New Advertisements.
DOUDLE HARPOON
Horse Hay-Fork.
BEST IN THE WORLD.
lJpNcript 1 v I'ntiilofiie moit fret*.
PENNOCK MANUFACTURING CO.,
sw. KRNNETT SAFARI, ChMter County, L'.
A New Early Sweet Potato,
EARLY GOLDEN.
in cnrlinoss, productive
color mI quality. I'roilticrd tutH*ra large
piiougU for the market in eighty days.
(hi account of it* Ea;•// Maturity, it is he
tiered to be better adapted for Culti•
ration in the Northern States
than any other variety.
In ulinpe they are miniewhat shorter than the ordinary
>arttlM, of a goltleii yellow color, cook very tlrv, and
an- -'f an|N*rlor flavor, will grow on quite ordinary noil
with but a alight coat of maiture, yielded a large crop
the |Mi.t MaoD upon land that would not grow above
fifteen lUhelaof com to the acre. An excellent kue|e
vr The uioat valnatde variety in cultivation.
Price of alipa. with directlona for planting, hy mail,
pott-paid, 60 eenta per tloxon ; 81.26 for fifty ; S2.(K) pr
inindral; $12.50 per thousand.
I). K. BLISS & SONS.
24-3 34 Hard ay Street, New York. J
New Victor Sewing Machine Harper Brothers, Agents.
KJHE MEW VjCTOR.
SIMPLICITY SIMPLIFIED!
wIHSSi Improvements September, 1878.
jM Notwithstanding tho VTCTOIi has long been th<
IVrNI VflflKnJß P oo ' ftn y Machine in tho market- a fact
IV If supported by a host of volunteer witnesses-tvo now
IE II WTf II , >'' ■ i confidently claim for it greater simplicity,
K II ykmffcxjffif, i ° wonderful reduction of friction and n r .re
W combination of desirable qualities. Its K lint
tie mecLauisia,
' /WW nl "' ril "' i w "b the highest acbievi iai nts
f VC^, " l j So'e. We do 1., ]. ■
We Sell New Machines Every Time,
Rend for Illustrated Circular an.l prices. I.ibend terms to the trade. Don't buy
until you have s..n the
Most Elegant, Simple and Easy Running Machino in the
Market.—'The Ever Reliable VICTOR.
VICTOR 3EWINC MACHINE COMPANY,
Western Branch <>. Vi •. C'j.; Si.traßr.. ftuLtoo. MIDDLETOWK. COr.'lf.
llAltl'hU BROTHERS, Agents, Spring Street, - iIELLEFONTK, l'A.
II ilson. Me Ear lane .('• Co., Hardware lhaiers.
ZHI .A. IER, ID "W"
AVILSOJST, CO.
DEALERS IN
STOVES, RANGES ? HEATERS.
ALSO
| Faints, Oils, Glass and Varnishes,
AND
AUfIOUKMT BTRBKT. .... Ill'MßS' III,OCR, - - . . RRM.Kr.NTH, PA
liuniiiCKß Cardn.
HA RNESS MAxuFACTORY
in Garman'e Now 111.0 k,
BKI.I.KFONTK, I'A. |_j,
; r P.BLAIR,
* • JEWELER,
WATCH**, ClOCg*, JEWKLXT, AC.
All work n**.itly **xs-u(**<l. Oo ■trat,
! nmlor HP* k rli.fT IIOIIIH*. 4. 1f
DKALKKS IN PUKE I) It UOS ONLY.
;• I ZELLERA SON, i
• tin Kill is rs,
N. H. Brorkerhoff Row. £
. All the Standard Patent jnc* Pro a
T *eriptlnrii nn.l Family Keelpe* accurately' ~
[ 73 prepured. Trusses, Hbouldar llracea, Ac., Re. ! 3
r 4ir |
j r oris doll,
I J FASHIONABLE BOOT A SHOEMAKER,
Brufk'-ihulT How,
1-ly irllA)tit, I*®.
| *. c. Ni'Mu, PrWt. i. P. I a IMS. (Wr.
