©lit jPnimrai. BKLLEFONTK, PA. NEWS, FACTS ANI) SUUUKSTIONS. tHI lilt r THR NATIONAL Wlilt'AllK 14 Till IMTILU- OtNOE Allll PBIAI'IRITT (It TUP ,'4.-rK Even/ farmer in his annual experience discovers something of value. Write it ami send it to the "Agricultural Editor of the DEMOCRAT, Belief ante, l'enn'u," that other fanners may have the benefit of it. Let commumoalutns be timely, and be sure that they are brief and ivell pointed. Ouit estimate of the importance of clover as a regular farm crop has been'growing until we have come to a point at which we believe it to be the farmers "mainstay." Because of this belief, and because the time for seeding it is about here, we devote the greater portion of our space this week to the reproduction of a large number of paragraphs giving the opinions and the ideas of many of the best farmers of the country upon the subject. For a majority of them we are indebted an annual call ed "T/ie Clover Leaf ," published b\ J. C. Birchall A Co., at South Bend, Indiana. THE Country Gentleman advises thorough pulverization and inter mixture of manure with the top soil before plowing under, and recom mends repeated liarrowings with the harrow as a good way'to accomplish the object. It claims that experience justifies it in saying that this will double the value of the manure. In support of this position we remember that one of the very best and most successful farmers wc ever saw al ways insisted that his manure should lie spread witli great care, and was never satisfied unless it was made "fine and even." Clover--ItB Value, and the Way to Secure a Catch. By clovcring land hundreds of worn-out farms have been rescued from dilapidation and ruin. Many farmers sow in wheat so early in the spring that when the seed does start it is killed by the frosts. The decaying leaves dropped from the growth of clover, and the abund ant roots, contain, when dry, a large pen cent, of nitrogen. To make the best use of clover as n manure it must be plowed under to ferment and stimulate the soil and furnish nourishment for the coming grain crop. After the soil has been cultivated long enough to become worn, good good farming can not be bad without clover. It is a renovating crop, and is a necessity. Let our farmers save all the clover seed they can, and thus help to make thousands of dollars for the State, now sent out each year for clover seed to sow. A good clover sod will furnish enough plant-food for two crops of wheat in succession in most soils. I keep my land in good condition with clover alone. The large amount of nitrogen ac cumulated in the soil by red clover makes it especially a necessity in preparing for the wheat crop, on long cultivated and worn soils. The interest of the farmer is cen tered in fertilizers, without which he could not keep up the productiveness of the soil. One of these is clover, and no other is so ciieap. Without clover, the farmer would be without one of the most valuable adjuncts absolutely neeessnyr to suc cessful farming, for there is nothing which can fully supply its place. When clover is fed of! green, the roots do not develop to the extent that they do when grown for hay and seed, and consequently do not accum ulate of themselves so much of nitro genous matter. Clover cleans the land by choking down the weeds and nourishes it by the rotting of great masses of roots. This is as good as manure. The fer tiliziug principles are-drawn princi* pally from the atmosphere. Sow the seed, and let it grow, and that is the end of it. If it is possible to keep stock off of it for a year, till it gets well established, it is better. Sow all the clover seed you can this spring. You will never regret it. In sowing clover, sufficient seed must be used to fully provide a erop that will be enabled to get the start of weeds and keep them down and destroy them. Thin secdings do not have the advantage of accomplishing this. The farmer who does not supply to liis land the matter taken off in his wheat, corn, oats, etc., will find his soil growing more and more infertile. Clover will supply the most of this matter and will increase the fertility of the land. The seed needs to be sown with