Among the Emigrants at Castle Warden. As the emigrants enter the Garden from the landing stage they all have to pass through narrow gangways, which bring them in single file before two of ficials successively at the side ot each gangway. The first registers the name of each individual arriving, what vessel they came by, where they are from, the number in family, their destination by States, and their several occupations. There is 110 time to wasto here, for, though the registers work hard and steaally from half-past seven in the morning until often eight or nine o'clock at night, all four gangways are kept constantly lull, and the entries are, as far as is consistent with clearness, made by abbreviations. When the emi grant w asked his name, the chances are that ho has to lay down a big sachel or some other heavy bundle that he has carried up to this moment, un button his overcoat, often his leather coat under that, and almost always a vest or two. from some mysteri ous recess of which lie draws forth his passage contract, his tickets for inland travel, if he lias already pur chased them on the other side, perhaps his baptismal certificate, and some other papers. The register knows by experience that it is of no use to keep shouting at him to merely tell his name and answer the questions. To do so would merely confuse the poor fellow and make him all the slower in his movem< nts, and he is bound to estab lish his individuality by documentary evidence, however long it takes him. While waiting for him, the register shouts to those next in line to get their tickets ready, and the succeeding three or four mote on pretty rapidly. Then comes another who has not heard the order, and another like delay occurs. " Must bavo patience here," comments the rrgister, turning with a grim smile to the reporter. The women are gen erally much more prompt than the men in having their papers ready, generally coming up with them in hand, knowing by this time that they are simply packages, that these papers are their labels, and they are to be forwarded somewhere; but when called upon to come out of the animated pack age condition and answer some ques tions, they arc lost. "Where are you oing?" a buxom Irish lass is asked. "To Springfield, sor; fwhere me brother is." "What Springfield? in what State? there are almost as many Springfields as there are States." " Yes, sor." "Is it to Springfield, Massachu setts?" " Yes, sor." " Or to Springfield, Missouri?" " Yes, sor." " Or to Springfield, Illinois?" " Yes, sor." After uiueh confusion and exaspera tion of the register, who keeps his t m per wtyh the patience of a graven im age, sue brings to light a letter from the brother she is going to join, and it is found that the last Springfield named is the right one. From the register's desk they shuffle along to the desk of an assistant booking clerk employed by the railroad. The distance is only a few feet, yet in that short space some of them who have a particular genius for making trouble have already got their papers buttoned up again in the innermost recesses of their clothing. Here it is necessary that they shall be exhibited. The clerk looks up with a quick, experienced glance that tells at once where the person before him is from, and demands: ! "Hoor reiser Du hen?" or "Wo reisen sie bin?" or "Ou allez vous?" or "Hoor skal Du resa til?" ac cording as the person before him is Danish. German. French or Swedish; but if the broad countenance of an Em erald islander meets his eye. he puts the same query in the familiar form, " Fwhere are ye goin'?" Out come the papers again. One lias a ticket for in land travel, and is promptly reduced to his normal condition of package by be ing set aside by a Garden officer, who tells him he will he collected and ship ped at five o'clock. Another, who has no ticket, is permitted to retain his personality of being a little longer, until he shall have bought a ticker at the railroad office twenty feet away, to facilitate his doing which tiic assistant booking clerk gives him a tilled-out memorandum to the chief booking clerk, telling just where he wants to go nnd what the price of his ticket will be. About tins time the emigrant, escaped from the gangway, finds himself near the exchange desks, which confront the railroad office, and by conspicuously posted signs in several languages is informed of the market rates of his foreign money.