EMRST NATIONAL BANK OF
I RKLI.EFONTE,
Allegheny Street. Itellefonte, I'a. 4-tf
pBNTRB COUNTY BANKING
COMPANY.
, R.l>fpOit
And Allow Tnt*rf*t,
DUoniiil Notn;
Buy and felt
HOT. HFRMLT i* (
I Mil and Coupon*,
JAMS* A. BRAVE*. Pr-il#M,t.
J. D. MNCOEiT.Chif>r. 4.tf
CONSUMPTION
POSITIVELY CURED.
VLL sufferers from tbis disease
that ar anxious to h® cured should try li
KISSNKRS CELEBRATED CON a I MPTIV F. BOW
TIERS. These Pnw.|er>.re the only preparation known
that will cur. OowecnrTln* and all Hi-cere of the
THSOXT Aim Ltrxo*—lndeed, no strong !• our fallh in
theia, .ml el no to convince yon that tliey are no hum
bug, we will forward to every mifTerer l.y mall, i*t
paid, a rare. Tarn llox.
We don't want your money nntil yon are perfe.tlr
aitiafled of their curative power*. If your life la wortii
saving. don't delay In riving there PUWDEK* a trial, aa
they will anrely en re yon.
Price, for large box, *1.(10, aenl lo any part of the
L'nited State, or Canada, by mail, on receipt of price.
Addrrea,
ASH & ROBBINS,
44-ly .'l6O Fulton Street, Brooklyn, H. Y.
PITS, EPILEPSY,
OR
FALLLVG SHKYIvSW
[PERMANENTLY CURED—No
. .. ''""bug-hy •"* month'a usage of Dr. 000
lard • C.lebraled Infallible FitPowdara.' To enn
xluce aufferere that three powderr will do all we claim
for them we will rend them l.y mall, roar rttn, a rata
TKiaa .ox. Aa Dr. (Joulard ia the only phyaieian thai
baa ever made thla diaeaae a aperlal study, and aa to
our knowledge thousands have I,—r, rxau tvrXTl.r enr
"l by Ibe uae of tlieu. Powoton, ** wtu. OIMBIXTIS a
praxAKixT cure In every care, or aartran oo IU
MOSSY axravnsD. All aulferera aliould give three
I'ow.lere an early trial, and be convinced of their cura
tive re. were.
Price, for large hot, *I.OO, or 4 hoxre for gio.no eenl
by mail lo any part of the United Statee or Canada on
reelept of price, or by express. 0. 0. D. A.l.lrrea
ASH &, BOBBINS,
44-ly, M 0 Pulton Street, Brooklyn, R. T.
Flower Seeds Given-Away
To every Yearly Subscriber to
The American Garden,
A UUAUTO II.I.CBTKATKD JOL'LTNAU
ONLY 2 6 CENTS A YEAR.
PAMI'I.K COI'JKH, 10 CUNTS.
DEVOTED exclusively to the (iar
tlcnliiK inliiri'dii of Amvrluo. Contain. twi>lv
W™ ot rliowljr J>. Jnt.-.l matter, relatliiK to lIOKTI
CI LTIiRK.KUHtICUI.TUMK. TIIKI.AM N, Kt.uW t.lt
A Nit VKtIKTAIII.K (lAUDKN |„ „|| tholr varied
(lepartßH'ii t.
KI.ITBI. BI DK. K. M. HKXAMICK.
Tbia popular MK/.III, l.eretolbro liubl labial l,y
M Malta. Ilia, ii. SON A IV, w ill hereafter la. niihlialxal
I'.v 0" priao ut proprietor., IN an entirely now drew ami
*lll apiaair m January, April, July „„.| (Xlober of
each jour.
Klrat number will bo roa.ly ala.ut April 'JOtb.
Flower Seeds for the Wild Garden.
Kvorv yearly aubacrilißr will rooolv*. In mlilillou to
tlie paper, n packet of KLOWBH Sr. Una roit tor Wn.n
liAKBkM, übbll Contain. II llliKtllio of lipHitlil o.n
lui.Nimr.n VAIUCTIBH, •nflhfent for a annate rod ol
jtroiinJ which will give profu.loii of llowora during
the entire ii'll Hi >n for *everai year* in•tioceMioti In
ktruction- lor kowing and kiilmuqueiit Treatloeiit of
r lower Seeda, HJI well aa lor other planta for the Wild
uurdfii, will fotiml in the April nuiiiher of the
AMMUCAN CURDI*.
