©Jw (flifutee BELLEPONTE, PA. The Largest, Cheapest and Best Paper PUHLISHED IN CENTRE COUNTY. THE SOUTH AM) CINCINNATI. WHAT THE CONSERVATIVE DEMOCRATS OF THE 80UTII WILL EXPECT IN THE DEMOCRATIC NOMINEE. MONTGOMERY, Ala., May 5, 1880. Major Cal Sayre. BEAR SIR: In reply to your inquiry as to presidential candidates I have no hesitation in expressing my views, not, however, for publication. It is of the highest importance that the Bemocratic party should succeed in the next election. I say this, not merely because I wish that party, as a party, to have success, but because its principles, in my judgment, are essen tial to the preservation of our Repub lican system of government. The tendency and purposes of the Radical party are to a concentration of all pow ers of government in what is termed the National Government., We cannot mistake the purposes of that party in this respect, as developed by the ex pressions of its leaders, by its platform of principles - and especially by its apparent determination to elect General Grant the next President. Our Gov ernment, as it was made by our fore fathers and as it was conducted for three quarters of a century, is Federal and not National. It was designed to be a Federal Republic, based on inde pendent, fcoequal and indestructible States, having only a few specified general powers, leaving to the States respectively all other governmental powers. It is national in the relations it bears to other nations. It is national in so far as its laws operate on the individual citizens; in all other respects it is purely Federal. Such a govern ment, when properly administered, will always be strong in the affections of the people and always strong enough to accomplish the purposes for which it was established. As a nationality, by insidious and latitudinous construction of the Constitution (absorbing the pow ers which properly belong to the sepa rate States), it would ultimately become a centralized despotism, destructive of liberty. To suc'i en end the plans, purposes and principles of the Radical •party are rapidly progressing. The very fact that General Grant (who has already occupied the Presi tial chair for two terms) is pressed for a third term is alarming to all lovers of constitutional government. The sug gestion ignores the example of all preceding Presidents, and the solemn advice of the besi of the.n, and outra ges the traditiors of our fathers and the spirit of the written Constitution. However expanded have become our territorial limits, the improvement and practical developments of recent years nave enabled the remotest States to feel themselves nearer to each other than the original Revolutionary thir teen. Gur territorial expansion and the multiplication of States and of peo- J>le have created no necessity for anv ironger central government, and cer tainly no necessity for an enlargement of its powers. The great issue in the next Presiden tial election is whether the Government of our fathers and of the fathers of the republic shall be destroyed and a grand nationality, if not an empire, put in its place. It behooves all who love our written Constitution and republican freedom to stand squarely and firmly with those who propose to preserve the ancient landmarks and follow in the footsteps of the fathers. The South is the minority section of our Government, and hence it must al ways maintain a strict construction of the Constitution as the bulwark against the usurpations of a dominant numeri cal majority and the commotions of popular passion. The tendency of pow er is to augment itself. Against such tendency the checks of a written con stitution enshrined in the ntfections of a great people must always be preserved and they Will always be preserved while the people remain uncorrupted by the blandishments of power. In the coming contest for the Presi dency the South ought to support and I doubt not will support that party which by its principles and its practice* has conformed to the standard erected by the fathers. The South has no can didate of its own for President or Vice President. The South asks no place on the ticket. The South only,wants a good man, tried and true, who will ad minister the Government with an eye single to the preservation of the Consti tution and the Union and with devotion to the best interest of the whole country. In making the selection of such a can didate