— New York Bun. ________ Centennial or the " Dark Day." One hundred years ago. May 19,1780, was one of the most famous of dates in tbe legendary tales of our grandfathers. It was the " Dark Day," when, accord ing to the chronicles, candles had to be lighted at mid-day, the birds were silent or disappeared, and the domestic fowls retired to roost. The darkness pre vailed over the whole of New England and the Middle States, and its memory is even now preserved by tbe Indians of the six nations, who use it as a time mark for estimating the ages of child ren iiorn about that period. Many were the bits of doggerel verse whicFi were current a few years ago about this phenomtnon, and wonderfully varied were the experiences which the spec tators transmitted to their posterity. Barber, Webster and Mursell have re ferred to the circumstance in their his torical compilations; but the most in teresting anecdote is that referring to the attitude of the Connecticut council, then in session at Hartford, and discuss ing an interesting bill about the shad fishery. As the darkness became more intense, suggesting to many the arrival of the day of judgment; the legislature on motion adjourned; hut Colonel Abraham Davenport, of Stamford, op posed a similar motion in tbe council, saying: "I am against The day of judgment is approaching or it is not. If It is not, there is no cause for adjournment; if it is, I wish to be found doing my duty. I wish, there fore, that candles may be brought." With the exception of a bore hole put down to the depth of 4,183 feet for tbe Prussian government, a lew years ago, and which took four years to ac complish, the bore of which we have been giving particulars is, we believe, the deepest yet sunk, and the fact that it was completed in less than six months speaks well for the skill and energy with which the work waa carried out. —Scientific American. A Twenty-Fire Cent Chinese Dinner. A Chinese dinner is not to bo recom mended, writeß a Ban Francisco corre spondent. It is too greasy, and that Mosaio abomination, tue pig, not only appears frequently aa piece de resistance, and in clever sunury disguises, but con tributes an unmistakable flavor to nearly every dish. It comes in the full pomp ot the boar's head or in the more uttractive form of tender " roaster," the praises of whose "crackling" Ella has sung. Each restaurant uses several wagon loads of hogs daily. Theanimal is boiled, roasted, fried, fricoaseed, minced; it lorms the unsavory contents of innocent-looking dumplings, and it is disguised in a dozen deceptive entrees. Not even the daintiest of sweetmeats can remove its contaminating touch from the palate. Hence, for the curios ity-seeker who lias a stomach under perfect control, it is safer to try the lunch served at midday, in which few meats appear. Thegarcon appears with two tea cups and a saucer and a kettle of boiling water. In one cup he puts a pinch of dry tea, pours the water upon it witli the saucer. Your tea is then " drawing." Quickly lie returns with chop-sticks and the regular lunch. The bill con prises three egg-cakes, two dumplings, with a species of Chinese strawberry mark on the top, three scraps of an unknown part of the pig, a dish of preserved watermelon and an other of sweetmeats. The tea is now steeped, and placing your forefinger on the saucer, you tilt the cup over and al low a thin stream of the fragrant bever age to escape into your saucer. You will win the good graces of the waiter if you shake your head when he asks you if you want sugar. It never oc curs to him that you would ruin the cup with milk. The ten, made of the tender shoots of the plant, twites like unusually fine English breakfast, but with a more delicate fiavor and aroma. By its aid you may eat sparingly of the dumplings, relish the gg-cake in spite of the lard in which it is fried, enjoy the water melon and devour the sweetmeats. Of the pork, the odor alone is ample; a long-drawn smell would be equal to a surfeit. All these dainties are eaten with chop-sticks by the Chinese around you, but the use of these articles comes with nature, not art. It is idle to imitate the skill of your neighbors; you will drop all the food upon the table. Better is it to accept the offering of an old fashioned battered knife and fork, which the proprietor doubtless gathered in an auction sale of antique household goods. There is no limit to the amount of tea that you may guzzle. The attcn tive waiter will fill your eup again and again with hot water, and, singular to relate, the tea leaves give out strength and aroma after much soaking. The cost of all this refreshment is only twenty cents. A regular dinner, at which meats, coffee and rice brand \ are served, costs from forty to seventy-five cents, according to the number of courses and the service. , . Changes of Life. Change