B. K. BLISS & SONS, l*ubliherM t
27-.w 34 Ban-lay Street, New York.
HKLLEFONTK A SNOW SHOE
B. fl.—Tim*-TaMi IN rfTtnt 011 and after MAJ
1.1SM0:
learns .Snow Shoe 7.20 A. M.,rrirot in ib dlrfonb
t 9.10 A. M.
r lr>®v Bllfon(e lO.C-' A. M.,rrlvN it Snow Sbw
j 11.57 A. M
I Uvm Snow Sho® 2.00 r. arrive* in lbdltfotit*
.345 r. *.
lbdlpfont* ft 15 r II ..arrlva* at Snow Bbo*
j 6.67 r. *. DAN IKb KIIOADS,
J o*n*ral Bnp*rintnd*nt.
[PALD EAOLE VALLEY RAIL-
J y RnAD -Tm*-Tablr, April J!\ !<"•:
, Kxp. Mail, WMTWABD. EASTWARD. K*p. Mail
I *• *• * *• P M. A M
* lo (1 .72 Arrlrr ®t Trron" L#aTs,.... 7 ft ft 'jn
* • ft -£•* Tyron* 7!." H j;
7v ' -l " V®|| •• ... 719 n7l
7V fi 17 M Habl Kagla " ... 7 H
| 7 4- 0 " r..wlsr " ... 7 Ct m f.
I7 42 0 3 •• llannah M ... ?30 9 7
, 7 f* u B'rl Ma tibia M ... 744 9 If,
:7 27 ft 47 " Hartba M ... 762 92*
7 H 6 .71 u Julian M ... h 1 9 4f
ij 7 o ft 27 " t'nionTilla •• ... §ll 9 4::
7 m *1 1* M Snow Mihs In •• ... ft 21 9A]
i 6 ."6 ft Ift " Mil"Lnrg " ... ft 24 9 ft.'-
! 6 40 ft .5 " llf'llfft.itto • ... ft 32 ft 61
fl .70 4to •• MilraLurg M ... ft 4ft 10 3
0£ 4 4.' •• Curtin ** ... ft ftft lo 14
61H 440 11 MoWlt flagta " ... 9 CM* 10 19
ft 9 431 '* llowanl " ... 9 ft jo '/*•
ft to 4 'JO ..... ** Kaglstill* M ... 9 Ift 10 42
.5 AO 4 Ift " ItfM b 1 'ra*k " ... 92210 47
6 M 4 3 M Mill Hall " ... 934 11 Of.
629 400 •• H*iningt"n '* ... 937 11 4
6 2ft 3to M !,nc|| llstr-n • ... 942 11 ft
|PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
* —(Philadelphia and Erie Dlvlalon.y—On and
after Dreember lg, INJ* :
WESTWARD.
EKIF. MAIL leave. Philadelphia II ftft p m
" llarrlaburg 4v& .
" Wllllama|iort 6 ,'IA a m
" " lex k llaven 040 a m
" Kenova 10 Ma m
" arrive* at Erie ; xipm
: NIAGARA EXPRESS leave. Philadelphia.. 7 Ji arn
" lUrrlAl.iirg ... 11l M a m
" W~lll|amprt. 2go p m
" arrive, at Rertovo. 4 40 p rn
| Paaaengera hy tbia train arr.ve in Relte
fonle at 4 36 p m
| PAST I.INK Irevea Philadelphia II 4Vam
" " Harrl.horg 3 3.'i pin
" WllllainAiKirt 7nop HI
" arrive* al l/ick llaven k4O p m
EASTWARD.
