Flower Seeds Given Away
To every Yearly Subscriber to
The American Garden,
A QUARTO ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL.
ONLY 25 CENTS A YEAR.
SAMI'LK COP IKN, 10 CKNTN.
I \EVOTED exclusively to the Gur
-1 * tlfiilug tDterwata of AtueritL (onulim twrlv*
pK** of t lowly printed unit if i, ridntiug to IIOKTI
CI'LTURK, KLOKKTI.TCIIK THE LAW N, FLOW'KK
AND VROKTADLK (I Alt DEN in nil their vwrird
department*.
EDIT en RV DR. K. M. IIKXAMKK
Tht* popular Maga xi tie, heretofore puhlinhfd by
WK*NR*. llucM, SON I Co., will h*rmft*r I* puhlDlied
by th prtwnit proprietor*, In mi entirely IIPW dretn, and
will appear iii January, April, July uud October of
> car.
Klnt number will be ready at>out April 20th.
Flower Seed* for the Wild Harden.
Every yearly subecriher will receive, in Rildlllon to
the u pocket of FLOWER SEEJ* D>K TIU WILD
GARDEN, which contain* A mixture of upward ONE
HUNDRED VARIETIES. aufthietit for A *jliare n*t of
ground. which will glre a profualoii of fltiwrn during
IIIM entire for w'Ternl ycar* in suet canton In
•tructioDH for awwiiig and iiilwtiuent Treatment of
Flower SwU, %. well a* for othrr plants for tin* Wild
Garden, will h* found In tin* April number of tin*
AMERICAN GARDEN.
B. K. BLISS & SONS, Publisher*,
itJ-'lw 34 llar< lay Klwl, N. w York.
Xeir Victor S.wlny Machine—Harper Brothers, Agents.
fHEW VICTOR.
SIMPLICITY SIMPLIFIED!
rovements September, 1878.
rithstanding tho VICTOR hag long been tin
ny Sewing Machiuo in the market- u fact
il by about of volunteer witnesses—wo now
confidently claim for it greater simplicity,
a wonderful reduction of friction and a r.tro
combination of desirable(|iialiticH. Itsxhut-
Ue in a beautiful specimen.of mechanism,
and taken rank with the highest achievements
'or consign Machines, therefore, have no oi l
We Sell New Machines Every Time.
Send for Illustrated Circular and prices. Liberal terms to the trade. Don't buy
until you have Been the
Most Elegant, Simple and Easy Running Machine in the
Market.—The Ever Reliable VICTOR.
VICTOR SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,
tVoHtern Branch <Llice, SUo STATIC Sr.. ('UICAOO, Inn. MIDDLETOWN, CONN.
HARPER BROTHERS, Agents, Spring Street, ... BKLLKFONTE, PA.
Wilson, Mc Far lane <(- Co., Jla rdirarc Healers.
IE3I .A. 3R, ID "W~
"WILSON, McPARIANE & CO.
DEALERS IN
STOVES, RANGES % HEATERS.
ALSO
Paints, Oils, Glass and Varnishes,
AND
IBTJIILIDIEIE^S'
At.LKOUKNY BTRKKT, .... HUM It' BLOCK, .... BKLLBFOXTK, PA.
ItllsitlfMH C<tr<ln.
HARNESS MANUFACTORY
in <}r!nn'a Xw Block,
lELLKKONTK, PA. l-!y
R P. BLAIR,
1 • JEWELER,
W Oi.'KM, rtiK***, JftWELftV, Mc,
All work On Allegheny
nn*tr Brock#rhtfl l(ouf. 4-tf
DEALERS IN PUKK DRUGS ONLY.
3 | ZELLER A SON, $
J • URUOQISTS,
"2 1 * > ft. Brockerboff Row. , 2
| All the Standard patent Medicine* Pre- *
X *crlptloii* ri.| Fwmiljr Rec Ipw accurately! r
3! priiwd. Tru#e, Shoulder Hracee, Ac,, Ac. | 3
I *',?
I 01718 DOLL,
• I J FASHIONABLE BOOT A SHOEMAKER,
BrockerholT Row, Allegheny *treet,
1-lj Bellefonte. I
■. c. mm, Pre.'t. J. r. **!*. Ca*h'/.
