TALES OP SUFFERING.
Incident* of the Terrible I'bUu in
Irelend.
By direction of tho citizens' Irish
famine relict committee, of Philadel
phia, their sub-committee on distribu
tion addressed letters of iuquiry to re
sponsible parties in Ireland lor infor
mation as to the extent and sovcrity of
the distress in the several localities.
Among other letters received in reply
were the following:
Sister 8. M. Teresa, of the convent of
Our lately of Mercy, Cappaquin, writes:
Since the famine years there was not, I
believe, such distress, because the farm
ers and shopkeepers who were able to
help the poor people, either by giving
them work or alms, ore now as badly off
as themselves. Many of the farmers
could not pay their rents and are sold
out. May our good God comfort them
and inspire those who have money to
be generous, at lost for a few months,
when we are in hopes things will not
look so awfully hopeless as at present.
When Katy's $lO came we commenced
the children's breakfast, which we have
continued to keep on ever since; but
last week, when the numlwrs had in
creased to nearly eighty, it was an
nounced in school that from Monday all
whose fatiicis were living should break
fast at home. Although the father may
earn one shilling or one shilling four
pence on fine days, what is it but starva
tion when rent, fuel and food are to be
paid for? As to clothes, they are out of
the question.
Mrs. Cullinane, of Bantry, writes: I
am sorry to say there is great distress
here. But for the money supplied by
the friends in Dublin and what was con
tributed by the shopkeepers I don't know
what would have become of the small
farmers and laborers. Every mem
ber of the relief committee has his time
fully engaged. You know the district
from Luave bridge to Glengariff and
how wretched the inhabitants are all
the way. The poor creatures get no em
ployment, their crops failed altogether,
and they have to come down to Bantry
to get a share of the relief, which, on
account of being divided between so
many, sometimes a family is obligci. to
subsist for a week on a couple of shil
lings. Picture to yourself perhaps eight
or nine human beings living on two
shillings per week, ft just keeps them
from dying of starvation. I went into
a house to-day in whicn there were
three sick children lying on what ap
peared to me to be old meal bags, and
the covering was not much better. In
the mother's arms was a fourth child,
who, I was told, was recovered from
" the sickness," but was not able to walk
from weakness. There wore other chil
dren, also, looking miserable. The father
was only able to get work for two dajs
last week, and the mother assured me
the only drink she was able to give the
sick children was water. lam listening
to sinsilar stories of misery every day.
Crowds of poor people come about the
house trying to get some of the relief.
Only two landlords contributed to the
fund—one gave $25 and the other sls. I
don't know how any person can be so
heartless as to put forward a statement
to the effect that there is no distress.
Unfortunntely there is. and until crops
grow it will continue. I hope the col
lections to relieve our poor people will
be kept up in America. If those cease
Ireland will be in a bad way. God bless
the good people who have given us their
money so generously, and I trust that
He who has His own wise ends in view
will grant a plentiful harvest next year.
Sheep Killed hy Grass Seed.
The penalty of getting hay seed in
one's hair must be serious in some parts
of Australia. There are districts in that
country where the sheep are much dis
tressed and often actually destroyed hy
he seeds of certain grasses called " Fle
liilla," which, having once fallen upon
rbeen caught by the wool.quickly work
'.heir way through the skins of the ani
mals into their flesh. The ripe seeds of
'hese grasses are armed with recurved
iiarbules whose points, being sharp as
needles, easily penetrate the skin, every
movement of the animal tending to drive
the seed deeper and deeper into tin flesh.
The mutton exposed for sale in the
butchers' shops is sometimes so full of
these grass seeds that it excites the at
tention of strnngprs. One newly arrived
• migrant describes a fore-quarter of mut
ton as rest mbling a ham just taken from
the bag of chaff in which it tiad been
brought from England. On close exam
ination it appeared that many of the
ceds had still their long, thin tails
drawn through the flesh, like threads
interlacing each other in every direc
tion. He goes on to pay that, on ques
tioning the butc her, Ite was told that
they rarely killed a sheep that was not
more or less punctured in this way. It
stands to reason that butchers' meat,
such as litis, must need to he thoroughly
cooked before eating. From other ac
counts it appears that the seeds are not
infrequently found nctuaily piercing the
heart, Uver and kidneys of sheep that
have died from the effeetsof their move
ment*. One writer says that he has
found "tlieint rnal organs so crowded
with the seeds that they felt like a bag
of needles, if squeezed in the hand. On
some "runs," where these grasses are
specially abundant, the annual loss of
sheep Is a vtry serious matter. It has
even been asserted that the northern
part of Queensland is unfit for sheep be
cause of the great abundance of the
noxious grasses.
