American Silk Caltare. About 60,000 silk worms are at work ou the farm of Frank Graft, Birming ham, Pa., and rigbt lively, too, some of them being almost done, and straw colored cocoons are piling up thick and fast. The worms are being supervised by Miss Martha Hamilton, living at Mr. Graft's, and she flatters herself that for her first attempt she is doing re markably well. She bought the eggs, and alter they had hatched, at which time they are as fine as a hair, and have to be lifted about with a camel's hair brush, immediately proceeded to feed them on mulberry leave). Their growth is very rapid, and in six weeks' time they are of full size, being nearly two inches long. Th are perfectly raven ous in their appetite, and it is no small job to find enough food for them, and the country for miles around was scoured cn search of mulberry trees, which are not numerous in that vicinity. When the whole mass would begin their feast on the leaves the noise made by the n sounded like rain falling on the roof. While feeding, the worm is said to be of a light green color, and soft as velvet tothe touch. Along the body there are nine small breathing-holes. The in sects. a swould be imagined from thei r eating powers, have strong serratei jaws, which soon eat through a leaf. Some of the worms have escaped from their mistress, and gotten up on the roof of the barn, and are there spin ning away at their cocoons. The silk while in the worm is a gum exuded in two strands. These unite and form one thread of silk. The worm in starting its cocoon first makes an outer covering of flosj silk, within which they spin the silk, bending the head and body up and down the cross ing to every side, entirely surrounding the body, as a protection against the wind and cold. Thus in making a overing for itself this insect makes the covering for thousands of gayiy-attired women of 7*ll n * os and every clime. The cocoon made, the worm passes into a chrysalis state, and comes forth a moth fiy to lay eggs and then die. Thus does the race continue. The silk grower, however, if he wants the eggs, allows the worm to go through all these stages; but if he wants the silk he " chokes" the worm while in the chrysalis state, for if it is allowed to eat its way out the thread of the silk is broken and valueless. The chrysalis is "choked," or in other words killed, by heating it over a fire or throwing it into boiling water. The ial*or attending this silk industry is not a light one, and whether there is any money in it re mains to be seen. Mrs. Fogg, at Ken ! nett Square, Chester county, is . oO rais > ing silk worms, but only has about 3,000 [ of them. — Tvnhtrs Salesman. Lioness and Ksts. The following incident about an old lion's last days is taken from the last report of the Dublin Zoological Garden: The closing weeks of her useful life were marked by a touching incident worthy of being recorded. The large cats, or carnivores, when in health, have no objection to the presence of rats in their cages. On the contrary, they rather welcome them as a relief to the monotony of existence, which con stitutes the chief trial of a wild animal in confinement. Thus, it is a common sight to see half a dozen rats gnawing the bones oft which the lions have dined, while the satisfied carnivores look on contentedly, giving the poor rats an oo II wink with their sleepy eyes. In the case is different, for the un- I rats begin to nibble the toes of I of the forest before his death, I considerably to his discomfort. ; our lioness from this annoy e placed in her cage a fine little -terrier, who was at first re with a surly growl, but when t rat appeared, and the lioness i little terrier toss him in the air, g him with professional skill he loins with a snap as he came she began to understand what ier was for; she coaxed him to ) folded her paw around him, and ght the little ten ier slept at the >f the lioness, enfolded with her ind watching that bis natural i did not disturb the natural his mistress. The rats had a le during those six weeks. )e*perate Fight With Bats, rman named Grossman keepi a er saloon in Franklin, Pa. Two hlldren weresent into theaellara me ago to get some Swiss cheese, was stored in a vault formerly t a brewery. An army of starv* ts disputed their passage, and the elder of the children fought mals with a piece of iron, the returned to the saloon and ed for assistance, saying that his r was in the vault surrounded by Hr. Grossman and two neigh DOTS themselves with clubs, and bas to the rescue of the boy. The bat met their eyes as they entered lit was one such as they bad >efore witnessed. The army of >med to number thousands. The ined in th" contest, but so numer d persistent were the rats that ere more than an hour in oonquer ra. Dead rata lay piled on every ad their number was so greatly d that the survivors were driven r boles. Eight hundred and nine ead rats were carried from the The carcasses filled a large two ragon box, and were a good load am to draw away. pman cannot become a successful She is too fond of giving her a without pay. PABK, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD. ■seines. APPLE CREAM.