fP)e Centre Oemucrat.
SHUOERT & FORSTER, Editors.
VOL. 2.
Or (frntrr
Terms §1.50 per Annum, in Advance.
8. T.'SHUOERT and R. H. FORSTER, Editors.
Thursday Morning, April 15, 1880.
THE Hon. Heister Clymer is to be
married at St. Diuis this week to Mrs.
,). 15. Clemens, of that city.
AN anti-third-term convention is
announced to he held at St. Louis, at
which many piominent Republicans,
and among them Secretary Schurz,
are-to speak. •
IT is claimed that Oregon has chos
en five of the six delegates to the
Democratic National Convention, in
favor of Judge Fields, for President.
They are, however, uuinstructed, and
have also been claimed by the friends
of Mr. Tilden.
WITH Indiana Republican, and the
western cities all voting the same way,
matters will probably be simplified bo
fore next November.— Phila. Press.
Yes ! And if the Heavens were to
fall, the Press editor might catch
larks.
JOHN SHERMAN'S bloody-shirt
speech in Ohio failed to enthuse the
people and he returned to Washington,
dejected and unhappy, without making
repairs. The Mulligans nnd third
termers have now a free run over his
premises.
SENATOR TIIURMAN of Ohio has
again been chosen President of the
Senate —Mr. Wheeler, the fraudulent
Vice President, having retired tempor
arily. The Senators cap now felicitate
themselves in having a legitimate pre
siding officer instead of an illegitimate
spawn of fraud.
A JUDGMENT has been rendered in
the Dauphin county Court against the
Pennsylvania Railroad in favor of
the Commonwealth, amouuting, debt,
interest and costs, to 887,822.81,
This was an ap|ieal from the tax settle
ment for 1877, the amount in dispute
being 806,82-5.62.
THE Grant machine seems to have
got out of repair in Illinois. The
Mulligans are evidently tampering
with it. The chief engineer, Logan,
should he at home. He would per
haps lie of more service there than in
the Senate, where he is not appreciated.
Ry all means let Logan go home, or
recall the Duke from the South.
MR. lIAYKH has given the Philadel
phians, as well as Senators Wallace
and Cameron, a surprise, by the nom
ination of Willinm J. T. White a
Census Supervisor instead of Dr.
Sherwood, who was twice rejected.
The nomination has not yet been acted
upon by the Senate, but it is believed,
unless objected to by Mr. Wallace,
that it will lie confirmed.
THE attempt made by a committee
of lending Democrats to harmonize the
existing discord in the Democratic
party of New York has failed. The
'lammanyand anti-Tammany parties
will therefore hold separate conven
tions, and each have their representa
tives at the National (,'onvention
claiming admission as the true Democ
racy of New York. The war cry of
these factions is Tildeu and anti-Til
den, and the prospect of either yield
ing is not encouraging.
THE Spofford-Kellogg case still
hangs fire in the Senate. Why should
it? Kellogg is either a very base in
terloper acting as a Senator wrong
fully, or entitled to retain his seat
Why not declare it one way or the
other? The investigation of the com
mittee have shown that he obtained
the place by disgraceful means from
a body without authority to confer
it, and the mere fact that he was
forced into position by partisan blind
ness, or corrupt agreement, in disre
gard of the claims of a legally elected
Senator, should at least entitle the
case to prompt consideration and the
defrauded Senator to redress.
"XqUAL AND XXACT JUSTICK TO ALL MKN, or WIIATICVKR STATIC OK I'KRSLAHION, KKLIOIOLM OR POLITICAL."-J.ff.rwn
==i_- --='-3= 1 -
State and Popular Rights.
