlnir M.<hilT7.
CtrciiUr. m (r— I.MW
NICHOLS. IHISASD A CO.
S.utile Crk, MlohlS""
fiILMORK A CO.,
" " t.AW ADD CUIXItCTION HOl'**.
W.i F Strut, WANHIKOTON. 1> C.
Haka IVUarDoni. Drfnttal* ami .M.n.l to all
hnalnaaa I I. AND WHIP, ..ldiar,
Afl'liit'vfial ttightaanA LAND M ARRANT*
lam,lit *ii*l ,M. 411 tf
ST. XAVIEK S ACADEMY,
NKAH LATKOHK, FA.,
NEARLY hi If n century old, from
• hkh iho mot( and rnllhiiliKl womNR
I* Nsvn (twlhalnil rml tbonrmgVt
#*lttnti*i*l nll* AM'I l-Lh.-Al Um Airvl of tvining In.
•n'WHi Null* idnllH •! tuy lint, \mt\j
ptWM ttlmfit 931 M
A<ldr~. AtfTKRJI or MERCY,
Ml iHllt'i P. 0., M Mtmorlt<i4 cowotj, hk
(Ilic Cnvtvf Jlfwocai.
rL2
♦
HKLLKPONTK, PA.
NKWH, FACTS A M> BUOCIKHTIONH.
rui. Tarn .If TMK NATIONAL WCLMRB H till IVTKLLI
bin fry farmer in bin annual experience
ttncorern name (ft iny of value. Wife if anil
sent! it t*i the ,4 Ayrirultural bl'titur nf the
DKMOTHAT, lleMefonte, fena'a," that other
farmer a may hare the benefit if if. t,et
communicationa be timely % and be tare that
; they are brief anil irrlt pointed,
i
I Pennsylvania Crops and Live Stock for
1880.
The forthcoming nnmiul report of
Secretary Kdgo, ol the Pennsylvania
Hurcau of Agriculture, will show the
following as the acreage, yield and
value of the crops of the State during
the past season:
A' fCA|J* ) \
lift) £ I'rffJMl |||(|* * <>£*•<**)
•" . .. l:• 1,0110 487B KWM .
\% 1,41 V" 21,1 1MH11 'il :'emm
*• 1.1 V ilJ.i'id.'Ml 1/lull. 1. * -■■
Nito• i 1 . *• •• I . I Bill. ♦ .. " .
I UIMM cit. It, 4 •
It* - ;H Vll .'!.• ft It VI Ii*iII . | (i <iii
ITi.&Vll ••• l.tiah 1 7~
.> Krft 1./t I • • I litinli. >tf)4|
411!
The average annual value of the
same crops during the past ten years
has liven $110,'.<30,00(1. The total
acreage has increased from fi.1180.(100
acres in Im"| to 7,200,000 in IHSO,
the increase living mainly in the lutn
lier and ore counties, and very slight
in the southern and eastern portions
of the Stale.
The n urn her and value of the live
stock of the State are given as fol
lows :
Koml„. V.Im
•MM •!a,7.v> atK.fw.tm
•'<• ■ i: " i- <>. ..•••
m-i. n1 I'.ttl. * Tt....i n.'./ixi
s-iti MUn ijHjan
Wni, i......
MIM ...„ .I'J'.l 1.VK.V12
I'i.i.T'i si i
The total cost of the fences of the
State is estimated at $ 17.'>,000,000,
and hence we may infer that it re
ipiires sl.".*) worth of fence to protect
sl.ll worth of crops from K.'i cents
worth of stock—a powerful argument
in favor of soiling. Poring the past
ten years there has I wen a gradual
increase in the number of cows, sheep
and swine, and a decrease in tire
number of oxen and other cattle.
Shivering With Cold.
Fr-m tb- farm X<tirttl
Cows do not require more than an
hour or two of exercise out-of-doors
in extreme coM days, and are much
Is-tter oil in the warm stable chewing
the cud of comfort and quietness.
Many farmers turn their stock out in
the yard early in the morning to
nibble and trend under their feet
cornstalks during the day, with their
backs rounded like an arch, shivering
with cold, having pure icc water to
drink, and the weather at zero. Half
the fodder they devour by treading
under foot in the yard would keep
the cows in tatter condition if it was
cut and crushed by machinery and
steamed or scalded, sprinkled with
inenl and fisl to them warm 'n a
stable with a tem|iernture of fortv
degrees, or higher, if possible. The
extra milk the cows would give, ami
the manure thev would make over
and above the chilling system, would
more than pay the ex|>etise of rutting
and steaming the fodder and hay.