— PeeI and core five large apples; boil them in a little water till soft enough to press through a seive, sweeten, and beat with them the whites of five eggs. Servo with cream poured around them. PRESERVED TOMATOES.—A pound ot sugar to a pound of tomatoes. Take six pounds of each, the peel and juice of four lemons, and a quarter of a pound of gin ger tied up in a bag. Boil very slowly or three hours. PICKIEI> PEACHES.— Nine pounds of peaches, three pounds of sugar and three quarts of good cider vinegar. Peel the peaches and stick two cloves in each peach, then pat them with the sugar and vinegar in a porcelain lined kettle. Cook from five to ten minutes. CUEAM SIIEKBET.— Put the yolks of six eggs and a dessert spoonful oi vanilla into two quarts of cream. Place on the fire in a stew-pan and let it come to a boil, then strain. Add three-fourths of a pound of loaf sugar and stir until dis solved. When cold set on ice or freeze as ice cream. CORN WITH TOMATOES. —Cut tho corn from the cob and put it with an eqnal quantity of tomatoes that have been sliced and peeled; stew these together for half an hour, then season to taste with salt and peppeT and a little sugar; stir in a liberal piece of butter and sim mer a few minutes longer. RAW CABBAGE.—A nice way to pre pare raw cabbage is as follows: Select a fine good head; chop finely in a bowl what yon think will be needed, and to every quart add one-half teacupful of thick, sweet cream; two tablespoofnlsof strong vinegar or lemon juice; one cup ful of white sugar, and mix thoroughly. HOT CROSS BUNS.— Take two cups of milk, three of sugar, two eggs, half tea spoonful soda, half a cup of yeast, a little nutmeg and flour to maxe stiff enough to roll; let it stand over night; in the morning roll out small, set them close together in a pan, let them stand and rise agnin and bake in n moderate oven. • APPLE CHEESE.— PeeI and quarter a quantity of apples, stew them with a little water, a good deal of sugar, the thin rind of a lemon and a few cloves, or n stick of cinnamon. When quite done pass them through a liair sieve; and to. one quart of the puree thus ob tained add half a packet of gelatine, dis solved in water; mix well, pour into a mold, and when set turn it out and serve with a custard poured about it. It is well to remember that the puree must be thoroughly well sweetened and fla vored to carry off the insipidity of the gelatine. Tralalna Oalrjr Cows. In a business like dairying, where so much depends upon (he quantity and the quality of the milk, the owner will inevitably lose money, and eventually go to the wall, unless special care is ex ercised in the selection of the oows. Whatever the breed, first the inferior ones, and next the ordinary cows, should be conscientiously weeded out year by year. It makes no difference what the breed may be, these will always be found. Not that there is no choice; there is, and they must be selected with a view to what Is wanted, whether bat ter or cheese. Whatever the breed, none but the best breeders should be selected to perpetuate the race, and aa fast as developed the best should be re tained. There is also much in this question of development. An animal that, under good care and attention, will turn out a superior milker, will, under adverse treatment, prove worthiest. When the first calf is produced, the heifer should be carefully handled; she should be milked clean, and every means used, by good feeding and warm stab ling, to produce as uniform and large a flow of milk as possible. The calf should not be allowed to suck; it should be raised by hand, but on the cow's own milk, jost as drawn. The cow should be trained to give her milk freely. Good care and feeding will bring her milk freely if sbe baa it in her; if not, discard her at once. The education of a heifer to give her milk freely consists solely in gentle handling and milking so that the cow may feel relief in the operation. Hold ing up the milk, and kicking and run ning about, are always the result of improper and brutal handling.