a grain crop, of which rye is the best. Young clover requires protection i until its roots grow deep enough to support it and withstand drouth, i which it gets from the grain, and without it would fall to make a good stand. Clover exhibits so many direct relations to the growth of vegetation and to the wants and comforts of man, why may we not look forward to the time when clover will precede and follow every crop, and when all uncultivated lands will be sown with clover ? Clover is the foundation of suc cessful farming. There is no other source of keeping up the fertility of the soils of our farms with so small a cost. Hence any and all information in regard to the successful cultivation of this forage plant and fertilizer is valuable to every tiller of the soil. It requires a large amount of top dressing to supply the demands made by our broad fields and the question of a supply is always a very impor tant one. As a substitute for top dressing, many bring up the fertility of their lands by sowing to clover and turning under the erop, and ex perience lias shown that it answers the purpose admirably. The advantages of clover for pas ture, for hay, and as a fertilizer are becoming year by year,better known and appreciated by the agricultural community. The requirements of j grain producing farms are that they shall have such elements as will maintain their productiveness with the greatest economy. Clover is that acknowledged element and is fast taking its place as a regular farm crop. There are many of the soluble fer tilizing properties of plant growth that leach down with the rains into the deep sub-soil. It is necessary that tiiesc should be brought to the surface to the vitalizing action of light and heat. This is accomplished by the long, penetrating tap-roots of clover, wbicli go down branching in every direction, loosening the earth, taking up the soluble mineral ele ments. American clover-seed lias been in troduced into Uermany in quantities, 1 but complaints are made that, on account of its not being well cleans ed, it docs not bear comparison witli j the* French and other European seed, j The quality of the American seed is j equally good and the prices as low as I the European, but the difference in j cleaning makes a difference of about $2.40 per centner in favor of the European seed. Hough new land should bosulKlued by the use of large (some call it \ English) clover. Nothing so effect- j oally rots out stumps and kills weeds | and sprouts, and prepares the land for the plow and good paying crops. Wild, new lands Hliould always have ' it sown on the first grain crop down, it saves a vast amount of labor, for | in a few years it so tames the ground j and clears it of enemies to the plow that it works like old ground, and is ' good for full crops. The idea that clover is necessarily I a short-lived crop, and should be j turned under in a year or two after sowing, is n most erroneous one. No opinion could be more erroneous. ! This debars you from its use as food for stock, and the growth" of roots is cut short, a source of much of the benefit coining from cultivation of the crop. Therefore we attribute more value to it as a crop for graz ing and soiling, and as a means of reinvigorating tired lands, rendering tougli clays porous, and thin lands vigorous and productive. The best way to get clover mead ows or pßstures is to sow rye early in August or September, the earlier the better. This will supply fall and spring pastures for stock. In the spring sow the clover seed, and har row in thoroughly both ways. It is a mistake to suppose it is best to leave the seed oil top of the ground, which has lieen hardened by fall and spring storms. The harrow will cover the clover just deep enough, and it will cultivate the rye, so as to produce a heavy crop. Either clov : er or timothy makes a belter start in rye than any other grain. Clover to pay you the largest profit, should be used by grazing ani mals, yet for those so situated as to make it available in that way, to tash and phosphates from a depth in the subsoil, below the reach of common Crops. If clover be fed on the farm and the manure returned to the