, PACIFIC EXPRESS leave* lee-k llaven 6 40 a m
•' Wllllamaport... 7 Man
" arrive* at Ifarriehnrg II Mam
" Philadelphia.,,. 3 4' pin
I DAY EXPRESS leave* 10 10 am
" leak Haven 11 20 am
" Willi*in*4>nrt lg 40 a m
" arrive* at
" Philadelphia. 7go p m
ERIE MAIL leaves Renovo. S 37 p m
" lerrk Haven 04Ap in
" Willlamaport— 11 0.7 p m
" arrive# al llarrfahnrg. 245 am
" Philadelphia 700 am
PAST LINE leaves Wlllfamat*irt 12 35 a m
14 arrive* at llarrlaburg... 358 a m
" " Philadelphia 735 a m
Erie Mall Wrel, Niagara P.xpreaa Wait, lerek Haven
Accommodation W ret. and Day Rxpreav Kaat, make
clore connection* at Northnmherland with t. A B. H.
R. train* for Wllkesbarr* and Se.ranton.
Erie Mall Wret, Niagara Kiprre* West, and Erl.
Ext>re*a ret, and Locli llaven Accommodation Wret,
mak. eltw. connection at Wllllameport with N.C. R.
W. trains north.
Erie Mall Wret, Niagara Exprere Wret, and Day
Exprere East, make rloee connection at lock Haven
With H. K V. K K train*.
Brie Mall Kaet and Wret connect al Erie wttb train*
on 1.. §. A M. S. R. R., at Oovry with O. C. A A. V. R.
R., at EuiimHum with R. N. T. A P. R. R., an I at
Driftwood with A. V. R. R.
Parlor care will rnn Iwtween Philadelphia and
Wllllameport on Niagara Exprere Wret, Erie Exprere
Wrel, Philadelphia Kaprew East and Day Bspree*
East, and Sunday Exprere East. Bleeping can on all
night train*. Wm. A. Bainwtx,
Gen'l Superintendent.
©he Centre fjj renewal.
BELLEFONTK, 1* A.
-AaHICtTXjTTTP.A.Ij.
NKWH, FACTS AND HUUOKHTIONS.
TUB TEHT or TUB NtTIUNAL WKI.KAIII! IS Till INTBI.LI
OBNCB AMD BHOaBBHITT OB Till BAHMKB.
Every farmer in his annual experience
discovers something of value. Write it and
send it to the. "Agricultural Editor of the
DEMOCRAT, Uellefonte, J'enn'a," that other
farmers mag have, the benefit of it. Let
communications he timely, and be sure that
they are brief ami well pointed.
THE way to make the cultivating
ami hoeing light work is to do it
before it is uceded.
Mil. It. 11. THOMAS, editor of the
Fanner's Friend , untl Secretary of the
State Orange, is hard at work getting
up the seventh annual tri-State picnic
of the Patrons of Husbandry, it
will be held at Williams' Grove, ns
usual, commencing on the 24th of
August, and continuing four days.
Mr. Thomas has made these picnics
very successful in the past, and
promises that this one shall be the
best of all.
IT is too late uftcr the middle of
Juno to plant mangel wurtxels, but
Swedish turnips may be put in up to
to the middle of July. For either of
these crops the land should be made
rich witli barnyard manure and
worked until it is mellow. The seed
may he sowed hy hand, or with a
drill. In either ease the land should
tie ridged—two furrows thrown to
gether and smoothed olf with a garden
rake if it is necessary. A shallow
furrow should l>e made on thatop of
the ridge with a hoe, and the seed put
into this furrow. Three pounds of
mangel seed is enough for an acre,
and one pound of Swedes. The plants
should he thinned out to a foot apart.
When the mangels are planted the
seed should be made wet and roller!
in white plaster or flour so they can
lie readily seen after lieing dropped.
They should be covered at least an i
inch deep.
AT the late meeting of the State
Hoard of Agriculture, lielJ at (Jettya
burg, Mr. Morris, of Adams county,
desired to know the bent means to
secure a catch of clover. In reply,
Mr. Sterling, of Heaver, stated that
in his county they top-dressed their
wheat with barn-yard manure; Mr.
Kecbe, of Venango, advocated sowing
200 pounds of ammoniated super
phosphate |K>r acre; ami Mr. Fores
man, of Lycoming, applies limo at
the rate of forty bushels per acre,
anil plows down the clover when it is
brown, thus seeding the ground.