is the common featuro of so ciety—of all life. The world is like a magic lantcr, or the shifting scenes of a panorama. Ten years convert the population of schools into men and women, the young into fathers and matrons, make and niar for tunes, and bury the last generation but one. Twenty years convert infants into lovers, fathers and mothers, decide men's fortunes and distinctions, convert active men and women into crawling drivelers, and bury all preceding gen erations. Thirty years raise an active jrencrn tion from nonentity, change fascinating beauties into unbearable old women, convert, lovers into grandfathers, and bury the active generation, or reduce them todecrepituac and imbecility. Forty years, alas! change the face of all society. Infants are growing old, the bloom o f youth and beauty lias passed away, two active venerations have been swept from the stage of life; names onee cherished are forgotten, unsuspected candidates for fame have started from the cxliau9tless womb of nature. And in fifty years- mature, ripe fifty years—a half century—what tremen dous changes occur. How time writes her sublime wrinkles everywhere, ir. rock, river, forest, cities, villages, ham lets, in the nnture ol man and the des tinies and aspects of all civilized so ciety. Ist us pass on to eighty years—and what do we sec in the world to comfort us? Our parents are gone; our children have passed away from us into all parts of the world to fight, the grim anu des perate battle of life. Our old friends — where sre they? We behold a world of which we snow nothing and to which we are unknown. We weep lor the generations long gone by—for lovers, for parents, for eiiudren, for friends in tlieyrave. We sec everything turned upside down by the fickle hand of for tune and the absolute despotism of time. In a word wo behold the vanity of life, suid are quite ready to lay down the poor burden and be gone. A Child's Life Thrown Away. A child six years old was scalded to death in a batu a short time ago in the English town ofCliflon. Little Herbert appeared to have a cold, and his aunt, M iss LmUdale, ordered a hot bath to be prepared, and in the presence of the nurse, after testing the water with licr hand, placed the child in the bath. He struggled nnd screamed, but as she had no id< a that lie meant the water was too hot she kept him in it six or seven minutes. Ho was of a highly sensitive temperament, and was accustomed to get excited and cry out at anything strange, so that his screaming anustrug gling when kept in the water did not excite any alarm till he had been in the bath some minutes, when tbe nurse, thinking his eyes looked strange, and that he was goinjfc to have a fit, drew Miss Laudale's attention to their appear ance, and the boy was taken out nnd placed in bed, and a doctor was sent for. The lower part of the body and the legs were very badly scalded. He died two days afterward. The doctor attributed death to the shock to the nervous system caused by the extensive scalds. He added that the hand was a very unreliable instrument to test hot water. Nurses oflui used the elbow, and this was much better when a thermom eter could not he obtained. A teacher asked a bright little girl; " What country is opposite us on the globe?" "Don t know, sir," was the answer. " Well, now," pursued the teacher, "If I were to more a hole through the earth, and you were to go in at this end, where would you come out?" "Out of the hole, sir." replied the pupil, with an air of triumph. PRESIDENTIAL. Name* of I*rona Who Have Been Voted for for I'reeldeiit and Vice-President. Below will be founa a complete list of nil tlo persons who hiive been voted for for President and Vice-President since the formation of the government. The table also includes all persons voted for by the Electoral College. Many of them, of course, were not can didates before the people. The names of the successful candidates are printed in italics. From 1787 to 1804 the Vice- Presidents were Adams (twice), Jef-. ferson and Burr: FRBBIDBNTS. VICa-rUKSIDENTS. 1788— Geo. Washington John A lams Richard Rush Wm. Smith. 