Soiling.
The truth of it is that with aoiling
'here is a giwxl deal of work, labor,
thought and care needed; also the
Wat kind of stock and of labor-sav
ing appliance#, and one must make a
first-class product, or he simply
throws away his work. For if a
|icrson takes a brick and sjwnds a
whole 'lay in trying to grind nnd
polish it, he has after all a worthless
brick for his pains; but let liiin take
a piece of beautiful marble, nnd
grind and polish that, nnd he will
have something of value which he
can sell to pay for the Inlmr he has
expended on it. So it will never pay
to keep a poor, unproductive cow, or
make poor hotter to sell at lfi to '2O
cents a |n>und, under a system of
sgriculture which requires a largely
increased amount of capital nnd
labor.
Accumulation of Manure in Btables.
A large mass of dung, unless frozen
or kept near the freezing point, will
undergo decomposition, and gives ufl,
beside steam, ammonia, and other
gasss. These tend to soften snd ,
injure the hoofs of animals, snd espe
cially horses, that may ta forced to
slsnd continually on the accumula
tion of dung. These gases cause
inflammation of the eyes, and injure
the general health, interfere with the
digestion, and reduce the vigor of
the animal. There should ta no
mass of manure in any stable where
hoises arc kept. A clean floor and
pure air are requisite for the best
health of the animals.
Tiir dust liath is nature's renova
tor, snd it is as necessary for cleaning
the feathers of fowls from vermin
and promoting the secretiona of the
akin from impurities aa a water or
vapor bath is to the human family.
Winter is the lime to thoroughly
repair all tools, ploughs, reaping
machines, cultivators and the like.
The Husbandman.
! Ill* MM-<| itiiioilg iiimi l lie wit"** ImflNf t'4l
1 lie4*|*• * || guiqitdfi from 9law fruitful land ,
| M Ins .ww flutl's |.*ufit* ill tb* l**Hlll'K
H lii -rna liia hriNi'l Mh ti<iii**i t***rt N*J IIAII'I '
| Tti'Mtyli n<it l<.r liiin tin* Hull nf KWi lo sj>r-'l,
I 'I liiMlgli As| tin Mm f Irw |e|isl>|e*| tn||i|'i npJ"I*US"
IV • I ||) Is grwl' . t||S*f| tlis- If Mil la shl'l,
j Tlteti lljne wlm, iii tking JM m M O'KI'V !**•
I liftrn etwtiil Nfi'l nnd- Upoll |||i> (Motif
W lin e<k (• • IMftli Ho tree* liermis M-igM* ot Fern*
Y\ |i- .- . 11lit mfii I*llr.it shuts its .*•- to wrung
A 11' I 111 k 14* It itlfflf'li "llllls III" M'f|W(f l,f kIiHIIJC .
Afi'l FI | |KI liw|<|'i< R !#• T ls Z WIII> my lute,
ll.i'l I litil Ml iii*| tui tin't s life.
Ii Ir tit Hi** wiithl s ilre(ru*t|oti muiJ tin. huts*
Willi It WMIS ■guii.st tb*< (ruf in ail ll* strife
Hfl'k tiol )• SOLA ot (..**• w I,#. (Ml On- soil.
For other f1 I'ls In llf* than ili'c >• reap'
ltd let I* lit, III!* SISS-h! 1.1 lo>iis-( toll.
I ll" rest of Imtiesl latsor** trMtsgti|| Ui |s,
'l'll 111 oil the Irtttjhlee #f the trot Mill f's ilrwim
Tlie "Mies wltit Ii rack thu nlatt stflAfs • utikiuue
I'IHMI—
TLR UIIU 'IMIM venture* rsf |)| ft,*F llitlt'•
Or nil tit* doill/fful j'oltin for fnto" ntnl (hlii '
IMti-r than llii-w to t ?,• Is tun |v l'-t
'I" tmliit"* gittti-ful f", li"t lcoiut*-'/iia rlorw,
!••• king with nil In r Horn I gifts , j,.. o<>
\V|,sr- wwrwt reitit'-t'iuicfit sL* for nothing inor-.