Undoubtedly, these are nil excellent
plans, but as every experienced
farmer kuows that there is no diffi
culty in securing a catch of clover
when the ground is in good condition,
we do not think they fully answer
the question, which, we presume, was
asked in reference to this land, which
it is desirable to improve with a crop
of clover. In this case wc believe
the best method is to thoroughly
hnrrow the wheat in the latter part of
spring, say the middle of April, sow
the seed immediately after the harrow,
and finish with the roller. Unless
the land is entirely "worn out," this
is almost certain to secure a good
catch, and then the application of
fortyj or fifty bushels of lime per
acre, on the wheat stubble, will stimu
late the young clover into a growth
which will greatly enrich the land.
Wastes of Manure.
The I'radical Farmer lias been
publishing a series of lending articles
under the caption of "Causes of
Waste of Manures." W'e copy be
low the concluding paragraph :
"In closing let us recapitulate: The
waste of manure by evaporation can be
prevented by regulating combustion,
which can b done by keeping the man
ure in proper shape, by seeing that it is
well supplied with moisture. It can
also be prevented by use ol absorbents.
I he loss by leaching can be prevented
by locating the compost heap where the
amount of water it receives can be reg
ulated, and by providing a receptacle
for any liquid which leaches, and dip
ping or pumping it upon the heap.
There nre other sources of waste which
will occur to the mind of the practical
farmer, such as stables arranged so that
the liquid runs through the floor, neg
lecting to put the stock where it can be
saved, and applying it to tbe soil in an
improper condition, or using it on a
crop without sowing clover to get the
benefit of it and produce plant foood in
the soil. Hut enough has been said to
call attention to the subject, and it is
safe to leave the details to the practioal
farmer to carry out as he seee best on
his own farm.
What About It?
The lo^inlativf> committee last winter
visited the Pennsylvania State Agricul
tural College in Centre county and
reported that the testimony indicate*
that the institution ha* been very badly
managed; that its location i* a very
undesirable one; that the building is
entirely unsuiU-il for the purpose* for
which it wu* erected ; that the agricul
tural department ha* never been a suc
cess; that the State ha* never received,
and is not now receiving, benefits com
mensurate with the amount of money
which bus been appropriated for said
institution ; that but forty-six students
are now in attendance, many of whom
are non-residents, and these are taught
by eleven professors; that, finally, the
trustees have signally failed to carry out
the object for which the magnificent
land grant (780,000 acres) was given by
the United States, and which was fur
ther sought to he accomplished by the
most liberal State appropriations (# I<M
000, with the addition of the annual
income of $.'!(),000.) on the part of the
State. The question yet remains unde
cided by the people of this Common
wealth, "What are ypu going to do
about it?"— Farm Journal.
The strictest answer to the question
with which the Journal heads this
article is that it is "about" a con
densed re-hash of the tissue of lies
embodied in that committee's report.
The Journal in usually HO well in
formed that it ought to know that
that whole "investigation" business
was simply a club used by one set of
small fry politicians to batter the
heads of another set, and that it never
had, and never was intended to have,
any relation whatever to the interests
of the College, or the State. The
report itself was the most remarkable
compound of mendacity and willful
misrepresentation that ever emanated
from a similar source, and was with
out a scintilla of supporting evidence.
The only grain of truth contained in
! it was that the students "are taught
by eleven professors," and the great
wonderment to all persons intelligent
upon the subject of the College, who
read the report, is that this much
truth was admitted to it. A commit
tee which is capable of reporting the
number of students in attendance at
the College as forty-rue, when the
actual number was one hundred and
fire, of whom ninety-five were in the
chnpel at one time during the visit of
the committee, and were addressed by j
its chief member, and congratulated I
upon their superior advantages for '
obtaining an education, would not
have failed to double or triple the
number of professors except by mis
take. As a disseminator of sound
agricultural teachings the Journal
has elicited our unequivocal approval; i
I but when it stoops to lending its
; influence in aid of the wrong side of
a contemplated political squabble, by
, the publication and quasi approval of
: such a lying report as that made by
St. Clair's committee, it makes a ■
i strong bid for the contempt of all its
' well-informed and honest readers.