Tlie subject of the reservations of
the Constitution is one that should at
this day enlist the earnest attention of
the people of the United States. Re
gardless of popular rights, and the
time-honored doctrine of local self
government, the entire tendency of
radical administration has been and
is to-day towards an unconstitutional
centralization of all power in the gen
eral government at the expense of the
reserved rights of the people and the
States. Unless this teudeucy towards
the exercise of unwarranted power is
cheeked in time it will not be long
until the whole practice of govern
ment is changed, and we will find our
selves ruled exclusively from above,
instead of the jieople ruling from be
low according to the true Democratic
theory u|>on which the fathers found
ed the Federal governmcut. In a
timely article upon this subject the
Philadelphia Record remarks that "the
first ten amendments of the Federal
Constitution are a decalogue of State
and popular rights. Though not em
bodied in the instrument as originally
framed, they were adopted almost sim
ultaneously with it, having every one
of them been projiosed by some one or
other of the States as conditions of
their acceptance of it as the compact
of orgauic union. They all operate
as general restrictions upon the powers
of Congress, and they are for the most
part attirmutivc either of the inaliena
ble rights of individuals, or of the
civil and political rights substituted
as a compensation for their surrender.
They were manifestly adopted from
superabundant caution, inasmuch as
the rights they guarantee would seem
to have been already sufficiently guard
ed by the State Constitutions and hills
of rights. To forestall any infringe
ment of thein at the hands of the cen
tral Government a patriotic solicitude
for the popular liberties and for the
cardinal rights of the great munici
palities that compose the Union in
sisted upon their solemn and s|>ecific
affirmation in that national charter
which was to be tho "supreme law of
the land." The 9th and lthh amend
ments are especially significant. They
provide that "the enumeration in the
Constitution of certain rights shall not
be construed to deny or disparage oth
ers retained by the people," and that
"the powers not delegated to the Unit
ed States by the Constitution, nor pro
hibited by it to the States, are reserved
to the States respectively or to the
people." There is an essential unity
in these provisions, and they might
have been embodied logically in a
single statement. The one was intend
ed to anticipate and preclude any per
verse ingenious misapplication of the
maxim expressio unius est exeliuia alter-
I'lM —that an affirmation in particular
cases implies a negation in all others.
The other merely affirms a necessary
rule for interpreting the Constitution,
which being an instrument of limited
and enumerated powers what is not con
ferred by it is withheld and retained
by the State Governments if vested in
them by their Constitutions, and if not
so vested remains with the people as
a part of their residuary sovereignty.
Were it not for this provision color
might be found for the claim that un
formulated powers —those not defined
in either the Federal or the Htate Con
stitutions —might be asserted by the
national authority.
The utmost that can be claimed by
the advocates and promoters of cen
tralization under the tenth amend
ment is that it does not confine, the
Federal Government to the exercisoof
express powers; for implied powers
must necessarily have been admitted
unless the Constitution had descended
to the regulation of the minutest de
tails of legislation. It is a general
principle that all bodies politic possess
all the powers incident to a corporate
capacity without any formal declara
tion to that effect, and one of the imper
fections which led to the abolition of
BELLEFONTE, FA., THURSDAY, APRIL 15, 188(1.
the Confederation was its denial to
Congress of the exercise of any power
"not expressly delegated." Rut while it
was not intended by this amendment
to abridge any of the {towers granted
to the-Uniou —whether express or im
plied, direct or incidental —it manifest
ly was designed to exclude any con
struction by which other {lowers be
yond those granted should lie assumed.
All powers "not delegated"—either
expressly or by fair implication—were
meant to be reserved.
A resort to equivocal methods under
the specious plea of necessity is one of
the most formidable dangers which
menace the rights of tho States and
the ultimate sovereignty of the people.