A Ghastly Nlorj.
The wife or a skilled artisan namad
Schniid. ol Satunra, Russia, gave birth
to a child while her husband, who had
spent all his wages for many previous
weeks in liquor, was away from his
home upon a drunken frolic. Two days
after her confinement Schmid staggered
<n, and began to shout, with horrible
threats and curses, for iiis dinner.
There having been neither food nor
money in the house since he had last
left it, the unfortunate woman had had
no nourishment for herself or her balie
since its birth, and the latter had died
of exhaustion but a few minutes before
its father made his nppearnnee. To
Sehmid's brutal menaces his miser
able wife made no answer. She rose
from her pallet, wan and emaciated,
••rent acro.-s the room to the dresser,
took thence a large .lish, which shecar
ried back to the bed, and, placing the
baby's corpse upon the dish, set it
down on the table before her husband,
with the simple but awful words:
"There is nothing else to eat in the
house!" Schmid sat gazing with a
glassy stare at his dead child for some
time. Presently a neighbor came in
and spoke to him, but lie uttered no
word and made no sign. Upon closer
examination he was found to have en
tirely lost his reason, and he was con
veyed to a madhouse, where he still re
mains a hopeless lunatic.
KELIHIOUM NEWS AND NOTES.
Ex-Governor Brown, of Georgia, has
given $50,000 to the Southern Baptist
Theological Seminary, at Louisville,
Ky., to endow a professorship.
There are, it is said. 150,000 German
Protestants in Brazil, the majority o
whom arc Lutherans. They are very
poorly supplied with pastors ana
churches.
The Rev. George G. Pentecost, the re
vivalist, has closed n very successful
series of revival meetings In Dotroit—
the most successful, it is said, ever held
in that city.
Tho Scottish Episcopal church has
seven bishops, 912 churches, and 995
clergymen, against 1,63f ministers and
1.530 churches belonging to the Estab
lished church of Scotland.
The Baptists of New Jersey have 175
churches with 39,737 members. The
members, as related to the population
of the State, stand as one to twenty
seven. Those churches report 18,371
baptisms in the past ten years, or about
1,600 a year.
The triennial session of the Free Will
Baptist General conference will be held
at Weirs, on Luke Winnipesoekee, New
Hampshire, beginning July 21. This is
the centennial year of the denomination,
the first church having been organized
at New Durham, near Weirs, in 1780.
The value of the ehureh property of
the Northern Methodist church in the
South is estimated at $8,500,000. The
benevolent collections last year
amounted t0567.r>50, of which $10,130
was contributed by the colored mem
bers.
Chicago has 913 churches, besides 20
mission chapels and 11 Adventist and
Spiritualist societies. The Catholics
have 34 ol the churches, the Baptists 24,
the Lutherans 24, the Methodists 10,
the Presbyterians 18, and the Episco
palians, Congregationalists and He
brews 10 each.
The Freedmcn's Aid society proposes
to the friends of tho late Bishop Haven
to raise $30,000 for the completion of
Clark University, at Atlanta, Ga., as a
suitable monument to his memory, his
name to be given to a professorship in
the institution, in which he was very
much interested.
It is estimated that among the Eng
lish-speaking population of tbe wortd
there are 1H.000.000. Episcopalians, 16,-
0041,000 Methodists, 13,500,000 Roman
Catholics, 10,250,000 Presbyterians,
8,000,000 Baptists. B,o< 41,000 Congrega
tionalists, 1,000,000 Unitarians- (if
other religious sects there are 1,500,000
adherents and 8,500,000 are of no par
ticular religion.
The R v. Theodore Monod, a promi
nent Protestant pastor of Paris, has been
deputed by a French rgissionary society
to visit the United States, to represent
the present condition and needs of
Protestantism in France, and to obtain
help for the evangelization of Paris and
other parts of that country. M. Monod
studied theology in the United States.
A careful inquiry into the statistics of
the work of the Methodist Episcopal
church in the South shows that there
are 913,776 white and 197,123 colored
members, a gain of 8,000 colored and
about 8,000 white memliers in two
years. There was an increase in the
same period of 129 preachers and 24,228
Sunday-school scholars. The number
of baptisms last year was very large,
reaching 40,406, about one-half being of
adults.