T7IRST NATIONAL RANK OF
1 BELLEFONTE.
AlUib'u; MirMt, HtlltfMlla, Fa 4-tf
CENTRE COUNTY BANKING
COMPANY.
kwdw Depoelt*
And Allow Inter#*!,
Hrmml Not**;
Boy wil Hell
Oov. gorarftlee,
Uold end Coupon*.
Jam M A. Bxxriu, President.
J. B. RICAUT.CwIiIar. Wf
CONSUMPTION
POSITIVELY CURED.
ALL sufferers from this disease
Hint tr? amino* In b* cured ahnnM try Da.
KISSNER'S CELEBRATED CONSUMPTIVE POW
DERS. Tlie*e Powder* nreth* only preparation known
thai will rnr* CoaacMPTlo* and all ill****** of th*
Trmoat A Ltrao*—lndeed. *o ilnmj l> onr falih In
them. and al*n to eonTlnr* you that thay ar on hum
bog, w will forward to every anfferer by mall, po*t
paid, a ran* Taut Box.
Wo don't want your money until yon ar* perfortl*
*aU*tld of thetr rural!*# power* If your life ie worth
■avlag. don't delay In firing those powtm a trial, a*
they will aurely cur# yon.
■ Prlr*. for large li S3 no, tent to any part of th*
United State* or Canada, l>y mall, on receipt of prire.
Addreee,
ASH A ROBBINB,
44-ly 360 Fulton Street, Brooklyn, N. T.
FITS, EPILEPSY,
OR
FALLlftft KICKNKNN
PERMANENTLY CURED—No
1 Ilnmbuf—by ana month', nragt of Or, Qon
lard't Celebrated lefhlbbl* FltPoerdnm. To con
*lnc* enfferer* that than* powder* will d<> all we claim
for them we will eeud them by mall, roe* PAIS, a ran
fllit nog. At Dr. floalard I* the only phyetetan that
ha* erei made thl* dl***a* a ipeclal tndy, and a* lo
onr knowledge thouMnd* hare been r**MTLI rur
ed by th* n*e of th**# Puwntn*. w ■ WILL auaktnrii *
pibmamimt rnr* In ***ry caee, or narvan roti au.
MOMXT unmi. All "offerer* ahoohl fir* Uim*
Powder* an early trial, and be convinced of their cura
tive power*.
Price, for large box, 13.00, or 4 box** for 110.00, •*!
by mall In any part of the United State* or Canada on
red apt of price, or by expreae C. 0. D, Addrem
ASH A BOBBINS,
44-1 y. :u Fulton Street, Rronklyn, N. T.
r pHE CENTRE DEMOCRAT
BOOK and JOB OFFICE
BUSH HOUSE BLOCK,
HBLLEPONTR, I'A.,
IK NOW OKKKKINU
GRE A T INDUCEME NTS
TO TIIOKK Wlßlll NO riRIT>CUM
Plain or Fancy Printing.
Wo have unusual facilities fur printing
LAW BOOKS,
PAMPHLETS,
CATALOGUES,
PKOGKAMMES, '
STi TKMKNTS,
CI ECU L AKS,
HILL HEADS,
NOTE HEADS,
BUSINESS CARDS,
INVITATION CARDS,
CARTES I)E VISITE,
CARDS ON ENVELOPES,
AND ALL KINDS OF BLANKS.
HjrP riiiting done in tho beat style, on
short notice and Ht tho lowest rates.
Itty Orders by mail will receive prompt
attention.
BELLEFONTE A SNOW SHOE
R R.—Time-Table In effect on and after Mr
1, 1";
l-*a>* Snow Shoe 7. 1 D A. M.,aitive* in Bellefoute
0.10 A. M.
I-*•**• Bellefout* 10.7'- A. M., arrive* at Snow Shoe
lt-'.7 A. M
Leave* Snow sho* 2.'*t r. u.,arrive* in B*lt*fnt*
3 t'> r. M.