the South will have prefer ences and will express those preferences. The South will ask the North to pres ent a candidate whose private and pub lic character will command the respect and the support of the people. The South will go solidly for such an one. I know ef no one who will receive a more cordial support in the South than Senator Bayard. His ability as a states man of enlarged views, his high charac ter, publio and private; his firmness and his fearlessness in the maintenance of what he deems right, will commend him to our cordial support. If it can be shown that he can carry New York in the election 1 think he will be the nominee of the party. My own opinion is that Bayard for President and .Judge Field for Vice President would make an invincible ticket. We would thus com bine the far-off East with the far-off West, enlisting sectional pride and combining qualities of statesmanship and purity of character which would challenge the hearty support of all sec tions of our common country. 1 think the delegates to the Cincin nati Convention from Allabama will go uninstructed, having the discretion to cast Alabama's vote for the best and most available men. We might perhaps feci disposed to nominate Tilden if we were sure he could carry New York. His election, by an overwhelming majority, would be a fit rebuke of the frauds by which Mr. Hayes was placed in the chair of State. But while we feel that it would be due to Tilden to nominate him, we cannot afford to hazzard our success by the indulgence of personal or political sent imentality. The uutnes regarded with most favor in Alabama at this time are Bayard, Thurman, Hancock and Field. We have a high regard for Hendricks, but wo know that he would not accept the place of Vice-President on our ticket, with Tilden as President. To nominate either him or Tilden without tho other being placed on the ticket would be an unwise and invidious distinction. I therefore regard both Tilden and Hen dricks as out of the race. General Hancock is a great favorite with the South, and so is Judge Thur man. And Field has recently loomed up, with amazing rapidity, owing to his very able and sound constitutional opinions delivered in late cases. Wo regard Governor Seymour as out of the way, by reason of his age and in firmities, and by tho fact, especially, that he has positively declined to allow the use of his name. If I could elect a President by my single vote, I should perhaps take Judge Thurman. 1 have a very high option of his ability and purity. But I incline to the opinion that he is not the availa ble man for the times. My present be lief is that Bayard is the available man. Bayard and Field would make a very srrong ticket. There is but one thing which could mako me hesitate ns to Bayard, and that is, his speech in 1861. For such a speech I admire him ; and 1 admire him still more because he says now that he has nothing of that speech to take back. Tlie fear I have is that the fanaticism of the North may base on that speech the hackneyed cry of "Bloody shirt." Yet I have faith in the intelligence of the people, and I believe good men everywhere would admire Bayard for Buch a speech. The manliness of its tone, the love of the Constitution and the Union displayed in it, and the eloquent plea for peace pervading it ought, now that the pas sions and prejudices of the past are dying out, to enlist for him enthusiastic support in all portions of the Union. I have an abiding hope that the next contest for the Presidency will be fought on principle. I trust that the people, North, .South, East and West, will no longer be governed by the "bates of tho past," but rather "by the hopes of the future." And 1 fond ly hope that in the next Presidential election " this great people will fold up the scarlet shirt and lay it away in some secluded spot with no headstone to mark the place of its eternal rest." I have written currenle ca/amo and without even looking back to see what I have said or how 1 have said it. Very truly yours, T. 11. WATTS, Sr. The Army iind the Signals. The Manual of Signals "for the use of signal officers in the field" embraces 559 pages. It is interesting to read therein what Polybius and Captain John Smith did ; how the code of ten elements may be permuted; how to estimate approxi mately the power of a telescope, and we are glad to learn from its pages that "the" signalist, since