The Salvation Army has considerable
strength In Great Britain. It has an an
nual income of nearly SIOO,OOO, and it*
organization includes 120 corps, 180 of
fleers nnd 3,256 speakers. It holds 50,
000 meetings in the course of a year.i p
113 theaters and music halls, beside
about 40,000 open air meetings. One
estimate of the aggregate of the audi
ences places it at 2.000.000.
The Fcople of Havann and Their
Customs.
A correspondent of the Trov lime*,
writing from Havana, says: The peo
ple here appear listless: they move
slowly, lazily I may say. There is mani
fest little of the vim and push seen in
our northern oitites. The natives are
small of stature, sharp-eyed and voluble
in speech; in communicating a simple
statement, as for instance directing the
coachman where to drive you, they will
talk, talk, and there secpns no end to the
jabber. Walking Spanish means very
slow; talking Spnnish, fast and long.
The Victoria carriages. French style
are the popular vehicles in Havana;
the streets are full of them. A courpe
drive, which may he extended three or
four miics, costs only eighteen cents:
or sixty-five cents the first hour, and
orty-fivc cents each sulisequent hour;
two persons may be comfortably seated
in a Victoria, nnd three light bodies can
squeeze in. So it wili he seen that
drivingout is a very cheap luxury here,
and it is largely availed of hy almost
everybody except the laboring people.
The horses are small, generally In
poor condition, but tough as a knot;
their endurance under the broiling sun
of this climate is remarkable; they
trot off at a fair gait and never seem
Jo tire. The cruelty practiced upon
dumb beasts is shoe ring; the horses are
most unmercifully whipped at their
work, and oxen, which are nlmost ex
clusively used in drawing service
moving immense loads wit t clumsy,
heavy carts are cruelly goaded
with a pole steel-tipped to a sharp point.
The oxen are so Itarncssed that they
draw from tlie r heads, and rope rein*
are attached to rings in their noses to
direct their course. Dumb beasts are
overworked, poqylv fed and tortured to
death. Bossessefl as they areof won
derful endurance, thty break down and
are used up in three or four years at
longest under snch cruel usage.
The sum realized from the recent sale
of the Deiuidoff paintings in Florence
($537,385) is very large, but it has been
excelled at |p*t once and approached
several times. The Gillott collectirin of
525 pictures brought $8(16,050 in 1872;
Mr. Albert Grant sold his 905 pictures
for $520,684; in 1875, Mr. Mendel's
Manley Hall collection of 445 pictures
sold for $499,800, and twenty years
earlier, Lord Nortliwick's 1,881 pictures
brought him $488,198 in cash. With
out making the statement too positively,
it is probable thßt the largest sum ever
actually paid for any single canvas was
$119,644, the picture being Muriilo's
" Conception of the Virgin," which
was honght for the Lbnvrc at Paris, at
the sale of Marshal Soult's collection in
1859. And possibly $60,000 is the
largest sum ever received for a single
work by a living artist, the picture in
this case being " 18u7," the painter
Meissonier, and the buyer A. T. Stew
art,
A Modern Romulus.
In his interesting work, entitled
" Jungle Life in India," Mr. Bali has
adduced good reasons for believing that
the old classical story of the rearing of
Romulus and Remus by a she-wolf may
be founded on fact. This author cites
the caeo of two lads in an orphanage at
Seknndra, near Agra, who had been
discovered among wolves, and in many
ways shared the habits of these ani
mals. One of his stories is supported
by a letter from Professor Max Muller.
It says: A trooper sent by the native
governor of Cliandaur to demand pay
ment of some revenue, was passing along
the banks of the river about noon, when
lie saw a large female wolf leave her
den, followed by three whelps and a lit
tle boy. The boy went on all-fours,
and when the trooper tried to catch him
he ran as fast as the whelps and kept up
with the old one. They all entered the
den. but were dug out by the people
with pickaxes, and the boy was secured.
He struggled hard to rush into every
hole or aen they came near. He becamo
alarmed when he saw a grown-up per
son, but tried to fly at children and bite
them. He rejected cooked meat with
disgust, but delighted in raw flesh and
bones, putting them under his paws
like a dog. They tried to make him
speak, but could get notiiing from him
but an angry growl or snarl. Another
instance is quoted as having occurred at
Chupra. A Hindoo father anc" mother
went out to cut their crop in March,
1843. The woman had with her a little
boy, who lately had been severely
burned on the left knee. While the
parents were at work the child was car
ried off by a wolf. Some years after
ward a wolf with three cubs was seen
about ten miles from Chupra followed
by a boy. The boy, alter much resist
ance, was caught and recognized by tho
mark of the burn on the left knee. He
could eat nothing hut raw flesh, and
could never be brought to speak. He
used to mutter and snarl, but never
articulated distinctly. The pans of his
knees and the points of his elbows had
become horny from going on all-fours
with the wolves. In November, 1850,
this boy escaped again and disappeared
into the iungle. Thus the "she-wolfs
litter" of Macaulay's " Lays of Ancient
Rome" may have been, after all, no
myth.