Leave. Bellefout* 4.14 r M .alTlr** at Snow Shin
0.47 r. M. DANIEL KIIOADS,
tl.neral Superintendent
OALD EAGLE VALLEY RAIL
! 1J HOAD.—Time-Tabla, April 20. lew,;
I Exp. Mall. wtatUAan. t*,Tw*t>. Exp. Mall
A u. r. it. , v a. ■
! * 10 tl 32 Arrive at Tvrone l-aave—. 7 a a yn
1 * 3 A 2ft Leave Ea*t Tyrone Leave... 7 14 X 27
i 1 49 21 " Vail ... 7IS n3l
745 r, 17 " Bald Fagl* " ... 723 *l7
|7 4* ti !i ...... " F'-wter " —7 33 a 4*.
i7 42 r. 3 " Hannah " ... 736 V 7
736 646 " P-vrt Matilda " ... 744 916
727 447 ...... " Martha " ... 742 02*
7|H IB " .In Han •• ... | *4„
| 7 0 627 " rnionvllle " ... II 11 9 4.1
7 <** 4IS " Snow Shoe In " ... 421 941
( 6 .'at 414 ...... " Milevbnrg " ... a24 11 44
i 6 46 5 ft M Bellefonte " ... 632 41
630 4 4ft ...... •* Mlleabnrg " ... 144 10 3
;6 24 446 .. " Curtln " „. a4410 14
*la 440 " Mount Eagle " ... 00010 la
6 9 431 " Howard •• ... 9 alO 29
6V. 420 .... Eaglevitle •• ... olalo 42
16 40 414 " Be*. I, 1 'reek " *2210 47
634 4 0 " Mill Hall " ... 1411 00
529 4on ...... " Flemlnxtoa M ... 937 11 4
524 344 " Lock Haven " ... a42 11 a
I PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
A -(Flilladelphla and Brie Dtvlalon.V—On and
after December 12, ia77 :
WBSTWARD.
ERIK >1 A 11. leave* Philadelphia 11 44 p m
" HarrUbnrg 424 a m
" Wllliamaport 434 a m
" Lock Haven 040 a m
" Rvnovo... 10 44 a m
" arrive* at Erie 7 3ft p m
| NIAOARA EXPRESS leave. Philadelphia.. 720 a m
" Harrlahnrg.... 10 AO a m
" Wllliamaport. 220 p m
" arrivm at Renovo. 4 40 p m
Paaeenger* by thl* train arr.v* In Belle
fonte at..— 4 34 p m
FAST LINE leave* Philadelphia 11 44 a m
" llarrlebvirg 3 .Vi p m
" WilliamiDort 730 p m
" arrive* at Lork Haven 640 p m
EASTWARD.
PACIFIC EXPRESS leave* le k Haven. ft 4ft a m
" Wllliamaport... 744 a m
arrive* at Harrlaburg 11 44 am
" Philadelphia... 344 p m
DAT EXPRESS laavea Renovo 10 10am
" " Lock llavea It 20am
" M Wllliamaport— 12 40* m
" arrive* at Harrlaburg 4 10 p m
" " Philadelphia. 720 p m
ERIE MAIL leave* Renovo a .V. p m
" Lock Haven 044 p m
" Willlameport. ............. 11 OA p m
" arrive* at Harrlaburg 2 44 a m
" " Philadelphia 700 a m
FAST LINE leave* Wllliamaport 12 34 a m
" arrl*F*l llarrlahnrx 3 Aft a m
" " Philadelphia 786 a m
Erie Mall Weal, Niagara Ktpre** Wwt, Lork Hav*n
Accommodation W**t. and Day Kxpreee Kaat, make
cloa* connection* *1 Northumberland wllh L. A B. B.
R. train* for Wl|k**b*rr* and Scran ton.
Erl* Mail W*ot, Niagara Exprea* W**t, and Erie
Ktpree* Weat, and teel Haven Accommodation Weot,
maka ch*e connection at Willlamapoit wltn N. C. R.
W. train* north.
Erie Mnll We*t, Niagara Exprea* Weot, and Day
Exprea* Kaat. make cloa* connection at Lock Ifavan
With B. K. V. R R. train*.
Erl* Mail Kaat and Wewt connect at Erl* with train*
on L. 8. A M. S. R. R„ at Oorry with 0. C. A A. V. R.
R., at Emporium with R N. T. A P. R. IL, an I n
Driftwood with A. V. R. R.
Parlor car* will run between Philadelphia and
Willlameport on Niagara Exprra* Wert, Erl* Exprea*
Waal, Philadelphia Exprea* Rait and Day Kxprvww
Eaet, and Snnday Exprea* Feet Sleeping oar* on all
night train*. W. A. Btiuwtw,
Hen'l Superintendent.