— Prairie Farmer. Pnllxr Not**. Heavy fowls sometimes receive severe injuries in trying to fly down from high perches. Chickens are always healthier when they have plenty of sand and gravel about them. Any family can keep fowls on their premises without more trouble, at merely nominal cost. Breeding stock shonld be kept up to the full measure of their natural vigor, bpt never forced beyond it. One cannot reasonably expect to raise strong and healthy fowls if they me kept in a starved or neglected condi tion. The molting of fowls is but only a natural process with most salmals in changing their summer ooat for a win ter one. It will be well for ttfose who art limited to a small garden to appropri ate a portion of It to a grass plot for heir fowls. All kinds of feathered life seek the shade from the horning rays of the son, and we should imitate nature by provi ng It in abundance. When tho poulterer diaoovers the ap pearance of discuscin his flock, he must make an effort to stop it at once, and not leave them to their fate. The beat rule both as to tho quantity and time is to give the fowls a good meal in the morning, and tho second shortly before going to roost. One great element of snccess in keep ing poultry is undoubtedly a real inter est in the work—a love for it—on the part of the owner or attendant. Now is tho time to carefully feed and tend your young cocks in order that they may be well developed and in good condition before cold weather sets in. A box in which a trio of full-grown fowls is confined for a few days' jour ney need not be larger than twenty inches wide by eighteen inches high and deep. •tobta th* Beat '*rtllUr Ibr Cam. Among the reports of experiments with fertilizers at the Cornell university experiment station is nn interesting one in regard to their use on corn, and which goes to show the superior value of stable manure. As stated, tbc ex periments made by Professor Caldwell on corn included the application of a large number of fertilizers, and tbey ex tended through five years. Among those which were followed with an actual de crease in the crops, as compared with the products of unmanured plats, were phosphate of soda, nitrate of soda, sul phate of ammonia and sulphate of lime. Some of these, mixed with other fertil izers actually increased their effect, among which was plaster with stable manure. The results from stable manure, fourteen tons per acre, much exceeded those from the use of mineral fertilizers or of fish guano. The longer effect of stable manure in the soil wonld doubt less fully repay the increased labor of applying so bulky a substance, and its value ought to stimulate farmers to use all practicable means to prevent its waste, and to apply it to land in the most economical manner. SdnntalM of Moiling. Soiling saves fences, one of the most expensive features of ordinary farming, prevents the propagation of weeds and prevents stock from wasting more fod der than tbey eat by trampling it down. It doubles the amount oi stock which can be kept on any given amount of land, and there is a vast increase in the amount of valuable manure that may be aaved. There is some additional labor, but the returns arc so much greater that soiling is the system of the present, as well as the future, of agriculture. Jack. "Jack " would at first sight appear to be a familiar abbreviation of John, and to be applied in that sense. It occurs in jack-tar, roasting-jack, hook-jack, jaok of-all-trades, jack-bcots, jockey (gin): jack, part of the machinery of a lock and of a pianoforte; jack, an engine for raising heavy weights; jack-knife, jack-towel, black-jack. In some in stances where tbe word occurs, such as eckass, jackdaw, jack-an-apes, jack-a im (.jack-pudding, it is manifestly de rived from Jack, the familiar name for John; but in the examples above cited the true etymology is to be found in tbe Celtic or Gaelic deagh (d before tbe vowels e and i is pronounced j), Dench (or jeagb), tbe Cymric da signifies good, fit, appropriate, excellent, well. A jack-tar is a good sailor; a roasting jack is an instrument fit, appropriate or good for tbe purpose of roasting. A jmck-of-all-tradcs is one fit to turn his hand to anything osefni; a jack-knife is a good, useful and large knife; a boot jack Is good to pull off boots. Jockey, a slang word for English gin, means also strong ale, and among children a species of sweetmeat, and is in all these cases synonymous with something good, as the French call a sweetmeat a bon-bon, or as tbe Hootch call them goodies. Black-jack is an old name for a large bottle of black leather, good to bold beer and other liquors. Beaumont and Fletcher have preserved the words: " There is a dead sea of drink in the cellar, in which goodly vessels lie wrecked, and in the middle of this deluge appear the tops of fiagoy and black-jacks, like churches drowned in the marshes."— All the Tear Round. A Bay's Fight with a Tiger. A Japanese boy about thirteen years of age went into a jungle in the pro vince of Djockdjmkarta cut some grass. On arriving at a brook he saw that it was almost dried up and that numbers of fish were sprawling in the mud. Tbe boy immediately set to work catching as many fish as hs could, and in doing so went up the gvulet. He per ceived tuere on tbe side of the hill a large opening, out of which some water was flowing. Thinking that more fish might be caught there he crept into the opening, but scarcely had he advanced a few steps into the grotto, when he was attacked by a tiger. Without hesitation the brave boy drew his |grass knife, which he wore behind in his girdle, and with it gave the attacking tiger n couple ol outs on tbe bead. Tbe