John Bright.
It is related that once a party o
Americans entered a studio, where a
fine portrait, just completed, was stand
ing on the artist's easel.
"Oh," said one of the Americans,
" that must bo John Bull."
"No," quietly responded the artist,
" it's John Bright."
The anecdote forcibly Illustrates the
truly British physical type of the Qua
ker orator and statesman. In personal
appearance, certainly, he is an English
man of Englishmen. Robust, though
not corpulent, of body; with a round,
full face, and bold, straight nose; his
countenance rounded, open, healthfully
ruddy, having a remarkable purity of
complexion and fine texture of skin; tiic
eyes, large, gray, clear, bright, some
times stern and defiant, but in repose
often gentle and kindly; decision and
vigor most plainly expressed in the
resolute mouth and firm jaw and chin;
a face less mobile than calm and set:
the brow broad and white, and arched
high at the top; the whole frame strong,
well-proportioned, almost massive, in
dicating great powers of endurance, and
giving, even at his prese nt age, no hint
of that delicacy of health which has in
recent years impaired his public activ
ity. In liia company, one has a keen
sense of his power, one feels himself in
tile* presence of a born leader of men.
He holds his head high, anel looks you,
and every one, full in tho face-; and that
with n keen, searching glance that
rather rolra you of your ease. Self-re
liance, hone-sty, pride of intellect, reso
lution—nay, even intolerance —may be
rend in his expression.
John Bright is now in his sixty-ninth
year. He is two years younger than
Gladstone and six younger than lord
Benconsflcid; and as English statesmen
are a peculiarly vigorous rne-e, and often
continue their public activities into the
eighties, it may he hoped that lie has
still some years of labor in the cause of
reform before lilin. His public life be
gan in 1843, wl.cn be was thirty-two
years of age. in which year he was
fleeted to parliament by theold historic
city of Durham. Four years later be
took his seat for the first time as the
representative of the great progressive
constit uenc-y of Manchester His career
in the houscof commons, therefore, has
extended over a period of thirty-seven
years- Good Comimny.
Tbe Debfa of the States.
Below wr have compiled a table show
ing the debts of the States of the Union
in 1840 and 1879. The figures for 1840
hsve been obtained from a statement
published in 1841 hy Albert Gallatin,
and those ol 1879 from the various Slate
documents. At this time the table will
be of peculiar interest:
Total Stale Total Slate
Statu. Ihfit. 1870. Debt, 1840,
AUUina #7.800,300 811,500000
At known 5,000,000 3,000,000
California 3,403,000
Colorado 123.000
Connecticut .. .... 4,967,0 0 None.
Onlnwarc 9.53,000 None.
Florida. 1.284 000 Not known.
Cleorgis. 1n,644,000 Not known.
Illinois 500,000 12,210,000
Indiana 6.000 000 11,890,000
lowa 590,000 Nona.
Kansas 1.1UJ.000
Kentucky 1,850,000 3,790.000
Louisiana 11,724,000 23,730,000
Maine 6.848,(00 550,000
Maryland *10,750,000 11,490,i00
Miohisan 9t 0,000 5,340,500
MinnnMita 2,675,000
Mississippi 500,000 7 000,000
Missouri.. 16,00.1,000 2,500.000
Nobreska 500,000
Nevada 660,000
Now llniiij aliire,.. 3,450,000 None.
New Jersey 2 2 0,000 None.
New Vork 9,150,000 21 000,000
Nortli Cam 1 1n*.... 27.000,000 None.
Ohio 6,475,000 12,940,000
Oregon 320,000
Pennsylvania 21,875,000 38,860.000
Khodc 151 and,.,.., 2,535.(00 None.
Smith Carolina.... 6.730,000 6,610,000
lennea-ee 26.320,000 7,150,000
Texas 5,073,000
Va.mont 140,(00 None,
Virginia 29,350,0 0 6,320,000
Went Virginia Prohibited
Wisconsin 2,250,000 None.