BKL I, KFONTK, PA.
it.G-HIC"CrijTVItALi.
NEWS, PACTS A Nil HUOUEHTIONH.
TBS TS*T F TBI XATIOBAL WlLrill IS TBI INTKLLI-
Hiso* ,*N NUM-MIRR or THS IIIIU.
Every farmer in AIM annual experience
discovers something of value. Write it and
send it to the "Agricultural Editor of the
DKMIICHAT, Jtellefonte, I'enn'a," that other
farmers may have the benefit of it. Let
communications be timely, and be sure that
they are brief and iveil pointed.
-
THE beneficial effects of mulching
are very evident to every one who has
pructiced it, but the whys and where
fores of it we have never seen satis
factorily explained. In another col
umn of this number we quote from
the Tribune u synopsis of a very
interesting paper on the Science of
Mulching, from the pen of Mr. W.
| W. Newman.
THE Legislature of New York has
| taken a most important step towards
I furthering the farming interests of
J that great State, in the establishment
of an Agricultural Gx|>eriment Hu-
I rcau, and providing an annual appro
j priation of $20,000 for its use. The
J management of this enterprise rests
in a Hoard of Control, constituted
somewhat like our State Hoard of
Agriculture, and including some of
the best names among New York
farmers. We congratulate our farm
ing brethren of New York upon the
wisdom of their Legislature. It is to
be regretted that our own law makers
have been so prc-occupied with other
matters as to be unable to profit by
the good example thus set them. In
speaking of this matter the Record
says: The leading idea of this move
ment is, in brief, to enable the farm
ers of the State to get the best crops
at the least cost. To this end careful
experiments will lie made with seeds,
manures and artificial fertilizers, soils
will lie tested and information will be
collected and disseminated as to the
best methods of farming, including
the reduction of noxious weeds, the
destruction of harmful insects and
the utilization of wasteful products.
Everything that pertains to the econ
omy of the farm will receive attention.
Great advantage will undoubtedly
result to the agricultural interest.
Experiment stations of the kind
contemplated in New York have been
for some time established in Connec
ticut and North Carolina, while some
thing in that direction has been done
in New Jersey, In Germany, where
the system originated, there are sev
enty-fivc of these stations, and several
of them are in operation in Italy,
Austria, Sweden and other countries.
The Connecticut station is asserted
to have been wortb half a million
dollars to that State, and a quarter
of a million is claimed to have been
saved to the farmers of North Caro
lina by the station established there.
The exposure of frauds in fertilizers
is one important province of these
stations. Some samples analyzed in
Connecticut were found to consist
almost wholly of worthless sand or
ashes, and similar results attended
the tests of commercial manures in
North Csrolina.
Agriculture is the foremost of
human industries. It is the one in
terest, in fact, on which all others
depend. Whatever advances it nec
essarily benefits the entire community*
and it is every way proper and desir
able that it should share in the pro
gress and improvement which the
application of scientific principles and
processes has so liberally brought to
the other avocations of mankind.
Lubricators for Farm Wagons and Ma
chinery.
A correspondent of the Tribune
writes to that paper as follows:
A few weeks ago you quoted a
recommend of castor oil as wagon
greae. Are you sure that was good
advice ? Is not csstor oil too glutin
ous; does it not soon get gummy and
aticky, therefore cease to lubricate or
enable the wheel to turn easily ? Do
you think there is a maehinist in the
country who uaea castor oil as a lu
bricator on any machine, whether
the bearings be large or small, wheth
er the motion lie fast or slow ? Pieaae
give us another article on a good lu
bricator for wagons:
Most farm wagons are now made
with iron spindles and boxes, and for
these, as for all farm machinery, we
believe that castor oil la the bed lu
bricator, and this belief is based upon
an experience of nearly ten years. !
For wagons we use the castor oil
pure and simple, anil unrefined. For
the farm machinery of ull descrip
tions, "whether the bearings be large
or small, whether the motion be fast
or slow," we add to the castor oil
a proportion of common coal oil,
which is greater or less as the bour
ings are large or small, the motion
fast or slow, and the weather hot or
cold. In comparison with a half-doz
en other lubricators which we have
been induced to try, this proves most
satisfactory.
When to Sell Wheat.