tiger, still more enraged, now sprang upon the body of the boy, (grasped him with bis. claws and began to roar frightfully. The brave boy did not lose his presence of mind, but in spite of the most dread ful pain he went oa continually cutting into the tiger's head with his grass kail#, with the fortunate result that the mini ster at length drew Its last breath and tbe brave boy, ail hough terribly mauled, got away and could return home to inform his parents of the event. The villagers who afterward went ou to bring in the slain tiger formed a regular procession. FOB THB FAIR SEX, raaklen Rout. Tacked drosaes grow in favor. Tea rose and oorn colored cloves are fashionable. Kerchief gowns are as popular as ever this summer. Red mitts give a brilliant effect to a , black costume. Tar soap is the French specific for in cipient wrinkles. Organdy muslin edged with lace is used for kerchiefs. Fashionable English women are carry ing tsuneled canes. Traveling costumes grow more and more conspicuous. Buttonless gloves of undressed kid are worn by little girls. Ladies on all occasions adorn them selves with flowers. If balayeuscs are wom they must be irreproachably fresh. Bullet-shaped pearl buttons are used to fasten lawn dresses. Spotted and small-figured fabrics grow in popular favor. Veils of rose-colored illusion are worn by pale girls in England. Gray, which has so long been out of favor in Paris, is revived. White cheese cloth makes a be autifu inexpensive Greek costume. It is the custom abroad to wear flow ers wherever they can be worn. Zones pointed back and front are again worn with dressy toilets. The Jersey collar, for children, is a square yoke, bordered with lace. The fashion of wearing flowers, either natural or artificial, never goes out. Cohars and cuffs of tartar silk are worn with white dresses by little girls. Four-cornered hats turned up with rosettes of lace arc made for little girls. Cascades of lace down the front of the corsage appear on many dressy suits. Black toilets are as much worn at Parisian weddings as colored or white ones. Summer slippers arc made of un bleached linen trimmed with alpaca braid. Shawl-patterned stuffs in gold and orange are used to brighten black dresses. Young girls wear their hair in a broad queue, fastened by a bow of bright rib l bon. Jersey hoods are turned inside out to show the lining, aooording to the latest caprice. Glorified cotton and sublimated linen are the material of the popular summer gown. A new ulster pattern is almost tigh fitting and has a plait at the back form ing the skirt. The thinnest of starch is used to stiffen underskirts since the day of soft staffs came in. When bonnets arc small they cannot be too small, and when large the larger the better. Cream-colored Sarah with a scarf of Languedoc lace is used for the prettiest summer bats. White Japanses sashes, embroidered in bright oolort, are worn with dark woolen gowns. The bows worn on sleeves are now set on the Inside seam instead of the ont side, as formerly. Gilt rakes or hoes are stock in the scarfs of nun's veiling,which trim rough bats at the seaside. India muslin cloaks, bordered with Meohlin lace, are made for little giria to wear at the seaside. The Empress Eugenie objects to the publication of long stories about her journey to Zulu land. A weak Solution of carbolic acid in ain water will cure summer pimples and sample eruptions. Basques with a Watteau plait in the back are the newest patterns for w*fcng up thin woolen goods. The Jersey is worn by every woman under fifty who can persuade her dress maker to (it one lor her. It is impossible to name a material too brilliant or too rich to be used for an outside garment this season. Poika-dotted calioo and cambric and lawn salts can be bought next to roth lug. The day of speck lea is past. lace shawls are folded into kerchief this year, except when worn by middie aged ladies of conservative tastes. I*oe parasol covers are made Into ties by simply plaiting them near the eenter and fastening them at the throat in a cascade. lace scarfs arc made Info mantles by fastening them together near the cen ter, to make an Arab hood. The ends are loosely knotted in front. Narrow nst lace edge with saw-tooth points la substituted for dotted net. It is gathered in double rows around tha neck and wrists of gowns. Whole gowns are made of Turkey red for little children. Poetical souls oom pare the wearers to fireflies, Nit the bard-heartad murmur." Lobsters." Reticules just like thoee carried by our grandmothers are revived, and oar rted on the arm at the elbow, not swung to the belt as fide pockets were last year. Charity visiting costumes in England ■ consist of a plain, straight skirt of dark bine flannel and a jacket bodice of the same, made and finished in "tailor style." instead of the elastic band and button used hitherto for closing the parasol, there is now a circle of cord, Ivory, cel luloid, black buffalo, or imitation