Total * $266,638,(8.0 #188,610,000
* Maryland held #l4 250,000 in internet pay
ing eeruriliM of corporations, besides #23,-
360,000 ol unproductive Mcuritiws.
f Masscliu*utu has a sinking fend ol
#11.268,000.
Forty years ago the various States jf
the Uuion owed $188,610,000; to-day j
they owe $900,638,000. BrwUlrtel. I
FOR THE FUR HEX.
Fashion Nam,
Street dresses are ail short.
The surtout is the coming garment.
Waistcoats are going out of fashion.
The day of the white chip bonnet is
over.
Hold glitters and sparkles on cvery
thirg.
A great deal of red is used on black
dresses.
A new lace is painted in peacock
feather eyes.
Silk muslin bonnet crowns will be
much worn.
Shoes for street wear show the sensi
ble English heel.
New suits of white nainsook are
flounced to the waist.
lianguedoc lace is much used for trim
ming evening dresses.
Crepe lisse ruchings are set inside the
brims of small bonnets.
Ruby heads and yellow pearls are the
latest novelties in beads.
Friezes should be from twenty to
twenty-four inches deep.
It is impossible to make a collarette
too large for the fashion.
Illondes wear black lace scarfs with
out any white lace or flowers.
Heliotrope and creum is the favorite
combination of colors this season.
Yellow sunflowers and crimson pop
pies are favorite flowers this season.
Eugenie net. much used in millinery,
shows gilt threads in diamond meshes.
New cashmeres come in all fashion
able colors and are unusually rich in
effect.
Sleeveless habit corsages of velvet or
satin are worn over ball dresses of tulle
or gauze.
Satins figure extensively among hand
some labnes for costumes and bonnet
garniture.
Beaded and jet passementerie forms a
fashionable garniture for costumes of
silk and satin.
Beaded passementeries are largely
used for trimming silk and satin man
tles ard dresses.
Plain eolnred Freneh buntings will be
combined with figured foulards for wear
at watering-places.
New dress buttons come in two sizes
one intended for the coat and the other
for the dress waist.
The prevailing fancy for directoire
styles has brought lindruped toilets
largely into fashion.
Cotton satin, witii printed designs of
flowers, is the novelty said to be held in
reserve for the summer.
Some of the new artificial flowers are
furnished with celluloid leaves wlreh
appear very lifelike and are said to wear
well.
Spring nnd summer mantles are
weighted with a profusion of lace, rib
lion and jet fringe, network and orna
ments.
The new woolen mixtures are no
heavier than the French huntings, and
are covered with alternating dashes of
two colors.
Corduroy underskirts will continue
to be worn under draperies of silk
foulard, Yeddo crape, and light woolen
dress goods.
Nun's veiling is the name of an inex
pensive dress material which ranks
higher than hunting and comes in all
the new shades.
Dresses of India muslin nia.le in
Paris are decorated with sultana scarfs
of Oriental silk, embroidered with
either gold or silver.
Eutestring ribbons have been revived
by Paris luiliincrs. Tlicv arc made
with tape borders or featic : 1 edges in
old time style, and arc called taffetas.
l)ri sacs with plan corsages, plain tight
sleeves, and plain skirls without
flounces, lahiiers, or overskirte, are
worn by some very fashionable women.
Scarfs of scarlet tulle, headed with
tiny pearl beads, are worn to advantage
by those to whom scarlet is becoming,
in place of the white illusion ncclt
scarfs of last fall.
Hats with black velvet facings trim
med with scarfs 01 cream, pink and
blue gauze may lie worn hy ladies to
whose complexions neither ol the hrtght
colors is becoming alone.
Square handkerchiefs of bright col
ored striped foulard are twisted into
pretty dress caps for Indies and fastened
on the head willi large Spanish pins fir
bouquets of artificial flowers.
Momie cloth which lias steadily in
creased in favor since its first introduc
tion as a linen fabric is furnished now
in handsome woolen goods finished
witii a crinkled or crape-like surface.
Throe small ostrich lips shaded from
pearl to heliotrope, from cream to Isa
tielle yellow, or in various shades of
taie color,form the •• Prince of Wales "
Blutaes employed on Tuscan and chip
ate
Evening dresses are made with the
bodice open, in the shape of a square or
an oval, and trimmed wi'li draperies,
lace and fringe. The sleeves are fin
ished at the elbow, nnd trimmed to cor
respond.
Many mazarin collars are still worn,
both of white and black lace. Two
plaited pieces of point d'esprit, or ol
crepe lisse ruching, one turneit up and
the other down, with a ribbon between,
make a very pretty color.