In a question of so much import
ance the experience and observation
of the individual farmer may not
always prove to be the best possible
guide. Indeed it is quite possible
that the carefully kept records of
those who are in a position to know
the fluctuations of the markets from
flay to day and week to week, may
bring the farmer to conclusions quite
opposite to those he would deduce
from his own experience. The Onon
daga Farmer's Club, which is one of
the few live, practical clubs of the
country, lately invited Mr. K. M.
Gibson, commercial editor of the
•Syracuse .Joninn/ , to read them a
paper upon the statistics of the wheat
trade, and the Tribune summarizes
the paper so far as it relates to this
branch of the subject as follows :
The statement ol price* by month* is
instructive, showing t)it the highest
rate prevail* in May, when the crop
prospect* ol the year arc as yet uncer
tain. It indicates that a condition of
incertitude is more favorable to specu
lation than the most discouraging reali
ty. June is next to May in elevation of
price*; then .July, Sy which time the
pouring in of new grain makes the
prices of August the lowest of the your.
Die rate then slowly rises through Sep
tember, October and December. Then
the closing of navigation ami the raining
of railroa't freights depress prices below
the October level, hut in February they
rally to no equality with the quotations
of .July. Farmers would do well to note
these facts, and sell before the setting
in of winter, unless they can afford to
wait till spring and get the benefit of
highest prices, l'.ut there are contin
gencies— war in Kurope, "wheat cor
ners" made by home speculator*, and
minor causes of difference—that may
change the average course of the mar
ket. To hold means loss of interest,
danger from heating in elevators and
from mice and insects in granaries. It
is a question that should tie wisely con
sidered by the farmer in view of his
own immediate want* and the risk* of
the future. Asa rule, it is generally
safer to sell when the crop i* ready for
the market, unless there is a glut and
prices exceptionally low.
Upon this same subject wc find, in
the current number of the American
Farmer , a tabular statement of the
average price paid jicr month for the
past fifteen years, at a prominent
mill in Maryland. It w ill lie seen by
tbis tabic that the lowest price during
the year is in the months just follow
ing harvest—August and September
—and that the highest, by 13 cents
per bushel, is in the month of April.
Whether this gain of something more
than seven per cent, in price is not
more than offset by the loss ol inter
est, shrinkage, saltage, and risk of
destruction by fire, is a question for
each farmer to decide for himself,
but wc arc very much inclined to
agree with Mr. Gibson when he says
that "as a rule, it is safer to sell when
the crop is ready for market, unless
there is a glut, and prices are excep
tionally low
5 ? f r-'f Ptcsrf ? T
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fj if ill lli III!
iglljjjl ! I M I ll • !
a I
g 1 tKtattt
aliiSt its?-
_al ps?st.ffggasaga <*"*"•
z. | ?: v y 4'i f£Jr ** ' : ' v "'
ilifilft isiS. £ **g| p * c - ,b * r
g ! ft J '" n "r
- I ~ —m*
V.l fitillllMlM 111
1 1 * Ur,h
- I •--•* - K -KMU * .
SI gSßgg*39ggKgßt>l A| ""
-I.L* ** ? g* ILJIII Bt>l Mty -
JJiiiiilfi I*"**"
- I Arm* pr
.81 KStftgfttftgjEjH'a'Kfil .. .*'•' *
TIIR local crop reports attest this
season, as in former years, the advan
tage of drilling wheat—in the quick
er start, more vigorous growth, ex
emption from injuries by frost and
flood, and an earlier harvest. Rarely
is an exception noted to the economy
and safety of drilling in preference
to broadcasting, at least in the win
ter wheat region. The practice in not
to common in the districts where
spring wheat is grown.
Agricultural Books and Heports.
Wo have received from Prof. (J. C.
Caldwell, Director, the 11 ret annual Report
of the Cornell University Experiment Sta
tion. It is a neatly printed pamphlet of
j I Hit pages, most of which are tilled with
matter of great value to farming interest*.
Some HO pugi-n an- occupied by Dr. James
Law (than whom there is no bettor author
ity) with " Observations on tho Lung
| I'lague of Cattle." The Entomological
and Horticultural Reports of Profs, itar-
I nurd and Lazcnby, and the Field Kxperi
j inenls with Crops, by Prof. Roberts, ure
| particularly interesting to the practical
1 farmer.
i The American Harden for July has made
its appearance and fully justifies the good
opinion we conceived of it when Messrs.
lllis* Ai Hons issued the first number.