Modern statesmen have discovered in
the verbiage of the Federal Constitution
a vast reservoir of latent {lowers. The
whole protective tariff system, in all
its magnitude, hangs upon the two
words "general welfare" in the text of
the article relative to revenue. And
in the single word "manner" in anoth
!er article is found authority in the
| General Government to regulate the
entire conduct of elections for mem
bers of Congress in any and all the
States. The same construction which
is relied on for the validity of Federal
, supervision through deputy marshals
and other officials over the polls open
!ed to elect Representatives in Con
i gross can be with equal propriety ex
' tended to authorize an invasion of
i Htate legislatures for the purpose of
| su|icrintetiding the choice of United
States Senators. Under the vicious
rule of constitutional interpretation
which the cousolidulioiiists show a dis
position to adopt the most revolution
ary aims may be accomplished, and
our entire govcrmental system may be
vitally changed. Discarding the safe
landmarks of contemporaneous Ajio
sition, and setting itfr(ffhg
attached by the framers of our organic
law to the words they used, these new
expounders of the Constitution—much
after the fashion of some religious sec
taries in dealing with the Scriptures—
boldly assert the right to wrest its
. language by attenuated and flimsy
verbal criticism into pretexts for the
most unwarranted departures from
the known intention of the authors of
that instrument. It is high time to
call a halt to the vagaries of these
modern doctrinaires."
THE election for Governor and
Representatives took place last week
in Rhode Island. There was no
choice of Governor by the people.
The election will therefore devolve
i upon the new Legislature just chosen.
i The Republican candidate for Gover
nor, Alfred H. Littleton, run behind
his ticket, but notwithstanding the
voters caught the scratching infection
to a considerable extent, the Legisla
ture isdoubtlesg Republican, nnd will
secure his election. How could it be
otherwise in Rhode Island, where many
of the best men in the State arc disfran
chised, because they are not in posses
sion of a free-hold estate, and where
laborers in manufactories are marched
to the polls as chattels of the proprie
tors to vote the Republican ticket?
A MONO the many articles we have
seen in praise of Gen. Grant by his
admirers, we cannot discover that any
one has claimed for him the merit of
successful statesmanship. He has
been twice in the Presidential chair,
and if his public acts in that capacity
would bear criticism, one would natu
rally suppose they would be brought
forward to prove his claims and fitness
for a third term. This omission on
the part of his advocates may well
challenge the reflection of those who
desire the affairs of the government
to be properly administered. His suc
cess in arms, by an immense and per
haps reckless sacrifice of fife, is not
sufficient in times of peace to commend
him to thoughtful men who believe
that enlightened statesmanship is a de
sirable factor in managing the affairs
of a great government.
. . * !
1 HE case of AVhittnker, the colored
Went Point cadet, who was found in
h u room one morning lust week in
an appnrentlv unconscious condition,
with his leet and hands bound and his
ears cut, is undergoing a searching
investigation by a board of army ofli- I
cers. "Whittaker tells a plausible sto
ry about the outrage upon him, and
lies stood up well under a sharp cross
examination ; and yet there are certain
circumstances in connection with the
affair that have given rise to grave
suspicions that all the injury tlii
• young man suffered was self-iuflicted,
or inflicted with the aid of an acconi- |
plice for a purpose. This may of
course be mere conjecture, but as yet
no clue has been found to fix the per
petration of the cowardly deed UJKIU
any one connected with the school.
The cadets ns a body indignantly dis
avow any knowledge, lot or part in it.
- \V hoever the gniltv parties may be,
they deserve not only exposure but i
| rigorous punishment, and it is to IK.- ■
hoped that the board of inquiry w ill lie
successful in discovering the truth in
orfer that ull parties may receive
sfnet justice.
i | JTIIK name of Hon. Charles A. May- j
President Judge of this judicial di
i twt is mentioned in very compliment- j
ajVf terms in various seetious of the 1
. di connection with the demo
. ertaic nomination for <iudgc of the
f Ssiireme court. The State convention
p ctild not select a belter candidate or
I oujj more worthy hi occupy a place on
, thgpupremc heneh. Judge Mayer is
! unftble, upright and thoroughly train
■ ' w ' lo honor the posi- j
titlil He has had many years of ex-
I ptSjpcC upon the bench, and is ae
. 1 knajjjptfdged to stand in the front rank
, of Common Pleas Judges of the
■ dSiif 4 an< ' prove a splendid ac
, of the higher
. ! court. The nomination could not fall
in a better quarter.
_ 7-7- —. •
1 | Tits missing not bill briber, Wil-j
■ liam H. Kemble, put in an appear- !