NHQ-OW plaiting* form a favorite
trimming for the foot of skirts; these
arc each three inches wide when fin
ished, nnd are made to lap an inch upon
each other; the plaiting is then pulled
out of its flat fold, to look as huncliy as
possible.
Surtout suits, consisting of long ooats
of elegant shape, slashed in the back
nearly to the waist, lined with bright
silk, provided with handsome buttons,
and worn with skirts finished by simple
knife plaiting*, are a favorite style for
handsome walking dresses.
Tlio latest novely in dress goods is
ecru ootton, thicker than the heaviest
unbleached muslins ot last summer, and
hayaderA.ripes of bright shades
of lime, scarlet, yellow and black.
Over these bayadere domestics are
sometimes draped the cheese cloths of
last summer.
A Far is letter aava Ihnt the airy lace,
satin and ribbin muffs bnv* prov d so
pretty an addition to the toilette that
tliey have established a position in the
ballroom, where they are carried in the
hand or sewn to the dress. They look
very well made to match the dresses
In the plain Oriental silks, printed with
dculpta in (told orsHrcr.
Foulards are touch need not only In
combination witli other softer silks, nut
with ftr.e woolen fabrics. Tbey arc
Heaiitlfnily finished and come In sprays,
delicate blossoms and other floriated
patterns, broche designs and dots on
black, white, cream, dark and medium
colored grounds. They furnish one ol
the most comfortable of fubrics for Hum
mer wear.
Novelties in lingerie are constantly
appearing. Among the newest are silk
petticoats cut out on the border in
squares. In each of these open places
is a small inserted pufling. Some of
these skirts are made of blue surah,
with inserted pufllngs of light blue
satin. The square pieces which arc
cutout of tnn lower part of these skirts
are not more than six inches long and
there are u number around the skirt.
The newest and simplest fichus are
vcrv large, and are of Indian muslin
embroidered on the edges, so that lace is
not needed for trimming them, though
the latter is sometimes added. They
are in four different sizes, of which
most arc graceful additions to iiouse
toilettes for the present season, and
will be; worn out ol doors during
the Hummer, when, with the wide
brimmed garden lints, they complete
most picturesque costumes.
In I/ondon for dressy occasions hoods
and muffs made ol brocade, with
strands of gold rvfnning through, are
very fashionable. The hoods are sepa
rate from the dresses or jackets and are
finished oil in front with long loops
and ends of colored (generally red)satin
ribbon nboutthree inches wide. The
muffs have ribbon nnd lining to match,
and are trimmed with black or coffee
colored lace. Sometimes the toque is
also of the same material.
Hall dresses arc made by Worth with
white skirts and colored bodices Thus
the skirts in some instances are white
tulle, the bodice cardinal velvet, col
ored brocade, or Roman "silk In pink
and paic blue horizontal stripes or
bars. The trimmings on such toilettes
are various—plain satin, gauze striped
satin, gold passementerie, woven to
imitate embroidery, beaded gauze (the
gauze into which beads are woven), and
flowers in profusion are all used.
Pretty percales and cambrics have
dark blue, lavender or gray grounds,
strewn with white polka dots. They
are trimmed with narrow gathered
ruffles edged with Russian braid edging
or with torchon. Tucked yokes are on
some of these dres<* and a band edged
with torchon lace borders the yoke,
while below the yoke the waist forms
a side plaited basque to be worn with
a belt. Rands of plain blue gingham
border the ruffles of striped blue and
white cambric dresses.
Buttons are a matter of great im
portance in modern toilettes. Tbey
arc most fanciful and varied in style.
Some are of enamel with flowers in the
Japanese style, others of tortoise shell
inlaid with gold, of carved mother
of-pearl, of engiaved steel, steel
rut in faeets. out jet, ete., hut the most
artistie are those of cliinn. painted by
hand and enameled. Some of these are
quite little mar vela, each bultoj of the
set being ornamented witb n different
pattern and becoming real works of art
► an* and Their I.ltcratnr*.
in the East, the use of the fan is of
remote antiquity. There is. a fine col
lection of fans among the Egyptian
antiquities in the British niusum"
Terence, who lived in the second cen
tury, B. C., refers, in ouc of his I-atin
comedies, to the lan. as uetd by the
ladies of ancient Rome.
The illustrations of vases and other
remains of the classic times of Greece
and Rome represent the kind of fans
which were in use in those days, while
the early manuscripts arc embellished
with drawings of those of medieval Eu
rope. The great pictures of Titian and
ids con tern pornrtcs carry the histoiy
down to more modern times.