The fuel that t)r. iloAnnjor edit* it is suffi
cient to bespeak for it the confidence of
| the gardening public. Published quarterly,
at HI Barclay Street, New York.
Plant on Fresh Ground.
A cot respondent of the New Kng
j bind Farmer , contributes a bit of ex
perience which it would Ist; well to
I cut out, and paste in our hats for ref
erence at next spring's planting:
While visiting Mr. Thompson, of Hop
kinton, we were shown a line through
I the beet field on one side of which
I tin- plant* stood thick and even, wiiile
I on the other tho beet plant* were very
; scattering, while in between wa* anoth
|er crop which inn! come up later. This
j difference wa* all caused by n delay in
! planting the latter portion after the
\ ground was prepared, 'Die planting wa*
commenced on Saturday, and all the
| -iced planted that day came up well, but
j the remainder put in Monday morn
) ing. after the soil had been exposed to
i twelve hour* of scorching sunshine,
j which dried the surface down as low a*
j the seed* were planted, carne up very
| irregularly, the majority only appearing
| after a shower that came subsequently.
; 'Die same effect mut have been noticed
| HI thousands of gardens where the seeds
j planted early, and at the time of prep
I aratiori, came up well, but when those
j put in later, in hilt* or drill*, previously
i prepared, have utterly failed.
The Science of Mulching.
Mr. \V. W. Newman, in a paper re
cently read before the Onondaga
Farmers' Club, grants that there is
some foundation for the common be
lief that soil covered by boards,
stones, or a mulch of any kind is
mellowed and fertilized, even though
nothing can be derived, except in the
last case, from the covering material.
The explanation of the effect produc
ed he finds, first, in the fact that the
ground is kept moist and porous, no
hard crust being formed on the sur
face by the sun and heating rains ;
and, secondly that ants, worms and
other smaller animals live and burrow
and die under such covering, pulver
izing the soil and fertilizing it with
their excrements and their bodies.
Mr. Newman supposes also that the
ditlerence in temperature caused by
the mulch may have something to do
with the enriching changes that go
on liencath it, but for this supposition
wc find no foundation. Indeed, we
may almost be satisfied with the first
reason. Every arable soil contains
an immense quantity of plant food
that is not in fit condition for the use
of vegetation, but must first suffer
certain chemical changes by which it
is converted from insoluble to soluble
forms, or from compounds that are
less acceptable to the plant. Such
changes cannot go on at all in a very
dry soil, and .they will go on most
rapidly in a moid rather than a wet
soil.
One of the most important of these
unavailable constituents of plant food
is the nitrogen of vegetable and ani
mal residues. By oxidation in a
damp soil with free access of air
through its porous surface, tbis nit
rogen passes, to a greater or less ex
tent, into the form of nitrates, spe
cially valuable for plant food. It has
been recently shown that this nitrifi
cation. as it is called, is brought
al>out by the agency of minute living
organisms, and that they work better
in the dark than in the light; hence
in a soil under a covering of any
kind that excludes light and prevents
evaporation, but does net exclude
the air, the conditions are most favor
able for this exceedingly important
chemical change. Nitrates are easi
ly leached out of a soil by percolat
ing water; under a stone or board
this leaching will not take place as
readily as in an uncovered soil ; there
fore we are Inclined to believe that a
soil which lias thus been protected
during several weeks of warm weath
er will be found to Ire richer in ni
trates than a soil close by it hut un
protected, and that herein lies the
chief reason of the enriching of the
soil under such circumstances.
Ma. WARNER says: "Nothing
shows one who hia friends are like
prosperity and ripe fruit. I had a
good friend in the country whom I
almost never visited except in cherry
time. By your fruits you shall know
them."
LOSE no time in searching for the
apple-borer, a white grub that pene
trates the trunk just about the sur
face of the soil; a sharp-pointed
knife, aided by a stiff wire, will prove
efficacious.
Attention to fruit Trees.
from tin' o)aiitry Snlknra.