shell, whatever matches or contrasts with the prevailing color or colors of the para sol. Belts are not worn with the fashion able shirred basques, but two pieces of embroidery set edge to edge are set at the waist line between the shirred spaces. The Alenoon point, used on dresses of nuns' veiling, is invariably an imitation, but it is a very good imitation indeed and would deceive any bat the best judges. Sonit FUHLOA Fancies. Everything that is novel, striking, picturesque and becoming is permitted, provided it is not incongruous. The loveliest imported costumes are made of cream silk muslin over soft cream silk or satin, with trimmings of satin and plaited lace or fringe and em broidery upon tulle or silk net. They ost, but French costumes always do cost, and they are not " aesthetic." They are too elaborate and conventional for that, bat they are exoessively rich and distinguished-looking, and there are occasions when this is necessary. Dresses of this description are not made with a straight bodice, but with glove-fitting basques, which are hollowed in upon the hips, or with overdresses consisting of casaqnlnsdraued away from the front and forming flat sidepaniers. A feature of the elegant toilets are the multitudinous flounces, or rather narrow raffles, which cover the skirts in front and below the drapery. Some are gathered, bnt the most delicate are laid in the finest of plaits, and the supreme touch is to put small waves of exquisite muslin or filmy crepe lisae over others of silk or satin until the effect of foam is produced. A dress that made a sensation at the Newport casino lately was of silk net, fine mesh, embroidered with straw over straw-colored satin. Straw embroidered fichus had been seen but never an entire dress, and this was most ar tistically executed in wheat ears, oats and grasses with the finest of split straw. Such embroidery cannot be bought, and it was, indeed, the fact that the wearer had accomplished the work herself. She had seen a small piece of such embroid ery worn by a friend, and her ambition was excited to possess a dress of it. Shirring has become so common that it is no longer distinctive; still it is effective. AH the recent dresses, ol whatever materia], are made with shirred backs, short apron fronts, and all-round bodices. The skirt hangs straight at the b*-k, and the ahirring consists of from five to seven rows be low the line of the belt. The latest style of overdress is the "smock frock," and it ie copied after the garment worn by the English carter, or team-driver. Such a man does not sit on or in his wagon, but he drives bis load, walking beside his horses, crack ing his whip, snd wearing a "smock frock." winter and summer, over his corduroys. This frock is neither more nor leae than what would be called a straight " pinafore " if worn by a child, with the fullness gathered in, and shirred down front and back into rather narrow limits, leaving plain spaces at the sides. The sleeves are shirred from the top down in the same way for several inches, bnt in a coarse fashion, and the new overdresses stric I follow oopy, except that the shirring —"gauging "it ia called in England—is more neatly done than in the carter's frocks. The carters also wear them loose—the young ladies add a belt, gather the slightly full sleeve into a broad hand which descends half way upon the arm, and edge with laoe. The prettiest are made of soft twilidfl Corah •Ilk, cream white or robins' egg blue, and when the frock ia cut rather long and placed over a skirt trimmed with many tiny gathered ruffles upon a slen der. graceful form, a singular transfor mation ie effected, and the carter's homely frock becomes a part of one of the sweetest and subtlest things in art or nature.—New Fori Graphic. A FMSISIM Meek Uanklir. The ways of heaven are Inscrutable, no doubt, but the ways of women are paat finding out. An ancient dame, bowed under the weight of many sum mers, entered an office on Montgomery street and ordered toe stockbroker whb inhabited that cell to buy Immediately for her shares in a certain stock to the amount of Moo, all her worldly wealth. The broker being a kind-hearted man, and not having a very good opinion of the aforesaid stock, advised her not to buy. But the old lady, having confi dence in her judgment, insisted, saying that if the broker would not purchase for her there were others that would. Whereupon the idea struck the man ol shares and margins that it would be a good thing to humbug the old girl for ber own good. He therefore told her that he had bought the stock aa ordered, and the old party was content. Next day down went the stock, and our ven erable friend lost her *3OO and about a thousand more -that is, she would have lost them had tits broker acted squarely with her, Down she oau.e to the offloe, weeping and walling and gnashing her teeth, or rather her gums, for teeth she bad none. "Oh, Mister !" cried she, "oh, if I only bad my S3OO back