Extracts and Comments.
Creameries and individual dairymen,
if they really wish to make a gilt-edged i
article of butter, that will sell at the I
tip-top market, ought to use Iliggin's
salt. That this is the finest quality of
salt for dairy purposes to be had we con
siders fact now well established.— Farm '
Journal.
That's what wc have been preach
ing for the past year, and the more
exjMiriencc wc have with salt, the
more are we convinced of its truth. !
We don't like the Thurbera because
of their connection with thc"oilymar
garinc" business, but as im|>orters and
agents of the Iliggin's salt they are
public benefactors.
A* lima beans only begin to form pods
freely when the top of the pole is rose.h
ed, it ia obvious that to have.early beans
one must have short poles.
And then cut the vines as soon as
they reach the top of the pole.
LET every farmyard be scraper! to
the bottom and every material that
will add to the capacity of the soil be
employed to increased fertility. Sow
plaster, scatter ashes, pound up old
bones, clean the chip yard, use the
earth about where the drains issue;
jn truth, let no* a particle of fertilis
ing material go to waste. There is
money in it and the study of methods
for the employment of manure upon
the soil Is everywhere needed. Wc
complain of the poor grass and clov
er seed, not talking of Winter killing
and a hundred other trials that may
be wonderfully modified by a higher
system of farming, which in every
instance means more manure.
IN skimming the cream from the
milk, there should always be milk
enough skimmed in with the cresm to
give the butter when churned a bright,
clean look, lluttcr churned from
clear cream with little or no milk in
it, will usually have an oily or shiny
look; this shows that the grain of
the butter is injured which affects its
keeping qualities.
A Legend of Harvest.
Ho loiiicngu t lint liintory pay*
No IMI| or record of how long,
Iku k to the loverly drimtiiy <hn,
Th <J*Y* of poetry MII of *oug f
IWoro iht world !;*<) crowded fftowti,
\N lilli- wrong on rth w hard to hud,
And hi*lf fh' fiirth hud ik-o i known
Th- forms and fa< of mankind,
Wlion Just km now HIM jfgm would k- p
Tliair term* of snow s nnd aim* and •howors.
It rhaiiff'd that Hiirnmi r dr <pl*d
Onu morning, In a held of f!owi.
Ami whila tho wttrm auks i-anic a .id Hvd,
111 Itll til Oil t'fider would, of . harm.
Nli" nh'pt, with L"aiit"ou goM'-n hud
luid soft I j on her %i*ary arm.
Mi" did not hoar llio waving tr*"s.
Tho warhling brook sh" did not lour,
Nor y*t fho vo|ro|<oatd hot s
That 1 roomed ahout In r rosy oar.
In many a yellow bronzy maw.
Tin? rh h WIIM1 ripnnod far away.
And glitinfillu mi tin* flagrant
ll"t•ilvnr iirk." Idly lay.
Hut tli< n lasf 01," 11 .ontide hour,
A moth, w Idle tiovnrlriir by,
Mistook liar saiM t im-ntii f,,r a f!w*r,
A lid Hummer wuked with atartlrd try.
Hh rose, in anxioua wnndnr. now
To gar. upon tlio Indghn-m-d wloat,
Ami saw Its plwiitaou* 111*10* I a how
Dt-ad rlpn below tin- aultry hat.
Half 1 ra/"d. sh" wamli rcd K.,st ami \\ int.
Amid the p, a< "fill s|w ions liiii".
I nfll at hmgth, with panting brnust,
Mm stood laifora old Fathnr Tlirm.
Wltli t"ars of sfuunn rlic told him all.
U Idle |Miiutlng to tlm wlmat imruown.
And said • w hat |*owrr shall mak" it f*II
Kri Autumn* bluer winds Lave blown!"
*' Oh, d.iiighb-r. i h"sr y,nr Imart !" h" rri"d,
M Til" w h*Ht viiull fall "l" fall* tlm night.
W.- tw., shall mow It, aid" by aid".
And f"ap it in tlm stars' jatle light!"