■ a nee at Harrisburg on Monday, shad-!
1 owed from Philadelphia by a detoc- j
' tive. Of eoursi' be received the same
' treatment from Judge Pearson that
1 bad been denlt out to his four coin- '
r panioiis in trouble the week previous,
• I That is, he was permitted to renew his
> A bail, on condition of appearing before [
thi court for sentence on the L'tSth in
stant. The bail was fixed at $">,000,
and J. C. Bombarger, the wealthy
bauker of Harrisburg, became bis
1 bondsman. It is not improbnble that
through some hocus-pocus of "addition,
'■ division and silence" these men may
yet escape the penalty of the law for
the crime of which they have lieon ad
judged guilty, and if they do in the end
• get off without punishment, we trust
there will be a day of reckoning for (
the officials who thus make a farce of
the administration of justice.
THE action of the democratic State
convention of luisiniia. savs the Har
risburg Patriot, places Gen. Hancock
, in the field ns a candidate for the dem
ocratic nomination for president. It
was Gen. Hancock who liberated the
people of Ixiuisiana from the military
despotism established in that State by
the republican party, and his recom
, inendation for the presidency by the
Louisiana democrats is an act of grati
' tude which challenges the admiration
1 of the whole country. It proves that
the democrats of the South respect and
admire a northern soldier who fought
, for the Union and who believes in con
stitutional government.
1 THE proposition to fuse the Repub
licans and re-adjustcrs in Virginia, is
denounced in very strong terms by the
New York Timet, as a measure fraught
with great danger to the Republican
party. The Times expresses the opin
ion that such a representation to the
Chicago Convention would not be ad
mitted, and if it were, would do the
1 party more injury than could finally
accrue, even if the State of Virginia
were carried against the Democracy
by fhe fusion. .
GENERAL NEWS.
Louisiana will send Hancock dele
gates to the Democratic National Con
vention.
There is at present quite an exodus
of the young men of Halifax, N. S., to
the I 'nited States.
It is reported that frost last week
ruined Hie peach crop of Delaware on
the lower peninsula.
Mike McKee, a well known character
in (lil ( 'ity, committed suicide on Friday
hy taking hydrate of chloral.
The Delaware peach crop last year was
4,000,000 baskets, nnd the Wilmington
Kerning says there is reason to believe
thai this year it will reach 7,OOO,<XXt
baskets.
The St. (jTiiis Young Men's Christian
Association has purchased, for the pur
poses of their organization, the Union
Methodist Church.
On Friday the sales at the Oil Ex
change, in i lil Cily, aggregated 1,500,000
barrels, which, according to the Iterrirl;
was tiie largest day's business ever ac
complished there.
The April elections have badlv used
up the Oreenback party in Michigan.
Indeed the spring elections everywhere
have indicated that the < ireenbackers
have nearly ceased to he a factor in pol
itics.
•James K. Dodge, who died recently
in New York,was nephew of Washing
ton Irving, whom he closely resembled
both in personal appeal ance and in that
beauty of character which rendered the
the authnr an object of universal esteem.
The suit of -lames A. Whalen, at New
York, against General l'hil Sheridan,
for $420 000, the value of the personal
properly on the Killone plantation in
Louisiana, from which he was rejected
by General Sheridan's military order,
has leen appealed to the I*. B.Supreme
Court.
Governor Cullquitt, of Georgia, recent
ly a-ked a gas company to reduce an
excessive hill for gas for the Georgia
State House. The gas company refused
and the Government has ordered the
gas to be shut off, and directed the pur
chase of eight lamps for the use of offices
of the government.
The strike in the Allentown rail mill
continues. The healers say they were
promised an increase, and they are
merely contending for what they con
sider is due them. It is understood
that the < Jen rolling mill, lately leased
by the Allentown rolling mill company,
will not start up until the strike in the
mill ceases. m
IVrtain California capitalists have
succeeded in evading the operation of
the anti Chinese law. The Oakland jute
grain sack factory, when told that all
corporations mu-t discharge Chinese
hands, complied with the law and gave
up it* corporation charter, but started
a week afterward as a private company,
with 750 Chinamen —the old hands.