1832— Andrew Jackson .Martin l r an Buren Henry ('lay John Sergeant Henry Floyd Henry Lee Win. Wirt Amos KUtnaker Wm. Wilkins 1836 M- Can Bu>en B. M. Johnson W. H. Harrison Francis Granger Hugh L. White John Taylor Daniel Weltstar Wm. Smith W. P. Mangnn 1840— W.H- Harrison John Tyler M. Van Buren R. M. Johnson James G. Bimey L. W. Tazewell James K. Polk 1844— James K. Polk George M. Dallas Henry Clay T. Frelinghuysen James G. Birney 1848— Z. Taylor .Millard Fillmore Lewis Casa Wm. O. Butler M. Van Buren Chaa. F. Adams 1852— Franklin Pierce Wm. K King Winfleld .Scott W. A. Graham John P. Hall Goo. W. Julian 1856— Jamrs Buchanan Jno C. Breckinridge J. C. Fremont Wtn. L. Dayton Millard Fillmore A. J. Donelson 1860— A Lincoln Hannibal Hamlin J.C. Breckinridge Jos. lauio John Bell Edward Everett S. A. Douglass 1!. V. Johnson 1864- sf. Lincoln Andrew Johnson Geo. B McCle.llan G. 11. Pendleton 1868— U. S. Grant Schuyler Coif a x Horatio Seymour F. P. Blair, Jr 1872 U. S. Grant Henry If r/sos Horace Greeley B. Gmtz Brown Charles O'Conor Goo. W. Julian James Black A . 1!. Col'iuitt T. A. Hendricks John M. Palmer B. Grata Brown T. E. Bramlette Chas. J . Jenkins W. 8. Groenbeck David Davis W. B. Mar.hen N. P. Banks 1876— if. B Hayes Wm. A. W heeler S. J.T ildnp T. A . Hendricks Peter Cooper U. C. Smith Mathematical Prodigy, There lately came to France n young Italian who una the singular faculty of making very long and complicated mental calculations. He WM presented at the last seance of the Societc d'An thropologlc. He is a small boy of ten or eleven, or intelligent Jook, the head lnrge, but not specially remarkable, the forehead rather prominent. Among ! various calculations he was asked to name was this: Muitiplv 3,000,848 by 840 073. The operation took him two minutes, and he then gave the exact re sult. While he is calculating, people go on talking near him without his be ing hinderPu. According to his explanations, the process he employs is woolly empirical, nod resembles that of Mondeux, the celebrated calculator. He commences with large figures, nnd to the base thus obtalneo he acids the result of multipli cation of the smaller figures. Curiously this boy cannot either read or write, and it is only a short time since he got to know figures. He even says that since he learned them he has calculated less easily than before. The person who presented him to the society had found him a few months ago accom pany.ng an organ-grinder, and astonish ing the frequenters of cafes by his pow ers of calculation. A Domestic Tragedy. On returning from the theater the Thompsons find their housemaid in ? treat distress, with her arm, bound up a her apron. Mrs. Thompson—What is the matter, AnnP Have you hurt yur handP Ann—W -w- w - worse than that, ma'am! Mrs. Thompson—Not broken your arm, I tmstP Ann—W-w-worse than that! Mrs. Thompson— Great heavens I What is HP Cook—The fact is, ma'am; tire silly f;lrl has been tryin* on your new bracel et, and none of us knows how to get it off again 1 A poem was received by a country paper containing the line: "Upon iter luce a thousand dimples hide." The compositor was mysteriously murdered after setting it up: "Upon her face a thousand pimples hide." One letter sometimes makes a heap of difference. TIMELY TOPICS. Sixty million dollars is the estimated cost of the projected Euphrates Valley railroad, whioh is Intended to facilitate the intercourse of England with India. The road will be over a thousand miles long, and will be very difficult to build. The Hartford Courant gives a list of parties who have been reported us killed by lightning this season, and adds as a noticeable tiling about the list that none of the accidents occurred in cities or in the presence of telegraph wires and ac cumulations of metal. These seem to act as safeguards. Previous to the current year, the largest number of emigrants from Eu rope to the United States was in IBM, when the records showed 319,000. From this number there was a decline to 55,- 000 in 1877. In 1870, the tide in this di rection began again, reaching 139,000, and this year promises to aproach 400,- 000, or some have thought 500,000. The latest plan for crossing the Eng lish channel is embodied in a model now before theadmirality for a monster floating railway station, which is to carry trains from England to France across the channel at the rate of four teen knots an hour. It is stated that each train would provide accommoda tions for 2,000 paosengcis, which would require sixty or more railway car riages. Southern mocking birds well deserves the name. They imitate not only the songs of other birds, but human whist lers as well, A lady of Macon, fla., relates that her pet mocking bird often deceives all the inmates of her house by its clever imitation of the post man's whistle. They go out to get the letters, and find Jack on a spray,near the fence, blowing his whistle and looking entirely innocent of any intention to hoax the family. ThcGerraan emigration is startling to the authorities of the empire. It is juit published that nearly 34,000 emigrants left the four ports of Bremen, Hamburg, Stettin