Ho Romiiisr rlairH her hrow of gloom,
And forth wilt, Father Tilim aim w,i,t,
And, haggard Ag# by Youth in bloom,
A Inure lh" tawny wheat limy Imnt
Krt fill of night the harvest fall,
lint suit'** that s"4*ou, fair and blltlm,
A an< i*nt nnnaU love to fell,
(lid father Time* has l*rrm a a* y the !
K>!gar FIWI tt. in >t Nh In las for November.
Cleanse Immediately.
There is a good fraction of the
success in butter making depend
ent on the proper cleaning of
dairy utensils. Some appear to
think it will do just as well to wait a
few hours liefure the milk-pails are
washed and scalded ; that the churn
may stand a half or whole day before
being washed on 1 the germs of decay
killed by heat; that the cream pail
may be used for several batches of
cream before cleansing, because sweet
cream is going into it again; that
j the butter worker may stand until
you want to use it again before
scalding, because it will be then
freshly cleansed when you use it, etc.
There is altogethcrto much of this
heedless way of carrying on of butter
j making. The nitrogencous portion
of milk (casein) furnishes just the
substance required for ferments, for
the development of germs wholly in
imical to pure milk or butter. These
ferments remain In the crevices of
wood, or seams in tin vessels, and,
unless they are dislodged by immedi
ate cleansing, it requires boiling or
steaming, for a considerable length
of time, to dislodge them. Every
utensil, after each use, must be im
mediately cleansed if you wish to
prevent taints in your milk, cream or
butter. Wooden pails are now dis
carded from UHC by the patrons of
: cheese factories, because they cannot
be trusted to properly cleanse them.
If they were immediately subjected
j to steam, beat or boiling water after
I each use, they would lc sweet, but
! this steam or boiling water requires
to penetrate every pore. The dairy-
I maid or operator c annot l)e too
j prompt in cleansing dairy utensils.
When to Hoe Corn-or Anything Else.
j (lor. of (Vmnwiiriji Fsimcr.
1 have just hoed my corn the sec
j ond time. I always dress l>otb corn
j nnd potatoes three times with cultiva
tor and hoe, thinking the work little
|or no more, and the benefit to the
i crop greater, than to do it but twice
like most of my neighbors. A friend
! once said to me as i was about com
mencing the second time, "That corn
don't want hoeing." 1 replied, that
was the secret why 1 always made
such light work of it, F always aimed
to hoe lefore it war needed.
Wnn.it fermentation in J.he manure
heap is the great friend and co-worker
the farmer, it must be kept within
proper bounds. There are several
ways of regulating it. One ia by
tramping. Air is as necessary to
fermentation as to fire, ami wc know
the lire goes out if we stop the draft.
When manure is turned up loosely
the air penetrates it, and if there is
sufficient moisture, fermentation sets
in ; this may be cheeked by tramping,
if excessive. The shape of the man
ure pile has much to do with this
also. A manure pile made conical,
like a hay cock, will shed the water
and the |>eak will act as a flue to draw
the heat to the center, and in few
weeks it will lie found dry and fire
fangedsoas to be of little value. The
same manure, if put in a pile four
feet high and flat on top, so as to rc
,tain the water that falls on it, will be
found in line condition with compar
atively little loss.
A WHITER in the Fruit Recorder
says he has discovered from practice
that sulphur, one ounce to a gallon
of water, sprinkled or syringed over
Jrape vines just at night-fall will
estroy insects and mildew and leave
no bad show afterward. When silted
as a powder it has an unpleasant and
oftentimes injurious effect, although j
it ia acknowledged a specific manure
of value, even when applied broadcast I
upon the soil.
B*l that the fowls, old and young,
have enough clean, wholesome water
to drink.
Coal Tar vs. Tlie Curculio.
Mr. A. Y. Vun Kp* asks the 7H
buur for information as to the cfllco
ey of coal-tar smoke in fighting the
curculio. Its use for this purpose
was first recommended by Mr. Win
docs, of .South Haven, Mich., in
March, 1871, at a meeting of the
Pornologieal Society of that place.