well taught, be comes independent of "books, codes, or oepacial apparatus," Ac ; but life is short and "signal officers in the field" are re stricted in transportation. Then, too, adepts tell us that the student maymnnt certain portions as obsolete, impractical or "twice told tales." That General Meyer's work is not a compendium is because so many cooks from Norton and Totten down to Gruzan, have had their finders in the pie. The volume is like Joseph's coat in the illustrations, and a patch-work as a literary production. It is too cumbersome and ditluse for a text-book. The code is in as universal use for signal men as the house for telegraphers is called the general service code, and occupies one half of page 545. A know ledge of this code renders visual aerial communication practicable; hencecsme code cards. These latter were bits of printed paste boards, less than four inches square, and supplanted the bulky manual. To the student either born of a dilemma was thus then offered. The red-covered book was Loo much of a good thing. The code cards did not convey enough information. First Lieutenant HughT. Reed, First Infantry, and ex acting signal officer, recognized the necessity for a work em bracing the signal tactics and essential points connected with the instruction of a signal man; so he.compiled and condensed within the space of sixty pages all of the information required, and he placed his modest venture where he thought it would do the most good ; that is, in the hands of the Secretary of War. As a tactical text-book and man ual, Lieutenant Reed's treatise received the commendation of General Emory Upton. As a practical, reliable work, containing the leading principles of the special branch to which it pertains, and excluding nonessentials, the treatise merited kinder treatment than it re ceived at the hands of General Meyer's board of assistants, who sat down upon the presumptuous author in the most approved Dogberry style. So if the book is adopted for the use of the army of the United Strtes it will be in spite of and not because of the chief signal offi cer of the army. At present no work in aignalism is "by authority" other than that assumed by the writer, and it remains to be seen whether Lieutenant Reed's tactics will be accepted by the parties most interested in the applica tion of signals to the array system. The Excavation of Troy. STMIEMANN'S WORK COMPLETED AND ITS RESULTS. SCHLLITMANA'* LHR TO ST. PATARABARG OOLOA. I have just returned from Asia Minor, where I have at last finished that dig ging out of Troy which I began in 1870. During ten years I have struggled with great difficulties, among which, perhaps, the most troublesome has been the large amount of debris under which the an cient city was buried. It has been necessary to dig down and dig up the ground for more than sixteen yards below the surface. But lam fully rec ompensed for all my trouble. I found the remains of seven different ancient cities ; the last of them was the Ilion of Homer. That city was built by the .Eolians, banished from Greece by the Dorians in the eleventh oentury before our era. Iu one of the buried cities I found many statues of Minerva with the owl's head, whence her name of Olauco pis. In another city were found many images of the divinities. Rut the most interesting and important of all discov eries is, of course, the city of King Priam. Every article found in tbe ruins of that city bear unmistakable signs of hntVing been destroyed by fire and in a time of war. There were discovered many remains of human bodies in full armor. 1 dugout and cleared away the debris from the entire wall that sur rounded the city and also from all the principal buildings. Now I am finish ing a large volume in English describing with full details all my discoveries and containing 200 illustrations of the most important of the discoveries. My Tro jan collection is now in London, but at the end of this year I shall take it to my villa in Athens, which is fire-proof, built only of marble and irpn. I have received large offers for my collection from the United States, England, France and Germany, but I cannot part with it for any money in the world. Tililen ami Ills Lost Lore. Frotn tho Leavenworth Mituc*. The story of Tilden's love is the sad dest page in all the long history of his eventful life. Let him tell the people how, in the first bloom of