again I'd be content, and never, never, never risk it My more. It's all I have in the world." This and much more did she pour into the broker's sympa- thiztng ear, and ha made answer thus: " Madam, If you will |jn me joor word of honor never to touch Mock again, I'll t*ke your riak myself and yon back your money." What pea can describe the shower of blessings invoked on the head of that worthy broker t The prom, ise was sacredly given, the 9300 re turned, and the old lady marched straight out of the office, acrom the street, and invested the entire sum in Ophir. losing the whole in about twenty minutes. Such is woman's constancy. —.San Fratusuoo Newt filter. Some Feats la Swiauslng. Somewhat over forty years ago, a sea man belonging to her majesty's ship Orestes threw himself overboard as a means of escaping punishment for some offense. He was picked np by a fishing boat seven hours afteward off the coast of Spain, and stated that he had been * swimming toward the land all the time. About the same period, two men swam up the river Mersey from Liverpool to Runcorn; they accomplished the dis tance in something leas than four boors. Passing over a long interval, during which many swims were recorded of a few hours' duration, we come to the more recent exploits of Captain Webb, certainly the most remarkable swimmer of whom we have authentic reoord. After some notable achievements in the Irish sea, he undertook the astonishing feat of swimming across the whole breadth of the English Channel, despite iu very rough sea. On the first attempt be could only reach part of the way, and was for safety Iwought back by an at tendant steamer. His second attempt, in 1975, was quite successful; he swam for nearly twenty-two hours continu ously, from Dover to the French coast near Calais; he was supplied occasion ally with refreshments by persons near at hand, but he never touched boat or ground during this prolonged interval. In the same year a young damsel, Agnes Beckvith, daughter of Beck with, the teacher of swimming, gave clear proof that the weaker sex is strong enough to achieve remarkable results in this art; she swam down the Thames from London Bridge to Greenwich, amid the crowded shipping of part of the river. In a spirit of emulation, Emily Parker, daughter of another pro fessional swimmer, slightly exceeded Agnes Beckwith's distance by swim ming from London Bridge to Black wall. Cavil], another swimming master, ac complished the distance from Dover to Ramsgate; he waa six hours and a doing the feat, but he was more dis tressed with the beat of the sun beating down upon his bead and the sunshine glaring in his eyes than with fatigue. Quite recently the London public have been astonished by proofs of the great length of time that persona can remain floating with or without swimming. At the Westminster aquarium is a large tank constructed for the temporary re ception of a live whale. In this Agnes Beck with remained afloat for thirty hours, without touching ground or sides of the tank, singing a little and occasionally reading a newspaper to pass away the dreary monotony, and taking refreshments handed to her. The water had a strong infusion of salt thrown in it to increase its buoyancy. Since that time Captain Webb has eclipsed everything else of the kind known. In the recent month of May he remained in the whale tank no leu than sixty hours continuously, floating all the time, and never touching sides or hot- * torn.— Chamfers' Journal. Wards or Wisdom. Giants in the closets are often but pigmies in the world. Kindness is stowed away in the heart, like rose leaves in a drawer, to sweeten every object around. Without earnestness no man is ever great, or does really great things. He may be the cldterest man; he may be brilliant, entertaining, popular, but he will want weight. Property left to a child may soon be lost; but the inberitanoe of virtue—a good name, an unblemished reputation —will abide forever. If thou who are toiling for wealth to leave their children would but take half the pains to secure for them virtuous habits, how much more serviceable would they be. The largest property may be wrested from a child, but virtue will stand by him to the last. Facts far the Carl sat. A rifle ball moves 1,000 milu per hour. A band (hone measure) is four inches. Rapid riven flow seven milu per hour. Electricity moves 388,000 mike per hour. The first lueifer match was made in 1839. Gold was discovered in California In 1848. A mile is 5,880 feet, or 1,780 yards, in length. Until 1778 cotton spinning was per formed by the hand *pinning-wheei. English solicitors practicing before the borough court of Derby must now wear wigs and gowns. The matter had been seriously discussed by the magistrates, who deeided that the dignity of th court required the wearing of robes sad wigs; sad, as the lord chancellor has approved the resolution of the magis trates, the solicitors have received la tmotioas accordingly.