He accidentally discovered its value
while burning some of it near a
plum tree; upon jarring this tree no
j eurculios were found upon it. The
next year, 1860, he mingled one
pound of sulphur with one gallon of
tar, placed the mixture in a large
frying-pan, which was fastened to the
end of a long pole, and each alternate
morning passed under the trees,
carrying the vessel with its contents
ignited, and of course it gave off a
cloud of smoke, so dense that it
would often fairly blacken the foliage
i lie continued this practice from the
, time the plums set until they were
| the size of a hickory-nut, or from
| about the middle of May till the Ist
j of July.
That year his crop was enormous;
the next he was away from home, and
so neglected the orchard, and had no
plums. In 1871 fie again tried the
coal-tar and induced a neighbor to do
the same; they both had full crops,
while the neighboring plum orchards,
which received no attention, produc
ed no fruit. The succeeding season
gave the same result. These experi
ments convinced .Mr. Windoes that
"with a reasonable amount of labor
the plum crop is a certainty, and very
! profitable." Of course this treatment
1 does not destroy the foe, but only
drives hiin to some other feeding
ground ; and as he is quite indiscrim
inate in his taste, attacking the apple,
cherry, pear and peach as well as the
pin in, the best fruit-growers prefer
the other remedies—the Hansom or
oiiip method, and the jarring process.
I By these means many orchardists are
successful In overcoming the curculio
and are reaping rich profits from the
I plum and peach.
Churns.
The Tartars are said to do their
; churning by putting the milk in a
sheep-skin bottle which they tie to
the saddle and take a brisk gallop for
an hour or two; on returning the
butter is made. This is the original
horse-power churn. But its principle
is clearly the same as that of our best
modern churns, viz.; agitation of the
milk in a vessel in which the contents
are dashed from one side to another
to break up the globules. This is the
principle of all the dashlcss churns
of which so many of such various
; shapes were shown at the late Inter
national Dairy fair. The jicculiar
action of these churns produces the
butter in small globules as above
mentioned, ami in this shape the milk
can be drawn ofr and the cold water
or brine introduced into the churn
ami the butter thoroughly washes!
and made ready for immediate pack
ing. Certainly of the many churns
which I have used, the "Hectaiigular"
pleases me the most, on account of
its very easy motion, its shape, which
is a hollow cul>e suspended diagonal
ly upon two of its opposite corners,
its freedom from gudgeons penetrat
ing inside as is usual in dash churns
and which will blacken and loul the
butter, and chiefly on account of the
ease and perfection with which it
can lie cleansed, its quick churning
ami the excellent sliaje in which the
butter comes.
Use for Coffee Grounds.
I'r tn Virfc"# Mwjraiino.
A lady of San Francisco lately re
ceived some plants from Mexico, and
with the plants came the advice to
fertilize them with waste coffee and
coffee grounds. This wns done, and
the results were so satisfactory that
the same treatment was tried on roses,
and the effect was healthy and vigor
ous growth, and more "and lielter
flowers, and of richer colors.
THE advantage of my practice of
rutting grnM early, even before the
timothy is in blow, is seen in the
condition of the cows thnt eat it, in
point of flesh and flow of milk, taking
quality as well as quantity Into ac
count. Instead of beginning the
season "Spring-poor," they come out
of winter quarters "Summer-fat," and
give from one-third to over half more
than any equal number competing at
the factory.— L. J), Tanner, Cortland
Co., N. )*.
A CORRESPONDENT of Vielc' Monthly
says that one spoonful of coarse
powdered saltpeter to a pail of water
will destroy potato bugs, squash bugs
and other insects. For roses it is
unsurpassed. For maggots that work
at the roots of squash vines, pour
about a pint of the liquid at the roots
of each vine as soon as the pests
indicate themselves.
MR. NEI.SON HITTER remarked to
bis fellow-members of the Onondaga
Farmers' Club that fifteen yeara ago
he could have told just how to fight
pear-blight, but now knows little
about it further than that SeckeL,
Duchesse, Ott and Tyson prove, in
his experience, less liable to attack.
CREAM should be churned when in
Its first acid to make strictly fine but
ter, and not allowed to pass into the
second acid and whey, as is frequent
ly the case.