and Antwerp for America dur ing the past year. But a small portion has gone elsewhere. This report does not include the Germans who left Brit ish and French ports, who may be roughly stated at 10,000 persons. The new German army bill, it Is feared, will bring the emigration up to the propor tions of that time succeeding the Franco- German war, when it averaged 115,000 per annum. The gold and silver mmirg fever is , not altogether confined to the United | States; it lias ju-st broken out afresh in New Zealand, and ton degree which 1 indicates the dawning ofa new era upon that country. The mineral resources of the islands have, all at once, been brought to light to an enormous extent: coal fields have been opened; and gold silver ami copper mines are revealing wealth to an extraordinary extent. The discoveries arc not so much new: it is the marvelous development of the old that is exciting attention both in the colony and in Great Britain. Superintendent I'easlee, of Cincin nati. saystiiat the greatest mistake that is being made in the American schools is the constant drive in arithmetic at the expense of composition and litera ture. Mr. IVaslec wants less cramming for nor cents and more education-to set before pupils higher aims for study than monthly averages. His convic tions have led to tiie establishment in the Cincinnati schools of " Poets' Days," and the systematic study of literature. The children are made to not only memorize poetic selections of the high est character, but to loam something about the nuthors, and to talk about them. A considerable steel-mking industry exists in the present day in China, on the Upper Yangtxe, whence the steel is sent to Tien-tsin for shipment and dis tribution. It'brings much higher prices than the Swedish steel imported into thcountry. The Chinese metallurgists recognize three kinds of steel, namely, that which is produced by adding un wrought to wrought iron while the mass is subject to the action of fire, pure iron many times subjected to fire, and native steel, which is produced in the south west. The different names for steel arc iwnn kang, or bal 1 steel, from its rounded form; kwan kang, or sprinkled steel; wei tee. or false steel. The Chinese, apparently have known how to manu facture steel from the very earliest ages. The important branch of American commerce with India is almost entirely controlled by the cities of New York and Boston. Tile former has now the lion's share, but which she did not pos sess in times past. There are now 109 ships and barks bound to New York from various ports in India and China, and twenty-five ships and barks to Bos ton. All these have valuable cargoes. In 1877 Boston had sixty East India men to arrive, bringing over 1,000,000 baskets and bags of sugars. Boston has latterly taken unite a start in the ocean ■team trade. A new steam line lias re cently boen started:between Boston and London. The steamers are 8,500 tons register. It is not generally known that panes of glass can be cut under water with ease to almost any shape by means of a pair Two tilings, however, are necessary for success: First, the " ss must lie kept quite level in the tor while the scissors are applied; and secondly, to avoid rißk, it is better to perform "the cutting by cropping off small pieces at the forcers and along the edges, thus reducing the form grad ually to that required—for if any attempt be made to eut the glass at once to a proper shape, as one would eut a card board. it will most likely fracture where it is not wanted. The softer glasses cut best; and the scissors need not be very sharp. When the operation goes on well the glass breaks away, from the scissors in small pieces In as traight line with the blades. Hitherto when a professional diver went under water a tube has supplied him with air. But a Mr. Fleuss has patented a prooess by which an experi enced diver can remain under water for hours, having within his helmet and dress a supply of compressed oxygen gas, diluted with nitrogen, whiou is naturally present in his lungs nnd in the diving (Tress when he assumes it. The exhaled carbonic acid being brought into contact with caustic soda, the deiutly gas is transformed into simple carbonate of soda. It is asserted that numerous experiments and trets have conclusively proved that Mr. Fleuss's system is attended with no incon venience, and the expense is one-half that of the old method. Mr. Fleuss Is only twenty-eight. His process has been brought out since the Tay bridge disaster. There is said to be a French babe, aged Bix months, born at Cherbourg, the nape of whose neck hna the singular