'I here are a few operations, •raall
In themselves, which are often over
looked in summer, the neglect of
which results in ponitive harm. Trees
which were recently out, and arc
making their first growth in the or
chard this year, should have the soil
kept clean and mellow about them
for a few feet on each Hide. Their suc
cess and thrifty growth depend large
ly on thin care. When the hot, dry
days of mid-summer make their ap
pearance, newly set cherry trees are
greatly benefited, and ofteil saved
from destruction, by a copious mulch
ing. Where grafts have been set on
young or old trees, examine them and
rub off all shoots springing up below
the grafts.
The present is the best time to re
move suckers from the trunks of or
chard trees—not by cutting them
away and leaving stumps which will
send up new suckers, but by pulling
them off with a brisk jerk downwards,
i setting the foot first on them if they
are strong. If low down, remove the
earth about the tree. A gouge and
mallet may be needed for large suck
ers. 15y timely rubbing off young
supernumerary shoots on young or
chard trees, the tops may be brought
into good shape without the neetaisity
of heavy pruning in future. Regis
ter newly set trees in a book before
the labels or names are lost.
Hints for Celery Growers.
j P. T. Qiiit.fi in Atterirnii Oanit-t).
Market gardeners who grow celery
for profit, and whose methods it is
[ safe to follow, always raise this veg
etable as a second crop. The ground
is heavily manured in the spring with
composted yard manure, and then
planted with early cabbages, onions,
lor lieets. These crops are harvested
early in July, and the ground is then
plowed immediately and made fine
and mellow with a smoothing harrow.
Then the celery is planted and kept
| scrupulously clean from grass and
j weeds, and under ordinary circum
stances a full crop is obtained by the
I close of the season.
The old fashioned method of dig
ging trenches to plant celery in, is
j numbered among tilings of the past.
It is only put in practice now by
some antiquated men who style them
; selves gardeners. The method is la
i lKirious, expensive and materially re
tards the growth of the plants.
Jumping at Conclusions.
Frotii the Itaral New Yorker.
How easy it is to arrive at wrong
conclusions. There are two fields of
corn near us, l>oth upon sod. Upon
j one a tablespoon ful of bone-pbospbate
was used in the hill. Upon the other,
j farm manure. The first is far ahead
of the other, and the farmer concludes
that the difference is owing to the
i superiority of the phosphate over the
manure. In this season of drought
jwc have had no rain to penetrate
j three inches below the surface. No
j doubt the farm manure, which re-
mains in heated masses in the hills,
| lias exerted an injurious effect upon
! the growing com, while the table
spoonful of phosphate has exerted no
! effect of any kind. Had a tablespoon
-1 ful of plaster or sand been placed in
the bill, probably the effect would
; have been precisely the same. Rut
the farmer has determined to use a
| tablespoonful of phosphate in the hill
j for his corn crop hereafter.
Preservation of Green Fodder.
Vrtsn K-jxirt ofCVro*ll Ktp*rlm't Sutton
Having a large amount of refuse
cabbage leaves, turnip tops, etc , when
we harvested hese crops last fall, wc
tried the experiment of manufacturing
some "ensi/tiye," adopting the process
used in the manufacture of "sour hay.*'
It consisted simply of closely packing
this succulent refuse matter into a pit
dug into the ground, and covering it
with a layer of earth about two feet
in thickness. This pit was opened
last April,and the product was found
to be in excellent condition, and was
readily, even greedily, eaten by cattle.
It had not molded in the least, but
was changed into a dark brown pro
duct with a strong, sour odor. We
were gratified by the success of the
experiment for it showed that by this
simple process we could save and
turn to good account what would
otherwise have been lost.
GEORGIA'S Commissioner of Agri
culture. Mr. T. G. Henderson, of At
lanta, urges farmers to give more at
tention to tbc improvment of seeds,
and mentions horticultural successes
in this direction "little less than won
derful. Fifteen years ago, the earli
est |>each ripened nbout the 24th of ,
June. Now a number of varieties
ripen by the 24th of May. The to
mato, formerly no larger than a plum,
has been improved, until now single
specimens often weigh more than a
pound."
1 KNOW of no plant that is aide to
compete with winter rye in growing
fodder during the month of April and
early |rt r May. I know of noth
ing in the months of May and June
able to grow as much good fodder as
grass land in good condition. For
the months of July and August corn
is our grand fodder producing plant.
For September and October I know
of nothing equal to barley.