The arrival of emigrants at New
York during the month of March was
21,658. This is 15,943 in excess of the
number arriving during thesame month
of last year. The excess o( immigra
tion for thi year may be accounted tor
by tbe continued depression o( busi
ness abroad and tbe failure of crops.
England furnishes 3,591, Ireland 4,007,
Germany ami .Austria 7,184, Sweden,
Norway and Denmark 3,0G8, and other
countries, 3,000.
Judge Henderson of the Dauphin
county court, filed an opinion on Mon
day last sustaining the Auditor General
in hi* appraisement of Pennsylvania
railroad shares at their average value,
from the Ist to the 15th of Noveml>er,
1879. The company had made the ap
praisement at tho average during the
entire year. The difference in the ap
praisement is eleven dollars a share, and
the whole amount involved is $470,000.
As it is a test case the decision will put
into tbe treasury $150,000 in dispute.
The old and unsightly Monongahela
suspension bridge at Pittsburg is at last
to give place to a more modern struct
ure fifteen feet higher. Tbe present
bridge was built in 1845, immediately
after the great fire which destroyed tbe
previous structure. When the coal in
terest* became prominent it waa discov
ered that the structure was too close to
the water to allow ordinary tow boats to
pass under, and the coal men have long
anathematized it AS A nuisance.
About 11 o'clock Sunday forenoon
fire was discovered on the roof of the
old McCiinlock Hotel, Petroleum Cen
tre, seven miles north of Gil City, sup
|iosed to have originated from a defec
tive flue. The town being wholly un
provided with a fire Apparatus and a
strong wind blowing from the southeast
at the time, the flames spread rapidly
through the heart of the town, destroy
ing nearly all of what remained of
what was at one time one of the leading
towns of the oil country.
Saturday afternoon the Harrisburg
Car Shop Company's planing mill waa
destroyed by fire. A high wind made
it spread rapidly from building to build
ing. The Are was first discovered on
the oorner of the roof over the engine.
It is supposed that a spark ignited It
quantity of shavings on the roof, and
at that particular time while the men
were either in the mill or at their homes
eating their dinner, it was unnoticed
until too late.
A correspondent of the New York
Herald who was on the vessel with Geo.
Grant during the storm that threatened
the loss of its precious freight, writes
respecting the condition of affairs in the
department where the General waa. He
says: "That while the oountry was OOR
vulsed with fear lest the hero of Appo
mattox might find a watery grave, and
TKIIMM: XI.-Ml |H-r Annum, In Advam*.
I thousands of pious j>co| ]e a 1 over the
: land were down on their knees praying
j for his safety, <rant himself wax snugly
; enxeoneed in the steatiiship's cabin
1 puffing his cigar and playing j okas, ut
terly oblivious to the surrounding
| danger.
Horatio Seymour occupies a position
that adds more than ordinary weight to
| his words of advice and counsel. In a
| recent interview he spoke of the young
I and middle aged, those in the prime
! and zenith of their strength of hody and
I mind as the hope of the country and
! the world. With tliem rested our hopes
iin all departments of work. He, tbere
| fore, was willing to give of his exper
ience, leaving the practical develop
ments to grow under the training and
culture of young, strong and energetic
men. The political fossils, the decrepit
i and infirm, both in body and mind, are
not suited for harness work.
Francis Murphy, the temperance
lecturer, held a reception at his new
home ou Saturday evening. A large
number of ladies and gentlemen called
to welcome Mr. Murphy to a permanent
home in this city. For the first time in
I nine years Mr. Murphy had all bis chil
dren together—William, aged 22, who
has just finished his education and will
| enter the counting roon of one of the
! great manufacturing firms of this city;
Edwin, the second son, who is now bend
ing bis energies to the study of law ;
Mary, an accomplished young lady of 20,
who takes the (dace in the household
that her mother would have filled bad
she lived ; Jfobert, like his brother Kd
win, a law student in thepfliceof Dis
trict. Attorney W. Horace Rote, cif
I Johnstown : John, a handsome lad of
fourteen, still buy with his school liooks,
and finally Josephine, a refined lillle
lady, aged ten years.— Phi/a. Tiinf-i.