gift of producing an uninterrupted succession of feathers. Twenty-three have already sprouted, reached maturity, and fallen off, to be carefully stored away by the infant's father, a workingman, whose fortune may be considered made if the amazing story turns out correct. The manner in which these leathers grow is thus described: A pimple forms on the nape of the neck, quite close to the roots of the hair. At the expiration of a cer tain time the pimple blossoms into a feather, the child, at the moment when it appears, seeming to experience a slight uneasini-ss. The feather, which j is curved and gilded, attains,when fully | grown, frdta ten to twelve centimeters j iu length. When it lulls a few drops ol , a whitish color issue from the pimple, i which then heals, leaving no trace of its j existence for awhile, until another ap- I pears, inclosing the germ of another i feather. A curious circumstance, says j the Cherbourg paper, is that tbe feather j remains six days on the infant's neck wlien fully grown iiefore falling, and that its successor takes as many days to j sprout as its predecessor to reach ma turity. The father of the phenomenal child intends taking it to l'ari# in order to ask science to investigate the cause of this freak of nature. How to he Independent of I>ry Weather We have lived in the Arkansas val ley for nearly nine years. From the first we have been of the opinion that this country will, eventually, support in abundant prosperity a dense popula- j tion, who will produce lrom the soil ] crops not excelled for yield or certainty ! n any part of the world. The soil is of surprising fertility, the lay of the land is admirable ana the temperature is of the mean between the cold of the North and the heat of the South; most favorable for grains and fruits. The only tiling wanting is regularity in the supply of moisture. Some expect that this will correct it sell, and when a good rain comes assert that the seasons are changing, growing more miny. The experience of last year and this have almost dissipated this theory. What then is the remedy for drouth? There is abundance of water at a short distance below the surface. The wind is wilting to work for nothing and to j raise to the surface an unlimited amount of it. It remains for the ingenuity and skill of man to harness the wind to the work, and tonppiy the water judiciously to the soil. Some say this will lie im practicable and expensive. Expensive it may be. hut it is not impracticable. In Holland they have emptied lakes and even a sea in order to cultivate the soil at their bottom. Constant vigilance is necessary to keep the water out. Yet all is done at profit. Jy-ss expensive will it be to irrigate the plains ol Karson, than to dry the lakes and seas of Holland. The lake* of Holland were not dried in a day. neither will tbe Arkansas valley be irrigated in a day, but by preparation beforehand and the accumulation of a supply of water on the rurface to be in constant readiness when needed, the long dry spells will be deprived of their power to ruin the prosperity of the country. How is this to be done? We should say, select the highest pointon the land sought to be watered; witli plow and scraper make a heavy dirt wall around a large basin; keep it wet with a windmill and water eleva tor; feed your hogs in tfiis pen for a few weeks and let them wallow the entire surface so as to make it hold water; plant cotton-wood cuttings all over the dirt wall, then let you windmills devote the winter and spring to filling up this basin. By the time the water is needed for the crops in the spring, the water will be warm and fit to apply. As these supplies of surface water are in creased a greater amount, of moisture will be found to exist at all times in the air.— tilcrling(Kan.) OatclU. Obtaining Sail from the Ocean, Among the prominent local industries In A.'araeda county is that of salt manu facture. For a long time the consump tion of salt by the packers and butchers of San Fnuicfseo was entirely supplied by ihe Liverpool and other foreign manufacturers and it is not until very recently that local enterprise lias inter posed in favor of home production. The works are located on the bay shore, near Newark, and the salt is made by solar evaporation. The salt ponds are eighty acres in ex tent. which are divided into water-tight compartments, each compartment being provided with a gate for the purpose of admitting the water supply. The pro cess of salt mnking is comparatively simple. The pond is connected with tbe waters of the bay by a ditch. Tuis water is then pasted from the pond into the Upper