fields, or if it lie turned under as a green dressing, the surface soil is enriched by the material that the clover brought up from the subsoil. •Leguminous plants, hut especially the clover— the kiog of manural orn of laziness, and not founded on good reasoning and is wasteful. This practice is followed by many failures to get a stand. Should there be no failure, however, the chances are in favor of an early start, and that the plants will be well advanced, so as not to be killed out by the summer heat and drouth. Every clover raiser knows, though, that the most criticsl period of the clover plant is just after germination. If then a freeze comes, the clover crop Is a failure. We used to follow the custom of our fathers in this matter, but after two failures in three years we concluded there must be a better way or a clover crop was a most uncertain quantity? Since adopting oar present time and manner of sowing we have never failed on a clover crop. We never sow before the 10th or middle of April. By deferring until that time we avoid, first, the probability of a freeze at the critical point in the life of the clover plant. Uy that time ttio wheat and barley land is ready for the harrow. After it has been well harrowed we have a nice seed lied of fresh, mellow ground for the clover and timothy seed, which we sow together for pasture or bay-. On this fresh seed bed we get a prompt, even, vigorous growth, and we find that by the last of May our clover is as large and better rooted than that sowed on the snow in February. The clover comes up evenly if sowed evenly. In the old way the snow water might wash off a part of the seed. In the new way one bush el of seed to ten acres will give more plants than one bushel to eight acres in the old way. We have twice bar rowed it in. We could see no differ ence in the results. As to sowing clover seed among tbe corn after the last plowing, we should be glad to hear from some one who has made that a success. On good upland and with a favorable fall it might sue ceed well. On light soli, with a gravel subsoil, the heat and drouth of August and September would be likely to finish the clover. If fall sowing can be made A success among corn, we have hero a cheap fertilizer and easily appllad. 11 cows have warm, well ventilated, roomy, clean quarter*, well lighted on the south sido of the barn, they had better be ajlowed to remain there most of the time; though if confined in a cold stable with a short supply of nutrition)} food, the out-of-cn*e to the State a legal enactment makes a regular series of ' analysis possible and efficient; and by ! raising the average standard of this clu.s of goods, and keeping fraudulent hands I out of the market, will save to ourfarni'-r* many times the cost of the Board each , year. F. M. Hexamer, of Ivy-Hill Nurseries Newcastle, Westchester county, N. Y., sends us bis catalogue and price list of : Small Fruit Plants and Seed Potatoes. I)r. Hexamer haif'made specialties of these ! for many years, and sends out only first- | class plants or seeds. He doe* not under take to do all that can be done byway of j plant-growing or selling, but confines hitn- I self to the above mentioned and in these | is considered high authority. j From the Dingee and Conard Co., we ! have The Arte ( Juide to Rote Culture, a I practical pamphlet of over fifty pages, upon | a beautiful subject. Like Dr. Hexamer, : mentioned above, Messrs. D. and C. Con : fine themselves to a specialty ; but instead I of potatoes and berriea, they have adopu-d | ROSEA and annually produce and distribute | more of these than any other establish ment in the world. By years of patient I industry and the most prompt and liberal , dealing, their business has been built ! up from the smallest beginning to such an I extent that they now have fifty large glass bouses, in which are employed large i numbers of peraoos skilled in propagating, ! running to their utmost capacity, winter | and summer, te produce the rose plants re- I quired to fill their orders. A dollar or two expended in ruee plant* will go far toward beautifying home and making it happy, and we advise all who love home to send to D. and