It appear*, by the annual circular of
Messrs. it. S. Hun A Co., that the num
ber of failures in business kept annually
j increasing until from 4,070 in 1872 it
reached 10,498 in I*7B. Hut now the
! tide has turned. The number of fail
! ures in 1878 was 3,820 less than during
the previous year, and the amount of *
! liabilities involved declined from $234,-
I 38.'J, 132 to (98,149,053 —by far the
smallest amount since 1870. In 1872
the year lefore the crash—the total
j amount of liabilities was $121,050,000.
The circular speaks of the past year as
I "phenomenal" both iu the extent and
! rapidity of ita profits, resulting from
I the advance in values and an increased
volume of trade, and in the decrease
!in lossea from bad debt*. The statis
; tics of failures abow that in the Western
, States only one trader in every 159 failed,
! as against one in everv 100 in the Mid
| die States, one in 94 in the Southern
' States, ami one in 85 in the Kastern
! States, while in the Pacific States the
failures have readied one in 45. The
| improvement is shown more clearly -by
| recalling that in 1870 every sixty ninth
1 man succumbed ; in 1877 every scventv
; third ; in 1878 every thirty-fourth, while
I in 1879 it was only every one hundred
and fifth trader who surrendered to
adverse fate.
(all for Harmon).
hV A DEMOCRATIC EDITOR WHO FAVOR-,
TiI.DEN.
j From the Bristol i Burk> count*,) OiwifTlf.
The silly war of faction between the
! personal followers of Senator Wallace
and Speaker Randall, which has threat
ened demoralization to the Democratic
I party in this State, seems to be in a
j fair way of ceasing, and promises to re
j suit advantageously to the entire or
; ganization. The basis of compromise
as foreshadowed in the Philadelphia
is so fair that as yet no Demo
cratic politician has entered an objec
tion. Senator Wallace ia the recog
nized leader of the party in the State,
and with the united support of the ac
tive politicians, satisfactory results may
be predicted in the coming campaign.
Wallace has been abused by the oppos
ing factions most bitterly, and his rec
ord justifies what he says in a private
letter to the editor of this paper when
he remarks that "1 do not strike back,
but go forward steady in my purpose to
serve the best interestsol my party and
unite its forces. 1 may err in judgment,
but 1 will not yield that judgment to
virulence and abuse. If my party pre
fers the views, purposes and leadership
of others, 1 am oonlent, and will gladly
take my place in the ranks of iu sol
diery." The party should not attempt
to change the leadership, but unite the
forces in a grand effort for victory. We
are aware that Wallace is opposed to
Tilden. but we firmly believe that hit
best efforts will be tendered the nomi
nee of the Cincinnati convention.
Exports and Imports In February.
From the ttsw York Rmnlng hS.
Tho monthly statement of the Rureau
of statistics shows a continuance of the
increase in the imports of the country,
without a corresponding gain in the ex
porU, which has been the case for some
months past. During February the im
ports of merchandise amounted to $55,-
600,000, against $35,400,000 for the
me month of 1879—the increase being
at the rate of 57 per cent. The exporU
of produce and merchandise for the
month aggregate $<11.200,000. compared
with 964 800.000 in 1879. For the first
eight months of the fiscal year the im-
B>rts of merchandise alone amount to
97,300,000, against $587,500,000 for
the same months of 1878-9, showing an
increase of 9109,800,000. Adding the
import* of specie to those of good*, the
total for the eight months reaches s+B4,-
500,000, against 9305.300.000 for the
like period of 1878-9 showing an in
crease of 9182,900,000, or over 60 per
cent.
NO. II!.