. J'rtjr ll"lllR WiirH of e\ery (jn-Ain,
I lutif liesrt* ll,i ,'ciilcf of V'tir 4mt\ |■ Issi,
I \ ir Held, the ol >oin •r r * *> l* n..
j ("it I(• '!*"• I j ri• I* to to a hii.l'NrolroAti
- A I'M rto* Oa* iitiir
About Managing Raw Boil.
'-.r ..f * ...ißlrj Urnllfiitai.
Although it is known that raw soil,
brought up to tin; surface in large
j quantities, is hurtful to the crop upon
it. yet to what extent, and csjiecially
with the different kinds of noil, in not
so well understood. .More or less
immediate harm is the result. Ami
yet, lo make use of this undersoil is
•t tancfll, in that it "let-pens tin- tilla
blcq land, affording a cbanoc for tbc
; l tier extension of the roets and for
j circulation of air, developing, also,
! new available fertility, which is so
1 much gain, but which, in its original
stale, is o( little use, anil, when com
pared with the upper aerated and
j worked soil, is a damage, as it lessens
i the "Top, the degree of which is de
pendent upon the amount brought
up. !f the plow runs deep, so as to
; bury the upper soil, bringing up the
other to form in its place the
tad, and for slight-rooting plants to
get their nourishment from, there w ill
I lie a failure in clay soil, or wlu re
I there is less chance for air to eireti
| late or water to pas-, through—in
other words, in a bard or dense soil,
which is also, in general, a cold soil.
\N here then- is free ventilation ami
| goes! drainage, as in sand ami among
the shales, there is little difference
| tatween the up|n r and the lower
soils, indeed, wo- often find it the
eas<- that to plow deep i an ndvan-
I trtge; not alone for the reason that
1 the undersoil is well aerate"l ami
warmtsl, hiit the fertility in sueli soil
i gradually works down, there Is ing a
i lack of clay or aLsortanl to hold it.
| Hence tin- lower soil tacomcs enrich
ed—sometimes richer than the upper
suggesting the remedy at once—
light ami frequent, rather than large
and less frequent, applications of
manure, which, "if course, is to be
kept as much as possible at the sur
face, very rain lowering it in the
soil, and a wet season, or a few
drenching rains, washing it out, so
that only the deep-rooting plants,
like the clovers, and notahlv lucerne,
get the tanefit below. The small
creeping blue grass, timothy and
others, show the deprivation of nut
riment by a stunted growth ami
blenches) ap|M-arance. similar to the
etf'ct of n drouth which, occurring
after the rain*. *|iccdily puts and end
to the grass. This is well known in
sandy district*. When the rains are
light, keeping the surface moist with
out washing down, the Is-st result
follow*. This was the case in this
section in the summers of sml
1178. With sufficient manure (at
the surface) the growth was rapid
and maturity early.
Haw soil, therefore, concerns us
very little in land of a Icnchy charac
ter. The great care to ta exercised
in this repect is in all hard or
densely-packed undersoils. Such
land is usually given shallow culture,
which excludes from successful culti
vation most of the deep-rooting
plants, such as corn, root crops, tar
ries of nil kinds, trees and shrubs,
the gra|>c, and, in extremely dry and
wet weather, all the "Tops that the
farmer raises. It is only by the
plentiful use of manure, nnd care in
cultivation, that the land can ta made
to pay, ami then not satisfactorily.
The evil—raw soil—is too near flic
surface. To bring up this soil is
worse; lo bury deeply the surface
soil, is to sjKtil all for years till the
elements have had their action upon
it., aided by the plow. Then there
will ta a decided improvement for
the better, and with continued deep
culture, a permanent character will
ta given. The plowing is to ta con
tinued deep, or the sub-soil plow is
to nid, to ta used whenever the Isnd
is tilled, when neither too wet or too
hard, so as to break in lumps, leaving
hollow places.
Hut it is tatter, instead of invert
ing a large body of soil, which will
lie year* without tanefit, to bring up
a little at a lime, each plowing deep
ening the tillable soil, till the depth
wanted is reached. This is the ac
knowledged' best practice, as it ad
mits of crops being grown right
along without ditnunution, and after
the first year or two increasing in
yield. The plowing should ta done
in the fall, so as lo have the raw soil
in a thin layer, exposed u> the ftosk
A cost of manure should ta given,
so as to have the layer of wild soil
between the good ground below and
the manure above, with the frost and
tbe elements operating, and with the
spring cultivation, ranking a see. I tad
that seldom Aula to be satisfactory.