The fan was first brought into Euro
pean notoriety ly Uatherinode Medici*,
who introduced it into France.
Great puros were spent in ornamenting
tans, and many were painted on by the
skillful fingers of Watteau.
In the paimvdaysof thj French court,
when X IV. and Marie Antoinette
lived, there was a profligate extrava
gance in fans, which was extremely
profitable to the manufacturers of them.
Queen Elisabeth, ol England when in
full dress, carried a fan. lturing the
six lot nth and seventeenth centuries, inns
were used by gentlemen. During tiie
present century 11827). it was a blow
given wth a fan by the Dry of Algiers
to t he French consul, that led to the war
which ended in makinga French colony
of that whole region.
The out-door lan WAS large enough to
screen the face fioni the sun. and in old
prints ladies, aic seen carrying their fans
in different positions, just as fancy
pleased thorn.
In old times, the fan was used to ex
press, by peculiar movement.*, love,
disdain, anger and other emotions. Gay,
in enumerating the accomplishment* of
Flavin, says:
" In other IMIUII, the tmn WOULD prove
An engine ot small fores in love."
In the eighteenth century,the fan was
held up to shield the face when any
thing too shocking for female ears was
uttered. Pope makes an allusion to the
discontinuance of the fashion:
" Dm modest fan WAS lifted np no more.
And virgins smiled st w i.st they liltished be
fore." . .
During lite same century at Tall* held
in London and elsewhere, gentlemen se
lected their partners by drawing a lan
from a number placed promiscuously in
a hat. For that reason, the fans of the
ladies were carefully studied, as each
one possessed an individuality.
A tourist in Spain. as late as 1861.
wrote the followinjwmut tlis use of
fans in church: not under
standing the services, 1 could guess the
nature of it at any pnrtionlnr tiue, by
the way in which the fans were waving.
The difference between a litany and a
thanksgiving was unmistakable; the
minuter shades of devotion were also
discernible."
In 1871, tlieie wns held, under the pat
ronage ot Queen Victoria, at the South
Kensington museum, a competitive ex
liibition of fans. Large numbers were
placed on exhibition from Egypt, Tur
key, Mexico and the islands of the Pa
cific ocean, and included almost every
private and pubho collection of any
pote. Tilt queen eoeived the highest
Errmium (fa.WO) ,or a fan which once
clonged to Marie Antoinette.
The manufacture, of fans is exten
sively carried on in England, France
and Belgium. Whole villages in Pl
cardy are employed in the various
branehet connected with the industry.
The Chinese have greatly excelled fn
the art of fan-making, and fn the species
of lacqucre 1 fans their snpetiority is ad
mitted. Cheap fans are manufactured
in Canton as low as two cents a docen.
Fans art a'so made, to a fair extent, in
this country. The total value of tlie fans
annually manufactured in the world is
placed in excess of $500,000.
An Anrlciii Itmnr*- In Tvicaaf t
A Chicago limetf orresponrient, writ
ng ironi Tum nny in Italy, says: Oar
ing tiiis visit I witnessed muy inter
esting rustic games and ceremonies,
notably a marriage, witli it* escort () f
maidens with their lamps, and a dance
OGlobratingtfiatcharroingctlitoiis among
the ancient Italians, the . opening of
summer, which Virgil describes in a
famous passage of ids firnt eclogue.
First came an invitation to the goddess
of oorn, two pretty and graceful girls
representing the priestesses of Ceres—
tiie one fair and garlanded with white
flowers, the other dark, and crowned
witli purple flowrrs. They pause to
strike their uplifted tamborfnes, while
behind thflm their sisters rush breath
less butshouting witli flowing garments
and oulsprpad arms. Two young men
with purple caps and emhroidered vests
advance, each with a silver amphora or
saered vase of wine, wiiieh is first
sipped bv the pricstes es, followed by
the maidens who surround them, and
then by the young men who closely fol
low up the rear, the whole accompan
ied by characteristic songs and recita
tions. Then all join hands, a youth
and maiden alternately, and form two
immense rings, all being crowned with
chaplets of grain and grasses, and the
priestesses decked with additional gar
lands of the same nature lianging like a
scarf across their shouldfis. The leader
directs the movements of one ring until
they all sink down exhausted, when
they are relieved by the other ring al
ternately until the old Roman dial on
the church tower marks the morning
hours and pale moonlight gives place
to the glowing day. Then they are
led, smiling tend bowing their heads, in
review before ur, and then before their
o'der friends who are seated as specta
tors, and then ngain bounding off in a
lively circle they twist and turn it into
all imaginable sltapes, seldom iireaking
the magic ting, returning again ana
again to the groups of spectators for in
spection and approval, and again bound
ing off in the mazes of the intricate
dance. The leader will perhaps con
duct tlicm to the brow of the hill and
then starting hack some of them are
sent down the bank and recovered by
the clasped hands in the chain; and
then laughing and shouting she leads
theni to tfie border of a mass of grain
spread out to dry, and drawing Iwuk as
before, some of them are thrown head
long into the long white straw, the
leader constantly passing through the
ring and turning it, as it were, inside
out- Along the blue Mediterranean or
on the borders of the inland iakes the
shores and waves iiave offered means of
bright epjoyment to these dancers lor
many happy generations.