C. Co., at West Drove, Chester county, fa., for one of their (tuidea, which will be sent free. Seeding Clover with Spring Grain. - Many farmers have an idea that clover should be sown only upon fall sown wheat or rye. I have seen equally good catches when sown with oats, spring wheat or barley. When intending to seed with spring grain a leas quantity of the grain should be sown, and if the ground is mellow ; sow the clover and go over with a Thomas or brush harrow after drill ing. If in a buckwheat-growing sec tion sow the clover on previous to the last harrowing, and as the buck wheat will afford the young clover a good shade from the heat of the sun its growth will be rapid and aatia factory. "Tuic gist of scientific dissertations upon manures may be formulated to this : Plants that are grown for their leaves, as cabbage, rhubarb, etc., should be fed with an abundance of nitrogenous manures, such as is fur nished by the barnyard. Plants grown for their seeds, as peas, beans, etc., are injured by this class of ma nures, which causes them to rnn too much to vine. Tbey should be sup plied with mineral manures, such as wood-ashes bone-dust, etc."—Garden trl Monthly. AT the State cattle show In lowa, a grade of Bbort-horn bore around the following placard: U I am Dan Webster. My mother is a scrub; my father is a thorough-bred. 1 weigh 1,200 pounds, and am a year ling. I was brought up on skim milk. I am worth fbnr cents per pound. lam here to show what any farmer can raise by giving his oows good, well-bred companions; for ' these go to master." New Vietor Sewing Marhhte—Harper lirother *, Agentn. f NEW VICTOR. SIMPLICITY SIMPLIFIED! rovemontg September, 1870. withatandiw; the Vl< 'T( tit ho* lonrt b<< n : tuy hewing Machine in tho mnri.et a f• < t dny a boat of volunteer witm-axca we now it wondt rlnl reduction of frict.on nn r< for". have no r We Sell Hew Machines Every Time, Bend for Illustrated Circular and prices. Liberal terms to the trade. Don't boy nntil you have Been the Most Elegant, Simple and Easy Running Machine in the Mafket.—The Ever Reliable VICTOR. VICTOR SEWINC MACHINE COMPANY, Western branch Office, ti&j hfATfc Sr., CilliAOO, inn. MIDDLETQWN, CONN. iIAIU'KH U HOT UK ICS, Agent*, Spring .Street, - - - IiKLLKFOXTK, FA. Iff/Mm, McFarlane C l Co., Hardware Dealer. WILSON, McFAItLANE fc CO. DKA LRItS IN STOVES, RANGES ? HEATERS. A LSO Paints, Oils, Olass and Varnishes, AND BTJXHLIDIEX^S' ALLE'ittKNV fTRKET, .... fUMEF' BLOCK, .... BELLRFOMf I* OFFICIAL DIRECTORY. ilKfttl.t* Tr.u- ikt —K .trih Mondayt 'if Jan uary, April, Augu.t and Soveinlier. Fr<*l0...1e. Ac..—WiUlvM a Toil*. lil.trl.l Attorney—oCl A. Fogtakt. RberlfT—Jon* RrA.uig*. Trewur,-t~llk*v Ytilicl I ounlj Kurnwi —JMUD Pr*u*n. Oerumr— Lß. Jm llum County O n.riilee.i.uere- AI.1 Ottoo, Oto. Cw.a, I Jinn lliaiu nrk i< Uovßlf I ommiaeionem—lUttkl Blot Attorney ini'onulr I 'aim m layoff (* M lien. Janitor nf Ike Court llouac— llakTgtM atreet l-clween Allegheny and I'etin. Rervlce# Rnnday * eti.l Vr.Ti a M. aril V . r. u ; all "ther d*ye. | '.loan. Paetor. Her. A. J O llri.n : r evident-*, nouth j alii* of Bt.hop lint eeen Allegheny and IVnit. #T. JoHN'A EPIROQPAL, fill i.atn.l auulhweet oorvier j of Allegheny and Uunb eltnet. Rctrire*. Runday j llkM a.a and 5U a. M. Wedueeday ante ire* T'y r j ■ and Runday-arfoe.l Rnnday Ira . it. Itaaenv-nl of] rhurrh. Inie. lira. John llawitt; maiden, a on j l.amti atramt rear of tfliofal chntvb LUTHERAN. Pituatnd armih.eet corner of High ( and I'rnn elreeta Rprrona. Rnnday I'r Ida * and TJy r a faMhyhwl runday tn Le< lure rreini of than b. piai ei-niiM'lit■ at. Wed nneln " l rat Paetor. Ilo*. Ratn nnl K Fit ret : realAenre, at Paiaonage, High Slirel. ■ eat Iht rhumb. OKRM AN RKPORMFT). fJt.iAtnl northnaat rom of IJnn and Rbrtna atmila Rertina Sunday at lit •* A at andfWp *. Prayer mm lint Wndnt p. a. Hominy *rhit>l la rhnrrh alt m r u Paatr. Re-y. Joba M. Palmer; realdcnre, Thanaa atrnpl. FRIKNDR. Ritualad pad of Logan atreet. Bear Rrllefonte Anademjr. Maetlnf*, Rundaj II a. 1., Weetnoada) II A.a. A". M (*. Prayer meetlnpa are he|de*ery Rnnday al 4 ami eiery Friday al TVJ pa. In Ibe room nl lite Aaanrlalion