The next plowing buries this mel
low and enriched surface soil, deep
ening and enlarging the root bed Im--
low, and th<r new soil is again
brought up and treated an before. It
will readily la: M en that it takes only
a few years to completely change this
soil, and make ipiite a HtJ|*:rior one
out of it. JJut this cannot be done
MicecHsfullv in most of our clays
I without first draining the land, this
i being worth more than all the plow
-1 ing, and it is the more necessary to
| its success, as often the soil is hurt
I without it, and in some seasons it is
I impossible to plant it on account of
; the wet. But it will la* a long time
! before our clays are drained, this itn-
I portanl work of the farm heing put
oil or ignored, and bad made worse,
; for wet land (clay) can be worked
| only to its injury, and cannot l>e
| much benefitted by deepening, as
; manure has not much effect on wet
land, and the soil, not only Irelow,
| hut more or less throughout, is of a
raw nature, and cold and sour in the
bargain. It is a pity to continue to
work such land in this condition,
1 and no other can be reached without
| drainage.
Drainage will entirely change its
character and eminently fit it for that
other change of dcc|x niiig and en
riching. Meanwhile, on land where
the water line is lower, the work of
improvement may goon till the whole
is reclaimed. If farmers only knew
what advantage lay within their reach,
the work would at once be begun.
There is no excuse; any one may
Isgin on a small scale, the benefit
increasing the means for farther ad
vancement, till tire task is accom
plished. doubling the value of the
farm.
What shall be the farmer's domes
tie meat supply ? This is worth
considering as well as what be shall
produce for sale. The farm should
f ed itself, for it is a waste of money
for a firmer to employ a butcher to
cater for him. lfeef is out of the
question unless it is salted, and salt
lsef in only a makeshift enforced by
obvious circumstances. Poultry and
i mutton will furnish a constant sup
ply. with occasional helps from other
sources. Mutton hams cured and
smoked arc excellent for summer use,
and if the legs are cured a carcass of
mutton can IK* easily disposed of in
a farmer's family. This is a very
impotiant item for consideration,
when a farmer asks himself "Shall 1
keep a few sheep or not, and what
kind shall I keep?"' If I were to
advise him in regard to the latter
|wiint, for domestic use 1 should say,
Merino grades crosses! with South-
Down.
•IrnoE Daventort, of Montana
Territory, purchased lUOO ewes,
which cost him about S3OOO. He
put these in charge of a young man,
who was to take them on to a range,
take all the tare of them, pay all of
the expense* of the band and to
receive as bis share one-half of the
wool produced and one-half of the
increase of the flock. At the end of
four years a settlement was to lc
made, and Judge Davenport w-as then
to receive back KKIO of the beat ewes
which the hand contained. When
the settlement was made Judge Dav
enport had received for his share of
the proceeds of the wool SOSOO and
for ins share of the increase SBOOO.
The profits on the investment of
S3OOO for four years were $14,500, or
1 20 J per cent, per annum.
Patches of rye, after being clear
ed, may U> well manured and plowed
for a crop of late cabbage and ruta
baga*. The middle of July is not
too late for planting. Cabbage may
lx raised either for house eonsump
tion or to sell. Cabbage bringa a
good price, since the worms have
been so troublesome on it. Various
method* are mentioned for beading
otr the worms, but the l>e*t is to plant
late, and then have the children catch
the little butterflies that lay the eggs
from wliirh the worms are batcher!,
and to pick off the worms by hand.
It is a big job, but it can be done,
and it pays those who do it. The
rutabagas In-long to tbe same class of
plants as tlie cabbage and may be
attacked by the worms 100, but not
so destructively as the cabbage.
THE most critical time in a shep
herd's experience ia in getting his
flock ready for winter. I find that it
pays to give the lambs, yearlings and
breeding ewes some corn after the
20lh of Octoher, one-half an ear per
head on the start, and gradually in
creasing the amount as the grass
grows poorer. I usually feed in flocks
of *2<K) or 300, being careful that each
Is well graded as to strength and
condition. The keystone of success
in the whole matter is to keep your
flock young, fed well and bred with
good judgment. If it doca not pay
to keep them well, it does not pay to
keep them at all. 1 expect every
sheep on my place to eat two and a
half bushels of corn between (all and
spring, as well as what they can con
sume.
(loon tillage, with a doxen two
horse loads of good yard manure per
acre, will give good wheat If yon only
drill three pecks of wheat per acre.
IT ia not merely for laying on fat
that oil meal is valuable, but also in
the increase of the fertilising qualities
of the manure pile.