Hl for lludu-hM.
Dr Day says in a late lecture: What
ever be the plan of treatment decided
upon, rest is the first principle to l> cul
cato in every severe headache. Rest,
which the busy man and anxiousraother
cannot obtain so long as they can manage
to keep about, is one of the first reme
dies for every headache. a':d wc should
never cease to enforce it. The brain,
when excited, as much needs quiet an 1
repose as a fractured limhoran inflamed
eye; it is obvious that the chances of
shortening the seistire and arresting the
pain will depend on our power to have
this carried out effectually. It is a prac
tical lesson to keep steadily in view, in
that there may lurk behind a simple
headache some lesson of unknown mag
nitude which may remain stationary if
quictue'r can he maintained There is a
point worth attending to in the treat
raert of all headaches. See that the
head is elevate d at night, and the pillow
hard, for if it be soft the head sinks into
it ami becomes hot; which with some
people is enou h to provoke an attack
in the moriiibg if sleep has been long
and heavy.
Qweffi \ trtorla'* Onus liter*.
Of the five daughters of Queen Vic
toria the Princes? Beatrice, the young
est. will oon Into remained the'iougc
unmarrbd. The Crown Prin"<ss of
(ierroany married at eighteen; the lam
Princess Alice, if Hesse, was inarrieai
when she wo? nineteen; the Ptincess
Helena married at twenty; the Princews
ixuiise. who had un il that time re
mained longest single, when she married
tl*o Atorquis of Iorne was about the
same age iliat her young sister is—that
is. twenty thrre. It is natural enougli
that there should 1m gesssio and rumors
alMMlt the wedded fate ol the last of the
quintet. Romance has not heen absent
trom the stories told about her, but the
truth se< ms tc be tiiat the princess ha
i liosen, up to this time, to be the confi
dant and enimpanion of her moth< r, the
queen, rather than to leave Windsor,
Balmoral and Osborne without any of
the daughtersof the widowed monarch.
Singular Case of Prodigality.
A prodigal ola new kind has ap
peared before the Paris civil tribunal to
obtain the removal of an interdiction
to the management of his property. In
this case the friends of the young man,
M. Mario Vivsrez, had intcrceefcd to
prevent liini from mining himself, not
from a reckless love of pleasure, but
from liis ardor in engaging in business
enterprises. He is the son of a notary
ofCette, and received a brilliant educa
ting. His youllitol passion was a love
of adventure and a do?ire to distinguish
himself in exploring and colonizing dis
tant lands. He first joined the army,
hut in consequence ot two duels with
superior oflfcer* in Algeria, in which
they were seriously wounded, hfc was
led to abandon that career, lie then
came to Paris, and at once launched
into the most diverse speculations,
founding companies for working coal
mines in Syria, sulphur works in Itaiy,
church-organ building in France, etc.
Journalism naturally attracted him, ami
the papers in which lie Invented capital
made no small broach in his fortune-.
His latest scheme was to found a settle
ment in Africa lor the barter of Eure>-
pean merchandise ftw ivory and e'ther
productions of the interior of the dark
continent, for which undertaking* cap
ital of several millions was to he raised.
His patrimonv was rapidly disappear
tag, and to place bounds to his costly
activity his father obtained the ap
pointment of trustees fur his properly.
The son lias now been appointed vice
consul at Sierra Leone, nod, in conse.
quence, applied to the civil tribunal U
obtain the removal of the interdiction.
The fudges, however, doubted whether
lie was yet sufficiently cured of his ex
travagant ideas and declined to accede
to the demand.
* - Tl
Three roill'on sores ot fall wheat have
been sown in California.