early man hood, he was betrothed to a beautiful lady of one of tho old families of New York ; how her parents decreed that, on account of her youth, she should spend two years in Europe before her marriage; how they pledged eternal fidelity to each other, and registered their vows at parting that, no matter how many years might intervene, each heart should beat sacredly for the other till a kindlier fate should reunite them; how tho loved one sailed away in the famous but ill-fated steamship President, from which no tidings have ever yet been brought back ; how annually, on the day that farewells were spoken, he repairs to the sea shire and listening to the sad murmur of the wuvea renews his vows, and how, through all the temptations that have coine with a long life of influence, wealth and power the pledge of his youth has been faith fully kept, and his heart remains sa credly true to his first love while the years glide by. A Plea for Flowers In Decoration. VIOII AI.S TO BE DRAWN FRO* DA I NTT PREACH ERS OF WOODLAKD AND OAT'IEN. Fr>tn London NVwi, Mjr 10. Tlio instinct for associating the in cidents of our existence with plants and keeping up in nature a |ierpetual calendar of pure thoughts nud rever ent memories can lie easily and abund antly illustrated. Any library w ill be found to have a perfect literature on the subject in its modern aspect, while, if we trnee the worship of flowers back into antiquity, we find it sending its roots and branches from language to language and climate to climate, and finally stretching bark to thetimc when men were all of one family, when there was but one garden in b® wo.ia <* single altar sufficed to bear the floral offerings of all the humau race. Since then, wherever lie has gone, man has planted gardens and cultivated flow ers, selecting them as the types of all that is most lovable in human nature !or most sacred in the Divine. The lessons and morals that have been drawn from these dainty preachers of the woodland and the meadow are beyond number, and their influence upon character is incalculable. This i is no idle sentiment, hut a solid prao | tical fact; as old Gerard says, "it would lie an unseemly thing for him that doth look upon and handle fair and beautiful tilings, and who fre quenteth and is conversant in fair and beautiful places, to have his mind not I fair nlso." At christenings, weddings and funerals, flowers nre alike con spicuous, and though we do not strew I t lie parsely and pile up the amaranth, ; our cemeteries arc made beautiful with the cypress, the yew and tho rose. It is not perhn|>s commonly known how this the sweetest of blossoms came to bca flower of the grave; hut the explanation is that the ancients loved the flower so well that in their wills they often bequeathed legacies for the purpose of planting roses about them when they were dead, and from them and from flower-loving Rome the cus tom came to England, and in Camden, Aubrey, Evelyn and other writers of the olden time the churchyard roses are frequently mentioned. In Wales the pretty fashion still prevails, and where a nastor or one who has de served well of his neighbors for liber ality dies they plant red roses about his grave, ami the white rose always graces the last resting place of maidens and of children. Rosemary is the emblem of regret, the bay of resurrec tion ; and these, in country places, the mourners often carry still, while at the corpse's head they plant the cy press or other evergreen as typical of eternal life and strew the coffin with flowers iu memory of Paradise, which was filled with them. With infant life white flowers are universally as sociated, and whether at the font or the bier the symbols of innocence are seldom wanting. What wedding, again, could there be without flowers 7 Has not Nature ordained, for the express benefit of brides and t° show that marriage is never out of season, that the orange flower shall bloasom from January to December? And, in the face of this stupendous fact, what maiden would go to the altar without her wreath and wepay ? But it is not only in the mv-.e important events of fife—births, deaths and marriages— that the old, half-reverent use of flow ers is still conspicuous, for, though we may deck our tables "for ornament" only, we are still really perpetuating a graceful pagan rite. Whenever we enter a church with flowers in it, be it on I'alm Hunday