almte the P.t lUP e \ I'oioti meeting fe held la lb* txia lb* fired Rimdar In earb month al 4 p I M. Room open eyery night from fi to I) P. a. The I.AIrIICR' TKMt'KR tNCK PR A YKR-MFKTINO meeta la Ibe l/ifin Una# lloua-, Tburaday, at 3 P. a. CRNTKNMAL TFMPKRANCE CLI'R. Regular me# tine rarb Tonalay at T pa. In tbHr rngar la tluiuea liulldint, on Allaghenyr atreet. CONSUMPTION POSITIVELY CURED. ALL RU (Terr PA from this tlineiue that ar* aaibnia tn be rnrml ah ntld try Iht KIRRNRRR I-KI.RHRATKD OONRt MPTIVI W)W. IrKRR. The** Poadere are the only preparation known thai wilt earn Cnasiapyina and all dli rami of the Taaoat ARB Lpaoa— Indeed. almnt la our faith in them, and ao to ponylney yon that lliey app nn bum I nig, wa will forward to atery eufferer by mail, poat paid, a rtti Tat it Hot. IA a dun'l want your money until yon ar porfartly aatlefied ol their rnratlre pnweya. If your life la worth ay|D|. don't delay In ptiif tbaao Powacaa a trial, ae they will aurely cure ynu. Prira. fi.r lap** bo*. A3.00, aeat In any part of the Lotted Rtatea or Canada, by mail, on receipt of price. Addreaa, BOBBINS, 44-ly MO Fulton Streeb Brooklyn. N. T. FITS, EPILEPSY, OR FALLI!V SICKIVESS pEEMANKNTLY CURED—No X llumbng- by aaa menth't ran af Or, Oaa~ laed'a Celebrated InfbNible FHPewdara. To coo rlnee anfierere I Hal three pnwdera wl'l tin all we claim fiir them we will eead tin m by audi, poet PAIS, e rate yatet not Ac Sr. Qoalard le the only phyatriaa that baa eret mad* tbia dteeaea a epeetal .tody, and ae b ear kuowledy# ihoumnde hare b-en paaaaataytt tar ed by the one of ih#ee Pownaaa. w t wti.t oreaaataa a PMMaaaat rare la eeeey rwee, or arritat, mr tu attr ay ajteaanen All eaS#re*e ehould glee tbewe Poadere an early trial, aad be eoartoced of their rune lire now ere Price, tor large boa, tfi 00. of 4 bote* top (IB 00 eenl by mail to any part of the Cat tod Rtatea or 'ha ado oa roclrpt rf price, or by eaptwe C. 0 D. Addreaa ASH A BOBBINS, 44-ly. v J® Fultna (treat, Brooklyn, *. T. HKLLEFONTE A SNOW SHOE R R-—Time-Table In effirt on and after [... lea") Sotiw Shoe 7.30 a. a..arrnet in Relief., t. Si.au An lyeatee Brllefonle 10.Jo A. a., arrive, at 'to a A # II J#7 a.a. Lea roe Sue* Shoe 2.42 P.M.,arrive. In IblbfuU flap. n. I.e.roe Bellefunte 4 .V. r v arrive, at St. ft,,., 6 27 p. a. DAMKI. RIIOAIiR. tieneral Ruperinteodeet OALD KAOLE VALLEY HAIL -1 > ROAD —Timfr-TtM*, l*c+ti>\~r 31, Kip. Mill. vuna>. ia;ah ).i|, a. m. t. n. rut r 7 .'& •32 nt Trim** !,k,ip 7 t,* if 7MI 6 2." ,|JIP KiiM T*ntf* L*wtr 7 * * 7 44, 021 " Vail - ... 7lf ►42 742 ft 1* M IWI4 EBRI# m . * 2 fc 47 729 6 m •• ll*Mmb " ... 7>• >O2 tn i :>* ...... M Vt 1 MrniMm ... :4; 11 714 A47 M Martha M ... 7 v 7 O.S 4SB a*..*. ** elijiUn 44 ... HOl (1 .vi ft Ml b27 ...... M CiiiiMirlllf 44 ... hll ft 47 A Ift ...... 44 Fifw stitMi Id 44 (> .'i \t 1 043 Al5 ... 44 M;!**t'urjc 44 ft 33 A iA 44 fUllofont* 44 ... f> ]{j ;| 623 4A5 4 * MiiMsi'uro 44 h4'lo IS 6 U 445 ...... 41 Curtib 44 K l-, .a 4 440 44 Ra!s 44 ... " 1 A 0 Cili 431 m.... 44 lloaard 44 ... V •<* 1 • 4*j b ?>0 420 44 leAcktfl)* 44 ... V!• ; : A 4ft 415 ...... 44 ftp-' h (V(pk u ... (1 7 b33 4in " Mill Hall 44 ... t* 411 ly b2O 4 I*l M . m *' flPipliijrioa •• 11 14 6to 356 44 Lurk Haven 44 V 4211 1* 1 >EN XSYEVAN IA K AILROA 1. M. —I Pbtladrlphla and Kelt liivteloo i—On end after Derember la, 1*77 WRRTWART). KRIF MAlLleaiee I'loled. 1,.|,1e J] j m " Harrieburg 4 eta M WII llamefmrtA 1.1 ala " Lock Hales- b4eia " lUrioro lu fu, ara arrliea at grle...._„ 7 ,v, t. ta NIAGARA KAI'SKRS leaiea l*hllad |n, " Wtlliemeport . II (k'> fnt " arrive, at HarTM-urg 2 44 a " Philadelphia... 7 Rita FAST LINE leave* H ilifamapnrl 12 .Af. a m " arrive* at Harrfaluirg .1 4i atn " Philadelphia. 7SS a m Erie Mall AA'eet. Niagara K|oea. M'eel levk llvt. Erie F.kpiem Weal, Philadelphia fc(|Wew Raet and Pay Etpree. Earn, and Rnnday Expyrm Baal Rlaefdng rare on all night Iraiua. Wu. A. Ru>iy. flee! Raperlntendeiit r jMIE CENTRE DEMOCRAT BOOK and JOB OFFICE BUSH HOUSE BLOCK, BKLLKKONTK, PA., IB NOW OFFERINO GREAT INDUCEMENTS TO TIIORB WISH!NO FIRRT-CLAM Plain or Fancy Printing. 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