end of Che vat* by windmill pumps, and from thi* point the water is gradually distributed into the various receptacles, or lower vats, as evapora tion goes on, the water, becoming more impregnated with salt ns it passes to ward the lower rows. From these vats it is again pumped into others, where it remains until crys tallized, and layer* of salt half an inch tflick arc formed. The residue of the water is then let off. and the salt taken up and put into small cars, which run on a wooden tramway, and carried to the receiving house and there manufactured into the various kinds in use, which i* done by thoroughly drying it in heated pans and crushing the salt in mills. Several thousand tons are made in this locality annually, which is carried in schooners direct to San Francisco and sold to the jobbers. The work* give cmp oyment to a large number of per sons.—.San fYandscoChronicle. The Champion Gormandizer. They have In Bt. I-ouis a man whom they call " the hoes gormandizer of the world," and tho reports of his feats give him a good claim to be called a cham pion eater. Ho has accomplished the feat of eating thirty quail in thirty days, and on the last night he ate an extra quail, and also one doxen oysters with sugar on them. At other time* he ate twenty-four goose eggs, thirty-six sugared oysters, two mince pies with eigbt drops of eastor-oil in them, and a roose, weighing eight pounds mnd seven ounces, stuffed witli oysters. This last part he accomplished in twenty-one minutes, est ing bread and other things at the same U P , B „d taking a heart* dinner ane h . vlteiwsrd. Lightning. The last summer wan remarkable for the number and violence of it* thunder storm h. and the next (census will probv bly show an nnu*uaily large proportion of deaths from lightning stroke. It ; R not commonly known what in the pro. portion of wntong killed in this way in the United States, but the slAtistifH of the subject are easily attainable from the census tables, and to give some notion >{ them it is only necessary to say that in 1670—an average year—9oß deaths occurred from this cause, and during the same period only 203 persons (y,m. mitted suicide by poison, 251 by tire arms and 133 by cutting their throats In 1860 101 persons were killed by . ijrhtZ ning, and 131 committed self-murd'r with poison, 112 with firearms and -i by throat-cutting. These statistics will seem remarkable to people who read newspapers and find hardly a day pass ing in which suicides are not recordH in all of these ways. They arc strikin;- also from the lact that whereas lighb ning is a work during but two or three I rnorthsofthe year, suicides with poison, pistol and knife luivo no one wavm which is peculiarly their own—the no tion that November is a fatal month I for the melancholy having been shown | by Charles Moore in one of his ear.iest works published on the statistic 0 f suicide to be false. Of course, in bringing lightning into i comparison with poison, pistol ai.d the knife we do not mean to be understood as speaking of the latter as if thi j oosmical causes of death, bui m< r .y to show how the judgment may Is de j ceived in sueh matters. Undoubted.j ' most people are accustomed to think j that lightning is the cause of the death ; of incomparably fewer persons than die of poison administered by themselves or i of throat-cutting or shooting, but in vestigation shows this belief is without foundation. In France, where it is -aid j by Dr. De Doismont that about one j hundred thousand persons have died by | their own hands since the beginning of the century, and where suicid< is there fore prevalent, if we rappOM that out of a hundred uses the pistol in the act, we lind that the proportien of such deaths to the whole population is > than one in 100,800; and in the United States death by lightning is about or.e ill 250,000. The figures arecuriou- only because they show that among a peop.e who are not in the habit of kil.ing themselves as compared with a peo, e who are supposed to be addicted to that habit, lightning—a seemingly r .re cause of death—does so little less for the latter than the pistol does for the formrr. Among ourselves they seem to ] be about equally efficacious. Longevity in Europe. Horr Max Waldstein, of the statistic a, department at Vienna, says, {nam j puniished pamphlet, that the number of persons in Europe who ar< upward of ninety yearn old is 12,831. Of those who are over 100 years old there arc 241 women and 161 men in Italy, 899 wc m< B and 138 men in Austria, and 526 women and 524 men in Hungary. There are in Austria 1,5 and 10,000 have oome East and to other and*.