or at a harvest feast, or on any ordinary service, we are, after all, only carrying on the tradi tion of worshipping with flowers which is older than the Feast of Tabernacles, with its palm, myrtle, and willow, and as old indeed as Abel's altar. It is well to draw memory now and aguin to these links of the present with the past and to remind ourselves in our busy nineteenth century life how the trees of our woods and the flowers of our gardens are all eloquent of the history of the human heart and in stinct with the most beautiful legends of our race. We would not see tbe Circus Maximus rebuilt to celebrate the Floralia, nor should we care to have all our plants invested with their old superstitious interest; but every one must be glad when such a cere mony as that of yesterday recalls for a passing hour the gratitude we owe to the world of flowers and the lesson which among so many others they still teach us, that evea though ephem eral nations of men grow up and die away and the harlequin empires glitter and go, they, the frail flowers, bloom on forever, keeping a record of time and linking the ages to each other. Sons of Mighty Sires. THE CHARACTER AND APPEARANCE OF ROB EKT UNCOCK AND STEPHEN A. DOCGI.AS. from the Oliirlrinntl Commercial. In my specials I alluded to the cats-paws that were being made of the sous of Abraham Liucolu and Stephen A. Douglas to enable the machinists to rake the Grant chestnuts out of the Illinois lire. These young men need guardians. It was not a bad idea, viewed from a poetic standi>oiut, that the old-timers had of burning the king's household —women, babes and boys —with the king's body! Itdidn't give the heirs a chance to tarnish the reputation of the dead. All the ro mance in Illinois politics clusters about the names of Douglas and Lin coln. They are the political idols of Suckerdom. Their names ornament counties, townships, hotels, streets, saloons ahd cemeteries. As you enter tRe unfinished Capitol you are greeted with the names of Douglas and Lin coln. ■ Their statues stand on either side of the main entrance, and full length portraits of each hang in the Hall of the House of Representatives, where the convention was held. Young Douglas and young Lincoln were both brought here to give respecta bility to the Grant bolters from Coqk county. They permitted themselves and the names they wear to be used as sort of door-mats. Stephen A. Douglas resembles his father only iu body. His figure is short and dumpy. His head sets on a neck so thick and **COUt pnJ dwiir with fni tlial it iff hard to tell where the shoulders leave off and the skull begins. His face is pock-marked, and is not at all pre possessing or intellectual. He is en ergetic ami tonguey, and possesses some wit, which with a gift of gab and a name constitute his stock in trade. When Grant gets a third term, Doug ln' reward might be a fiost office. I Robert Lincoln is about thirty-five | years of age. He is tall, has a manly | form aud bearing, ami carries his head erect and thrown backward. His j face is covered with a full beard, worn i after the English style. He moved ; very quietly among the crowd, and is j not as fussy as Douglas. Dark cir cles surround his eyes, and he looked to me like a man who indulges in spells of illness. He is a man of char acter and integrity. He enjoys the good opinion of his neighbors, is a good lawyer ami a fair talker. 1 • The llill* Moses on Xebo. I from the AI Trltmne. Moses turning sadly and slowly from the sacred tabernacle over which the , pillar of cloud hovered and in which lie had so many times communed with I Jehovah face to face, as a man talks to a friend, and from the goodly tents of Israel which were spread forth ujoii the plain like gardens by the riverside, he sets his face toward the mountain and begins to cliiub the steep ascent of Nebo to find the place of his death. An old man, 120 years of age, leaves behind the people whom he has loved with a love still stronger than death, he goes away into the solitude of the uninhabited heights to die alone. No friendly hand to smooth the pillow for him to lay down for his last sleep ; no human face to bend over him with its look of sympathy ; no human voice to whisper words of peace and comfort to cheer him in his departure. The chiefs and the elders of the tribes.were not permitted to come and tell him how dear he had been to them, not withstanding all their murmuring* and rebellious. No loving eye wept when death cast its pale shadow upon his aged brow. Slowly, step by step, he climbs the stony mountain path, now hiding him self in the shadow of deep ravines and now coming out upon projecting crags, and looking down upon the great en campment of his people iu the plains below. He would gladly bear their murmurings and share their conflicta if he might go over Jordan with them aud possess the goodly land beyond. Many a time with deep earnestness had he besought tbe Lord that this joy be given to his long fife of suf fering ana toil. Buj no ; it must not be. There is no forgetting, no resist ing the stern command "get thee up into tbe mountain and die. As a last peculiar favor, when he reached the ulmoHt height, he in j>er initted to behold the land afar in its ut rnowt extent of hills and valleys, wild forests and fertilizing streams. North ward the range of snow-shining llcr mou hangs like a white cloud in the sky. And there is a vision of beauty and verdure which the meek old man had longed and prayed with a child's fond ness of desire to behold. There is Ijcbanon, the goodly mountain, cloth ed in its royal robe of purple cedars, sending forth the iifogiving tribute of jierjK'tual streams. The oak groves of the table lands of Gilead and Tabor and Gilboa and little Hermon, and the sunny hills of Galilee rise in near er prospects. Far away westward to the utmost sea, extends the excellency of Carmel, the teaming plains of Meg iddo and the rose crowned beauty of Bharon. Right beneath him Jericho sits like a queen beneath her canopy of feathery palms, and just beyond a shapely-defined point in the clear air rise the heights of Olivet and Bethle hem and Hebron and the rocky shad ow of Morian just seen through the New Victor Sewing Machine—Harper Jirothcrs, Agcntn. t NEW VICTOR. SIMPLICITY SIMPLIFIED! ovements September, 1878. itbstanding tbe VICTOR l I; I" K , .... BRI.I.EFi ATI ft IhiHincKH ("artl*. I.IAKNES3 MANUFACTORY l Osn&an'a Nw 81-wk, BtLI ) ) Mn . \ K \ )y r P. BLAIR, A • JF.WKI.KR, WATCH in, nrxTtn, JITILIt, Mr. All work nrallr .tarnlod 0 Allegheny linUr llpurk^fhnff I)KALEHS IN PUKE DRUGS ONLY. 5 I ZELLERA SON, a x ft 9 DRt'OulsTt. ■ 6. Rr< k.rboff Row, 5 jj AH the Standard Clm,i MRdHnM Pre-! x wrljitlt.HA and Family lit. i Hrnimitli 1 p. * pr.jwrwL Trtiaawi, Sh..aider Braraa. Ac., Ac 5 _ 4 " i f T OUIS DOLL, 1J FAAIIIORABI.K RTfVT A MIOKWAKKR. Ur - k. ili fl Ko, Allegheny Mrwl, !~'j kllafiinlr, Pa t. c. ninxa, Ptw.l. t. r. It • r. n.,arrtr*r la IWlltfoat* A •' r. a. MiabiW -,11 r ■..arrlaaa at St..'* Mi— A7 r. a. DAMKI. RIIOAt*. , I o.ttnal Paprrintrn l' t t Hald eaqlb valley rail- ROAlL—Titnr-Tabla, April 2ft. l*'t ;Ei( . Mall. aurvaaa. aaaratan KrpM.il *•"• T a.a. . , ft lo * 32 ...... Arrlr at Trr-mr I*#**, ? t t >. I*.l •ti ."..Ut.U.il,. Uat... *ll t.7 7 *2l ...... 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ERIK MAIL laaraa Philadelphia 11 AA |> tn " Harrtabnrg 4 2ft ata " Mil llaataprirt ft .V- are " took Haraa ft 40 an " Rrairro.— go M, n M . __ 7 RS 0 n KtAUARA EXPRESS Iraraa Philadelphia. Iftir " " II arrtt>*rg. -10AO ain *• Wllllareaport Ito|< ta „ arrlraa at Raanro 4 4o r> at "•J 1 !"' I'7 Otto train am** In Balla fonta at.. .......... 4 V r m PAST LINE laaraa Philadelphia....... . 11 44 ala " Harrtatrerg JUta " William at* rl .„ 7p ra arrlraa at Uvh Harm ft 40 r re EASTWARD. PACIFIC EXPRESS la*as Lock llaran • 40 a ■ " Wllliaaaftputl.. 7 Aft an arrlraa at llaniahurg II Wan l>AT>*pnmai " T-hlladalpbla 344y re DAY RXPRRRS laaraa laaam |o 10 a ta " Ift* Harm. II Pa* Wllllareaport IS 40 a in arrlraa at HarrMkan 4 lop at Philadalpbla 7 SO p ■ ERIK MAIL Ira rat Rrnr* ft M a at n " Track Haraa.. ft 4ft p n _ II oft p ■ " arrlraa at llarrlabara... |Uia •ana• nr. . HllaStdpWn. 7 Man •ART LINE laarrt Wtlllamapiot..., , L- it Ma n " *mraa at RarrtadRllHlJ|ga. 7*A an . * ri * MratWlagar* Kt proa* Want, Lark Haraa t aa.nn. Sanaa Maat, and tap Mm. tart, m.ka *• tralaa fer Wtlkaakat 1 and Sctaaloa 1 Mmt, and Loch Harm AcronnodaMon Waal. ' U rrlta J4.0. R *l*'' Rkpraa* WaM, and tap w..T7 o. K . r, 'a*a W L*r. at EH* wttk train* ST -*• - K *:■ ' °°rry with 0. C. AA.V. R. ri;li7K;"7 ;"i i r.. raa .1 U L r " Pklladrlpbla aa ***rn Wral. Bri. Eipran Tint and Day E.pr— n!S'.^!?i,,," ta ' Shnplat car* on all ■Htkl train*. W. A. Rttftrt**, Ura l Sapariatrndrnt.